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Ffiffillj'u,, ' Albert J. Elen Missing , ' old ;ri rn { Maste ]Ht. t'." " ll.-, ,o, .ffiffillj'u,, '"' ï,ï'ï^ï,ï.ï4--9 Drawin FtanrLzKo Co ction J vt SDU Publishers / The Netherlands Office for Fine Arts SDU Uitgeverti / Rlrlsdtenst B€eldeíd€ Kunst This catalogue of the missing old master drawings from the FEnz Koenigs collection seryes a number of puÍposes. In the filst place it should be seen as an intrduclion to an exceptionally fine and vaned collection of 526 old master drawings which was illegally removed from The Netherlands duÍing the Second wodd war. It not only confirms lhe longstanding claim by the State of The Netherlands upon these drawings but also pÍoclaims the State's intention to pursue lhat claim with determination. The amply illustrated and easily accessible catalogue is meaot to be an instrument for the locating and identification oí the missing diawiogs, only 35 of which have been rccovered so far 'we invite any person who has been or will be confronted with a drawing included in this catalogue, or who has any knowledge about the pÍesent wheÍeabouts of suc:h drawings, to contact the RoFl Netherlands Embassy in his or heÍ country or The Netherlands office for Fine Arts (Rijksdienst Beeldende Kuost) h The Hague. with 30 illusÍÉIiotr in colour and 352 in black-ànd-whire rsBN 90-12-0601ó€ SDU Publishers / The Netherlànds office for Fine Áns, The ía8ue SDU UreewÍtt / Rtilcdtení A€€ld€nd. Kurut, D€n H.la Missing Old Master Drawings from the Franz Koenigs Collection claimed bv the State of The Netherlands Albert J. Elen with the assisance oÍ lacob Voonhuis SDU Publishers The Netherlands Office for Fine Ans, The Hague 1989 SDU Uitsa.rii Riilsdi@t Beldcnd. Ku t, Dcn Hààs Preface The Netherlands ofÍice for Fine Árts (Rijksdienst Beeldende Kunst), under the aegis ofthe Ministry o{ Culture, wishes to publicize the renewed efforts to recover that part ofthe renovned Koenigs collection oÍ old m:srcr drawings which, during the German occupation ofThe Netherlands in \íorld \íar II, was sold by a Dutch private collector to Dr. Hans Posse, the director of the Staadiche Gemàldesammlung D.esden. and r reprerentarive or Adolt H rlen From 1919 until his death on 7 December 1942, Posse was charged by Hitlerwith the Sozderauftrag Linz: the'collecting' of works of an in occupied countries for the planned but never realized Fi.ihrer-Museum in Linz. According to the interallied declaration of s January 1943, rhe so called Joint Declararion', as well as on the basis of decrees issued in 1940 ind 1942 by rhe Durch covernmenr in exile and furrh€r posr war legislation, the sale ofthe Koenigs drawings to the Nazis was illegal. The 526 selecred drawings wcre removcd Írom Museum Boymans in Rotterdam and transported to Dresden, where they were stored in the Kup{erstich-Kabinett. Since then their history is the same as that ofpart of the Dresden collections. At the end of World \íar II the Dresden museums, including the Kup{erstich-Kabinett were emptied ard their collections stored in various hiding places in the vicinity ofDresden. From there some works ofanwere stolen while left unattended and thousands were taken to safety to Kiev, Leningrad and Moscow by the occupying Soviet Forces, many o{them to be officially returned rc Dresden iÍ 1958. The 3l drawings from the Koenigs Collection that remained behind in 19a6 were Iong sequestered in the Dresden Kupferstich-Kabinen (32) and the Museum der bildenden Kiinste in Leipzig (l) until they were found and officially restituted to The Nerherlands by the government o{ the German Democratic Republic in January 1987. The otheÍ drawings, except for two which were reparriated in 1953 and in 1988, are still missing. It is the intention of this catalogue to record and give world wide publicity to the Netherlands'4S-years-old claim to title and our determination to pursue that cliim in order to recover the 491 drawings still missing. Two years ago, in rhe autumn o{ 1987, the Dresden Printroom published a catalogue very similar to ours and with the sane ptrpose: Vermisste Zeichnungen de' KePferst;cb-Kabinettes Dresden. They too are still searching for their missing drawings (ca. 1ss0), whose sad history is so closeiy connected to that of ours. \íe sincerely wish them the sáme result $at we wish for ourselves, namely the locating and unconditional return o{ the missing works of art that have been illegally removed from our countries during and immediately a{ter \íorld \íar II and, after 44 y€ars, are srillkept care{ully hidden somewhere. Special mention should be madc ofJohn Rowlands' part in the recovery oÍ a drawing by Ambrosius Holbein (cat.no. 1e2) {rom London in 1988, as it was he who {irst brought this mising drawing to our attention when it suddenly appeared in London in the autumn of 1987. It is hoped that his fine example will be Íollowed by each person who comes across a rnissing drawing or happens to know of its whereabouts. The questfor the missing Koenigs drawings is part oÍ a much larger project, which deals with the recovery of works ofart, owned by Dutch citizens or institutions, which were illegally acquired by the German occupying forces during \íorld Var II and subsequently removed from our country but which have not as yer be€n returned. From 1945 up until I May 1988 the Netherlands Ministry ofFinance had the responsibility {or the administration, identification ind restirution of looted securities and chattels. During the first fifteen years following rhe end o{ rhe war most cases, including several thousands of works o{ fine art, were successfully closed. Those cases that have remained outstanding:re for the greaterpan missing objects offine an. By Royal Decree 233 oÍ20 April 1988 rhe Mlnistry of Culture has been ofÍicially charged to dealwith all cases o{ art recovery that have remained unsolved. This rask is being carried out by rhe The Netherlands Office for Fine Arts, who manages all state-owned works of art, most of which are on loan to Dutch museums, government insritutions and embassies abroad. The author of rhis catalogue and the provisional handlist that served as a prospectus, ÁlbertJ. Elen, is the erecur" e ot rhe \erhcrland< rn recove ry project. Robert de Haas Director, The Netherlands Office for Fine Arts (Rijksdienst Beeldende Kunst) F : Table of contents s Prefacê 9 Introduction 26 About the catálogue 28 Acknowledgements 29 Colour plates 54 Legenda 55 Catalogue 259 Bibliography 268 Indexes and concordances 268 - Index of anists 269 - Index of former and alternative attributions 269 - Index oÍ former owners and present ke€pers 272 - Index of subjects 276 - Index of special characteristics 277 Concordance I: Koenigs inventory and the Catalogue 279 - Concordance II: Provisional Handlist and the Catalogue I li.u7 Ko.rigs (1S31-l9+l) Introduction Art collecting during the Interbellum German symbolist painter. After a very brie{ time in Cologne, where he was appointed director oÍ the It is ro the dedication and immense efforts oÍ that recently founded Delbrnck von der Heydt & Cie. great collector, self educared art historian and bank in 1921, Koenigs moved to The Netherlands in connoisseur Frits Lugt that we owe most ofour 1q22. uhcrc. in theprevious lear wirhhi.cou":r Lnon ledge abour an Lolle, rins o. er rhc pa.r fou r Rhodius, he had founded the RhodiusKoenigs centuries. Trained in the Àmsterdam att market and Handel-Maatschappi j, an international business and married to a woman of both character and fonune, banki-g a*ociarion in Amsterdam. ln Ie22 h.ocnig. I ugr <penr mo'r ol l-i' rite ing and collecrirg settled in HàaÍ1eÍn. There he dedicated himselÍ to 'rud1 paintings and drawings by the o1d masters. At a very enlarging his small but {ine collection o{ old master early stage in his career Lugt became imerested in the drawings, which soon turned into a real passion history ofcollecting and at the age o{37 he published Koenigs made his first important acquisidons at his tanors Les Marqnes de Colleaions (Amsterdam rhe \a e. olh, H.V Campe rnd Fugênc Rodrigue. 1921), which together with the Snpplément volune collections in Leipzig (B oeÍneÍ,25.4.1921) and (The Hague 1e56) for a long time to come will Amsterdam (Mullet 12.7.1921). At the Rodrigues sale rernain the standard work on collectori marks, a he bought 66 drawings, including important drawings handbook {requently consulted by collectors, an by Diirer, Schongauer, Boucher and V/atteau, as well dealers and art historians-l as a large nunber of anonynous 16th-century Dutch V/hen Lugt compiled les Marques àe Collectíons drawings. Other great opportunities were soon to he did not yet know oÍ Franz Koenigs' follow. reconnaissance ofthe art m:rker. Koenigs, a young According to Frits Lugt, who came to know him and success{ul cerman banker and businessman, was very welland sives a detailed account ofhis person at that time on the point ofswitching his busines and collection in the supplement volume to his Ies acrivities to The Netherlands and about to become a Marqaes de Collections of 19s6, Koenigs vas villing serious competitor as a collector oÍ old master to pay any price for a drawing, on the condition that drawings. it was a sheet o{ exceptional qualiry. Lugt adds that Franz Koenigs (fig. 1) was born in Kierberg near Koenigs was a collectorwho acted with flair, Cologne into a German family of industrialists and judgemcnr and made r:pid decisions, was prepared to merchant bankcrs as the son ofthe director of the take chances and rcady to admit bad buys.
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