246 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEl!tffiER 17,
Brown, Buckner, Buffinton, Bundy, Burch.'ll'd, Burleigh, Burrows, B(_llljamin F. But a bill for the r elief of the Southern Methodist publishing house at ler, Cannon, Cason, Freeman Clarke, Clymor, Coburn, Con~r, Corwm, Cotton, Cox, Nashville, Tennessee. Cmtis, Danforc.l, Dawes, Donnan, Duell, Dunnell, ~llJ!leS, J:<'ort, ~ostcr, Frye, Gar field, Gunckol, Eugene Hale, Robert S. Hale, B eDJamm \V. Hams, H enry R. Har By Mr. CHAFFEE : ·.A. petition of citizens of Colorado Territory, ris, Johu T. Harris, Havens, John B. Hawley, Joseph R. Hawley, Gerry \V. Ha~el asking that the branch mint at Denver be put upon a coinago ton, Hendee, Hereford, E . Rockwood Hoar, George F. Hoar, Holman, Hoskins, basis. HublJell, Hunter, Hurlbut, Hyde, Jewett; Ka so. n, K ellog!?.l Knap~Lawrence, By Mr. COTTON : The petition of J . .A.. Robinson and 53 others, Lawson, Lofland, Loughrid~_e, J::owe, McCr~~ A;lcxan~er 8. _ M<;~D' ,JaJ?eS W. McDill McLean, McNUlta, JUornam, Monroe, .lllOITlSOD, cal, 0 Bnen, Neill, Orr, asking a modification of the postal laws. Orth, Pa-ckard, Pa-cker, Ho.·ea W. Parker, Phillips, Pierce, Thomas C. Platt~ By .Mr. EDEN: The petition of Hannaman & Rhodes and others, Potter Pratt, Ray, Rice, Robbins, Ellis H. Roberta, William R. lwberts, James W. druggists of Shelbyville, illinois, for the repeal of that part of the Robin 'on Ro s l{usk, Sawyer, H enry B. Sayler_~ Milton Sayler, John G. Schumaker, revenue laws requiring the use of stamps by druggists. Scofield Isaac W. Scudder, Sessions. Sherwoou, Lazarus D. Shoemaker, Smart, A. Herr S~itb, H. Boardman Smith, J ohll Q. Smith.,J)prague, StandeforQ..._Starkweather, By Mr. HARMER: .A. petition signed by over 800 citizens, asking Stone, Strait Taylor, Tremain, Tyner, Vance, waldron, MarcusL. ward, Wheeler, that means may be taken as promptly as possible, in co-opera Whitehead, \Vhltehouse, Whitthorne, Wilber, Charles W. Willard, George Willard, tion with other governments, for the settlement of internationaJ. Charles G. Williams, John M. S. Williams, \Villiam B. Williams, James Wilson, J eremialt M. \Vilson, Wolfe, Woodford, \Vooc.lworth, and Pierce M. B. Young-134. difficulties by the plan of ·arbitration and the formation of a high NO'l' VOTING-Messrs. Banning, llegole, Bland, John B. Clark, jr., Stephen A. comt of nations for the adjustment of all d.i:fl'erences without a resort Cobb Creamer, Crittenden, Crooke, Farwell, Field, Gooch, Hersey~..!loopcr, Howe, to arms. Kend;u_l Lamar, Lamison, Lamport, McKee, Mitchell, Morey, ..Nunn, Parsons, By Mr. HYNES: A memorial of the Legislature of Arkansas, for Phelps, 'James H . Platt{, jr., P oland, Randall, James C. Robinson, Sheats, ~loss, William A. Smith, Southard, Stephens, St. John, Thomas, Walls, and Ephraim K. relief of the Southern Methodist publishing house, with accompany Wilson-:J7. ing petitions from various conferences and citizens of Arkansas. So the motion to adjourn was not agreed to. . . . By Mr. LANSING: .A. petition for the relief of the Southern Metho Mr. BUTLER, of Massa.chusetts. _I rise to a pnvileged motion. I dist publishing house at Nashville, Tennessee. move to reconsider the vote by which the amendment I offered was lost. By 1-.1r. MYERS: The petition of Louis Sonntag, of Philadelphia, The SPEAKER. Did the gentleman vote with the prevailing side f for bounty unuer act of July 28, 1866. . 1-.1r. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I donotthink I did. By Mr. NIBLACK : The petition of J ames F. Blunt, of Spencer · The SPEAKER. Then the gentleman cannot make that motion. County, Indiana, praying for compensation for military service . Mr. HALE, of Maine. Upon the appeal of many members, who Also, the petition of William May, sr., of Spencer County, Indiana, have been voting in the same direction I have, and as this matter will praying for an increase of pension to his insane· son. come up the first thing after the reading of the Journal to-morrow Also, the petition of .Andrew J. Baldwin, of Spencer County, Indi morning, I move that the House now adjourn. ana, praying for a pension. Many MEl\ffiERS. 0, no. Also, the petition of Edward Winchell, of Spencer County, Indiana, The SPEAKER. That motion is not now in order, a similar motion praying compensation for military services. . having just been voted down. The question now is upon the amend .Also, the petition of L. D. J ay and 45 others, of P erry County, ment of the gentleman from Iowa, [Ur. KASSON.] Indiana, praying that all mail matter, whether letters, merchandise, }.fr. COBURN, and Mr. BUTLER of Massachusetts, called for the newspapers, or other printed matter, shall be prepaid. yeas and nays. By 1-.1r. ROBINSON, of Ohio : The petition of H . Peters and others, Mr. LEACH. P ending the call for the yeas and nays I move that of :Marion County, Ohio; also the petition of J. N. McCoy aud others, the ·House now adjourn. of Hardin County, Ohio, asking the repeal of the stamp tax on cer Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts, and others. 0, no. tain classes of drugs. The motion to adjourn was not agreed to. By Ur. SW.ANN : A petition of citizens of Maryland in behalf of The yeas and nays were then ordered o.n the amendment moved by the Southern Methodist publishing house at Nashville, Tennessee, for Mr. KAssoN. the use and destruction of its property by the United States. The question was taken ; and there were-yeas 172, nays 76, not Also, the petition of John Rutter, of Baltimore, late a private in voting 37; as follows : Company G, Voltigeur Regiment, in the war with Mexico, praying for a back pension. YEAS-Messrs. Albright, Arr.her, Arthur, Ashe, Atkins, Banning, Barrera, Barry Bass, Beck, Berry, Bowen, Bright, Brown, Buckner, Bundy, Burchard, By Mr. '\VILLLUIS, of Massachusetts : The petition of Edwin C. Burlmgh,1 Burrows, Benjamin F. Butler, Cannon, Cason,. Amos Clark, jr., John B. Morse, late additional paymaster United States Army, praying for Cla;rk, Jr., Clements, Clymer, Stephen A . Cobb, Coburn, Con~er, Cook, Corwin, Cot relief. ton, Cox, Crittenden, Crocker, Crutchfield, Curtis, Danforc.l, Dawes, De Witt, Dob· bins, Donnan, Dunnell, Eames, Eden, Fort, Foster, Frye, Garfield, Gooch, Gnnckel, Also, the petition of William Thwing, for a new register to the ship Eugene Hale, Hamilton, John T. Ha...'Tis, Hatcher, Hathorn, Havens, John B. Hawl ey, Alhambra. Gerry W. Hazelton, John W. Hazelton, Hendee, Hereford, E . Rockwood Hoar, George Also, the petition of Francis L ow, for relief. F. Ho:tr, Holman, Hoskins, Hunter, Hyde, J ewett, Ka,sson, Killinger, Knapp, Law Also, the memorial of Cornelia .A. . Washburn, of Newton Lower r ence, Lawson, L each, Loug_l~iclge, Lowe, Luttrell, M~ee, Marshall, !L'l>rt.iu, Falls, Massachusetts, praying for a pension. McCrary, James W. McDill, .lllcDou~all, McJunkin, Mr.Lean, McNulta, Mellish, Merriam, Mills, Monroe, Moore, MoiTison, Neal, Negley, Nesmith, Niblack, O'Brien, By Mr. WILLIAMS, of Michigan : The petition of Barbara Rich Orr, Orth, Packer, Page, Hosea W . Parker Isaac C. Parker Pendleton, Perry Phil ards, for a pension to the minor heirs of :Micha.el Weisse, deceased. lips, Pierce, Pike, Thomas B. Platt, Poland, Potter, Pratt, Rainey, Ransier, Read, By Mr. WILSON, of Iowa: The petition of Captain I saac V. Den :&ichmond,Robbins, Ellis H. Roberts, William.R.Roberts,James W.Robinsou, Ross, Rusk, Henry B. Sayler, l.lliton Sayler, Scofield, Henry J. Scudder, Isaac W . Scud nis, Twenty-second Iowa Volunteer Infantry, for arrears of pen der, Sessions, Shelc.lon, Sherwood, Lazarus D . Shoemaker, Smart, A. H err Smith, John sions. Q. Smith, Southard, Speer, S:pmgue, Stanarcl, Starkweather, Stone, Storm, Strait, Also, the petition of Sophronia Austin, praying for a pension. Swann, Taylor, Todd, Tremam, Tyner, Vance, Waldron, Walls, Ja,sper D. Ward,· Also, the petition of .A.. J ackson and others, citizens of Tama Cotmty, Marcus L. Ward, Wells, Wheeler, Whitehouse, Whitthorne, Wilber, Charles W. Willard, George Willard, Charles G. Williams John M.S. Williams, William B. Iowa, praying for the r emoval of the Sac and Fox Indians to their Williams, EpbJ:iam K. Wilson, J ames Wilson, Jeremiah M. Wilson, Wolfe, Wood, reservation in the Indian Territory. Woodford, Woodworth, John D. Young, and Pierce M. B. Young- 172. Also, a petition of citizens of Marshall, Grundy, and Tama Counties, NAYS-Me srs. AdamR, Albert, Averill, Barnum, Bell, Biery, Blount, Bradley, Iowa, praying for the establishment of a post-route from Traer, via Bromber~ Buffinton,~. Rouerick R. Butler, Cain, Caldwell, Cessna, Clayton, Clinton L. Cobb, lirossland, lironnse, Davis, Durham, Eldredge, Elliott, Freeman, Giddinf?S, Crystal and Badger Hill, Tama County, and Wadaloup, Grundy Glover, RobertS. Hale, Hancock, Harmer Benjamin \V. Harris, Henry R.' Han-1s, County, to Liscomb, Marshall County. Harrison, Josesh R. Hawley, Hays, .Herndon, Houghton, Hubbell, Hunton, H":u~ By J'lir. WOLFE: .A. petition of sundry citizens of W ashington but, Hynes, Kello~rg Lansing, LeWls, Lofland, Lowndes, Lynch, Maynard, Milli County, Indi:ma, praying for an increase in the currency, by provid ken, Myers, O'Neill:; Packard, Parsons, Pelham, Purman, Rawls', Ray, Rice, Saw yer, John G. Schumaker, Sener, Shanks, Small, U . Boardma,n Smith, J. Ambler 8mith, ing for the deposit of Government bonds, &c. Snyd5 Standeford, Stowell, Strawbridge, S;ryher, Thornburgh, Townsend, Wad delL wallace, White, Whlteheacl, William WilliaUlS, and Willie-76. N'OT VOTING-Messrs. Barber, Begole, Blanc!, Freeman Clarke, Comingo, Crea mer, Crooke, Darrall, Duell, Farwell, Field, Hersey, Hooper, Howe, Kelley, K endall, Lamar, Lamison, Lamport, Alexander S. McDill, McKee, Mitchell, Morey, Kilos, £unn, Phelp~ James H. Platt, jr., Randall, Rapier, James C. Robinson, Sheats, IN SENATE. Sloss, George L. Smith, William A. Smith, Stephens. St. John, and Thomas-37. So the a.mendment was agreed to. WEDNESDAY, December 17, 1873. 111r. KASSON. I move to reconsider the vote just taken, and also move that the motion to reconsider be laid on the table. Pra.yer by the Chaplain, Rev. BYROX SUNDERLAND, D. D. Mr. HAYS. And on that motion I call for the yeas and nays. The J ournal of yesterda,y's proceedings was r ead and approved. Mr. SENEZ,. Pencling the call·for the yeas and n ays, I move that the House now adjourn. PETITIONS .A.loo-n 1\ffiMORIALS. The motion wa.~ agreed to upon a division-ayes 142, noes 46; and Mr. LEWIS presented a .petition of citizens of South Washington accordingly (at six o'clock and five minutes p.m.) the House ad praying to be protected against a nuisance created and maintain;i journed. by the Baltimore and P otomac Railroad Company; which was ro ferred to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Mr. INGALLS presented a petition of citizens of Sedgwick County, P ETITIONS, ETC. Kansas, praying Congress to pass a law granting them relief in the The following petitions, &c., were presented. under the rule, and purchase of certain lands in Kansas; which was referred to the Com · referred to the appropriate committees: · ' mittee on Public Lands. By ~1r. ATKINS: Two petitions from sundry citizens of the sev Mr. MORRILL, of Vermont, presented the memorial of William J. enth congressional district of Tennes~ee, praying for the passage of McDonald, praying compensation for damage done to his property in 1873. CONGRESS;IONAL. RECORD. 247 consequence of an act of Congress changing the grade of the streets Mr. SHERMAN. I have no objection to considering that bill at upon which his property is located; which was referred to the Com a.ny time, hut I am oppo ed to its passage, anu shall deem it my duty mittee on Public Builclings and Grounds. to re ist it as long as I can. Whenever the subject comes up I shall .Mr. SCOTT. 1 present the resolutions in the nature of a memo debate it. · . rial, passed by the Boartl of Trade of Phlladelphia, calling attention The PRESIDENT pm tempore. The Chair hears no objection to the to the snggesliions maue by the National Board of Trade, and recom pre ent consideraiion of the bill. mendillg in those sugge tions moilifications of the bankrupt law. I Mr. SUMNER. I think it had better go over. move their reference to the Committee on the Judiciary. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The consideration of the bill is The motion was agreeu to. objected to, and it will lie over. Mr. PRATT presented the petition of Luise van Piichelstein, widow Mr. SCOTT. I am instructed by the Committee on Claims to of Major yon Piichelstein, praying to be placed on the pension roll; report back the petition of Antoinette Darling, praying compensation which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. for damages sustained in con equence of Indian depredations in Mr. MITCHELL presented the memorial of citizens of Portland, Minnesota, with the recommendation that it ought not to be allowed; Orego1l, merchants, shippers, importers, &c., protesting against the and I ask the n,doption of that report at this time. repeal of an act approved June 7, 1872, providing for the protection, Mr. RAMSEY. Will not the Senator allow it to lie over until engagement, and llischarge of seamen shipped upon American mer to-morrow¥ chant ve 'sels ; which was referred to the. Committee on Commerce. 1\Ir. SCOTT. I will state briefly the reason why I ask the adoption Mr. WINDOl\1 presented a petition of citizens of Minnesota, pray of the report, and I wish to call the a"fltention of the Senator from ing for an extensiorl of time for the payment of their lands on the Minnesota, as it does not relate simply tO this petition. The petition Fort Ridgely reservation in that State; which was referred to the upon which I have reported was pre ented in the Fortieth Congress, Committee on Public Lan
very (J'reat importance, not simply to the committee from which this troduce a bill (S. No. 204) for the relief of Robert Bent and J ack report comes, but to all the committees of the body. It is intended Smith; which was read twice by its title. to arrest this business of coming in at the commencement of the ses l\1r. BOGY. I am authorized by the Committee on Indian Affairs sion and a-sking to have referred again to a committee papers which to ask for the pa age_ of the bill, and also to say a few words on the have been acted upon adversely; and simply because the report was subject. not adopted when it was made it is not within th~tt rule which This is a billfortherelief of two persons who ename arementioned would prevent it from being referred. I wish now to adopt this in it-Robert Bent and Jack Smith. These two persons are entitled adverse report, so that when the motion shall be made to refer this each to 640 acres of land given to them by a treaty made with the petition a
The report was adopted. · they been a~:~king for it, and without being positively refused1 the Mr. BORE~1AN . I am instructed by the Committee on Claims, to matter has been neglected for the want of proper authority some whom was referred the petition of F . W. E. Lohman, Samuel Ruth, where. and S. M. Carter, asking compensation for secret service during the I am a member of the Committee on Indian Affairs, and I will, dur war, to report it back adversely and to state that there is not a par ing this ses ion of Congres , prepare a bill to reorganize the whole ticle of le
PUBLICATIO~ OF NAMES OF ABSENTEES. depredations, are committed because of the want of proper and wise legislation on this subject. It is true the Indian commits murder, Mr. FERRY, of Michigan. I am directed by the Committee on and is very often apparently the aggressor. He is the aggressor be Rules, to whom was referred a resolution relative to omitting the cause wrongs have been continually perpetrated against him, not names of absentees in the reports of our debates, to report it back because the Government desires to do him wrong. I am perfectly bvorably and ask for its present consideration. satisfied that the wish, the intent, of the whole nation is to do him The resolution was read, as follows : more than justice; but the system is so defective that jnstice cannot Resolved That the re olution adopted by the Senate on the 4th of May, 1864, be done. directing the reporter in making up the proceedings of the Senate for pu bllcation to put in a separate list the names of absentees in each call of the yeas and nays, As a mere illustration: you have a Commi sioner of Indian Affairs. l>e rescinded. The Commissioner of Indian Affairs is presufned in law to be the head of the Indian Bureau, and yet the Commissioner of Indian .Af Mr. FERRY, of lllichigan. I think th.ere can be no objection to the fairs is merely a clerk of the Secretary of the Interior, and has no resolution. power whatever. In addition to this you have Indian commis ioners l\1r. EDMUNDS. I think it had better go over. appointed by the President. I believe they are not even confirmed l\1r. SUMNER. I hope it will not be pa sed now. by the Senate; but they are appointed by the President, and it is The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Objection being made, the resolu their right to pass upon all Indian contracts, to reject or to approve, tion goes over. doing away with the power both of the Commissioner of Indian .Af G. W. STANDEFER. fairs and of the Secretary of the Interior. There are five of these irre Mr. .AMES. I am instructed by the Committee on Enrolled Bills, sponsible commis ioners. They may be very worthy men. I know to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 48'2) to correct the enroll one in my own city, Colonel Campbell, and a better man could not ment of an act entitled ".An act for the relief of P. W. Standefer," to be found in the country for the position, but I doubt if he be not the report the same back and ask for its present consideration. only one who is really fit for the position. If there are others I do .Mr. EDMC~S. I feel inclined to object to the present considera not know them. tion of the bill, not out of any opposition to it, but becanse I am de-: But, in addition to this, you have five inspectors at a salary of some sirons to reach the order of business which will enable us in the morn three thousand dollars a year, with ten cents per mile for travel, ing hour to take up· the bankrupt bill which came from the House, whose duty it is to visit every agency in the United States, from the ancl to dispose of it, either by sending it to a committee or in some Misffi.ssippi to Ala ka, and who are allowed to charge ten cents a. mile other way. I think it ought to be sent to a committee. I do not for travel, with a power to remove every Indian agent, with a power object to this bill, however, becanse I understand it merely provides to stop all contra{lts- with an absolute po~er; and they report their fur a change of a letter. in ala'!", a matter of for~; but I m~ntion ~t a{ltiOn and their doings to the President of the United States, doing as entering a caveat agaiDSt taking up the mornmg hour With bnsi away with the power of the Secretary of the Interior, with the power ness just reported. of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, and with the power of the By unanimous consent the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, five commissioners. proceeded to consider the bill (H. R. No. 482) to corr.ect the enroll In addition to this you have superintendents of Indian affairs ment of an act entitleu ".An act for the relief of P. W. Standefer." whose powers are so great and so indefinite that they are in constant It proposes to amend the act ~pproved on the 3d day of M!ll'_ch, ·conflict with these five inspectors, and one will not yield to the other. 1873, entitled" .An act for the relief of P. W. Standefer," by striking Besides all this you have Indian agents who claim that they are . out of the act, where it occurs, and from the title thereto, the name acting under the law too, and they cannot be interfered with; and of "P. W. Standefer," and inserting the name of "G. W . Standefer." in this way you have a system that is complete cha<>s, complete con The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered fusion, and there is no responsibility anywhere. to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Again, sir, the Indian is in contact with the United States at this LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. day merely, if I may so express it, in a military aspect. He is so pursued, so narrowed down in his dimensions, that he is continually Mr. ANTHONY. The Committee on Printing, to whom was re in conflict with the white man. The interposition of the Army is re ferred a resolution to print five hundred extra copies of the report quired. From a pretty good knowledge of the subject, having once of the Librarian of Con!P"ess for the use of the librarian, have in had-I may say- the 'misfortune of being Commis ioner of Indian structed me to report back the same without amendment and recom- Affairs- for while I held it I had a great deal of trouble and was mend its passage. · · continually persecuted for hold.in~ it because I tried to do my duty, The resolution was considered by unanimous consent and agreed to, and my residence on the frontier has also given me the opportunity as follows : of knowin(J' much about the Indians-! say, and I wish the Senate Ordered That five hundred additional copies of the annual report of the Libra to hear it, that the whole system is a farce-is an ontrarre; and I be rian of C~n!ITess for the year ending December 1, 1873, be prmted, with paper lieve I shall get the co-operation of the gentlemen who repre ent covers, for fu:e use of the librarian. the Western States west of the Mississippi River, who agree with BILLS DITRODUCED. me on this subject. I will consult with Senators from the extreme Mr. BOGY asked, and by unanimollil consent obtained, loave to in- West on that matter, and see if something cannot be done to reduce 1873. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 249
the present heterogeneous system to some order, and get unity and Mr. SUl\INER. Very well; that can be attended to when we get concentration of power somewhere. through with the morning business. I have a re olution to offer. With regard to this bill, :Mr. President, there is no question but that The PRESIDENT pro tfJlnpore. The Senator from Massachusetts it should be passed. The committee is unanimous. These men are objects. Resolutions are now in order. justly entitled to this land. It has been surveyed by the Government CHARGES OF INTEREST BY NATIONAL BANKS. of the United States, the survey desi~ated, and the title has been withheld for the want of positive legiBlation enabling the Secretary Mr. PRA'IT submitted the following resolution; which was con of the Interior to issue the patent. I hope the bill will be put upon sidered by unanimous consent and agreed to : its passacre . Resolved, That the Committee on Finance be directed to report whether more Mr. SARGENT. Will the Senator from Missouri allow me to ask efficient provisions of law are not r equired to restrain the national banks from him if the bill has been referred by the Senate to the Committee on b~a~t!~: reserving, and taking a higher rate of interest than is allowed by law to Indian Affairs '¥ COLLECTION OF INTERNAL REVENUE BY STAMPS. Mr. BOGY. It has been considered by the committee. Mr. SARGENT. Is there any letter of the Secretary of the Interior Mr. SUMNER. I send to the Chair a resolution which I ask to have on this case Y read. Mr. BOGY. There was before the committee. Mr. EDMUNDS. Let it be read for information. Mr. SARGENT. I should like to have the letter read or the bill The Chief Clerk read as follows : laid over until to-morrow, until I can examine it. Resolved, That the Committee on Finance be instructed to consider the expedi • The PRESIDENT p·o tempore. The Senator from Missouri asks for ency of reducing the national expenditure by abolishing the office of CommissiOner of Internal Revenue and other offices under him and forthwith providing by law the present consideration of the bill. for the collection of all internal taxes by the sJe and use of stamps, the presence Mr. SARGENT. I should like to have an opportunity to examine of stamps on articles being evidence that they had paid the tax, ~nd the absence of the bill. stamps that they had not paid the tax, and taxed articles without stamps being seizable by any officer and forfeitable in any United States court, the law to be The PRESIDENT p1·o ternp(}re. Objection is made, and the bill will administered by the Secretary of the Treasury ; and the committee shall consider be referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. the extent of saving and economy by such change. Mr. RAMSEY asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to introduce a bill (S. No. 205) to authorize the Secretary of the Interior The PRESIDENT p1·o ternpore. Is there objection to the present to di charge certain obligations of the United States to the creditors consideration of the resolution l of the upper and lower bands of Sioux Indians; which was read 1\ir. EDMUNDS. If there is to be no debate upon it I do not object; twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Indian Afl"airs. if there is, I re erve the right to object. 1\Ir. RAMSEY asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to Mr. SUl\INER. I do not wish to debate it. introd_uce a bill (S. No. 206) to provide for the publication of certain The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair hears no objection to the maps of survey of the Upper Mississippi and :Minnesota Rivers; which present consideration of the resolution. was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Printing. The resolution was adopted. He also asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to in MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. troduce a bill (S. No. 207) for the relief of C. E . Rogers; which was A message from the House of Representatives, by l\1r. 1\IcPHERSoN, read twice by its title, and referreP. to the Committee on Post-Offices its Clerk, announced that the House ha.O. concurred in the amend and Post-Roads. ments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. No. 478) to provide for there Mr. DAVIS asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to in demption of the loan of 1858. troduce a bill (S. No. 208) to reimburse the State of West Virginia for The messa,ge also aruaounced that the House had pa-ssed a. bill (H. losses incurred by reason of the destruction of its bridges, court R. No. 614) to so amend the laws relative to internal revenue as to houses, school-houses, churches, turnpike-roads, and other public prop allow distillery houses to be continued in use after chaJlges have oc erty by Federal troops during the late war; which was read twice by curred in the management of the business; in which it requested the its title, referred to the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be concurrence of the Senate. printed. l\1r. LEWIS asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to in PENSIONS TO DISABLED SOLDIERS. troduce a bill (S. No. 209) supplementary to an act entitled "An act 1\Ir. WRIGHT submitted the following resolution; which was con to authorize the Washington City and Point Lookout Railroad to ex sidered by unanimous consent, and agreed to : tend a railroad into and within the District of Columbia," approved Resolvlld, That the Committee on Pensions be instructed to inquire into the expe January 22, 1873; which was read twice by its title, referred to the diency of so amending the existing pension laws as to provide that the allowance or Committee on the District of Columbia, and ordered to be printed. monthly pension granted to soldiers who have lost an arm above the elbow Rhall be the same as tliat now allowed to soldiers who have lost a leg aboye the knee, Mr. JOHNSTON asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave and report by bill or otherwise. to introduce a bill (S. No. 210) to return to William B. Isaacs & Co., of Richmond, Virginia, certain coin covered into the Treasury of the REPEAL OF THE BAJI.Jffi.UPT LAW. United States; which was read twice by its title, referred to the Mr. ED~fUNDS. As the time is "'Oing on, I move te postpone the Committee on Claims, and ordered to be printed. present and all prior orders and take up the bankrupt bHl. Let us l\1r. SPE:NCER asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave see if we cannot determine whether it shall be refened or not. to introduce a bill (S. No. 211) to.amend the charter of the Columbia The PRESIDENT pro ternpm·e. Is ihere objection to the motion Railway Company of the District of Columbia; which was read twice made by the Senator from Vermont Y The Chair hea,rs none, and the_ by its title and referred to the Committee on the District of Colum bill will be read the second time. bm. The bill (H. R. No. 792) to repeal an act entitled" An act to estab Mr. BUCKINGHAM asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, lish a uniform system of bankruptcy throughout the United States," leave to introduce a biU (S. No. 212) authorizing the Secretary of the approved March 2, 1867, and all laws or parts of laws amendatory Interior to use, for the removal of the Kickapoo Indians and other In thereto, was r ead the second time by its title. dians on the borders of Texa~ and :Mexico, to the Indian Territory, Mr. EDMUNDS. I move that this bill be referred in the usual way and for their support after such removal, the unexpended balance of to the Committee on the Judiciary. I know there is an earnest desire appropriations made for the above purpose by acts approved July 15, in some parts of the country-and a sincere one and one based upon 1870, and March 3, 1871; which was read twice by its title, refeiTed s9me grievances which I can see clearly-that this bill should pass to the Committee on Indian Affairs, and ordered to be printed. as it is and be a total repeal of the existing law. But I am satisfied Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, myself (though I am not going to make a speech about it) that there leave to introduce a bill (S. No. 213) providing for the printing of the will be infinite injury with danger to the country in its financial con annual report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for the year 1872 dition with a total and absolute repeal. I am satisfied that if the and the year 1873; which was read twice by its title, referred to the subject can be considered by the Committee on the Judiciary we Committee on Printing, and ordered to be printed. shall be able, with a considerable if not an entire degree of unanimity, l\1r. WRIGHT asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to to report a bill which will relieve the present law of the obnoxious · introduce a bill (S. No. 214) for the relief of Robert Coles; which feature that it now is said to contain and which to an extent I be was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Public lieve it does contain, by which oppression is practiced, and still leave Lands. the debtor class and the creditor cla.Bs the means of justice and 1\I.J:. ANTHONY asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave equality in commercial enterprises and in commercial securities, and to introduce a bill ( S. No. 215) in relation to the printing of the Bien to take it out of the power of any one 'man or any one party of men nial Re~~ister, commonly called the Blue Book; which was read twice to do wrong upon either side, either in cheating creditors or oppress by its title, and referred to the Committee on Printing. ing debtors. ·with that view, I hope there will be no objection on the part of REPEAL OF THE B.Al\"XRUPT LAW. Senators who now think there should be a total repeal, but who I Mr. THURMAN. Mr. President, in order that the bill may be read feel sure I could convince, if I had the health and the time, that it a second time to-day, I move that the Senate proceed to the considera would be better to modify the law and to modify it so as to affect tion of House bill No. 792, to repeal the bankrupt act. even present proceedings in respect to compo ition deeds and other Mr. SUMNER. I object to that until we get -through with the things of that kind, to letting it go to the committee without press morning business. ing a debate on its pa sage now. .l\1r. THURl\!AN. I only ask that the bill may be read a second l\1r. CONKLING. Mr. President, the only doub.t I ha,ve about tho mo time; it will take but a moment. tion of the honorable Sen:1 tor from V ormont depends upon the q ueation 250 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. D ECE1\IDER 17' whether we are mos-1! certain to act on this subject before the holiday a undoubtedly it can to meet the wishes of a majority of the Senate rece s with or mthout .a reference to the committee. The House and I should say almost all, because I think I understand my friend's oill has now ueen read twice; if it lies on the table it is always within views pretty well on the general subject-it would not be much the power of the Senate. The Committee on the Judiciary has before easier to have it disposed of in the House of Representatives on an it already not only the subject of the bankruptcy act, but several amendment :proposed between the two Houses to this bill than it bills which constitute adequate foundation for any report the com would on an mdependent bill sent by us over there Y mittee may make. These bills have also been read a first and second Mr. CO~KLING . I am inclined to think the Senator is right in time, and are therefore as far advanced as the pending bill will be that. There is a good answer to his suggestion, however. If the Judi should it be re:ported back by the committee, except that this bill ciary Committee shall report amendments commanding the assent of has ah·eady rece1ved the favorable action of the House of Represent a majority of the Senate, nothing can be ea..sier, with the bill lying atives. Should we amend it-should the committee propose to on the table, when it is taken up, than to ingraft these amendments amend it, and the Senate ratify the action of the committee-it must upon it; whereas if it should turn out that the Judiciary Com.mlttee go back to the House with no better opportunity of becorrring a law shall make no report, or.·none satisfactory to the Senate, then this than either of the other bills to which I refer, now in the custody of bill lying on the tabl~ keeps it constantly~ the hands of a majority the committee, should they be moved as amendments to the House of the body to take 1t up and act upon 1t whenever the majority b~ . shall please. Therefore, Mr. President, I suggest a question for the consideration 1\IT. THURMAN. Mr. President, I rose at the same time with the of Senators : the Committee on the Judiciary having already juris Senator from New York to say substantially what he has said. diction of the subject; having, besides the power of every committee Therefore I shall not repeat what h e has said. I am very anxious itself to originate a bill, several bills which have already. been read that this subject shall be acted upon before the recess. I believe the twice, will it not be better, in the opinionofthosewhothink asi think, best way is, the bill havin,g been read the second time, to let it lie on that early action should be taken on the subject, to allow the House the table, and if the Judiciary Committee propose amendments to the bill t.o lie on the table, allowing the Committee on the Judiciary to bankrupt act, let them be moved as amendments to this bill and let make any report which that committee may make in season for action us send it back to the House for the concurrence of the House in those by the two Houses before the holidays, and thus reserve a double amendments. I hope, therefore, that the bill will be left on the table, probability of action upon this question 7 I suggest this course for instead of bein remedies. The financial problem is one of wide SCO£e. It embraces specie payments, but they serve to confi.tm the belief that resump the questions of debt and taxation, of bankin/? and currency, which tion is impossible with our present redtmdant volume of paper. · are in a great measure bound up together. No system can work a Waiving this question for the present, I wish to direct your attention final and complete restoration which does not deal with all these to some further observations on the subject of taxation, to which we parts. Each in their turn is more or less intimately associated with are invited by the condition of exchange and tl.'ade as bearing with the industry and commerce of the country, thestan.danl of value, and considerable directness and force upon any scheme of finance cal- the rise and fall of prices. . culated to meet the exigency in ·which we find ourselves. Especially is the currency closely connected with all the varied in The complete view of a question upon all sides leads to the terests of our daily affairs. In the exchanges of trade-in the work soundest conclusions. The late Secretary of the Treasury was not of preduction-in the compensations of labor, and in every business without some warrant for his statement that "large as the revenues transaction it enters as a principal agent. The evils of its present of the country have been during the last three years, our system of depreciated and inconvertible character are apparent. I wish I could taxation has not been oppressive to individuals, nor has it, in any congratula.te the country upon having made progress toward a better sensible degree, embarrassed the business of the country." currency. Since the close of the war there has been ample time for I cannot assent to this proposition in its full scope. The daily experi a long step in stability, security, and confidence. To be sure, the ence of the mass of our people is a standing challenge to its correctness. public debt has been diminished, and all doubt of its ultimate pay No gloss can make a taxation of over three hundred millions a year ment is removed. The process of refunding has been carried to a other than a burden. It must come out of the industry of the people, ~oint, sometimes by extraordinary methods, which shows progress. except so fu as it may be balanced by the protection of duties. The l'he public credit abroad has been at times somewhat improved. strain upon the resources of the country has been severe, and amid the The taxes have been reduced and, in so far as they bore directly upon increased expenditure, defalcation, and waste, the people have submit our domestic interests, with due regard to our circumstances. On ted to the burden imposed upon them by their desire to see the national the other hand the expenditures of the Government have not been obligations fulfilled and the national credit maintained. It is to the rctrench~d with a firm and unsparing hand, nor thus far with any patience and patriotism of the masses rather than to the wisdom and perceptible advantage to the country. Official duties have not been economy of the Administration that this large sum has· been so cheer at all times discharged with economy, zeal, and integrity. So what fully furnished. It will not do to say that our burdens in this respect, ever improvement we note is mainly owing to the fortunate state heavy a-s they seem, are light compared with those which have been of our national growth and elastic vigor. Wise management has borne by many other nations. It is true Great Britain paid three hun done very little for us, but favorable natural conditions and inepres dred millions of taxes in 1816, the load falling practically upon not more sible vitality have saved us from frequent disheartening revulsions. than ten millions of population, and being aggravated, too, by a vicious, "While it is true that no nation ever emerged from a gigantic and intricate, and confused system of taxation. It is also true that the ag prolonged conflict and resumed the career of peace with o little dis gregate product of the taxes levied through theNapoleonic war reached tress, it must be borne in mind that no other nation has been so the prodigious sum of six billions five hundred millions of dollars, favorably circumstanced. England, wiser than ourselves in some re ( 6,500,000,000,) and it was said by some that the capital of the country spects, came out of the long and. arduous struggle at the beginnin~ was as great as it would have been had the war never occurred. But of the present century with a recurrence of commercial panics ana. the revulsions, failure , prostration, and ruin that followed, declare calamitous disorders of which we have not yet had a complete coun the fallacy of this statement. The deduction was based upon the terpart. Some other nations have been even less fortunate. When assumption that the increase of industry and economy added to this compelled to adopt the usual resort of forced loans and paper money, additional burden had, in itself, been sufficient to pay the cost of the they have generally repudiated the claims of creditors and exhausted war. Such may be the effect of taxation within a moderate limit. the resources of subjects. ·when it is so adjusted that it does not foster immodeTate profits or Our history and opportunities have been different. At the close of monopoly at home, or from its magnitude discourage production or the rebellion our traditional policy at once directed us to the ways of consumption, it may sometimes have the opposite tendency of stimu peace. Our cheap and fertile lands and our opening springs of trade lating increased exertion and industry. The class taxed seek, bythis offered inducements to our enterprising and active people. So it only augmented effort, to compensate for the exaction and so make itself remained for the Government to enforce rigid economy in all the de whole. Som~times it excites inventive enterprise, and ingenuity is partments and practices of the public service, and gradually retrace quickened to find out ways of larger production in order to balance our steps until we rea.ched the normal condition from which we the loss. I believe it is true that the stimulus of taxation has here bad departed during the period of the war. The swollen volume wrought some improvements in the methods of produc·tion; but these of inconvertible currency should have been gradua,lly reduced as a possible compensations have not been a match for the oppressiveness first vital step in the right direction. Such a prudent and conservar and demoralization which have resulted on the other hand. Instead ti ve course, coupled with the singular buoyancy, the bounding activity, of greater frugality growing out of the increased burden, we have and the measureless resources, capacity, and opportunities of .American had the extravagance and overdoing which follow in the train of enterprise, would have averted general derangement and distress. large expenditures and a buoyant and inflated paper currency. At least they would have served to counterbalance evils inseparable Then again the effect of a high tax upon importations is to encour from our condition. As it is, these natural advantages and our na age smuggling and fraud. Keeping pace with this is the inducement tional characteristics have operated, in some degree, as a protection to revenue officers to take arbitrary, not to say unwarrantable, steps against the crippling effect of falling prices, the fluctuations, and the in the endeavor to effect seizures and extort penalties, the proof of paralysis usually following the unbending from the feverish strain which is obtainable in nearly every port of entl'y on our coast. Es and inflated standard of war to the more natural s+ate of peace. pecially has this avaricious zeal been illustrated in onr principal sea In the speech which I had the honor of addressing this body on board city. High taxes, exorbitant profits, and great temptations the 25th of February, 1H70, I remarked: "Glancing at what I have are the natural prelude to tyranny of wealth and a corruption of the said, I repeat that the rescue of the nation from the evils of our vast public conscience. And not the least evil of this condition is the fact depreciated inconvertible cmTency and its restoration to the specie that the laws, and the practices under cover of them, secure to cap basis are urgently required by every vital and wholesome interest; ital and the favored few undue accumulation over honest personal that the determination of the exact amount of currency demanded exertion. by the wants of the country is an indefinite and, comparatively, an Our financial situation has been· distinguished by two features. On unimportant problem-inflation on the one hand causing such a rise the one hand taxation, swollen and amplified by the inexorable de of prices that there would be the same stringency as before-con mands of a gigantic and prolonged war, has pres ed upon us with its traction on the other hand causing such a decline of prices that the complicated burdens. On the other side, an inflated currency and smaller volume would entirely suffice-that the volume will adjust the activity created by war lL:'lve raised prices and stimulated pro itself when we adopt correct principles and start upon the right jects upon a fictitious standard, and imparted an air of buoyancy and path-that the true situation is when specie payments may be re speculative spirit to our commercial life. The latter bas served to sumed and m::tintained, and, finally, that this is impossible under make the former seem less oppreesive, while in fact it has led to our present expanded currency." I also endeavored to maintain continual excess. We have met high prices with high nominal re "that, while the scrupulous observance of the public faith is clearly sources. The exhilarance of this elastic vitality has served to balance enjoined upon us, a successful funding scheme, with new guarantees the pall of taxation. as erted, would tend to this result ; and, lastly, that the reduction of But we must descend from this elevated plane of hollow prosperity taxation is highly important to the relief of the country, during this to the level of solid values and stable security. We must get back period of shrinking values, crippled industry, and inert trade, and some way, and it is for us to determine whether it shall be by the that this is not inconsistent with adequate revenue and payment of abrupt and ruinous process or by well-prepared and comparatively the national debt in the course of fifty years." easy methods.· The return, at best, is as arduous and tryillg as the These words touched upo~ all the salient features of our financial ascent was smooth and fascinating. Already, instead of expanded pToblem, and outlined a general policy. Three years and more have prices and inspirited activity we have seen shrinking values and de elapsed since these principles were thus stated, and in the subsequent pressed enterprise. Men less easily pay their debts-some are pushed course of events I see, in the confirmation of their general truth, a to bankruptcy-producers receive less for their productions, business reason for their reiteration. The refunding of the debt has been is restive, and the laborer in many districts is out of employment. commenced. The policy of reduced taxation, especially internal .I have heretofore expressed the opinion that we might properly taxation, has been adopted. The fluctuations of the currency may distribute the payment of our national debt through a period of fifty not have taught everybody the folly of attempting to fix the exact years. Honor is due to a people who uncomplainin~ly pay at the rate amount. required by the wants of the country compatible with of $100,0007000 a year, lmt no credit is due to an administration of .------~------~------~~-- 252 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.'· DECEMBER 17, affairs which enjoins it when a less sum is the better rule of economy. its creation to an excel!lsive and depreciated money condition, it will Instea,d, attention should have been directed to our unredeemed and be found still more onerous and vexatious. There must be some pri· depreciated currency, and a part of these enormous collections left vation, some suffering. Even thou~h hard at first, we must return with the people to ofiSet the shrinka.ge of values attendant upon a to the practice of frugality and industry. An example to the whole return to the specie condition. I do not assert that we can reduce people of these cardinal virtues should come from the state, and no the aggregate receipts from tax sources at present; and while we per one can furnish it with such beneficent effect as the chief officer of mit no actual increase the conditions may be at once improved. the Governm~t, supported by a g7eat and powerful party. Instead I am here met with the official statement that our revenues are al of an expenditure by the Government of over 27,000,000 more for ready falling off and are insufficient for the wants of the Govern the past fiscal year than for the previous one, we must have a de ment. True ; but thls does not impair the force of my argument. If crease of twice 21;000,000. It is now excessive; it would then be the causes of om· diminishing revenues were not transient I should ample. still claim that we ought to meet all deficits, and more, by the prac It will be borne in mind that a large amount of our indebtedne s tice of economy. This recourse wouldfurnishan unfailing supply of is held in Europe; and the interest and so much of the principal as full $50,000,000 annually, which now goes out in defalcation, fraud, we annually pay goes out of the cotmtry, to remain until we have and extravagance. But as we now go, swellinO' the volume of cur something to buy it back with. Of this indebtedness there are rency by at least $44,000,000, who can dou];!t that importations will national bonds, State bonds, municipal bonds, railroad bonds, and so not again swell, and, may be, overleap all previous bo~ds Y So, too, on-in all, upon the best information I have, full $2,500,000,000. In of internal taxe . But I pass from this question of revenue. My point addition to this, the balance of trade against us during the years alone now is to show that it is only a simple and safe course to adjust the from June 30, 18G8. to June 30, 1873, as shown by the Treasury tables inequalities and hardships of taxation while we moderately contract of exports and imports, was 300,000,000. We were likewise in debt the paper currency in the road to specie payments. In doing this we to Europe from this source previous to 1868; and it is apparent that may reimpose a small duty on tea and coffee, and thus offset immedi a part of these securities have been absorbed in arranging such in ate or prospective reductions in other quarters. It is always a relia. debtedness, instead of bringing to the country actual cash value at bJe source of revenue, and never much felt by the consumer because the time. In other words it was paying for what we had already seldom affecting the price. It may be taken as a postulate, and veri consumed. fied by experience, that moderate taxes within rational limits are It may be admitted that inflat.ed and inconvertible paper money more reliable as well as more productive of revenue than high taxes. leads to an expansion of debt, visionary schemes, wild speculation, It is not my purpose to enter upon the disputed problems which and extravagance, and at last to frightful disasters and wide-spread gather around the discussion of protection upon the one hand and free distress. The men of business and the men of wealth are not alone trade upon the other. The policy of adjusting the collection of rev in jeopardy. The great laboring population suffer largely from enue so as to protect in some degree specific branches of industry, such an irregular and unnatural state of things. Their wages in has obtained in our legislation, and for the present, at least, is hardly crea ed, but not in proportion to general prices. It may be that in the an open question. In what I have said upon this point I have been two year closing the 1st of September last prices depreciated more guided by a desire to show that in returning to a sound financial con rapidly than wages but when they were on the a cendinfl' scale the dition every interest of the Government and of the people concur in former outstriped the latter; and, taking the whole period together, the policy of moderate taxes. the co t of living has advanced more than the means of support. It It is claimed that the value of our money is gradually and steadily is also true that our agricultural intere ts have borne more of tho advanci:11g. If the premium on gold be the true index it is not so burden and received less of the profits of the past unequal years. It clear. But without accepti:og this fluctuating scale as at all times should be kept in mind that the treaslll.'Y from which we must draw the correct measure-remem bering that gold is a commodity, and low the means for the ultimate extinguishment of our great debt is because of the scanty demand- and taking the general range of mainly in the resources of the soil. Our other favoring advantages,. prices as the more reliable standard, it is true that there has been a which are greatly beyond any other nation of the present day, rest rise in the value of money. It has acquired greater purchasing power. upon this basis. The soil is our latent capital, and the prosperity Shall we take advantage of this factY If we make any permanent of the cotmtry will be enhanced by offering the greatest encourage_. progress toward specie payments it must be attended by an apprecia ment to labor in the simple form necessary to its development. There tion of the currency. Such progress we all profess to seek, and to would be little reason to complain if a prudent and stable system of it we claim to direct the policy of the country. To accomplish finance had been inaugurated. it the circulating medium must be brought to the measure of specie. As seen, the existence of a depreciated currency ha-s not operated This may be done by a gradual and moderate reduction of the quan to raise the price of the staple products of the farm, while almost tity of paper. At least this is the way which does not lead up to everything else has felt the influence in increa ed price. The reason dazzling heights and down to horrible depths. I do not know what of this is to be found in the fact that we export the surplus of our gentlemen mean when they speak of an "equalization of the com farm staples, and the value is measured by the stand:1rd of other mercial val tie of the paper currency with coin," unless it be upon the countrie , which is gold. Thus, what our wheat is worth in gold for basis of the latter. The principle for which I contend has been well shipment fixes the value of the entire crop. As a remedy for thi!:l stated by a distinguished political economist in the following clea,r disadvantage, and in order to save the agricultural interest and the and compact form: laborer from further unequal and unnecessary hardship, the currency When a country issue inconvertible paper notes, they cannot be exported to other should be restored to a healthy and normal sta e with the lea t practi countries in the event of their becoming redundant at home; and whenever, under cable delay. such circumstances, the exchange with foreign states is depressed below, or the Again, when we look at our import and export busine s we :fincl price of bullion rises above its mint price more than the co. t of sending coin or there is something wrong there. Overtrading, the waiting-maid of bullion abroad, it shows conclusively that too much paper has been issued, and that its value is depreciated from excess. an inflated currency, here too frequently exhibits it elf. High imposts in vain attempt to correct it. An examination leads at once to the There is still another point which urgently demands a return to fact that the effect of a derangement of the currency is to derange the gold standard. Inordinate debt and speculation, entered into in trade. To be sm·e the developments are not uniform. I clo not con time· of peace, is mainly the offspring of an excessive and vitiated cur with a prominent Senator on this floor, as reported at a recent lec currency. I gave it as my best judgment, in some views submitted ture by him in New York, that an unfavorable balance of trade is to the Senate during the last session, that the individual indebted the prime cause of our financial evils. It is bad enough, but, more ness of the country was full $8,000,000,000. After a careful exam strictly speaking, an unfavorable balance is rather the effect than inatit>n of the subject since I am sure I did not overstate the the cause. While, therefore, a more favorable state of trade to us is amount. The late Census Report gives the public indebtedness of altogether desirable we shall best promote such a condition by mak the States, including that of cities, counties, and towns, at a little ing our currency equivalent to gold. The i:mmense expansion of 1836 less than 900,000,000. From the search I have been able to make of carried the consumption of foreign commodities up to $10.93 per cap statistics bearing upon this point I am persuaded that this sum is ita under a medium tariff; while under a still lower one in 1840, the $250,000,000 -too small. Take the case of New York as an illustration. expansion was but $5.21. In this connection it is not out of place to The Census Report puts it down at 150,000,000. But by a carefully refer to the coincident increase of trade in the two most notable pe prepared statement of the late constitutional commission of that riods of currency expansion in our previous history. I embrace the State, made March 1, 1873, the aggregate bonded indebtedness of year just mentioned, and come forward to another which is still fresh cities, villages, counties, and towns is ~iven at $214,000,000. So I in our recollection. I do not here dwell upon the effects of the tariff, consider myself safe in stating that the mdebtedness of the country because it does not bear upon my argument upon this point. I only - national, State, local, and individual- cannot fall much short of ask that it be kept in mind that taxation not only_ fails as a remedy 12,000,000,000. To any other people such an enormous indebtedness for such a condition, but may even aggravate the difficulty. would be appalling; to us the le son is obvious. But this is not alL I have not inc1 uded the railroad bond and mortgage indebtedness, which .Amount of .Amount of .Amount of .A.moun.t of must come up to $600,000,000; it is probably more. So, without em Year. currency. imports. cmTenoy. imports. bracing current business obligations, such as bank loans, discounts, IY= and other business paper, the amount of interest alone that we pay 1835 .•.. 186, 000, 000 149,895,742 77,000, 000 $261,468,520 annll.<'tlly, at home or abroad-or ought to pay-I suppose is fully 1836 ..•. 255, 000, 000 189,9 0, 035 1856 ..• 408, 000, 000 314, 63!), 942 $720,000,000. No matter to whom paid, so far as it affects industry. 1837 .... 276, 000, 000 140, 989, 217 1857 . .. 445, 000, 000 360, 890, 141 This is the substratum upon which all indebtedness rests. 1838 .•.. 200, 000, 000 113,717, 404 1 1858'~'- ... 341, 000, 000 282,613, 1\5{1 The payment of debt is always troublesome; but, so far as it owes -· 1873. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 253 In the amount of currency as here given I embrace both the circu remain there. And it is this theory which affords the libertyformen lation and deposits. The affini~observable in this table is broken, as to say, , "Let things alone; natural causes will soon bridge over the will be seen, only in a single instance, and that is capable of a special ex chasm which now sepru:ates coin from paper." The reasoning is spe planation, as of a condition somewhat similar during the last three or cious and altogether umeliable. four months. If we were to examine the statistics of exports for the Then, again, it is said we have none too much currency now for same periods we shoula perceive a corresponding tendency to decline, the business of the country. I do not here discuss the question of though not as certain a-nd uniform as the increase of imports. It amount ; I only say we cannot restore and maintain specie payment will not do to congratulate ourselves on the past fall trade as a real . upon the present volume. In some remarks heretofore upon this change in our favor. Whatever there is of it may be traced to tran point I said, if it is contended we have none too much currency for sient and extraordinary causes. If it were otherwise, our case would the requirements of business, I fully concur that we have none too be even more critical, in that it would be evidence of a diRturbed much at present prices If it is said we ought to have twice as much, condition in Europe, which might tend to weaken confidence~ our I concur tha.t twice a-s much would not be too large a sum for the securities which are held there. Our indebtedness over the sea 1s so conditions which would then exist. If it is said we ought to have great and our commercial relations are so intimate and dependent less currency, I do not question that less would suffice with the fall that trouble there would increase our embarrassment here. of prices which would accompany the reduction of volume. In one Here! am naturally led to the inquiry as to the amount of gold in sense there never can be a r edundancy of currency, for prices adjust the country and its supply. The amount in the States east of the themselyes to the amount, and the more there is issued the more there Rocky l\fountains in 18til has been given by competent authority at is needed to make exchanges. Let us look at this matter in the light · $165,000,000. The annual productions of t he mines avera~e about of history. The total bank circulation of England, as shown by the $60,000,000, making a total for the thirteen years beginnmg with letter of Mr. George Walker, some time ago, was in 186ti less by two the fiscal year which closed June 30, 1861, and ending June 30, 1873, million dollars than in 1844. The debate on the currency in the of about $780,000,000. The imports of coin for the same period were English Parliament in July last disclosed the fact that the bank-note $244,459,652. On the other hand, the exports of coin and bullion circulation h as not been increased one dollar in thirty yeru:s past, amounted to $922,641,003. Allowance must also be made for a por although business has more than quadrupled. Our ca-se does not bear tion of the production of the mines which have been employed in an exact analogy; but the truth is, neither here nor there is money the arts. What amount has been devoted to this use cannot be accu needed for its own sake. Apart from being the standard of value, its rately determined; but if I fix it at $120,000,000 for the thirteen great purpose is to serve as the ~edium of exchange, as the instru years it will be low enough. Treating the amolmt brought into the ment with which transfers are made and indebtedness discharged. country by immigrants as o1fset by the amount taken away by travel In the case of England the eX]_)lanation is very simple. A large ers, the balance will stand thus: amount of the business is done without the handling of money, as is Coin in 1861 __ . __...... ••. .••..• .•..• ••..••.••.•...... $165,000,000 more and more the practice in this country, and especially in the city Production of mines for thirteen years...... 780, 000, 000 of New York. Bank-checks and bills of exchange in Great Britain Imports for same time ...... -...... 244, 459, 652 are the ordinary mediums of commerce. With us, deposits, checks, ,1, 189, 459, 652 drafts, and other banking instrumentalities, are year by year more Exports for thirteen years. . • • .. • .. . . • .. • . . .. . • • . . . . • . • $922, 641, 003 lru:gely employed. These, with the vast increase in the rapidity and Used in the arts...... 120,000,000 extent of internal communication, enable the same -volume to effect a ----- 1, Q42, 641,003 large number of transactions. The real question is, what amount of currency can be maintained Coin in Atlantic States, 1873 ...... _ ...... -- 146, 816,649 upon a specie basis Experience teaches that the true relation is I have no doubt this sum is equal to the present amount of specie, a bout one to three. In other words, from 1838 to 1857 there was a little notwithstanding the larger importations during the fall months-a less than three dollars of paper circulation to every dollar of specie sum about equal to the annual interest upon our indebtedness held in the banks. The· largest circulation ever known in this country abroad. To state the case another way : The average amount in the before the war was in 1857, when it ran up to $214,778,822. The Treasury during the past few years has been about eighty million disproportion of specie reserve from paper was then nearly four to one. dollars. The banks hold also possibly twenty-five million dollars, A sinlilar case was presented in 1837 and the disaster of suspension fol and forty million dollars would be a liberal estimate for all that may lowed in both periods, as is well known. In the former year, before be found in other hands; making not far from one hundred and forty specie payments could be resumed and maintained, the paper was five million dollars, or less than one dollar of specie to every five of reduced over forty million dollars and in the later period over thiJ:ty the paper issues. How are specie payments to be maintained with million dollars. True, the country has made great progress, but the such a disproportion f Gold, if left free, will tend in the direction law of money is the_same now as heretofore. There is still required where there is the greatest demand. It may accumulate from tempo an approximate relative proportion in the adjustment of currency rru:y causes for a brief period, even when there is a redundancy of upon a safe and sound basis. paper currency, but it will surely flow away again to other countries But it is interposed that a reduction of the volume of paper money where it will have employment as a standard of value. We have, as would produce corresponding stringency and distress. Yet, distress matters now stand, little reason to hope for any permanent accumu we now have and are to have, in the end still more severe, if we pur lation here. This position is fortified by the movements of specie sue the opposite course. The recent crisis, which brought prostration during the last six years : and ruin to almost every department of industry and trade, is alike an example and a warning. My desire is to adopt the plan which EXPORTS. will prevent a recurrence of like disasters. In a word, to simplify DIPORTS. the financial machinery, curtail expenditures and steadily advance toward the specie condition. Theoretically ail admit the importance Year. Amount. Year. Amount. of a return, but most persons are reluctant to do what will insure it. During the war, and for se-veral years after, there was but one view of the currency question that found public utterance. Chase, Fessen 1868 ...... 14,188,168 1868 ...... $93, 784, 102 den, and McCulloch concurred in opinion. So 'intent upon the work 1869 -...... -...... 19, 807, 876 1869 . : .... · ------57, 1:!8, ~0 1870 ...... 26,419,179 1870 ------58,155,666 of contraction was Secretary McCulloch in 1866, that the business 1871 ...... -- ... - • . .. • • . . 21, 270, 024 1871 ...... 98, 441,988 men of the West and Southwest asked." to have a limit fixed to the 1872 ...... 13,743,689 1872 ...... '79 877 534 amount of currency to be withdrawn by him each month. In obedi 1873 ...... ---- .... -.. --- 21, 480, 937 1873- ...... ------84; 6os; 571 ence to this demand the Senate added to a resolution indorsing the Secretary's policy of contraction this proviso, "That_ of United It thus appears that during these six years the net exports of specie States notes not more than ten million dollars may be retir ed and amounted to 355,096,268, while the whole production of the mines for canceled within six months from the passage of this act, and there the corresponding period has been $360,000,000. after not more than four million dollars in any one month." This leads me to repeat that for a resumption by the Government Subsequently the amount of currency was limited to $356,000,000, there must be a reduction of paper, so that paper and specie-shall and, as you know, the policy of contraction was abandoned. - Suppose bear a recognized relation to each other. Does the practice of the we had continued retiring the paper money at a moderate r ate, ancl Government give us any hope of this ¥ I concede that the ultimate in the same ratio put the gold into circulation which we have kept ~onsequences of a steady flow of gold and silver from .America and in the Treasury; the process would uot have continued long before Australia into Europe are to raise general prices throughout the world. the Government would have been in a situation -to resume without I am aware that an able writer in France, whose work has lately ap producing serious hardship. peared, supported by a recent English authority, takes the other view, I hardly need say that I am in favor of the pending resolution offered but I am led to admit that the purchasing power of gold in Europe by my associate upon the Committee on Finance, lli. BAY.AB.D, and 1 mllSt decrease; that it has somewhat already. So, if we could limit likewise support the one introduced by the chairman, .Mr. SHER..~IAN, the volume of our currency, avoid heavy taxation, profligate expend so far as it may be construed to favor a return of specie payments. Of H:ure, panics, and revulsions, and steadily maintain our national credit, other propositions, the bet:tt I have seen is the· bill of my honorable I suppose we should finally rea-eh a normal condition of trade and friend, l\Ir. Sm.crnR. If it does not wholly warrant the hope of specie money. Of course such a.n improbable state of trade and such im resumption, at least it would prevent our getting further off from it. probable conduct of Government would tend to equalize our paper I thank him for this contribution on behalf of a question the importance with gold. Gold would return to us when an increase of quantity of which to our whole people cannot be overestimated. I should have and enhanced prices abroad no longer offered inducements for it to rejoiced had tho President and Secretary of the Treasury done so much. 254 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEMBER 17, It may be admitted by all that a. well-matured plan by them, by rea.- Indeed, the reasoning is fallacious. The proposition, reduced to its . son of their commandin~ position, would have given impetus to our -practical terms, simply requires the banks to pay 4 per cent. for the work and increased confidence to the people. What have they done Y privilege of using money which they loan at 7 per cent., or even a In the ~eneral treatment of the financial question the message of the hig?-er rate. ~lany of them have been paying 4 per cent. for deposits one ana the report of the other fully agree. Both seem to deprecate which they nnght be called upon to restore at any time. Why should any direct inflation of the currency. Both concede the importance of the:Y not be glad to pay 4 per. cent. for the equivalent of deposits resuming specie payments. They admit that r esumption cannot be w ~c~ they need pay only at therr own plea,sure' Would it not be for effected without a change in the existing condition, either by an therr ~terest to secll!e such an issue, an-d, securing it, to keep it as long enlargement of the stock of coin or a contraction of the volume of as possible Y There 1s another, and even more conclusive view of this paper. Both urge the necessity of what is called "elasticity of the case. Independent of the consideration just presented 'what reason currency," and suggest substantially the same plan for accomplishing is there to believe that if there were such au issue it would be returned at this object. In a word, they are both right in some of their general any tune for cancellation? The increased issue would increase prices· teachings, and they are both wr~ng in their practical recommenda more money would be required to transact the same business and tions. They assert that sound policy and public interest· dictate a there would be just as great a stringency as before. The present bank return to the specie basis, and that there is no real safety or perma note cir_culation is about ~hree hundred and~ million dollars. Forty nent prosperity in any other condition. This is alike just and gratify per cent. ofthataruountls$140,000,000. The Issue of any such sum in ing, as a truth vitally connected with the welfare o~ the country. But stead of affording real relief, would expand prices so that the' in when we advance from general statements to the specific propositions, creased volume would be just as necessary for the business of the we find that the former are not borne. out by the latter. The first country as the smaller volume was before. For this reason the notes miticism which suggests itself is, that whilethePresident very prop would not be re~ned .for cancellation, a.nd the measure would pro erly assumes the importance of specie resumption, he not only does not duce permanent rnfl.ation. We are having a small edition of this point out the way, but points j1·6rn the way. The Secretary, indeed, policy now, and its effect in Wall street and in some other directions says "the volume of currency must be reduced, or that of coin greatly is plainly seen. increased;" and, apparently adopting the latter alternative, he sug In conclusion, am I not warranted in saying that we find no sum gests that the banks be prohibited from selling the gold received by guide in the words of these two State papers We must therefore them as interest upon their bonds pledged to secure circulation, and look for ~ght from some other quarter, and acting at last upon ou.J: thus an accommodation shall be effected. - own best Judgment, we can hardly fail to adopt that wiser course which But the Secretary greatly errs in assuming that the one proposition is is supported alike by philosophy and experience. We shall thus save the equivalent of the other. A contraction of the currency woulcllead the country from a further career of financial demoralization with its to resumption, because the decrease of the volume would increase attendant disasters, so fatal to national morality and true progre s. the value until it was appreciated to par with gold. But to leave the .Mr. CROZIER. I desire to submit some remarks to the Senate on volume of paper the same, and simply increase the stock of gold, a bill that I introduced the other clay, and I therefore ask that the would in no sense appreciate the value of the paper. Why is the paper pending resolution may be laid aside for the purpose of proceeclin(J' depreciated f It may be that its irredeemability has something to do to the consideration of that bill. It is of the very crreatest conse~ with it. But it cannot be the chief reason, for in 1~62, though specie quence to my people. After I have explained it, I p~opose to move payment had been suspended and the bank notes were not redeem its reference to the Judiciary Committee. able, yet they were not depreciated as compared with coin. They Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. I have not been able to hear there even remained without depreciation for months, until the new issufls marks of the honorable Senator. · of greenbacks were emitted and the volume of paper began to The PRESIDING OFFICER, (Mr. SARGENT in the chair.) The increase. There is no want of confidence in the security upon which Senator from Kansas moves that the pending resolution be laid aside our present currency is based. The depreciation is due, then, to the in order that the Senate take up for consideration a measure affect redundancy of the volume, and an increase in the stock of gold would ing the pe9ple of Kansas. not remove it. Even if the stock were increased until the ordinary :Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. I am extremely anxious to ask the Sen proportion of coin to paper in time of specie payment, had been ate to consider the naval deficiency bill, of which I g:tve notice yes accumulated, it would not help the ma,tter. The gold would be de terday, but certainly I do not desire to interfere with the Senator preciated- that is, cheapened as mea,sured by the standard of general from Kansas. prices- but the paper would not be appreciated. If redemption or Mr. CROZIBR. I shall not detain the Senate long. resumption were undertaken under such circumstances, it could not l\fr. MORRILL, of Maine. I give notice, then, that, at the .conclu be maintained, for the reason that the coin, being worth less here, sion of the remarks of the Senator, I shall ask the Senate to take wonld flow abroad, where it was worth more. The Secretary con up the naval deficiency appropriation bill. cedes that there should be no further inflation of the currency, but Mr. McCREERY. I wish to make an inquiry of the Chair. I have he seems to forget that to attempt resumption by the accumulation agreed to give way to the chairman of the Committee on Appropria of gold is simply to swell the present volume by so much addition of tions, in order tha;t he may submit his bill, with the understanding specie as would, in the opinion of the Secretary, suffice to maintain that the Senate will allow me the floor to-morrow at the expiration constant convertibility. The inconsistency as well as the fallacy of t he morning hour. of his position is apparent. The least we can do is not to add so l\fr. SHERMAN. I trust the Senator from Kansas will be allowed much outright, but to replace paper with gold to the required extent. no rr to proceed with his remarks without any further interruption. This would not involve contraction, but on the other hand it would l\Ir. CROZIER. What I desire is that the pending resolution be not involve ·inflation. laid aside informally. Apparently of t he opinion, however, that immediate resumption is The PRESIDING OFFICER. It is moved that the pending reso impracticable, both the President and the Secretary share a too com lution be laid a,side informally. mon idea, that the usefulness of our existing cn.lTency would be The motion was agreed to. enhanced if it could somehow acquire "elasticity," so that it might adapt itself to the fluctuating demands of changing seasons. This SETTLERS 0~ OSAGE CEDED LANDS. means inflation- au irredeemable currency grows wit h what it feeds Mr. CROZIER. I now m ve that the Senate take up Senate bill on, and once out, it does not voltmtarily retm'Il. (No. 165) for the relief of the settlers on the Osage ceded lands. The Pre ident is right in saying "the exact medium is specie, the The motion was agreed to. recognized medium of exchange the world over; that obtained, we l\Ir. CROZIER. I ask that the bill be reported in full. I t is a very shall have a currency of an e:Kact degree of elasticity." At the same short one. · time be seems to cherish the idea that the attribute of elasticity can The Chief Clerk read the bill as follows : be artificially given by means of legislation to our paper currency. I Be it enacted, &c., That the Attorney-General of the Uuited States shall cause to do not mis tate him, but commisserate the error apparent in this con be instituted in the circuit court of the United States for the district of Kansas, in flict of principle and opinion touching the sa.me point. To the end the name and on behalf of the Unit-ed States, one or more snits, each arrainst the that we may have this expanding currency as the seasons change, the· Leavenworth, Lawrence and Galveston Railroad Company, and the Miss~uri, Kan President suggests that the Secretary of the Treasury be permitted to sas and Texas Railroad Company, to set aside and cancel patents for portions of the lands known as the Osage ceded lands, in the Sta.teorKansas, occupied and entered issue to the banks a certain amount, more or less, of currency in ad under the joint-resolution concerning the same, approved April10, 1869, by the set. dition to their present issue, upon the deposit of an equivalent amount tiers thereon; which patents purport to hn.ve been issued by the United States to of bonds as security, the banks to forleit 4 per cent. of the interest said railioad companies, respe~.:tive ly, in pursuance of the acts of Congress of March accruing on the bonds thus pledged, and to be authorized to with 3, 1863, and July 26, 1866, 1;ffinting lands t{) said companies ; and in case the decision of said circuit court shall oe in favor of the >alidity of such patents the Attorney draw the bonds, or any portion at any time, upon returning the bills General shall, without delay, cause such snits to be appealed to the ~npreme Con.rl for cancellation. The Secretary presents the same proposition in a of the U nitetl States for the purpose of a final adjudication of the questions involved little different form, suggesting that "provision may be made to per therein. In case of such appeal, or an appeal by said railroad companies, or either of them, it shall be the duty of the Supreme Court to hear and determine such causes mit the national banks, under circumstances, and to a limited ex at the earliest pra-cticable uay, without regard to their places upon the docket. The tent, to increase their note circulation by a pledge of United States Attorney-General is authorized to accept the aid of any attorney or attorneys named bonds bearing no interest while so pledged." by the settlers upon the lands concerninrr which such suits shall be instituted: Pro No one will dispute that these propositions also mean inflation so mded, That the United States shall not t)e liable for the compensation of such attor- l ong as the additional notes thus issued remain outstanding. But it ney or attorneys. _ is urged that the issne will not be sought except in pressmg emer :Mr. WINDOM. I ask the Senator from Kansas whether he will gencies, and will be recalled as soon as the necessity-say the move not yield to allow the Seno,te to take up the House resolution fixing ment of the crops- passes away. But this is by no means clear. the time for a recess T . . 1873. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 255 thence south fifty miles to the southern bonndary of s~id ~·eservatio?-; anc~ thence Mj. CROZIER. Will that take any considerable time' · ea ·t with said southern boundary to the place of begmnmg: P1·ovided, 'I ha,t the :Mr. SHERMAN. I think the Senator ~om Kansas had better be western boundary of said ~and here~ ceded shall not extend farther w:estward allowed to proceed and conclude his remarks. than upon a line commencmg at a pomt on the sc;mt?eri?- boundary of said Osage Mr. WINDOM. I give notice, then, that immediately a~r the country one mile east of the p1ace where the VerdigriS R1ver crosses the southern boundary of the State of Kansas. .And in consideration of the grant and sale to conclusion of the Senator's speech I shall endeavor to obtam the them of the above-de.scribed lands, the United States agree to pay the sum of floor for the pmpose of calling up that resolution. . 6300 000 · which sum shall be placed to the credit of said tribe of Indians in Ur. EDMUNDS. I merely wish to remark, as matter of notice, that the 'Tre~ury of the United States; and interest thereon at the rate of 5 per cent. as soon as anybody is throu 256 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEl\IBER 17' that, after reimburSing itself, the Government was to hold the re that there is no other power in the land to which, with propriety, it maiuder of the proceeds of sales in trust, to be used for the benefit can be addressed. The governor of my State, who takes a deep in of the Indian tribes, the Great and Little Osages among the rest'!' And terest in the welfare of and sympathizes with the settlers in their if so, how was that to be do;ne if the railroad companies were to get extremity, has appealed to the Chief Executive of the nation; the ·them, not "for cash/' but as a gratuity'!' Can it be supposed that whole people of the State through their representatives in the Legis these untutored Indians, ignorant of the jurisprudence of the coun lature have done the same; but he is powerless in the premises. 'l'the try and innocent of all knowledge of the subtleties of the laws set-tlers have besieged the Executive Departments, imploring a sub pertaining to real-estate titles, trusts, and vested rights, considered mission to judicial arbitrament. .A.ll has been vain; and, as a last they were g-ivin~ away half of one million acres of the best of their re ort, they are driven to the portals of this place of high deliberation lands to railroaa. companies they could not have known anything and ultimate discretion. about'!' The treaty, even as amended, contains no words of &rant, Every lawyer knows that, without the legal title these people literally construed. If the amendment accomplishes any legitrmate could have no standing in a Federal court. No-matter how equitable object, it is that of securing the assent of the Indians to the right of their claims, or how inequitable those of their adversaries, they can way through their lands, granted by the acts of Congress, and to a not be heard in their own behalf in the only tribunals that can ulti Bale of them subject thereto. It could in legal contemplation have mately settle the controversy. Will you secure to them that privi no other effect. It vested no right in the railroad companies for any lege f If I have here stated the case fairly, is there· a Senator who other purposes than the right of way. would refuse it to them f On the 26th of .A.pril and 17th of May, 1867, the Commissioner of This is not a controversy that concerns alone the occupants of the the General Land Office, on the application of the Leavenworth, Law Osage ceded lands. Every citizen of the State has an interest in its set rence and Galveston Railroad Company for the withdrawal of these tlement. It is a country larger than one of the States of this Union, • lands from market, decided that the lands had not been granted to and among the most beautiful the Slm shines npc,m. The groves are the railroad company, whereupon the President issued his proclama delightful as any that were" God's first temples;" the streams as limped tion for the sale thereof, in pursuance of the treaty and the laws ap as the waters that gushed from the cleft rock of Old Testament mem plicable to the sale of public lands. An appeal having been taken ory; the soil, to its tillers, generous beyond .remuneration, even to from the decision of the Commissioner of the General Land Office to abundance; the climate such as the o-ods might choose for perennial the Secretary of the Interior, (then Mr. Browning,) that officer on habitations; the depressions and sw~ of the landscape as volnptn the 8th of November, 1867, reversed the decision of the Commissioner ous as the most ardent artist could imagine for the .•proportions of the and decided there was a grant of these lands by the act of Congress bewitching daughter of Jove; never-fading green habilitates its and t1:eaty "I have referred to, in pursuance of which the President graceful slopes; and the gentlest of breezes, freighted with the odors withdrew his proclamation ordering the. sale. of the most fragrant of flowers, perpetually intoXicate the senses, On the lOth of .A.pril, 1869, Congress passed the following joint reso making existence thereon a realization of the dreams of bucolic poets lution: from Virgil to Grey. Be it resolved, &c., That any bona fide settler residing upon any portion of the lands This beautiful country is a part of my State. The inhabitants sold to the United States br virtue of the first and second articles of the treaty thereof are a part of my people. They are not proletarian or cumber concluded between the United States and the Great and Little Osage tribe of ers of the ground, but many of them are men of substance and intelli Inilians, September 29, 1865, and proclaimed January 21, 1867, who is a. citizen gence, and all are enterprising, energetic citizens. They very natu of the United States, or shall have declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States, shall be, anu hereby is, entitled to purchase the same, in quantity rally desire to knowwhethertheirlaborsare to inure to the benefit of not exceeding one hunlired and sixty aores, at the price of $1.25 per acre, within themselves, their wives and little ones, or are to aggrandize the man two years from the passage of this act under such rules and regulations as may agers of Q. colossal monopoly, antagonistic to them in aim, spirit, and be prescribed by the Seoretm·y of the futerior: Provided, however, That both the interest. If you refuse to pass this bill, thfrty thousand of as worthy odd and even numbered sections of said lands shall be subject to settlement and sale as above pro'\-i.ded: And provided further, That the sixteenth and thirty-sixth citizens as ever contributed to the stability of a government or sections in each township of said lands shall be reserved for school purposes in power of a state will, without a hearing, be driven from their homes accoruance with the provisions of the a.ct of admission of the State of Kansas: to be wanderers and vagabonds upon the face of the earth, and by an Provided, however, That nothing in this act shall be construed in any manner affect invader panoplied in the mail of departmental sophistry and bristling ing any legal rights heretofore vested in any other party or parties. (16 Statutes, 55.) with departmental subtleties. · In pursuance of this joint resolution, the settlers thereon pur I would not have it understood that I or the people most directly chased from the United State many of the lands therein referred to, interested in this controversy harbor malice or animosity toward the paid their money for them, and received the usual certificate entitling projectors and operators of the iron highways that have connected them to patents. Therefore, supposing their titles were assured, the them with the great world of commerce. They have done noble settlers proceedAd to spend their money and labor on the lands; and work and deserve fitting ~ratitude and praise. But it does not follow now the Osage ceded lands are among the best improved and most that they are to be justified in confiscating, under pretended legal desira.ble in the State, and worth, if the titles were settled, from twenty forms, the homes of thirty thousand people guilty of no crime and to thirty dollars per·acre; much of which is owing to the improvements defenseless against injustice. thereon. On the application of the railroad companies these entries The controversy has swollen to the proportions of a party question. have been and are being canceled, and patents issued to them. Men are elected to office with reference to it, regardless of national Now, is it not manifest that there has been a great wrong committed party predilection. The question is not, is the candidate a republican in this business somewhere and by somebody¥ And if so, is there or democrat, a liberal or other nondescript; but is he in favor of justice not a remedy in some direction t In this state of bet, is there not a to the settlers¥ .A. feeling in their favor has been wrought up all over sub tantial question as to the right of the railroad companies to pat the State until their cry of distress and appeal for help constitute the ents for these lands f Is there not in all this sufficient ~t least to billow now irresistibly sweeping over the Commonwealth. Will the hang a reasonable donbt upon, and a very reasonable one too f Were Senate of the United States sit with folded hands, upon its dizzy height, it a transaction between individuals, is there a lawyer or enlightened and complacently look down upon thirty thousand people writhing layman who would not say that here is a proper questionfor judicial and strugglin~ in the remorseless clutches of a slimy dra~on unwit. arbitrament f tingly fosterea by its action The grasping monster IS stalking In answer; it may be unthinkingly said that the courts are perma through the land in the penetrable mail of departmental sophistry, nently open to the citizens for the redress of grievances judicially and helmeted with legislative technicality, gathering into his capa remediable. I reply that generally they are; but si(,uated as these cious mawtheheritageofa defenseless people. In their deep distress settlers are, the courts are as against them closed ; yea, hermetically they appeal to you for aid. Shall they appeal in vain sealed. In the present co~dition of things the local courts have no If it be asked whether the a-ction invoked by this bill is legitimate, jurisiliction of the subject, and can have none. Repeated efforts have the answer is a ready one: The question is not an open one. The been made to agree upon and submit to the Federal courts of the Supreme Court of the United States, in the case of Sttme vs. The United district an agreed case that shoulll present the questions involved for States, reported in 2 Wallace, page '>25, shows that it is competent adjudication, but the .railroad companies, knowing the advantages of for the Government to go into its own courts and ask a revocation of the situation, have constantly refused. The heads of Departments its own patent when improvidently issued; that the power to that here who have the power to do so have been requested and urged to end is a judicial one, deposited by the Constitution in the national authorize the bringing of suits that would result in an authoritative tribunals alone. .A.ll that is asked of you is that their machinery may aujudication of the rights of the parties to this controversy, but be set it motion. they have so far refused to submit the matter to such arbitrament. No doubt it is competent for the head of the proper Department, as There is nothing now left but an appeal to the sense of justice and the law now stands, to invoke the action of the courts. The case I the consciences of the representatives of the whole people, which have referred to was a suit instituted by myself, a.s district attor appeal I now stand here to 'make, in the name and on behalf of ney of the United States, by direction of the Secretary of the Interior, thlrty thousand as worthy citizens as go to make up the population to set aside and cancel patents improvidently issued under a treaty and contribute to the support of this proud Republic. with the Delaware Indians for portiona of Fort Leavenworth military I am not asking the Senate to decide for or against the right of reservation. The decree of the circuit court canceling the patents the railroa-d companies to patents for this land. What I ask is, that was affirmed by the Supreme Court. But in the matter referred to you may take such action as will bring about a judicial examination in this bill the departmental chief declines to submit the controversy and determination of where the right is. Such an arbitrament can to judicial investigation and determination, and hence your a-ction is not be secured without your aid. fl. hall it be said that thirty thousand invoked compelling it. The settlers never will voluntarily leave the citizens, helpless in any other direction, have appealed to you in vain f lands until their right thereto is denied by the great tribunal of last If yon ask me why this appeal, "I sl:J.;:Lll answer, I shall ~ell you," resort; and this Government ought not to be guilty of the injustice 1873. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 257· of !hiving thirty tll.ou. and citizens from their ll.omes without a hoar of Repr sentatives appropriating 4,000,000 for the Navy; a defi ivg. ciency needed by the Navy, uem::mdotl by tll.e public service. And 1 move, Mr. President, that the bill be referred to the Committee yet we are in uch hot ha-ste to take a recess of Aixteen days that this on tho .J111lici:uy. must be excluded that we may go into a tliscussion upon that subject. 1r. INGALLS. I ask my colleague also to include in that motion That may be state man-like; that may be wise; and, if we come baclt cn ute bill No. 116, introllnce!l by my 'lf, authorizing procc~ili~gs to at the end of sixteen day and find the complications which I predict be instituted iu the Uniwd States circnit comt for the ili tnct of wo shall, it may be that we shall then consider that it would have 1\: uusas to !lctermine title to Osage ceded lands. been a little prudent, perhaps, to act on the subjects that were imme Illr. CROZIER I will do so. iliately pressing on us. I sll.all have accompli hed my duty when I The PRESIDING OFFICER. That r eference will be ordered if say that I am ready to proceed to the consideration, and ask the Sen there L>e no objection. ate to proceed to the consideration, of the bill to provide for the cle E1-."'ROLLED DILL SIGNED. ficiency of 4,000,000 which js necessary for the naval service unuer the circumstances in which it exists. If tho enate chooses to over A message from the Hou e of Representative , by 1tfr. McPHERSO~, rule that, and fix upon a day for adjourument with that and other its Clerk, announced that the Speaker of the House had signed the bills which they know are pressing upon us, I have nothing further enrolled bill (H. n.. No. 478) to provide for the redemption of the loan to say. of 1858; and it was thereupon signed by the President pro ternpore. Mr. WINDOU. Mr. President, I hardJy know what course to take HOUSE BILL REFERRED. on the motion I have made in view of tbe statements of fTi.ends in 1\-fr. STEVE}IiSON. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent of the whose judgment I have great faith; but as I h.·we more confidence Senate to take up the bill which has this morning come from the in the judgment of the entire Senate than I have in my own, or House of Repro entati ve to amend the laws relative to internal reve that of my tluee or four friendA who have protested, it has occmrecl nue, in order that it may be referred to the Committee on Finance. to me that the wisest thing I can do now is to take the judgment of It is a measure greatly demanded, on which the Internal Revenue the Senate on this question of a recess. Department, as well as a great many gentlemen in the West whom I Mr. Pre ident, for the last fouheen years- certainly twelve years- I represent, desire speedy action. The revenue i now tied up in conse h ave tried to make precisely the same speech, but never succeeded in quence of a defect in the law, in case of the death of parties owing making it half so well, however, as that which the honorable Senator taxes. I only ask that the bill be taken up and referred. from Maine [1tfr. MORRILL] has delivered to-day. !have been, since The bill (H. R. No. 614) to so amend the laws relative to internal my service in Congress, both in the Hou e of Representatives and here, revenue as to allow distillery warehouses to be continued in use after the persistent opponent every time a motion was made to adjourn changes have occurred in the management of the busine s wa-s read over for a reces , and I have been as consistently beaten as I have twice by its title and referred to the Committee on Finance. been persistent in my efforts te defeat it; and I can only say to my honorable friend from Maine, that while I have great re pect for his PROPOSED HOLIDAY RECE S. judgment in this matter, and while his appeal has very great weight Mr. WINDOM. I now ask the Senate to take up the House reso with me, I am quite confident that whether we act upon it to-day or lution fixing the time for the holiday reces . to-morrow, the same re ults will follow that have always followed lli. HEH.MAN. Before that question is put, I desire to have the every motion of this kind. Hence, having tried so many years to Senator from Maine, [Mr. MORRILL,] who has charge of the naval resist this adjournment over for the holidays, and feeling confident appropriation bill, present. He aid he desired to be present before that the recess will be taken, it has occurred to me that the Senate tllat que, tion wa-s taken up. He has gone out for a moment. might as well know to-day as to-monow or the next day whether fr. WINDOM. I presume the Senate might take up the resolution, the rece s will be taken or not. Therefore, Mr. President, I insist on and then await the coming in of the Senator from Maine. my motion, in order to take the sense of the Senate on this question. 1tfr. SHERMAN. I object to that, because it was on that verypoint 1tfr. ED::\IUNDS. lli. President, we have had a holiday from the that the Senator from Maine desired to say a word to the Senate. He 26th of March to the 1st of December, and we have devoted ourselves has just gone out-not a minute ago. I hope, therefore, the Senate vigorouely, by adjourning from Thursday until Monday, since the 1st will not take up that resolution. But I see that the Senator from of December to this day, which is the 17th. We have worked almost Maine is here now. two weeks in the course of eight or nine months, and the necessity .Mr . MORRILL of Maine. What is the question Y therefore for a holiday for the restoration of our bodies and our souls 'l'he PRESIDENT pro tentpm·e. The Senator from Minnesota moves must be very great indeed. [Lan~hter.] that there olution of the House of Representatives providing for au But to be serious about this busrne , Mr. President, and not to in a{}journment dming the holidays be now taken up. dulge in the little humor one rilight express upon it, where do we find Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. That will lead to uebate, beyond all ourselve f We find ourselves, according to a me sacre from the Presi question, and I trust that no motion of that kind will be interposed dent of the nited States, and a report from the head of the Treasury against the naval appropriation bill, of which I gave notice yesterday, Department,running behind hand nearly half a million dollars a day. and for the passage of which there is the utmost nece sity. We find ourselves with expenditmes running almost in advance of Mr. WThTDO.M. There is so much talking around me that I cannot appropriations, and upon the faith that we honld appropriate for them, understand what the Senator says. for the protection of the honor and the interests of this country ; and The PRESIDENT p?'O tempore. Does the Senator insist on his mo the men who have earned this money, in the naval service in partic tion¥ ular, and who are now working daily in the performance of the labors Mr. WINDO~I. I do. I do not know but that the Senator from they are employed about, must be paid. I believe th ere would be no Maine may have made some per onal appeal to me which I did not dissension in this body as to the fact that provisions should be made, understand. If he did, I should like to hear it. that they should be paid and paid now, so that jobbers and tra-ders 1fr. MORRILL, of Maine. I was appealing to the sense of the and dealers in poor men's labor should not be having certificates of Senate not to take up that resolution at the present time, after the indebtedness hawked about the streets to pay h alf-price upon before notice I had given yesterday of a desire to proceed with the deficiency the laborer can ·get anything. . . bill for the Navy. My honorable friend is upon the Committee on 1\Ir. Pre ident, in that point of view, as the Senator from Maine has Appropriations, and he knows well the importance of it; and this said, are we going to take a holiday of two or three weeks, leaving' re olution must necessarily lead to debate. that bill unacted upon f Can we not wait until we do that ' Sup Mr. WINDOM. I presume there can be no doubt that the bill re pose we do not adjourn until next week, will the public interests ferred to by the Senator from Maine can be taken up and disposed of suffer Y Most certainly not. It will only be om private plea-sure and if we now fix the time for the r cess on Friclay. convenience that will suffer. Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. That is a presumption; the fact re Then we have the bankrupt law to which reference has alrea-dy mains to bf> seen. Here is a bill from the Honse of Representatives, been made. It is of the highest interest to the community that some not yet considered· by the .Senate, said to be of exigent importance, steps shaU be taken that shall advise the public all over the land about which there is a difference of opinion unquest-ionably and what r elief is to be extended to the debtors and what justice to the which undoubtedJy will give ri e to debate. I refer to the bankrupt creditors, in order that both debtor and creditor may have fair and bill, not yet considered by the Judiciary Committee. Nobody ex equal justice distributed between them. Are we going away for fun, pects to adjourn until that bill is considered, and there is one day are we going away for the roa-st tmkey and the duck of Christmas, between us and the time fixed by the House of Representatives when leaving such things undisposed of f Are we, in order to go away for it is said it is safe for the American Congre s, after having been here such purpose of pleasure- they are as agreeable to me as to anybody; exercised for three long weeks doing nothing so far as re ults are I would like to take the trip-making haste with the e important concerned, to adjourn from this year to the next. It may be that measmes in such a way that we are not sme that we are legislating that is so; but if it is so, I misconceive altogether the events of the on solid and I'ational grotmds f It cannot be, lli. President; it is public character that are transpiring about us. impo sible, when w e reflect upon it, asH seems to me, that we should It seem. to me that the Senate owes it to itself, and owes it to the leave the public business in the condition in which it will be if we counb.'y, to attend to such things· as are pressing upon us now, and agree to this resolution to adjourn on the day after to-morrow, with .fix this que tion of adjournment when they shall have l>een accom out making ourselves justly deserving of that public censure whtcQ. plished. If the naval bill be pa cd to-day, this can he considered we sometimes receive without deserving. to-morrow. What is the nece · ity of consiuering there elution at The PRESIDENT pro f,empore. The Senator from Minne ot~ m:oyes this mom nt to tlJ.c exclusion of < bill9f tbe chamcter tllat I have thl.).t the Senate proceed· to the consideration of the conc~nent reso tho honor to represent on this floor-a deficiency bill from the Horuoe lution in regard to an adjournment over t he holidays! 17 258 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECE~IDER 17' Mr. THUR::\1 N. I only wish to say t hat in my judgment we ented in bankruptcy against him for $7,500; the paper has gono ought not to adjourn on Friday. There are measun~s now before Con overdue fourteen days. He cites m::my other instances of tho same gres which I think ought to be act ed upon without deln.y. Ther is character where this thing is being done, autl probably it is because the quest.ton of repealing, or, if not repealing, amending the bank these bills repealing the bankrupt law are before the Congress of the rnpt act. I think that it ought to be acteu upon. I think we ought United States that men desire to use this instrument of oppression, :llso to act on the bill in relation to salaries, which probably will como to take advantage of it before a. la.w shall be passed preventing it from the House of Representatives to-day or, at latest, to-morrow. from being done. And tilere are other measures upon which we ought to act, to say I only cite thi one instance. I have perhaps fifty letters showing uo1hing about the great financial questions which are before Con in tances of almost precisely the saine character, where oppres ion gre s, but upon which, I . uppose, no one imagines we can act before a of this kind is being brought to bear against per on who are not recess is taken; but the e other measure's we can act upon, and it bankrupts, against persons who are able to pay, but who, "because of eems to me that we should sit here until we do so. Hence, contrary the stringency of the times, have failed to pa.y at the maturity of 'io my usage heretofore, I am in favor of sitting here until these mea.s their paper. I have appeals made day aftel' day through letters t o rre shall be ;tcted upon, and therefore opposed to this recess. me-inasmuch as I introduced one of the bills before the Senate, anll Mr. MORTON. Mr. President, like tile Senator from Minnesota, I suppose that is the reason wl!-y I have received tho e letters, asking the :first two or three years I was in the Senate I opposed these long that some action be taken by the Congress of the United States in acljourumeuts at the holidays, but my opposition amotmted to noth order to protect the people from this oppression, and this destruction ing. Never, however, has there beel,l a condition of things since I of their property and their intere ts. have been in the Senate that ~equired the presence of Congress like I do hope, without alluding to other matters that are of equally that which we have now. The Senator speaks of the long usage. It great importance before the Congress of the United States, tllat un wi1l be "more honored in the breach than in tile observance. ' Now, sir, der the circumstance which sm:round us no", as tho representati><'S the countryi laboring under the effect. of a panic. We are tolu the of a great people, as we are, that -we shall forego the }Jlcasur of :~ con cquences of it are passing off. To some extent they are ; but holiday, for one year at least, in order to attend to the duties that there is snfi:'eriug all over this country. to-day in consequence of that are now pressing upon us. panic, and thousands, and I may say hundreds of thonsanus of men l\lr. HAMLIN. This practice of a<1j ourning cannot have it understood that I shall agree to report it by Thursday, has again and again manifested its conficlence in the committee by although I hope we may. sending to it at this very session divers bills ancl pmpositions upon Mr. MORTON. I will simply say, in addition to what I h:1ve said, this very subject. Nay, more; it sent a bill to that committee at the that I hope we shall get the bill to-morrow, or at furthest the next, last session, and the committee considered it and reported that bill morning; a.nd I think there is an understanding now in the Senate with a recommendation that it pass, and that was a bill for the repeal. (and I sball vote for the reference upon that understanding) that of the ban1..r-rupt law; in terlllB very nearly, in substance I boliove this Congress will take no recess until the bankrupt bill has been quite the same as the bill which we have now received from the ac;:ted on by both Houses. Honse of Representatives. Mr. EDMUNDS. That I agree to most heartily. Now, :JI,li. President, it seems to me that the reasons for objcctinrr to Ir. MORTON. That is the understanding. a reference of this bill to the committee do not involve at ail a.ny 'im Mr. .ANTHONY. I take it that does not bind everybody else. putati~m ei~h~r upon the c~mmittee or upon any member of it, for I [Laughter.] am qmte wilhng to bear Witness that every member of that ·commit .Mr. CONKLING. The Senat-or from Vermont and the Senatorfrom tee i_s anxious to act upon the subject and to act with promptness; Indiru;ta, ha~ng come to tha,t agreement, it is of course satisfactory but It may well be that when we come to consider the question in the to them, anti nobody would be so unreasonable as not to be satisfied. committee with the various propositions that are before it or may come [Laughter.] Nevertheless, I venture to make this remark: The vote before it, the committee may not arrive at a conclusion in which a taken a short time ago upon the resolution to adjourn evidently majority can concur, and we may therefore be delayed. It is for this exerts much influence upon this matter. I think, from the indications r ea.son that it seems to me that it is well enough to let this bill lie where eurlier in the day, it would have been the pleasure of the Senate to it is. What practical difficulty is in the way 'I None at all. The sub retain in its own control the House bill, by leaving it lie on the table, ject is now before the Judiciary Committee. Suppose th&t co!::lmittee, accessible at any time. Now, the Senator from Iniiana, for example, instead of recommending a repeal of the law, such as the bill from the moved app:rrently by the fact that the Sena-te has refused to concur House contemplates, should prefer to report amendments to the law in adjourning over be holidays, says he will vote for a reference to depriving it of those features which have rentlere<.lit obnox:ious an(l the J udiciru.'y Committee. Certainly I do not want to prolong the which make it oppressive, taking away the power to uso the law rrs time b fore the Juiliciary Committee is to get chaTge of this bill, but an instrument for levying blackmail, he worst feature in tho \vholo simply to say that my o-wn judgment still is that the friends of some law; suppo e the committee honl an opportunity to vote, either to repeal or to retain the e:ri ting law, men, th<'mselves on the committee, and that is, that it is a strategic I shall vote aa loud as my voice will permit to repeal that law. movement ; that there may be a great advantage in having this bill Nevertheless, I am of the opiuion myself that a well-considered anu lie upon the table whilo the committee are considering the general well-iligested bankrupt law is very nearly a necessity to every c o ~?- subject, because this is precise in its character; we know exactly mercial anu trading community. I think it is an honest measure I? what it ~s ; it is a repeal, nothing more, nothing less; and that by it elf-not the existing law, but a good oue. When a debtor 18 orne possibility we mny adjourn in some unwitting day or hour, unable or unwilling to pay his debts, I think common honesty re although we have now determined that we will not adjourn at all, quires that his estate should be economically, if you please, but and therefore for that reason it had better lie upon the table where equally distributed among his creditors. That I suppose to he the it can be accessible to the Senate. · aim of a bankrupt law; and I cannot help feeling that we are l\Ir. President, I submit that is a little too fine, and the Senate somewhat disO'raced as legislators that, after two or three attempt , ought to act in harmony with it general usage and not entertain thls we have neve~ yet been able to effect a bankrupt law with which the exceptional motion, but allow the committee of the Senate to have country would be content only until certain purposes had been ac- under consideration the whole subject, both as it has been consid complished. · ered by the committee and as it has been considered by the House of If it be the deliberate judgment of the Senate that we will not Representatives, to the end that they may have the advantage of the pro ecute the attempt to improve, to amend, to perfect the existing opinions of the House-if I have a right to refer to the action of the law, but that it shall be repealed, wiped from the statute-book- if House in the consideration of that subject. But I pray most espe that be the ilispo ition of the Senate, I suppose we had better not cially and most fervently that this subject may pass from the atten refer this repealing bill to the Judiciary Committee, but we had bet tion of the Senate, so that I may invite its attention to the consider ter concur with the House in the passage of the bill. For myself, I ation of the naval appropriation bill, which I hope I will get an am inclined to hope yet that the Judiciary Committee-if you will opportunity to do. · not hurry them, if you will not send this bill to them with instruc The PRESIDENT pro tempo're. The question is on the motion to tions to bring it b:1ek to us to-morrow or the next day, if you will refer the bill to the Committee on the Judiciary. give them, in spite of the passion of this morning, a little time for The motion was agreed to. consideration and deliberation-may, by good luck and great indus EXTRAORDINARY NAVAL EXPENSES. try, return to us orne modifications of the existing law which will make it more acceptable to the country, and may, perhaps, induce 1\fr. MORRILL, of Maine. I move that the Senate proceed to the the two Houses to think that it is not necessary after all to send it consideration of House bill No. 481, making appropriations for adrift just at this moment. It is this hope, therefore, that induces extraordinary expenses of the n aval ervice. me to vote for the reference of this bill to the Judiciary Committee. The motion was agreed to; and the Senate, as in Committee of the Having occupied the floor so much, I desire to make another re Whole, proceeded to consider the bill, which propo es·to appropri mark. I never, I think, since I have had the honor of a seat on that ate the following sums to meet extraordinary expenses in the naval floor, have felt under such a weight of obligation for the great bless service during the :fiscal year ending June 30~ 1874: ing of debate as I feel to-day. I was extremely obliged to the hon For pay of the Navy, 300,000. orable Senator from Minne ota [:Mr. WINDOM] for moving the Senate F6r contingent expenses of the Navy Department, 25,000'. to proceed to the consideration of the re olution to adjourn over for For the Bureau of Navigation, 20,000. the holidays, not because I cared at all whether the Senate agreed to For the Bureau of Ordnance, $500,000. it or disagreed to it, but because it furnished the occasion for rousing For the Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting, $500,000. me from a sense of false security-torpidity, as my honorable friend For the Bureau of Yards and Docks, $20,000. from New York, [Mr. Co:ton.cu~m,] who always culls the very best For the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, 300,000. words there are in the dictionary, and to whom I have often been For the Bureau of Steam Engineering, 335,000. ru1der very deep obligations, suggests, [laughter]-! was about to For the Bureau of Construction and Repair, 2,000,000. say a sense of false security. I had seen the Senate meet here at The bill further provides that the e appropriations may be, in case t"E>lve o'clock in the day occasionally, and sit an hour or two, and of necessity to pay expenses already incurred and contracted for, ilitrvduce quite n, number of bills, and occas:ionally make a speech transferred from one Bureau to another by special order of the Presi a.hout some one of them, manifesting the utmost indifference as to dent; which orders, with the r eason therefor, are to be communicated which one of them the speech was upon, and then at a very early to Congre s whenever the good of the public service will permit. hour of the • 262 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECE1\ffiER 17, I Lave tal; en measm·es to pnt every available iron and wooden ship of our Navy in the months of April and fay, 1857. W e passed at that timo the in r.nndition for immediate duty. heaviest appropriation bills that up to tlh'tt time had ever been pas etl. I have ordered all the ship of the various squadrons within reach to rendezvous nt Key West. I am enlisting men to upply and fill up the crews of all our vessels. We appropriated more money for the erection of new public build I have accumulated materials, :provisions, and supplies for their maintenance ~d irlgs in the session of 1856 and 1857 than hatl ever been pa ed bet ore. support ; and ordnance, ammumtion, and all the weapons of naval wadare for therr It was a democratic administration, in democratic times, all branches of the Government being under the control of the democratic party ; usThe circmnstances which bn;>e constrained the Department to this unusual adiv ity and con equant expenditure are known to you and to the country. The fact and yet w:hen we came back in December, Hl57, the very first act that they occmTed during the recess of Con~ess mane it necessary th3:t I should which passed Congre s was a bill authorizing the issue of TreasurJ myself a ume the responsibility of prompt action, relying upon the WISdom and notes. Our revenues had disappeared; there was a deficiency within justice of the people and their repre entatives for support. thirty days after the failure of the Ohio Trust Company, in New I have not as yet exceeded _the appropria!Jon for the current_ year, but ~ese meas ures, with the costofpreparmu, transporting, and concentrating everytJllng De upon tl:.ut sulJject-rnattcr. from Maryland participateu somen-lta.t in the same line of remarks 264 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEMBER 17, that h e has imlnlged in to-day, feeling then, as now, that there was but these three monitors, which can go to sea without being propelled likely ueYer to lle an exigency where any portion of the Navy of the by power exi;ra to themselves; without having vessels go along with Unitell States would be at all desirable; that the days of peace had them to watch these floating coffins, to see t.hat they do not suddenly tlawned upon the earth; and that om· position was of such a charac plunge to the bottom of the ocean_, and that the crews may be taken ter that we never need expect any complication to arise with foreign off and their lives saved and they taken ingloriously ashore. The or nations or :111y disturbance of an exterior character which might lead dinary monitor is excellent for harbor defense, but it is not fit to go to the n~:;e of a Navy, the honorable Senator seemed to consider quite to sea. Now, we have three powerful vessels, probably as powe.l'ful out of the question ; and that aroso on an attempt to appropriate two as any in the world. I doubt if the Monarch or any iron-clad in the or three millions, I think $3,000,000, with a view of increasing the English navy could stand against the 1\fiantonomah or the Mo strength of the Navy. nadnock or the Puritan, provided they are put in fit condition. Well, now, Mr. President, the honorable Senator does not raise the These ve sels are able to go to sea. One of them made a cruise to the question whether the Government acted promptly, fitly, or not, in the Mediterranean and up the Baltic, I think. Another of them went exigency which was upon us. I will not go, into that at this time. m:ound the Horn, through the most inhoApitable sea there is on this My own belief J,bout it is that we were saved from a war by the round globe-went there safely, with nothing but a little tender, she judicious conduct and treatment of this whole subject by the execu propelling herself, the tender simply carrying some supplies that were tive department of the Government-and a war with Spain, a little necessary on account of the length of the voyage, and not going for brush, as the Senator says, that nobody apprehended. Why, !Ir. the safety of the vessel. President, that honorable Senator undervalues Spain as a naval These powerful vessels ought to be put in order to provide for an 11ower very much. Spain has a large naval force in Cuba, and has emergency. Sena-tors cannot-say in the li~Yht of the last two or three ha<.l these past three months. In the condition of the Navy at the months that, considering our peace principles or our geographicnl lo time when war was menaced and we had every reason to apprehend cation in the wm:ld, such emergencies are not liable to come. When it, we were certainly quite unprepared ; and my own judgment and they do come, where we are unprepared, where vessels like these belief is that the energy displayed by the Secretary of the Navy in the real power of the Navy-are in such a condition that they cannot put-ting the Navy in a position as well ashe could for war was a. very be made fit for sea under six months, we are necessarily crippled, and Important fact.indncing to peace. are exposed to insult and aggres ion until we can get them ready. Now, for the information of the Senator from Maryland as well as Why, sir, the Pacific coast is now almost entirely unprotected. The the Senate, I will state a specification of some of the objects for which monitor to which I have referred as having gone around the Horn is t\is money has been expended. The Secretary has given the list of now at Mare Island. Its interior work is of wood, put there during vessels ordered to be got ready for sea since November 9,1873. These the war or at the time the war was closing, and is all rotted, so that foot up 32 m number. The names of them are given-some wooden, the vessel is entirely useless and would not stand t-he shock of its own some monitors ; and the sum estimated for the repair of each. That guns ; but by replacing that wood lly iron beams, not adding to the amounts to 2,104,000. In addition to that are the sums taken from the weight of the vessel in fact, but, I am told, decreasing the actual different Bureaus; from the Bureau of Steam Engineering, $508,000 ; weight, it can be made so good and strong that it will last twenty-five and estimates from the other Bureaus amounting in all to the sum of or perhaps fifty years without further need of repair, except it may $4,000,000. . be occasionally a little;paint. .All this has been taken from the appropriations for the current If this is done we shall have something to defend the Queen City year made for the expenditures in these Bureaus. In this exigency of the Pacific, where now we have nothing. Now in the case of a the Secretary had no authority to borrow money or to go outside for foreign war, with a nation maintaining a navy in those seas, we are money. He therefore, in this extraordinary emergency, drew upon entirely defenseless. They can readily concentrate their navies in the the several Bureaus in his Department on the ordinary expenditures ; Bay of San Francisco, pas ing by the few batteries we have on each and it is, it willlle seen, to supply these Bureaus that this appropria. side, unstopped by any iron-clad or anything adequate for the de tion is made; first, "for the pay of the Navy, $300,000." That is to fense of the harbor, and levy their twenty, or fifty, or a hundred mil meet the extra expenditure for the recruiting of the 1,500 men which lions in gold on that city, and inflict disgrace on the Americ~n name. are provided for by the bill reported by the Senator from New Hamp I understand that the extra million which was asked for by the shire this morning. Next, "for the contin(J'ent expenses of the Navy Secretary of the Navy was to put that monitor in order so that there Department, 25,000;" "for the Bureau of Navigation, 20,000," drawn might be some defense for that coast, and to put the e others in upon in this emergency; "for the Bureau of Ordnance, $500,000 ; " proper condition so that there might be orne opportunity for the "for the Bureau of Equipment and Recruiting, 500,000; " "for the country in case an emergency of this kind should arise again. I fully Bureau of Yards and Docks, 20,000;" "for the Bureau of Steam En believe that it was by the prompt a-ction of the Secretary of the Navy, gineering, 300,000;" "for the Bureau of Construction and Repair," as much as by the diplomacy of the Administration in the recent because on this Bureau came the very great burden, "$2,000,000." emergency, that we were saved a war. It is idle to say that the Now, one word in regard to the motion of the honorable Senator aggression-which was committed on that occasion was unworthy of from Vermont. I agree with him that, as a general proposition, it is our notice. If it was worthy of our notice, it was worthy of it not well to authorize the Department to draw from the appropriation promptly and efficiently. Certainly, a ship bearing our flag was in one Bureau to be e»pended in another; but it: seemed to the com snatched from the seas. Certainly those who were ailiniJ' under the mittee that inasmuch as these extraordinary appropriations were shadow of that !lag were executed 1 in the vicinity of S'antiago de necessary to be drawn from these Bureaus indiscriminately, and as Cuba, and it was a'rl aggression worthy of the attention of the Amer the appropriation is made to relieve these Bureaus, it was absolutely ican hati~n. If you say that, considering the character of those with necessary that there should be some discretion somewhere for the re whom we had to deal, there was no necessity for prompt action, that distribution of the funds so appropriated to those several Bureaus, we might have left our inadequate Navy scattered where it was and without regard to the sums specifically appropriated. all througli the·whole extent of the North Atlantic stations and in Mr. MORRILL, of Vermont. I hope the Senator from Maine will the Mediterranean, let me recall that our consul at Santiago was pro allow the amendment I have proposed to pass without objection. I hibited from even seeing those men before they were shot; that the am sure that he, a-s the chairman of the Committee on Appropria. telegrams which he.was sending to endeavor to ascertain the nation tions, cannot be disposed to have an example set of so wide a depart ality of the vessel were intercepted; that it was necessary in the ure from all the practice of the Senate. Even our ordinary appro streets of Havana itself to station a guard of government troops I priations that have been made heretofore for these different Bureaus around the house of oU.r consul there to prevent his being outraged, are specified; the-y are itemized under the different Bureaus. Now, and American citizens hid themselves in the shade for fear of being here is a proposition that professes to itemize, and yet at the la-st end mobbed or massacred in the streets of that city; and certainly that it comes in and provides that it may all in gross sum be appropriated was an emergency which required the active. intervention of this anyhow and anywhere. I am snre the Senator cannot object to the Government, and showed the . character of the people with whom we amendment which I propose, and I am also equally sure that it will were dealing, and whom only fear would restrain. be at once accepted by the House without any discussion or debate. Why, sir, more than that, although I believe in Castelar, though I Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. If I was certain· it would not lead to believe hlm to be a noble man and a republican from principle, and embarra sment, of course I should not object to the amendment, be heartily in sympathy with the institutions of the United States, a cause the Senator well understands the importance I have always patriot in every sense of the word toward his own people, I still be attached to this particular provision of the law which prohibits lieve that he himself could not have stood up against the populace transfers. I am not certain, I do not feel confident at all, that embar of Spain, and against the antagonizing forces he encountered, unless rassment would arise, but I find the clause here- there had been this attempt on the part of the Government of the :Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. It can be relieved by Congress if it does. United States to put it elf in readiness for war and show that it was Mr. SHERMAN. Congress will be in ses ion. prepared to strike provided its rights and its dignity were not re Mr. SARGENT. Mr. President, my objection to this bill is that it spected. I believe that when our squadron wa-s ordered home from appropriates '1,000,000 too little. The Secretary of the Navy in the the 1\Iediterra;nean and concentrated in the Cuban waters, an Sir, although it seems to be supposed by some that this exigency Mr. President, I expres the sentiment o.f the American people ha pa sed, I do not believe it. I think the Castelar government is in saying that they are ~ratefnl to the Administration for t h e states liable to be tumbled down any day. I am sorry to say that that is man-like manner in which the most delicate and difficult duty of my judgmentl. anu I believe that those who h:we noticed the course ad,justing our differences with Spain has been performed. Our of Spanish attairs during the past few months must concur with me people were excited against the barbarous slavery of Cuba. They in that opinion. Suppose that that restraining influence upon Spanish were outraged by the inhumanity of the treatment of the prisoners action anu upon Spanish aggression shall be taken away, what will taken from the Virgiuius, and they felt that the flag and honor of be the result l IIave there not been irritations enough in the past the nation had been violated; and the excited feelings of the people few weeks for pretenses for war, for more aggre sion upon American were fanned and inflamed by public meetings, and mttny were rio-hts, for the confiscation of estates, for in,juries to American citi influenced by motives much les worthy than those I have suggested. zens who may be in Havana or elsewhere in Cuba' Take off this The tendency of the general outcry was to urge the Arlministration restraining influence, and I believe that within a few weeks we hall on to war. The Government, on the other hand, remembered that find that we may be brought again to the point of war, and I would the controversy was with a young republic of 4fteen million ·people, not be so unprepared as we were when the late emergency arose. I struggling for existence among the monarchies of the 01<1 W orlcl; and would have the Secretary of the Navy go on and finish these works remembered, too, that we were olemnly pledged to the great princi in which he is now engaged, expend this '4,000,000 and put the Navy ples of pea,ce and of arbitration; and the complication has been o on something like a decent footing; and I regret it wa not the sense managed-that the national honor and the peace of the country have of the committee reporting this bill that another million should be both been pre erved. Sir, the American people, without distinction addeu to increa ·e the effectivene ·s of the Navy. of party, are truly grateful to the .Administration. My frienu from Maryland tall-:s about the force which it was shown Mr. President, this expenditure of 4,000,000 has not been entirely by the report of the Secretary of the Navy we had on the North At lost. It has had its office in bringing about this happy re ult. I am lantic sta,tion last year. The Secretary of the Navy when he is talk in favor of .the peaceful solution of difficulties, in favor of national ing, not to ns confidentially, but to attentive ears in other parts of arbitrations; and yet we all know that a little physical force in tbe the worlcl, mu. t couch in certain language the information which he background is an aid and support to moral influences. While it i give . He must not show in fact the poverty of our resource . llut true that Great Britain cannot be intimidated I am not quite certain ae stated, even in this view, the whole number of ve sels there was that the fact of our having a million of men trained to arms and ,just only eleven. On the 11th of November last, when the news came to from the field, and that a considerable N a,vy-not then out of repair this country of the seizure of the Virginius, and the conduct of the was in our pos e.ssion, did not promote and accelerate the happy authorities toward its crew, we had nine ve sels in all on that station, arbitration which has rejoiced this country and the world; and I am which embraceu the entire eastern coast of North America and that by no means certain that the calling of our quadron from the Medi of outh America, a-s far a Cape Orange, near the mouth of the Ama terranean, and the congregating of the monitors at Key West, diu not zon, extending eastward to the forty-third degree of longitude from tend to bring Spain, without her being intimidated, the more care Greenwich and northward to the Frozen Ocean. In all that vast fully to consider the reasonableness of the propositions which the :uea we had nine vessels, the 'Vorcester, the Canandaigua, the 'Vyo .Administration laid before her. ming, the Jnniata,, the Nip ic, the Shawmut, the KD.illBa , the monitor The whole affair has been well managed and adjusted, and the Sangu and the hospital-ship Pawnee, which was at Key West. One expenditure by no means lost or wasted. of the e ve sel was off trying to find the Polaris. Another was in Mr. SHERMAN. I move that the Senate do now adjoilrn. the harbor of Aspinwall, wit h a hundred of its crew sick. Another l\Ir. MORRILL, of Vermont. If the Senator from Ohio will with had been ordered to Bermuda for the same reason. One of them was draw that motion for a moment I think the Senator from Maine will dismantled at New York. So we might go through the whole list. accept my proposition, and we can then pa s the bill. _ We were utterly unprepared for war. Mr. ANTHONY. I must expre my surprise that the Senator from The Senator from :Maryland says we are expending millions on our Ohio should move to ad,journ in the pre ent state of the country. Navy. Yes, sir; we aTe eX]_1ending million for the pay of seamen, and [Laughter.] Certainly he does not propose to ad,journ until as late an for the pay of officers for the shell of a Navy, while with a foolishness hour as twelve o'clock to-morrow. We ou~t to meet at eleven, I which, it seems to me, must strike the mind of every Senator were think. After the picture the Senator from wisconsin [l\fr. HowE] fuse to put that which is most important to a navy- vessels- under drew of the dangers impending over us and the precipice at our feet, the feet of our ailors in such order that they may make good account I feel most unwilling to adjourn now. of them elves inca e of war. We have admirals al.mo t without Ir. SHERMAN. I will withdraw the motion to adjourn if a vote stint we have officers, from Admiral down to master, in superabun can be taken. dance, I would say too many entirely, were-it not for the fact that l\1r. MORRILL, of Maine. I call for the question on the motion of those whom we have retaine from the Seeretary of the Sen.:'tte. I do not think there can be any was that lawyers of that firm, not members of the House, had brought objection to it.. . a bill here and 11rocured its introduction. I intended no reflection klr. ED~fUNDS . I witb WAR CLADIS. Mr. ~AL_E, of :M~e . I cannot :vl-thdra"': the call f~r the reg~r order, if this matter lS to take up tune. If It ca.n be d:isposed of m a Mr. IIAWLEY, of illinois, by unanimous consent, moved _that ~be short t ime, I shall not antagonize t he gentleman. - Committee on Claims bo discharged from the further cons1deratwn Mr. DAWES. I have no doubt that it will be disposed of in a of various war claims referred to it, and that the same be referred to few minutes. The Committee on Ways and :Means instructed me tho Committee on War Claims. yesterday to ask a committee of conference. That, however, might The motion wa-S agreed to. prevent thi bill from becomin~ a law before the holidays; and on DUTIES O:N L\1PORT8. fm·ther consultation the coiDIDlttee have come to the conclusion, Mr. KELLOGG, by un::tnimous consent, submitted the following as the amendments are of very little importance and affecting phrase- re olution; which was reau, colllii internal-revenue act of J uJy 20, 1868, as amended, or other liabilities sidemtion of the bill (H. R. No. 793) to repeal tho ip.crea e of ~.rtain uncler any interoal-revenue law, but tho existence of such lien shall salaries, and to establish the rate of the same. be no gTouml for refusing to approve the bonds of the succeeding The SPEAKER. The pending que tion is upon the motion of the person, firm, or company, anythillg in section 8 of said act of July 20, gentleman from Iowa [:!'tlr. KAsSON] to reconsider the vote whereby 1868, u.s amended, to the contrary notwithstanding. his -amendment to the bill was auopted, and to lay the motion to re Mr. DECK. I can expln.in in one word the rea on for the p~sage con idm· upon the table, anu upon that motion the gentleman from of this bill. Uncler the law, as it now stands, there can be but one dis Alabama [Mr. HAYs] called for the yeas and nays. tmery warehouse on distillery premises, and persons who manufac Mr. RICE. .Allow me one word in my own defense. Last nigbi when ture distilled spirits have a right to allow it to remain in that bonded the vote wa taken on the amendment of the gentleman from Iowa warehouse for one year. If one partner in a firm of distillers dies, I wa. not present in my seat, as I suppo e I ought to have been. I came and the distilleu spirits remain in the warehouse, as they have a in while the vote was being taken, and suppo ing it to be on a motion right to do, for one year, and they are frequently old in bond with to adjourn, I voted in the negative. If I had known what I was talk the right to the purchaser to retain them there for one year, the ing about, I should have voted "ay." [Laughter.] Commissioner has no authority to aJlow the business to go on, and it Upon ordering the yeas and nays, the Speaker ordered tellers, and has to stop, and whatever cattle or grain may be on hand has to go appointed Mr. KASSON and Mr. HAYS as tellers. . to waste. The injustice of this wa so apparent to the Department The House divided; and the tellers reported ayes 46, noes not that they framed regulations permitting this thing to be done under counted. the existing law, but upon examination it was ascertained that it So the yeas and nays were ordered. was not legal. Therefore, when a large number of ca es had accrued, The question was upon laying upon the table the motion to recon whereby an immense amount of revenue was being lost, the Depart sider the vote by which the amendment moved by l\Ir. KAsSO:N" was ment sent me a few lines saying that this bill ought to pa s. I think aclopted. beyonu all question it ought to pass, and I send up the letter of the 1\ir. PLATT, of Vir President's salary stands upon an entirely ilifferent ground from the samo mode as was done by the Forty-second Congress and by the salary of members of this House. It was fixed. at a tim~ when most honored names in our history, he must be a bold m~n or a man ·~, 000 in gold was ~ore than $100,000 to-da~ m producmg the ~gnorant or reckle s of the facts of history, who would for that cause necessaries, the eleganCies, and the comforts of life. rmpute a want of personal or official integrity. Whether, the lecisla I am at a loss, however, to understand by what process the gentle t ion of 1!?'7? upon .t~ subject was \vise and judicious or not if those man :from Pennsylvania [l\fr. CLTIIER] calls upon this House to vote who parti~Ipated llli~s enactment are po.be impaled in obioquy by for a law which is unconstitutional, as we believe, under the expec reason of Its retroa{ltive features, then It IS an obloquy that must be t.ation that the President would sign such a htw and then leave it for shared by the members of the Thirty-fourth and of the Thirty-ninth the courts to determine as to its validity. Congres es, and they, embracing such names as Solomon Foote John The object of my amendment is to leave the Cabinet officers and P . Ha~e, Charles SUfOU~r, Henry Wilson, William H. Sewa-rU: J ohn the second and third officers of this Government where they were J. Cnttenden, BenJatnin F. Wade, Stephen .A... Douglas Hannibal left in the act which it is propo ed to repeal. It is apparent :from the Hamlin, L yman Trumbull, William Pitt Fessenden, E . B. Washburne temper of the House that the design is to establish a permanent rule Robert C. Schenck, and Thaddeus Stevens, must likewise be placed~ regulating salaries for all future time, and we therefore ought to make attainder of perpetual reproach; for of these, and all the other mem it as just and as right as possible. . bers of. Congre~s in 1856 and 1866, some voted for, and all (with one But, sir, I wish to say at the ou.tset that the ~peaker of.t~ House exception) recmved the benefits of, the retroactive salary bills of those does not desire, and I have the highest authonty for saymg It, that y~a~s . Such nam~s ~these c~ot be divide_d £r:om the glory of our Lis salary should be increased. But we are establishing a rule not history, and no prrnmple can be JUSt the application of which would fm him alone but for all coming Speakers. And in regard to the consign them to reproach. If in principle there was any difference Cabinet officers a:[\d the other officers who are proposed to be left as between the act of 1866 and that of 1873, it would certainly have they now tand under the act of 1\farch 3,1873, I have heard no com ~een sharply developed in the course of this debate; but even the plaint anywhere that their salaries are too large. But in regard to mdustry and acumen of the eloquent gentleman :from Ohio [..Mr. the Cabinet officers, as I have already indicated, they have stood LAWRENCE] have b~en una;ble to discover any distinction, and when heretofore upon the same plane with the judges of the Supreme Court. pressed upon the pomt he IS compelled to concede that the only dif We have plaeed their salaries at 10,000, which iB for present and ference between the two is that one was more generally approved fnture judge , in all of w!tich I concur. By common consent, t~en, than the other. the salary of Cabinet officers should be on the same foundatiOn. Frequ~nt re~erence i~ made t? the all.eged public will of the country They arc unlike others; they can engage in no business ; they spend upon tJ;Us subJect.. It IS true, srr, that It has been the subject of wide tillcir whole time at the capital; they have their families here; wbp.e discusswn, and while no one doubts the fact that the adverse criti we, with t he exception of ten months out of twenty-four, are at_lib cism has largely proceeded :from honest conviction and patriotic erty to engage in any other pur.·uits or avocations. effort and purpose in the direction of a just administration of govern And as to the sscond and third officers of this Government it seems ment, it is not neces ary to disguise from omselves the fact that no to me, in view of their dignity, it is eminently proper they and the inconsiderable p~n:O.on of illiberal.criti?ism ha-s been the o:ffsprins- of jndges and the members of the Cabinet should be put precisely upon pers?~al and P?litical hates .and n valnes and personal and political the same le-.el. ambitions. . Still, a;tter m~g due allowance for that which is only Therefore I hope, sir, as we are establishing a rule, we will not the unconsidered VItuperation of speech and pen, and which entitles place the President of the United States in the humiliating p osit;ion itself to no consideration, I think in fairness it must be conceded that of saying to him, as we shall without these amendments, "We think the· settled judgment of the country insists upon a reinstatement sub you are receiving more than you are morally entitled ~o. You are stantially of the old law. To the considered and well-ascertained receiving twice what your predecessors I'eceived and tWice what any Judgment of the country, upon any proposed subject of lawfulle()'is0 of :\our successors mil receive." lation, I should be disposed to defer, even if my own views W ere fhave no sympathy with any attempt to do indirectly in regard to ?thm:wise. . But in additi.on to the considerations originally involved the· expenses of the President's department what we cannot do direct m this subJect, the question comes upon us now, when the condition ly, by cutting them down and compelling the President to pay them out of the country demands our earnest efforts in the direction of re of his own purse. I think we ought to have a proper regard for the trenchment and a husbanding of the resources of the country, and exaltt\d dignity of that offieial without reference to the present in whatever may be our own views of the value of conQTessional serv cumbent, because we are legislating for the futru:e. ~ salary should ices, we cannot do better than to begin economy and retrenchment 1Je $50,000; for when the salary was first established It was twenty with ourselves. · fise times the amount then paid to members of Congress, who only Mr. D.A.. WES rose. received $6 a day, amonnting to 1,000 a year, whereas now, with a The SPEAKER. Debate is exhausted on the pending amendment. salary of $50,000, he receives only, according to the reduced rate fixed l\lr. DAWES. I will ask the gentleman :from New York [Mr. TRE- by this bill, ten times the salary of a member of Congress. I hope, 1\IAThT] to withdraw his amendment to the amendment, and I will therefore, both amendments will be adopted. · renew it. .Mr. LOWE. Mr. Speaker, I tise pro forma to oppose the amend }.fr. HOLMAN. I hope the gentleman will not withdraw the amend ment. In t.he :five minutes t o which I am limited I cannot enter ur>on ment. Let us have a direct vote on the proposition. It stands in the a general discussion of this bill, and I shall not seek to contrib way of other amendments to the bill, and I object to its being with ute anytlLing to the sensationalism of this debate; but, as one who drawn. participated in the legislation of the last Congress, I desire to express 1\Ir. D.A.. WES. I should like to be heard a very few moments. in the briefest manner my own position in respect to the subject under 11r. HOLMAN. I withdraw my objection for the present to allow _ discussion. When the proposition to increase salaries was presented the gentleman :from iassachusetts to be beard. to the last Congress I was unable to give it my approval, not so much M.r. DAWES. I renew the amendment p1·ojor-ma, for the purpose :from any conviction that the increase propo ·ed was disproportionate of saying a few words. I am opposed to the amendment and the to the reasonable needs of Members and Senators in tho efficient anil amendment to the amendment. I am opposed to it for the rea ons I honorable execution of the duties of theh· official life, as because I submitted the other day, re-enforced by the condition of the Execu lleemed it unwise anll injudicious in the then existing state of the tive Departments of this Government, and desiring to stand in de- conntry, its finances, and its obligations, to enlarge expenditures in fense of those officers against this legislation. · that direction, and I was of opinion that it was better for Congress Sir, I feel at liberty to say that nothing could be so unfortunate a-s men, Senators, beads of Departments, a.ml supreme judges to await for us in this condition of affairs to insist upon putting these officers the advent of more prosperous times before insisting upon more com in the position of clutching at increased salaries with one hand and plete and adequate compensation. I therefore opposed and voted gathering in new ta.Xes with the other:-eoming to Congr e~ s and im against the measure in all its preliminary stages; but after it had ploring Congress to meet the current expenses by the impo ing of been attached to the general legislat ive, executive, and judicial ap new burdens upon the people, and in the next voice standing up here propriation bill by a majority -.ote of the House, and been approved by and claiming that they of all others shall hold on to this increased tho conference committee of the House anc.l Senate, I favored the adop salary. No such unfortunate position as that shall be assumed by my tion of the report, covering as it did other legislation of vital impor aid. I take the liberty to say in behalf of all those men that they tance, the questions upon w hlch could not be dinded and the fa.ilure are in heart and in spirit with us in the de ire to cut down every un of ,..,-hich would jeopardize the entire bill. The circumstanc~ and con uecessary and extravagant expenditure, whether it be in salaries or siderations which leu me to the views I then entertained, 'kdverse to anything else ; and the day will come-- the mcasme, still exi~t with increased force ; and as the question is Ur. TREUAIN. Will the gentleman allow me to ask him a ques now again _presented unembaiTassed by complications with other legis t.ion ¥ lation, I shall favor and vote for the reinstatement of the former rule }.fr. DAWES. I yield to the gentleman for a question. of comJ1ensation, or any measure that approximates it.· Mr. TREMA.IN. Has the gentloman the authoTity of any member Sir, although upon the hustings, and in much of the sensational of the Cabinet to say that he is opposed to these :being the salaTies juurualisrn of the country, this subject hus been largely discussed as for the future 'i - i.JlYOl ving a question of moral integrity, I insist that it is not actually Mr. DAWES. I have the authority in the character of all tho e such any more than is any other subject of legislation within the men to-Bay that they will not stand up before this country and insist proper scope of congre sion:ll action. In view of the undoubted con that we shall proceed to increase the burdens of the people in order stitut,ionul power of every Congress to :fix the compen ation of its to meet this increase of their own salaries while we cut down om own own rucrullers, in view of the fact. that that power has repeatedly and all others. That is my authority. If my :friend finds nothin~ in uee~ exercised by Congress, witll the appro-.al of the country, in the tho uhara.cter of the men who hold these hlgh positions that justifies 1873. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 271 him in standing by my side in vindica;ting them agains~ the po ition than $::J,OOO with the frankin(J' privilege, with the stationery allow into which they are thus forced, he m..LSrakes them. Srr, the people ance, anu with the mileage abuse added to it. It is only a fair, honest, of this country have confidence in these men. The people of this honorable salary which can be understood by the people. But when country believe that they are in those place , not for the sake of the yon put it back to $5,000, and restore the franking privilege and the illthv lucre that is a.ttached incidentally to their position, but they mileage and stationery abuses, you will increase the salary beyond and m·e there to serve their country- to take its sacri:ficms as well as to above what it was fixed on the 3d of l arch last. I have said thus take its honor . And that is why I have striven for the floor-solely much because I have been abused, and my colleagues who acted with in vindica.tion of their honor here in this Honse against the position me have Jleen abused, for our action on this que tion. 1\.fy colleagues into which they are forc8"d by this attempt. . have been hissed into silence in the convention of our State, and we I will not go before the people of this country and ay that these have had no fair hearing ; and I am glad that tb,is debate has fur m n de ire to have their salaries held up to this extravagant increase nished an opportunity for vindicating the action of the last Con which the people have condemned, and that at the same tim.e they gre s. come here and desire us to tax the people anew to :find the means for I desire to say, :Mr. Speaker , that I am willing to bow to what is paying them. called public opinion on this question. And I do it without com [Here the hammer fell. ] plaining, and would have done it in silence h ad not the public pre s Mr. W OOD. Will the gentleman· from Massachusetts p ermit me forgotten its high functions of giving correct information on t his to ask him a question before he takes his seat important subject. I t has suppressed the truth for the purpose of The SPEAKER. The time of the gentleman from Massachusetts putting in a false position men who have ever maintained good chaT has expired. acters for honesty and purity in all their public acts. They have Mr. WOOD. I merely desired to ask the gentleman from Massa been n1thle sly assailed a 1 "thieves" and "grabbers" for doing that chusetts whether the President has drawn his back pay. by which, if it had been fairly pre ented, none of this cl amor would Mr. DAWES. Wby, sir, I know nothing about such things. [Laugh have been raised. The facts on both sides have now gone to the ter.] country, and I am willing te abide by the second sober thought of l\lr. STORM. I rise to oppose the n,mendment P'I"O for·ma. all good antl honest people. I supported the act of March 3, 1873, and am willing to take my I have voted to repeal the act of l arch 3, 1873 · but I shall oppose stand by that action. But if the sy tern of reduction is to go on, at all times any attempt to restore the abuses which t h at act repealetl. and if the sal:1ries of members of Congress are to be struck at in [Here the hammer fell.] , this way, then I am willing to go through tho whole scale a.nd reduce :Mr. TREl\IAIN. I propose to modify my amendment at tho ex all the salaries that wore increased by that act, including the Presi pre request of the Speaker of the Ho111se, who cle ires that his name clent's salary, and the salaries of the Vice-President, the Speaker of shall not be included in it. I therefore propose t o strike out the the House, and the members of the Cabinet. If reduction is to be words "the Speaker of this House." . made I am willing to go back to the olu law a.s it stood prior to March The SPEAKER. The gentleman h as a right to modify his amend 3, 1873. ment. The gentleman from New York [ :Mr. HALE] moves to strike But I wish particularly to call the attention of the House to this out the words "during his present term of office," so as to leave the fact. Much abuse ha.s been heaped upon the action of the Forty t!alary of the President of the Unit-ed States untouched. The gentle second Con(J're ·. I stand here to >inclicate the action of that Con man from New York [l\fr. TRE:\1AL.~ ] moves to add to that the Vice gre · with ~ference to the salary bill '\\hich took the form of law President of the United States and the members of the Ca,binet, so as ou the 3d of March, 1873. I believed that action just; I believed it to leave their salaries at $10,000. The :firstquestionis on the amend- to be right and fair; and I believe it to-day. Anu I see not.hing in ment to the amendment. . the condition of things, nothing in the circumstances of the times, to Ir. COX. I call for the yeas and n ays on t he amendment to tlle hange my opinion, :we the public clamor which has been raisod amendment. against the action of that Congre s. . The yeas and nays were ordered. Three great abuses came down from former Congresses which that The question was taken; and it was decided in the negative-yeas Cougress undertook to meet and remedy. The e were the franking 75, nays 191, n ot voting 19 ; as f ollows: privilege, the mileage system, and the stationery abu es. ·1 say that YEA.S-Messrs. Albert, Albright, Archer, Averill, Bradley, Benjamin F . But tllo e three abu 'e had defied the action of many preceding Con- ler, Roderick R Butler, Ces na, Freeman Clarke, Clayton, Clinton L . Cobb, Crooke, 0re ·es; anu the Forty- econd took up tho e questions and tlisposeu Darrall, DeWitt, Eames, Eldredn-e, Farwell, Fie1d, l 272 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEMBER 17, ment of their compensation as members of the Forty-third Congre. s; anrl that Mr. POLAND. If the gentleman will wait until I have explained within ten days after the pa sage of thi'l act tho Treasurer of the United States Rhall forward by mail to each member of the Fortv-second Congress (who is not a my amendment he will understand what I mean by it. memller of the Forty-third Congress) y;·ho received additional coml?en ation under 11-lr. HOL~iAN . I ask that my propo ed amendment be read for F day, I believe that under the Constitution we have a perfect right to out of employment; while mechanics' tools lie idle i.ti their shops; make the salaries unequal if we choose. · when the busy hum of machinery no longer greets the ear- when such But I want to say a word to every man who received the back pay, is the condition of affairs why should we not .b.a ve economy here f And and I am myself in that category. If Congress should provide by I tell you, sir, that economy should commence in this Honse by re law that the salary shall be put back at the old :figures, $5,000 a year, pealing the whole salary bill as far as it may be constitutionally done. is there any man here who can stand up and say that he can or dare I only regret we cannot reach the salary of the Executive himself. . retain this accidental $5,000 which dropped into his pocket between The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. GARFIELD] during the debate the the two Congresses' I say that the true course for every man in this other day mentioned incidentally that the whole expenses of the Gov position is to vote for my amendment, and to account upon his sala1·y ernment for the ~seal year ending June, 1872, was 26,700,000 and for the increase he has drawn. There is not a man who can keep that he appeared to think that was a mere bagatelle. The fact is, a 1great money in his pocket if the proposition which has already been adopted many gentlemen have been members for so many years, and have in this House by a hundred majority should become a law. so lavishly voted away the hard earnings of the toiling millions of I want to say a word also to the men who have at this session come th~ people, that they consider $26,000,000 but a very small amount. into Congress for the :first time. This House has already, by a hun W1th $300,000,000 to carry on the Government and to pay the in dred majority, said that for this increase of salary which you have terest upon the public debt it is time the people should be look thus far received under the law you shall account upon your salary, ing at this question, and they are looking earnestly to see what our although we have no authority to authorize its recovery at law. We action will be. We should· practice economy; and when we do put have the same right to say that every man who, for the last Congress, ourselves right upon the record, then, and not till then, can we go be and under the same law, received an increase of 5,000 shall account fore the people asking for further taxation to meet the increased for it in the same way. expenditures of the Government. The people showed themselves .A. word as to the other part of my amendment, which relates to loyal and true during the trying days through which we passed in those men who have gone out of Congress. I admit we cannot legally maintaining the national honor and the national credit, and they will reach them. · We cannot authorize an action to be brought against not fail in this emergency. We have seen what they will do because them; we cannot bring them into court and make them account for the present administration, having failed to do its duty in this regard, the increase of pay which they have received. But when we repeal the people spoke out loudly against them in the la.st elections. the law uncler which they received that increase, when we have com [Here the hammer fell.] pelled every man within our reach to restore the increase of pay :1\Ir. HOLMAN rose. which he has received, if we provide that the Treasurer of the United Mr. WHITEHOUSE. J ust one mipnte more. This bill is n ot all States shall give these men official notice that the law has been re I desire-- pealed, with a request for Mlem to make restitution, that money will Afr. PLATT, of Virginia. I objeQt to any extension of time. buru in then· pockets,( if it is still there,) so that they cannot keep it there. 1\fr. WHITEHOUSE. This bill is not all I desire ; but it is the I tell you, Mr. Speaker, this is not a mere ln·uturn fulmen. It is a opening wedge. It will rest on a foundation as solid as granite pretty efficient legal remedy against those men. If any of them look itself, for it rests upon the intelligence and integrity of the American to any political future they will heed such a request of the Treas- people, who, at their own time and in their own way, will apply their urer of the United States. • power at the purchase, and will lift from its foundation the fabric of ~.h . BECK. I ask the gentleman from Vermont whether he thinks extravagance and corruption which has come to us as one of the the President's money will burn in his pocket T inheritances of our civil war. Mr. POLAND. That question, Mr. Speaker, is hardly germane to Mr. HOLl\UN. I offer as a substitute for the amendment of the the present amendment. gentleman from Vermont [Mr. POLAND] what I send to the Clerk's Mr. STORM. Let me a.sk the gentleman where has he kept his desk. · . money during all that time ' The Clerk read as follows : Mr. POLAND. I have already said,thati was not one of those who And provided further, :!'hat the amount which shall have been received by any . returned ba{lk pay. If this Congress had said $7,500 was the proper Senator, ReJ!resentative, or _Delegate of the present Congress who was a Senator, Representative, or Delegate m the Forty·Second Con~ess, as increased compensation salary to be maintained for members of Congress I should have felt for the Forty.second Congress, by virtne of the sa.iu act approved March 3, 1873, under no conscientious obligation to have returned it; but when and has not been returned to the Treasury, shall be deducted, in equal monthly this Honse has, by one hundred majority, said that the raising of installments, from the salary of such Senator, Repre entative, or Delegate hereafter, salary was wrong, and we must go back to the old :figures, I do not accruing during the present Congress, under the provisions of this act. think I should have had the hardihood myself to keep that $5,000; 1\lr. WILSON, of Indiana. I ask my colleague to allow me to offer and I do not believe there is a member who would do so. my amendment. The SPEAKER. The gentleman's time ha.s expired. Mr. HOLl\f.A.N. I understand that the gentleman from Vermont Mr. ELDREDGE. I should like to ask the gentleman from Ver [1\fr. PoLAND] accepts my substitute. mont whether he has been burned by the back pay which he has Mr. POLAND. There seems to be some question in the minds of taken, and whether he now complains because of that burning upon some gentlemen as to the last part of my amendment; I am willing his conscience 2.nd in his pocket. [Laughter.] to accept the amendment of the gentleman from Indiana, [Mr. H oL Mr. POLAND. There has been a considerable change of circum MAN.] stances within a day or two. [Great laughter.] Mr. WILSON, of Indiana. I hope that my colleague will now Mr. WHITEHOUSE. :hh'. Speaker, I have listened during this allow me to offer my amendment. whole discussion with a great deal of interest. Being a new member, 1\fr. HOLMAN. Is it the same that my colleague offered before f I come here perfectly untrammeled, to,speak and to vote accorcling to :hfr. WILSON, of Indiana. It is. ' the best light which 10ay be thrown upon it by the debates which Mr. HOLl\f.AN. 1\.fy colleague must know that the gentleman from have already taken place; and it is my wish and intention to act New York, to whom his amendment refers, was authorized to receive consistently with my duty as a member upon this floor. I must say, his compensation by act of Congress. then, notwithstanding all which bas been said so far by the ad J\fr. WILSON, of Indiana. I did not name the gentleman from vocates and defenders of the act of March 3, 1873, that in my judg New York. meut they have entirely failed to vindicate themselves. And although Afr. HOLMAN. I hope my colleague will not insist upon t h at I dislike, as a new member in this Honso, to say anything which amendment. · If he does, of course I should be compelled as a matter would seem to reflect severely upon my predecessors, still in justice of courtesy to yield to him. But my colleague must see another thing. to my own convictions of duty and my own opinion of what are the His amendment is not in order. The purpose manifestly in view-- wishes and the interests of the people I represent, I must declare that Mr. WILSON, of Indiana, and J\fr. PLATT, of Virginia, rose. the law increasing salaries was injudicious, unwise, impolitic, and The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Indiana [1\fr. HOL.t'fA.N] is uncalled for. entitled to the floor, and lS the only gentleman entitled to it. The Now, Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from New York, [Mr. TREMAIN,l rules recognize but one _gentleman on the floor at one time. The whose constituent I am, accm·ding to his declaration made the other gentleman from Indiana Ll\fr. HOLMA.J.~] will proceed. day, and who represents four million people, and thirty-two mem :hlr. HOLMAN. Mr. Speaker, I have not hitherto taken part in this bers upon this floor, in advocating the amendment this afternoon debate, but I desire to say a few words in support of t h e proposition I does not, in my opinion, correctly represent the people of his State. have submitted- a proposition necessary for the completG repeal, as t o Does he remember the action of his own State convention last fall f members of Congress, of the salary law. If there be any one thing the Did they not set the seal of their condeffination upon it¥ Although House clearly understands it is that the whole country, forming an the gentleman was elected a year ago last fall, be ran som seventeen opinion upon well-considered facts, has condemned the action of Con thou and votes behind his ticket· and when the Administration party gress in the passage of the measure generally known as the salary act went before the people in mu State last fall, every man upon our of the 3d of March, 1873; ancl that the country demands that Congress Stat.e ticket, supported by the united vote of democrats and liberals, shall repeal that increase of salary, shall retra.ce its steps, and restore was trhunphantly elected. Therefore I say I represent my constit ·things to their former condition as completely as it can be done under uents in denouncing the act of March 3, 1873 ; ancl I believe, sir, that the Constitution. Every utterance of the people demands this- the I truly represent the people of my own State in this regard, with public p1:ess, public conventions of aU parties, and, as far as it could be out reference to party or party affiliations. done, the ballot-box. I tis not" public clamor," but the deliberate judg It is time, 1\Ir. Speaker, that economy should be practiced in Gov ment of the people. I do not understand gentlemen when they call m ernment expenditures; and where can it commence better than in question the right of the people to direct their own affairs. I under this Honse 'I While the gTeat industrial interests of the country are stand this to be a Government of the people for the people. It is almost paralyzed; while the laborers of the country are almost all their own Gov~rnment; and I hold it to be the duty of the Repre- 18 274 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. D ECEMBER 17' sentative, when he ascertains the deliberate and well-considered opin grown up tmder the excessive currency of the war to the actual wants ion of his constit uents on a question of public policy clearly defined and n~cessitie~ of the country: With ~easonable economy there is no not the result of the passion of t he hour, but of deliberation- to ac necess1ty for mcreased taxation. It 18 economy and not increased quiesce -in it, and act upon it in his representative capacity; and if taxation tha,t is demanded. he is not able to do so in conformity with his own sense of what is [ Here the hammer fell.] right and proper, he should restore the trust to those who delegated Mr. HALE, of 1\Iaine, and l\Ir. BECK r ose. it to him. W ithout this obligation of the Representative t Ur. BUTLER, of l\fassachusetts. Then let us vote it clown. Niles, Nu.nn, O'Brien, O'Neill, Orth, Packer, Pa~, Hosea. W. Parker, Isaac C. Parker, Pru-sons, Pelham, Perr:y, Phillips, Pike, l:'latt, Poland, Rainey, Ransier, Ur. HALE, of l\Iaine. The debate bas been running hour after hour Ray, Richmond, Ross, Rusk, .Milton Sayler Scofield, Henry J. Scutltler, Sessions, aml uay after day, and I believe the House wa.n.ts to settle the ques Sheltlon, Sllerwood, Lazarus D. :::ihoemaker, Small, A.. Herr Smith, Geor~e L. Smith, tion. This will leave all the amendments pending. J . .Ambler Smith, John Q. Smith, Speer, Spra!!Ue, Stanard, Star1.-weatn.er, Stone, :Mr. TYNER. Is the demand for the previous question debatable f Strait, Stra. wbridge, Taylor, Thornburgh, Tod(f, Vance, Wallace, Walls, Jasper D. Ward Marcus L. Ward. Wells, White, Whitehouse, Whitthorne, Wilber, Charles The SPEAKER. It is not. G. Williams, James Wilson, Wolfe, Woodworth, John D. Young, an.d Pierce :Mr. TYNER. Then I object to debate. M. B. Young-155. The House diviued on the motion of l\fr. HALE, of Maine; and the XAYS-Me srs. Adams, Ashe, Atkins, Averill, Barry, Berry, Blount, Bright, Bromberg, Buffinton, Cannon, Freeman Clarke, Clinton L. Cobb, Stepnen tellers reported-ayes 42, noes 143. A. Cobb, Comingo, Corwin, Crossland, Davis, Donnan, Durham, Eames, Eden, So the House refused to second the demand for the previous ques Eltlredrre, Elliott,_Freeman, ~iddings, Eugene Hale, Robert S. Hale, Hamilton, tion. HancoCk, Benjannn W. HarriS, Joseph P....Hawley, Hays. Herndon, E. Rockwood Mr. MAYNARD. Is an amendment in order at this time Y Hoar George F. Hoar, Hooper, llo~ghton, Htmton, Kasson, Kelley, Kello~_g, Kendall, Lamar, Lawrence, Lawson, McCrary, .Alexander S. McDill, James w. The SPEAKER. It is not; debate is exhausted on the amendment McDill McJunkin, McKee, Mellish, Milliken, Morrison, Myers, Neal, Negley, of the gentleman from Vermont, [Mr. POLA...""\D,] and on the amend Orr, Paokard Phelps Pierce, _James _H. Platt, jr., Po~~r, Pratt, Randall, .Ra,. ment thereto offered bythe gentleman from Indiana, [Mr. HOLMA.J.'f.] pier, Rawls, Rea.d, R1ce,1 Robbms).. Ell1s H. Roberts, William R Roberts, James The previous question will be considered as operating on those amend W. Robinson, Sawyer, Henry B. ;:;ayler, John G. Schumaker, L<>aac W. Scudder, Sener, Shanks, Sloss, SJ.IUU.'t, H. Boardman Sm_ith, Snyder, Southard, Standeford, ments, debate being exhausted npon them. Does the gentleman from Sto= Stowell, Thomas, Townsend, Tremarn, Waddell, Waldron, Wheeler, Vermont [ l\lr. PO LA...'ill] accept the amendment of the gentleman from \Vhittiliead, Charles W. Willard, George Willard, John M. S. Williams, William Indiana [1\Ir. HOiilliAN] as a substitute for his own¥ Williams Willianl B. Williams, Willie. Ephraim K. Wilson, and Wood-102. l\fr. POLAND. I do. NOT VOTING-Messrs. Barnum, Bland, Roderick R. Butler, Darrall, Harmer, Hersey, Lamison, Lewis, Lowe, Lowndes, JI.L.'ll"Shall, _Maynard, McLe3!1,_ Mills, The SPEAKER. Then the question is on the amendment of the Mitchell, Morey, Pendleton, Pm-man, James C. RobiDSon, Sheats, William A.. gentleman from Indiana. Smith, Stepheus, St. John, Swann, Sypher, Tyner, Jeremiah M. Wilson, and Several MEMBERS. Let it be rea,d again. Woodford-28. The Clerk again read the amendment, as follows: So the amendment was agreed to. Ana providedftwther, That the amount which shall have been received by any During the calling of the roll, Senator Representative, or Delegat-e of the present Congress, who was a Senator, R eprese'ntative, or Delegate in the Forty-second Congres , as increased compensation 1\Ir. BUTLER, of Tennes ee, said: On this question I am paired for the Forty- eoond Congress, by virtue of said act approved March 3, 1873, and with 1\Ir. PENDLETON, of Rhode Island. If present, he would vote has not been returned to the Trea'sury, shall be deducted, in equal monthly install "ay" and I would vote "no." ment.'3, from the salary of such Senator, RRpresen~~ve, or D~legate hereafter accru Mr. HOLl\-U.N. I move to reconsider the vote just taken, and also ing during the present Congress, under the proVIsions of this act. move that the motion to reconsider be laid on the table. Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I desire to offer an amendment The SPEAKER. That motion is not in order, the House now act as an addition to that amendment. ing as in Committee of the Whole. The Chair inadvertently per Mr. POLAND. That is not in order, l\fr. Speaker. mitted tha,t motion to be made and voted upon this morning. l\Ir. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. Why not 'f · 1\.Ir. 1\f.A.YNARD. I move to amend the first section of this bill by The SPEAKER. ']J1e previous question is operating on the amend striking out of line 8, a-s printed, the words "or employe." The ef ment. fect of that amendment, if adopted, will be to relieve from the opera 1\Ir. RA..l'U)A.LL. No; the previous question ha.'l just been voted tion of this repealing bill the employes of the two Houses of Congress, down. . our. pages, our laborers, our doorkeepers, and that class of persons. The SPEAKER. That was on the bill; the previous question is Gentlemen who were here in the last Congress will recollect very clearly operating on this amendment. well that the subject of their pay was considered carefully, inde ,)Y The question was put on l\Ir. HOLMAN'S amendment; and on a di- pendent of the question of the sala1ies of members of Congress, and vision there were-ayes 61, noes 82. it was found that many of those men were inadequately paid. The l\Ir. HOLl\fAN and l\Ir. POLAND ca,lled for the yeas and nays. pa,ges for the House of Representatives wer~ receiving fifty cents a The yeas and nays were ordered. day less than pages of the Senate. These thin~s, OT a great many of Mr. KASSON. I rise to a question of order. The Constitution of them, were provided for and a-djusted in the bill before provision in the United States forms a part of the rules of this House, and I rai~:~e relation to salaries of members of Congress was incorporated in it. the point that under the Constitution of the Uuited States the House I have been at the pains to obtain from the Clerk of the House a cannot adopt this amemlment as a pa.rt of the law. list showing the compensation of the employes of the House as it was The SPEAKER. The Chair does not sit here as a judicial officer to prior to the passage of the law of last session, and as it is now. I exp01md the Constitution. If he ruled out all that is not constitu call the attention of gentlemen to that statement, in order that they tional it would probably greatly enlarge his functions. [Laughter.] may see what we are now doing in reference to these inadequately He does not do it. paid officers and employes. Before the law passed at the last session 1\h'. KASSON. I think they ought to be enlarged in relation to there were 45 folders who were paid 3.60 per day; under the law as this question. . it now stands they are paid $4.14 per day, their pay having been in The question was ta,ken; and there were-yeas 155, nays 102, not creased 54 cents per day. Then there are 23 pages, who are paid nQ.w voting 2B ; as follows : 3 ; a,nd so with regard to various other employes. This question was YE~S-Messrs. Albert, .Albright, Archer, Arthur, Bannino-, Barber. Barrera, Bass, considered at tho last session entirely independent of any question in Beck, Bogole, Bell, ~ie~, Bowen. Bradl~y. Brown, Bu.ckner,lluntly, Burchard, B~u reference to our own ~:~alaries or the salaries of the President and mem lei!:;'h, Burrows, Ben.1amm F. Butler, Cam, Caluwell, Cason, Cessna, Amo~ Clark, Jr., bers of the Ca,binet. !respectfully submit to the House thattheselabor John U. ·Clark, jr., Clayton, Clement . Clymer, Coburn, Conger, Cook, Cotton, Cox, Creamer, Crittenden. Crocker, Crooke, Crotmse, Crutchfield, Curtis, Danford, DawPs, ers are worthy of their hire, and I trust there will be no objection to De Witt, Dobbins, Duell. Dunnell, Farwell, Field, Fort, Foster, Frye, Garfield, Glo allowing their compensation to stand where it wa-s :fixed by the last ver, Gooch. Gunclml, Henry P.... Harris, Jolin T. Tiarris, Harrison, Hatcher, Hathorn, Congress after a very full, careful, and deliberate consideration. I do llrwens John B. Hawley, Gerry W. llazclton, John W. llazelton, Hendee, H ereford, not desire to occupy unnecessarily the time of the House, and will Holman:, Hoskins, Howe, Hubbell, Hunter Hurlbut, Hyde, Hynes, Jewett, Killina-er, Knapp, Lamport, Lr.nsing, Leach, LofL.w.d, Loughridge, Luttrell, Lynch, submit my amendment to a vote, calling attention again to the fol Magee, .Martin, .1\IucDougall, Me uita, Merriam, Monroe, .Moore, Nesmith, Niblack, lowing statement of the compensation of the employes of this House: Em.ployes in the Clerk--'s office, Hou,se of Representatives. Name. Designation in appropriation bill. Particular duties performed. Former Present salary. salary. Increase. Edward McPherson ...... Clerk ...... -·--·-· ...... $4.320 00 5, 000 00 680 00 3, 000 00 3, 600 00 *600 00 3, 000 00 3, 600 00 *600 00 2, 5!12 00 3, 000 00 408 00 2, 520 00 3, 000 00 480 00 2, 592 00 3, 000 00 408 00 ~~;~rtn;--~~:--~m--~~-~-~~~:::i :ITf~~~j--_~--\~~::-m~-~~::·-~: iTh~];:T~-~~~m-- 2, 5!}2 00 3, 000 00 408 00 Albort D. Wood ...... do ...... Assistant enrollfug clerk ...... 2,160 00 2, 500 00 340 ,10 AlmontBarne ...... do ...... •.....•.•.•... .•...... do •••...... : ..•.....•..•...... 2, 160 00 2, 500 00 340 00 2, 5!12 00 3, 000 00 408 00 ~~~uJ:. fu~ta;:~!. ~ ~=~~:~~:: ~~~=~: ~:::~~ :: ::~~ :::::::::::::::::::: :~::~:::::::::: .~d~~-C:.e~~-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-:::::::::: :~:: :::: 2, 592 00 3, 000 00 408 00 2, 592 00 3, 000 00 408 00 ~~'lc:-n.:rw1~~~~~: - :::: :~ :::::::: :~:::: ::: :~~::: :::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::~::: ~!g~~~~f~~k~:::::~::::::::::::~::~ :::::: 2, 1GO 00 3, 000 00 840 00 2,160 00 • 3, 000 00 84000 ~~~gJ.'J~c~!~~~s_::~:: ~:::::: ::::::.:::: ::: :~~ ::::::: ~: ::::::: :~::: :::::: ~ ::::::: ~~:;P~;e~~~k_-_-_-_-_-_-:.:::::: ~:·.::::::::: 2,160 00 2, 500 00 340 00 2,160 00 2, 500 00 340 00 ~~ - 1.~~ae~ - - ~~~~~: ::::::::: ::~::: ~=~ ~~ ~:::: ::::~~ ::::::::::::::: :~: :~: :::::::::~~: :~ ~~~~~vc~~ci;i ::::::::::::: :::~::::: 2, 160 00 2, 500 00 340 00 Juiu;ou Holcomb ...... ____ do_ ...... Indox clerk ...... 2,160 00 2, 500 00 340 00 1, 800 00 2, 000 00 200 00 1, 800 00 2, 000 00 200 00 ~~~t~:~-~~~~1~~~~ ~: ~ ~:::::: ~::::::::::: :== :i~ :: =::::::::::::: ~ ~ ~ ~::::: ~::::::::: ~~!~i~lt~~~~~~~?~~~::::: ~::::: 1, 540 00 1, 656 00 216 00 *Increase specifically limited while the- present incumbents hold the places. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEMBER 17, I Ernployes in the Cler"h;'s office, House of Representatives-Continued. Designation in appropriation bill. Particular duties performed. Former Present Name. salary. salary. Increase. John P . .Jefferis...... Assistant clerk...... Miscellaneous ...••....••..•...... •...... 1, 800 00 $2,000 00 $200 00 John .J. Piatt...... Librarian ...... Librarian ...... •...... 2,160 00 2, 500 00 340 00 Paul Stevens...... Assistant librarian ....•..••...... •.. Assistant librarian ...... 2,160 00 2, 500 00 340 00 2,102 40 2, 500 00 397 60 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 -~ih!!!\Fi~~~~::::::: ~: ~:::::::::::: .~~ie~~~~~~~~ :::::::::::::::::::::::: _~~i~~~~s~~~~~::::: ~:: ~::::::::::::::::: 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 ()() 1, 800 00 2, 160 00 360 00 1,440 ()() 1, 656 00 216 00 ~~~~H~)jjj~jjjjj~~jj~j:~ ~~#~~;::~m:.:::j~:::Hi(~~cl~;·:·:~~~:H:H>m: 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 Harrison S. Linker ...... •...... do ...... do ...... •...... •...... •.... 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 Six :firemen ...... ---·······--···-·-...... Firemen ...... •...... Firemen ...... •..•...... 1, 095 00 1, 259 25 164 25 E. Fayette Miner .....•...... ••...... As istant clerk...... Assistant statiorlery clerk ...... 1, 800 ()() 2, 000 00 200 00 1, 440 00 1, 656 ()() 216 ()() 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 250 ~ 00 50 tl[~n~~;;;;::;~;;~;~~jj~: :~j:~:- ~rz~~)~):~::mE:~jjjjjjj:::::· h~~7.~1:0\.:~.:.~:~~:j~ · . 720 00 828 ()() 108 00 .Joseph Reese ...,...... Furniture.-----· ..••....••.•.•.••.•.••.• Upholsterer...... •••....•..•..••...•.... 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 DOORKEEPER'S DEPARTMENT. Otis S. Buxton ....•...... ·····----- Doorkeeper. ------..••.•••••••.•.•.••... Doorkeeper ...... ••.••••...••..•.... 2, 592 00 3, 000 00 408 00 .John Boyd Assist:ant doorkeepe?= ....•.••.•..• ----·· Assist;ant doorkeep~r ...... 2, 592 00 !, 980 0 38 80 2,160 00 2, 484 00 324 00 =~nl.~~~~::::: :::::::::::::::::::: ~~~::=~:~~ ~J=~:o~::: :::::: ~~~::=~:~ ~~~~~~~~~-::::::::::: 2,102 40 2,4 4 00 381 60 WaiTeD S. Young ...... •••...... •. _...... Assistant superintendent document-room Assistant superintendent document-room .. 2,102 40 2, 484 00 381 60 .John A. Buxton ...... File clerk document-room ...... File clerk document-room ...... 1, 800 00 2, 070 00 270 00 1, 800 00 2, 070 00 270 00 ~;: :::::~~::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::: -~~~~e~-~~~~: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -~~~~~~~~ :::::::::::::::::::::::::: _- :::: 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 Twelve messengers...... Messengers, (during session of Congress) Messengers, at rate of ...... _ 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 1, 800 00 2, 070 00 270 00 1, 500 00 1, 725 00 225 00 :~~~~~~~~~== ~:::: ::~~:~:: ~~~:.~~~~~-~~~~~~~~~~: :~:::::: 1, 440 00 1, 656 00 216 00 1 ::::::::::::::::: - ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :·:·::: 3 60 414 54 j~~£~id~ -~~~~ :::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::: :~~: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :: : - ~~ ::::::::::::::::::::::::: :~~d~~:::: 2 50 2 87! 37! Three folders ...... do-·-···· ...... •.•..•...... do ...... •....•.....•.... do ....•.. 2 00 2 30 30 2 50 3 00 50 820 00 943 00 123 00 720 00 828 00 108 00 [~i:.:::~~:~ :: ::~~~~:~ ~~~~~:~~:~~: fiEf:::::::::::::::::~~:::::::::~::: ~!f::f~=1~f;~~::ii:~:~~~ 1 80 207 27 POST-OFFICE, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. WilliamS. King ...... PostJnaster ...... •..•..•.....•.... Postmaster.------...... •....••..••...•... 2, 592 00 2, 592 00 ...... II B. M.. VanKeuren...... Deputy postmaster...... Deputy postmaster ...... •...... 2, 0 00 2, 401 20 313 20 Four messengers...... Mes engers...... •..••.• ....•. Messengers ...... ••...... •..•..... 1, 7~ 00 1, 9 7 20 259 20 I Five assistant messengers...... Assistant messengers...... Assistant messengers . ...•...... _....•... 1, 0 0 00 1, 242 00 162 00 1, 728 00 1, 987 20 259 20 ~:~~~;~~-::~ :::::: :~ ::::~:: ~: ::: ~::: -~~~~~~:~::::~:: :::::::::::::::::::::::: -~~~~~:~::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::: 1, 080 00 1, 242 00 162 00 I OFFICE SERGEANT-AT-ARMS. 4, 320 00 4, 320 00 ...... t il~~e:s cower I ~fore the clamor of his constituents. It is his duty to mold E'j)eak in vindication of their own rights and conduct. Since the ad public !!entiment. If we find, upon full examination, that it is ne journment of the last Congress, many attempts have been made by cessa.ry to increase our salaries to $10,000, let us do it; if we find it the press in my· own State and elsewhere to provoke a controversy neces ary to bring them down to $:1,000, let us do it. But let us con with me upon this question, but until now I have remained silent sider the question like gentlemen and like statesmen. Let us not amid misrepresentation and abuse, preferring to be heard here upon stand here trembling in our shoes lest we may not return to these this floor first, and address my constituents from this stand-point. seats ngain. I let no consideration of that kind weigh with me. When the salary bill was before the last Congress I regarded the There is an old French saying, "What must a people be whose god is measure as calculated to arouse public indignation and bring upon a monkey Y" I say what must a people be who are to be satisfied by the members of that body the severest criticism; and in this I was not iille clamor and protestations of bowing to the popular will. I have mi taken. The people at that time were having their attention called bnt little confidence in a large part of these protestations. I make to the most gigantic frauds ever committed in this or any other coun no reflection upon any member; but I appeal to all whether there try, and were justly sensitive upon all matters which would tend to has not been a sort of heartlessness and emptiness in much that has increase the burdens which they were then called upon to bear by a been said here. system of taxation unequal and unjust. Believing hen that there If it should be the disposition of this House to repeal the act of wa~ no occasion for the pas age of such a bill, and that conomy should last March so as to put all these salaries back in statu, quo, I shall characterize every act of Congress, I steadily voted against the meas stand with other gentlemen in support of such a measure; and, when ure from the beginning to the end. Time has proven conclusively the proper time come , I well consider fairly, squarely, and honestly that the legislation was unwise, inexpedient, and wrong. this question of alarie ; but at present let us repeal that act in toto, There was, however, a propriety in some of the :first steps taken in if that is a proper reflex of the sentiment of the people. connection with this subject (as admitted by all) to modify the old Mr. BUTLER, of Ma-ssachu etts. I offer the following amendment: law giving to members of Congress mileage, because under that law Amend the second section of the llill by adding thereto the following : the pay of Senators and Representatives was unequal and unjust. Provided, also, That the mdmbers of tbls Congress who wore members of any pre This modification could and should have been made without becom ceding Congres , n,ncl who received retroactive increased compensation under an not pa ed at that Congress, sh:tll have tho amount (leclucted from the compensa ing obnoxious to the people of the country who have excessive bur tion which may become due them respectivolv in this Congress, unless such mem dens of taxation, and without increa~ing our own pay. Justice alone ber has already returned such inoroa e to the 'Treasury. demanded this, and when the question was :first moved in the House, Mr. MAYNARD. I rise to a point of order. I submit that this members labored more to equalize salaries than to increase them. But, • proposition is not germane as an amendment to my amendment, which unfortunately, the present law was the fruit of all their effort. Great relates solely to the employes of the Honse. injustice has been done many members in connection with this mat 111r. BUTLER, of M:a sachusetts. I will withdraw my amendment ter. until a vote i taken on the amendment of the gentleman from Ten It seems to be assumed by a certain class of people that there was nc see, [Mr. MAYNARD.] a combined effort on the part of all to defraud the Government, and The question being taken on the amendment of Mr. MAYNARD, by this rule men are to be judged. No matter how honestly they there were ~yes 47, noe not counted. may have acted, or how pure may have been their motives, they are Mr. MAYNARD. I call for the yeas and nays. all alike guilty of corruption and stealing. The press hns raised The yeas and nays were not ordered. this cry in many instances, and a clamor, neyer before equaled, has So the amenc1ment was not agreed to. been put forth without any regard for truth or propriety. Men who Mr. BUTLER, of Ma sachusetts. I nowoffertheamendmentwhich hava hitherto been considered among the best and most incormpt was read a moment ago. . · ible have been assailed and classed among thieves and the most 111r. HOLMAN. 1\ir. Speaker, is that amendment germane to the depraved. In the name of justice and fair dealing I here enter billy my protest against this course, as it not only involves the in The SPEAKER. What point does the ~entleman raise Y dividual character of the members of this body, but the good Mr. HOLMAN. I only submit that it 1s not germane to the bill: name of our country. The congressional election in my own district [Laughter.] for the Forty-third Congress occurred :five or six days after the ad The SPEAKER. If the gentleman will make any more definite journment of the last Congress, and it was stated shortly after that point upon the amendment, the Chair will mle uponit. The amend election, by the New York Tribune, that I stumped my district avow ment has reference to alary, and of course is germane. ing my intention not to take the enra pay, and thereby secured a. Mr. HOLMAN. It seems to me the proposition is inconsistent with seat in this House, when, in fact, I remained here until the ad the legislation embraced in the bill. journment, and not a speech was made or a word utteretl upon the The SPEAKER. The Chair cannot see how there can be a right to stump in any manner whatever by myself or any one in my behalf; go back and legislate concerning the pay of the Forty-seconci Con but, on the contrary, it was fully understood by my political friends gress, without there being an equal right to go back to the Thirty and others that I intended to take the money and should take it. ninth or any previous Congress. Since the meeting of the present Congress this same paper has 1\h·. HOLMAN. Very likely the Chair is right. reiterated this slander and falsehood. The SPEAKER. The proposition is evidently within the power of Is not a little of the honor and honesty of Horace Greeley, the the House. great founder of this paper, wanted here in this connection t Other 1\Ir. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. 111r. Speaker, I have not tres publications, governed by the same unworthy motives, have copied passed upon the time of the Honse heretofore in this debate, and I these articles, and by such means false impressions were obtained, do not propo e to do o now. If it is logical to require the refunding not only in regard to myself, but others throughout the length and of back pay received for the Forty-second Congress, it is just as logi breadth of the land. I only ask to have the truth fairly and honestly cal to require the refunding of back payreceivedforthe Thirty-ninth presented. I now stand ready to defend my action in connection with and the Thirty-fourth Congresses. If back pay was wrong for the this matter, and have no regrets or apologies to offer to any one. If I Forty-second Congress it was equally wrong for .the Thirty-ninth am called upon to make presents with my own money I prefer io be and the Thirty-fourth Congresses. Therefore, I hope we shall adopt my own judge to decide when, how, and to whom they shall be this amenilinent, and then I hope we shall bring ourselves to a vote made, or whether made at all. Can it be assumed that, because gen upon a proposition that shall put an end to further discus ion. I tlemen have taken opposite courses in this matter, as anece sarycon think the Honse, in instructing the committee in accordance with sequence some have acted honestly while others have acted dishonestly, the proposition of the o-entleman from Indiana [Mr. 0RTH] meant and have been governed in their action by base and wicked motives Y that our salaries should be fixed at 6,000 a year, which should be in Cannot men honestly differ in regard to their rights and their duties f lieu of all allowances except actual traveling expenses; that it did I took my money because the law of my country gave it to me, and not mean to interfere with the salaries of the employes of Congress because it was my right to do so. or the salarie of other officers of the Government. Others may have a different, and whattheyre~ard a more virtuous, Mr. D.A. WES. What, then, was the meaning of that part of the standard by which they are governed, than the law of their country, instructions which referred to that subject but I am willing to take this for my guide. In doing what I did I Ur. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. That part was put in, I have no acted in accordance with my own judgment, and followed in the foot doubt, to sweeten the dose. [Laughter.] steps of great and good men who have gone before u , and whose ex Now, let us go back to the matter perfectly clearly and like men. amples we have been taught to believe will not leau men very far After we have followed this to its legitimate logical r esult 1 and from the path of duty. Upon all of my public acts I invite the closest incluued the Thirty-ninth Congress, I trust the bill which will be criticism by those whom I have the honor to represent and from the introuuceu by my friend from illinois, [1\lr. HURLBUT,] fixing the country at large, for no man has a more profound respect than I have salary at $5,000, to take effect from the passage of the act, will be for an honest and intelligent publjc sentiment. It is the surest and passed, and we shall proceed to public business. safest guiue for us to follow in all we do and say. Several ME~rnERS. Good. Now, while I ignore and detest the madness which has character Mr. PARKER, of New Hampshire. 1\IT. Speaker, as a member of ized some men and a portion of the press upon this subject, I fully the Forty- econd Congress I desire to present to this Honse and the indorse that other anti better sentiment which has been expre sed country my reasons very briefly for the com e I have taken in con by honest people throughout the land. They have pronounced their nection with the bill increasing the salarie of Senators, Representa verdict against the present law, ancl in their intere t, aud in the tive::>, and other Government officials. I am thankful that a fitting intcre t of the country, I "ill most cheerfully vote to wipe out this opportunity has -pre en ted itself for so doing, and t.hat it has become Jegislation. In doing this let the principle apply to the highest as not only a privilege but a duty for the members of that body to well as the lowest. Let there be no exceptions. Starting with tho 278 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEM13ER 1 7' President, whose hand gave force and vitality to this measure, let to some straightforward, practical principle. This miserable question the work go on until it reaches the humblest clerk. If the princi of salaries has been occupying time of the House which onO'ht to ple is sound, and I believe it is, it should be made to apply to all have been devoted to the public business. The time of the people classes alike. If, under the Constitution, it will not reach all now, has been wa-sted in all manner of explanations, needed and not the time will soon come when it -will. If we mean genuine, thorough needed; and I desire now, as rapidly as possible, that the House reform, it can be done in no other way. Having said this much I am may come to a clear, distinct vote on a practical proposition lookin cr content. to an adjustment of this great question. Now, if I have a right t~ The SPEAKER. The vote now recurs on the amendment of the call the previous question I will do so. gentleman from Massachusetts. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. 1\f.r. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I demand the previous question on my amendment. ' A message from tbe Senate, by 1\h. GORHili, its Secretary, informed Mr. BECK. Is an amendment to the amendment in order Y the Honse that the Senate had passed the bill of the House (H. R:No. The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Massachusetts asks for a 482) to correct the enrollment of an a;ct entitled "An act for the relief separate vote on his amendment, and demands the previous question. of P. W. Standefer." The previous question was seconded, and the main question ord~red REVISION OF SALARIES-AGAIN. to be put. The Honse resumed the consideration of the sala....ry bill. Mr. S.M.ALL demanded the yeas and nays. 1\Ir. HURLBUT. I desire to reserve three minutes after moving The yeas and nays were not ordered, only 19 having voted in the the previous question. affirmative. The SPEAKER. The gentleman cannot do that under the rule. Mr. POTTER. I a-sk for a division of the House. He has five minutes to speak in favor of the amendment. Five min The House divided; and there were-ayes 118, noes 44. utes are then allowed for a reply; and then there will be a vote on J..h. HOLl\IAN. I rise to a question of privilege and mov_e to the substitute, if'the House shall second the demand for the previous 1·econsider the last vote. question. · The SPEAKER. The House is acting as in Committee of the Mr. HURLBUT. I am opposed to the pending bill because it un Whole, and the gentleman's motion is not in order. · dertakes to mix up question's which ought to be separated; because l\h. HOLMAN. I believe tellers were not demanded on the yeas it is a part of that system of log-rolling legislation which has injured and nays. the reputation of Congress more than anything else. .And I desire to 'l'he SPEAKER. They were not. state to the House that when our hands shall have been made clean, 1\h. HOLMAN. Then I demand them. I will then go just as far in the pursuit of a rigid economy in all the lli. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. It is too late. other branches of the Government as the gentleman from Massachu The SPEAKER. Tho gentleman's demand comes too late. The setts, the 0hairman of the Committee on Ways and 1\feans, or the demand for tellers on the yeas and nays must be made before the gentleman from Iowa, [Mr. KAssoN,] who has somewhat loaded a vote is declared. The amendment of the gentleman from Massachu practicable bill with impracticable and improvident propositions. setts is adopted. 1\h. DAWES. I rise to offer an amendment to the substitute. J..h. HURLBUT. I move the following substitute. The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks that the gentleman from Illi The Clerk read as follows: nois, according to the ruling under which the Honse is acting, has a Be it enacted, cl:c., That from and after the passage of this act the compensation right to have the previous question operating on his own amend of Senators~ Representatives, and Delegates shall be at the rate of 6,000 per an ment num, payable monthly; and in addition thereto the actual individual e:Kpenses of Mr. BECK rose. each Senator, Representative, and Delegate in coming to and returning from the J.h. DAWES. I desire to say to the House, in opposition to the se..'\t of Government once in each session, to be certified in writina by each. SEc. 2. That the compensation of the Speaker of the Honse of'Representatives amendment of the gentleman from Illinois-- shall be at the rate of $2,000 in addition to his pay as Representative, amonntingin Mr. BECK. I rise to a point of order. The gentleman from Mas all to $8,000; and that of the Vice-President shall be the same amonnt, with The sachusetts rose to propose an amendment which was not in order. I same allowance for traveling expenses as her einbefore provided. rise to oppose the amendment of the gentleman from Illinois, and SEC. 3. That all laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of this aot are herebv repealed. · submit that I am entitled to the floor. SEc. 4. That the Secretary of the Treasury is required to cover into the Treasury J.h. DAWES. I also rose to oppose the amendment. all sums which ID.c'tY remain undrawn, or·which have been received as increased com The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks that the gentleman from Mas pensation under the provisions of said act approved March 3, 1873, and which shall sachusetts cannot deprive the gentleman from Kentucky of the floor have or may come into his possession by the return thereof. . on that ground, having risen to offer an amendment which was not in 1\h. HURLBUT. On that substitute I demand the previous ques order. tion. 1\h. BECK. The gentleman has spoken ten times on this bill; I lli. D.A. WES. I rise to debate it. wish to s-peak on it once. Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. The gentleman has not the floor The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. BECK] is for that purpose, . entitled to the :floor. 1\Ir. DAWES. I have a right to debate it in opposition. J.h. BECK. Mr. Speaker, after the exhaustive presentation of The SPEAKER. The gentleman from illinois has the ffoor. the law and the precedents by the gentleman from Massachusetts, 1\Ir. DAWES. But he has not the floor to move the previous ques- [J.h. BUTLER,] the gentleman from Indiana, [J.h. WILSON,] and tion against my debating the amendment. others, proving the acts of l\farch last to be not only legal but in Mr. HURLBUT. I rise to demand the previous question. strict accordance with all former acts, it would be mere repetition if 1\h. D.A WES. I rise to debate the question. I should attempt to say more on that branch of the subject; and I Mr. HURLBUT. I ask whether, on the demand beingmadeforthe think it has been made equally clear that the members of the last previous question, the vote is not to be taken upon my proposition Congress were not only entitled to the same increase of compensa. without debate' tion which was provided for the members of the present Congress, · Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I rise to a question of order. Is but their right to determine the measure of compensation was, per not the Honse acting under an agreement that whenever the maJority haps, strictly speaking, confined to the then existing Congress. Wben of the Honse shall so determine it can stop debate and proceed to vote? an amendment was propo ed in 1816, providing that the increased com The SPEAKER. The House is acting under an order tor debate as pensation should not apply to the then existing Congress, Mr. Clay in Committee of the vVhole under the five-minute rule-one speech sa-id: for and one against any proposition. As to the amendment to defer its operation nntil the next Congress, he would Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. But with this limitation, put on remark that, in his judgment, there was more propriety in the law ending than be ,!ti.nning there.. It was more respectful to our sucecssors to leave them free to by the gentleman from Maine [Mr. HALE] having char~e of the bill deterniine what was the just measure of indelllDity for their expenses than for us . that when a majority of the House shall so determine it can stop de to prescribe the rule for them. We can best judge for ourselves. With respect to bate and proceed to vote by seconding the demand for the previous the supposed delicacy of our fixmg upon our own compensation, let the Constitu question. tion, let the necessity of the case, be reproached for that, not us. The SPEAKER. Certainly; but not until the member who has a I have never had the slightest doubt as tomyrightto draw and retain ricrht to speak against the amendment has been heard. the increased pay for the last and the present Congress, and I am 1,rr. HURLBUT. In that case, 1\fr. Speaker, I understand my de glad to say all the Kentucky members, both of the last and the pres mand for the previous question is not now directly operative, and I ent Congress, and our Senators as well, have done the same; to have will say two or three words in support of the proposition I have had done otherwi e would have been an imputation OJ! the int.egrity of the honor to present to the House. It appears to me that we have men whose memories are sacred with us. Mr. Clay, Mr. Crittenden, wasted a great deal of valuable time in various motions. J..Ir. Guthrie, 1\Ir. Davis, and many others equally honest and nJ.most lli. PLATT, of Virginia. Permit me to make a parliamentary in equally illustrious as they,haddonepreci ely whatwehave done. The quiry. There is misapprehension in regard to this matter. The gen Kentucky Legislature in March, 1867, increased their own pay not tleman demanded the previous question and yielded the floor; and I less than 40 per ceut., taking back pay from 1865. Many of the most understand the Speaker to decide that it is now in order to speak in eminent men in the State were in that Legislature, and while some opposition to the substitute. few of them have seen fit to criticise our action they have only ex Mr. HURLBUT. I am going on now to discuss my amendment. posed their own inconsistency. The SPEAKER. And the gentleman is entitled to five minutes for Having always believed that liberal compensation secures .faithful that purpose. • · and efficient service in all employments, public :1nd private, I neve!' 1r1r. HURLBUT. I urge upon the Honse the importance of coining considered $7,500 a year, with the burdens imposed upon us by the 1873. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 279 aboUtion of the fmnking privilege and the deduction of all milea~e The old republican members who had been defeated or bad retired and other perquisites, more than a reasonable compensation for the were all here, ready and anxious to bring all their influence to bear services of such men as the people ought to send hem; indeed, I am on their successors to induce them to sustain any measures the admin not sure that it is much better than the old law. I am officially ad istration might desire, and claim the offices to be distributed by-the vised by tho superintendent of the folding-room that tho postage on President duru1g his new term a.s the reward of their subserviency the same books we received last Congress will amount to $1,945.68, and zeal; in short, for those of us who had to remain and struggle to say nothing of speeches, miscellaneous documents, and other cor a.gainst such schemes, and make a show of resistance to such odds, respondence. I, however, opposed the passage of the bill of la-st :March nothing could be so gloomy and so hopeless a.s the certainty of an as a political blunder up to the moment when I saw a greater political extra session of CQngress under such circumstances. -·I have no donbt danger staring us in the face than the pa sage of the appropriation all these measures, fraught with so much of evil, some of which I bill of which the salary act was a part. - sec looming up now, would have become laws 'vithin six weeks if The constant struggle of the democratic party had been to show this Congress had met in March last. Their pernicious effects npon to the country that the extravagant expenditures of the Administra the country cannot be estimated in money; but the mere mileage and tion, ancl the enormous and unjust taxation imposed to sustain them, expenses of an extra session would have cost more than the increased hacl rendered a change of policy and of rulers absolutely nece sary -compensation for this and the last Congress, leaving the legislation and it seemed to me very impolitic for democrats to do anything out of the question. which might even seem like increasing the burdens of the people In view of all these things, when the final vote was taken in the for their own personal benefit. The increase of pay was of course last hours of the session, when several of my Kentucky colleagues · a republican measure. That party bad not only a decided majority who had steadily opposed the increase of salary up to that moment in both Houses, but the committees by which it was reported, voted for the bill, I declined to vote against it, and determined to brought before the House, and ingrafted into the general appropri take whatever of responsibility that course should involve; and I ation bill, as well as the conference-comnuttee of the two Houses, tate now, notwithstanding all the j~tro1· nf the press and the poli were all two-thirds republican. Without the airl of that machinery ticians, tLat it was wiser 3.lld better to pass that bill than to have this tho proposition never could have reached either House of Congress. Congress assemble in extra session in March last. We are numerically It seemed. to me to be a blunder for democrats to aid them in doing no stronger now than we were in March; but we are now a compact, so in any form, or so to vote as t o weaken our attacks upon the sup organized force, supported by a hopeful and united party. Then we porters of the Administration where weknewthey were weakest-in were disorganized skirmishers, with no ~ssurance that ~e could a<;t their reckless and wasteful expenditure of the public money and the in unison or that we had any organized p:u:ty in the country to fall taxation consequent thereon. nut when the last hours of tho session hnd back upon after defeat. The retiring place-hunters of the old Con arrived and the conference committee of the two Houses reported the gress are now gone, most of them disappointed and soured because bills which contained all the appropriations for the support and they have not been provided for. The hopeless bankruptcy of the maintenance of the executive, legislative, and judicial expenses of vast railroad corporations, whose schemes could not have been re the Government, with the increased salary clause embraced ; when the sisted then, is now apparent. The country is more jealous and watch Senate had rejected the proposed change to $6,500 ancl bad insisted ful of its finances, and hope is springing up out of the development on $7,500; when no division of the vote could be bad and no time of the wasteful extravagance which bas brought t}le country to the remained for any further conference, even if a hope for change ex verge of ruin. · · isted, another, a very serious, 1nestion was presented. If the bill I fully understand why the venal portion of the press and the lower failed, an immediate extra session of Congress was inevitn,ble, and order of pettifogging politicians have inflamed the minds of the peo no thoughtful, well-informed democrat, especially among those of us ple against their Representatives and sought to destroy that confi.:. who were re-elected, conld ~ook to that contingency with any but dence which is so essential an element in the usefulness of a member the most gloomy forebodings. The gentleman from New York, [ Ir. of Congress. Small men, without merit, can only reach a respectable POTTER, 1 who han opposed the increase of salaries in the few mo level by pulling down those above them. Envy is the meanest of inents allowed him before the vote was taken on the con:f;erence oU.r low passions. It is nurtured in the heart of a brainless wretch by report, expressed my views fully. He said: "worth in others, meanness in himself." The most abandoned woman But while, in these particulars, I do not favor the report of the conference com does not gloat over, or roll as a sweet morsel under her tongue, the mitt-ee, I think it would be a very great misfortune-greater than any which may calumnies whispered against a virtuous lady more than the pot-house result from the injustice of fixirig these salaries as proposed by the report-to have .politician does the charges of a venal scribbler against a reputable an extra session bTought about by reason of the failure of this House to agree to this conference report even as it is. I can hardly conceive anythin .~ more unfor public man. . tunate fo the -rublic Treasury than an e~-tra session of the Forty-third Con!ZI'css Only two classes of men can remain in Congress without adequate the House of Representatives of whioh will have a republican majority of more compensation: those who are so wealthythat salary is not onlyno ob than two-thirds-to take up the measures of legislation embraced in this bill, and ject, but who have their banks, their bonds, their monopolies, or their proceed to such other legislation as they may. * * * * * * With reference to the next Congress, I cannot feel nfuch confidence. I should, subsiclies to protect against honest legislation, and who can afford to therefore, fear that transferring such mea-s1.ues of legislation from this Congress to huy their place from venal constituents or Legislatures in order to the next, so far from leadintr to a saving to the public Treasury, will, no matter how tax the toiling millions to enrich themselves ; the other class com objectionable this present bill as repo1Wd from the commi Lee of conference may be, prove the very reverse. For myself, much as I object to this conference report, prises the corrupt bounds who sell tbeu· votes, degrade the country, I shall hesitate before I take the responsibility, if it comes to that, of bringing on sacrificing their honor and the interest of their constituents when an extra session by rejecting this report. ever by so doing they can put money into their own pockets. These My experience bas tan()'ht me that in these hurried :March sessions classes can serve here for nothing. Kentucky never sent eithu ,..f all the most mischievouslegisl ation was enacted. I have seen there them, and I tnLSt she never will; honest people do not want either constrllction, or rather destruction, of eleven States accomplished in if they know it. They want men who have no interest in legislation March, 1867. In March, 1859, I saw the bondholders ta.ke possession except the public good; and they ought to be made to pay a fair reo of Congress and rob the people out of untold millions; in March, 1871, ompense for the services of men of ability, so that poverty should I saw the vested rights of the several States almost, if not totally, de never be an obstacle to the acceptance of public position by men of stroyed by Federal interference with and cohtrol over their elections talent and integrity. If disinterested men of integrity and capacity 1.mder pretense of- enforcing the fourteenth amendment ; and all the could be excluded from the legislative halls, the lobby rings, which Ku-Klux investigation and political persecution inaugurated when the I fear too many of the scribblers for the press are paid to aid and sus House had not even a committee organized to consider or report upon tain, would have but litt le trouble in consummating theu· schemes of anything; and1 saw in March last the republican party, more over plunder on the Treasury. whelming in strength, more united in purpose, more overbearing and I had hoped, when public a,ttention was aroused and excited ovtll:" arrogant than I h ad ever seen them before, while the democratic party the so-called salary grab, that all the other legislation which bas was not only overwhelmed and dispirited, but by reason of our di depleted t he Treasury, crippled the resources of the country, or sapped visions and wrangles over the Greeley and O'Conner movements, it was the foundations of the Government, would, with equal diligence, be doubtful whether we could rally what little resisting force we nomi inquired into. If that had been done I would have felt, however nally had. much I may have been abused personally, that good results would President Grant, flushed with such a victory, was then absolute follow, but I h ave been disappointed. master of the situation. l\Iany of his strongest party leaders bad The recklessly extravagant expenditures in all the Departments f::illen because of their disobedience; others, and especially new men, of the Government; the immense sums wrongly given to bond· were certain not to take any risks by attempting to oppose him in holders; the monopolies to t he banks and other great corporations; anything. It was absolutely certain that the President and his Post the unjust tariff taxation; even the destruction of the rights of State!> master-General would promptly and vigorously urge (as they now and peoples, nnd all the schemes of centralization of executive power, · uo) the postal-telegraph scheme and the Government savings-banks, are not only not commented on unfavorably, but are even highly while cheap transportation in the form of r ailroads nuder Fedcr::W. commended, by many of those who are loudest in denouncing in every patronage, vast national educational schemes and civil-rights bills, form of billingsgate what they choose to cull the "salary steal." In utterly subverting State authority and law, to say nothing of the obvi many instances the e great robberies n.nd usurpations are in part ous combinations to support the then staggering and now bankrupt their own, and, like the Artful Dodger, they raise the "hue and Northern Pacific and Southern P acific Railroads, with all their kindred cry" of thief against honest men to divert attention from themselves. measures in combination, which would have been rapiilly pressell and Tho nervousness of the House shows how well they unc:le:retand surely passed-measures which would have so centralized and con human nature. solidated Federal power and increased Execntive authority and No man can honestly a sert that a sala.ry of e7,500 is more tb.an a patronage as to have rendered a change of administration impossible. faithful Ropresontati v'o is worth. The se1·vices.he is compelled t.o 280 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEMBER 17, render to in( ivi.duaJs outside of his public duties in Congress would 1\fr. DAWES. I will tell the gentleman. It is in striking out at the lowest ..,ce of compensation charged by attorneys for Jike erv· "$2,000 ".for ~he Speaker ~d putting ~ "$3,009" for the Speaker, ices amount to 7,500 a year. Sir, a Representative cannot board and putting m the same thing for the Vrce-Pre 1dent of the Unit.ed his wife and two children (and that is not a large average family) · States; .and I submit that, however right that 1?-~Y be in principle, he for $500 a month at any hotel in Washington, and every man knows has no nght, because he does not know the opnnon of this House to that he cannot engage in his profes ionsucces fully during the recess make that alterat?-o~. I will ?Ot say that it was a fraud upon the of Congress; indeed, if he does his duty, it will require every moment House, for I am willing to believe tha.t the gentleman from Illinois of his time to acquire a knowledge of the great questions which he had not the slightest intention of that kind; but under such a prac is compelled t.o grapple with while here. How to raise 3.=iO,OOO,OOO tice as that there can be no safety in legislation, and it ought not to of revenue annually, and how to distribute it so as not to oppress be tolerated for one moment. · or defraud the people; how to preserve and maint-ain their rights ~Ir . BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I desire to debate the bill now. from the encroachments of power; how to protect commerce and agri The SPEAKER. The Chair will be obliged to the gentleman from culture in a contest with all the nations of the earth, are not theme illinois [1\fr. HURLBUT] if he will leave his amendment in its for school-boys. Trained men, with all the intellect, industry, and original shape. energy they can bring to bear, can hardly master them. Only such Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. Not until I have spoken upon it. are fit to be here. It is the fault of the people if they do not send ~fr . HURLBUT. I hope the Honse will hear me say a few words such, and they ought to pay for their services what they are worth in the nature of a personal explana.tion. when they send them. The _SPEAKER. The Chair will be exceedingly obli~ed to the Still I will obey instructions. My opinion in a matter of the amount gentleman from Illinois if he will put his amendment in rts original of compensation ought not, I·suppose, to control my action against the shape, although it reduces the Speaker's salary $500. He asks as a will of the people when expressed(whether on careful con ide-ration or special favor that tha.t be done. From the language of the gentleman not) in the way in which popular opinions are usually expre sed, and from Massachusetts [l\Ir. DAWES] it might possibly be inferred by I shall, against my judgment of what is for the best interest of the some per ons that the Speaker might have been privy to the· altera COlmtry, vote for a return to the rate of compensation fixed before the tion. . The language of the gentleman was Sl:l-SCeptible of that con law of March last was passed. I will refund whatever I am required struction. to pay by any law that may be passed. I want it to be distinctly 1\fr. DAWES. O, no, 1\Ir. Speaker. understood that I will not pay back one dollar except as proviued by The SPEAKER. The Chair begs as a personal favor of each mem law. I consider that I have rendered the country and my constitu ber of the House that before the amendment is submitted it shall ents service at least equal to all the money I have received. So be as it was originally offered, and the Chair will regard any gentle believing, I shall keep what the law does not take from me. man who objects as having malice toward him. :Mr. HURLBUT. I now insist on the previous question. l\fr. DAWES. The Chair of course knows, for he knows me, that I Mr. D.A.WES. I wish to say that if the previous question is voted did not intend anything of that sort. down I will offer as an amendment the bill reported back by the The SPEAKER. The Chair does not think the gentleman intended committee under the instructions of the House. it ; but he thought the language might be so con trned. It would The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Illinois desire the pre r lieve the Honse, it would relieve the gentleman from Illinoist and vious question on his substitute only, or on the substitute and the billY it would relieve the Chair to have the amendment put in the sh&pe Mr. HURLBUT. Upon the whole. in which it was originally offered. Mr. HALE, of M_aine. I ask the gentleman to insert $5,500 instead 1\Ir. D.A. WES. Of course the Chair knows that I did not intend to of $6,000. cast any such imputation, and if any remark I have made may have Mr. DA'VES. I ask the gentleman to make another modification. left such an impression it was the widest thing po ible from my in Mr. PLATT of Virginia. I object to debate. · tention; but I know how the thing was done and by wha.t counsel it 1\Ir. DAWES. I ask the gentleman to .take the bill reported by the was done. committee under the instructions of the House. 1\Ir. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I have a word to say now with 1\fr. HURLBUT. Mine is a substitute for the bill. the leave of the Chair. It has always been the practice in all Con 1\Ir. DAWES. Let it be read. {.P.'e ses to fix, a-s I understand it, the salary of the Speaker of the The Clerk read 1\fr. HuRLBuT's amendment, as follows: Honse and-of the Vice-President at a rate greater by one-half than That from and after the passao-e of this act the compensation of Senators, Rep that of a member. I observed that by inadvertence, without intend r e ent:l.tives., and Dolegates shall be at the rate of ~.ooo per annum, payable ing it, the gentleman from Illinois had brought down the salary of monthly, ana in a-ddition thereto the actual individual expen es of eaoh Senator, Representative, and Delegate in going to and returning from the seat of Govern the Speaker below that rate. And while I knew that the Speaker ment once in each se sion, to be certified in Wiiting by each. would not care anything about it a-s a matter of money, yet I sup SEc. 2. That the compen.~ation of the Speaker of the Honse of Representatives posed he wonld not like to have it said that the Honse of Representa shall be at the rate of $3,000 in adilition to his pay as Representative, amounting tives over which he presided had deliberately cut down his salary as in all to 9,000; and that of the Vice-Pre ident shall be the same amo1mt, with the same allowance for traveling expenses as hereinbefore provided. the only one. Therefore I went to the gentleman from illinois, sug SEC. 3. That all laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of this gest.ed the fact to him, and aid to him, "Your amendment being in act are hereby repealed. · your own hands and a vote not having been taken upon it you have SEc. 4. That the Secretary of the Treasury is required to cover into the Treasury a right to alter it." That is the counsel and advice under which the all sums that may remain .u~drawn, ?r which have been received as incre~e-d com pensation, under the proVISion• of sa1d act approved March 3, 1873, and which shall gentleman acted. have or may come into his possession by the return ~ereof. 1\Ir. DAWES. So I supposed. 1\fi. D.A.WES . I make the point of order that that amendment has 1\Ir. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. I know yon supposed so ; you been altered since it was submitted and debated and the previous certainly had nothing to do with it yom elf. . question called upon it. 1\Ir. WHEELER. I rise to a point of order. I suggest that the The SPEAKER. The previous question ha-s not yet been ordered. modification made by the gentleman from Illinois was void from the 1\fr. DAWES. The gentleman made a motion for the previous beginning, he having himself moved the previous question, and that question, and after having submitted an amendment and having it while that was pending he had no power to modify his amendment. debated on both sides, he is not at liberty, without th~ knowledge of The SPEAKER. The point of order of the gentleman from New the House, to go and alter it. York is a purely abstract one, as the gentleman will see when the 1\fr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. How does the gentleman know amendment is read. The Clerk will read the amendment. the fact¥ The Clerk read as follows : Be it enacted-, etc., That from and after the passaa-e of this act the compemu,G.on Mr. DAWES. I rise to debate it in its present form. of Senators Representatives, and Delegates shall 'be at the rate of S(i,OOO per an The SPEAKER. The point of order is well taken. · num, payable monthly, and in addition thereto the actual individual expenses of Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. It involves a question of fact. each Senator, Representative, and Dele~ate in going to and returning from the seat :Mr. DAWES. I suggest to the gentleman from Illinois whether it of Government once in each session, to oe certified m writincr by each. SEC. 2:- That tlie compensation of the Speaker of the Houso of Representatives was fair, after having submitted an amendment to the Hon e in one shall be at the rate of 2,000 in addition to his pay as Representative, amounting form, debated it himself in that form, and received debate in opposi in all to ,000; and that of the Vice-President shall be the same amount, with the tion to it, then, unknown to the House, to go to the Clerk's desk and same allowance for traveling expenses as hereinbefore provide-d. alter that amendment, and call the previous question upon it without SEc. 3. That all laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of this act are hereby repeale-d. informing the House of that fact. Now, I have to say to the House EC. 4. That the Secretary of the Treasury is required to cover into the Treasury that if they will vote down the previous question I will offer as a all um.s that may remain undrawn, or which have been received as incre.'l ed com substitute for the gentleman's propo ition the bill reported back to penRation, under the provisions of said act approved March 3, 1873, and which the House by the committee under the instructions submitted by the shall have or may come into his possession by the return thereof. gentleman from Indiana, [1\fr. ORTH,] and then, as soon as I ca;n under The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois [:hfr. HURLBUT] the rule , I will call the previous question. If the House will then and the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. DAWES] will please act adopt that as a substitute for the amendment which the gentleman as tellers on the question of seconding the demand for the previous from Dlinois has felt it his duty to put in the shape he has, then they question. will come to a direct vote between his bill and the bill as it came ~Ir. G. F . HOAR. I rise to a question of privilege. I wish to ask from the committee, under the deliberate instructions of the Honse the Speaker, with the greatest respect, to withdraw the remark with after full debate. which he accompanied his request that nobody would object. 1\Ir. MAYNARD. Before the gentleman iiakes his seat, will he tell The SPEAKER. The Chair does withdraw it. However, it applied us in what the alteration that has been made in the amendment con to no ge.ntleman,for no gentleman objected. sists 'l The gentleman from Massachusetts [~fr. G. F. HoAR.] would havo 1873. CONGRESSIO~AL RECORD. 281 to stand in the Speaker's place to rea~e the peculia;r e~ba'rrass~ent Ro erts, William R. Roberts, .Tames W. Robinson, Ross, Rusk, Milton Sayler, which the situation threw arouna Jnm. It put hrm m an attitude Scofield, Sessions, Sherwood, Lazarus D. Shoemaker, A. Herr Smith, J. Ambler Smith, John Q. Smith, Southard, Speer, Sprague, Starkweather, Strait, Tys_er, ·possibly of conniving in some way at an increase of 'his salary. He Waddell, Walls, W ells, Whitehouse, Wbitthorne. Wilber, Charles W. Willard, can stand a reduction; but not an increase. George Willard, Charles G. Williams, William :B. Williams, .Tames Wilson, Wood. Mr. G. F. HOAR. I sympathized most cordially with the feeling of ford, and Woodworth-105. the Chair and respected it; but I am sure that the pre ent occupant NOT VOTING-Messrs. Barnum, Bland, Hersey, Lamison, McKee, Mitchell Pnrmll?t James C. Robinson, Sheats, William A .. Smith, Stephens, St. John, and of the Ch~ knows that no man respects him more highly than I do. Tremam-13. I do think the Chair ouO'ht not to say to the House, in determining So the main question was ordered. whether objection should or should not be made, t~at he 'Yould ;regard any member who objected as having personal malice agamst hims~lf. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. The SPEAKER. The Chair himself knows that the expresswn A messa~e from the Senate was communicated to the House by Mr. was warm, and he regretted it afterward; it escaped his lips witho~t GORHAM, 1ts Secretary, informing the House that the Senate had sufficient consideration. But the gentleman from Massachusetts will passed, with amendments in which the concurrence of the House was observe that the propo ition was one affecting the present occupant requested, a bill of the House of the followin~ title: of the Chair only; and no member in obje~ting could have any other A bill (H. R. No. 481) making appropriations for extraordinary object than in some way to control the actiOn. of ~he Speaker.. If the expenses of the naval service. proposition had been one of more general applicatwn, the Charr would not have made the remark ;he did; and he joins the gentleman from SALARY BILL. Massachusetts in the regret that he did make it. . . The Honse resumed the consideration of the salary bill. Mr. E. R. HOAR. I wish to know whether the Charr mtends to Mr. SPEER. I move that the House. now adjourn. say that if we fix the compensation of the Speaker of the House of ~fr . MAYNARD. I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. If the House R epresentatives for the future, that is a matter which only concerns shall adjourn now, the previous question havin~ been ordered upon the present occupant of the Chair. . . . the pendinl? bill and amendments, will not this b1ll come up for action The SPEAKER. No, sir; and the Charr:vm be ~erymu.ch ?bliged the first thf-f~o-morrow Y to the gentleman o:fferin~ the amendment if he will mo.dify 1t so as The SPE R. It will. to limit its operation to tne present occupant of the Charr. The question was then taken on the motion to adjourn; and it was 1\fr. WHEELER. I desire to renew my point of order. not agreed to. The SPEAKER. The point of order is good. The SPEAKER. The main question having been ordered, the first ?fir. WHEELER. I wished a ruling upon it. question is upon the substitute moved by the gentleman from Illinois lli. HOLMAN. Is it not an almostevery-daypracticeformembers [Mr. HURLBUT] for the bill as amended by the House. to go to the Clerk's desk and make verbal alterations in their amend- Mr. HOLMAN. .And on that question I call for the yeas and nays. m ents before tltey are voted upon Y . The yeas and nays were ordered. The SPEAKER. The Chair will state the rule. In CoiDIDlttee of The question was taken; and there were-yeas 139, nays 130, not the Whole a gentleman cannot withdraw an amendment witho~t voting 16 ; as follows : unanimous consent; nor can he modify it, because that may make 1t YEAS--Messrs. Adams, Albert, Archer, Ashe, Atkins, Averill, Barrere, Barry, an entirely new amendmC'nt. Beck , Begole, Biery, Bowen, Bra-dley, Bright, Buffinton, Burrows, Benjamin F. Mr. HOLMAN. But the practice is-- Butler, Roderick R. Butler, Cain, Cessna., Amos Clark, jr., Clayton, Clements, The SPE..A.KER. Precisely; but practice by ~enera.l consen~ is not Clinton L. Cobb, Comingo, Cook, Creamer, Crocker, Crooke, Crossland, Crutch. consistent with the rule of the House. According to the stnct rule field, Darrall, Davis, Do Witt, Dobbins, Duell, Durham, Eldredge, Elliott, Far his well, Field, Freeman, Giddings, R~b ert S. Hale, Hamilton, Haitcock, Harmer, of the House, t he gentleman had no right to modify amendment; Benjamin W. Harris, Harrison, Hathorn, Havens, Hays, John W. Hazelton, Hern under the practice of the House, he had. . - don, E. Rockwood Hoar, George F. Hoarr Houghton, Howe, Hubbell, Hunton, The House divided upon seconding the previous questiOn; and the Hurlbut, Hynes, K elley, La-mar, Lamport, Lansing, Leach, Lewis, Lofland, tellers reported that there were-ayes 141, noes 48. Lowndes, Lynch, Alexander S. McDill, McJunkin, McKee, Mellis~ Milli· k en, Morey, Myers, Negley, Nesmith, Nunn, O'Brien, O'Neill, Packar Page, So the previous question was seconded. Isaac C. Parker , Parsons, P elham, Phelps, James H. Platt, jr., Thomas . Platt, The question was: "Shall the main question be now putt " Rainey, Randall. Ransier, Rapier, Rawls, Ray, Rice, Richmond, Sawyer, John Mr. DA'VES. Upon that I call for the yeas and nays. G. Schumak er, Henry J. Scudder, Isaac W. Scudder, Sener, Shanks, Sheldon, The question was taken upon ordering the yeas and nays; and there Sloss, Smart, George L. Smith, H. :Boardman Smith, .r. Ambler Smith, Snyder, Stanard, Standeforct, Storm, Stowell, Strawbridge, Swann, Sypher, Taylor, Thomas, were 41 in the affirmative. Thornburgh, Townsend, Vance, Waddell, Waldron, Wallace, Walls, Jasper D. So (the affirmative being more than one-fifth of the last vote) the Ward, Marcus L. Ward, Wheeler, White, Whitehead, John M. S. Williams, yeas and nays were ordered. William Williams, Willie, Ephraim K. Wilson, Wood, and Pierce M. B. Young-139. The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Maine [Mr. HALE] de NAYS--Messrs. Albright, Arthur, Banning, Barber, Ba , Bell, Berry, Blolmt, Bromberg, Brown, Buckrier , Bundy, Burchard, Burleigh, Caldwell, Cannon, Ca on, sire to clo e the debat e Y Freeman Clarke, Clymer, Stephen A . Cobb, Coburn, Conger, Corwin, Cotton, Mr. HALE, of Maine. I do not want time of any consequence Cox, Crittenden, Crounse, Curtis, D anford, Dawes, Donnan, Dunnell, Eames, for myself; but I have agreed that certain gentlemen shall have a Eden, Fort, Foster, Frye, Garfield .... Glover, Gunckel, Eu~ene Hale, Henry R. part of my time. Harris, John T . Harris, H atcher, tJohn B. H awley, Jo epn R. Hawley, Gerry W. Hazelton, H endee, H er eford, Holman, Hoskins, Hunter, Hyde, J ewett, Kas 1\fr. SPEER. I move that the House adjourn. son, Killin~~r , Knapp, Lawrence, Lawson, Loughridge, Lowe, Luttrell, Magee, Mr. HALE, of Maine. I do not yield for that. The hour for closing Marsh all, Martin, Marnard, McCrary, James W. McDill, MacDougall, McLean, debate is after the main question has been ordered t McNulta, Merriam, Mills, Mom·oe, Moore, Morrison, Neal, Niblack, Niles, Orr, The SPEAKER. That is for the election of the gentleman. He Ort-h, Packer, Hosea W. Parker, P endleton, Perry, Phillips Pierce, Pike, Poland, Potter, Pratt, Reacl, Robbins, Ellis H. Roberts, William R. Roberts, James W. can take it now, or after the main question shall have been ordered. Robinson, Ross, Rusk, H enry :B. Sayler, Milton Sayler, Scofield, Sessions, Sher Jtfr. HALE, of Maine. I will take it after the main question has wood, L azarus D. Shoemak er, Small, A. H err Smifh John Q. Smith, Southard, been passed upon. . . . . Speer, Sprague, Starkweather, Stone, Strait, Todd, Tremain, Tyner, Wells, The question w as then t aken upon ordenng the mam questio_n; and Whitehouse, Whitthorne, Wilber, Charles W. Willard, Geor~o Willard, Charles G. Williams, William :B. Williams, James Wilson, J er emiah M. Wilson, Wolfe, it was decided in the affirmative-yeas 167, nays 105, not voting 13; Woodford, Woodworth, and John D. Young- 130. a-s follows : NOT VOTING- Messrs. Barnum, Bland, John B. Clark, jr., Gooch, Hersey, Hooper, K ellogg, K endall, Lamison, Mitchell, Pnrman, James C. Robinson, YEAS--Messrs. Adams, Albert, Albright, Archer, Arthur, Ashe, Atkins, Averill, Shea~, William A. Smith, Stephens, St. John-16. :Barber , :Ban·ere. :Bass, :Beck, :Begole, :Bell, lli_ery, Blount, Bowffi?-. Bradley, Brig~t , Buckner, Buffin ton, Bundy, Burrows, Benjamm :!!'· Butler R~d enck R. Butl~r , Cam, So the substitute of M:r. HURLBUT was agreed to. Cason, Cessna, Amos Clark, jr., John B. Cla!k, Jr., Clayton, Cleme~ts , Clinton L. Cobb Comingo, Conrrer Cook, Creamer , Cnttenden. Crock er, Croo.-e, Crossland, Mr. CESSNA. I move to r econsider the vote just taken, and also Cro~se , C rutchfi ela:' Darra~l ~avis DeWitt, Dobbins, Duell, El~lredge . E'Jiott, move ~hat the motion to reconsider be laid on the table. -· Farwell, Field, Freeman, Guldm,!!s Glover, Robert S. Hale, llamilton, Hancock, Mr. HOLMAN. I move that the House adjourn. Harmer, Benjamin W. llarris, Henry R. Harris, Harrison, Hat cher, Hathorn, Several MEMBERS. 0, no! llavens, IIays, John W . llazelton, H erndon, E. Rockwood HoarhGeorge F . Hoa.r, Hooper, Hoskins, Hubbell, Hunton, Hurlbut, Hyde, Hynes, K e ey, K ellogg, Kil The motion of Jtfr. HOLMAN was not agreed to. lin"er Lamar Lamport, Lansing, L each, Lewis, Lofland, Lowndes, Luttrell, The question recurring on the motion of Mr. CESSNA, L~ch, Ma_gee,' Maynard, .Alexander S. McDill, . Mac:J?.ougall, McJn,n ~. M?lli~b , 1\fr. HOLMAN called for the yeas and nays. Milliken Moore, More:v, Myers, Negley, N esnuth, ]i; iles, N unn, 0 llnen, 0 Neill, The yeas and nays were not ordered ; there being ayes 23, noes not Packard,' Page, Isaac C. Parker, Parsons, P elham, Phelps, Pike, James H . .Platt, jr., Thomas C. Platt, RaineyJ.. Ransier, Rapier, Rawls, Ray, Read, Rice, Richmond, counted. The question being taken on the motion of ~fr. CESSNA, it waA Robbins, Sawyer, H enry B. ::;avler, John G. Schumaker, H enry J. Scudder 1 Isaac W. Scudder, Sener, Shanks, Sheldon, Sloss, Small, Smart, George L. Snut~ , H. agreed to. :Boardman Smith, Snyder, Stanard, Standeford, Stone, Storm, Stowell, Strawbndge, So the motion to reconsider the vote by which the substitute of Mr. Swann, Sypher, Taylor, Thoma , Thornburgh, Todd, Townsenn, Vance, WaldrOn, Wallace, Jasper D. Ward, Marcus L. Ward, Wheeler, White, Whitehead, J ohn M. HURLBUT was a-dopted was agreed to. S. William. , William Williams, Willie, Ephraim K. Wilson , J eremiah M. Wilson, Mr. W. R. ROBERTS. I move that the House now a-djourn. Wolfe, Wood, John D. Young, ant.l Pierce M. B. Young-167. The question being taken on the motion, it was declared not N A.YS--Messr . Banning, Barry, Berry, Bromberg, Brown, Burchard, Burleigh, agreed Caldwell, Cannon, Freeman Clarke, Clymer, Stephen A. Coub, Coburn, Corwin, to. C:otton. Cox, Curtis, Danford, Dawe , Donnan, Dunnell, Durham, Ea-mes, Eden, l\Ir. HOLMAN. I call for the yeas and nays. Fort, Fost-er , Frye, Garfield., Gooch, Gunckel, Eugene Hale, John T. Harris, John The yeas a.nd nays were not ordered; there being ayes 8 noes not :B. Hawley, J oseph n. Hawley, Gerry W. Hazelton, H endee, H ereford, Holman, COllllted. 7 H oughton, Howe, Htmter, J ewett, _Kasson, Kendall, Knapp, La~en ce, Lawson, L on_gbridrre, Lowe. 1arshall, Martin, McCrary, James W. McD1ll, McL ean, Mc So the motion to adjourn was not agreed to. Nulta. Merriam, l'lfills, Monroc1, Morrison,Nea1,Niblack,Orr, Orth, Packer,HoseaC. :Mr. HALE, of faine. I rise to close debate. Parkc'r, Pendleton, Perry, Phillips, Pierce, Poland, Potter, Pratt, Randall, Elli~ H. l\Iany l\IEMBERS. Vote ! Vote! .... 2~2 CONGRES~IONAL RECORD .. DECEl\ffiER 17' Mr. HALE, of Maine. Members are very much more anxious to Mr. RANDALL. 0, let ns vote. vote j nst now than they have been heretofore. Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. To that I say, in view of the Mr. CESSNA. I make the point of order that the gentleman from temper of the Honse, I shall not take it, although i have devoteti no :Maine has waived his right to close the debate. He ought to have hour or moment to debate. commenced his remarks immediately after the main question was MEMBERS from various parts of the House. L et us vote. ordered and bofore any other question was taken. Mr. O'BRIEN. I rise to a parliamentary question for mv own in The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks not. . formation, and that is whether or not the gentleman fr~m Maine. :Mr. RANDALL. I mise the point of order that the gentleman having given up the f;ioor to the gentle~. from Ma sachusetts, [l\lr. from Maine is not entitled to an hour, because the proposition he made BUTLER,] and he havmg refused to avail himself of the floor in view bas been voted down, whereby he loses the right to control the bill as of the temper of the Honse, that does not settle the question1whether it now stands. or not we shall have further debate 'I The SPEAKER. The Chair does not think that that deprives the The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Maine must determine that gentleman of his hour. for himself. 1\ir. RA.l~DALL. I understand that the gentleman reporting a bill Mr. HALE, of Maine. I shall be careful not to trespass upon the is entitled to close the debate, simply because courtesy demands tha.t indulgence of the House; but I have cert.:'tin privileges, and tho e he should have the control of his own bill. The bill as now amended · privileges I shall surely claim. I shall not be cried nor howled is not the bill of the gentleman from Maine, nor the bill of the com down. mittee; it is the bill of the House. Every body, Mr. Speaker,· I think will adnnt that the pas a.O'e of the The SPEAKER. But the ~entleman will observe- that although sala...--y bill on last March was unfortunate and inopportune. If there had the House ha-s amended the bill in certain respects, non constat that been any doubt upon that question the almost unanimous voice of the the House will pass the bill as amended. people settled it . And,sir,itwa-samatterupon whichthepeople mir-rht :Mr. RANDALL. The House has adopted a substitute. well pass- it was the voting of money from the public purse to pay The SPEAKER. Still it is an amendment, though in the nat11re of public servants. Now, there can be no question as to that being a a substitute. Neither the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr.·RAN subject-matter which the people might eonsider. There can be no DALL] nor any one else can affirm that the Honse will pass the bill question as to what was the result of that consideration. It was as amended. That is by no means a necessary consequence. The sharp, swift, and immediate condemnation, and it was so marked anti Chair holds that the gentleman who reported the bill ha-s the right so undoubtetl. that I see no humiliation on the part of any gentlematt to the closing hour of debate. here followinf refuses to allowmetomove an amendment inserting $5,500 for$6,000, under the instructions of the gentleman from Indiana, [Mr. 0RTH,] and refuses to allow the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. DAWES] and to ask a vote on that bill in the very words in which this House to ofi'er a.s a s·nbstitute the bill report~d by the select committee. instructed the committee to make that report. The rea.son why I . 1\Ir. P .A.GE. r desire to ask the gentleman one question. The first cannot vote for this bill is because it does not undo what we did last bill reported by the committee provided that the salaries should be March. The scene this evening is but a repetition of the scene last fixed at $5,000 a year, I believe. The gentleman from Maine was March; and when I sat in my seat struo-gling to be heard I was chairman of that committee. It also restored the mileage a,fter this met then with the same treatment that the gentleman from Maine session, which he reported, in submitting the bill yesterday, amounted has received here on this occasion. on an average to $500 a year, which for a Congress amounts to 1,000; Sir, as history repeats itself now, so it will repeat itself in the ~onsequently is not the bill which has been voted upon substantially judgment of the people upon this transaction. I was willing to bide the bill reported" by the committee in the first place Y my time. I am willing to-day to bide my time in the struggle I have Mr. HALE, of Maine. The bill as reported by myself at first in endeavored, with all sincerity, to make to undo the unfortunate work volved direct repeal in terms, and nothing else. It did l'estore the of last March, without recrimination, with no unkind word or impu mileage in terms, just as it was, because I believecl that would be sat tation of unworthy motives to individual members. I have no such isfactory to the public, as it would be clean repeal. The second bill imputations to make upon any member h ere now. I only say, sir, takes the same money from the Treasury-- that the bill is so unfortunate in its position that I cannot vote for it; 1\Ir. KELLOGG. I desire to ask the gentleman a question. and it is unfortunate that, by nearly one hundred majority, we de lli. HALE, of Maine. I cannot yield. The other proposition, as I cided to undo, so far as t he Constitution would permit us to do it, the have said, takes the same money from the Treasury and equalizes it unfortunate work of last March; and we went on until, falling into into the pockets of the gentlemen from Pennsylvania, Maryland, and the same enor we fell into last March; by an unfortunate lead we put ot.her States near around, and takes it away from those farther off. upon this bill unfortunate amendments; and then it is unfortunate Now, in reply to the question of the gentleman from California that we took the back track in all our votes upon the bill to give om [~Ir . PAGE] as to the amount of mileage, let me say the amount. for selves $500 a year. That is one reason why I cannot vote for it. Of a whole Congre sis undoubtedly nearly $1,000, but we are dealing course every other member of this House will judge for himself. I with annnal salaries, not with the salaries for a term. Why, sir, the judge no man. I cannot be induced, for one, to say to the country committe~ reporting that bill strained a<> far and as hard as it could that I will let aJl the other salaries remain untouched, and will go so that members micrht be satisfied. · back and attempt even to repeal my own salary provided I can pocket Mr. KELLOGG. Will the gentleman yield to me for a question Y $500 by the operation. I cannot do it, sir, and I will not ,do it. 1\Ir. HALE, of Maine. I decline to yield. The Forty-first Congress Other gentlemen, of course, will judge for themselves. I say to· them, had three sessions. The present Congress has bnt two. The Forty the country is capable of judging, and can discern the difference be first Congress had an extra session in March, another session com tween the measure you gave the go-by' to a moment ago and the mencing the following December, and the third commencing in Decem measure you substituted for it. They will not fail to do it. I say ber of its last year. The committee, in making the calculation by to gentlemen that I for one wash my hands of this proceeding. I which it arrived at $5,500, was sent by the mover of that resolution shall go against this measure, and will on the next~Ionday we are in to that Congress. It aggregated all of that mileage for the three session, if no one else gets the start of me, offer to this Honse once sessions. Gentlemen see that we can have but two mileages, but more the opportunity to undo all they did in this unfol'tunate measure every new member coming into that Congress had three mileages. of last March, so far as the Constitution will permit them to do it. That was my first Congress, and I had three mileages, because I lli. H.A.LE. I now yield to the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. GAR came here in March to the first session, and drew actual mileage as FIELD] for five minutes. others did; and there were abont seventy-five members of that Con 1\Ir. GARFIELD. Gentlemen will remember that I have from the gress who had thl·ee mileages. But the committee, seeing no better first deprecated this debate. I was anxious on the first morning way of doing it, lumped the whole of those mileages for the two years, when the bill was introduced that we should come to a vote without and divided it by two, and reported it to the Honse, so that it debate, for I foresaw the debate would change no man's opinions should not be said that it had discriminated against members. It would be bitter and personal and valueless. It is clear that most did not exceed its warrant; but it had reason to suppose that its men now regret that we did not silently and promptly vote to re liberality would be respected and appreciated. peal the law increasing salaries. I have constantly desired to have .A.nd now, -upon the heels of this, a scheme is set about for more this debate closed and the vote taken. But I am unwilling that the salary, and no amendment is allowed to be offered lessening the sum; vote should be now taken, after what has been s.aid by my friend and when a member gets up here on the floor to lift his voice and from Maine [Mr. HALE] and my friend from Massachusetts [Mr. protest against thls bill, there are members-! hope and believe but DAWES] without a word or two in answer, and a statement of the few-who want to crowd him down, and shout him down, and who reasons that will govern me in the vote I shall give. cry, "Vote," "Vote." Sir, that is not what the American Congress in In the first place, Mr. Speaker, I have voted in favor of a simple, its better days-and .I am not one of those who are inclined to decry plain, and sweeping repeal of all those clauses of the bill of last March the pre ·ent day in congressional legislation- was accustomed to see. which increased salaries except those of the judges of the Supreme · I have the right to protest against this bill, and I have given in brief, Court. I have voted with both these gentlemen for all the principal yet longer than I intended, certain good reasons why it is that I can amendments which have been offered to this bill. But I ask the not vote for it. If it goes to the wall, I pledge myself for one- and House to pause and consider before we cast a negative vote on the there are many here who will uphold me in the enterprise-to intro proposition to reduce our salaries from 7,500 to 6,000. If any gen duce a measure involving a clean, straightforward, substantial re tleman here in the name of economy wishes .to say that we ought not peal on the first Monday ensuing, and then I know or believe that to vote to reduce our salaries to $6,000, let him take the responsibility gentlemen will pass it, and satisfy a watchful and intelligent people. of saying it. I yield now ten minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts, [Mr. Mr. DAWES. Do not undertake- DAWES.] Mr. GARFIELD. I do undertake to say that this is the exact fact Mr. NEGLEY. I would like to ask the gentlemen from Maine a in the case. If the next vote is in the negative the subject of repeal question. I dcsjre to know whether he intends the remark he made is ended and the committee is discharged. This is a result that the at the close of his speech as a threat to this House to drive them to friends of reduced salaries cannot desire. the adoption of the measure which he espouses so warmly Y lli. G. F. HOAR. I desire to ask the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. ~Ir. HALE, of Maine. The gentleman is very sensitive about threats. GARFIELD] whether the franking pnvilege of all documents not I made no threat. being restored, and which amounted in value to about $700, is not Mr. NEGLEY. I am sensitive about threats coming from the the proposed salary of $6,000 less by $200 than the salary received by chairman of a committee which was appointed to deal impartially members of the Forty-first Congress' with this whole question. Mr. GARFIELD. That may be so; but it is not a part of my pur 1\lr. KELLOGG. I desire to ask one question. pose to discuss that subject. I am opposed to the restoration of the Mr. DAWES. I have not time to yield. franking privilege. But I a,m in favor of a plain and sweeping re Mr. PAGE. Will the gentleman yield to me for a moment¥ peal of the law of March la-st, and a restoration of the oldsalaries, lli. HALE, of Maine. I have yielded ten minutes to the gentle- with the mileage equally distributed. I prefer, and shall at all man from Mas achusetts. · times do what I can to secure the passage of the bill of the gentleman ~Ir. PAGE. Will the gentleman yield me two minutes of that ten Y from Maine, [lli. HALE,] as reported from the committee by the in Mr. RANDALL. What is the custom about yielding the :floor Y struction of the House. But having helped my friend from Ma-ssa Has the gentleman from Maine a right to yield it f chusetts [~Ir. DAWES] in the attempt to get just what he and I The SPEAKER. The gentleman has that right. wanted to get, I shall not join him in his proposal to drop the whole Mr. DAWES. I want to say in the beginning that gentl .284 ·coNGRESSIONAL RE-CORD. D ECEl\IBER 17' postpone until another year what we can do now. I agree with the Mr. O'BRIE.,'T. Will that include the revival of the franking priv· ~entleman from Ma sachu etts [.Mr. DAWES] that we ought to have ilegeY mcluded others than ourselves in this bilL But does not the ~entle Mr. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. No, sir. · man know that the bill he promises to introduce, or the motion he But, having no disguises on this subject, I am perfectly willing to promises to make, can be made in connection with the legislative say that I am in favor of an independent proposition which, while appropriation bill, by a suspension of the rules, on the very Monday keeping the matter out of my control or that of any other member that he talks ofY The very motion he now pledges the House to while giving us no franking privilege with the chance of almslng bring in he can make in connection with the legislative appmpria it-will provide for sending public documents home to our constitu tion bill, when that shall be reported, and get the order of the ents. I want this, in addition to the salary of $5,500. In a proper House that it shall be in order to move upon that legislative appro bill- not in this- I shall vote for such a proposition. As to the end priation the very amendment he desires. ing of documents, I do not want the control of the question left with But I am not willing to go upon the record to-day, and to remain members. I do not want to receive a salary of, ay, $6,000, in consid before the country for the next three weeks, in the attitude of hav eration of expense for mailing documents, because then I may or in~ v.oted against the only positive proposition left me-reduction of may not spend the a-dditional -oo in sending document . Let the salaries. · documents be sont by the Government that prints them to the people Mr. HALE, of Maine. I now yield t o the gentleman from Con ~or whose benefit they are p~ted . I desire that of the money coming necticut [Mr. HA. WLEY] for five minutes. rnto my hands as compensation I may be able to say, "This money Mr. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. I wish merely to call the atten is my own; there is no equitable claim upon any part of it." tion of the House to the fact that there is yet au opportunity for L et me say, further, that I d,o not believe any measure on this sub gentlemen who desire to vot-e for another bill, or a sub titute for ject should be retroactive. .All the propositions looking to retro this, to do so. Before I sit down I :will ask the Speaker to explain action have been (I will not say they were so intended) a farce cal precisely where it comes in. I understand that when the previous culated to defeat the whole meaaure. I tlo not believe in etroaction question, which will be moved 1)y the gentleman from Illinois, [.Mr. of any sort. Establish $5,500 as the salary of member , and then HURLBUT,] shall have been defeated, then I or any other member provide some way of sending document to our constituent at the will have the right to move that this bill be recommitted to the expense of the Government. Such a proposition I shall support at select committee, with instructions to report forthwith, that is, at the proper time. If the amendment of the gentleman from Illinois the Clerk's desk, instantly, an amendment in the nature of a substi [Ml'. HURLBUT] had fixed the salary at $5,500 instead of 6,000 I tute. I will, if I have the opportunity, move the substitute which I should have voted for it. As it waa, I was compelled to vote against it. hold in my hand, and that will test the sincerity of those gentlemen [Here the hammer felL] who have found fault with this 6,000 bill; for it propo es to reduce Mr. BURROWS. If the pa sage of the salary law of March 3, our pay to $5,500 a year from this date, and has reference only to 1873, was so obnoxious to the .American people and fraught with Congressmen, and ha.s in it the usual clause at the end about cover such disastrous consequences to the republican party, this protracted ing intotheTreasurythe backpaythathasbeenreturned; and it also discus ion oyer a proposition for its repeal, this hesitancy and de gives us our actual traveling expenses, leaving out of consideration bate, will only serve to heighten that odium and enhance that peril. other officials whose salaries were increased by the law of last session. The longer this discussion continues the less confidence will the That is to say, it will strike out all after the enacting clause, aucl sub people have in the sincerity of our professions or the good faith of stitut e as follows : our ultimate action. The lon~er we postpone a vote npou some measure emboclyi:no- substantial repeal the le s will be the merit That all provisions in an ad entitled ".An act to provide for the legislative, executive, and judicial expen. es of the Gi>vernment for the year ending ;rtme 30, accorded to our :fin:D. conduct. That action which in the beginning 1874, and for other purposes," approved March 3, 1!:!73, that inor t-aking away all compensation from members of Congress, that they LAND] would not 1K-'tke exception if he knew them; men who are hi~h might more successfully shape legislation in their interest. Under in the councils of our party; men like Mr. Tilden, :tnd others wno such a law you would find here no longer the representatives of the have helped to reform that party. I say to him that his fling at the whole people, but the pliant retainers of a ruling class. Pay well, democracy of that city and State was hardly characteristic of the and then insist upon. absolute integrity. good old chivahic Kentucky spirit. But I will pass that by as simply I think it clear that these two extremes should certainly be a personal thing. · avoided. I wish, in conclusion, to say to my friends on both sides of the House, Consulting the highest interests of the people, and not unmindful irrespective of party differences, that if we would elevate the charac of our own necessities, I shall cheerfully vote for any bill which ter of the national Legislature, we should be prompt to vindicate our will virtually restore the old law of com~ensation stripped of every selves. Many have tried to do this by their votes who did not do obnoxious feature. In my judgment, $5,500 will accomplish that it by their speeches. We will save the reproach thrown on us by a result. In doing this I apprehend we shall fully satisfy the public gentleman from Kentucky-I do not refer to Mr. CRossr..u.-rn-when. demand and do that which is honorable to ourselves. the intimation wa given that the democra{}y was somewhat respon Let u act then to-clay and now, that the country may be assured of sible for this measure. No party was responsible for it. It comes our professions and have some substantial proof of retrenchment and from the selfishness which belongs to our time. It comes from a spirit reform. which is not up to the high tone of other days. I do wish the hon The SPEAKER. The gentleman's time has expired. orable gentleman from Georgia [Mr. STEPHENS] who spoke o elo l1r. BURROWS. I hope the gentleman will give me a moment quently the other day, instead of speaking for large salaries in this time lonO'er. _ of reduced wages to the workingmen and general distress-0, I wish it. HALE, of Maine. Time is precious. that he could have come in like Cato, the censor, to reprove us for Mr. BURROWS. Let me have half a minute. our inordinate greed and prompt us to a less selfish service. Long be Mr. HALE, of Maine. I will yielfl to the gentleman from New York fore you, sir, served here, when there were only :five of us in this House [1\fr. Cox] for four minutes. . who were here with the distinguished statesman from Georgia, when our Mr. BURROWS. I wish to say one word further, if you will al expenditures were not considered extravagant even when not more low me. I am in favor of that measure which embodies substantial than sixty or seventy millions a year, he could have spoken with em repeal. The bill reported by the committee makes the salary $5,500, phasis the speech of men of that time, when every item in our appro.,. and that is the exact equivalent of the old law. When you go be priation bills was put to the knife, and the men who did not vote for yond that you go beyond the wishes of the people. economy were put to the torture. Mr. COX. :Mr. Speaker, I have but a few words to say on this mat Mr. HALE, of Maine. How much time have I left "I ter. The word "clamor" has often been referred to in this debate. The SPE.AK.ER. The ge:qtleman has ten minutes of his time It is an old Saxon word, and not unknown to legislation. "Public remaining. clamor" is referred to as the foundation of the present proceeding. 1\Ir. HALE, of Maine. I yield :five minutes to the glmtleman from The words "common clamor," sir, may be found in the old English Iowa, ti''Ifr. KASSON. J statute of prremunire; I think in that statute it is declared to be l\lr. CROSSLAND. Before the gentleman from Iowa proceeds, I i•he basis of that legislation. It is the fair b3sis of legislation. There desire to ask the gentleman from New York [~lr. Cox] a question. fore, sir, if there is clamor on ·this business, I am, as a legislator, Did the gentleman object to my criticism of Tweed's rascality for the willing to be more or less influenced by it. rea-son that other members of Congress from New York might follow The gentleman from Massachusetts, [Mr. DAWES,] the chairman of Tweed into the penitentiary 'I [Laughter.] the Committee on Ways and Means, has a hard task before him in 1\lr. COX. There is not a man in New York City, in the peniten this Congre . He has either to raise money by loan or by taxation. tiary or out of it, who believes that I am a dishonest man in this busi He would fail in the future debate did he not speak in advance and ness or any other; and, as I said the other day, I am just as fresh from demand our attention in aid of economic reform. I applaud the gen the people as anybody. tleman from Massachusetts for this caution. I believe this side of Mr. KASSON. I will ask the attention of the House for but a few the House, irrespective of the views on this salary question, when it moments; and in doing so I desire to leave the special elements of ex comes to economy in appropriations and the reduction of taxation will citement, that are just now around us, and to recall the attention of be found his most earnest supporters. But I do not wish to go into my friends on the republican side of the House to the po ition in that matter at this time. There is time for that, or soon will be. which they will be placed by voting in the affirmative or in the nega I will not now discuss the question whether this bill directly or tive on this proposition. And I wish, at the same time, to say why it . indirectly is any substantial reduction of salaries. I think we were is that I feel gompelled to vote as I shall do when the question is commanded by this "clamor" of the people to reinstate the salaries determined. as they were ; and having this command, men of all views voted for We came here but a few days ago, and the first act that was taken the bill of the gentlemen from Iowa and Ohio [l\lr. KAssoN and l\1r. by this side of the House, in their capacity as Representatives, after JEWE'IT] by an almost two-thirds majority. It was a creditable vote- providing for the organization of the Housei was to pa-ss resolutions 179 to 63. We also, by a majority of , adopted the amendment which went forth from this Hall to the who e country, from the At offered in good faith by my distinguished friend from Indiana, [l\lr. lantic to the Pacific for a repeal of the salary bill so far as it con HOLAfAN.] We have, sir, by this action of the House well spoken. I cerned members of Congress and other officers of the Government of feel in that we did right. But I believe the fair expression of this the United States. The country hailed the declaration with satisfac House is not given in this bill. I therefore invite every man who tion, and rejoiced at the fact that the old bugle-call of }>ure repub hears me or heeds me to vote "no;" so that hereafter we may have a licanism had been sounded in this Hall. Well, sir, we went to work better bill.. I speak consciously of the voice of my people and of the as soon as possible. A bill was introduced, and :finally there was democracy of this counti·y. [Laughter.] I know what I say. Gen secured from this side of the House the appointment of a committee tlemen may smile. Let them go to their constituents and "smile" to whom the bill should be referred, with leave to report at any time. with them after another method. The report was made by the committee, and every test vote by ayes Mr. Speaker, I do not :find fault with gentlemen here as to their and noes has shown a majority of this House in favor of carrying out votes on this measure; but I do say to gentlemen who are so prompt that pledge in good faith, until this last question was sprung upon at interruption, and_who are sometimes ~:;o indecorous, that our State the House as a consequent upon a series of parliamentary tactics. conventions-ay, the conventions of both parties, regardless of this Now, I ask my republican friends upon this floor, can we, after the House of Representatives-have given us instructions which are im call has been issued to the country demanding their attention to our perative, and if this kind of bill passes they will reinstruct us. purpose to restore substantially the old law, after indorsing by an [Laughter.] enormous majority the proposition of the gentleman from Indiana in It was said the other day by the honorable gentleman from Ken the direction of :fixing substantially the sum allowed by the oldlaw tucky, lMr. CROSSLAND,] who made so much kindly amusement for can we, instead of narrowing that in the interet of the people, ex the House at my expense, that I was somewhat complicated with pand it in the interest of ourselves Mr. Speaker, we dare not, I New York politics. With special humor he did this in connection venture to say, go before the country with such a lame and impotent with the fact, referred to by him, that I had once inti·otluced a bill conclusion of the call for attention which came from the republican here to change the name of the bark Industi·y to \Villiam M. members of this House. Entertaining the e views, sir, the real re Tweed. That was four years ago. Now, I know not who sent me pealers, to say the least, without speaking of others, voted against that bill., or how I happened to introduce it. [Laughter.] We in incumbering a clean bill. I recognized the feeling of thifl House as b:oduce hundreds of bills of that kind without special responsibility. being against the amendment wh~ch I had _the honor to offer ~md But at that time no one dreamed that William M. Tweed would ever felt it my duty to offer, as I know 1t was demanded by the peopie of be in the penitentiary. He had been a member of Congress, to be Iowa and supported by every delegate from my State. I recognized sure; but nobody then dreamed he would have such a fate. I cannot that fact; but if that is to be the excuse for increasing our pay by tell who of us, four years from now, will be in the penitentiary. $500, I say let it fail, and let the bill reported by the committee take [Laughter.] I know who sent him there. The men who sent him its place, for that takes us back to the old standard. I dare not ac there arc the men who were maligned on this floor the other day; cept a bill increasing the pay, and must vote against it. men who have purified the democratic party of New York, so that it Mr. HALE, of Maine. I wish to answer a question which was ad is now the commanding power in that city and that State. They dressed to me by the gentleman from Massachusetts, [Mr. G. F. HoAR,] have instructed us on that question. They gave to us their platform who asked me why in my reckoning I hau computed the franking lasli year at Syracuse; and I but obey the behests of the !Jest men of privilerre lost to members. My answer is that that was a distinctive my own party, a-s to whom my friend from Kentuck-y [Mr. CROSS- measm~, never mixed up with the salary bill. There will this win· 286 CONGRESSIONAL .RECORD. DEOEl\fBER 1 7' tcr, 1 venture to say, :md I think members will bear me out in ·it, a The House divided; and t h e tellers reported ayes 43, noes not propooition pass Congress that will allow public documents to be counted. maileu for our constituencies. That measure will pass just the same So the yeas and nays were ordered. . if we ~et 6,000 as if wo got $5,500 ; and I do not believe we ought to The question was taken ; and there were--yeas 158, nays 104, not have 1t twice. I call for a vote. voting 23 ; as follows : ·Mr. SCOFIELD. I rise to a parliamentary inquiry. I wish to YEAS-Messrs. Adams, Albert, Archer, Ashe, Atkins, Averill, Barrere, Barry, inquire of the Chair, if this motion should be lost, whether the gen Bas~, ~eck, Begole, Bell, ~icry, Bowen, Br~dley, Bright, Buffinton, Burchard, HAWLEY] BenJamm F. Butler, Rodertck R. Butler, Cam, Cannon, Cessna, Amos Clark jr. tleman from Uonnccticut [Mr. would have an opportunity Clayton, Clements Clinton L. Cobb, Stephen A. Cobb, Com.ingo, Cook, Cre~er' to move to recommit Crocker, Crooke, Crossland, Crounse, Crutchfield, Darrall, Davis, DeWitt, DueU: The SPEAKER. Not unless he move to r econsider. The question Durham, Eldredge, Elliott, Farwell, Field, Freeman, Garfield, Gidiling , Glover, about to be-taken is, "Shall the bill be engrossed and read a third RobertS. Hale, Hamilton, Hap.cock, Harmer, Benjamin W. Han·is, H enry R. IIar ris, llan.ilwn, Hathorn, Havens, .John B. Hawley, .Joseph R. Hawley, Hays .John time Y" If the Honse should negative that motion the bill is dead. The W. Hazelton, Herndon, E . Rockwood Hoar, George F . Hoar, Hoskins, Houghton, vote, however, might be reconsidered, and if -reconsidered it woulu Howe, Hubbell, Hunton, Hurlbut, K elley, K elfogu, Lamar, Lamport, Lansinfl', be divested of the previous question, because the previous question Leach, Lofland, Lowe, Lowndes, Lynch, Magee, McCrary, Alexander S. McDill; would then have exhausted itself. But on the other hand- and this Mc.Junlrin, McLean, MoNulta, Mellish, Merii:un, Milliken, Mills, Myers, Negley Nesmith, Nunn, O'Brien, O'Neill, Packard, Page, Isaa.cC. Parker, Parsons, Pelliam' is the point which the gentleman from Connecticut asked the Chair P endleton, Phelps, Phillips, .Tames H. Platt, ,jr., Thomas C. PL'ltt, Rainey Ran: to explain- if the Honse should pass the engrossment and third dall, Ransier, Rawls, Ray Rice, Richmond, Ellis H. Roberts, Ro s, Sawyer,' .John r eading of the bill, then the previous question is exhausted, and it G. Schumaker, Henry .r. gcudcler, I saac W. Scudder, Scner, Sh::mk.s, Sheldon, Sher would be necessary to move the previous question on the passage of wood, Sloss, Smart, .A... Herr Smith, George L. Smith, H . Boardman Smith, .John Q. Smith, Snyder, Stanard, Standeford, Storm, Stowell, Stra.wbritl{!~. Swann, Sypher, the bill ; but pending that the gentleman desires to enter a motion Taylor, Thomas, Thornbur"'h, Townsend, Tremain, Vance, \ v audell, Walclron to recommit, with instructions to the committee to report a new bill Wallace, .Jasper D. Ward, Marcus L. Ward, Wheeler, Wbite, Wbit()head, John M: forthwith. That would be in order. If the House should refuse to S. Williams, William Williams, Willie, Ephraim K. Wilson, Wood, and Wood ford-158. second the previous question on the passage of the bill it would be in NAYS-Messrs. Albright, Arthur, Ba.nninCJ', Barber, Berry, Blount, Bromberg ordm· to recommit with instructions to report forthwit.h. A new bill Brown, Buckner, Bundy, Burleigh, Burrows, 'C!aldwell, Casoll, .John B. Clark jr.· may be brought before the Honse in that way, and the Chair merely Clymer, Coburn, Conger, Corwin, Cotton, Cox, Crittenden, Curtis, Danford, Da~ves: explains this a the process. Donnan, Dunnell, Eame , Eden, Fort, Foster, Frye, Gooch, Gunckel, Eugene Hale, .John T. Harris, Hatcher, Gerry W . Hazelton, Hendee, Holman, Hunter, Hyde, Mr. HALE, of New York. If the motion to recommit should be Hynes, .Jewett, Kasson, Knapp, Lawrence, Lawson, Luttrell, Marshall., Martin lost, would the question then recur on the passage of the bill as it is Maynard, .Tames W . McDill, MacDougall, Monroe, Moore, Monison, Neal, Niblack' now before the House Y Niles, Orr, Orth, Packer, Hosea W. Parker, P erry, Pierce, Pike, Poland, Potter' The SPEAKER. It would. Pratt, Read, Robbins, William R. Roberts, .Tames W . R()bin on, Rusk, Henry B: Sayler, Milton Sayler, Scofield, Ses ions, Lazarus D. Shoemaker, Small, .r. Ambler Mr. DAWES. I would inquire of the gentlemllln from Connecticut Smith, Southard, Speer, Sprague, Starkweather, Stone, Strait, Todd, Tyner [:Mr. HAWLEY] if he will accept the bill reported under the instruc W ells, White~w_use, ~~orne, ~J..l? er, Charles W: Willard, G;eorge wi.iiard; tions by the committee Y Charles G. Williams William B. Williams, .Tames Wilson, .Terellllah M.. Wilson Mr. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. No; I will not. I want to hit one Wolfe, Woodworth, .John n. Young, and Pierce M. B. Young-104. I NOT VOTING- Messrs. Barnum, Bland, Freeman Clarke Dobbins, Hereford target at a time. I will help the gentleman afterward about that. H ersey, Hooper, Kendall, Killinger, Lamison, Lewis, Loughridge, McKee, Mi tcheU: Mr. DAWES. Why not help me now . Morey, Purman, Rapier, .Tames C. Robinson, Sheats, William :A.. Smith, Stephens, Mr. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. Because I prefer to do one thing St. .John, and Walls-23. - at a time. So the bill, as amended, wns ordered to be engrossed and read a Mr. RANDALL. I desire to call the attention of the Speaker to third time. what I understand to be the po ition of the question. I would like During the call of the roll, to dir ct the attention of the Speaker to page 188 of the Manual, where l\ir. HEREFORD said: On this question I am paired with 1\fr. he will find this passage : · :MoREY, of Louisiana. If he were here he would vote "ay" and I .After commitment and a r eport thereof to the House, or at any time before its would vote "no." passage, a. bill may be reiommitted. The bill, a-S amended, was then engrossed and read the third time. The main que tion has been now ordered to be put. The question was upon the pa-ssage of the bill. The SPEAKER. The main questionnowordereu willexhaustitself The SPEAKER. This is the point at which, under t he rule, the on the engros ment and third reading of the bill. gentleman from Illinois [ Mr. HURLBUT] takes the control of the Mr. RANDALL. The previeus question was called on the bill and management of this bill. amendments. Mr. HURLBUT. I am entitled to some time on this bill. I pro The SPEAKER. The gentleman is aware that the previous ques pose to yield to the gentleman from Massachusetts [Mr. BUTLER] for tion exhausts itself on the engrossment and third reading of the bill, .fifteen minutes, reserving to myself five minutes, at the clo e of which and that the previous question has to be called again on the passage I will call the previous question on the pa age of this bill. of the bill. Members might naturally fall into error upon that point, 1\Ir. BUTLER, of 1\ia sachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I call the House because, generally, the test being made on the engrossment and third to witne s that I have taken no part in this debate so far. I felt r eading of the bill, it is ramly necessary to call the previous ques it due as well to the House, and e pecially to the republican side tion on the . pa s:tge; nevertheless, the previous question exhausts of it, a-s to the country, and to the republican party in the country, itself on the engrossment and tllli:d reading of the bill. that I should take no leading part in endeavoring to sustain the Mr. RANDALL. But the motion to recommit is not in order until action of the Forty-second Congress in reference to salarie , lest it the previous question shall have exhausted itself¥ might be said that I was endeavoring to sustain that legislation The PE.AKER. Not before the previous question exhausts i elf; in disobedience to the supposed expressed wm of the people. I have after that it will be. The Chair will state that should the House proceeded in any vote or motion I have given or made upon one of now pa the bill to it engro mcnt and thitcl reading, the gentle two hypotheses: either that the House bill, as pas ed by the Forty man from illinois [:Mr~ Hur:.LBUT] who moved the sub titute will be second Congress, was right and should be sustained, or that the peo entitle(l to the floor and to tho direction of the uill on its passage. ple demanded its unconditional repeal, and specially because of the l\ir. DAWES. And suppose he moves the previous question upon retroactive clause in it. u s, and huts us all out Upon this matter, also, I was instructed by the resolutions of the l\ir. RANDALL. You have not been shut out; you have shut us out. convention of my State, before which I put my name for a high office, Mr. GA.RFillLD. If the previons question ~hall be demanded by the in regard to the increase of the salaries of the President, judges, and gentleman from illinois, and shall not be sustained, will it not then be Cabinet officers, by which resolutions such increa e was decided t o in order for tho gentleman from Connecticut to make the motion to have seemed necessary, although it is most true that my action in recommit with instructions, and will not. that motion ue open to regard to establishing these salades was used as a means of dema amendment? gogy, in order to defeat me, by the very same men who supported and The SPEAKER. It will be open to amendment, providing the gen elected, against the republican nominee, my late colleague, GenPral tleman does not move the previous que tion on his instructions. The Banks, who stood by me and aided with eloquence and vote every gentleman from Connecticut may move to recommit the bill, and may movement I ma-de to increase salaries, and had received and retained demand the previous question upon it, or he may yield for amend r etroactive pay in the several Congresses, thus demonstrating their ment . The question now is, Will the House order that the bill, as ·own insincerity and unfairness. amended by the substitute of the gentleman from Illinoi , be engro ed Clearly here are but two logical result-s to be attained in this mat and read a third time ¥ . ter. One th:Lt the increase of the salaries ou~ht to be sustained be Mr. HALE, of Maine. Upon that motion I call for the yeas and cau e nece sary and right, or that the whole legislation ought to be nays. repealed because it is decidoo by the people to be wrong, and we The question was put on ordering the yeas and nays, and only 28 must obey their voice by a total repeaL I look upon t he pre ent members voted in favor thereof. · · measure as a compromise between these, as most all measures of a JUr. HALE, of Maine. I ask for tellers on the yeas and nays. I republican government of necessity must be, :tnd therefore I support J am not certain that the House understands the question. it as nearest the right that can be had. The SPEAKER. This is the real test vote on the bill. Whilo the Forty- econd Congre s had acted in pas i.ng that cilluse Mr. HALE, of :Maine. I unc.lerst:tnd this to be the test vote. which has been denounced as a "gmb," and a "steal," :mel a "rob .Mr. RA.l\"'DALL. I object to debate. bery," in exact conformlty with the precedents from the beginning Tellers were ordered; and :Mr. RANDALL, and :Mr. HALE of Maine, of the Government, yet I have con idered that in so doing we were were appointed. a-cting but as representatives of the people; and although we, as 1873. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 287 such representatives, uninstructed except by the precedents, might time before he is elected, or an editor 1,347.14 for a like time, it is all well act with entire good faith and propriety in conformity there the same-it is true, genuine back pay, unearned, undue, unjust, and with, yet if the people, our constituents, really desired a change to be uncla:iJnable. That is a kind of "back pay" I never did have. I made in the manner in which we as legislators should fix our own never took any pay, back or forward, for services I knew I had not compensation under the Constitution, it would be our bounden duty rendered, or that I had not tried to earn and had had an opportunity t o bow to their will, however much it might be against our own judg to earn, and when I do, any newspaper editor may call me a salary ment. And if the matter had been fully and fa:iJ:ly presented to the grabber and back-pay grabber. people i if the press had published both sides of the question, so that We have been insulted, ih obedience to the howls of the press, by it shoUld have been fairly discussed and the people instructed, I, for members on this floor, by being told that our pay received from. the one, would have felt myself bound by the popular will, and yielded 4th of March last is "front pay," and that we had not earned it, my own judgment to its behest; and in giving my votes, I have en and that we should receive $7,500 for a few months' service only. deavored, if the repeal of the law was to take place at all, that it Is that truef Pardon me, gentlemen; have yon not had duties shouJd be so repealed as to bring back into the Treasury all the to perform from the 4th of March last 7 Were you not daily money within the reach of the Treasury which had been received as called upon to take care of some constituent, to see after his inter retroactive compensation by any person. Such was the scope of the est in some way, to represent business here at the seat of Gov amendment which I offered, and which has been adopted by the ernment in some form.'r Were you not called upon to do sometl;ling House as a part of the bill for .which the present measure has been in connection with the affairs of your constituents, to give your substituted. nomination and approval of officers : in your district \Vere not I have listened with wonder not unmixed with disgust and admi your doors besieged by your constituents, by the lame, the maim, ration [laughter] to a portion of the debate which has been had here the soldier or the soldier's widow, who asked you to look after his or upon this subject. With one or two exceptions, no man has under her pension' Did you do nothinll' after the 4th of :March lasU If taken to discuss the merits of the bill. 'fhe country has not been not, then yon acted very different1y, allow me to say, from what I, told what all know to be true, that a man cannot live in this city as a Representative faithful to the interests of his constituents, have and support his wife and family as he ought to do upon $5,000 a year. been compelled to do. I have not heard any man, rising in his place, say that he could k eep I have even more work of this kind to do in vacation than I have house only as a decent man should upon less than that sum which has in session time. I have often found more occupation at home than been insisted upon only ought to be given to members of Congress for here; because my constituents rea.ch me there without the expense of their compensation. a long journey, and put before me their needs and wishes and cla:iJns. But it is said that the people demand this repeal, because of the I know that I have more leisure here than I have at home, outside of condition of the finances and the commercial distress of the country. my t:iJne in this House. And yet we, the Congress of the United States, But what was the condition of those finance when this bill was passed are daily insulted by being told in most offensive words that we have last March' The country was never more prosperous. We were then taken pay that we have never earned. Sir, if we have severally done paying our public debt at the rate of tbJ:ee or four millions a month _our duty, we earned all we got from the beginning, and the pay is fixed to redeem obligations which had not become due; in my opinion, a as the compensation of the faithful, and not the careless Representa roo t injudicious policy, from which we are now called upon to :iJn tive. Notwithstanding this, a proposition was brought in here to make po e additional taxes and burdens to meet our necessary expendi us refund the pay that we have already received under the act of Con tru·es. gress of the last session. That was supported here by gentlemen who Had the financial panic of the country anything to do with the de said they yielded to the demands of the people, when there was not a mand for repeal' If made at all, was it not long before the financial man who voted for it who did not feel he was doing a wrong to his panic began Dia it not arise immediately after the close of the judgment and his conscience, that he was being driven to part with his session, and continue to grow stronger and louder as weak members just rights and lawful dues, by a pressure manufactured by some time of the Forty-second Congress yielded to the clamor and paid back serving office-seeker and demagogue at home, who would otherwise their own justly earned and legally received money into the Treas seek to take advantaze of him and stab him in the back. ury~ Therefore should the panic have anything to do either with That is the compelling power driving men to vote as we did. All the question of the repeal or the question of the amount ~ But is it that, our judgment taught us, was proper and just. Now, when I saw true that the just judgment of the people, after full discussion, has that mea ure urged and voted for by men who had more back pay instructed us to change the rate of future compensation even' Has in their pockets than I had, I determined to make them mink to there been any well-considered action of the people, after any discus the dl·egs .the cup they presented to others ; and therefore I pro sion whatever, upon the question of what would be a fair and just posed to make the same principle of refund apply to all CongTesses, compensation for members of Congress in the future' and to reach men who had in their pockets, one 11,000, another It ha been declared here that the people demand this repeal, and $7,000, another $8,000, another $4,000, and others who had money re the yoice 9f the press is cited as cogent evidence of the fact. I ceived for salary covering t:iJne before their services began or the people admit that a howl was begun here and sent through the land by a had elected them, and who got here s:iJnply upon this cry raised by them. venal and corrupt press against us because we would not give free on the stump intheir districts that they were more virtuous than others passage through the mails to all the dirty beets that their wicked and therefore must be sent here to repeal the increase of ealary. conductors might print; so vile that the Forty-second Congress passed When I saw that I voted in order that I might carry out the other a law to punish the sending of these obscene publications through the proposition, which was that we should all be served alike. Therefore post-office to save the yputh of the land from pollution. Having I voted for the proposition to take the pay from my pocket for the passed that wise and salutary law, that Congress has been assaulted Forty-second Congress; and I was beaten by the votes of men who through these mud-machines, worked with forty jackass-power, to howl had the pay of two or three Congre es in their pockets and voted to down every member who stood up in the :iJnage of his Maker andre keep it there. [Laughter.] And then one of thee same gentlemen mained :firm to his convictions of duty. [Applause.] Stories most rose in his place and told how much better a conscience he had than libelous and vile have been willfully invented and maliciously circu I had upon this question, [laughter,] and how he would bide his lated in order to blacken the character of those who voted for the time. salary increa e of last session; and I have a member in my eye who The truth about this matter shall not be concealed or hidden under kept such machine going daily, (or rather the machine kept him going,) a busheL Let me not be misunderstood. The law gave this money wherein, in conjunction with my fellow-members of that Congress, I . to these gentlemen, and I do not blame them for taking it and keep was decried continually as a back-salarygrabber, robber, and back-pay ing it; but when they have it in their pockets I do not want them stealer, with n. shamelcssnes never equaled; for the conductor of that to set themselves up as my superiors in virtue and integrity, and press had in his pocket and keeps there now-unless expended to keep amuse themselves by writing in their manuscripts the old line of the his trade going-a greater percentage of "back pay" and salary grab copy-book," Be virtuous and yon will be happy." [Laughter.] than any other member of the Forty-second Congress. I have heard another argument put forward as a rea on for fixing We have read a !ITeat deal about back pay in the newspapers. Mr. our compensation at the lowest possible figure-that in view of the Speaker, let me tell you what I call "back pay." When a newspaper present financial distress we should bring down our pay to the low editor, who has not been elected, and only the stroke of God inter est possible amount. Why, sir, is there a man in this House who fering with the actions of men could give him a chance of election, does not know that we are fixing the compensation of members of and that man takes more than a thousand dollars-say thirteen htm Congress for all time- at least during this generation f In view of dred and forty-seven dollars and fourteen cents- pay, which covered the clamor that has been raised no man will again have what my the salary between the time his predecessor died and. the date h e took "dew-drop" friend calls my'' audacity" to rise hereafter and ask any his own seat, and covered time before the people ever thought of Congress to increase its own pay retroactively; and our fathers de electing him to Congress- that is what I call "back pay;" and if I termined by their votes upon the :first amendments to the Constit;n was using hard word , or wa a newspaper writer, I should charac tion that no ma;n would ever vote to increase anybody's pay forward 1 terize a "salary grab," "salary swindle," and "salary teal ; ' spe unless his pay was brought up to the same standard. No Congress, cially so if the same newspaper editor retUJ..'Ued to the Treasury of no Legi lature, ever did or ever will vote to give their succ~ sors in other back pay which he took-,.109.07 only-and. claimed loudly in creased pay unless they themselves share in it; because, in addition his organ and elsewhere that he had given back to the Treasury all to the pecuniary motive which is operative, more or less, upon all who his back pay, and was therefore more honest and virtuous than man ane human, it would be lmderstood that· by such a discrimination a kind in generaL Con~res brands its members as inferiors by declaring that their own Now whether one calls himself a "dew-drop" or an "ink-drop" who serVIces are worth less than tho e of their successors. Therefore I shall take such back pay, whether a lawyer here takes $3,705 for say there is not a man in this Honse who does not know that we are 288 CONGRESSIONAL. RECORD; DEOEl\fBER 17; this day and this hom fixing the congressional compensation for all proven. · Let a single thing be said against the acts of any member time, so far as thi generation is concerned. of Congre s1 and forthwith some demagog'lle- for occasionally dema Therefore, in a ju t and proper determination of this compensation, gogues get m here, as of Christ's twelve apostles one of them had a whatever may be the financial condition of the country to-day we devilJ [laughter]-some demagogue, I say, to show that he is not are to look to the position of our country as it will be in the future guilty of the same thing, when most probably his conscience accuses even to that time, soon coming, when we shall have taken in Mexico, him, brings ill: a bill restraining the c.ongressman fro~ doing the thing Cuba, and the adjacent isles of the sea. We should remember that charged. This has gone on for a senes of years, until a. Congressmlln it is the destiny of the American Republic to send it civilizing, en is shut out from the pursuit of almost all kinds of business.. We lightening, and Christianizing influences over this northern continent. cannot have any interest in a contra-ct that has any relation with Therefore I say that in settling this question we should not look at the Government. We cannot practice as attorneys in the courts in the ephemeral check of the moment to our great progress. We should which the largest interests of the United States are involved. The fix what we believe to be honest, fair, and just compensation. In Supreme Court is about the only one left to us. We cannot go home voting for the act of last March I believed our services to be worth and pr~ctice .in om: Stat~ courts, or do any other business, without to the country 7,500. I believe it now. I have never wavered in neglecting our public duties. . that belief. I have never entertained the idea of yielding to the 'l'he trouble is that we do not stand together, but let the men up mere factitious and senseless clamor. I have learned my duty· as a there, [pointing to the reporters' gallery,] who live by our bounty, sit Representative from the words of the eloquent Burke, the great phi there by our indulgence to WJ.ite iliat1ibes against us and blacken us losophicaJ. statesman of England, who said: "The repre entative owes all over until the whole world is made to believe that members of to his constituents not only his industry but his judgment; and he Congre are worse than other men, when, in fact, we are the cho en betrays instead of serving them if he sacrifices either to their opinions." men of the nation, and better, as a class, than men in any other sin- If my constituents knew the facts as well aR I do I would agree gle profe ion-clergymen, lawyers, or doctors ; for whenever a cler that their judgment would conclude my action. They judge rightly gyman gets into Congress, we have seen he is not e pecially conspic according to the light they have and a-ct honestly upon the subject uous for his virtue any moretha.n his fellows. [Laughter.] I say that as they understand it; but they have seen the subject in the pestifer we ought to stand here and a.y Congress is not to be malicrned; and ous twilight of newspaper misrepresentation without the subject ever if we are maligned, let us stand together and· say that without proof having been·discussed before them. the character of no man, simply because he is a member of Congress,. Better informed than they, I baRed my opinion in reference to this shaJI be attacked, and the attack hounded on by his fellows from subject upon six years of actual service here. I thought the country petty envy, jealousy, or rivalry. · would believe that it made no difference to me whether I receiv-ed Let me ay here-and I speak not now of the motives of men ; far $7,500 or $5,000 a year, and that I therefore acted impartially. Neither be that from me; I speak of t.he effect of their acts-I aver here, with sum supports me here, although I live economically, in a style no other the bright light shining upon nie and in the face of the country, or different in it appointments than I have lived at home for twenty that one-half of all this outcry against this salary increase came be-. • years. I therefore s~oke and voted in behalf of tho e members of Con cause some men- generaJlywho could afford it pecuniarily- after they gress poor but able- the sons, perhaps, of mechanics and farmers, who bad felt the pulse of theh constituents ostentatiously dropped theh have worked their way through college while theh fathers may have additional pay back into the Treasury, thus causing themselves to be hammered on the anvil to give them the means for studying their advertised as paragons of virtue and economy. Am I not right T If professions-men who by industry, energy, and conscientious effort we had all stood like men and taken what the law gave us, and spent it worked themselves up to po itions of influence and usefulness in the as we ought to have done; if none of us had undertaken to set up a con1idence of their fellow-citizens who have sent them here to rep supreme virtue in ourselves in giving back the money, the thing resent them- the peers of t];J.e proudest on this floor, but because of would have pa.'lsed by as it did in 1866, when Congres voted itself an want of private fortune must either live meanly and feel meanly increase of 66 per cent. upon its previous salary in addition to 'all because living in a iliff rent way from theh associates, or must have mileages and allowances, while the Forty-second Congress only voted sufficient pay to provide them elves a decent support, as others in itself 50 per cent. increase and cut off all mileage and other perqui lik{5 conditions live. A "decent support," sir That was not the idea sites, which had never been done before. Yet we are stigmatized as of the Constitution when our fathers provided for our pay. It does reckless back-pay grabbers and back-salary stealers. not say anything about "support." It provides for a "compensation" 1\lr. DAWES. In 1866 Congre s reduced the mileage one-half. fixed by law- a compensation for sacrificing the gains of private oc Mr. BUTLER, of Massachusetts. My colleague corrects me. The cupations and the comforts and social irrfluence ofhome-a compensa _mileage had been forty cents a mile, and they reduced it to twenty tion for ser.vi.ces rendered-a compensation as fair and just as the cents. Virtuous Congress! Economical p~ople! [Lau~hter.] But at same class of services commands in the market outside of Congress. the same time they increased theh pay 66 per cent., and took all their Let me give you other evidence that this is the view entertained perquisites, mileage, newspapers, stationery, printing privilege, and by the fathers of the Republic. When they fixed George Washing all, in addition, and the people said not a word, althougp our na ton's salary at $25,000, which was practically four times as much as tional debt was seven hundJ:ed millions more then than now. What, it is now, in comparison, the hea{i carpenter who repaired his house then, is the cause of thls different treatment of the two Congresses in received but 50 cents a day, while the head carpenter who is now regard to these like matters The Thirty-ninth Con!!I'ess left the repairing my hon e thinks he is not quite fairly treated while receiv newspapers with their perquisites of free postage; the Forty-second ing 6 a day. Under tho e circumstances what was fixed as the pay Congress took free postage from the press and themselves at the same of members ofthe CabineU It was fixed at 3,000 only. Why¥ Be time. cause in.that day the large t sum received as salary by any banker, Mr. PENDLETON. Did not that Congress take the mileage at forty by any: manager of busine s affairs in the United States, was less cents per mile for themselves while reducing it one-half as to subse- than :$3,000. They gave Cabinet officers a higher salary than was quent Congresses 7 · received by any man at the head of any business enterprise. On this Mr. BUTLER, of Massachu etts. I believe so; but the gentleman point, which I have well examined, I challenge contradiction. The must settle that with my colleagueJ:Mr. DAWES.] I was not a mem intention was to put the Cabinet officers at a high level; so their ber of that Congress, and he was. .tie wpl tell you all about it. income was put quite as high as that of any business man. Great One remark further. We are here now to fix a salMy- for whom"? wealth then differed from great wealth now as much as different busi For members of Congress alone; that is the pre ent bill. Ar not ne s salaries then and now. In the year 1799 the largest fortunes in the services of members of Cons-ress worth something¥ Are they this countrywere those of George Washington and a gentleman of my not worth as much as those of t.lle heads of Departments 7 Do we district-one the great planter with a fortune of G50,000, the other not work as many hours as theyf Do we not do more busine sf the. great merchant with a fortune of $900,000. They both died in Coming here for only a part of each year, is not the expense greater, that year. Now there are men in this country who reckon their for because tho e of us having houses a.t home have to keep them up in tunes by three hundred millions and four hundred millions. There addition to paying :for a house here Yet gentlemen come here and are more men to-day in this country worth 1,000,000 than there were say, "0, Y.OU must keep up the salaries of the heads of Depart worth 201000 at the time George Washington's salary was fixed at ments; their services are very valuable." That may be, and is, true. $25,00o- in addition to ho1·s s, plate, furniture, fixtures, and almost Yet members of Con~re s are to be considered as the only ones whose everything else nece sary for his support. services are to be giVen for nothing, and they to pay their own ex . [Here the hammer fell.] penses- why¥ Simply becan e the power to regulate our pay has · :Many 1\IF..MnERS. Go on. . been placed in om own hands by the Constitution; for no other 1\lr. HURLBUT. I yield to the gentleman from Massachusetts for reason under heaven. We are to abuse and belittle our services and ten minutes longer. ourselves because we have had by the wisdom of the fathers placed Mr. BUTLER, of :Mas achusetts. I thank the crentleman and the in our hands the power to magnify and exalt our offices, but which House for theh indulgence. Before the end of that time I hope to we in fact have always subordinated in the matter of salaries to be out of-my friend's way. . other like high officers of the Government. There is one thing I wish to say to my follow-members, especially I do not mean to say, and do not believe, the salaries of the mem those who are here for the :firs.t time. During the seven years, more bers of the Cabinet ru:·e too high. One member of the Cabinet or less, that I have been here, I have found that the great fault in spends $30,000 a year to maintain his proper station, while others Cengress i the self-abnegation of its memoers. Let but a man point spend lear up to their income; and one of the able t I know left his finger at a member of Congress, and we are apt to sill-ink away the Cabinet because the salary was not sufficient to enable him to from him, and act toward him as if he must have done some wron~, maintain that state, without sacrificing his private fortune, which without standing by him as a.n honest gentleman until hit!! guilt 18 his associates maintained around him: But this matter of holding 1873. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 289 office with tho executive officers i one of choice• but the llepre But I wi l.t to stu.tethat Istancl ready, and will do what I can from now sentative of the people comes llere in behalf of the people, aml, as until the close of the Forty-third Congrc , to reduce the saJaries of their choice, ought to be properly compen ated at leru!t to the amount mcmuers, and all others that can be reduced under the Constitu of a generous maintenance. tion, to what they were prior to the increase of the same on the 3d Let me ay our services are as valuable as the service of any body of ~Iarch la t. of men in the world. And I want the poor men to be able to come Mr. HURLBUT. I now call the previous question on the passage into Congress. Rich men will buy t hemselves here. It is the only of the bill. corruption in this regard we have ever heard of. Rich men do not 1\1r. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. 'Vill the Chair please expl ain the come here for the salary. I admit that in the English Parliament no effect of seconding the previous question at this stage f man get any alary, and therefore nobody but rich men ever get The SPEAKER. If the previous que tion is now seconded, it into Parliament. And what has been the effect of 1egisl.:'ttion of operates on the pas age of the bill, and brings the House to vote on rich men T England, with all the wealth of the world poured into that. The gentleman from Connecticut has intimated his desire to her lap, with commerce whitening every sea, with colonies broader submit a motion to recommit the bill, with instructions to the com than empires, with manufactories standing over coal-beds which mittee to report a new bill forthwith. He can only have that motion furnish unlimited power to her machinery, with energy indomitable brought before the Hoq.se by a refusal to second the demand for the and labor without stint, how does she stand to-day under the legis previous question on the pas age of the bill. The vote will now be lation of rich men f One out of twelve of every one of her popula had upon that. The J?entleman from Tilinois [Mr. HURLBUT] anJ tion is either in the poor-house, insane hospital, or the prison every the gentleman from t.,;onnecticut [Mr. IlAWLEY ] will act as teller . year. You could not draw an impartiaJ jury in England out of the lli. HARRIS, of Virginia. I would like to hear the bill reported inhabitants without getting on it either a pauper, an irisane person, again. or a criminal. Do -we want this country to try the experiment of SeveraJ MEl\mERS. 0, no. lecislation of rich men only Y • The SPEAKER. It is very brief, and it is in order to ask for t he ~fhere are those of us who have either inherited wealth, or have by reading of the bill at every fresh stage. After the tellers take their harcl labor before we came here earnecl or acquired it. Some of us places the bill will be read. can by professional service and labors eke out our incomes ; others The tellers having taken their places, the bill was again read. can afford to live well from their own fortunes or incomes, and The House again divided; and the tellers reported ayes 143, noes it makes no special difference with them. But to you, men of the not counted. West-where we of the East invest our money and get much of your Mr. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. I call for the yeas and nays. profit a fast as you get it yourselves-men of the South coming up The SPEAKER. The previous question ha.~ been seconde(l, and on from districts impoverished by the war- you have no such means, the main question the gentleman from Connecticut calls for the yeas have the most interest in this question, and I for one, although I and nays. fore aw the storm, stood up for the rights of poor men to be in the Mr. RANDALL. The negative vote on seconding the demand for halls of legislation on a social equ:ility, as peers in right and power. the previous question bas not been reported. Several gentlemen If you fix your salaries at 6,000 for this year, I shall take it as an pas ed between the tellers on the negative side. intimation to me to equalize my salary as a member of the Forty The SPEAKER. The ayes reported were a majority of t he whole second Congress to that urn; but I expressly advise everybody else not House, and the Chair understood the gentleman from Connecticut, to do it. I 'do not do it from any claim to superior virtue. I simply who repre ents the minority side, to call for the yeas and nays on do it to answer the calumnies of some groveling demago(J'ues in my ordering the main question. own State. [Laughter.] And for another reason, that f feel I can :h1r. HAWLEY, of Connecticut. All I want is a chance to offer my afford to do it. Those are the two sufficient personal reasons; and I amendment. hope all who are not troubled with demagogues in their own distiicts, The SPEAKER. The Chair will further state to the gentleman and who cannot afford it, will not pay it back. from Pennsylvania [Mr. R~rnALL] that it has always been the habit I say again, :hlr. Speaker, let us pass this compromise bill, end this of the Hou e, when a majority vote in the affirmative on seconding pro:fitle and in some cases acrimonious debate, and go on witt! the the demand for the previous question; not to detain the tellers any busine of the country. One gentleman told us that he wanted this further. If the majority of the entire House vote to second the substitute carried in order that he might put in an amendment to cut demand for the previous question it cannot be defeated. it down 500. I can tell him how be can help the Trea nry some-let :Mr. RANDALL. We ought to know the relative strength on each him O'ive back the 1,347 genuine back salary be took between the side. time hls predece sor died and be was electe(l and took his seat, and The SPEAKER. If all the rest were counted on the other side, he will help the Treasury so much, and then his conscience will be no still the previous que tion would have been seconded. The question longer troubled. [Laughter.] And my friend whom death elected is on ordering the yeas and nays on the main question. n:omNewYork, after the people had rejected him, [la.ughter,) because The question being taken, there were ayes 50. . nothing else could but {leath, [renewed laughter,) comes here and So (the affirmative being more than one-fifth of t he last vote) the tells us we are notfreshfrom the people, anddonot knowtbeirwishes. yea and nays were ordered. We are not fre h from defeat by the people, [laughter,) and we did The SPEAKER. The House of course is aware that t he real test not have to move out of our State to get elected, anll then wait until vote is on ordering the main question. The House 'vill understand a man died to get a chance. [Laughter.] that if the main que tion is not ordered to be put, t he Chair will Mr. Speaker, I have done; I have said my say. I am going to t.he recognize the gentleman from Connecticut. count1·y again. I propo e to meet my constituents and say to them, :hlr. HARRIS, of Vil'ginia. That bewg the understanding, I will as I have always said, that my action last March was done after vote" no." careful examination. It approved it elf to my judgment. I have Mr. RANDALL. The Chair has stated that this is a test vote. I seen no valid reasons against it, and I stand by, defend, uphold, jus desire to know whether if a. member wishes to close t h e debate and tify, and sustain it against allcomers. If I go downlshall not be the bring the House to a vote he cannot vote for ordering the main ques first man who has gone down by the assaults of the unreasoning mob tion, and then subsequently vote against the bill T in acting without reflection in a just cause. But let none of those The SPEAKER. That would be perfectly consistent. who eek my fall lay the flattering unction to then· soul that I shall Mr. RANDALL. I desire that the House should tmderstancl that, not rise again. [Applause.] I shall return .to plague the inventors because the Chair stated that this was to be regarded as a test vote. of the machinery which overthrows me. [Lan"hter.] Mr. CESSNA. I desire to make another parliamentru:y inquiry. If I have now only the pleasant duty to thank the House for the the House should refu e to oruer the main que tion, and the gentle kind attention with which it has listened to me, and I return my man from Connecticut is recognized to offer his amendment, then, if time, if any I have left, to the hand which gave it to me. [Ap I deisre to amend his amendment fru·tber, or if any other gentleman plause.] desired to offer an amendment, would not the door be open for such Mr. HURLBUT. I ',Yield five minutes of my time to my colleague, amendments f [l\fr. CA.J.""'NON.] · The SPEAKER. Certainly; provided the gentleman from COllDect Mr. CANNO:N, of illinois. Mr. Speaker, I only desire to explain icut does not demand ant! secure the previous question on his motion. my vote on the passa~e of this bill. I believe the act of March 3, Mr. CESSNA. If in that event the House should vote down the 1873, so far as the same rncrea es alarie , should be repealed, and that, demand of the gentleman from Connecticut for the previous question, by law to be enacted, members of the Forty-third Congre , for two then, as I understand it, I would be permitted, if recognized by the years' ervice, should receive the same compensation they would have Chair, to offer an amendment making further legislation. receive(l had then· salaries not been increased. All my efforts aud The SPEAKER. Of course. vote on the floor of this House have been given to accomplish that end. The question was on ordering the main question on the pa sage of I have een the bill which I favored, known as lli. KAsso~'s substi the bill as amenued. tute, loaded with amendments for the purpose of slaughtering the same, The question was taken; and it was decided in the affirmative and then set aside by the substitution of the bill of my colleague from yeas 131, nays 130, not voting 24; as follows : Illinois; and now, under the rule and usages of this Hou e, I am placed YEAS-Mes l'S. Adams, Albert, .Archer, Atkins, Averill, Ba.rrere, Barry, Bell, i.p. a position that I am powerle s to do anything at this time except Biery, Bradley, Bri&ht, Buffinton, Benjamin F. Butler, P..oderick R. Butler, Cain, to vote for or against this bill fixing the pay of members at 6,000-a Cessna, Amos ClarK, jr., Freemn.n Clarke, Clayton, ClemcJit , Clinton L. Cool>, Stephen A . Cobb, Comin~o, Cook, Creamer, Crocker. Crooke\ Crosslantl, Crounse. rednction at the rate of 1,500 per annum. I am in favor of that re Crutchfield, DarraH. Davis, De Witt, Dobbin , Dnell, Eltlreuge, Elliott, Farwell, duction and more too; and as that is all I can get now I vote for it, Field, Fr·eemun, Gid1lings, llamiltou. Hancock, Harmer. Ucnjamin W. Harris. for if I vote the other way it leaves the salary at S7,500 per auuum. Ilcnry R. Harris, Ha.rrisun, Havens, llays, .Tolm \V. Hazelton, Herndon, E. Rock· 19 290 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. DECEl\fBER 18, wood Hoar, George · F. Hoar, Houghton, Howe, Hubbell, Hunton, Hurlbut, By Mr. FRYE: The petition of Mary A. Chut-e, of Maine, for a Hynes, K elley, L amar, Lamport, Lansing, L each, Lofland, Lowndes, Lvnch, May pension. ~re\Mc.Tt~nki?o McKee,McNulta,Moore,Myers, Nerrley, N mith, Nile, Nw;m, 0 Bnen, 0 Neill, Packard, Page, I aae U. Parker, Pelham, James H. Platt, Jr., By ~lr . GARFIELD: The petition of C. B. Poor, of Ohio, asking for Thomas C. Platt, R.'liney, Randall, Ransier, Rawls, Ray, IDee, Richmond, Ross, such a change in the bounty law a to give a bounty to tho e who, John G. Schumaker, H enry J. Scudder, [saac W. Scuuder, Sener, Shanks, Sheldon, on account of sickn(;}SS, were unable to erve two full ye~ irL the Slo. s, Small, Smart, George L. Smith, H. Boar