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Aquatic Invertebrate Fauna of the Two Peoples Bay Area, Southwestern Australia

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Aquatic Invertebrate Fauna of the Two Peoples Bay Area, Southwestern Australia Journal of the Royal Society of Westem Australia, 76: 25-32, 1993 Aquatic invertebrate fauna of the Two Peoples Bay area, southwestern Australia 14, 15 2R W Storey, A Halse & J Shiel lDePartment of Conservation and Land Managemen! Wildlife Research Centre, PO Box 51, Wanneroo WA 6065 2Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre, PO Box 921, Albury NSW 2640 Ma usctipt receioed luly 1992; accepted Decenbet 1992 Abstract The aquatic invertebrate fauna of four rivers and streams and three lakes in the Two Peoples Bay area, southwestern Australia, was sampled in June 1990 and February 1991. A total of 247 taxa were recbrded: ll0 in flowing waters, 170 in standing walers and 33 common to bolh habitats. lncreased sampling intensity in February 1991 revealed a diverse microinvertebrate fauna of 47 ta\a of Protozoa and Rotifera. The macroinvertebrate fauna was similar to that reDorted previouslv from aouatic eco\vstems in southwestern Austratia. fh irty-si^ species of m icroinvertebrates 1) Protozoi, 2 I Rotifdra, 10 Chdocera and 3 Copepodal were new records for southwestern Australia and, in many cdses, Austra[a. The number of new records reflects greater sampling and taxonomic effort than has been used previously in southwestern Australia, but also suggests southwestern Australia may have a distinctive miirofauna.' Introduction The Coodga system comprises the Goodgd River, Moates Lake and Cardner Lake and enters the setin Two Peoples Peoples Two Bay is an important area for wildlife Bav. The slow-flowing Goodga fuver arises approximaiely conservation. It is best known as the last refuge for the 20-km inland. ln its u[per reiches, the river fid.s thro,lgir Noisy Scrub-bird Atricholnis clamosus and a nature reserve cleared farmland before entering the reserve and dischary- was proclaimed in 7966 to protect this species. Because of ing inlo Moates Lake (Fig I ). the significance of the reserve thete have been numetous surveys of its terrestrial flora and fauna, as well as detailed Moates Lake has an area of 144 ha, 82 ha ofwhich consists studies of the Noisy Scrub-bird (Smith 1985, Smith & of fringing sedges. It is one of the deepest natural lakes in Calver 1984). southwestern Australia, with a maximum depth of c. 5 m. Wetlands form a significant component of the reserve, Much of the southern shore has been inundaGd by a large comp sing between 8.5% and 15.8% of the 4745 ha depend- calcareous sand dune. The Goodga River flows from ing on time of year. The reserve and adjacent area contain Moates Lake into Gardner Lake, which covers 164 ha and three major lakes, two small rivers and numerous creeks. has 25 ha of fringing sedges and occasionally inundated Water deptlr salinity and pH of the lakes have been woodland. There is-occasional inflow from ihe sea into monitored for a number of years (Lane & Munro '1983) and Gardner Lake during spring tides and storm surges. their waterbird populations have been surveyed Iaenschef al. 1988, Halse et al. 1992). The Angove system consists of the Angove River and Angove Lake joins This paper reports results of surveys o[ the aquatic and the Coodga system on the seaward q90 side of Gardner L;ke. The Angoie River is short ('14 km) invertebrate fauna of the Two Peoples Bay area in Iune I and February 1991. Results are compared with data from and moderately fast-flowing. The upper reaches of the river aquatic invertebrate work elsewhere in southwestern Aus- flow through uncleared Witer Reierve but there is some tralia. For streams these data come principally ftom the cleared farmland around the lower reaches (Fig l). The northern forest and Swan Coastal Plain (Bunn river is regulated by a pipehead dam built in 1912-13 ro iarah ef al. supply 1q86, Storey & Edward 198C, Storey et al. 1990), the karri water to the town of Albanv. Situated downstream of the dam, forest (Growns & Davis 1q91, Growns lq92) and the Angove Lake has an area of 50 ha. It contains southem acid peat flats (Pusey & Edward 1990). very extensive beds of sedges and tittle open water; associated swamps and inundated land arouid the lake increase the overall wetland Studies of fresh lentic waterbodies have been restdcted area to 120 ha. to permanent and seasonal wetlands on the Swan Coastal The Plain (Balla 1993, Davis et a1.1993, GtowrLs et a|.1992) and streams of the Mt Gardner headland system flow through dense /heath the southem acid peat flats (Pusey & Edward 1990), shrub in steep incised gullies. Web- temporary pools on granite outcrops south of 32' latitude sters CulJy and West Cully are permanent dnd flow into the (Bayly 7982), and wetlands of the Lake Muir system sea/ some of the streams flow inland to disappear at the (DeHaan 1987). base of the headland- Study area Two Peoples Bay (34'57'5 118"10'E) is located on the Methods south coast of Western Australia, appro\imately 25 km east Study sites were selected on the three lakes, on the main of Albany. The area contains three di.tincl drainage sys- channels of the hryo rivers and on the lower reaches of West tems: the Goodga, the Angove, and the upland streams of and Websters Gullies, which were chosen as being repre- the Mt Gardner headland (Fig 1). sentative of permanent streams on Mt Gardner headland (Fig 1). O Royal Society of Westem Australia 1993 25 Journal of the Royal Societ) of Western Australia, T6 (l), Varch l9q3 Uncleared Beserve Uncleared Reserve G o, O, o1 Two Peoples Bay Lake Nature Reserve SOUTHERN O 1 2 3 4 skm Figure 1. Streams and lakes, showhg the location of the sampling sites in the Two Peoples Bay area. There is a small part Two Peoples Bay Nature Reserve around Angove Lake 26 Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 76 ( l), Ma rch I993 Qualitative samples of the aquatic invertebrate fauna at In:ummer, dissolved oxygen levels were very low in West each sile were collected in June lgq0 and February lgql. Cullv and Websters Culiiand moderatelv ldw in Ansove Additional samples of Cladocera were taken in Sepiember Ri\ e; ( table t ). West cilly had sroppe'd flowing #hen 1990. AII major habitats (,.e. water column, submerged and sampled in summer and consisted of a series o[ challow emerSent macrophytes, leaf litter, submerged wood, or- pools; flow rate was very low in Webrters Gullv. Angove ganic deposits, sand gravel beds, cobbles and bedrockl Rjver continued to flow'moderalely strongly iir surimer were sampled by hand and with standard FBA pondnets in but the flow rate was low in Gooilga Ririei which had June and February to ma\imise the number of tar,a become virtually a series of long pooG. collected. Rivers and streams were sampled using a mesh size of 250 gm. Lakes were sampled initially with a mesh A, total ot 247 taxa of invertebrates were collected from size of 110 Um but thjs was reduced to 50 um in September the seven sites (see Appendix). Excluding protozoans and and February to retain more microinvertebrates. rotifers (because sampling effort was unequal between seasons), 127 taxa were collected in winter, 152 in summer In the laboratory, samples were elutriated in water to and 79 taxa were common to both seasons. Thirty-nine per separate organic and inor8anic h'actions. Invertebrates cent and 45 per cent of taxa were restricted to flowing and were removed from organic fractions by eye and under a standinB walers, respectitely. Seventy-five per cenl of the binocular dissecting microscope. Specimens were usually 33 taxa iommon to bblh flowing and itandirig waters were identified to genus or species. When this was not possible, present in both seasons. Of the taxa restricted to one type of specimens were matched with previously curated voucher water-body, 32 per cent were present in both seasons. specimens. Apparently new microinvertebrate taxa were stored in 10% glycerol/water on microslides for later Rivers and streams contained 110 taxa (see Appendix). taxonomic treatment. Sixty-three taxa were collected in winter and 96 in summer, with 45 per cent of the fauna being common to both In association with the invertebrate sampling, water seasons. Eightythree taxa were collected from the two depth. salinity (total dissolved solids; TDS). pH, tempera- 'lowland' rivers and 56 from the headland streams, with 11 ture and dissolved orygen (expressed as percentage satura- per cent of the fauna being common to the four sites. tion) were measured at each site on each occasion. Angove River contained 53 taxa, with 55, 40 and 43 taxa taken from Goodga River, West Gully and Websters Gully, Community composition in lotic and lentic sites at Two respectively. Peoples Bay was compared, on the basis of major taxo- nomic groups, with previous studies in similar habitats in The three lakes contained 170 taxa (see Appendix). southwestern Australia. Excluding proto/oans and rotifers, 95 taxa were iaken in winter, 93 in summer and 30 per cent of the fauna was common to both sedsons. lncldding protozoans and roti_ fe-rs, 96 tara occurred in Angove Laf,e, 72 in Gardner Lake, Results 85 in Moates Lake. Seventeen per cent ot lhe fauna was common to the three lrles Salinity was <l g Ll TDS in all waterbodies except Cardner Lake in both winter and summer (Table l). There The rivers and streams were dominated bv insects was little seasonal vadation in salinity of Angove River, whereas lhe lale. were dominated bv crustaceans and Goodga River or Moates Lake but it increased three-fold in rotilers (see Appendix). Gardner Lake in summer to 2.55 g Ll TDS.
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