MUCH MORE THAN A MEASUREMENT!

DIGITAL PROFILE MEASURING

by GREENWOOD ENGINEERING A/S

Full contact - Your way to valid and reliable data Safety

Capacity Quality

Punctuality Travelling Comfort

Stay in full control of your assets Choose full contact measurements Frequency Costs Why MiniProf BT

The MiniProf BT system is an excellent full contact measurement system with Bluetooth connection for fast, reliable and extremely high quality profile measurements. Combined with a user-friendly and flexible software package which Area of use can easily be configured from basic use to in-depth post measurement analysis, MiniProfBT can be used for numerous purposes on all types of wheel, rail and brake profiles. It enables the user to make critical decisions in purchase, maintenance, quality and safety departments etc. and represents a great platform for research and development all over the world.

Product design & development • Material and life cycle test Manufacturing Research & universities • Lubrication/friction effect • Design of wheel, rail, brake disk, boogie • Production quality control • WRI studies, verification of research and principles • Factory acceptance inspection before shipment • Reduce noise and wear-rates to extend asset lifetime • Verification of production equipment • Improve safety, speed, load and travel comfort Procurement Safety regulation • On-site field/workshop incoming inspection • Inspection check if assets are within regulation • Lifetime/performance monitoring – forecast planning • Accident and derailment investigation • Compare quality from different suppliers • Analysis and documentation of work MUCH MORE THAN A MEASUREMENT! Maintenance • On-site field/workshop conformity, limit inspection & Quality control documentation • Verify accuracy of on-site/build-in laser-based gauges Management • Rail grinding, profile check before/after • Verify accuracy of wheel lathes and rail grinding machines • Life cycle wear monitoring • Wheel re-profiling, profile check before/after milling • Verify accuracy of handheld laser-based gauges • Trend forecast, planning of on-time maintenance intervals • Life expectancy / improvements / replacements 3 Measuring principles

Measuring principles

MiniProf BT is based on secure full-contact measurements and has a knife-shaped full contact point directly to the surface of a given profile. The magnetic full contact point minimizes influences from oil, lubrication, dirt and other substances on the profile as it “cuts” through the layers. It ensures constant contact to the actual profile during the complete measuring process and minimizes operator influence. The accuracy of a MiniProf BT system is very consistent due to the unique measuring principle with a small magnetic measuring wheel and two rotating optical high resolution encoders which ensure that the measurement is performed perpendicular to the surface of the entire profile. Due to the unique combination of full contact measurements, consistency and outstanding high-resolution optical encoders, MiniProf BT provides the highest accuracy available on the world market today. 20-30.000 collected individual points in one single profile measurement generate outstanding raw material resulting in excellent profile measurements with extremely high accuracies.

4 Full contact vs. non-contact

Full contact vs. non-contact Sand A full contact measuring system measures the exact profile. Concerns about dirt, oil and greasy surfaces are minimized thanks to the MiniProf BT full contact point which cuts through unwanted layers on the profile. Dirt Raindrops A non-contact measuring system is not in full contact with the actual profile and therefore provides pictures of a given surface including unremoved dirt, oil etc. Full contact measuring systems are not influenced by Lubrication Leaves reflecting light on the profile surface or by shiny profile surfaces like a newly turned wheel etc. Non-contact devices may show inconsistency when used on reflecting surfaces, in bright sunlight, frost, fog and moist climates etc. due to the sensibility of the Reflecting light Snow non-contact data collecting method.

White frost

Full contact by Non contact

Layers on surface Reflective surface

Actual profile Features

Bluetooth Highest accuracy Lightweight and handheld unit MiniProf BT has a strong Bluetooth connection with a A MiniProf BT instrument provides the highest accuracy A MiniProf BT instrument is a compact and wireless standard operating range from minimum 5-10 m. The available on the market today. The profile accuracy handheld unit, which can enter very narrow places. It user is able to perform fast and wireless measurements lies between 9 and 11 µm depending on the MiniProf weighs from only 0,7 kg and is delivered in a ready-to-go making the measuring process even more flexible and system configuration. transport case for safe storage and transportation. efficient. Option for USB cable connection is included.

Optical encoders

22 Ti Titanium 47.867 [Ar]3d24s2 6.8281 Profile Magnetic wheel

Top quality components Consistent accuracy Fast and easy to use MiniProf BT is made of titanium which makes it very The accuracy of a MiniProf BT system is very consistent The MiniProf BT is a fast and easy to use measuring temperature and shock resistant and ensures accuracy, due to the measuring principle with a small magnetic system which enables the user to carry out a single stability and a very long lifetime. measuring wheel and two rotating optical high profile measurement in less than 5 seconds. resolution encoders which ensure that the measurement is performed perpendicular to the surface of the entire profile.

6 Features

Long battery life Easy-to-clean design Warranty - 5 years MiniProf BT is the perfect tool for field work. A new fully The MiniProf BT instrument has an easy-to-clean design, The MiniProf BT systems are founded on 25 years of charged battery contains approximately 1000 which reduces the accumulation of oil and dirt. The solid experience. We are therefore proud and confident Bluetooth measurements or 10 hours of work, which cleaning of the instrument is easily done just by using a to offer up to 5 years warranty on all new MiniProfBT can be even further extended when using the cable mild solvent and a cloth after use of the instrument. instruments as well as discounted loyalty calibration connection option. prices.

Operation temperature Full digital profile Full software package The MiniProf BT instrument can be used for measuring in MiniProf BT uses high resolution optical encoders when MiniProf BT is supplied with the MiniProf Envision various types of environments and measures perfectly in measuring a profile. An extreme high amount of data software for standard computers and tablets, which temperatures from at least -15°C to +50°C. for the total profile is collected and an average of allows for data collection and contains powerful approximately 600 points of the profile is saved digitally modules for advanced data handling, analyzing and for further analysis. reporting. MiniProf BT also includes the MiniProf Criterion app for Android phones which is designed for easy data collection in the field.

7 Infrastructure

BT

MiniProf BT Rail is a high precision, lightweight and portable tool for performing cross-sectional measurements in order to monitor and analyze the wear of rails. It is equipped with Bluetooth as well as cable connection option and is supplied in few variations for all types of rails, including grooved rails. • MP-260: Incl. perpendicular device • MP-261: Incl. gauge determination, grade, super elevation, also suitable for grooved rails • MP-262: incl. gauge determination, grade, super elevation, perpendicular device Magnetically attached to the top of the railhead using the opposite rail as reference, the rail profile is measured in less than 5 seconds reducing exposure on the .

Profile accuracy Weight Better than: ±11 µm MP-260: 0,8 kg Repeatability: ±2.5 µm MP-261: 0,7 kg MP-262: 1,2 kg Measuring speed Telescopic rod: 0,6 kg Speed: < 5 seconds Infrastructure

Rail wear calculations Gauge measuring Super-elevation / Grade Vertical, horizontal and angled wear is calculated MiniProf BT Rail is equipped with a telescopic rod using Super elevation and grade are measured automatically instantly. Numerous additional calculations and the opposite rail as reference. This ensures a correct and depending on system configuration. The values are alignments for rails are available in the versatile and stable position and prevents the instrument from tilting. stored with the measurement and can be displayed at flexible Envision software package and can easily be Depending on system configuration, the is any time. The range of the measured inclination is ± 30 added for optimum and customized configuration. measured simultaneous. deg.

Rail analysis & grinding Perpendicular device Suitable for grooved rail The MiniProf Envision software can visualize and Depending on system configuration, MiniProf BT Rail MiniProf BT Rail, type MP-261, can be used on grooved calculate residuals and areas automatically and provides is equipped with a small built-in perpendicular device rails. The full contact magnetic measuring wheel ensures a functionality which is often used for rail grinding which ensures correct alignment to the rail and prevents that the measurement is taken all the way down to the analysis. Measurements can be compared in multiple faulty diagonal measurements. groove. Based on a reference, both the horizontal wear ways and easily exported to various formats. MiniProf and the side wear are calculated. Envision offers you a powerful rail analysis tool as well as user friendly measuring software.

9 Rolling stock

BT

MiniProf BT Wheel is a high precision, lightweight and portable tool for performing cross-sectional wheel profile measurements in order to monitor and analyze the wear of wheels. It is equipped with Bluetooth as well as cable connection option and can be used on various types of wheels. Magnetically attached to the backside of the wheel, the wheel profile is measured in less than 5 seconds. A complete railroad car can be measured in less than 5 minutes. Various calculations and alignments for wheel are available in the versatile and flexible Envision software package and can easily be added for optimum and customized configuration of the MiniProfBT Wheel system.

Profile accuracy Measuring speed Better than: ±9 µm Speed: < 5 seconds Repeatability: ±2.5 µm Weight Unit: 1,1 kg Rolling stock

BT

Wheel wear calculations Wheel analysis The Sd, Sh and qR values are calculated instantly and The MiniProf Envision software can visualize and numerous additional calculations and alignments for calculate residuals and areas automatically. MiniProf BT Lightrail Wheel is a small instrument, with an wheels are available in the versatile and flexible Envision Measurements can be compared in multiple ways and only 100 mm backplate, specially designed for use on software package. easily exported to various formats. MiniProf Envision vehicles. This small and compact instrument offers you a powerful wheel analysis tool as well as user can be mounted where only limited space is available friendly measuring software. and fits all wheels.

Profile accuracy Measuring speed Weight Better than: ±9 µm Speed: < 5 seconds Unit: 0,7 kg Repeatability: ±2.5 µm

Reprofiling Measuring scheme The MiniProf BT Wheel system is ideal to use before and When measuring multiple profiles, the MiniProfBT after reprofiling of the wheels to determine when to measuring scheme is a very strong tool for clear reprofile and how much material to take off during identification of each profile in advance and for the reprofiling process. This leads to precise reprofiling simplifying and reducing the measuring process even and improved lifetime of the rolling stock due to the further. unmatched high accuracy of the MiniProf system. Rolling stock

BT Profile accuracy Measuring speed Better than: ±9 µm Speed: < 5 seconds Repeatability: ±2.5 µm

Diameter accuracy Weight 800 mm: 30 µm Unit: 1,4 kg Wheel 400 1000 mm: 50 µm 1200 mm: 80 µm

MiniProf BT Wheel 400 is equipped with a wide 400 mm The calculation of the diameter is based on the versine backplate instead of the standard 250 mm backplate. measuring principle and an assumption of an ideal The extremely high profile accuracy remains unchanged. wheel without local deformations. The state of the Due to the increased width of the backplate, the wheel, including defects on the top of the flange and diameter reading is improved significantly and is three incorrect positioning of the instrument, will impact the times less sensitive to the state of the wheel and the diameter reading and should be considered carefully as measuring process. per below illustration.

The versine measuring principle (0.5L)2 + h2 R = - R wheel 2h support L h Error amplification factor R support Forstærkningsfaktor 90 250 mm instrument R

R - h 80 R 70 2a wheel 60

50

40

30 400 mm instrument R = R + R support wheel 20

10

0 Wheel diameter (mm) 12 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 Rolling stock

BT MiniProf BT Brake is an excellent tool for measuring Wheel mounted the important wear parameters of brake discs and for The wheel mounted MiniProf BT Brake instrument is calculating the brake hollowing and brake thickness. attached magnetically to the vertical part of the wheel, MiniProf BT Brake provides instant calculations of the either on the backside of the flange or on the outer side brake hollowing and brake thickness. The MiniProf of the rim. This part of the wheel is used as a reference Envision software can visualize and calculate residuals for the measurement. and areas automatically. Measurements can be compared in multiple ways and easily exported to various formats. MiniProf Envision offers you a powerful brake analysis Axle mounted tool as well as user friendly measuring software. The axle mounted MiniProf BT Brake instrument is

Profile accuracy Weight mounted on the outer diameter of the brake disc and is Better than: ±11 µm Wheel mounted: 0,9 kg attached using magnetic rollers. These also align with Repeatability: ±2.5 µm Axle mounted: 1,2 kg the wear marker on the disc which act as reference points for the measurement. Measuring speed Speed: < 5 seconds

13 Contact studies

The MiniProf BT TwinHead Rail and MiniProf BT TwinHead Wheel systems are BT portable wireless instruments designed to produce fast and exact measurements of track and rolling stock. Opposed to normal single head instruments, the TwinHead measures both left and right profile together, obtaining a highly accurate relationship between the two profiles. This is especially important in TwinHead analyzing running characteristics for rolling stock using for instance equivalent conicity studies. The system consists of two measuring heads on a fixed beam. The two profiles are measured consecutively one by one. Each profile measurement will be done as by the single-head system. The measurements are stored on the computer and are accessible as individual profiles and together in pairs in one common coordinate system. This provides a high accuracy on the gauge and a precise knowledge of any rotation of the profiles with respect to each other. This information is only possible to gather if you measure with a TwinHead instrument and is a crucial part of any wheel/rail interaction study. The TwinHead system includes extra software modules for MiniProf Envision, namely TwinHead Package and MiniProf Contacts for doing Equivalent Conicity analysis.

Profile accuracy Measuring speed Weight Better than: ± 11 µm Speed: < 5 seconds per profile TwinHead Rail: 1,9 kg Repeatability: ± 2.5 µm TwinHead Wheel: 2,7 kg Gauge: ≤ 100 µm

14 Switch & Crossings

BT

Gauge measurement Switch & Crossings The TwinHead systems provides instant results for common gauge values and supports all standard wear The MiniProf Switch & Crossings system is a portable Profile accuracy Measuring speed calculations for both rails and wheels. wireless instrument designed to measure multiple Better than: ± 11 µm Speed: < 5 seconds per profile Repeatability: ± 2.5 µm profiles on switches and crossings. The instrument Gauge: ≤ 200 µm extends to the opposite rail through a fixed rod, offering stability, gauge and track relative measurements. These Horizontal movement Weight give precise information on the physical placement of Range: 300 mm Unit: 5,5 kg • 100 mm towards gaugeside multiple rails, both useful for maintenance, investigation • 200 mm towards fieldside of problems and for quality control of new installations. Displacement: ≤ 100 µm

Weight TwinHead Rail: 1,9 kg TwinHead Wheel: 2,7 kg Contact studies The TwinHead systems are primarily designed for contact studies. This is more than ever a vital area in railways and fully supported through the advanced Contact module available for the MiniProf Envision software.

15 Software

MiniProf Envision Complete data analysis toolbox

MiniProf BT is supplied with an extensive software package usable for all variations of our MiniProf BT instruments. It is highly flexible and customizable to the individual customer requirements and can be used to perform measurements as well as in-depth post measurement analysis. The software package includes measurement schemes, trending and a lot of other analysing possibilities.

16 Software

User-friendly design More than a profile Examine trends A MiniProf BT system is supplied with modern and user- MiniProf Envision has features such as logging of You can perform trend analysis on your data which can friendly software package MiniProf Envision. Its smart GPS locations and attachment of photographs to show alarm and failure warning levels and estimates. configuration wizard makes setup process easy and measurements. It can also measure temperature, super- These are imperative for safety requirements and provides a simplified user learning curve. elevation and grade with relevant MiniProf instrument. decision making for your company.

Measuring scheme Presentation and portability Intelligent cursors MiniProf Envision features a measuring scheme system Data and results can be extracted and easily used in Profile cursor runs smoothly through the data points to perform large sequences of wheel, rail and brake third-party applications. Customizable templates allow which allow readings between the points. The advanced profiles efficiently. An intelligent scheme wizard, enables attention to details when creating reports, which can be functionality also gives instant residuals and area results the user to make customized scheme solutions. saved as PDF, Windows Metafile or printed. to the user by highlighting the area between the profiles.

17 Software

Evaluation Module Contacts Module The Evaluation module is probably the most powerful tool in the MiniProf Envision Wheel/rail interaction is vital for railway safety and comfort. The Contacts module adds software package, as it brings all major functionalities together to transform your data functions for calculating equivalent conicity on MiniProf TwinHead measurements. into valuable information. • Implemented in accordance with international standards • Import measurements from all MiniProf instruments • Shows graphs for equivalent conicity, contacts points, tangent angles and rolling- • Backwards compatible with all MiniProf generations radius difference. • Filter measurements based on any recorded information • Comes with an integrated construct function which allows creation of sophisticated • Overview of wear parameters with live alarm information TwinHead reference profiles. • Graphical overview of results to highlight areas of special interest • Includes automated batch processing of TwinHead data sets • Open data to view details on the original profiles and perform trending • Edit meta data to correct mistakes and unify displayed information • Recalculate results in case of changes to settings • Extract data and results for third-party applications

18 Software

MiniProf Criterion MiniProf Envision Coach MiniProf Criterion is an application designed to run on modern Android based phones MiniProf Envision Coach is a self-training video tutorial software package supplied with and similar devices. The software provides easy installation and setup to carry out data all new MiniProf BT instruments and available for MiniProf Envision users for download collection in the field and workshops. on request. The software includes tutorials for:

Highlights of MiniProf Criterion: • Software and license installation • Compatible with various types of mainstream Android phones and similar devices • Instrument setup & measurement configuration • Fully compatible with MiniProf BT line of instruments • Measuring with different instruments • Easy data collection • Measuring & functionality on handheld devices • GPS location recording • Analysis functions of the software • Attach pictures to your measurements • Batch processing and reporting • Integrates directly with MiniProf Envision • Additional modules and tools • And much more…

19 Calculations

Common calculations Wheel calculations & alignments

Angles Vertical residuals Wheel wear Wheel flange width Wheel flange back wear Maximum residuals

Calculates the tangent angle, measured Calculates the vertical distance (D) to a Calculates the flange thickness (Sd), Calculates the width of the flange (W) for Calculates the flange back wear (W) for Calculates the maximum, minimum in degrees, at each point of the selected measured profile at each point of the flange height (Sh) and the flange gradient a wheel profile at a specific distance (L) the selected profile. and average residual between the profile. The angles for a reference profile eference profile. The calculation assumes (qR) for a wheel profile. from the top of the flange. reference profile and the measured are calculated and displayed along with that the points in the measured profile profile in a given area. This area is defined the angles of the measured profile if a can be connected with straight lines. independently for wheel, rail and brake reference is selected. profiles as illustrated below.

Curvature Horizontal residuals Wheel flange radius Wheel flange width (Tram) Wheel flange back wear (Tram) Wheel flange root radius

Calculates the curvature in every point Calculates the horizontal distance (D) to Calculates the radius of the wheel flange Calculates the width of the flange (D) for Calculates the flange back wear (D) for Calculates the wheel flange root radius of a profile by fitting a 2nd degree a measured profile at each point of the (R) for a wheel profile. a wheel profile. the selected profile. (R) at a given point defined from the polynomial to a small part around each reference profile. The calculation assumes taperline (L1). The radius is determined point. If a reference profile is available, that the points in the measured profile from the curvature of a 2nd order the curvature will also be calculated can be connected with straight lines. polynomial fitted to a specified area (D). for this and the result displayed as a reference for the curvature of the measurement.

Residuals Wheel flange angle maximum Wheel flange crown thickness Wheel flange angle Wheel flange root radius minimum

Calculates the distance (D) to a measured Calculates the maximum flange angle (A) Calculates the thickness of the flange Calculates the angle of the flange (A) for a Calculates the minimum flange root profile perpendicular to a reference and the position (X) for a wheel profile. crown (D) for the selected profile. wheel profile. radius (R) and position (X) for the selected profile at each point of the reference profile. The calculation determines the profile. The calculation assumes that the radius using the precalculated curvature points in the measured profile can be values. connected with straight lines.

20 Calculations

Wheel taperline angle Wheel hollowing Wheel thread wear maximum Wheel gauge flange Align wheel on taperline Align wheel on diameter

Calculates the taperline angle (A) using Calculates the maximum wheel hollowing Calculates the maximum thread wear Calculates a number of wheel dimensions Aligns a measured wheel profile on a Aligns a measured wheel profile using the average for a distance (L2, L3) around (H) and position (X) for a wheel profile. (W) and position (X) between the and gauge values given two measured given taperline. This alignment only the diameter information stored with the taperline (L1) for a wheel profile. measurement and the reference in an wheel profiles. moves the profile in the vertical direction the profile. area set from the flange backside (L1) to (dy). No rotation is performed. the outer thread (L2).

Wheel wear difference Wheel hollowing maximum Wheel volume loss Align wheel Align wheel on flange back Align wheel on tyre

Calculates the difference between the Calculates the highest wheel hollowing Calculates the volume between the Aligns a measured wheel profile to the Aligns a measured wheel profile to the Aligns a measured wheel profile using the wheel wear on a measured profile and a (H) and position (X) for the selected measurement and a reference. This is reference profile at the top of the flange. reference profile at the flange back. No tyre height information if present. reference profile. profile. done using either the measured diameter This alignment only moves the profile in rotation is performed. (if available) or the diameter entered as a the vertical direction (dy). No rotation is parameter for the calculation. performed.

Wheel thread wear Wheel diameter difference Wheel diameter from tyre Align wheel on flange top Align wheel on outer thread

Calculates the thread wear (w) as the Calculates the difference between the Determines the wheel diameter using the Aligns a measured wheel profile to the Aligns a measured wheel profile to the distance between the measurement and diameters on wheels in a bogie. inner diameter and a field containing the reference profile at the top of the flange. reference profile on the outer thread. This the reference at a given point (L) defined tyre height, measured seperately. This alignment only moves the profile alignment only moves the profile. No from the backside of the flange. in the vertical direction. No rotation is rotation is performed. performed.

CMA: Core, Measurement & Analysis module (included in the standard software) Wear pack (to be purchased separately) 21 Calculations

Rail calculations & alignments

Rail wear Maximum residuals Rail gauge angle maximum Grooved rail geometry Align rail (CEN) Align rail for grinding (High)

This function will calculate the vertical Calculates the maximum, minimum Calculates the maximum gauge angle (A) This function calculates a number of Aligns a measured rail profile against a Aligns a measured rail profile against a (W1), horizontal (W2) and 45° (W3) wear. and average residual between the and position (Y) for the selected profile. geometrical features for a grooved rail reference by moving the measurement so reference according to the CEN grinding The wear is calculated as the difference reference profile and the measured The calculation determines the angles profile: Groove width (W), groove height it intersects the reference at the top and standard for the high rail in curves. No between a measured profile and a profile in a given area. This area is defined either as the tangent angle in each point, (H), crown radius (RC) and radiuses for in a point on the gauge side. No rotation rotation is performed on the measured reference profile. independently for wheel, rail and brake as the angle between two points on each the different parts of the groove (R1, R2, is performed on the measured profile. profile. profiles as illustrated below. side or as the average of the tangent R3 and R4). angles in a certain area (D).

Rail crown radius Railhead angle Rail height Grooved rail wear Align rail on wear Align rail on top

The rail crown radius (R) is calculated as Calculates the angle of the rail head (A) Calculates the remaining height of the rail This function will calculate the vertical Aligns a measured rail profile against Aligns a measured rail profile so the the radius of the circle that gives the best for the selected profile. head (H) for the selected profile. (W1) and horizontal (W2, W4) wear for a reference by minimizing the wear profile intersects the horizontal axis at fit at the top of the rail head in an area a grooved rail. The wear is found as the parameters W1 and W3. No rotation is the top point. This alignment only moves determined by the distance parameter distance between the measurement and performed on the measured profile. the profile in the vertical direction. No (Dist). the reference. rotation is performed.

Rail head width Rail gauge angle Align rail Align rail centered Align rail for grinding (Low) Align grooved rail

The rail head width (W) is the distance Calculates the gauge angle (A) at a given Aligns a measured rail profile against Aligns a measured rail profile against Aligns a measured rail profile against a Aligns a measured grooved rail profile from the field side of the rail head to the point defined from the top of the railhead a reference by using the field side face a reference by using both sides of the reference according to the CEN grinding against a reference using a point on gauge side measured at L millimeters (L). The angle is determined either from and the lower corner. The alignment profiles and the top point. This alignment standard for tangent track and the low the inner side of the check part and the from the highest point of the rail profile. the tangent in the point, the angle can optionally use the gauge side face is particularly useful for aligning rail in curves. No rotation is performed on bottom of the groove. Setting the L parameter to 0 makes the between two points on each side or as if desired. measurements of new rails for quality the measured profile. calculation return the largest width. the average of the tangent angels in a control. certain area (D).

22 Calculations

Brake calculations & alignments TwinHead calculations & alignments

Align grooved rail (Flat) Brake wear Brake volume loss TwinHead wheel gauge

Aligns a grooved rail measurement using Calculates the brake-disc hollowing (W) Calculates the volume between the Calculates the wheel gauge values (Gb, the bottom parts of the groove, either and the remaining thickness (T). measurement and a reference. This is Gtl and Gf) for a set of TwinHead wheel gauge part or check part. done using either the measured diameter profiles. Gb is the gauge found at the (if available) or the diameter entered as a backside of the wheels, Gtl is the gauge parameter for the calculation. found at the taperline on the wheels and Gf is the gauge found on the flange. Default values for the parameters are: L1= 70 mm and L2 = 10 mm.

L1

L2

Gb Gf Gtl

Brake wear (No reference) Align brake on top edge TwinHead wheel gauge (AR)

Calculates the brake-disc wear (W) and Aligns a measured brake profile on Calculates the wheel gauge value (AR) the remaining thickness (T). the top edge so this edge overlays the for a set of TwinHead wheel profiles. AR horizontal axis. is the gauge found at the backside of the wheels at a point relative to the flange top. Default value for the parameter is: L = 32 mm.

L

AR

Maximum residuals Align brake on scale TwinHead rail gauge

Calculates the maximum, minimum Aligns a measured brake profile against Calculates the gauge between two rail and average residual between the the reference by stretching the measured profiles made with a TwinHead rail unit. reference profile and the measured profile vertically so the height of the The two profiles must be linked together profile in a given area. This area is defined measurement (Hm) matches the height for the calculation to succeed. Default independently for wheel, rail and brake of the reference (Hr). value for the parameter is: L = 14. profiles as illustrated below.

L L Gauge

CMA: Core, Measurement & Analysis module (included in the standard software) Wear pack (to be purchased separately) TwinHead pack (included w. TWH instrument) 23 References Globally used by thousands of MiniProf users

Algeria Voest Alpine Schienen Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado Erqi Factory University of Eng. Science Denmark DB AG Brandenburg Wiener Linien (EFE) Fengtai Track Department Shanhaiguan Track Depot DB AG Chemnitz SNTF Wiener Lokalbahnen Icil-Icafal S.A. EMU Depot EMU Depot DB AG Dessau DSB ÖBB Infrastructur Ingenieria Reyes Fuzhou Extension EMU Depot Shenyang DB AG Hamm Argentina Lokaltog A/S ÖBB-TS Knitterfel Metro of Santiago Line 1 Shenzhen EMU Depot DB AG Köln Metro Service Nuevo Central Argentino S.A. Fuzhou South EMU Depot Shijiazhuang Metro Line 1 DB AG Minden Azerbaijan Fuzhou Track Depot Sichuan Kexunda DB AG München Australia Estonia Baki Metropoliteni Antong Borui Company GE Transportation System Sifang Railway Vehicle Co. Ltd. DB AG Netz Estonian Railway Inspectorate Airport Line Goldschmidt Thermit Southwest Jiaotong University DB AG Rollprüfstand ARTC (Australian Rail Track Corporation Belgium Beijing High Speed Track Guangxi Nanning Subway Line 1 Taiyuan EMU Depot Duewag Aurizon Finland Bombardier Transportation Beijing KDTC Technology Guangxi Ruiyi Taiyuan Railway Bureau Eichholz GmbH BHP Bombardier De Lijn Beijing Metro Line 1 Tangshan Railway Vehicle Co. Ltd. Elektro-Thermit Dienstleistungs GmbH Central Queensland University HKL-Metroliikenne Beijing Metro Guangzhou Railway Bureau EMU Depot EWG Downer Edi Rail Tampere University of Technology MIVB/STIB Beijing Metro Line 8 Guangzhou South EMU Depot Ferrostaal FMGL (Fortescue Metals Group Ltd) NMBS/SNCB Beijing Metro Guangzhou Track Depot Urumqi EMU Depot Flex AG Gemco Rail France Rio Doce International Beijing Metro Line 13 Guilin EMU Depot Urumqi Railway Bureau GUSPA e.K. Government of Southern Australia TEC Beijing Metro Line 16 Hangzhou MTR Metro Line 1 Vossloh AG Gutehoffnungshütte Radsatz GmbH IRT, Monash University Beijing Metro Line Yanfang Line 2 Fanya Bombardier Hegenscheidt MFD John Holland Rail Brazil Beijing MTR Hankou EMU Depot Wuhan Hanyang Tram CEF Institut für Bahntechnik GmbH Linmag Australia Industrial Company Wuhan Railway Bureau Chemins de fer de la Corse LASA GmbH CBTU MetroRec Beijing MTR Line 14 Loram Australia Harbin Railway Bureau Metro Line 1 Cogifer TF Logomotive FG Rail Eng. Ferrov. Ltda. Beijing Nankou Division MTM (Metro Trains Melbourne) Harbin Track Depot Line 2 Colas Rail Metalltec GmbH Maschinenbau JFE Beijing Railway Bureau High Speed Vehicle Pacific National Hasco Xiamen Track Depot Egis Rail Müheimer Verkehrgeselshaft Metro Rio Beijing Tiefu Plateway Hengshui Track Depot Xi’an EMU Depot Eurotunnel NMH Stahlwerke GmbH Metro Sao Paolo Beijing Tram Queensland Rail Huizhou North EMU Depot Xi’an Metro Line 4 Bordeaux Prose Berlin GmbH MRS Logistica Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Rio Tinto Jasontech Xi’an Railway Bureau Keolis Lyon Rheinbahn Rio University Architecture Jiangxi Yanghui Xi’ning EMU Depot La Cabone RST Railsystem testing GmbH Rumo Beijing West EMU Depot Speno Rail Maintenance Australia Pty Ltd Ji’nan Railway Bureau Yanan Track Depot Logitrade (Amay) Saarbahn Netz GmbH Universidade Ltajubá Bombardier Sifang () Sydney Trains Jinying (Gemac Engineering Machinery) Yunchengbei Highspeed Train Nancy Tram S-Bahn Hamburg Vale Transportation Ltd. TransAdelaide Kunming EMU Depot Zhengzhou EMU Depot RATP Schweerbau GmbH & Co. VLI (FCA) Changchun Highspeed Track Dep. Transport for NSW Changchun Lanyu Railway Zhengzhou Railway Bureau RTM Siemens Yarra Canada Changchun Metro Line 1 Lanzhou EMU Depot Zhengzhouqiao Track Depot Sculfort SMS Meer Changchun Metro Line Beihu Lanzhou Railway Bureau Zhuzhou Highspeed Semitan Stahlberg Roensch Austria B.C. Changchun Railway Vehicles Co. Maanshan Steel SNCF Stadtbahn Saar GmbH Bird Kiewit Bahnbau Wels Changsha EMU Depot Mechanic Track Depot of Xi’an Colombia TaM Stadtwerke Bonn Bombardier Transportation Bombardier Transportation Line 1 Nanchang Railway Bureau Metro de Medellin Transpole SWK Mobil GmbH Canadian National Citytram Chengdu Metro Line 2 Valdunes SAS Talgo GmbH Canadian Pacific Railway ELL Austria Chengdu Metro Line 3 Nanjing Metro Line 4 Croatia TSTG Schienen Edmonton Transit Graz-Köflacher Bahn Chengdui Ruibang Nanjing Metro Line Ningli Germany TU Berlin Go Transit Croatia Railways Grazer Verkehrsbetriebe China Academy of Railway Science Nanjing & Sanya EMU Depot Adtranz, DaimlerChrysler Rail Systems TÜV Süd IOC Končar - Electric Vehicles Inc. Knorr Bremse Chonqing Metro Nanning EMU Depot Alpha Rail Team GmbH VAG Kelsan Technologies Corp. Linsinger Maschinenbau CNR Changchun Nanning Railway Bureau Czech Republic Alstom LHB, Salzgitter Verkehrsbetriebe Ludwigshafen L.B. Foster Linz Linien CRCC Switch Ningbo Metro Line 1 Bahntechnik Via Essen National Research Council Dopravní podnik hlavního města Prahy a.s. Lucchini CRMSC Beijing Ningbo Metro Line 3 Bayrische Oberlandbahn Vossloh High Speed Grinding GmbH Quebec Cartier Mining Company LEO Express a.s. Növog CRMSC Chengdu Qingdao EMU Depot Becorit GmbH Würzburger Straßenbahn Resco Engineering METRANS DYKO Rail Repair Shop s.r.o. Salzburg AG CRMSC Ji’nan Line 13 Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) Windhoff Bahn Siemens Plzeňské městské dopravní podniky a.s. Siemens CRMSC Wuhan Qiqihaer Bochumer Verein TTC - Ashbridges Škoda Transportation a.s. Swietelsky CSR Meishan Sanya EMU Depot Bogestra Greece TTC - Toronto Transit Commission VÚKV a.s. TU Wien EMU Depot SClead Hefei Bombardier Transportation STASY S.A. TüV Chile Line 1 Shanghai EMU Depot Brunel Urban S.A. Universität Innsbruck Dalian Metro Line 2 Chemnitzer Verkehrs AG Alstom Vienna University of Technology Dongguan Lilin EMU Depot Shanghai Railway Bureau High Speed DB AG Berlin

24 References

Hong Kong Japan Morocco Serbia Sweden Colas Rail UK General Motors Corp. Delta Rail GKY Industries Jet Leader Cargo Service Ltd. Akebono Brake Industry Alstom GSP (Public Transport Company Belgrade) Bombardier Transportation Sweden AB Ltd. Go Transit MTR Corporation Bureau of Transportation Göteborg Spårväger AB Direct Rail Services Griffin Wheel Company Central Japan Netherlands Singapore Infranord AB Eurostar Hampton Road Transit Hungary Daiichi Kensetsu Industries LKAB Malmtrafik AB Arriva Nederland SBS Transit Eurotunnel (Folkestone) Harsco Rail East Japan Railway Company Luleå University of Technology Dunakeszi Jármüjavito Kft. (Bombardier BAM Rail Singapore MRT Ltd EWS Herzog Transit Hankyu Hanshin Railway Technology Norrköpings kommun HU) Connexxion Federal Mogul Houston Metro Hanshin Electric Railway, Ltd. Slovakia SJ AB MÁV-Start DEKRA Rail First Scot Rail L.B. Foster Hitachi SNC Lavalin Stadler Bussnang De Wilde Spoorwegbouw Dopravný Podnik Bratislava, a.s. Freightliner Maritime Terminal Long Island Railroad Hokkaido Railway Company Spark Trade Eurailscout Zilina University Harsco Rail Loram Maintenance of Way, Inc. India Japan Railway Track Technology Stockholms Spårväger AB GVB Amsterdam Heathrow Express LTK Engineering Services Consultants Co., Ltd. SweMaint Bangalore Metro Rail Corp. Ltd. HTM Hitachi Rail Europe Ltd. Luque JFE Steel Trafikverket Bhilai Steel Plant (BSP) Movares Nederland BV Huddersfield University Maryland Transit Administration Kawasaki Heavy Industries Vossloh Rail Services Scandinavia Rail Corp. Ltd. Nedtrain Consulting South Africa Knorr-bremse Rail Systems Massachusetts Bay Commuter Railroad Keihan Electric Railway Co. Ltd. Indian Railways North Central Railway NS Technisch Onderzoek Bombardier L.B. Foster Massachusetts Bay Transportation Kobe Electric Railway Switzerland Indian Railways Northern Railway RET N.V. Cape Metrorail Lucchini Unipart UK Ltd. Authority Korimoto Ltd. Indian Railways South Central Railway Ricardo Nederland B.V. Gibela Rail Alstom Manchester Metropolitan University Metro-North Railroad Kotsu Transport Construction Indian Railways Institute of Civil Stadler Rail Impala Basler Verkehrsbetrieve MerseyRail Miner Enterprises Kyoto City Transportation Bureau Engineering TU Delft LRS Lennings Rail Services BLS AG Metropolitan Rail Consultants MTA Baltimore Heavy Rail Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau Infiniti Digitech Pvt. Ltd. (IDPL) Lucchini Bombardier Zürich MTA Houston Kyusyu Railway Company New Zealand RDSO Ministry of Railways Metrorail East Metals Newcastle University National Castings Mine Seisakusyo Kiwi Rail OREX Furka Oberalp Bahn Nottingham Tram National Transportation Safety Board Nabtesco Iran Vitruvius PRASA Matisa RailMeasurements Ltd. New Jersey Transit Nippon Kikai Hosen K.K. Iran University of Science and Technology Rovos Rail Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn Schweerbau (UK) Ltd. New York City Transit Nippon Speno KK Farvardin Chemie Co. Ltd. Spoornet Metro Lausanne Serco Docklands Ltd. Norfolk Southern Corp. Nippon Steel Corporation Yawata Works RAJA railway transport Co. Bane NOR Surtees Engineering Regionalverkehr Mittelland Serco Railtest Ltd. North Shore Mining Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Tabriz Urban Railway Organization Bilfinger Industrial Services Transnet SBB CFF FFS Siemens NYCTA-MOW Corporation Mantena AS Speno International S.A. SNC Lavalin PATH NKK Trading Ireland NSB South Korea Stadler Switzerland South Eastern Trains Ltd. Penn Machine Company Nagoya Tetsudo Travys Transports Vallée de Joux Alstom Ireland Ltd. Sporveien Construction Authority South West Railways Port Authority of Allegheny County Verkehrsbetriebe Zürich Iarnród Éireann KMI SPT Underground Railway Rail Sciences Inc. Rail Tech Irish Rail Peru Korail TFL (Transport of London) Railroad Friction Products Corp. (Wabco) Railway Technical Research Institute GYM Ferrovias Korea High Speed Rail TFL LUL (London Underground Ltd.) Resco Sagami Railway Israel OHD KRRI Groundwood Enterprise Co., Ltd. TFL Tramlink Saint Gobain Abrasives Shikoku Railway Company KTX Rapid Transit Corporation West Coast Traincare Company Santa Clara Valley Transportation Citadis Israel LTD (Alstom Israel) Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd. Poland MLTM (KRTC) Siemens Sacramentos Technos Italy Rotem Ming Yu Machinery Co. Ltd. United States of America Siemens Transportation Systems Inc. Tobu Railway Company PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. Samsung San Lien Technology Corp. AAR Simmons Machine Tools Corp. AAE Tokyo Electric Railway SPAW-TOR Seoul Metro SGS Taiwan Ltd. ABC NACO Sperry Rail Alstom Tokyo Metro Taiwan Railway Administration American Steel Foundries Standard Car Truck Co. Hitachi Rail Italy Tokyo Metropolian Government Spain THRSC Amsted Rail Steel Dynamics ATM Milano Toshiba Transport CP Comboios de Portugal Amtrak Strato Inc. Bombardier Transportation Totetsu Kogyo Metropolitano de Lisboa Adif Thailand Anchor Brake Texas A&M Transport BTW Transportation Bureau City of Sendai REFER Alstom Siemens Arcelomittal The Burlington Nothern and Santa Fe CoFren TTL Arcelormittal ARM Railway Commel Ueda Brake Ltd. Puerto Rico AVE Turkey ASF Keystone The Modern Continental Construction Co. Ferrotramviaria Spa West Japan Railway Company ACI Puerto Rico Bombardier Burulas Atlantic Streetcar TTCI Ferrovie Emilia Romagna Yamato Trackwork Btre Istanbul Ulasim A.S. BART TTI Ferrovie Nord Milano Yokohama Municipal Transportation CAF Rayvag Vagon Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S BC-Rail TTX ITALCERTIFER Bureau Cetest Metro () Union Pacific Railroad Company GTT Turin E.H. TCDD Bethlehem Steel Corporation Utah Transit Authorities Trenord Malaysia Romania Eusko Tren BNSF United Arab Emirates VAE Nortrak North America, Inc. Lucchini ICER Brakes S.A. Bombardier Transit Corporation Peninsular Rail Equipment AFER-Romanian Railway Authoroty Valley Transportation Authority Mecno Service Nertus Mantenimiento Ferroviario Etihad Rail DB Booz, Allen & Hamilton Inc. Rapid KL Alstom Transport S.A. Veolia Transportation Metro Napoli Siemens Serco British Columbia Rapid Sistem Transit Aliran Ringan SDN BHD Wabtec Metro Roma Sintersa Capital Metro Star Point Russia Whitmore Metrobus Brescia Talgo United Kingdom City of Charlotte WMATA RFI Mauritania Talleres de Metro Bilbao 4-Rail Services City of Edmonton Woojin America SAD Trasporto Locale Tecsa Empresa Constructora S.A. Alstom CSX Railroad SNIM, Société Nationale Industrielle & Saudi Arabia Sangritana TMB Babcock International Dart Minière Venezuela Trambus Spa Harmain High Speed Rail Universidad Politécnica de Valencia Balfour Beatty Rail Delta Manufacturing ENSCO Inc. Caracas Metro Trenitalia Spa Mexico University of Vasc Country Becorit Trentino Trasporti Saudi Railways Company Visiona Control Industrial Bombardier Transportation UK Evraz NA Ferromex Vossloh British Steel FRA GE Transportation Systems

25 World of MiniProf

World of MiniProf The MiniProf systems are used globally in various combinations by thousands of users, and are distributed and supported locally by a vast agent network covering more than 50 countries. A complete list of MiniProf agents and users can be found on www.greenwood.dk

26 Company

Greenwood Engineering A/S

With more than 25 years of international experience, a representative office in China and local agents in more than 50 countries, Greenwood Engineering is the leading manufacturer of highly specialised measuring equipment for monitoring and condition surveys in the global road and railway sector. The wide product range spreads from the handheld and lightweight MiniProf BT units for measuring and analysing the cross sectional profile of train wheels, rails and brakes to the big-size Traffic SpeedDeflectometers (TSD) for network level bearing capacity measurements on roads while driving at normal traffic speed. Since the establishment of Greenwood Engineering in 1992 by Leif Grønskov, the basic premise for all marketed products has been an uncompromising high technological level, a wish to be at the frontier in the business and to present top of the range solutions operating with the least disturbance to environment and traffic and with the highest safety to the user of the equipment. Head office - Brøndby, Copenhagen, Denmark With thousands of various measuring systems distributed and used all over the world, Greenwood Engineering has a strong position on the world market! The continuous focus is to maintain close customer relations, to develop products in an on-going process and to keep and always strive towards reaching even higher technological levels.

27 MUCH MORE THAN A MEASUREMENT!

Head Office Denmark Greenwood Engineering A/S H. J. Holst Vej 3-5C DK-2605 Brøndby Denmark

Phone: +45 3636 0200 Fax: +45 3636 0001 E-mail: [email protected]

Find your local agent and more information at www.greenwood.dk

Full contact - Your way to valid and reliable data

Version: MP201809-1-EN