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The Nineteenth Amendment, Sex Equality, Federalism, and the Family
VOLUME 115 FEBRUARY 2002 NUMBER 4 HARVARD LAW REVIEW ARTICLE SHE THE PEOPLE: THE NINETEENTH AMENDMENT, SEX EQUALITY, FEDERALISM, AND THE FAMILY Reva B. Siegel TABLE OF CONTENTS IN TRO D UCTIO N ............................................................................................................................... 948 I. THE SEX DISCRIMINATION PARADIGM ............................................................................... 953 II. TOWARD A SYNTHETIC READING OF THE FOURTEENTH AND NINETEENTH AMEND- MENTS: A NEW HISTORICAL FOUNDATION FOR SEX DISCRIMINATION DOCTRINE ....... 96o A. Frontiero's Use of History in Building the Race Analogy ................................................ 961 B. Analogical and Synthetic Interpretation:A New Role for History in Sex Discrim inationD octrine..................................................................................................... 965 C. HistoricalTies Between the Fourteenth and Nineteenth Amendments ......................... 968 D. Reading the Suffrage Debates: Some PreliminaryRemarks ........................................... 976 III. VOTING AND THE FAM ILY ...................................................................................................... 977 A. Virtual Representation:Male Household Headship in Public and Private Law .......... 981 B. "Self-Government": The Woman Suffrage Rejoinder....................................................... 987 C. The Surrejoinder:Marital Unity Arguments Against Woman Suffrage ......................... 993 IV. OF FAMILIES, -
Black Women, Educational Philosophies, and Community Service, 1865-1965/ Stephanie Y
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-2003 Living legacies : Black women, educational philosophies, and community service, 1865-1965/ Stephanie Y. Evans University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Evans, Stephanie Y., "Living legacies : Black women, educational philosophies, and community service, 1865-1965/" (2003). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 915. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/915 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. M UMASS. DATE DUE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST LIVING LEGACIES: BLACK WOMEN, EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHIES, AND COMMUNITY SERVICE, 1865-1965 A Dissertation Presented by STEPHANIE YVETTE EVANS Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2003 Afro-American Studies © Copyright by Stephanie Yvette Evans 2003 All Rights Reserved BLACK WOMEN, EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOHIES, AND COMMUNITY SERVICE, 1865-1964 A Dissertation Presented by STEPHANIE YVETTE EVANS Approved as to style and content by: Jo Bracey Jr., Chair William Strickland, -
Property Owner's List (As of 10/26/2020)
Property Owner's List (As of 10/26/2020) MAP/LOT OWNER ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP CODE PROP LOCATION I01/ 1/ / / LEAVITT, DONALD M & PAINE, TODD S 828 PARK AV BALTIMORE MD 21201 55 PINE ISLAND I01/ 1/A / / YOUNG, PAUL F TRUST; YOUNG, RUTH C TRUST 14 MITCHELL LN HANOVER NH 03755 54 PINE ISLAND I01/ 2/ / / YOUNG, PAUL F TRUST; YOUNG, RUTH C TRUST 14 MITCHELL LN HANOVER NH 03755 51 PINE ISLAND I01/ 3/ / / YOUNG, CHARLES FAMILY TRUST 401 STATE ST UNIT M501 PORTSMOUTH NH 03801 49 PINE ISLAND I01/ 4/ / / SALZMAN FAMILY REALTY TRUST 45-B GREEN ST JAMAICA PLAIN MA 02130 46 PINE ISLAND I01/ 5/ / / STONE FAMILY TRUST 36 VILLAGE RD APT 506 MIDDLETON MA 01949 43 PINE ISLAND I01/ 6/ / / VASSOS, DOUGLAS K & HOPE-CONSTANCE 220 LOWELL RD WELLESLEY HILLS MA 02481-2609 41 PINE ISLAND I01/ 6/A / / VASSOS, DOUGLAS K & HOPE-CONSTANCE 220 LOWELL RD WELLESLEY HILLS MA 02481-2609 PINE ISLAND I01/ 6/B / / KERNER, GERALD 317 W 77TH ST NEW YORK NY 10024-6860 38 PINE ISLAND I01/ 7/ / / KERNER, LOUISE G 317 W 77TH ST NEW YORK NY 10024-6860 36 PINE ISLAND I01/ 8/A / / 2012 PINE ISLAND TRUST C/O CLK FINANCIAL INC COHASSET MA 02025 23 PINE ISLAND I01/ 8/B / / MCCUNE, STEVEN; MCCUNE, HENRY CRANE; 5 EMERY RD SALEM NH 03079 26 PINE ISLAND I01/ 8/C / / MCCUNE, STEVEN; MCCUNE, HENRY CRANE; 5 EMERY RD SALEM NH 03079 33 PINE ISLAND I01/ 9/ / / 2012 PINE ISLAND TRUST C/O CLK FINANCIAL INC COHASSET MA 02025 21 PINE ISLAND I01/ 9/A / / 2012 PINE ISLAND TRUST C/O CLK FINANCIAL INC COHASSET MA 02025 17 PINE ISLAND I01/ 9/B / / FLYNN, MICHAEL P & LOUISE E 16 PINE ISLAND MEREDITH NH -
The Writings, Reforms, and Lectures of Frances Wright
Constructing the Past Volume 8 Issue 1 Article 7 Spring 2007 A Courage Untempered by Prudence : The Writings, Reforms, and Lectures of Frances Wright Erin Crawley Illinois Wesleyan University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/constructing Recommended Citation Crawley, Erin (2007) "A Courage Untempered by Prudence : The Writings, Reforms, and Lectures of Frances Wright," Constructing the Past: Vol. 8 : Iss. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://digitalcommons.iwu.edu/constructing/vol8/iss1/7 This Article is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Commons @ IWU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this material in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This material has been accepted for inclusion by editorial board of the Undergraduate Economic Review and the Economics Department at Illinois Wesleyan University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ©Copyright is owned by the author of this document. A Courage Untempered by Prudence : The Writings, Reforms, and Lectures of Frances Wright Abstract Wright was careful in her approach to slavery, saying it “is not for a young and inexperienced foreigner to suggest remedies for an evil which has engaged the attention of native philanthropists and statesmen and hitherto baffled their efforts.” This changed and eventually she would have no problem asserting her views as well as the accompanying remedies, as is evidenced in Nashoba. -
The Woman-Slave Analogy: Rhetorical Foundations in American
The Woman-Slave Analogy: Rhetorical Foundations in American Culture, 1830-1900 Ana Lucette Stevenson BComm (dist.), BA (HonsI) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2014 School of History, Philosophy, Religion and Classics I Abstract During the 1830s, Sarah Grimké, the abolitionist and women’s rights reformer from South Carolina, stated: “It was when my soul was deeply moved at the wrongs of the slave that I first perceived distinctly the subject condition of women.” This rhetorical comparison between women and slaves – the woman-slave analogy – emerged in Europe during the seventeenth century, but gained peculiar significance in the United States during the nineteenth century. This rhetoric was inspired by the Revolutionary Era language of liberty versus tyranny, and discourses of slavery gained prominence in the reform culture that was dominated by the American antislavery movement and shared among the sisterhood of reforms. The woman-slave analogy functioned on the idea that the position of women was no better – nor any freer – than slaves. It was used to critique the exclusion of women from a national body politic based on the concept that “all men are created equal.” From the 1830s onwards, this analogy came to permeate the rhetorical practices of social reformers, especially those involved in the antislavery, women’s rights, dress reform, suffrage and labour movements. Sarah’s sister, Angelina, asked: “Can you not see that women could do, and would do a hundred times more for the slave if she were not fettered?” My thesis explores manifestations of the woman-slave analogy through the themes of marriage, fashion, politics, labour, and sex. -
The Pioneering Efforts of Wise Women in Medicine and The
THE PIONEERING EFFORTS OF WISE WOMEN IN MEDICINE AND THE MEDICAL SCIENCES EDITORS Gerald Friedland MD, FRCPE, FRCR Jennifer Tender, MD Leah Dickstein, MD Linda Shortliffe, MD 1 PREFACE A boy and his father are in a terrible car crash. The father is killed and the child suffers head trauma and is taken to the local emergency room for a neurosurgical procedure. The attending neurosurgeon walks into the emergency room and states “I cannot perform the surgery. This is my son.” Who is the neurosurgeon? Forty years ago, this riddle stumped elementary school students, but now children are perplexed by its simplicity and quickly respond “the doctor is his mother.” Although this new generation may not make presumptions about the gender of a physician or consider a woman neurosurgeon to be an anomaly, medicine still needs to undergo major changes before it can be truly egalitarian. When Dr. Gerald Friedland’s wife and daughter became physicians, he became more sensitive to the discrimination faced by women in medicine. He approached Linda Shortliffe, MD (Professor of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine) and asked whether she would be willing to hold the first reported conference to highlight Women in Medicine and the Sciences. She agreed. The conference was held in the Fairchild Auditorium at the Stanford University School of Medicine on March 10, 2000. In 2012 Leah Dickstein, MD contacted Gerald Friedland and informed him that she had a video of the conference. This video was transformed into the back-bone of this book. The chapters have been edited and updated and the lectures translated into written prose. -
American Heritage Day
American Heritage Day DEAR PARENTS, Each year the elementary school students at Valley Christian Academy prepare a speech depicting the life of a great American man or woman. The speech is written in the first person and should include the character’s birth, death, and major accomplishments. Parents should feel free to help their children write these speeches. A good way to write the speech is to find a child’s biography and follow the story line as you construct the speech. This will make for a more interesting speech rather than a mere recitation of facts from the encyclopedia. Students will be awarded extra points for including spiritual application in their speeches. Please adhere to the following time limits. K-1 Speeches must be 1-3 minutes in length with a minimum of 175 words. 2-3 Speeches must be 2-5 minutes in length with a minimum of 350 words. 4-6 Speeches must be 3-10 minutes in length with a minimum of 525 words. Students will give their speeches in class. They should be sure to have their speeches memorized well enough so they do not need any prompts. Please be aware that students who need frequent prompting will receive a low grade. Also, any student with a speech that doesn’t meet the minimum requirement will receive a “D” or “F.” Students must portray a different character each year. One of the goals of this assignment is to help our children learn about different men and women who have made America great. Help your child choose characters from whom they can learn much. -
A Light in the Darkness: Florence Nightingale's Legacy
A Light in the Darkness: FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE’S LEGACY Florence Nightingale, a pioneer of nursing, was born on May 12, 1820. In celebration of her 200th birthday, the World Health Organization declared 2020 the “Year of the Nurse and Midwife.” It's now clear that nurses and health care providers of all kinds face extraordinary circumstances this year. Nightingale had a lasting influence on patient care that's apparent even today. Nightingale earned the nickname “the Lady with the Lamp” because she checked on patients at night, which was rare at the time and especially rare for head nurses to do. COURTESY OF THE WELLCOME COLLECTION When Florence Nightingale was growing up in England in the early 19th century, nursing was not yet a respected profession. It was a trade that involved little training. Women from upper-class families like hers were not expected to handle strangers’ bodily functions. She defied her family because she saw nursing as a calling. Beginning in 1854, Nightingale led a team of nurses in the Crimean War, stationed in present-day Turkey. She saw that the overcrowded, stuffy hospital with an overwhelmed sewer system was leading to high death rates. She wrote to newspapers back home, inspiring the construction of a new hospital. In celebration of: Brought to you by: Nightingale, who wrote several books on hospital and nursing practice, is often portrayed with a letter or writing materials. COURTESY OF THE WELLCOME COLLECTION A REVOLUTIONARY APPROACH After the war, Nightingale founded the Nightingale created Nightingale Training School at cutting-edge charts, like this one, which displayed the St. -
The 19Th Amendment
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Women Making History: The 19th Amendment Women The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. —19th Amendment to the United States Constitution In 1920, after decades of tireless activism by countless determined suffragists, American women were finally guaranteed the right to vote. The year 2020 marks the 100th anniversary of the 19th Amendment. It was ratified by the states on August 18, 1920 and certified as an amendment to the US Constitution on August 26, 1920. Developed in partnership with the National Park Service, this publication weaves together multiple stories about the quest for women’s suffrage across the country, including those who opposed it, the role of allies and other civil rights movements, who was left behind, and how the battle differed in communities across the United States. Explore the complex history and pivotal moments that led to ratification of the 19th Amendment as well as the places where that history happened and its continued impact today. 0-31857-0 Cover Barcode-Arial.pdf 1 2/17/20 1:58 PM $14.95 ISBN 978-1-68184-267-7 51495 9 781681 842677 The National Park Service is a bureau within the Department Front cover: League of Women Voters poster, 1920. of the Interior. It preserves unimpaired the natural and Back cover: Mary B. Talbert, ca. 1901. cultural resources and values of the National Park System for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this work future generations. -
Constructing Womanhood: the Influence of Conduct Books On
CONSTRUCTING WOMANHOOD: THE INFLUENCE OF CONDUCT BOOKS ON GENDER PERFORMANCE AND IDEOLOGY OF WOMANHOOD IN AMERICAN WOMEN’S NOVELS, 1865-1914 A dissertation submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Colleen Thorndike May 2015 Copyright All rights reserved Dissertation written by Colleen Thorndike B.A., Francis Marion University, 2002 M.A., University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 2004 Ph.D., Kent State University, 2015 Approved by Robert Trogdon, Professor and Chair, Department of English, Doctoral Co-Advisor Wesley Raabe, Associate Professor, Department of English, Doctoral Co-Advisor Babacar M’Baye, Associate Professor, Department of English Stephane Booth, Associate Provost Emeritus, Department of History Kathryn A. Kerns, Professor, Department of Psychology Accepted by Robert Trogdon, Professor and Chair, Department of English James L. Blank, Interim Dean, College of Arts and Sciences TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................... iv Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1: Conduct Books ............................................................................................................ 11 Chapter 2 : Louisa May Alcott’s Little Women and Advice for Girls .......................................... 41 Chapter 3: Bands of Women: -
T H E C O Rin Th Ia N
May 2020 Volume 41, Issue 5 Strawberry Festival Canceled We are sorry to announce that the 46th annual Greece Historical Society Strawberry and Dessert Tasting Festival, scheduled for June 22nd, is canceled. The GHS Board of Trus- tees made the difficult decision to cancel our 2020 Festival due to the COVID-19 global pandemic We held off announcing the cancellation in hopes that the COVID pandemic would be resolved in time to still have our June 22nd festival, but it is now clear that won't happen We would like to thank all our vendors, event sponsors, community groups, members and friends, and especially our volunteers who have made our past festivals possible. While we are all deeply disappointed that this year’s event will not take place, we do plan to continue the tradition in 2021 and possibly have a different community event later this year. Membership Renewal May 1st through April 30th is the membership year in the Greece Historical Society. We sent a reminder letter to our current members early last month and are encouraged at the number of people who have renewed. If you are not a member please consider supporting the Greece Historical Society with a paid membership. Your membership will help support the programs and exhibits of the Society & Museum and the maintenance of our building, plus you will receive our monthly newsletter, the "Corinthian" . Membership applications are available at our museum and on our website at http:// greecehistoricalsociety.org/join-us/membership/. The Greece Historical Society is supported solely by the community and receives no fi- nancial assistance from local government. -
Semifinalists: 2021 National Merit Scholarship Program
160 Rich, Samantha M. CLIFTON PARK Semifinalists: 2021 National 821 Santora, Jeremy J. SHENENDEHOWA H. S. 999 Tunnicliffe, Galen 302 Grady-Willis, Emi A. Merit Scholarship Program 162 Wong, Emily 200 Han, Alice 742 Huang, Yicheng PACKER COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE 906 Kelly, Jack 821 Baum, Eli C. 000 Mackey, Catherine F. 000 Craig-Schwartz, Jordyn S. 600 Park, Brian 000 Harrell, Harper C. 000 Stevens, Taina 000 Paredes, Jaymie 000 Levine, Samuel O. 303 Tang, Kah Shiuh NEW YORK 000 Polish, Isadora J. 000 Yohn, Nicholas V. 450 Yevzerov, Alexander M. 000 Promi, Ramisa ALBANY 000 Reynolds, Kate POLY PREP COUNTRY COLD SPRING 000 Schrader, Max A. ACADEMY OF THE HOLY NAMES DAY SCHOOL HALDANE H. S. 000 Schwarz, Aviva 454 Bell, Megan E. 161 Axinn, Isadore J. 720 Kottman, Sophia O. 000 Sison, Benjamin E. 000 Morris, Henry J. 000 Sze, Edgar 000 Purohit, Gauri A. ALBANY ACADEMIES 000 Van Deventer, Hugh F. COLD SPRING HARBOR 455 Alonge, Mia C. 000 Yamaguchi, Jason A. COLD SPRING HARBOR H. S. 999 ST. ANN'S SCHOOL Li, Alex S. 000 Yamner, Miles E. 454 Ross, Matthew F. 712 302 Mody, Kiran S. Madan, Jay M. 000 Zeana-Schliep, Lars 943 Schisgall, Elias J. COMMACK 843 Tom, William J. AMHERST FIELDSTON SCHOOL COMMACK H. S. AMHERST CENTRAL H. S. 000 Hendrickson, Rachel A. 000 Chen, Kevin 628 Kang, Alex 000 Johnson, Julie A. BUFFALO 555 Park, Paul J. BUFFALO ACADEMY OF THE 450 Whitton, Max M. 000 Kao, Denika 999 Tawadros, Catherine A. SACRED HEART 999 Kim-Suzuki, Saya S. 000 Walsh, Jordan M.