Final Program, the International Neuropsychological Society
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
A Revised Computational Neuroanatomy for Motor Control
This is the author’s final version; this article has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1 A Revised Computational Neuroanatomy for Motor Control 2 Shlomi Haar1, Opher Donchin2,3 3 1. Department of BioEngineering, Imperial College London, UK 4 2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel 5 3. Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel 6 7 Corresponding author: Shlomi Haar ([email protected]) 8 Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK 9 10 Acknowledgements: We would like to thank Ilan Dinstein, Liad Mudrik, Daniel Glaser, Alex Gail, and 11 Reza Shadmehr for helpful discussions about the manuscript. Shlomi Haar is supported by the Royal 12 Society – Kohn International Fellowship (NF170650). Work on this review was partially supported by 13 DFG grant TI-239/16-1. 14 15 Abstract 16 We discuss a new framework for understanding the structure of motor control. Our approach 17 integrates existing models of motor control with the reality of hierarchical cortical processing and the 18 parallel segregated loops that characterize cortical-subcortical connections. We also incorporate the recent 19 claim that cortex functions via predictive representation and optimal information utilization. Our 20 framework assumes each cortical area engaged in motor control generates a predictive model of a different 21 aspect of motor behavior. In maintaining these predictive models, each area interacts with a different part 22 of the cerebellum and basal ganglia. These subcortical areas are thus engaged in domain appropriate 23 system identification and optimization. This refocuses the question of division of function among different 24 cortical areas. -
Neuromodulators and Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity in Learning and Memory: a Steered-Glutamatergic Perspective
brain sciences Review Neuromodulators and Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity in Learning and Memory: A Steered-Glutamatergic Perspective Amjad H. Bazzari * and H. Rheinallt Parri School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-(0)1212044186 Received: 7 October 2019; Accepted: 29 October 2019; Published: 31 October 2019 Abstract: The molecular pathways underlying the induction and maintenance of long-term synaptic plasticity have been extensively investigated revealing various mechanisms by which neurons control their synaptic strength. The dynamic nature of neuronal connections combined with plasticity-mediated long-lasting structural and functional alterations provide valuable insights into neuronal encoding processes as molecular substrates of not only learning and memory but potentially other sensory, motor and behavioural functions that reflect previous experience. However, one key element receiving little attention in the study of synaptic plasticity is the role of neuromodulators, which are known to orchestrate neuronal activity on brain-wide, network and synaptic scales. We aim to review current evidence on the mechanisms by which certain modulators, namely dopamine, acetylcholine, noradrenaline and serotonin, control synaptic plasticity induction through corresponding metabotropic receptors in a pathway-specific manner. Lastly, we propose that neuromodulators control plasticity outcomes through steering glutamatergic transmission, thereby gating its induction and maintenance. Keywords: neuromodulators; synaptic plasticity; learning; memory; LTP; LTD; GPCR; astrocytes 1. Introduction A huge emphasis has been put into discovering the molecular pathways that govern synaptic plasticity induction since it was first discovered [1], which markedly improved our understanding of the functional aspects of plasticity while introducing a surprisingly tremendous complexity due to numerous mechanisms involved despite sharing common “glutamatergic” mediators [2]. -
Submission for MD
Submission for MD University of Limerick, Graduate Entry Medical School Student name: Henry O’Connell ID number: 12110213 Title: Detection and diagnosis of delirium: a study of the application of computer - assisted technologies. 1 | P a g e Table of Contents List of tables ............................................................................................................................................ 4 List of figures ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Abbreviations .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. 7 Assessments and scales used .................................................................................................................. 8 Rater A assessments ........................................................................................................................... 8 Rater B assessments ........................................................................................................................... 8 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... 9 Background .................................................................................................................................... -
Comparison of Prospective and Retrospective Memory and Attention in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain with Healthy People
October 2015, Volume 3, Number 4 Comparison of Prospective and Retrospective Memory and Attention in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain with Healthy People Mehdi Mehraban Eshtehardi 1, Hassan Shams Esfandabad 2*, Peyman Hassani Abharian 3 1. Department of General Psychology, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. 2. Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran. 3. Institute for Cognitive Science Studies, Tehran, Iran. Article info: A B S T R A C T Received: 18 Mar. 2015 Accepted: 29 Jul. 2015 Objective: The present study aimed to compare prospective and retrospective memory impairment and attention deficit in people suffering from chronic low back pain with those cognitive functions in healthy subjects. Furthermore, this study examines the relation between severity and duration of pain and prospective and retrospective memory impairment and attention deficit. Methods: The research was a causality-comparative study. Using convenience sampling method, 53 male patients and 53 healthy male individuals were selected. The participants were asked to fill out prospective and retrospective memory questionnaire and pain numeric rating scale (NRS). In addition, a continuous performance test was performed. The study hypotheses were tested using two independent group T-test and the Pearson correlation analysis by SPSS 22 with the significant level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that there was significant difference between the 2 groups of participants regarding prospective memory, but no significant difference regarding retrospective Keywords: memory. With respect to hypotheses, significant difference was found between the two groups Chronic pain, regarding attention. And finally results of the study did not show any relation between duration and intensity of pain with impairment in prospective and retrospective memory and attention. -
Sensorimotor Skill Learning in Amnesia: Additional Evidence for the Neural Basis of Nondeclarative Memory Daniel Tranel, 1 Antonio R
Downloaded from learnmem.cshlp.org on September 24, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press RESEARCH Sensorimotor Skill Learning in Amnesia: Additional Evidence for the Neural Basis of Nondeclarative Memory Daniel Tranel, 1 Antonio R. Damasio, Hanna Damasio, and Joan P. Brandt Department of Neurology Division of Behavioral Neurologyand Cognitive Neur0science University of I0wa College of Medicine I0wa City, I0wa 52242 Abstract Introduction We investigated sensorimotor skill A number of investigations have established learning, a form of nondeclarative (implicit) that the learning of new skills can be preserved in memory, in 28 subjects with declarative patients who are unable to learn new words, faces, (explicit) memory defects caused by either and facts (e.g., Corkin 1965, 1968; MilDer 1972; mesial temporal (n = 15) or basal forebrain Cermak et al. 1973; Cohen and Squire 1980; Mar- (n=13) damage and in 66 normal control tone et al. 1984; Eslinger and Damasio 1986; Ga- subjects. All 28 amnesics had normal brieli et al. 1993; for reviews, see Baddeley 1982; learning of a rotor pursuit task. We also Hintzman 1990; Shimamura 1990; Cohen and studied in detail the sensorimotor skill Eichenbaum 1993). The concepts of "declarative" learning of patient Boswell. As a result of and "nondeclarative" memory have been used to bilateral damage to both mesial and lateral refer to the different types of information and task aspects of the temporal lobes and to the demands that are dissociated in such patients basal forebrain, Boswell has one of the most (Squire 1992). Declarative memory refers to rep- severe impairments ever reported for resentations of facts and events that can only be learning of all types of declarative brought to mind in image form. -
A Review of Prospective Memory in Individuals with Acquired Brain Injury [Pre-Print]
Trinity College Trinity College Digital Repository Faculty Scholarship 4-2-2018 A review of prospective memory in individuals with acquired brain injury [pre-print] Sarah Raskin Trinity College, [email protected] Jasmin Williams Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut, [email protected] Emily M. Aiken Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/facpub A Review of Prospective Memory in Individuals with Acquired Brain Injury Sarah A. Raskin1,2, Jasmin Williams1, and Emily M. Aiken1 1Neuroscience Program, Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut 2Department of Psychology, Trinity College, Hartford Connecticut address for correspondence: Sarah Raskin Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program 300 Summit Street Hartford CT, USA [email protected] Prospective Memory and Brain injury 2 Abstract Objective: Prospective memory (PM) deficits have emerged as an important predictor of difficulty in daily life for individuals with acquired brain injury (BI). This review examines the variables that have been found to influence PM performance in this population. In addition, current methods of assessment are reviewed with a focus on clinical measures. Finally, cognitive rehabilitation therapies (CRT) are reviewed, including compensatory, restorative and metacognitive approaches. Method: Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (Liberati, 2009) were used to identify studies. Studies were added that were identified from the reference lists of these. Results: Research has begun to elucidate the contributing variables to PM deficits after BI, such as attention, executive function and retrospective memory components. Imaging studies have identified prefrontal deficits, especially in the region of BA10 as contributing to these deficits. -
Abstracts Presented at the Thirtieth Annual International Neuropsychological Society Conference
VU Research Portal The impact of the early frontal lobe damage on the development of executive functions Smidts, D.P.; Anderson, V. published in Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2003 document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to publication in VU Research Portal citation for published version (APA) Smidts, D. P., & Anderson, V. (2003). The impact of the early frontal lobe damage on the development of executive functions. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 8 (2). General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. E-mail address: [email protected] Download date: 03. Oct. 2021 Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (2002), 8, 143–321. Copyright © 2002 INS. Published by Cambridge University Press. Printed in the USA. DOI: Abstracts Presented at the Thirtieth Annual International Neuropsychological Society Conference February 13–16, 2002 Toronto, Canada Wednesday Afternoon, February 13, 2002 Poster Session 1/4:00–7:00 p.m. -
The Relationship of Motor Skills Development to Verbal and Visual Short-Term Memory of Children Aged 9-10 Years
THE RELATIONSHIP OF MOTOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT TO VERBAL AND VISUAL SHORT-TERM MEMORY OF CHILDREN AGED 9-10 YEARS By Fadya Mahrous Jerojeis A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Kinesiology-Doctor of Philosophy 2017 ABSTRACT THE RELATIONSHIP OF MOTOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT TO VERBAL AND VISUAL SHORT-TERM MEMORY OF CHILDREN AGED 9-10 YEARS By Fadya Mahrous Jerojeis Introduction: the association between physical and cognitive development relies on the essential role that early motor development has in improving cognitive ability over time. This association highlights the need to explore the relationship between motor skills and cognitive functions (e.g., working memory capacity, attention, and inhibition) and whether the relation is specific to certain categories of motor and cognitive skills. Thus, the purpose of the current study is to examine the relationship among the level of fundamental motor skills (FMS) of both locomotor and object-control skills, verbal short-term memory (STM) and visuospatial short- term memory (STM), and gender. Information regarding ethnicity, BMI, and parents’ education level of the participants was collected for exploratory purposes. Method: A cross-sectional study was used to examine the relationship between FMS and verbal STM and visuospatial STM. Sixty-one children aged 9-10 years (boys: n = 28; 45.9% and girls: n = 33; 54.1%) were selected from five regions in Michigan. Two instruments were used to examine the relationship between FMS and verbal STM and visuospatial STM. The level of motor skills development determined by Test of Growth and Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2), and the level of verbal STM and visuospatial STM determined by Automated WM Assessment– Second Edition (AWMA). -
Abstract Book
Plenary Abstracts PL01 Date: Friday 22 April 2016 Session: Advances Towards Prevention, Treatment and Cure LATEST DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT 2016 Serge Gauthier1 1McGill Center for Studies in Aging, AD Research Unit, H4H 1R3, Montreal, 6825 LaSalle Boulevard, CANADA Abstract: There are ongoing efforts at harmonizing research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) throughout its stages (asymptomatic at risk, MCI, dementia). This will facilitate research on prevention using non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic strategies. There is a concerted effort from governments, regulators, the pharmaceutical industry and investigators to accelerate the pace of therapeutic research through all these stages of AD. Recruiting for therapeutic research will be facilitated by the involvement of persons at risk and patients through “trial ready cohorts”. The increasing use of biomarkers measuring the amount of amyloid and tau pathology in the brain may help to choose the right treatment for the right person at the right stage of disease. In the near future combinations of treatments will be tried, and we need to learn from the fields of infectious disease and cancer about trial design, practice guidelines and costs sharing. National plans will help implement current and future diagnostic and treatment strategies world-wide. Keywords: research 2 | www.adi2016.org @ADIConferenve / ADI2016 Plenary Abstracts PL02 Date: Friday 22 April 2016 Session: Advances Towards Prevention, Treatment and Cure THE WELL-EDUCATED LAB RAT: A VIEW OF CLINICAL RESEARCH FROM -
Richards, Louise (2011) Estimation of Post-Traumatic Amnesia in Emergency Department Attendees Presenting with Head Injury. D Clin Psy Thesis
Richards, Louise (2011) Estimation of post-traumatic amnesia in emergency department attendees presenting with head injury. D Clin Psy thesis. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2422/ Copyright and moral rights for this thesis are retained by the author A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Glasgow Theses Service http://theses.gla.ac.uk/ [email protected] Estimation of post-traumatic amnesia in emergency department attendees presenting with head injury & Clinical Research Portfolio Volume I (Volume II bound separately) Louise Richards (BSc Hons) February 2011 Academic Unit of Mental Health and Wellbeing Centre for Population and Health Sciences Submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (D Clin.Psy) 1 Declaration of Originality Form Medical School This form must be completed and signed and submitted with all assignments. Please complete the information below (using BLOCK CAPITALS). Name: LOUISE RICHARDS Registration Number: Candidate Number: 0702120r Course Name (e.g MBChB 2) : DOCTORATE IN CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY (D.Clin.Psy) Assignment Name: MAJOR RESEARCH PROJECT & CLINICAL RESEARCH PORTFOLIO Date :26.11.10 An extract from the University’s Statement on Plagiarism is provided overleaf. -
Attentional Focus, Motor Learning, and Expectancy Effect Wichanart Thengtrirat Bachelor of Arts (Psychology, Sport Studies) (Hons)
Attentional focus, motor learning, and expectancy effect Wichanart Thengtrirat Bachelor of Arts (Psychology, Sport Studies) (Hons) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2014 School of Psychology 2 Abstract This dissertation examines the effect of attentional focus and expectancy on motor performance. The theoretical basis of attentional focus effects come from previous works of internal versus external type of focuses (Wulf, 2007), which states that external type of focus is superior for learning and performing motor skills. The theoretical mechanism of external versus internal focus is explained in relation to motor automaticity. Another series of research on the similar concept of attentional focus and motor performance utilised a distraction method (dual-task paradigm) to come to a similar conclusion (Beilock, 2011). Experts’ performance is not affected by distraction because their motor skills is automated and require low attentional capacity. The current research ran a series of studies to replicate and extend these previous findings and clarify some of the conflicting classification of different types of focuses. The purpose was to simplify some of the theoretical issues and enhance ecological validity for practitioners (e.g. coaches and athletes). However, current experiments did not find statistical significance of attentional focus effects on performance. Hence, the direction of the research turned to look at other variables potentially affecting performance. A key variable from the conducted experiments was identified as participants’ outcome expectancy. This expectancy effect was then manipulated in the research designs of two further studies which found significant effects. Participants performed accordingly to their outcome expectation regardless of the internal, external, or distraction methodology used. -
Niskalenkkiä, Ristivyöstä Vasti Harrastaneet Lajia Kou- Puhumattakaan
Suomen Painiliiton 100-vuotisjuhlalehti ŠkodaOctavia Combi 4X4 OTA PAIKKASI KELIEN KUNINKAANA Suomen teillä sää on mitä on - onneksi auton voi valita. Uusi Škoda Octavia Combi 4X4 on kuin suunniteltu meidän olosuhteisiimme: Haldex-nelivetojärjestelmä takaa ihanteellisen vetosuhteen, ESP-ajonvakautus maksimoi tieturvallisuuden ja korotettu maavara ylittää tuoreen lumipeitteen. Tervetuloa kelien kuninkaaksi. Moottorivaihtoehdot: 2.0 FSI / 110 kW ja 1.9 TDI PD / 77 kW ŠkodaOctavia Combi 4X4 alk. 33 290 € (+ paikkakuntakohtaiset toimituskulut) ŠkodaOctavia alk. 21 990 € (+ paikkakuntakohtaiset toimituskulut) Yhdistetty EU-kulutus ja CO2–päästöt: 5,0-8,4 l/100 km, 135-202 CO2 g/km Myynti: Škoda-jälleenmyyjät kautta maan, vuokraus Avis Maahantuonti: www.skoda.fi PUHEENJOHTAJISTO vielä ole täysin jääneet junasta – niin istumme junan vii- meisissä vaunuissa. Lajien lisääntymisestä ja panostuk- semme rajallisuudesta huolimatta oletamme ja toivom- me jopa edellytämme urheilijoidemme menestyvän jat- kuvasti arvokisoissa. Meidän olisi korkea aika pysäh- tyä miettimään asioita perusteellisesti aina urheilun ja aivan erityisesti huippu-urheilun pyhänä pidettyjä or- ganisaatiorakenteita ja panostuksia myöten. Mallia tu- lisi ottaa yritysmaailmasta ja pyrkiä määrittelemään Yrjö Tuokko ensin realistiset tavoitteet ja sitten resurssit ja keinot, Puheenjohtaja joilla tavoitteet saavutetaan taikka urheilusta puhutta- Suomen Painiliitto essa mieluummin päinvastoin. Resurssien ollessa rajoit- tava tekijä tavoitteet tulisi priorisoida olemassa ja käy- tettävissä