MSF Activity Report 2007
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MSF ACTIVITY REPO MSF ACTIVITY R T 2007 MSF ACTIVITY REPORT 2007 Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) was founded in Today MSF is an international medical 1971 by a small group of doctors and journalists humanitarian movement with national sections who believed that all people should have access in 19 countries. In 2007 over 26,000 doctors, to emergency relief. MSF was one of the first non nurses, and other medical professionals, logistical governmental organisations to provide urgently experts, water and sanitation engineers and needed medical assistance and to publicly bear administrators provided medical aid in over witness to the plight of the people it helps. 60 countries. MSF International Office 78 Rue de Lausanne, Case Postale 116, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland Tel (+41-22) 8498 400, Fax (+41-22) 8498 404, Email [email protected], www.msf.org THE MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES CHARTER ABOUT THIS BOOK Country text and sidebar material written by Médecins Sans Frontières is a private international Wei Baozhu, Siân Bowen, Jean-Marc Jacobs, Anthony Jacopucci, Alois Hug, association. The association is made up mainly of doctors Isabelle Jeanson, Duncan Mclean, Sally McMillan, Anna-Karin Moden, and health sector workers and is also open to all other Alessandra Oglino, Hélène Ponpon, Susan Sandars, Natalia Sheletova, Sheila professions which might help in achieving its aims. All Shettle, Véronique Terrasse, Elena Torta, Caroline Veldhuis, Joanne Wong of its members agree to honour the following principles: Special thanks to Médecins Sans Frontières provides assistance to populations Montserrat Batlló, Daniel Berman, Laure Bonnevie, Karen Day, Tory Godsal, in distress, to victims of natural or man-made disasters and Myriam Henkens, Pierre Humblet, Anara Karabekova, Fernando Pascual, Jordi to victims of armed conflict. They do so irrespective of race, Passola, Barry Sandland, Miriam Schlick, Susan Shepherd, Emmanuel Tronc, religion, creed or political convictions. Caroline Veldhuis, Tido von Schoen-Angerer and all the field, operations and communications staff who reviewed material for this report. Médecins Sans Frontières observes neutrality and impartiality in the name of universal medical ethics and Managing Editor Siân Bowen the right to humanitarian assistance and claims full Research & Editorial Support Hélène Ponpon and unhindered freedom in the exercise of its functions. Photo Editor Bruno De Cock, Sofie Stevens Proof Reader Emily Wood Members undertake to respect their professional code of ethics and to maintain complete independence from all French Edition political, economic or religious powers. Coordinator Hélène Ponpon Translation Translate 4 U sàrl As volunteers, members understand the risks and dangers (Aliette Chaput, Emmanuel Pons) of the missions they carry out and make no claim for Editor Hélène Ponpon themselves or their assigns for any form of compensation other than that which the association might be able to Italian Edition afford them. Coordinator Barbara Galmuzzi Translator Selig S.a.S. Editor Barbara Galmuzzi Spanish Edition Coordinator Javier Sancho Translator Pilar Petit Editor Eulalia Sanabra Graphic Design Studio Roozen, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Printing Kunstdrukkerij Mercurius, Westzaan, The Netherlands The country texts in this report provide descriptive overviews of MSF work throughout the world between January and December 2007. Staffing figures represent the total of full-time equivalent positions per country in 2007. Reasons for Intervention classify the initial event(s) triggering an MSF medical-humanitarian response as documented in the 2007 International Typology study. Country summaries are representational and, owing to space considerations, may not be entirely comprehensive. COVER PHOTO Nurse working with MSF treating baby with severe dehydration in Pieri, in Jonglei State (South Sudan) © Sven Torfinn 1 CONTENTS Médecins Sans Frontières 4 | | 2 MSF MISSIONS AROUND THE WORLD | 4 THE YEAR IN REVIEW Report Activity Dr. Christophe Fournier, President, MSF International Council 7 | ACCOUNTABILITY: AN MSF PERPECTIVE Christopher Stokes, Secretary General, MSF International 2007 10 | OVERVIEW OF MSF OPERATIONS 7 | 11 | REASONS FOR INTERVENTION Emmanuel Tronc, Policy and Advocacy Coordinator, MSF International 13 | DECIDING WHEN TO LEAVE Emmanuel Tronc, Policy and Advocacy Coordinator, MSF International 1 4 | MSF COUNTRY PROGRAMME CLOSURES 1 5 | PHOTO STORY | Most under-reported crises of 2007 13 2 5 | GLOSSARY OF DISEASES MSF PROJECTS AROUND THE WORLD 2 7 | Africa 5 7 | Asia and the Caucasus 71 | The Americas 15 | 77 | Europe and the Middle East SIDEBARS 43 | Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV 47 | Leaving Rwanda 66 | Child malnutrition 27 | 85 | Gaza strip 86 | AUDITED FACTS AND FIGURES 88 | CONTACT MSF 2 3 Médecins Sans Frontières LD R MSF MISSIONS AROUND THE WORLD WO THE MSF opens and closes a number of individual 58 | ARMENIA 39 | LIBERIA 58 | BaNGLADESH 40 | MALAWI OUD projects each year, responding to acute crises, 78 | BELGIUM 40 | MALI 72 | BOLIVIA 79 | MOLDOVA Report 2007 Activity S AR handing over projects, and monitoring and 72 | BRAZIL 41 | MOROCCO ION remaining flexible to the changing needs 28 | BURKINA FasO 42 | MOZAMBIQUE SS I of patients at any given location. Several 29 | BURUNDI 65 | MYANMAR RUSSIAN 59 | CamBODIA 66 | NEPAL FEDERATION projects may be running simultaneously in 30 | CamEROON 44 | NIGER MSF M a single country as needed. 30 | CENTraL AfrICAN REPUBLIC 45 | NIGERIA 32 | CHAD 66 | PaKISTAN 60 | CHINA 84 | PaLESTINIAN TErrITORIES 73 | COLOMBIA 68 | PaPUA NEW GUINEA 32 | DEMOCraTIC REPUBLIC 76 | PERU BELGIUM OF CONGO 46 | REPUBLIC OF CONGO 34 | ETHIOPIA (CONGO-BRAZZAVILLE) FRANCE MOLDOVA SWITZERLAND 78 | FraNCE 80 | RUSSIAN FEDERATION 61 | GEORGIA 46 | RWANDA ITALY UZBEKISTAN GEORGIA KYRGYZSTAN 74 | GUATEMALA 48 | SIErra LEONE ARMENIA 35 | GUINEA 48 | SOMALIA TURKMENISTAN 74 | HAITI 50 | SOUTH AFRICA 76 | HONDUras 68 | SRI LANKA CHINA 62 | INDIA 51 | SUDAN PALESTINIAN IRAN IRAQ MOROCCO TERRITORIES 63 | INDONESIA 54 | SWAZILAND PAKISTAN NEPAL 81 | IraN 81 | SWITZERLAND 82 | IraQ 69 | THAILAND BANGLADESH 79 | ITALY 70 | TURKMENISTAN INDIA MYANMAR 36 | IVORY COAST 54 | UGANDA LAOS HAITI 36 | KENYA 70 | UZBEKISTAN MALI NIGER GUATEMALA CHAD THAILAND 64 | KYRGYZSTAN 83 | YEMEN HONDURAS SUDAN YEMEN BURKINA CAMBODIA 64 | LaOS 55 | ZamBIA FasO GUINEA 38 | LESOTHO 56 | ZIMBABWE NIGERIA SIErra ETHIOPIA IVORY CENTraL SRI LANKA LEONE COasT AfrICAN LIBERIA REPUBLIC CamEROON COLOMBIA SOmaLIA UGANDA REPUBLIC KENYA OF INDONESIA CONGO RWANDA DEMOCraTIC BURUNDI REPUBLIC OF CONGO PAPUA NEW GUINEA BraZIL PERU MALAWI ZamBIA BOLIVIA ZIMBABWE MOZamBIQUE SWAZILAND LESOTHO SOUTH AfrICA 4 5 Médecins Sans Frontières EVIEW If we were asked whom we treat the most often, we would Addressing maternal mortality R The Year in Review reply: first young children, then young women. Amongst the Maternal mortality represents a quarter of female mortality in IN displaced, refugees and populations caught up in fighting or the majority of the countries we work in. Half of the deaths are by Dr. Christophe Fournier, President, MSF International Council AR whose health structures have collapsed, beside the directly linked to the moment of delivery or the subsequent 24 hours. YE wounded or those affected by specific epidemics, women and Another quarter happen during pregnancy. children occupy the majority of our consultations. This is the Report Activity THE reason why we have to put a particular energy into improving This explains why we should put so much of our attention into the way we address some of the main pathologies responsible antenatal care and deliveries. The more direct complications of for the mortality and the morbidity of these two categories delivery for the women (haemorrhage, eclampsia) are difficult to of population. anticipate but if handled in time should not prove fatal. The medical technology required for treating these complications was 2007 Overcoming childhood dangers standardised half a century ago in developed countries. It is well Once beyond the first days of life, children who die before their known and not difficult to use. Obviously it requires qualified fifth birthday usually succumb to infectious pathologies such as personnel, appropriate drugs and adequate transfusion products, pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria, measles and AIDS, particularly as but it saves the lives of both mother and child. In 2007, we half of them suffer from malnutrition. The good news is that our carried out over 500,000 antenatal care consultations and almost weapons against the main diseases decimating young children are 100,000 deliveries. Yet, a dramatic impact on maternal mortality increasingly effective and may even, potentially, allow us to is difficult to achieve as the vast majority of pregnant women are prevent a good number of them including: not coming to any health structure for follow up and even less for delivery except when a complication occurs. Among the dif- • Pneumococcus is a class of bacteria responsible for a large ferent post delivery chronic complications, vesico-vaginal fistulas number of lower respiratory infections. A particular vaccine are the most disabling and stigmatising and we are exploring the that covers the prevalent strains in Africa exists and we are possibilities of further developing our surgical care to women starting to use it. affected. • Rotavirus is responsible for more than a third of diarrhoea Access to family planning is obviously a precondition