Perspectives on Linguistic Pragmatics

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springer.com Philosophy : Philosophy of Language Capone, A., Lo Piparo, F., Carapezza, M. (Eds.) Perspectives on Linguistic Pragmatics Builds on an important area of linguistic theory Utilizes Relevance Theory as an important framework Explores the relationship between semantics and pragmatics? This volume provides insight into linguistic pragmatics from the perspective of linguists who have been influenced by philosophy. Theory of Mind and perspectives on point of view are presented along with other topics including: semantics vs. semiotics, clinical pragmatics, explicatures, cancellability of explicatures, interactive language use, reference, common ground, presupposition, definiteness, logophoricity and point of view in connection with pragmatic inference, pragmemes and language games, pragmatics and artificial languages, the mechanism of the form/content correlation from a pragmatic point of view, amongst other Springer issues relating to language use. Relevance Theory is introduced as an important framework, 2013, XXII, 543 p. 7 illus. allowing readers to familiarize themselves with technical details and linguistic terminology. This 1st book follows on from the first volume: both contain the work of world renowned experts who edition discuss theories relevant to pragmatics. Here, the relationship between semantics and pragmatics is explored: conversational explicatures are a way to bridge the gap in semantics between underdetermined logical forms and full propositional content. These volumes are Printed book written in an accessible way and work well both as a stimulus to further research and as a Hardcover guide to less experienced researchers and students who would like to know more about this Printed book vast, complex, and difficult field of inquiry. Hardcover ISBN 978-3-319-01013-7 Order online at springer.com/booksellers $ 219,99 Springer Nature Customer Service Center LLC 233 Spring Street Available New York, NY 10013 Discount group USA Professional Books (2) T: +1-800-SPRINGER NATURE Product category (777-4643) or 212-460-1500 Contributed volume [email protected] Series Perspectives in Pragmatics, Philosophy & Psychology Other renditions Softcover ISBN 978-3-319-37689-9 Softcover ISBN 978-3-319-01015-1 Prices and other details are subject to change without notice. All errors and omissions excepted. Americas: Tax will be added where applicable. Canadian residents please add PST, QST or GST. Please add $5.00 for shipping one book and $ 1.00 for each additional book. Outside the US and Canada add $ 10.00 for first book, $5.00 for each additional book. If an order cannot be fulfilled within 90 days, payment will be refunded upon request. Prices are payable in US currency or its equivalent. ISBN 978-3-319-01013-7 / BIC: CFA / SPRINGER NATURE: SCE26000 Part of .

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Definiteness Determined by Syntax: a Case Study in Tagalog 1 Introduction
Definiteness determined by syntax: A case study in Tagalog1 James N. Collins Abstract Using Tagalog as a case study, this paper provides an analysis of a cross-linguistically well attested phenomenon, namely, cases in which a bare NP’s syntactic position is linked to its interpretation as definite or indefinite. Previous approaches to this phenomenon, including analyses of Tagalog, appeal to specialized interpretational rules, such as Diesing’s Mapping Hypothesis. I argue that the patterns fall out of general compositional principles so long as type-shifting operators are available to the gram- matical system. I begin by weighing in a long-standing issue for the semantic analysis of Tagalog: the interpretational distinction between genitive and nominative transitive patients. I show that bare NP patients are interpreted as definites if marked with nominative case and as narrow scope indefinites if marked with genitive case. Bare NPs are understood as basically predicative; their quantificational force is determined by their syntactic position. If they are syntactically local to the selecting verb, they are existentially quantified by the verb itself. If they occupy a derived position, such as the subject position, they must type-shift in order to avoid a type-mismatch, generating a definite interpretation. Thus the paper develops a theory of how the position of an NP is linked to its interpretation, as well as providing a compositional treatment of NP-interpretation in a language which lacks definite articles but demonstrates other morphosyntactic strategies for signaling (in)definiteness. 1 Introduction Not every language signals definiteness via articles. Several languages (such as Russian, Kazakh, Korean etc.) lack articles altogether.
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Logophoricity in Finnish
Open Linguistics 2018; 4: 630–656 Research Article Elsi Kaiser* Effects of perspective-taking on pronominal reference to humans and animals: Logophoricity in Finnish https://doi.org/10.1515/opli-2018-0031 Received December 19, 2017; accepted August 28, 2018 Abstract: This paper investigates the logophoric pronoun system of Finnish, with a focus on reference to animals, to further our understanding of the linguistic representation of non-human animals, how perspective-taking is signaled linguistically, and how this relates to features such as [+/-HUMAN]. In contexts where animals are grammatically [-HUMAN] but conceptualized as the perspectival center (whose thoughts, speech or mental state is being reported), can they be referred to with logophoric pronouns? Colloquial Finnish is claimed to have a logophoric pronoun which has the same form as the human-referring pronoun of standard Finnish, hän (she/he). This allows us to test whether a pronoun that may at first blush seem featurally specified to seek [+HUMAN] referents can be used for [-HUMAN] referents when they are logophoric. I used corpus data to compare the claim that hän is logophoric in both standard and colloquial Finnish vs. the claim that the two registers have different logophoric systems. I argue for a unified system where hän is logophoric in both registers, and moreover can be used for logophoric [-HUMAN] referents in both colloquial and standard Finnish. Thus, on its logophoric use, hän does not require its referent to be [+HUMAN]. Keywords: Finnish, logophoric pronouns, logophoricity, anti-logophoricity, animacy, non-human animals, perspective-taking, corpus 1 Introduction A key aspect of being human is our ability to think and reason about our own mental states as well as those of others, and to recognize that others’ perspectives, knowledge or mental states are distinct from our own, an ability known as Theory of Mind (term due to Premack & Woodruff 1978).
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Minimal Pronouns, Logophoricity and Long-Distance Reflexivisation in Avar
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Definiteness and Determinacy
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9 File Change Semantics and the Familiarity Theory of Definiteness Irene Heim 1 Introduction What is the difference in meaning between definite noun phrases and indefinite ones? Traditional grammarians, in particular Christophersen and Jespersen, worked on this question and came up with an answer that nowadays finds little favor with semanticists trained in twentieth century logic. It amounts to the following, in a nutshell: (1) A definite is used to refer to something that is already familiar at the current stage of the conversation. An indefinite is used to introduce a new referent. This has been labeled the ``familiarity theory of definiteness.'' 1 When confronted with (1), the logically minded semanticist will notice immediately that it presumes something very objectionable: that definites and indefinites are referring expressions. For only if there is a referent at all can there be any question of its familiarity or novelty. Advocates of (1) cannot happily admit that there are non- referring uses of definites or indefinites (or both), because that would be tantamount to admitting that their theory leaves the definite-indefinite-contrast in a significant subset of NP uses unaccounted for. But the existence of nonreferential uses of definite and indefinite NPs can hardly be denied, and I will take it for granted without repeating the familiar arguments. 2 Just think of examples like (2) and (3). (2) Every cat ate its food. (3) John didn't see a cat. (2) has a reading where ``its'', a personal pronoun, i.e. a type of definite NP, functions as a so-called ``bound variable pronoun'' and doesn't refer to any particular cat.
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1 Minimal Pronouns1 Fake Indexicals as Windows into the Properties of Bound Variable Pronouns Angelika Kratzer University of Massachusetts at Amherst June 2006 Abstract The paper challenges the widely accepted belief that the relation between a bound variable pronoun and its antecedent is not necessarily submitted to locality constraints. It argues that the locality constraints for bound variable pronouns that are not explicitly marked as such are often hard to detect because of (a) alternative strategies that produce the illusion of true bound variable interpretations and (b) language specific spell-out noise that obscures the presence of agreement chains. To identify and control for those interfering factors, the paper focuses on ‘fake indexicals’, 1st or 2nd person pronouns with bound variable interpretations. Following up on Kratzer (1998), I argue that (non-logophoric) fake indexicals are born with an incomplete set of features and acquire the remaining features via chains of local agreement relations established in the syntax. If fake indexicals are born with an incomplete set of features, we need a principled account of what those features are. The paper derives such an account from a semantic theory of pronominal features that is in line with contemporary typological work on possible pronominal paradigms. Keywords: agreement, bound variable pronouns, fake indexicals, meaning of pronominal features, pronominal ambiguity, typologogy of pronouns. 1 . I received much appreciated feedback from audiences in Paris (CSSP, September 2005), at UC Santa Cruz (November 2005), the University of Saarbrücken (workshop on DPs and QPs, December 2005), the University of Tokyo (SALT XIII, March 2006), and the University of Tromsø (workshop on decomposition, May 2006).
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Restrictions on Definiteness in Second Language Acquisition : Affirmative and Negative Existentials in the L2 English of Turkish
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Corpus Study of Tense, Aspect, and Modality in Diglossic Speech in Cairene Arabic
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Minimum of English Grammar Glossary
Glossary, Further Definitions and Abbreviations Accusative (See Case) Adjective/Phrase A word/category which often denotes states or well being (e.g., happy, sad), and which can often take an adverb suffix {-ly}(e.g., sad>sadly) or prefix {un-} (e.g., unhappy). Adjectives merge with and modify nouns to form adjective phrases (AdjP) (e.g, red shoes, sad boy, little news). Adverb/Phrase A word/category which often denotes manner (e.g., greatly, quickly, softly). Adverbs merge with and modify verbs to form adverb phrases (e.g., softly spoke, quickly ran). In English, most Adverbs end with the suffix {-ly}. Affix A grammatical morpheme which inflects onto a stem and cannot stand alone as an individual word. A Bound morpheme is a morpheme that must attach to a word stem. A Free morpheme, on the other hand, may stand alone as a free word (e.g., the word visit in re-visit is a free morpheme (and hence a word). The {re-} portion of the word is a prefix and thus bound. A prefix attaches at the beginning of the word, an infix to the middle, and a suffix attaches at the end. Agreement When the Person/Number features of a verb match that of its subject: a Verb-to-Subject relationship of grammatical features. For example, the verb like-s projects {s} due to its 3rd person/singular features matched to the subject John (e.g., John likes syntax). Anaphor An anaphor is an expression (e.g., himself) which cannot have independent reference, but which must take its reference from an antecedent (e.g., He hurt himself)— where himself refers back to He.
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