DOCSLIB.ORG

********************T***************************** * Reproductions Supplied by EDRS Are the Best That Can Be Made * from the Original Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
********************T***************************** * Reproductions Supplied by EDRS Are the Best That Can Be Made * from the Original Document DOCUMENT RESUME ED 309 033 SE 050 658 AUTHOR Miller, Kenton R. TITLE Planning National Parks for Ecodevelopment. Methods and Cases from Latin America. Volumes 1 and 11. Reprint R073. INSTITUTION Peace Corps, Washington, DC. Information Collection and Exchange Div. PUB DATE Mar 89 NOTE 680p.; Volume II was originally published in 1978. Pages with small or broken print, and some drawings, may not reproduce well. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRS PRICE MF04/PC28 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Ecology; Environmental Education; *Facility Planning; Foreign Countries; *Land Use; *Natural Resources; *Parks; Planning; *Science Careers; Science Facilities; Scientific Personnel IDENTIFIERS *Latin America; Peace Corps ABSTRACT This book deals with methods for planning national parks to enable them to provide the greatest benefit to human activity. Chapters included are:(1) "A Conceptual Framework for the Management of Wildland Resources"; (2) "The Growth and Development of National Parks in Latin America";(3) "Planning National Parks for Ecodevelopment in Latin America";(4) "The Evolution of National Park Planning in Latin America";(5) "A Practical Method for Park Planning"; (6)"A Practical Method for Planning National Park Systems"; (7)"The Formulation of a Strategy Plan";(8) "Human and Institutional Capacity to Manage National Parks"; (9) "Some Guidelines from Park Management Experience in Africa";(10) "Major Problems Facing National Park Management in Latin America"; (11) "International Cooperation and Assistance in National Park Management"; and (12) "Strategy for Regional and Global Cooperation." Appendices are inserted in each chapter, and a 22-page index has been supplied. (YP) *****************************************t***************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *********************************************************************** U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION olirr e nl Edur atonal Research End Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received troll, lee person or organization onginating Cr Minor changes have been Made lo improve reproduction quality Points or view or oprmonS staled in this dOCu ment do not necessarily represent ultrciai OERI position or policy "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY P. Heady TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CEATER (ERIC)" A INF'OINATION ODLLECI'ION & EXCHANGE Peace Corps' Information Collection G Exchange (ICE) was established so that the strategies and technologies devel- oped by Peace Corps Vtlunteers, their markers, and their counterparts could be made available to the wide range of development organizations and individual workers who might find then useful. Training guides, curricula, lesson plans, project reports, manuals and other Peace COrpe-generated naterials developed in the field are collected and reviewed. Some are reprinted "as is"; others provide a source of field based information for the production of irenualor for re- search in particular program areas.Materials that you sub- mit to the Information Collection & Exchange thus become part of the Peace Cbrps' larger contribution to development. Information About ICE publications and services is available through: Peace Corps Information Collection Exchange Office of Training and Program Support 806 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20526 Add your experience to the ICE Resource Center. Send ma7. terials that you've prepared so that we can share them with others working in the developmem, field.Your tech- nical insights serve as the basis for the generation of ICE manuals, reprints and resource packets, and also ensure that ICE is providing the most updated, innovative problemrsolving tee hniques and information available to you and your fellow development workers. Peace Corps PLANNING NATIONAL PARRS FOR ECODEVELOPMENT Methods and Cases from Latin America Volumes I & II Written by: Kenton R. Miller, Ph. D. School of Natural Resources The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan USA Peace Corps Information, Collection & Exchange Reprint R073 March 1989 Reprinted with permission of Kenton R. Miller, Ph. D. PLANNING NATIONAL PARKS FOR ECODEVELOPMENT -- Methods and Cases from Latin America-- VOLUME I by Kenton R. Miller, Ph.D. School of Natural Resources The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Michigan USA Fundaci6n para la Ecologiay para la ProtecciOn del Medio Ambiente Madrid, Spain Dedication... to the park managers and rangers who carry the custodianship of their nation's natural and cultural heritage, to manage them for the benefit of present and future generations... A ranger in Tierra del Fuego National Park, Argentina. ii PREFACE This is a book about nationalparks. It deals with methods for planning national parks to enablethem to provide the greatest nossible benefit to mankind. And, it focuses upon Latin Americawhere nations are forging ahead with developmentprograms which include the search for means to provide adequate stewardship fornatural and cultural heritage and for the maintenance of the biosphere. The book has been written toprovide a text for parkmanagers, rangers, and students of middle- anduniversity-level curricula in the field of natural parks, wildlifeor wildland management. No other book exists in the Spanish language for practitioners iii this field, andno book exists in any language which develops and integrates the theoryand the practice of wildland andpark management. The book is also written to share my experiences and those ofthe countries of Latin America with others in that region and elsewhere inthe world. While the book concentrates on Latin America, variousreviewers of the manuscript commented that the principles andguidelines were in fact of universal interest and applicability. The subject is importantbecause it relates to man and hismost important assets: the natural heritage that givesMau the resources with which he has to workto feed and cloth himself, to seek shelter', water, medicines, solace, education,identity and the other necessities of life; and the cultural heritage which shows him what hehas done and from whence he is coming, in order to learn from the past and make outa path for the future. Wildlands are rich in both naturaland cultural values for man. By their very nature, theyare still available for human choice and consideration. The major choice, however, isto face up to the need to plan for the orderlyemployment of the Earth's remaining wildland resources, andto place them under the appropriate management towards benefits of highpriority to mankind. In this way, the material of the book relates to ecodevelopment-- the way in which man organizes and manages his habitatto provide for his necessities bothnow and in the future. It integrates consideration of economic, social and ecological factors andaccepts politics as a natural and valid aspect of humandevelopment. Much of the book is based upon my personal experience. Following a U.S. education through the Ph.D.degree, I spent some 15 years residing and working in Latin America, the bulk of which was with theFood and Agriculture Organization of theUnited Nations (FAO). Shorter term activities and field work were realized in Europe, Africa andAsia. Thus, theideas and suggestions representa blendof cultural backgrounds and pretend to carry considerable sensitivity to the attitudes and realities ofdeveloping countries and theconcepts for the "new world economic order." iii The book is organized into12 chapters. Chapter I presents a conceptual framework for the management and development of wildlands. It provides the contextfor viewing all wildlands and nrovides alternatives to employ them for ecodevelopment. From this overview, the growth and development of the national park in Latin America is reviewed. The remainder of the book then concentrates upon the national park as the most studied and developed category of wildland management in Latin America and the world. The fundamental principlesfor planning national parksare established in Chapter III, and a review of park Planning experience in Latin America is presented in Chapter IV. The treatment of park planning is divided into three chanters: In Chapter V,a method for planning the individual national park is presented in considerable detail. Chapter. VI explores the planning of systems of national parks to cover the reqvirements of entire nations. And, in Chapter VII, a method is suggested for planning thestrategic elements of actually implementing the plans for individual parks and national park systems. In the final analysis, the ability of any country to implementa national park program in any practical way will dependupon whether it can obtain and employ men and women capable of selecting goals, designing plans to meet those goals and then actually implementing the plans to achieve the goals. Chapter VIII focuses upon the development of managerial capacity. In Chapter IX, a side-step is taken to consider the experience of developing countries in Africa. While the historical and cultural differences betweenLatinAmerica andAfrica appear to be insurmountable, there is much to be learned from several specificcases which can be safely generalized to Latin America. The problems faced by the directors and managers of national parks in Latin America are many and diverse. Among them are several which relate specifically to developing the capacity to plan andmanage national parks. Chapter
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Volcanic Ash Soils of Chile
    ' I EXPANDED PROGRAM OF TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE No. 2017 Report to the Government of CHILE THE VOLCANIC ASH SOILS OF CHILE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS ROMEM965 -"'^ .Y--~ - -V^^-.. -r~ ' y Report No. 2017 Report CHT/TE/LA Scanned from original by ISRIC - World Soil Information, as ICSU World Data Centre for Soils. The purpose is to make a safe depository for endangered documents and to make the accrued information available for consultation, following Fair Use Guidelines. Every effort is taken to respect Copyright of the materials within the archives where the identification of the Copyright holder is clear and, where feasible, to contact the originators. For questions please contact [email protected] indicating the item reference number concerned. REPORT TO THE GOVERNMENT OP CHILE on THE VOLCANIC ASH SOILS OP CHILE Charles A. Wright POOL ANL AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OP THE UNITEL NATIONS ROME, 1965 266I7/C 51 iß - iii - TABLE OP CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 1 RECOMMENDATIONS 1 BACKGROUND INFORMATION 3 The nature and composition of volcanic landscapes 3 Vbloanio ash as a soil forming parent material 5 The distribution of voloanic ash soils in Chile 7 Nomenclature used in this report 11 A. ANDOSOLS OF CHILE» GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS, FORMATIVE ENVIRONMENT, AND MAIN KINDS OF SOIL 11 1. TRUMAO SOILS 11 General characteristics 11 The formative environment 13 ÈS (i) Climate 13 (ii) Topography 13 (iii) Parent materials 13 (iv) Natural plant cover 14 (o) The main kinds of trumao soils ' 14 2. NADI SOILS 16 General characteristics 16 The formative environment 16 tö (i) Climat* 16 (ii) Topograph? and parent materials 17 (iii) Natural plant cover 18 B.
    [Show full text]
  • Pudu in a Chilean National Park
    547 Pudu in a Chilean National Park Gary 8. Wetterberg The Chilean pudu Pudu pudu, the smallest American deer, is on the world list of endangered species in the IUCN Red Data Book. One of its few remaining refuges is in the Vicente Perez Rosales National Park. This is in the Lake District of southern Chile, the 'Switzerland of South America', between the Puyehue National Park to the north, and the Nahuel Huapi National Park in Argentina on the east. There are very few records on the fauna of this park, which covers 243,000 hectares, and is part of the Patagonian Subdivision of the Neotropical Faunal Region. Like an Island In many ways, Chile is like an island, cut off by the Atacama Desert on the north, the Andes to the east, the Patagonian ice fields and fiords to the south, and the Pacific on the west. This geo- graphical isolation has permitted the development of a unique biota, and Chilean wildlife exhibits some of the characteristics of island fauna such as narrow endemics and few competitors. The pudu is descended from the deer that migrated from North America in the late Tertiary period (Simpson 1950). The species is primarily of Chilean origin and distribution, although it is frequently encountered in adjacent areas of Argentina, and is present in Bolivia (Walker, 1964). It was discovered and named in 1782 by the Jesuit Juan Ignacio Molina, the 'father of Chilean natural history' (Osgood, 1943). Other species of the genus are found in Ecuador and Peru (Grimwood, 1968), and Brazil (Hershkovitz, 1958).
    [Show full text]
  • Chile: a Journey to the End of the World in Search of Temperate Rainforest Giants
    Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Chile: A Journey to the end of the world in search of Temperate Rainforest Giants Valdivian Rainforest at Alerce Andino Author May 2017 1 Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Table of Contents 1. Title Page 2. Contents 3. Table of Figures/Introduction 4. Introduction Continued 5. Introduction Continued 6. Aims 7. Aims Continued / Itinerary 8. Itinerary Continued / Objective / the Santiago Metropolitan Park 9. The Santiago Metropolitan Park Continued 10. The Santiago Metropolitan Park Continued 11. Jardín Botánico Chagual / Jardin Botanico Nacional, Viña del Mar 12. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued 13. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued 14. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued / La Campana National Park 15. La Campana National Park Continued / Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest 16. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued 17. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued 18. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued / Volcano Osorno 19. Volcano Osorno Continued / Vicente Perez Rosales National Park 20. Vicente Perez Rosales National Park Continued / Alerce Andino National Park 21. Alerce Andino National Park Continued 22. Francisco Coloane Marine Park 23. Francisco Coloane Marine Park Continued 24. Francisco Coloane Marine Park Continued / Outcomes 25. Expenditure / Thank you 2 Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Table of Figures Figure 1.) Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Alerce Andino [Photograph; Author] May (2017) Figure 2. Map of National parks of Chile Figure 3. Map of Chile Figure 4. Santiago Metropolitan Park [Photograph; Author] May (2017) Figure 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Chilean Fjords Expedition
    SOUTH AMERICA: 2019 TRIP NOTES Chilean Fjords Expedition 31 MAR 2019 – 13 APR 2019 13 NIGHTS / 14 DAYS STARTS USHUAIA DISCOVER THE DRAMATIC FJORDS, GLACIERS & PEAKS OF SOUTHERN CHILE The vast Patagonian ice-sheet that straddles the Andes mountains in South America is the third largest ice-mass on the planet, after Antarctica and the Greenland icecap. It is a remnant of the Earth’s most recent ice age and dominates the landscape, ecology and geology of Patagonia. Immense glacial systems cut through towering mountains as they move inexorably towards the sea. Take a look at any map of the region and this action becomes immediately apparent, in the maze of fjords and islands that make up one of the planet’s last great remaining wilderness regions. Ancient boreal forests also tell a story of an evolving planet and the supercontinent of Gondwanaland. They are home to several species of flora only found in South America, New Zealand, and Australia’s most southerly state, Tasmania. Commencing in Ushuaia, we make our way north through a vast network of deep fjords and channels, occasionally venturing out to the Pacific Ocean as we navigate towards Valparaiso – Chile’s historic deep-sea port. We explore our surroundings by Zodiac boat, approaching huge glaciers and observing resident and migratory wildlife and birdlife. On shore, we enjoy hikes of varying durations to outstanding viewpoints, in the company of expert guides. In addition, visits to small coastal communities showcase the unique way of life of the hardy local inhabitants – telling a story of both indigenous and European settlement.
    [Show full text]
  • Chile & Argentina
    C H I L E & A R G E N T I N A LAKE DISTRICT ODYSSEY A Civilized Walking Adventure in Northern Patagonia DURATION: 11 days / 10 nights SEASON: October through April DEPARTURES: Guaranteed with a minimum of 4 and a maximum of 12 participants TRIP RATING: Easy/Moderate Nature, Cultural & Walking Tour, Grade (I) - A dream vacation ideal for families, couples and individuals who enjoy active days, wonderful mountain scenery, friendly locals, great food and outstanding accommodations! 2016/17 DATES: NOV 03 - 13 JAN 12 - 22 FEB 16 - 26 Also on request any week throughout the season for a minimum of 4 travelers INTRODUCTION: This exciting adventure features the best of Chile and Argentina’s Lake District, one of the most arrestingly beautiful destinations in the world! Rolling hills and valleys caress the Pacific before soaring inland to snow- glazed volcanoes. Quaint farms and villages with strong northern European influences are carved out of dense, temperate rainforest, lush with bamboo, rhubarb and fuchsia. Dazzling blue lakes embrace tracts of unspoiled forest, rich river estuaries and flower-strewn alpine meadows, all showcased in some of South America’s oldest national parks. Active days are complimented by cozy nights at fine hotels and lodges, offering luxurious amenities, gourmet meals and excellent Chilean and Argentine wine. Following an overnight flight to Santiago, Chile and connection to Puerto Montt, we travel inland to Puerto Varas, a charming resort town overlooking lovely Lake Llanquihue. For two days we explore quaint villages, tour museums, walk on the Osorno Volcano and visit beautiful waterfalls. Next, we cross the Andes, stopping for a night of sublime comfort within Chile’s most popular national park, Puyehue.
    [Show full text]
  • Chile & Argentinien
    CHILE & ARGENTINIEN WüstenZauber & EisKristalle mit Verlängerungsmöglichkeit Osterinsel SANTIAGO, SAN PEDRO DE ATACAMA & TORRES DEL PAINE Dauer: 23 Tage (17.03. – 08.04.) Argentina – Brazil – Chile – Ecuador – Peru – Uruguay Seite 2 Chile - eingezwängt zwischen Anden und Pazifik, mit einer maximalen Breite von 400 Kilometern, ist dieses Land ein einziger fadendünner, 4.300 Kilometer langer Küstenstrich. Für viele ist Chile noch ein weißer Fleck auf der Landkarte. Hinter dieser Unerschlossenheit verbergen sich reiche und ursprüngliche Naturschönheiten, die dieses Land mit seiner freundlichen Bevölkerung zu einem äußerst lohnendem Reiseziel machen. Es vereint die trockenste Wüste der Welt, üppige Wälder sowie eine fantastische Gletscher- und Fjordenlandschaft. Der europäische Einfluss ist in den Städten wie auch bei den Menschen mit ihrer Weltgewandtheit und Höflichkeit deutlich zu spüren. Baustein Santiago TAG 01 17.03. SANTIAGO (-/-/-) Ankunft am Flughafen von Santiago. Empfang durch unsere lokale Reiseleitung und Transfer zum Hotel. Übernachtung im Hotel Galerias 3-4* (Standardzimmer) TAG 02 18.03. SANTIAGO – PUNTA ARENAS (F/-/-) Frühstücksbuffet Transfer von Ihrem Hotel zum Flughafen von Santiago Flug nach Punta Arenas Baustein Patagonien TAG 02 18.03. PUNTA ARENAS – PUERTO NATALES Ankunft am Flughafen von Punta Arenas. Empfang durch unsere lokale Reiseleitung und Transfer zu Ihrem Hotel in Puerto Natales. Unterwegs Besuch der Pinguinkolonie in der Otway-Bucht Überall vor der patagonischen Küste trifft man auf die Magellan-Pinguine. Die etwa 50 bis 75 Zentimeter grossen, possierlichen Vögel sind leicht an ihrem schwarz-weiss gemusterten Kopf und Federkleid zu erkennen. Von Punta Arenas aus fahren Sie etwa 90 Kilometer, vorbei an riesigen Schaffarmen, in nordwestlicher Richtung, bevor Sie die wunderschöne Otway-Bucht erreichen.
    [Show full text]
  • THE HUMAN RIGHTS of the RAPA NUI PEOPLE on EASTER ISLAND Rapa Nui
    THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF THE RAPA NUI PEOPLE ON EASTER ISLAND Rapa Nui IWGIA report 15 THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF THE RAPA NUI PEOPLE ON EASTER ISLAND Report of the international Observers’ Mission to Rapa Nui 2011 OBSERVERS: Clem Chartier, President of Métis National Council, Canada. Alberto Chirif, Anthropologist and Researcher, IWGIA, Peru. Nin Tomas, Associate Professor of Law at the University of Auckland in Aotearoa- New Zealand, and researcher in the area of Indigenous Peoples Rights. Rapa Nui: August 1 - 3, 2011 Santiago: August 4 - 8, 2011 Report 15 IWGIA - 2012 CONTENTS THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF THE RAPA NUI PEOPLE ON EASTER ISLAND Observer´s Report visit to Rapa Nui 2011 ISBN: 978-87-92786-27-2 PRESENTATION 5 Editor Observatorio Ciudadano 1. Historical information about the relationship between the Rapa Nui Design and layout people and the Chilean State 7 Lola de la Maza Cover photo 2. Diagnosis of the Human Rights situation of the Rapa Nui and their Isabel Burr, archivo Sacrofilm demands, with special reference to the rights of self-determination Impresión Impresos AlfaBeta and territorial rights 11 Santiago , Chile 2.1. Self Determination 12 2.1.1 Right to Consultation over Migration Control 18 2.1.2 Conclusion 20 2.2. Territorial Rights 21 OBSERVATORIO CIUDADANO Antonio Varas 428 - Temuco, Chile 2.2.1. Lands Occupations 21 Tel: 56 (45) 213963 - Fax 56 (45) 218353 E-mail: [email protected] - Web: www.observatorio.cl 2.2.2. Return of Lands 26 INTERNATIONAL WORK GROUP FOR INDIGENOUS AFFAIRS 3. RightS OF IndigEnouS PEoplES in ChilE 30 Classensgade 11 E, DK 2100 - Copenhagen, Denmark Tel: (45) 35 27 05 00 - Fax (45) 35 27 05 07 4.
    [Show full text]
  • EASTER ISLAND Botswana Safaris Amazing Wonders from Desert to Wetlands
    EASTER ISLAND BOTSWANA SAFARIS Amazing Wonders From Desert To Wetlands Easter Island is a magical mysterious place located in a remote area in the southeastern Pacific Ocean some 2,300 miles west of South America. A Chilean territory, Easter Island is a volcanic island known for its intriguing archaeological sites. There are approximately 900 monumental statues, called moai, created by the early Rapa Nui inhabitants during the 10th-16th centuries. In 1995 UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site, with much of the island protected within Rapa Nui National Park. The moai are carved figures with oversized heads, often resting on massive rock altars. Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 to 1100 AD, and created a thriving and industrious culture as evidenced by the island’s numerous enormous stone moai and other artifacts. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island’s population had dropped to 2,000–3,000 from an estimated high of approximately 15,000 just a century earlier. European diseases and Peruvian slave raiding in the 1860s further reduced the Rapa Nui population, to a very low number of inhabitants in 1877. Begin your exploration with a stop at Rano Kao, one of three extinct volcanoes on the island whose crater is pocked with over 100 small lakes. Rano Kao was the second of the three volcanoes to erupt about 2.5 million years ago. Growing inside the crater are grapes, bananas, and totora, a reed used extensively for houses, boats and other uses. Visit Rano Raraku, one of the most interesting archaeological sites not only on Easter Island but also in the entire world.
    [Show full text]
  • The Development of National Parks and Protected Areas Around the World
    The Development of National Parks and Protected Areas around the World Masaaki Yui October 2014 Natural Environment Coexistence Technology Association JAPAN Contents ● Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..1 ● The world’s first natural protected area…………………………………………………………...1 ● The introduction and development of national parks in other countries………………………….2 ● Trends in establishing national parks and recent changes………………………………………….5 ● Nature protection areas established in each country……………………………………………...6 ● Countries with natural protected areas and the period of their establishment……………………8 ● Global trends in establishing natural protected areas: the dawn of natural protected areas………...9 ● Development of natural protection areas…………………………………………………………..10 ● Features of nature protection areas by region…………………………………………….………..13 ● The impact of international conventions and conferences on nature protection…………………..17 ● Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………19 ● References…………………………………………………………………………………………20 Table 1 Establishment year of the first national park by country.......................................................4 Table 2 Examples of natural protected areas.......................................................................................7 Table 3 Period in which countries established their first natural protected area..................................8 Table 4 Global trends in establishing natural protected areas: the establishment of the first protected area by type and region…………………………..11 Table 5 Number
    [Show full text]
  • Rapa Nui National Park
    WORLD HERITACE LIST Rapa Nui NO 715 Identification Nomination Rapa Nui National Park Location Easter Island Province, Valparaiso Region State Party RepubliC Of Ch ile Date 13 June 1994 Justification by State Party Rapa Nui National Park contains archaeological evidence, consisting mainly of moai <megalithic statues>, ahu <ceremonial structures>, houses and ceremonial villages, petroglyphs, and wall paintings. They constitute an outstanding and unique cultural heritage. category of propertv ln terms of the categories of property set out in Article 1 of the 1972 world Heritage convention, Rapa Nui is a site. Historv and Description History Rapa Nui was settled around AD 300 by Polynesians, probably from the Marquesas, who brought with them a wholly Stone Age society. Ali the cultural elements in Ra pa Nui prior to the arrivai of Europeans indicate th at the re were no other incoming groups; they rule out the many hypotheses that have been advanced regarding settlement from south America, Melanesia, Egypt, or elsewhere. According to island tradition, the colonizing expedition of fifty people in two canees was led by King Hotu Matu'a. Between the 10th and 16th centuries the island community expanded steadily, small settlements being set up along practically the entire coastline. The high cultural level of this society was high, and is best known from its monumental stone figures <moai> and ceremonial shrines <ahu>; it is also noteworthy for a form of pictographie writing (fango rongo>, which is so far undeciphered. However, there was an economie and social crisis in the community in the 16th centurv, attributable perhaps to over-population and environmental deterioration.
    [Show full text]
  • Corporacion Nacional Forestal-Rapa Nui National Park Proposal for an International Scientific Advisory Board Jose Miguel Ramierz
    Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation Volume 11 Article 8 Issue 3 September 1997 1997 Corporacion Nacional Forestal-Rapa Nui National Park Proposal for an International Scientific Advisory Board Jose Miguel Ramierz Follow this and additional works at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj Part of the History of the Pacific slI ands Commons, and the Pacific slI ands Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Ramierz, Jose Miguel (1997) "Corporacion Nacional Forestal-Rapa Nui National Park Proposal for an International Scientific Advisory Board," Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation: Vol. 11 : Iss. 3 , Article 8. Available at: https://kahualike.manoa.hawaii.edu/rnj/vol11/iss3/8 This Commentary or Dialogue is brought to you for free and open access by the University of Hawai`i Press at Kahualike. It has been accepted for inclusion in Rapa Nui Journal: Journal of the Easter Island Foundation by an authorized editor of Kahualike. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ramierz: Rapa Nui National Park Proposal for International Advisory Board Corporaci6n Nacional Forestal-Rapa Nui National Park Proposal for an International Scientific Advisory Board Jose Miguel Ramirez. Aliaga Jefe Provincial Isla de Pascua The Chilean Forest Service Corporaci6n Nacional Fore­ micro-organism, chemical corrosion and human cause, and stal (eONAF) is the Chilean Government Agency whose of the importance f preserving this heritage becau e of it mandate includes the management of National Parks. The universal value, CONAF has spon ored and given impetu to Rapa Nui National Park was establi hed in 1935, it 6.7 a plan of special activities for the admini tration and perpetua­ hectares covers about 42 % of the total area of Easter I land.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 United Nations List of Protected Areas
    2018 United Nations List of Protected Areas Supplement on protected area management effectiveness Aires protégéesLorem terrestres ipsum Aires protégées marines et côtières Citation: UNEP-WCMC (2018). 2018 United Nations List of Protected Areas. Supplement on protected area management effectiveness. UNEP-WCMC: Cambridge, UK. Copyright 2018 United Nations Environment Programme. ISBN: 978-92-807-3717-2 Job No: DEP/2197/CA The UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is the specialist biodiversity Centre of UN Environment, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. The Centre has been in operation for almost 40 years, combining scientific research with practical policy advice. This publication may be reproduced for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission, provided acknowledgement to the source is made. Reuse of any figures is subject to permission from the original rights holders. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose without permission in writing from UN Environment. Applications for permission, with a statement of purpose and extent of reproduction, should be sent to the Director, UNEP-WCMC, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB30DL, United Kingdom. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UN Environment, contributory organizations or editors. The designations employed and the presentations of material in this report do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UN Environment or contributory organizations, editors or publishers concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries or the designation of its name, frontiers or boundaries.
    [Show full text]