On the Cutting Edge of Sustainable Energy Supply 19 May Until 25 June 2014

For me the Summer School was the perfect combination of academics and culture. Not only was I given a thorough introduction to sustainable energy technologies, but I also enjoyed the Summer School‘s cultural program. We visited cities, met locals, and learned the basics of the language. However, I was the most impressed with the people of the Summer School. Both the organizers and the student helpers were exceedingly welcoming, supportive, and always available to lend a hand. It was truly their efforts that made the Summer School so unforgettable.’ Jeff Rutherford

International Summer School On the Cutting Edge of Sustainable Energy Supply 19 May until 25 June 2014

The International Summer School in Freiberg was an unparalleled opportunity for me to learn about renewable energy and experience German culture. From day one, the course was packed with stimulating lectures, labs, and exciting tours of facilities such as a wind turbine and solar module production factory. The German culture and language lessons were also extremely valuable, and allowed myself and my peers to achieve a greater level of immersion in the community as we learned to converse with local citizens and students in their native language. I would highly recommend this program to anyone who is interested in learning more about renewable energy, and experiencing Germany in an incredible way. http://tu-freiberg.de Ryan Going Table of contents

WELCOME INTRODUCTION...... 2 FREIBERG AND THE TU BERGAKADEMIE...... 3

PROGRAM ACADEMIC COURSE...... 4 CREDITS AND ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT PERFORMANCE ...... 5 CULTURAL PROGRAM ...... 6 GERMAN LANGUAGE & CULTURAL COURSE ...... 9 LIBRARY AND RESEARCH SUPPORT SERVICES...... 10

ORGANISATION HOW TO GET TO FREIBERG?...... 11 THINGS TO BRING ALONG...... 12 ACCOMMODATION...... 12 FOOD...... 13 INSURANCE...... 14 COSTS...... 15 RELIGION AND CHURCHES IN FREIBERG ...... 16 CONTACT...... 17 APPENDIX 1 – EXAMPLE COURSE SCHEDULE 2013...... 18 APPENDIX 2 – DESCRIPTION OF COURSES 2014...... 21

NOTES

Imprint Published by TU Bergakademie Freiberg, International Center Text: Silke Hickmann, E.C. Uche, Paula Trautzold, Inga Welzel, Charlotte Purps Editorship: Katja Polanski Layout/Type: Medienzentrum der TU Bergakademie Freiberg Photographs: TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Students of Summer School 2013, 2012, 2011, Waltraut Rabich, Jürgen Weyer, Lars-Erik Gaertner und Rene Stahlschmidt, Hänel Print: Medienzentrum TU Bergakademie Freiberg © Freiberg, März 2014 1 Welcome

INTRODUCTION

For the eleventh time we welcome you for the five-week interdisciplinary summer course in renewable energy technology at the Technische Universität Bergaka- demie Freiberg. You are in good company: So far, 125 participants from all over the world have taken part in this unique possibility to learn more about renewable technologies and their influences. The program is designed for students who have completed their third year of study or have earned a first university degree in engineering or the natural sciences. Researchers recognizing an opportunity to refresh and develop their professional knowledge and expertise are also welcome. The eleventh International Summer School ‘On the Cutting Edge of Sustainable Energy Supply’ takes place from 19 May until 25 June 2014. Students shall get acquainted with the most recent technological developments related to the use of renewable energies as well as with current widely used technological solutions. Excursions to relevant companies and research institutions are an important part of the course. The course will be taught in English. In addition to the engineering course German language classes as well as lessons on German history and culture – taught in English – will be offered. Furthermore, the academic course will be accompanied by an extensive cultural program featuring weekend trips to Berlin and Prague, day trips to Dresden and the Freiberg mountain region as well as concerts, sports events and a homestay with a German guest family.

2 Freiberg Field trip wind energy FREIBERG

qq a small university town qq with approximately 42,000 residents qq situated in the Free State of Saxony qq Saxony‘s oldest and most important mining city q q not far from Dresden, the state capital qq in the foothills of the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains) qq founded in 1186 when an immense deposit of silver ore was discovered qq today the region is dominated by semiconductor production, a modern recycling economy, and processing business

qq a destination for many tourists qq sights:

…… terra mineralia: one of the world’s most famous mineral collections …… ‘Rich Colliery’ (Reiche Zeche), the oldest, biggest and last complete mine of Saxony, is now owned by the university and open to the public …… Late Gothic Cathedral with the famous

‘Gottfried Silbermann’ organ made of pure silver

THE TU BERGAKADEMIE

qq 5,600 students qq a 32% percentage of women q 10% international students q qq the world’s oldest School of Mines and Metallurgy qq founded in 1765 and focused on silver mining qq today it is a modern technical university with a wide range of course offerings and a reputation as a center of research

q close connection between teaching, research q and practical work qq smallest university of Saxony, as far as performance and innovation are concerned it belongs to the best

universities in Germany q in 2011 Freiberg programs such as mechanical engineering, q business administration, and chemistry were ranked among the best in Germany qq in terms of third-party funds acquisition the university belongs to the top 5 German universities 3 Program

ACADEMIC COURSE

The course ‘On the Cutting Edge of Sustainable Energy Supply’ covers all major technologies for the use of renewable energies and efficient energy application. It consists of lectures, lab sessions, and field trips. All classes will be taught in English.

Major topics are hydrogen technology, fuel cell technology, photovoltaic technology, wind energy, solar thermal technologies, heat pumps, energy use of biomass and waste material, efficient energy application, micro cogeneration plants, and zero emission power plants and polygeneration. An overview of the world energy situation and of the European policy concerning renewable energies will be given as well.

The lectures will not only cover the most recent advancements in research, but also technologies that are already in widespread use. This will be supplemen- ted by program-related excursions led by subject specialists to companies in the Freiberg region, like Deutsche Solar AG. Lectures on the industrial history of the Erzgebirge region and on German and regional culture are a mandatory part of this course. For an example of the course schedule and a description of the courses please refer to Appendices 1 and 2.

As one of Germany’s leading universities in renewable energy technologies, the TU Bergakademie is home to an experienced and talented group of academics in this field. All faculty members involved in the course have suitable academic credentials and extensive experience in teaching international students.

4 Campus of the University CREDITS AND ASSESSMENT OF STUDENT PERFORMANCE

The engineering course consists of 90 lessons of 45 minutes each. Upon successful completion of the course, 6 credits based 30% on the European Credit Transfer System a presentation (ECTS) will be awarded. The assessment 35% of the students’ performance in the engi- mid-term exam neering course will be based on a mid- term exam (35%), a final exam (35%), 35% and a presentation (30%). Participation final exam in all lectures and field trips related to the course is mandatory. Participants receive a certificate of completion if they fulfill the attendance and exam requirements. The composition of the assessment in a circular chart.

Field trip biomass Field trip wind energy

Rich Colliery Lampadiusbau 5 CULTURAL PROGRAM

The first day in Freiberg will be devoted to an organizational orientation session and a welcome reception.

During the course an extensive program of cultural activities will be offered. This includes weekend trips to the German capital Berlin, to Dresden (the capital of Sa- xony), and to the Czech capital Prague. Introductions for the different excursions will take place during scheduled lectures.

Beside the weekend trips, visits of Freiberg and the Ore Mountains region will be organized. In the evenings participants will be invited to concerts and parties. Fur- thermore, students will have access to the comprehensive university sports courses. This extra-curricular program will give students valuable experience outside of the classroom.

Before arrival and throughout the course, a member of staff of the Summer School will always be available as a contact person. On all field trips and cultural activities the students will also be accompanied by members of staff.

terra mineralia Freiberg Cathedral

6 Visiting Prague Volleyball Tournament pp Weekend trip to Berlin Berlin has often been on the world stage in the last century. Today it is the German capital with numerous government buildings and embassies, as well as the German center of art and culture. There has been an enormous architectural development in the last decade. Berlin has to offer a lot. We are planning to try typical Berlin food, take a Berlin, Brandenburg Gate look at the Potsdamer Platz, the new heart of the city, around Ku’damm as the center of the western part of town, Ale- xanderplatz with the television tower as the center of the eastern part of town, the Brandenburg Gate and we are also planning to climb the dome of the Reichstag, the German parliament building. You may see the site of the former Berlin Wall and Checkpoint Charlie, the museum documenting the separation of Berlin. There will be time to visit one of the museums on the Museum Island, for example the museum Pergamon with its antiquity collection, Islamic art, and treasures from An- terior Asia. Alternatively, you can explore the city on your own.

pp Weekend trip to Prague Prague is not a German city; never- theless worth seeing as the heart of Central Europe. The Czech capital Prague is more than 1000 years old. It has been the place of many important events in Central European history. In this vibrant city you can find buildings of the Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, and Art Nouveau architectural styles as well as socialist architecture in the Prague suburbs. It is an international city with many nationalities living and working in it. One day of our excursion will probably be devoted to a guided tour through the downtown area, featuring the town hall with its astronomic clock, Wenceslas Square, and Charles Bridge. The tour also includes a visit to Hradčany, one of the biggest European fortresses, that is currently the residence of the Czech president. You will have time to explore the city on your own – you can visit the old synagogues in the Jewish quarter or a museum, buy souvenirs or enjoy the summer at Vltava’s river bank.

7 pp Weekend trip to Dresden The Saxon capital Dresden is well known for its Baroque architecture and art collections. Together with a guide we are going to stroll around the Old Town and see well known buildings like the Semper Opera House and the Dresden Zwinger. After the complete destruction of this part of town in February 1945 it has been rebuilt in recent years. Until a few years Dresden, Zwinger ago the beautiful church Frauenkirche was a ruin that reminded of the events of 1945 but is now rebuilt. The guided tour will also lead us through the Neustadt quarter, located on the other bank of the beautiful Elbe river, with its Baroque street blocks and its colorful alternative culture. After the tour you can visit one of Dresden’s art collections and see paintings such as Raphael’s ‘The Sistine Madonna’. Dresden is not only rich in history, it is also home to innovative industries. One example is the Volkswagen Transparent Factory that we are going to visit during this day. Close to Dresden, on both sides of the river Elbe, is the picturesque Saxon Switzerland with sandstone mountains and canyons. A hike through this National Park and a visit to the fortress Königstein is highly recommended. The most famous prisoner of the fortress was the alchemist Johann Friedrich Böttcher, who invented Dresden china in 1708.

(The actual activities are still to be confirmed.)

8 German Course

GERMAN LANGUAGE & CULTURAL COURSE

In addition to the engineering course German language classes are offered.

Students are taught basic speaking, reading, and writing skills covering everyday topics such as first contact, living conditions, jobs, food, daily routines, leisure activities, and traveling. In addition further lessons on German history and culture will be taught in English. A profound introduction to the destinations of the weekend excursions will be given as well.

In addition to the extensive lessons on German language, culture and history a homestay with a German family will be organized for each student. The student will spend a day or an afternoon with a German family and experience a little bit of German hospitality.

It is wise to bring a hospitality gift to give to the family, preferably something special from your home country.

9 University Library ‘Georgius Agricola’

LIBRARY AND RESEARCH SUPPORT SERVICES

Students will have full access to the university library and will be provided with course packages containing all relevant literature and assignments. The University Library holds a total stock of over 830,000 units and subscribes to 1,500 print journals, 41,000 electronic journals, 18,000 EBooks and many different databa- ses. Apart from its general tasks, it is today the leading library of earth sciences, mining and metallurgy. For the users online internet workplaces are available as well as PC stations to search electronic catalogues and electronic information.

Library Opening Hours: Mon–Fri 7:00–24:00 Sat–Sun 10:00–18:00

Please note: Library materials can be borrowed between 7am and 8pm from Monday to Friday and between 10am and 6pm on Saturday. Participants will have access to the internet in the library as well as to all university computer labs, some of which are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The room, where the course will take place, will also be provided with internet. You will get a log in as soon as you will arrive. These services are free of charge. 10 Organisation

HOW TO GET TO FREIBERG?

Freiberg does not have its own airport; the closest airports are located in Dresden, Leipzig/Halle or Berlin. Most international flights arrive in Frankfurt; you can then go to Freiberg by train or book a domestic flight to Dresden. For information on how to get to Freiberg by train please refer to the website of Deutsche Bahn: http://reiseauskunft.bahn.de

pp From Dresden airport: Take the airport shuttle S2 to Dresden main train station (Dresden Hauptbahn- hof or in German Hbf Dresden). It takes approx. 20 minutes. In Dresden main station, change for a train in the direction of Freiberg, Chemnitz, Zwickau or Nu- remberg (Nürnberg in German). Get off in Freiberg (Sachs) after 30 min (fast train) or 50 min (ordinary suburban train). The train ticket from Dresden Airport to Freiberg costs 11.80 EUR (one-way).

pp Berlin: There are two airports in Berlin. If you land in Berlin-Tegel you have to get on bus TXL; get off at Berlin Hauptbahnhof. From there take train Euro-City (EC) or InterCity (IC) in the direction of Dresden, Prague, Brno, Vienna/Wien, Villach, or Budapest. Change trains in Dresden Hauptbahnhof (see above). If you land in Berlin-Schönefeld take a suburban train to Berlin Hauptbahnhof and an EC or IC to Dresden from there. There are also direct connections between both Berlin airports and Dresden by bus. It is advisable to book ahead since places are limited. Tickets can be booked online and paid by credit card. The buses arrive behind Dresden main train station, which is the last stop of the bus. For timetables and tickets check www.berlinlinienbus.de. or http://www.rvd.de/rvd/view/angebot/fernlinien/berlin.shtml

pp Leipzig: From Leipzig Airport go to Leipzig train station (Leipzig Hauptbahnhof) by airport shuttle (approx. 15 min). In Leipzig take a train to Dresden. Change trains in Dresden Hauptbahnhof (see above).

pp Frankfurt am Main: The distance between Frankfurt and Freiberg is 450km. Train tickets can be booked online and paid by credit card. When using a train and having bought the ticket online in advance, you need to bring a credit card as a proof of identity. You can also buy a ticket at the ticket vending machine on the platform (by cash or credit card). The ticket price varies between 50 EUR and 100 EUR. 11 THINGS TO BRING ALONG

The following items will come in very handy for your stay here in Freiberg and also for the scheduled excursions during the summer school program. pp Proof of international health insurance: valid throughout the duration of the program pp International Student Identity Card pp Clothing: warm clothes will come in handy, sports gear if one intends to participate in any sporting activities, trainers/sturdy shoes for hiking trips, warm waterproof jacket in case of rain, swimming things (there are an indoor and outdoor pool in Freiberg) etc. pp A laptop (notebook or netbook): this will come in very handy if you don’t want to be bothered with going to the computer pools all the time (the sockets in Germany are usually for two pin plugs (240 V; 50 Hz); you can buy an adapter at certain shops in Freiberg) pp Sun protection pp Hospitality gift: since a homestay with a German family is organised it is wise to bring some kind of gift to give to the family, preferably something special from your home country (i.e. special food or drinks, a small illustrated book of where you come from ...) pp Towels and hairdryer: in Freiberg you will not stay in a hotel so please remember to bring your toiletries; however, bed linen will be provided.

ACCOMMODATION

The participants of the summer course will live in comfortable, fully furnished single or double bedrooms. Each floor has its own shared kitchen and bathrooms. High speed internet connection is available in all rooms, this service is free of charge; we therefore recommend you bring your own laptop. Washing and drying facilities are available for free. During excursions, the participants will stay in student hotels.

12 Student Canteen, Café Halls of Residence Student Canteen (Neue Mensa)

FOOD

pp Meals Meals are not provided except for breakfast at weekend trips and at a few other occasions.

pp Student Canteen and Café The Student Canteen (called the ‘Neue Mensa’) contains the refectory and café on Campus and offers its service from Monday to Friday. Choosing between four different meal-plans, a meal may cost between 1.85 EUR and 3.90 EUR. Students can choose from a complete meal offer, single components, vegetarian meals and/or salad bar. The café is located in the same building, breakfast, evening meals, coffee and snacks are offered. Summer School participants will receive the reduced students’ price.

13 pp Shopping for Food Food and beverages can be bought at the various supermarkets and shops in Freiberg. Plenty bakeries in Freiberg offer you fresh bread, rolls, cakes and other sweets. Typical for Freiberg is a well-known sweet cake, ‘Freiberger Eierschecke’. The most popular supermarkets among students and good accessible for you are:

Kaufland: Mon–Sat 7:00–22:00 (Bebelplatz, in the city centre beside the high street) Netto: Mon–Sat 8:00–20:00 (Eherne Schlange 29, presumably near your accommodation) Aldi: Mon–Sat 8:00–20:00 (Dresdner Str. 31, near the Institute where the courses take place)

Please note that shops and supermarkets are NOT open on Sundays.

pp Restaurant and Pubs Of course, you may also like to eat in one of Freiberg’s restaurants. Freiberg offers a great variety of different restaurants. Most of the restaurants (called ‘Gaststätte’) will offer typical German and Saxon meals, while others serve a wide selection of international dishes. Most restaurants can be found in the city centre or close to it. Prices will vary a lot. Although the most inexpensive meals may cost about 3 to 4 EUR (for a Turkish Kebab or Chinese dish), most restaurants charge a moderate 5 to 9 EUR (and can reach up to 15–20 EUR per meal). A short selection of good restaurants is: ‘Dunkelhof’, ‘Stadtwirtschaft’ and ‘Kartoffelhaus’ (which offers a great variety of potato dishes). A McDonald’s restaurant can be found in the shopping centre Häuersteig outside Freiberg.

INSURANCE

Participants are required to have adequate health insurance coverage in Ger- many. Emergency evacuation and repatriation insurance should be included. It is recommended to take care of health insurance coverage before leaving for Ger- many. If participants do not already have health insurance we will assist you at the International Office of the TU Bergakademie Freiberg. We also recommend having adequate insurance that covers claims against third parties (German: Haft- pflichtversicherung).

14 COSTS

Costs are amounted to 2,500 EUR (accommodation, cultural activities and tuition). For students and members of our partner universities tuition fees in the amount of 800 EUR will be waived. Participants will only have to pay the amount of 1,700 EUR for course fees, housing and cultural activities. There is no additional fee for language courses.

Participants are encouraged to seek individual funding from organizations in their home countries that offer funding for studying abroad.

Please note: Food and insurances are not included within the program fee. Travel expenses to and from Freiberg and any traveling in Europe after the end of the course have to be arranged and paid for by the students themselves. However, the university will assist with information.

International Students 15 RELIGION AND CHURCHES IN FREIBERG

Freiberg has several Protestant congregations as well as a Catholic church. Both the Protestant student group (ESG) and the Catholic student group (KSG) hold regular meetings once or twice a week. Moreover, services for other religions are provided.

pp Catholics KSG Albertus Magnus Johanniskirche Pfarrer Matthias Kocner Hospitalweg 2a, 09599 Freiberg phone +49 3731-202214 e-mail [email protected] www.eksg-freiberg.de The Catholic church St. Johannis is located in Chemnitzer Straße.

pp Protestants ESG Pfarrer Lüder Laskowski Pfarrgasse 36, 09599 Freiberg phone +49 3731-204190 e-mail [email protected] http://www.eksg.tu-freiberg.de

pp Baptists Evangelisch-freikirchliche Gemeinde Chemnitzer Straße 41, 09599 Freiberg phone +49 3731-247464 e-mail [email protected]

pp Mormons Kirche Jesu Christi der Heiligen der letzten Tage Freiberg Temple Hainichener Straße 64, 09599 Freiberg phone +49 3731-359-617

pp Muslims Prayer room Freiberg sporting room on the second floor: Friday prayers at 13:50 Lessingstraße 45, 09599 Freiberg

16 CONTACT

Academic Director Prof. Dr. Ulrich Gross TU Bergakademie Freiberg Institute for Heat Technology and Thermodynamics Gustav-Zeuner-Str. 7, 09599 Freiberg/Germany phone +49 3731 39-2684 fax +49 3731 39-3963 e-mail [email protected]

Administrative Director Katja Polanski TU Bergakademie Freiberg Internationales Universitätszentrum Lessingstraße 45, 09599 Freiberg/Germany phone +49 3731 39-2625 fax +49 3731 39-3659 e-mail [email protected]

For detailed information please contact

Henrike Lehmann (Assistant) phone +49 3731 39-3635 e-mail [email protected]

Paula Trautzold (Assistant) phone +49 3731 39-4390 e-mail [email protected]

or refer to our homepage at http://tu-freiberg.de/en/international/summer-school you can also take a look at Facebook: International Summer School TU Freiberg 17 APPENDIX 1 – EXAMPLE COURSE SCHEDULE 2013 BERLIN Sunday 26.05.13 Sunday 02.06.13 BERLIN Saturday 25.05.13 Saturday 01.06.13 HOMESTAY 15:15 Friday BERLIN 24.05.13 Friday 31.05.13 SOLAR THERMAL APPLICATIONS IN LOW TEMPERATURE RANGE SOLAR THERMAL TECHNOLOGIES LAB (Schumann) (Schumann/Ferchau) FUELS FROM PLANT OIL GERMAN 4 FIELD TRIP BIOGAS AND BIOFUELS (Wesolowski/Ferchau) (Ferchau) Thursday 30.05.13 Thursday 23.05.13 BIOGAS BIOGAS LAB GROUS)(2 ENERGETIC USE OF BIOMASS 16:30 WALDBAD (Wesolowski/Ferchau) (Krzack/Reichel) GEOTHERMAL ENERGY USE GEOTHERMALENERGY SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY CONCENTRATED SOLAR POWER FOR DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS HEAT PUMPS HEAT PUMPS EVENING IRANIAN (Wagner/Sauer) (Reichenbach) (Groß) (Groß) 20:00 29.05.13 Wednesday 22.05.13 1 Wednesday CULTURE I LIBRARYTOUR 14:30 MINERALIA TERRA (Hinner) (Steinert) LIBRARYTOUR CULTURE I HISTORY OF SCIENCE CITY TOUR OF FREIBERG GERMAN (Steinert) (Hinner) (Preißler) 17:30

Tuesday 28.05.13 “Stadtwirtschaft” Tuesday 21.05.13 PHOTOVOLTAICS PHOTOVOLTAICS WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK (Neuhaus) (Neuhaus) (Bongaerts) (Bongaerts) (Trimis, Polanski) 9:00 INTERNET INTRODUCTIONINTERNET BREAKFAST, CAFETERIA 10:30 INTRODUCTION DEPARTMENT TOUR BIKES WELCOME DINNER, 12:00–12:30 (Degenkolb) (Trimis) 15:00

19:00 Monday 27.05.13 Monday (Holiday) 20.05.13 WHIT MONDAY GERMAN 3 GERMAN 2 BOWLING GEOTHERMAL ENERGY USE USE GEOTHERMALENERGY TRIP FIELD (Sauer) 19:00 Evening Evening Week 1 Week 2 Lunch Break Lunch Lunch Break Lunch 9:00–10:30 9:00–10:30 11:00–12:30 16:00–17:30 14:00–15:30 11:00–12:30 16:00–17:30 14:00–15:30 18 Sunday PRAGUE 16.06.13 08:45 Sunday 09.06.13 BARBECUE SAXON SWITZERLAND PRAGUE Saturday 15.06.13 08:45 Saturday DRESDEN 08.06.13 16:45 Friday PRAGUE 14.06.13 FUEL CELL REFORMING LAB GERMAN 10 (Frenzel) Friday 07.06.13 NEW HYDRO POWER NEW HYDRO POWER GERMAN 6 GERMAN 7 (Schwarze) (Schwarze) Thursday 13.06.13 Thursday H2 PRODUCTION AND REFORMING GERMAN 9 FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY, PEM & SOFTC PROJECTS/SYSTEMS FUEL CELL INTRODUCTION (Loukou) (Voß) (Trimis) 06.06.13 GERMAN 5 WIND ENERGY BREWERY (Brückner/Triep) 15:00

12.06.13 Wednesday 05.06.13 Wednesday TECHNOLOGIES LAB TOURNAMENT VOLLEYBALL CLEAN COMBUSTION CLEAN GERMAN 8 COGENERATION PLANTS (Stelzner) 17:00 (Wesolowski) PHOTOVOLTAICS FIELD TRIP SOLARWORLD ENERGY USE OF WASTE MATERIALS HP POX PLANT FIELD TRIP 09:30 (Handke) (Seifert) (Seifert)

Tuesday 11.06.13 Tuesday 04.06.13 COGENERATION PLANTS 16:15 FREIBERG CATHEDRAL (DOM) CLEAN COMBUSTION CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES CLEAN COMBUSTION CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES (Wesolowski) (Trimis) (Trimis) LOW-EMISSION COAL-FIRED COAL-FIRED LOW-EMISSION PLANTS POWER LOW-EMISSION COAL-FIRED COAL-FIRED LOW-EMISSION PLANTS POWER POWER-TO-GAS POWER-TO-GAS (Pardemann) (Pardemann) (Krause) (Krause) Monday 10.06.13 Monday 03.06.13 MID-TERM EXAMS FIELD TRIP WIND ENERGY 15:15 GLÄSERNEMANUFAKTUR (DRESDEN) Evening Week 3 Evening Week 4 Lunch Break Lunch Lunch Break Lunch 9:00–10:30 9:00–10:30 11:00–12:30 16:00–17:30 14:00–15:30 11:00–12:30 16:00–17:30 14:00–15:30 19 Sunday 09.06.13 Saturday 08.06.13 ” Friday 07.06.13 FAREWELL LUNCH 13:00–15:00 “Schwanenschlösschen 14:00 Thursday 06.06.13 REICHE ZECHE REICHE PRESENTATIONS 05.06.13 Wednesday PRESENTATIONS PRESENTATIONS Tuesday 04.06.13 FINAL EXAM Monday 03.06.13 Evening Week 5 Lunch Break Lunch 9:00–10:30 11:00–12:30 16:00–17:30 20 14:00–15:30 APPENDIX 2 – DESCRIPTION OF COURSES 2014 (to be confirmed)

pp Biogas (Dr. Wesolowski; Institute of Thermal and Heat Engineering) Biogas from agricultural and other wastes is meeting with growing importance, given the many advantages. Biogas is environmentally compatible, nearly CO2- neutral and it is one of the few regenerative energy sources, which can be econo- mically used. The following aspects of the generation and use of biogas are being discussed: −− Biochemical process of biogas generation (bacteria, fermentation [anaerobic digestion], risks, influence factors) −− Process technology of biogas generation −− Biogas as energy source – use of biogas −− Framework conditions: legal, economic and environmental −− Future perspectives Biogas Lab: All participants may do selected investigations and help with monito- ring and assessment of measured data.

pp Energetic Use of Biomass – An overview (Dipl.-Ing. Reichel and Dr. Krzack; Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, to be confirmed) The energetic utilization of biomass has a long tradition going back to the very beginnings of mankind, where it is closely linked to the beginnings of culture. In many countries (especially where there are predominantly non-industrial socie- ties) biomass is an important energy source for everyday life (e.g. for cooking, heating, and metal production). In the last few decades interest in biomass has been growing in the industrialized countries because of the implications of climate change and the necessary reduction of CO2 in the atmosphere. Biomass has the advantage to be a CO2-neutral and renewable energy source with a high potential for energetic utilization. The lesson will give an overview of the possibilities for the production of energy from biomass considering the global process-chain from supply via conversion to the different products. The special properties of biomass influencing the conversion process are covers as well as different conversion techniques and some general aspects concerning definitions, classifications, po- tentials, and policies. The main focus in the field of conversion techniques is set on thermo-chemical processes like combustion, gasification, and pyrolysis. Finally, some information will be given for the evaluation of global process chains, and some problems afflicting the utilization of biomass for energy production will be discussed.

21 pp Clean Combustion Technologies (the actual lecturer is still to be confirmed) With over 90% combustion processes dominate the worldwide energy utilization. The different combustion/flame types are characterized and the terminology introduced. Subjects like laminar-turbulent flames, diffusion flames – premixed flames; steady – unsteady combustion, ignition and quenching are covered. The pollutant emissions of combustion processes, their impact, formation and counter- measures are analyzed. Several examples of technical concepts for the reduction of combustion emissions are presented with a special emphasis on surface and porous burner technologies. In addition: Clean Combustion Technologies Lab

pp Culture I and II (Prof. Hinner; Institute of Business English and Intercultural Communication, to be confirmed) The course seeks to introduce the course participants to the interrelationship of culture and human behavior which in turn has a significant impact on human communication. Towards that end, the course presents some fundamental principles of human culture, behavior, and communication in the first part. The topics include also a discussion of macroculture and microculture, cultural dimensions, culture shock, and cultural adaptation. The second part presents German culture and dis- cusses such aspects as the German educational system, linguistic and microcultu- ral diversity.

pp Energy Use of Waste Materials – Thermal Waste Treatment (Dr. Seifert; Department of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, to be confirmed) −− Waste – Definition −− Priorities in waste treatment −− Laws and ordinances −− Waste treatment according to the German laws −− Mass flow management during removal and/or recycling of waste −− Demands for energy recovery −− Domestic waste in the FRG (quantity and characteristics) −− Objectives and problems of thermal waste treatment −− Processes for the thermal destruction of organic substances −− Reactors for thermal waste treatment −− Components of and processes in a grate firing −− Process principles of fluidized bed combustion −− Process principles of waste pyrolysis −− Advantages of coupled waste pyrolysis processes −− Waste gasification with thermal pre-treatment 22 −− Modern concepts for waste incineration plants. pp Fuel Cell Technology – Introduction (the actual lecturer is still to be confirmed) The operating principles and thermodynamic background of the fuel cell technology are explained. The different types of fuel cells are presented and compared. The current technology status is summarized and examples of fuel cell utilization in different application fields are given.

pp Fuel Cell Technology – PEM and SOFC projects/systems: (Dr. Voss; Institute of Thermal Engineering) The operating principles as well as the principal design of PEM and SOFC stacks are presented and discussed. The integration of fuel cell stacks in complete systems and the requirements on the peripheral components is explained on the basis of two project examples for complete domestic CHP systems operating with hydro- carbon fuels. In addition: PEM Fuel Cell Lab

pp Fuels from Plant Oil – Liquid energy from agricultural raw materials (Dipl.-Ing. Erik Ferchau; Institute of Thermal Engineering) A vehicle is run on edible plant oil, with fuel which is grown annually on nearby fields. The idea is not new. The technical use of plant oil in a diesel engine is demonstrated in two ways: One is the adaptation of the fuel to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), and the other is the adaptation of the engine to use pure plant oil (PPO). PPO is also called SVO, straight vegetable oil. More than 10% of the diesel fuel market is covered by FAME and PPO in Germany. Thereby FAME is more widespread and produced in factories on an industry scale. Cold pressing of PPO on the other hand requires a rather simple process and could be done at a farm. The challenges for the plant oil fuels are enormous. How can a fuel produced from natural raw materials meet the standards for modern diesel engines? The following aspects are discussed in this lecture: Introduction: history, overview, legal situation; Pure Plant Oil (PPO) Feedstock: Germany – EU – Worldwide; Extraction methods of oil seeds; Production of FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Ester); Conversion of diesel engines to run on FAME and PPO: different systems – components – performance – emission tests; Food versus fuel discussion.

pp Geothermal Energy Use (Prof. Wagner; Institute of Drilling Engineering and Fluid Mining, to be confirmed) The history of geothermal energy use and the current motivation for its further utilization are explained. The present status of geothermal utilization is outlined. The background of geothermal energy, the earth’s thermal engine, and the resulting geothermal systems are presented. A variety of different objectives and boundary conditions leads to different resulting technical systems when utilizing Geothermal Resources, either to electricity or to direct heat use. Hereby the economic and the 23 environmental impact have to be considered. An outlook for the coming years is given. Excursion: Geothermal systems in use will be observed at Castle Freudenstein and Freiberg District Hospital.

pp H2 Production and Reforming (the actual lecturer is still to be confirmed) Starting from the climate change discussion, strategic aspects on using hydrogen as a secondary energy source are discussed. The properties of hydrogen and the current industrial production situation are summarized. An overview on the possible routes to hydrogen production is given. The reforming technology of hydrocarbons towards hydrogen is explained in more detail, especially Steam Reforming (SR), Partial OXidation (POX) AutoThermal Reforming (ATR) as well as gas cleaning technologies like Water Gas Shift (WGS), Preferential Oxidation (PROX) and further alternative gas purification processes.

pp Heat Pumps – Energy from the Environment (Prof. Dr. Gross; Institute of Thermal Engineering, to be confirmed) There are four sections in this lecture. We start with an introduction considering the principle of operation, some examples for heating and cooling, and the characte- ristic steps of operation. After that, typical heat sources are visited covering ambi- ent air, solar radiation, waste air and waste water, surface and ground water, the ground itself, and finally geothermal sources. The various pros and cons of them are discussed in the light of thermodynamics, availability, costs, environmental impact etc. The next section is devoted to compression type heat pumps with special consideration of the underlying thermodynamic cycle, its layout, the working fluids (refrigerants) and their characteristics, and finally the various performance parameters. The components of the cycle will also be discussed including various compressor types, heat exchangers, and expansion valves. Finally we shall have a comprehensive look to the absorption type heat pump.

pp Cogeneration Plants (Dr. Wesolowski; Institute of Thermal Engineering) History of cogeneration; Basic principles and advantages of cogeneration, including efficiency rate, resource conservation, environmental protection, economic efficiency; Cogeneration in power plants makes use of steam turbines, gas turbines, combined cycles engines (including stirling engines), micro gas turbines and fuel cells. Construction and functioning of the various concepts, advantages and disadvantages, present state of development; Taking various operating modes, i.e. heat as main product, electric power as main product, isolated grid-connected emergency use into account, the areas of application of the technologies are presented. Short overview of the framework conditions from the legal, environmental and economic points of view. 24 pp Photovoltaics (the actual lecturer is still to be confirmed) The direct conversion of solar energy to electricity with photovoltaics is a key future technology. The basic physical and technical principles of the conversion of sunlight into electric power by solar cells are given. Light absorption, standard p-n junction cell, efficiencies and failure mechanisms are explained. The production technology and economic context of PV-cells, i.e. silicon crystal growth, wafer and solar cell technologies, commercial applications, alternative solar cell concepts, social and environmental consequences are discussed. Selected research and material science problems will be demonstrated by experiments. Excursion to solar factory Deutsche Solar Freiberg

pp Wind Energy – Wind Turbines, Aerodynamics and Constructions (Prof. Brücker; Institute for Fluid Dynamics, to be confirmed) Wind is a primary regenerative energy source. The conversion of the kinematic wind energy into mechanical/electrical energy is following the basic laws of fluid mechanics. The possibilities and limitations of wind generators are explained from the principal point of view. The different designs/types of wind generators and their operational characteristics are introduced. Problematic issues of the wind energy utilization, like integration in a power supply network versus island-mode- operation and the corresponding control are discussed as well as the economic and environmental aspects of wind energy utilization. Possibly field trip.

pp Energy Outlook (Prof. Bongaerts; Interdisciplinary Ecological Centre, to be confirmed) The lecture is dedicated to an overview of the world energy markets and the expected trends for the coming decades. Trends are usually based on scenarios for which certain assumptions are made, such as “Business as usual”, “energy conservation” or “high energy growth”. Attention is paid to energy sources, including, in particular, mineral oil and renewable energy sources. Not all markets for energy sources are global, such as the markets for coal and mineral oil and there are large distances between the geographical regions of production and those of consumption. Trends in globalization, e.g. for natural gas, can be observed. Other markets, such as the market for electricity, are regional. Similarly, markets for renewable energy sources are global, markets for renewable energy sources, such as low temperature geothermal are even very local.

25 pp Coal Gasification-based Power Plants with low CO2 emissions and Polygeneration (Dr. Pardemann; Institute of Energy Process Engineering and Chemical Engineering, to be confirmed) Comparison of coal-based conventional (PC steam power plants) and IGCC (In- tegrated gasification combined Cycle) power plant technologies with and without Carbon Capture and Storage. −− Detailed introduction of the IGCC process chain for energetic coal utilisation −− Worldwide status of IGCC power plants and potential for further development −− Introduction of the Coal-to-Chemicals/Gas/Fuels (CtX) process chain for chemical coal utilisation −− Options for coupling of energetic and chemical coal utilisation in so called polygeneration plants

pp Solar High Temperature Processes for Power Production and Materials Conversion (the actual lecturer is still to be confirmed) Energy from concentrated solar radiation will become a key element in this mix for most regions in the sunbelt of the earth. Concentrating solar power (CSP) systems use large mirrors to focus direct solar radiation onto a small absorber area, in order to generate heat at temperatures ranging from 200°C to above 1000°C. At commercial scale, this is presently realised using central receiver, parabolic trough, Fresnel or dish-Stirling systems. Depending on the temperature level, this heat can then be used in industrial processes, absorption chillers or thermal seawater desalination, to generate power by conventional steam, gas, or combined turbine cycles, or to drive chemical reactions for producing or upgrading fuels. Combinations of these processes are also possible to maximise the energy conversion. Solar towers have meanwhile been established as one of those technologies for solar power generation. After the initial developments concerning Solar One and Solar Two in the 1980ties and 1990ties most recently the instal- lation of the Spanish multi MW power plants PS10 and PS20 and of the German demonstration power plant in Jülich enabled a major step towards commercialisa- tion. In parallel to the development of solar-thermal power plants several concepts of designing the plant and process and of coupling concentrated solar radiation to the process are investigated, in particular heliostat field and receiver. Many of these concepts can be adapted to the requirements posed by the usage of the solar energy for carrying out chemical reactions. Beyond that specific concepts only suitable for specific chemical applications have been invented and proposed. The lecture will depict specific requirements and aspects of selected applications from the field of solar material conversion and how these requirements determine the 26 lay-out of the plant as a whole. pp Power-to-Gas – Future Technologies for Storing Energy from Renewables (Prof. Dr. Hartmut Krause, DBI – Gastechnologisches Institut gGmbH Freiberg, to be confirmed) Power-to-gas is a technology that can significantly support the integration of vo- latile renewable energies from wind and photovoltaic into existing energy infra- structures. Beyond this the implementation of power-to-gas will lead to a further merging of the power and natural gas grids, with their feasibility for transport and underground gas storage. This technology marks an important step forward on the way to a future energy system. In the lecture the potential of the technology, as a basis for future political measures and as a precondition for successful pilot plants were addressed. Realistic system concepts for the production of hydrogen and methane will be introduced. Moreover, the expected costs for the technologies and their products will be esti- mated.

pp Waste Heat Recovery (Dr. Hartmut Stöcker, Institute of Experimental Physics, to be confirmed) Most technical energy converting applications, e.g. power plants, combustion engines, chemical syntheses, lead to the production of heat. This heat is mostly released to the environment without being used, in particular when temperatures below 100 °C are concerned. The conversion of such low temperature waste heat into usable kinds of energy will be the topic of the present lecture. Three methods for waste heat recovery will be discussed: The organic Rankine cycle uses organic fluids with boiling points occurring at lower temperature than for the water-steam system to perform a thermodynamic cycle and produce electrical energy. Thermo- electric conversion relies on static temperature gradients and exploits the Seebeck effect of certain compounds to produce electrical energy via heat transport. Py- roelectric materials possess a spontaneous polarisation that changes with temperature so that either electrical or chemical energy can be extracted from thermal cycling. Finally, a comparison of the different methods for waste heat recovery will be given.

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