DOCSLIB.ORG

Interspecific Hybridization in Ledcaena Benthan a Thesis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Interspecific Hybridization in Ledcaena Benthan a Thesis INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION IN LEDCAENA BENTHAN A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRONOMY AND SOIL SCIENCE DECEMBER 1987 By Charles T. Sorensson Thesis Committee Dr. James L. Brewbakerf Chairman Dr. Peter P. Rotar Dr. Richard M. Manshardt We certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is satisfactory in scope and quality for the degree of MASTER OF AGRONOMY in Agronomy and Soil Science. Thesis Committee V Z t t L C a I Dr. ,J. L. Brewbaker^ Chairman /i> Dr. p. p. Rotar h j Dr. R. M. Manshardt 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My undergraduate advisor at Colorado State University/ Dr. Wayne F. Keimr and Dr. Sheldon E. Ladd both encouraged me to stretch my focus to tropical agronomy. The members of my committee/ Dr. Peter P. Rotar/ Dr. Richard M. Manshardt/ and especially Dr. James L. Brewbaker/ encouraged me throughout the study and offered me excellent direction in the preparation of this thesis. Dr. Gerald D. Carr spent many hours patiently helping me in cytology and allowed me to use his equipment. Mr. George Linney helped with micropreparation and photo reproduction. Financial support for my graduate research assistantship came from the HITAHR Project 803 funded by Mclntyre/Stennis Forestry Research funds. International Breeding and Plant Germplasm Resources Center (IBPGR) funded a collecting expedition in 1985 to search for cold-tolerant leucaenas. My thesis is fondly dedicated to my mother and father/ Ann and Jan Sorensson. Many thanks also to my dear wife/ Melinda/ and to the many technicians and researchers who contributed to this work. I l l ABSTRACT Thirteen Leucaena species and subspecies were studied from 1982-1987. Their valid species status was previously determined from chromosome numbers/ geographical distributions/ ecology and morphology. Present studies include self-incompatibility/ interspecific hybridization/ and morphological analyses of FI interspecific hybrids. Self-incompatibility (SI) was tested by hand pollinating 184 flower heads (2/805 florets). Two tetraploid species (4x=104) were self-fertile of the three tetraploid and eight diploid species selfed. Selfed progenies of L. esculenta (2x=52) were discovered. L. retusa (2x=56) was weakly self- fertile. Possible selfed progenies of four other diploid species were grown. None of the species hybrids grown were self-compatible except those derived from mating self­ compatible species. A refined emasculation technique helped in hand pollinating 1420 inter- and sub-specific crosses (22/193 florets)/ thereby testing 135 of the 156 (86.5 %) species combinations in a 13 x 13 diallel. The genus was largely interfertile as 55 of the 64 species combinations (64/135 or 47.4 %) producing viable-appearing seed were grown and verified. In vitro techniques were used to grow two species hybrids from semi-abortive seeds. With reciprocal crosses combined/ 73 of the possible 78 (93.6 %) combinations in the diallel were tested/ and 47 (64.4 %) produced viable- iv appearing seed. Fourteen species combinations (14/135 or 10.4 %) produced abortive seeds. Two tetraploid hybrids resulted from the mating of a diploid (2x=56) x tetraploid (4x=104) mating. These tetraploid hybrids probably resulted from the union of a normal pollen of a tetraploid species (n=52) with an unreduced egg of a diploid species (2n=56)/ resulting in novel 4x=108-chromosome species hybrids. Growth rates rates of 50 species hybrids were determined. The fastest mean growth rate was 4.3 m/yr by L. divecigifolia X L. pallida (4x=104) . Seven hybrids had mean growth rates greater than 3 la/yr, and 23 hybrids had mean growth rates greater than 2 m/yr. Thirty hybrids had at least one tree which increased in height faster than 3 m/yr. The fastest growth rate of any tree was 6.2 m/yr by L. diversifolia x L. collinsii (2x=54). Psyllid resistance to Heteropsylla cubana Crawford in the interspecific FI hybrids was better than most L. leucocephala. Five hybrids had no observable damage from psyllids. One appeared to be heterotic for psyllid resistancef and one appeared to have poorer resistance than either parent. Glands were observed on pinnae rachises of L. esculenta leaves/ and appear to be producing mucilage which was implicated in psyllid resistance. Forty-one species hybrids reached sexual maturity/ but 14 (34.1 %) failed to produce any viable seeds from open- v pollination. Mean viable seed per pod production of the 27 hybrids setting pods was 37.4 %. Yellow and red floral color, gland shape and number per leaf, floral bract shape, and inflorescence diameter were useful markers for identifying species hybrids. All appeared to be inherited additively in the FI, and all appeared to exhibit dosage effects except for gland and bract shape. Red flower color was recessive to yellow in matings of yellow x red flowers. Numbers of leaflets per pinna and pinnae per leaf and leaflet lengths and widths in 50 interspecific hybrids and their parents were counted or measured. Parental and FI hybrid data for leaf characteristics were linearized when plotted as the natural log of the data. Dosage effects occurred in triploid hybrids. Most (148/200 or 74 %) predicted hybrid leaf traits were predicted within 20 % of actual hybrid measurements; predictability would have been higher if data were used only from healthy mature trees. Only L. retusa x L. collinsii had leaflets which were not intermediate in size between than of the parental species. Leaf trait analysis was helpful in determination of parents of an open-pollinated species hybrid. Meiotic chromosomes were studied in two species hybrids and one species. L. collinsii K450 had 28 II, L. retusa K280 X L. collinsii K450 had 4 II + 48 I and L. diversifolia ssp. trichandra K399 x L. collinsii had 26 II + 2 I. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................... iii ABSTRACT ............................................. iv LIST OF TABLES ....................................... xi LIST OF FIGURES ...................................... xvi LIST OF PLATES ....................................... xviii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .............................. 1 CHAPTER 2. LITERATUREREVIEW .......................... 6 2.1. Taxonomy of the Genus Leucaena Bentham ........... 6 2.2. Chromosome Counts of Leucaena Species ............ 8 2.3. Self-Incompatibility Status of the Leucaena Species 9 2.3.1. Leucaena Species Tested for Self-Incompatibility 9 2.3.2. Genetics of Self-Incompatibility in Leucaena .. 10 2.4. Interspecific Hybridization ...................... 12 2.4.1. Emasculation Techniques ...................... 12 2.4.2. Open-Pollinated Natural Interspecific Leucaena Hybrids ...................................... 12 2.4.3. Species Compatibility in vitro ............... 14 2.4.4. Inheritance of Morphological Traits .......... 15 CHAPTER 3. MATERIALS AND METHODS ..................... 16 3.1. Maintenance of Leucaena Accessions at Hawaii ..... 16 3.2. Emasculation Technique ........................... 16 3.3. Pollination and Harvest Technique ................ 17 3.4. Planting Procedures .............................. 19 3.5. In vitro Seed Rescue ............................. 21 3.6. Microsection and Staining Technique .............. 21 3.7. Pollen Analyses .................................. 22 3.8. Meiotic Analyses ................................. 22 3.9. Analyses of Leaflet Morphology ................... 23 vi1 CHAPTER 4. SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY ........................ 25 4.1. Results of Hand Self-Pollinations ................ 25 4.2. Possible Selfs Grown From Species Hybrid Seed .... 26 4.2.1. L. retusa Selfs ............................... 26 4.2.2. L. shannon! Selfs ............................. 27 4.2.3. L. lanceolata ssp. lanceolata Selfs ............ 29 4.2.4. L. pulverulent? Selfs ......................... 30 4.3. Possible Selfs of Self-Incompatible Species Found Among Open-Pollinated Progeny ..................... 30 4.3.1. L. esculenta Selfs ........................... 30 4.3.2. L. QOlliusii Selfs............................ 33 4.4. Discussion of Competition Interaction and Self- Compatibility ..................................... 33 4.5. Mechanisms Accounting for Occasional Selfing in Self-Incompatible Leucaena Species ................ 35 4.6. Summary .......................................... 38 4.7. Research Needs ................................... 39 CHAPTER 5. INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION ................. 40 5.1. Introduction to Interspecific Hybridization ...... 40 5.2. Compatibility of Interspecific Cross-Pollinations .. 41 5.3. Expected Production of Viable Interspecific Hybrid Seed .............................................. 45 5.4. Verifiable Interspecific Hybrids Grown at Waimanalo, Hawaii ............................................ 47 5.5. Insect Pests Which Decreased Hybridization Success . 47 5.6. Floral Abnormalities Which Decreased Hybridization Success ........................................... 50 5.7. Verification of Species Hybrids. 5.7.1. Overview ...................................... 50 5.7.3. Verification of L. retusa K280 x L. collinsii K450 .......................................... 53 5.7.3. Verification of the Ploidy Level of Tetraploid Species Hybrids Produced from Matings of Diploid X Tetraploid Species .......................... 59 5.8. Possible Maximum Interspecific Compatibility Among Leucaena Species ................................. 60 5.9. Possible Mechanisms to Account for a High
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bernarr R. Kumashiro', Ronald A. Heu1, Gordon M. Nishida2, and John W
    Pkoc. Hawaiian Entomol Soc. (2001) 35:170-184 171 New State Records of Immigrant Insects in the Hawaiian Islands for the Year 1999 Bernarr R. Kumashiro', Ronald A. Heu1, Gordon M. Nishida2, and John W. Beardsley' ■Hawaii Department of Agriculture. HO. Box 22159. Honolulu. Hawaii 96823-2IS9. USA; 'Hawaii Biological Survey. Bishop Museum. 1525 Bcrnice St.. Honolulu, Hawaii 96817, USA (Present address: Essig Museum of Entomology. University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720- 3112); 'Deceased February 5.2001 Abstract. Records are given for 43 species of insects and other small organisms not previously reported to be established in Hawaii. These species were first collected and identified during 1999 or earlier and are now believed to be established in the state. Known information on the taxonomy and biology is provided. The following are new records for immigrant insects and other small arthropods and mollusks that have been found in the Hawaiian Islands (Kurc Atoll to Hawaii Island) and identified during 1999 or before, but have not previously been reported as established in any publication. A complete listing of all new state records of terrestrial arthropods and mollusks in Hawaii, published during the eight-year period of 1991-1998, is presented in a separate paper (Kumashiro, Nishida, and Beardsley) in this volume. Common names for species are provided if they have been formally accepted. For other cases, the common name of the family and a host is given. These have been designated with "a" or "an." Con tributors who have provided information for the records arc acknowledged in parentheses at the end of each note.
    [Show full text]
  • Tropical Forages
    Tropical Forages Leucaena leucocephala Scientific name Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit Subordinate taxa Immature pods each containing up to 20 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit subsp. glabrata seeds (Rose) Zárate Windbreak plants in Western Lowlands, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit subsp. Eritrea ixtahuacana C.E. Hughes Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit subsp. leucocephala Synonyms Leucaena leucocephala: Basionym: Acacia leucocephala (Lam.) Link; Acacia glauca Willd.; Leucaena glauca auct. Capitula borne singly or in pairs in leaf axils subsp. glabrata: Basionym: Leucaena glabrata Rose subsp. leucocephala: Basionym: Mimosa Pods on pollard regrowth (cv. leucocephala Lam. Tarramba) Family/tribe Family: Fabaceae (alt. Leguminosae) subfamily: Caesalpinioideae (mimosoid clade*) tribe: Mimoseae. * Azani, N. et al. [97 authors from 54 institutions] 2017. A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based Mature pods (cv. Cunningham) on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon 66: 44–77. Morphological description Maturing pods Deep-rooted shrub or tree 2‒6 (‒20) m tall; form varies from shrubby and highly branched (ssp. leucocephala) to arborescent with a short clear bole to 5 m, upright angular branching and an open, rounded crown (ssp. glabrata); both subspecies coppice densely from basal buds. Branchlets pubescent, glabrous when old, with prominent brown lenticels. Bark mid grey-brown with shallow rusty orange-brown vertical fissures. Leaves alternate, to 35 cm long, paribipinnate with (3‒) 6‒10 Seeds pairs of pinnae 2‒ 10 cm long; crateriform gland (to 5 mm) on the petiole below or almost between the lower Line illustration pair of pinnae; pinnules11‒22 pairs/pinna, 8‒16 (‒22) mm long, 2‒5 mm wide, linear-oblong or weakly elliptic, acute at the tip, rounded to obtuse at the base and glabrous except on margins.
    [Show full text]
  • De Wit COMPARADO COM Prosopis Juliiloia (SW) DC Eeucalyptus Alba
    PAULO CESAR FERNANDES LIMA COMPORTAMENTO OE Leucaena leucocephala (laiil) de Wit COMPARADO COM Prosopis juliiloia (SW) DC E Eucalyptus alba Reisiw ex Uns Dissertação submetida à consideração da Comissão Examinadora, como requi- sito parcial na obtenção de Título de "Mestre em Ciências - M.Sc.", no Curso de.Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Flores- tal, do Setor de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Paraná. CURITIBA 19 8 2 MINISTERIO DA EDUCAÇAO E CULTURA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAI DO PARANÁ i SETOR DE CIÍNCIAS A O R A B I A t COORDENAÇÃO DO CURSO DE PÔS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL P A R E CE R Os membros da Comissão Examinadora designada pelo Colegiado do Curso de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Flores^ tal para realizar a arguição da Dissertação de Mestrado apre sentada pelo candidato PAULO CESAR FERNANDES LIMA, sob o títu lo "COMPORTAMENTO DE Le.uc.azna Le.uaacephala (Lam) de Wit COMPA RADO COM Pio¿op¿¿ juli^loia (SW) DC E Eucalyptus alba Reinw ex Blume EM PETROLINA (PE), REGIÃO SEMI-ÃRIDA DO BRASIL" para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Florestais - Curso de Pos-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal do Setor de Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal do Paraná, área de concentra ção SILVICULTURA» apôs haver analisado o referido trabalho e argüido o candidato, são de parecer pela "APROVAÇÃO" da Disser^ taçao, completando assim os requisitos necessários para rece ber o grau e o Diploma de Mestre em Ciências Florestais. Observação: 0 critério de avaliação da Dissertação e defesa da mesma a partir de novembro de 1980 é apenas APROVA DA ou NÃO APROVADA.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Ithome Lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae
    Pastos y Forrajes ISSN: 0864-0394 [email protected] Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes "Indio Hatuey" Cuba Alonso, O.; Núñez, R.; Lezcano, J. C.; Suris, Moraima Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), una nueva especie para Cuba asociada a Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. Pastos y Forrajes, vol. 38, núm. 2, abril-junio, 2015, pp. 182-184 Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes "Indio Hatuey" Matanzas, Cuba Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=269139251005 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto 182 Pastos y Forrajes, Vol. 38, No. 2, abril-junio, 182-184, 2015 / O. Alonso Comunicación Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), una nueva especie para Cuba asociada a Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), a new species for Cuba associated to Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. O. Alonso1, R. Núñez2, J. C. Lezcano1 y Moraima Suris3 1Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey, Universidad de Matanzas, Ministerio de Educación Superior Central España Republicana, CP 44280, Matanzas, Cuba 2Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, La Habana, Cuba 3Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria, Ministerio de Educación Superior San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba Correo electrónico: [email protected] RESUMEN: El nuevo informe para Cuba de Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), espe- cie asociada a la planta forrajera Leucaena leucocephala, se confirmó con la identificación de los adultos, mediante la utilización de una clave basada en la maculación de las escamas en la zona de la cabeza del insecto.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
    Zootaxa 4555 (3): 301–318 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2019 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4555.3.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:944AC4CE-FF56-4E62-826C-FFFA50BA18D7 A new Calliprora species mining lead trees in Florida (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) GA-EUN LEE1 & JAMES E. HAYDEN2,3 1College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China 2Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry, 1911 SW 34th Street, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Calliprora leucaenae sp. nov. is described infesting foliage of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. in Florida, USA. The larvae are blotch-miners and leaf-tiers and are capable of heavy damage to host plants. Photographs of the adult, wing venation, male and female genitalia and illustrations of the larval and pupal chaetotaxy are provided. Calliprora Meyrick is transferred to Thiotrichinae, as the species in the genus exhibit typical characters of the subfamily such as the presence of anellus lobes, a large sternum VIII, and a reduced male tergum VIII. Comparative diagnoses of the morphology and ecology are presented for the newly described species and other thiotrichine species. Key words: Calliprora sexstrigella, Palumbina, Polyhymno, Macrenches, Thiotricha, leaf-miner, chaetotaxy, immature, larva Introduction Almost simultaneously in August and September 2015, plant inspectors with the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services caught specimens of a conspicuous micro-moth by sweep-netting and light-trapping in Fort Lauderdale and Tampa (FL, USA).
    [Show full text]
  • Pest Outbreaks in Tropical Forest Plantations
    cover 04202 3/5/02 7:39 AM Page 1 CIFOR The success of exotic tree species in plantations has generally been attributed to P e s effective species-site matching and their t O O freedom from insect pests and diseases. u t b Nevertheless, there is a fear that catastrophic r e a outbreaks of pests and diseases may occur k s I suddenly in exotic plantations. There are two I n T opposing views: that plantations of exotic T r o species are at greater risk compared to p i c indigenous species and conversely that exotics a l F are at lesser risk. This report provides a critical F o r assessment of the risk of insect pest outbreaks e s t P in exotic plantations using an empirical P l a approach. Nine commonly planted species in n t a the tropics, Acacia mangium, Eucalyptus spp., t i o Gmelina arborea, Hevea brasiliensis, Leucaena n s leucocephala, Paraserianthes falcataria, Pinus caribaea, Swietenia macrophylla and Tectona grandis, were selected and their pest problems in natural forest stands, in indigenous species plantations and in exotic plantations were Pest Outbreaks in compared. Growing trees in monoculture increases the pest problem but the risk of pest Tropical Forest Plantations: outbreaks is not solely dependent on the exotic or indigenous status of a species. Pest outbreaks also occur in native plantations. The Is There a Greater Risk for Exotic Tree Species? theory relating to insect population dynamics and causes of pest outbreaks is discussed and several factors are identified that determine the risk of pest outbreaks in exotic monoculture plantations.
    [Show full text]
  • Ithome Lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), Una Nueva Especie Para Cuba Asociada a Leucaena Leucocephala (Lam.) De Wit
    182 Pastos y Forrajes, Vol. 38, No. 2, abril-junio, 182-184, 2015 / O. Alonso Comunicación Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), una nueva especie para Cuba asociada a Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), a new species for Cuba associated to Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit. O. Alonso1, R. Núñez2, J. C. Lezcano1 y Moraima Suris3 1Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey, Universidad de Matanzas, Ministerio de Educación Superior Central España Republicana, CP 44280, Matanzas, Cuba 2Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, La Habana, Cuba 3Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria, Ministerio de Educación Superior San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba Correo electrónico: [email protected] RESUMEN: El nuevo informe para Cuba de Ithome lassula Hodges (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae), espe- cie asociada a la planta forrajera Leucaena leucocephala, se confirmó con la identificación de los adultos, mediante la utilización de una clave basada en la maculación de las escamas en la zona de la cabeza del insecto. Los adultos emergieron en el laboratorio, de las larvas colectadas en las inflorescencias; estas procedían de los diferentes sistemas ganaderos que se muestrearon en las provincias Matanzas y Mayabeque, los cuales estaban compuestos indistintamente por las cuatro variedades comerciales de la leguminosa y por gramíneas pratenses. Por otra parte, la detección de las lesiones que causaron las larvas de este cosmopterígido en las inflorescencias, y su repercusión en la producción de semillas de leucaena, constituyó el elemento más impor- tante que se debía considerar para valorar su potencialidad como plaga y al estimar las posibles pérdidas en los sistemas ganaderos evaluados.
    [Show full text]
  • Pastos Y Forrajes Inglés 2020.Indd
    Pastos y Forrajes, Vol. 43, No. 1, 70-78, 2020 70 Osmel Alonso-Amaro Potential insect pests of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit in the seed production stage in Cuba Osmel Alonso-Amaro1 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1078-0605, Rayner Núñez-Águila2 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4584-8510, Vicente Horacio Grillo-Ravelo3 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1373-050X, Juan Carlos Lezcano-Fleires1 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-1523 y Moraima Suris-Campos4 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7032-8250 1Estación Experimental de Pastos y Forrajes Indio Hatuey, Universidad de Matanzas, Ministerio de Educación Superior. Central España Republicana, CP 44280, Matanzas, Cuba. 2Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática. Carretera de Varona, km 3.5. Capdevila, Rancho Boyeros, La Habana, Cuba. 3Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Universidad Central Marta Abreu de Las Villas. Carretera a Camajuaní, km 5 y ½. Santa Clara. Villa Clara, Cuba. 4Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria. Autopista Nacional y Carretera de Tapaste, San José de las Scientific Paper Scientific Lajas, C.P. 11300, Mayabeque, Cuba. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Objective: To define the potentiality of two phytophagous insects to become pests of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit during its reproductive phenophase, in Cuba. Materials and Methods: Two productive systems with Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit cv. Peru and Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B.K. Simon & S.W.L. Jacobs cv. Likoni were evaluated. The characterization of the lesions produced by the insect on the inflorescences was carried out during one year. Meanwhile, the characterization of the insect lesions on the pods and seeds, and that of the associated bacterial symptoms, took place during three years.
    [Show full text]
  • Insecta Mundi 0739: 1–26 Zoobank Registered: Urn:Lsid:Zoobank.Org:Pub:9C545611-FC84-414F-A162-74E4CCE63A00
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337730443 Lepidoptera pests of sapodilla (Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen) in south Florida, with some comments on life history and natural control Article · December 2019 CITATIONS READS 0 28 5 authors, including: Jose I Martinez Jonathan H Crane University of Florida University of Florida 3 PUBLICATIONS 5 CITATIONS 150 PUBLICATIONS 1,243 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Daniel Carrillo University of Florida 112 PUBLICATIONS 967 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Annona View project Phylogeny of yellowhorns, pantheas, and jaguar moths (Lepidoptera: Pantheinae) and their evolutionary production of chemical defenses View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jose I Martinez on 04 December 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. December 3 2019 INSECTA 26 urn:lsid:zoobank. A Journal of World Insect Systematics org:pub:9C545611-FC84-414F- UNDI M A162-74E4CCE63A00 0739 Lepidoptera pests of sapodilla (Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen) in south Florida, with some comments on life history and natural control Jose I. Martinez McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Jonathan H. Crane Tropical Research and Education Center University of Florida Homestead, FL 33031, USA Jeff Wasielewski UF/IFAS Extension Miami-Dade County Parks, Recreation, and Open Spaces Department 18710 SW 288 Street Homestead, FL 33030, USA Jacqueline Y. Miller McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611, USA Daniel Carrillo Tropical Research and Education Center University of Florida Homestead, FL 33031, USA Date of issue: December 3, 2019 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL Jose I.
    [Show full text]
  • Lan Pacific ,Region Prmlingófawoikshop Held Ins(Aapore, 232&3Ovember 1982
    eucaenaResearch in the Lan Pacific ,Region PrMlingófawoikshop held inS(Aapore, 232&3ovember 1982 ARCHly 54027 The International Development Research Centre is a public corporation created by the Parliament of Canada in 1970 to support research designed to adapt science and technology to the needs of developing countries. The Centre's activity is concentrated in five sectors: agricul- ture, food and nutrition sciences; health sciences; information sciences; social sciences; and communications. IDRC is financed solely by the Parliament of Canada; its policies, however, are set by an international Board of Governors. The Centre's headquarters are in Ottawa, Canada. Regional offices are located in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. ©International Development Research Centre 1983 Postal Address: Box 8500, Ottawa, Canada K1G 3H9 Head Office: 60 Queen Street, Ottawa, Canada IDRC, Ottawa CA IDRC-211e Leucaena Research in the Asian Pacific Region: proceedings of a workshop held in Singapore, 23-26 Nov. 1982. Ottawa, Ont., IDRC, 1983.. 192 p. :ill. /Foresttrees!,/nitrogen/,/agroforestry/,/forestryresearch/, /planting!,If odder!, /soil improvement!, !Pacific Region!, !Asia! - !plant nutrition!, !seeds!, !wood products!, !fuelwood!, !erosion control!, /intercropping,/, /biomass!, /statistical tables!, !conference report,', !list of participants!, /'bibliography/'. UDC: 634.0.23(5:9) ISBN: 0-88936-372-2 Microfiche edition available IDRC-21 le Leucaena Research in the Asian Pacific Region Proceedings of a Workshop Held in Singapore, 23-26 November 1982 Organized by the Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association and the International Development Research Centre Abstract Because of Leucaena leucocephala's multiple uses as forage, fuelwood, poles, green manure, etc., this fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing tree has been the subject of much research in the last decade.
    [Show full text]
  • Leucaena Leucocephala - the Most Widely Used Forage Tree Legume
    Leucaena leucocephala - the Most Widely Used Forage Tree Legume H.M. Shelton and J.L. Brewbaker Introduction Botanical Description and Genetic Variation Uses Climate and Soil Adaptation Establishment Toxicity Pests and Diseases Conclusions References Introduction During the 1970s and early 1980s, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit (leucaena) was known as the 'miracle tree' because of its worldwide success as a long-lived and highly nutritious forage tree, and its great variety of other uses. As well as forage, leucaena can provide firewood, timber, human food, green manure, shade and erosion control. It is estimated to cover 2-5 million ha worldwide (Brewbaker and Sorensson 1990). However, a better understanding of its constraints, particularly the arrival of the psyllid insect, has now given us a more balanced view of the value of this species. Leucaena has its origins in Central America and the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico where its fodder value was recognised over 400 years ago by the Spanish conquistadores who carried leucaena feed and seed on their galleons to the Philippines to feed their stock (Brewbaker et al. 1985). From there it has spread to most countries of the tropical world where leucaena was used as a shade plant for plantation crops. It was introduced into Australia in the late 19th century and it was naturalised in parts of northern Australia by 1920 (White 1937). Botanical Description and Genetic Variation Leucaena leucocephala, formerly known as L. glauca, is a thornless long-lived shrub or tree which may grow to heights of 7-18 m. Leaves are bipinnate with 6-8 pairs of pinnae bearing 11-23 pairs of leaflets 8-16 mm long.
    [Show full text]
  • กระถิน (Krathin, to Bao)  Vietnam: Keo D[Aaj]U, Bo Ch[Es]T
    ECHO Asia Seed Fact Sheet Scientific name – Leucaena leucocephala English common name – Leucaena Asian common name(s) China: yin he huan 银合欢 Indonesia: lamtoro, pelending, petain cina Japan: gingō-kan ギンゴウカン Malaysia: petai belalang, petai jawa Laos: kathin, kan thin, kho’o:ng ko:ng kh:aw Papua New Guinea: lamandro Phillipines: ipil-ipil Thailand: กระถิน (krathin, to bao) Vietnam: keo d[aaj]u, bo ch[es]t Variety – K-500 Cunningham: an excellent forage variety developed in Australia. It is a cross between Salvador and Peru- type cultivars. General description and special characteristics – Leucaena is a multi-purpose tree species originally found in Central America and naturalized in Southeast Asia. It is a leguminous tree or shrub known for its use in fodder and agroforestry applications. Leaves have small pinnate leaflets, 2-4.5 mm long; flowers are generally white or pale-white; and pods are 11-19 cm long and flat, with 8-18 seeds. Crop uses (culinary) – The pods, seeds and shoots are used for food. In Thailand, young shoots are eaten fresh as a dipping vegetable or cooked in soups or fried with eggs. In Indonesia, fermented seeds are used to make a food called “tempeh lamtoro”. Green, unripe seeds are eaten as well. Crop uses (soil improvement) – Leucaena’s nitrogen-fixing ability makes it a good candidate for reforestation projects designed to improve soil conditions. It has been successfully used to reduce effects of soil erosion and rejuvenate water- holding capacity. Crop uses (livestock production) – L. leucocephala is one the highest quality and most palatable fodder trees of the tropics, often described as the ‘alfalfa of the tropics’.
    [Show full text]