View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ScholarSpace at University of Hawai'i1 at Manoa Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society (2019) 51(1) 1–71

New State Records and Additions to the Alien Terrestrial Arthropod Fauna in the Hawaiian Islands Janis N. Matsunaga1, Francis G. Howarth2, and Bernarr R. Kumashiro1 1Hawaii Department of Agriculture, Plant Pest Control Branch, 1428 S. King St. Honolulu, Hawaii 96814. 2Distinguished Research Associate, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii. Email: [email protected]

Abstract. An annotated list of 393 adventive terrestrial arthropod species plus three new varieties of known established species, which have been recorded in Hawaii since the Fourth Edition of Bishop Museum’s Hawaiian Terrestrial Arthro- pod Checklist (Nishida 2002), is presented. This compilation includes records of over 362 nonnative arthropod species published between the years of 2001 and 2017 as well as over 30 new Hawaii State records that have not been previously recorded. Annotations include date first detected, island distribution, citation, relevant biological notes, and for new state and island records, the collection data. A separate table with about 150 entries lists the synonyms, misidentifications, dele- tions, and changes of status for species included in the 2002 checklist that were discovered during our research. However, the latter list is not comprehensive as a complete revision of the 2002 checklist was beyond the scope of our project. Also included is a bibliography of the approximately 270 source documents that were consulted. We intend for this publication to be a useful supplement to the 2002 edition of the Hawaiian Terrestrial Arthropod Checklist. Key words: New state records, Hawaii, insects, arthropods, checklist

Since its first edition was published in 1992, the Hawaiian and plant products from Hawaii to the U.S. mainland. The Terrestrial Arthropod Checklist (Nishida 1992) has been an Checklist also assists in the conservation of native Hawaiian indispensable reference not only for Hawaii’s entomologists arthropod species by providing a quick reference on the status but for biologists from all areas of study. The Checklist is an and island distribution of both native and potentially harmful “authority file of non-marine arthropod names for the Hawai- alien species. It also has proven to be a resource for showing ian Islands” and has been the basis for determining the status where the distribution and information gaps are, which have of both native and adventive arthropod species. While at the facilitated surveys and new research initiatives. The inclusive Bishop Museum, Nishida updated The Checklist three times: data allows researchers to keep better track of recognized in 1994, 1997, and, finally, in 2002. Since Nishida’s departure indigenous and endemic species, therefore contributing to the from the museum, an update has not been issued in over sixteen studies of endangered species, conservation, and biodiversity. years. The realization that invasive species pose many of the While the list included herein does not include an update of greatest threats to Hawaii’s environment, agriculture, native the native taxa, the listing of alien species can provide insight ecosystems, and people justifies the high priority given to into the balance of native and adventive groups over time. maintaining an updated checklist of established alien species Corroborating the usefulness of the Checklist was the sudden in the Hawaiian Archipelago. increase of new records published after the advent of the earlier Biologists working in numerous fields rely on this checklist editions, as researchers discovered that many of the species and refer to it when making administrative decisions and rules, they were studying had not yet been formally recorded. identifications, or diagnostics, as well as for data entered into In the latest edition (2002), Nishida estimated around 3049 reports and publications on invasive species and new arrivals adventive arthropod species were established in the state, into the Islands. Biosecurity officials refer to this checklist which was 286 species more than recorded in the 1997 edition. when interceptions are made on both imports and exports. Since then [the 2002 edition had a listing cutoff date of around When State Plant Quarantine inspectors intercept arthropod 1999 (Kumashiro et al. 2002)], hundreds of additional immi- pests coming into Hawaii’s ports, the Checklist is consistently grant arthropod species have been discovered in Hawaii. These consulted to determine if the species is already established new arrivals have been recorded in various peer-reviewed in the state or not known to occur. If the species in question scientific journals, technical reports, and other literature in- is identified as not known to occur in Hawaii, dispositions of cluding some in obscure journals. These scattered references those shipments may include destroying, treating, or refusing are often difficult for researchers and other stakeholders to entry of the shipment. The United States Department of Ag- access. Because these records are scattered, efficiently finding riculture (USDA) also regularly requests establishment data establishment data is often a time-consuming and onerous of arthropod pests in Hawaii to regulate importation of plants task. In addition, many new records have not been published 2 for a variety of reasons, such as the following: To make the list more useful, we include citations to the per- • Only a few individuals or a single population may have tinent literature, year of earliest detection in Hawaii, collection been collected once and not collected again. In such cases, data for previously unpublished records, island distribution, it may not be possible to identify the species or determine and notes on each species. New island records noted in this establishment until additional specimens or biological data list refer to new records after the initial new state record listed become available. was published, but do not include new island records of species • The continuing decline in the number and availability of already listed in Nishida 2002. While every effort was taken classical taxonomists and specialists able to assist in the to ensure accuracy, some errors inevitably occur in a work identification of newly discovered species in the state, of this magnitude. The most up-to-date name and classifica- especially when the species is new to science or in groups tion scheme is used for the listed species. When applicable, in need of revision. Thus, many collections may remain synonyms and previous names are included. However, names unidentified until an appropriate taxonomist is available. change not only from corrections of misidentifications, but also • The latter problem is greatly exacerbated since there are from improvements in our understanding of the taxonomy of more species of arthropods in the world than any other a group. taxonomic group, and arriving alien species can come from While compiling this list, several synonyms, misidentifica- anywhere through commerce and actions of people. This tions, deletions, and changes in status were discovered, in the often leads to misidentification of specimens, synonymies, noted source documents, for many of the species recorded or constant confusion of correct taxonomic classification. in Nishida 2002. These emendations, which total about 150 • Finally, with the significant decline in number of local ento- changes, are included in Table 2; however, it was beyond the mologists, new records may not be discovered and published scope of this project to conduct an exhaustive or complete in a timely matter. search of changes since Nishida 2002. Over 270 source documents were consulted for included Updating the Hawaiian Terrestrial Arthropod Checklist is an establishment records and taxonomic changes. These added enormous task which can take years, even with someone fully published records for approximately 361 species of alien dedicated to the project. In an effort to gather the scattered arthropods to the known fauna of Hawaii. In addition, this records of newly established arthropods and to consolidate report adds another 33 new state establishment records that them into one easily accessible source, a USDA Farm Bill have not been reported previously, which brings the total to project was undertaken. To distribute our work more widely, approximately 396 species added to the fauna since Nishida the results of this project will be published in two parts: The 2002 (Table 1). This brings the total number of alien, non- addition to the 2002 Bishop Museum Arthropod Checklist marine arthropod species reported to occur in Hawaii to over (included herein) and a pathway analysis of how these im- 3,829. However, many of these may have been extirpated and migrants arrived in the Islands. are no longer present, or populations have not established. The The goal of this paper is to compile a list (Table 1) of the collection data and relevant biological notes documenting each immigrant non-marine arthropod species that have been new state and island record for these taxa as well as notes on discovered since Nishida 2002. We include both published the status changes are provided in the Collection Data and records as well as new records not previously published. The New Record Summaries section. latter include species believed to be established that are known The information in this article is as accurate as the authors to us and have been authoritatively identified with voucher could verify; however, there may be errors or pertinent data specimens deposited in an entomological collection. Excluded which we missed. If any errors are detected, please contact us. are new records for indigenous and endemic species. Since the beginning of this project, keeping up with a continuous Abbreviations stream of new records has delayed its publication; therefore, BPBM Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum to disseminate the list in a timely manner, most unpublished HDOA Hawaii Department of Agriculture new state records added to this list were capped at 2015, with UH University of Hawaii a few relevant exceptions. New arrivals identified after this USDA-APHIS-PPQ United States Department of Agri- cutoff will be published in a subsequent paper. Known records culture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant published by others have been added to the list, up to the date Protection & Quarantine of submission. USDA-ARS-PBARC United States Department of Agricul- The arrangement of taxa follows that used in the previ- ture, Agricultural Research Service, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. ous checklist (Nishida 2002). That is, the taxa are arranged Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center alphabetically within the next higher category, which is also USDA-ARS-SEL United States Department of Agriculture, arranged alphabetically. Thus, species are listed alphabetically Agricultural Research Service, Systematic Entomology within their genus, which is alphabetized within its family, Laboratory and so on. 3 Collaborating Taxonomists The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Or- Keith Arakaki, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum ganisation, Australia Donald E. Bright, Department of Bioagricultural Sciences Cheryle O’Donnell, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Ag- and Pest Management, C. P. Gillette, Museum of Arthropod ricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Diversity, Colorado State University Sueo Nakahara, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agri- John W. Beardsley, University of Hawaii Manoa (deceased) cultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture John M. Carpenter, American Museum of Natural History Allen L. Norrbom, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Ag- Gerry Cassis, School of Biological, Earth and Envi- ricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture ronmental Sciences, University of New South Wales Michael G. Pogue, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Ag- Ron M. Clouse, American Museum of Natural History ricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture C. Covell, University of Kentucky Dan Polhemus, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Peter Cranston, Australian National University Jens Prena, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural John R. Dooley, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Research Service, US Department of Agriculture U.S. Department of Agriculture David J. Preston, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Joe Eger, Dow AgroSciences Jean-Yves Rasplus, INRA - Centre de Biologie pour la Ges- Gregory A. Evans, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Ser- tion des Populations, Campus International de Baillarguet vice, Plant Protection and Quarantine, National Identification Paul Rugman-Jones, Department of Entomology, University Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture of California Riverside Neal L. Evenhuis, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Wolfgang Schawaller, Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Douglas C. Ferguson, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Stuttgart, Germany Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agricul- G. Allan Samuelson, Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum ture (deceased) Sabina F. Swift, University of Hawaii Manoa Volker W. Framenau, Western Australian Museum, Perth, F. Christian Thompson, Systematic Entomology Labora- Australia tory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Michael W. Gates, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Ag- Agriculture ricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Natalia J. Vandenberg, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Raymond J. Gill, Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, California Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Department of Food and Agriculture Gillian Watson, Plant Pest Diagnostics, California Depart- William L. Grogan, Jr., Research Associate, Florida State ment of Food and Agriculture Collection of Arthropods, Florida Deptartment of Agriculture James N. Zahniser, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Ser- & Consumer Services vice, Plant Protection and Quarantine, National Identification Thomas J. Henry, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Ag- Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture ricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Robert Zuparko, University of California Berkeley Brian E. Heterick, Curtin University, Australia Mark S. Hoddle, Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside Collection Data and New Record Summaries Milan Janda, Laboratory of Molecular Ecology and Biodi- Collection data for new state and island records and notes on versity, at National Laboratory for Ecological Analysis and selected status changes to the Hawaiian Terrestrial Arthropod Synthesis, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Checklist (Nishida 2002). Alexander S. Konstantinov, Systematic Entomology Labo- ratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Arachnida: Acari Agriculture Eriophyidae John La Salle, The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Aceria guerreronis Keifer Research Organisation, Australia (deceased) NEW STATE RECORD Owen Lonsdale, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Although this species was recorded on Maui as far back as Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 1991, this identification was based on associated host plant Eric M. McDonald, Animal and Plant Health Inspection damage to coconut fruit. Since then, this eriophyid has reached Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Oahu in 2002, Molokai in 2014, and Kauai in 2016. A mor- Stuart H. McKamey, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, phological identification was finally provided by E. McDonald Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agricul- in 2016. ture Collection records: MAUI, Lahaina, 1.VII.1991, ex. Cocos Douglass R. Miller, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Ag- nucifera fruit, coll. D. Tsuda, det. B. Kumashiro. OAHU, ricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture Nanakuli, 15.IX.2000, ex. C. nucifera fruit, coll. L. Nakahara Laurence A. Mound, Australian National Insect Collection, & R. Heu. MOLOKAI, Kalamaula, 10.XII.2014, ex. C. nu- 4 cifera fruit, coll. L. Buchanan, det. B. Kumashiro, 21.XII.2014. China, coll. C. Young, Sent to SEL- no ID yet; Waimea Val- KAUAI, Kilauea, 11.I.2016, ex. C. nucifera fruit, coll. R. Ward, ley Arboretum, 6.VI.2011, at large on Pritchardia sp., coll. W. det. E. McDonald. Nagamine, det. F.G. Howarth.

Phyllocoptes bougainvilleae Keifer Chrysomelidae New island record Trachymela sloanei (Blackburn) Collection records: HAWAII, Kona, Kealakehe, NEW STATE RECORD 29.IV.2016, ex. Bougainvillea sp. foliage, coll. B. Bushe, det. Trachymela sloanei was first discovered in 2011 onEucalyp - G.A. Evans, 27.XII.2016. Vouchers at HDOA. tus camaldulensis trees exhibiting peculiar notches along leaf edges, characteristic of caterpillar feeding. A closer inspection Arachnida: Araneae of the red gum trees revealed numerous larvae and two adult Lycosidae chrysomelids under the tree bark. Species identification was Hogna crispipes (L. Koch) confirmed by Alexander Konstantinov at USDA-ARS-SEL in New island record December, 2011. This species was first listed from Kahului in 2002 asLycosa This native to Australia ferociously invaded New Zealand in sp. A and provisionally considered native (Howarth and Pres- 1976 (Brockerhoff and Bain 2000), defoliating eucalyptus trees ton 2002); however, the form of the male pedipalp is closer to throughout the country. In 1998, it was detected in California, extra-limital species of Hogna rather than the native Hawaiian the first record of this species in the U.S. This species is known wolf spiders. Hogna is the largest genus of wolf spiders with to be intercepted at Honolulu ports of entry on shipments of cut a nearly world-wide distribution. The Maui specimen proved myrtle. This discovery of T. sloanei in Waimanalo represented to be the same species as an adventive species found on Kauai the first records of the Australian tortoise beetle in Hawaii. and Oahu, which was recently identified by V. Framenau as In May 2013, T. sloanei was collected from red gum trees at H. crispipes (L. Koch, 1877). This species is widespread in Kapalua, Maui, a new island record. Australia and many Pacific islands (Framenau et al. 2006). Trachymela sloanei adults and larvae are nocturnal, feeding Collection records: KAUAI, Lihue, 21°58’52”N, 159°22’16”, at night on the leaves, and hiding under the tree bark during 23.IX.1997, coll. D. Jameson, 1 female; Kahili Mountain Park, the day. They sometimes hide high up in the trees and it is near Koloa, 800 ft. elev., 21°56’12’’N; 159°28’45’’W, 8.II.1998, common to see the feeding damage but not find the culprits. spotlighting on lawn, coll. J.W. Berry, 2 males, 4 females, 10 The adult is 6-7 mm long, entirely brown with darker mottled juv.; Same data except: 10.III.1998, lab reared, 1 male. OAHU, spots and can be mistaken for a ladybug. Eggs are laid under Kunia, Village Park, 8.X.1988, coll. A. Manning, 1 female; the bark or on the leaves. T. sloanei is reported to feed on a Kahaluu, 1.XI.1993, in yard, no coll., 1 male; Kaneohe, near variety of Eucalyptus species, but in Hawaii it has only been Valley of Temples, 3.XII.1993, outside house, coll. I. Santos confirmed feeding onE. camaldulensis thus far. Bear, 1 female with spiderlings. Det. V. Framenau. Collection records: OAHU, Waimanalo, University of Hawaii Research Station, 24.II.2011 (Correction to Conant Insecta: Coleoptera 2013- printed as first collection in 2009), ex. Eucalyptus Anthribidae camaldulensis foliage, coll. W. Nagamine, det. A. S. Kon- Eucorynus crassicornis (Fabricius) stantinov, 20.XII.2011. MAUI, Kapalua, 10.V.2013, ex. E. NEW STATE RECORD camaldulensis foliage, coll. C. Baker, det. B. Kumashiro, An adult weevil emerged from a Chinese imported garlic 16.V.2013. Vouchers at HDOA. bulb purchased from an Oahu supermarket in 2010. Accord- ing to G.A. Samuelson, a single specimen was turned in to Clambidae him by W.D. Perreira previous to this collection, in 2005. Undetermined genus sp. A Additional adults have been found at large in homes that had Without specific identifications, it is not possible to deter- similar Chinese imported garlic bulbs sitting out on counter- mine whether the specimens from Kauai and Maui represent tops. Specimens have also been found at large associated with one or two species, or whether they are native and therefore Pritchardia palms and rotting Cassia. G.A. Samuelson sent not adventive. one specimen to Barry Valentine to confirm the identification. The following records are in BPBM: Collection records: Curculionidae OAHU, Kalaeloa, 40 ft elev., 26.V.2005, rotting Cassia, coll. Atrichonotus taeniatulus (Berg) W.D. Perreira, det G.A. Samuelson; Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, NEW STATE RECORD 21°20.7‘N, 157°51.6‘W, 5.VI.2011, 120 m, at light, coll. F.G. Several adult weevils were initially dissected from the crop Howarth, det. G.A. Samuelson. of a deceased black francolin bird in 2009, however, field col- The following records are in HDOA: Collection records: lected specimens were not found until 2010 when adults were OAHU, Aiea, 29.VIII.2010, ex. garlic bulb imported from observed infesting Medicago lupulina. 5 Collection records: HAWAII, South Kohala/North Kona, Scarabaeidae 26.I.2009, ex. crop of dead black francolin, coll. J. Bright, det. Protaetia orientalis (Gory & Percheron) J. Prena, 25.II.2009; Waimea, 7.IV.2010, ex. Melilotus alba, New island records coll. W. Okamura, det. B. Kumashiro, 12.IV.2010; North Ko- While Protaetia orientalis was first discovered on Oahu in hala- Kaauhuhu, 7.VI.2010, ex. Medicago lupulina, coll. W. 2002, populations have exploded in recent years, making this Okamura, det. B. Kumashiro, 8.VII.2010. Vouchers at HDOA. relatively large beetle (between 2 cm and 2.5 cm) a surprising sight to residents and a consistently reported pest. Adults can Naupactus leucoloma Boheman be sometimes be seen aggregating in large numbers on over- The white-fringed weevil, Naupactus leucoloma, was first ripe fruit and fruit-producing flowers, especially the inflores- detected swarming outside of a homeowner’s porch, near cence of palm trees, mangoes, and lychee. Although reports pasture land on the Big Island. This species was reported from Oahu residents have suggested that these larger groups of by Conant (2013), however collection data for this new state feeding beetles can damage flowers and in some cases reduce record is reported here. fruit yield, there have not been any scientific studies to date. N. leucoloma and Atrichonotus taeniatulus, were both Collection records: HAWAII, Keaukaha, 30.I.2013, ex. collected in and around North Hawaii island ranchlands and larvae under ironwood log, coll. Q. Maeda, det. B. Kumashiro, cattle pastures of Waimea and Kohala. These species are 1.II.2013. Hawi, 11.II.2014, on Cocos nucifera foliage, coll. well known pests of alfalfa (Medicago sativa, Fabaceae) and K. Fujimoto, det. M. Ramadan, 16.V.2014. KAUAI, Lihue, other legumes used as cattle graze in pastures. In addition, N. 20.V.2015, on avocado tree, coll. S. Rapozo, det. B. Kumashiro; leucoloma is a polyphagous pest of over three-hundred known Puhi, 24.VI.2015, ex. larvae in mulch at residence, coll. Angelo, species of agricultural crops, pastures, ornamentals, and other det. B. Kumashiro. MAUI, Kahului, 15.IX.2010, ex. feeding plant species where they are established [Southern United on Zea mays corn ear, coll. M. Fukada, det. B. Kumashiro, States, Central and South America, Australia, New Zealand, 4.X.2010. Vouchers at HDOA. and South Africa (Walker 2006)]. Some hosts recorded in literature include Brassica spp., Glycine max, Citrullus lana- Tenebrionidae tus, Solanum lycopersicum, Ipomoea batatas, and Zea mays. Bolitophagini?; Undetermined genus sp. A Adult weevils feed on the foliage of hosts, while larvae cause First field collection, unknown establishment the greatest damage by feeding on roots in the soil (Capinera A single collection of several adult Tenebrionids was made 2008). Both A. taeniatulus and N. leucoloma have fused elytra from wet lumber in Hilo. While the lumber was imported, it and are therefore limited in dispersal capabilities by crawling would have been shipped dry and become moist while sitting and human aided hitchhiking. on the property, making it difficult to determine if these beetles Collection records: HAWAII, Waimea, 3.VIII.2013, ex. at may have hitched a ride with the shipment or not. The speci- large, congregating outside home near pasture, coll. P. Conant, mens were sent to G.A. Samuelson for identification, however, det. L. Chamorro, 30.X.2013; Waimea, 10.IX.2013, ex. Ama- they were unidentifiable past the tribe level. Samuelson belie- ranthus spinosus, coll. S. Chun, M. Fukada, R. Curtiss, det. ves a specialist on Tenebrionidae will need to examine these B. Kumashiro, IX.2013. Vouchers at HDOA. beetles for species identification. Collection records: HAWAII, Hilo, 16.XII.2013, coll. J. Scolytogenes sp. A Morell, ex. wet wood, det. G.A. Samuelson, 18.II.2014. Vouch- NEW STATE RECORD ers at HDOA. Specimens identified by Donald J. Bright as Scolytogenes sp. A were collected from coffee berry borer traps (BROCAP Menephilus arciscelis Marseul traps with a mixture of 3:1 methanol:ethanol) at two separate NEW STATE RECORD coffee farms on Hawaii island. Several adults were collected at a Mililani residence over Collection records: HAWAII, Kainaliu Experiment Sta- the course of two years. Not much can be found in literature tion, 2.XI.2010, coffee berry borer trap, coll. J. Scharff; Pahala, (in English), but this species is known to be native to Japan. 8.XII.2010, coffee berry borer trap, coll. C. Hirayama, det. D.J. Collection records: OAHU, Mililani, 24.IX.2009, coll. W. Bright, 2011. Vouchers at HDOA. Nagamine, at large in home; Mililani, 10.VII.2010, coll. W. Nagamine, at large, under lumber; Mililani, 9.IX.2011, coll. W. Nitidulidae Nagamine, at large, on wall outside. All listed collections det. Aethina tumida (Murray) G.A. Samuelson, 18.II.2014. Vouchers at HDOA & BPBM. New island record Collection records: KAUAI, Kapaa, 22.V.2012, ex. man- Stethotrypes raffrayi (Thomson) aged Apis mellifera hive at residence, coll. J. Conrow, det. M. NEW STATE RECORD Ramadan, 24.V.2012. Voucher at HDOA. Hundreds of tiny dark brown beetles with gold patches were found crawling around wooden nursery benches covered in 6 algae. Adult beetles, larvae, and pupae crowded under and Culicoides jamaicensis Edwards within potted plants, in corners of nursery benches, and un- New island record der wet rocks and bricks. With the expertise of Dr. Wolfgang Collection records: OAHU, Kalaeloa, Barbers Point, Schawaller, an identification was finally determined. 7.X.2000, pan trap beneath light, W.D. Perreira, 1 female; According to Schawaller, Stethotrypes raffrayi is known from Honolulu, Kalihi, 21°20.6’N, 157°51.6’W, -.IV.2007, 120m Java, Sumatra, and the Philippines. While species in the tribe elev., ex. at light, coll. F.G. Howarth, 1 female; same data ex- Leiochrinini are not known to be pests, the high numbers of cept 4-5.VIII.2007, 1 male, 3 females; 16.XI.2007, 1 female; these beetles not previously known to occur in the U.S. were 29-30.I.2009, det. F.G. Howarth, 2009. Vouchers at BPBM & becoming problematic in some nursery plants exported to the HDOA. mainland U.S. These tenebrionids are just over 2 mm and re- semble coccinellid beetles with their round, dome-like elytra. Forcipomyia cf. quasiingrami Macfie Collection records: HAWAII, Panaewa, 31.VIII.2012, coll. New island record C. Hirayama, ex. on wooden nursery benches covered with Collection records: HAWAII, Kurtistown, 19°34.8’N, algae, det. W. Schawaller, 5.II.2018; Hilo, 13.VI.2015, ex. un- 155°04’W 290 m elev., 21.X.2007, ex. at blacklight, coll. F.G. der plant pots and bricks in residential yard, coll. B. Azama. Howarth and F.D. Stone, 1 male. OAHU, Honolulu, Kalihi, Vouchers at HDOA & BPBM. 21°20.6N, 157°51.6’W, 4.XII.2007, 120 m elev., ex. at light, coll. F.G. Howarth, 1 male; same data except 28.XII.2007, 1 Insecta: Diptera male, 1 female; 25.I.2009, 1 male; 28.I.2009, 1 male; 31.I.2009, Agromyzidae 1 male, 1 female, det. F.G. Howarth, 2009. Vouchers at BPBM. Liriomyza sp. A (apparently undescribed) NEW STATE RECORD Chironomidae Specimens of this leafminer were reared from blotch mines Apedilum elachistus Townes on the leaves of crown flower Calotropis( gigantea) and tropi- NEW STATE RECORD cal milkweed (Asclepias curassavica) planted at the Univer- Wolff (2002) reported collecting pupae of an unidentified sity of Hawaii at Manoa. Adults and associated host plant species of Apedilum during a survey of the invertebrates liv- damage appeared to be new to Hawaii and specimens were ing in streams on Oahu. The adults identified here most likely sent to USDA-ARS-SEL, then referred to Owen Lonsdale at represent the same species. A. elachistus is widespread in the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and North America. Larvae are blood worms and live in eutro- Nematodes. phic sediments in streams and shallow water bodies. When According to O. Lonsdale, this leafminer appears to be an abundant, the swarming adults can become a nuisance. undescribed species of Liriomyza most closely related to L. Collection records: OAHU, Honolulu, Moanalua, 21°20.9N; asclepiadis and L. subasclepiadis. Larvae produce blotch 157°53.7W, 11.XI.2008, ex. sweeping stream margin, coll. F.G. mines on leaves of Calotropis gigantea. Populations of this Howarth; Same collection data except collected 29.IV.2013. undescribed Liriomyza sp. appears to be controlled on Oahu by Det. F.G. Howarth, conf. P. Cranston, 2013. Vouchers at BPBM several locally established parasitoids, including Closterocerus and HDOA. utahensis Crawford and Chrysocharis sp. (Eulophidae- larval endoparasitoids) and Digliphus begini (Ashmead) (Eulophi- Culicidae dae), a larval ectoparasitoid. Aedes japonicus (Theobald) Collection records: OAHU, Manoa, University of Hawaii New island record campus, ex. mining Calotropis gigantea foliage, 15.VIII.2013, Aedes japonicus has been established on Hawaii island since coll. D. Tsuda; Kaneohe, ex. mining C. gigantea foliage, 2004 (Larish and Savage 2005) and while a single individual 13.II.2013, coll. M. Ramadan & W. Nagamine; Kunia, ex. was detected in a monitoring trap at Honolulu International mining C. gigantea foliage, 26.III.2013, coll. J.N. Matsunaga. Airport, Oahu in 2012 (Yang and Hasty 2013), this mosquito Vouchers at HDOA. has not been collected from the field on other main islands until 2013 (Magnacca 2015). In addition to Magnacca’s (2015) list Ceratopogonidae of new island establishments on Oahu and Kauai, this single Atrichopogon levis (Coquillett) specimen collected at The Nature Conservancy’s Waikamoi New island record Preserve on Haleakala, Maui is evidence of this species’ spread Collection records: OAHU, Honolulu, Moanalua Stream, across the Hawaiian Islands. 21°21’N, 157°52.7’W, sweeping stream margin, coll. F.G. Collection record: MAUI, Haleakala, Waikamoi Preserve, Howarth, 9.I.2009, 2 males, 3 females; same data except 8.X.2016, coll. M. Fukada, det. J.N. Matsunaga, XI.2016. 25.I.2009, 3 males, det. F.G. Howarth, 2009. Vouchers at Voucher at HDOA. BPBM & HDOA. 7 Insecta: Hemiptera No field established collections of M. nigronitens (= M. Aleyrodidae thripiformis) are known, and this species appears not to have Aleurotrachelus atratus Hempel established in Hawaii. However, as noted by Lattin (2005), New island record anthocorids are tiny and easily missed in surveys. Collection records: HAWAII, UH Hilo Campus, 23.XII.2013, ex. Cocos nucifera foliage, coll. S. Cabral, det. Asterolecaniidae B. Kumashiro, 31.I.2014. Vouchers at HDOA. Planchonia stentae (Brain) NEW STATE RECORD Metaleurodicus cardini (Back) In 2009, stems of Hoya imperialis var. rauchii from Keaau, New island record Hawaii, were found to be infested with pit scales. Specimens Collection records: OAHU, Ala Moana, 24.IV.2009, ex. were then identified by D.R. Miller as Planchonia stentae unknown plant foliage, coll. W. Nagamine, det. W. Nagamine, (Brain), the South African pit scale. Following this 2009 veri- 24.IV.2009; Kakaako, 28.IV.2009, ex. Psidium guajava fo- fication, previously unidentified specimens (Waimea, 2007) liage, coll. W. Nagamine, det. W. Nagamine, 28.IV.2009. were found in HDOA’s reference collection, reexamined, and Vouchers at HDOA. consequently identified as P. stentae. This species has now been collected on Hawaii, Maui, and Oahu. Anthocoridae This South African pit scale, also known as the Euphorbia Montandoniola confusa Streito & Matocq pit scale, has been recorded in California and Florida, where The predaceous anthocorid bug, under the name Montan- it has become a major pest of at least 49 introduced and native doniola moraguesi (Puton), was introduced into Hawaii from plant species (Stumph and Lambdin 2000). This species can the Philippines in 1964 for the biological control of the Cuban severely weaken small and young plants, causing major stem laurel thrips (Gynaikothrips ficorum). According to Pluot- deformation, especially at apical tips. Sigwalt et al. (2009), M. moraguesi had been misidentified Collection records: HAWAII, Keaau, 22.IV.2009, ex. for over 45 years. Species in the genus Montandoniola are Hoya imperialis var. rauchii, coll. C. Noel, det. D.R. Miller, easily confused, as it is difficult to separate them by external 3.IX.2009; Waimea, 19.XI.2007, ex. Sophora chrysophylla morphology alone. Genitalia dissections are necessary to stems, coll. J. Higashino, det. J.N. Matsunaga, 28.IX.2009. identify key diagnostic features. Pluot-Sigwalt et al. (2009) MAUI, Pukalani, 12.III.2013, ex. Asclepias physocarpa stems, examined the genitalia of type specimens from various parts coll. M. Fukada, det. J.N. Matsunaga, 25.III.2013. OAHU, Ho- of the world and concluded that three cryptic species have nolulu, Pawaa, 12.VII.2014, ex. Heliotropium anomalum var. been confused under the species name Montandoniola mor- argenteum stems, coll. J.N. Matsunaga, det. J.N. Matsunaga, aguesi. As a result, Pluot-Sigwalt et al. (2009) determined that 25.VIII.2014. Vouchers at HDOA. M. moraguesi appears restricted to the Mediterranean region and Africa. M. thripodes and M. pictipennis are known from Cicadellidae Hong-Kong and Japan, respectively. Draeculacephala portola Ball Montandoniola confusa Streito & Matocq, described as a NEW STATE RECORD new species in Pluot-Sigwalt et al.’s review (2009), was discov- Draeculacephala portola Ball was reported from Hawaii ered in Guadeloupe, and is found in Florida, Bermuda, Austra- in 1959 by Young and Davidson (1959), however, according lia (Pluot-Sigwalt et al. 2009), Mexico (Cambero-Campos et al. to Napompeth and Nishida (1974) this was in error. In 1992, 2010), Brazil (Tavares et al. 2013), and presumably Philippines Christopher H. Dietrich (Formerly USDA-ARS-SEL, now where the Hawaiian introduction originated. Historical speci- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign) who published a mens from Hawaii were examined in this study and determined revision of the genus Draeculacephala, examined Hawaiian to be M. confusa and not M. moraguesi. specimens. All Hawaii specimens were of D. californica, D. Prior to the 2009 study there was confusion over another inscripta, and D. minerva, reinforcing the previous misiden- name: Macrotrachelia thripiformis Champion, 1901, which tification record. The 2012 collection represents a new state has been used for two different species in Hawaiian literature. record for D. portola. Lattin (2005) reviewed the literature and examined specimens Collection records: HAWAII, Ninole, 19.XII.2012, ex. from Bishop Museum. He concluded that the name Macro- Nasturtium officinale foliage, coll. S. Bergfield, det. S.H. trachelia thripiformis, listed by Nishida (2002) very likely McKamey 20.II.2013. Vouchers at HDOA. refers to Montandoniola moraguesi (now M. confusa). In addition, the 1965 introduction of what was then reported Coccidae as “Macrotrachelia thripiformis (Davis & Chong 1966)” to Ceroplastes eugeniae Hall Hawaii from Mexico was misidentified. Lattin (2005) iden- NEW STATE RECORD tified a series of voucher specimens from the 1965 Mexico D.R. Miller tentatively identified Hawaii specimens as population release as Macrotrachelia nigronitens (Stal 1860). Ceroplastes poss. rusci, but noted that these had more stig- 8 matic setae than typical C. rusci and seemed slightly larger. Coreidae Slide-mounted specimens were forwarded to Ana Lúcia B. G. Acanthocoris sp. A Peronti, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, as she worked NEW STATE RECORD on the revision of the genus in Brazil. Peronti subsequently According to T.J. Henry, this group is in need of serious provided a firm identification as Ceroplastes eugeniae Hall. revision; adults are not identifiable to species. There are Previous notes of Ceroplastes rusci collections should be many similar species and no identification keys to separate changed to C. eugeniae. them. Acanthocoris sp. A represents the second of two alien Collection records: OAHU, Aiea, 8.VII.2009, ex. Aonidia leaf-footed bugs which feed on Ipomoea spp. to establish in merrillii foliage, coll. R. Heu, M. Lee, C. Young, det. A. L. Hawaii. Physomerus grossipes, which has become common Peronti, 21.I.2013. HAWAII, Kurtistown, 22.VII.2009, ex. on sweet potato, was first detected in 1997. Annona muricata, coll. B. Bushe, det. A. L. Peronti, 21.I.2013. Collection records: KAUAI, Lihue, 24.VII.2009, ex. at KAUAI, Kilauea, 9.IX.2010, ex. Cyperus papyrus, coll. M. large, coll. E.J. Garcia. Anahola, 14.VI.2011, ex. Ipomoea bata- Schultz, det. J.N. Matsunaga, II.2013. Vouchers at HDOA. tas, coll. M. Ko & C. Lao; Kalaheo, 24.V.2012, ex. I. batatas, coll. N. Hori, det. T.J. Henry, 30.X.2015. Vouchers at HDOA. Ceroplastes stellifer (Westwood) [= Vinsonia stellifera Westwood] Physomerus grossipes (Fabricius) New island record New island records Collection records: HAWAII, Captain Cook, 6.V.2010, ex. Collection records: KAUAI, Lihue, 28.II.2011, ex. Ipomoea Schefflera arboricola coll. M. Ramadan, det. M. Ramdan and obsuta foliage, coll. M. Ko & C. Lao, det. B. Kumashiro, J.N. Matsunaga, 19.V.2010. Vouchers at HDOA. 1.III.2011. HAWAII, Kohala, 1.IX.2016, ex. Ipomoea batatas, coll. D. Fuertes, det. J. Matsunaga, 13.X.2016. Vouchers at Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi (Vallot) HDOA. NEW STATE RECORD Heavily infested samples of what was called “akulikuli” by Cydnidae the collector, were brought to the attention of UH-CTAHR, Fromundus biimpressus (Horváth) and further handed on to HDOA for identification. A tenta- NEW STATE RECORD tive identification and further confirmation by G.A. Evans Thousands of burrowing bugs at a Keaukaha school and concluded that this was the ice plant scale, Pulvinariella me- surrounding areas on Hawaii island were reported by the sembryanthemi (Vallot). After some confusion of the initial public to HDOA in 2015. The burrowing bugs were attracted plant from which it was collected, it was discovered that the to the bright lights of the athletic field and gym at night and host was actually Lampranthus roseus, mini ice plant, and not could be found in masses around the school on sidewalks, one of the native akulikuli species (Sesuvium portulacastrum). along buildings, in the baseball dugouts, and on landscaping Within several months, Maui and Oahu infestations were also in following days. In addition, swarming in masses at various detected, suggesting that P. mesembryanthemi has been present beach parks (Onekahakaha and Richardson’s Beach Park) in in Hawaii for some time. Interestingly, an infestation detected the Keaukaha area were also reported around the same week. in Kona was found in the Kona International Airport’s land- It first appeared that this was a new unrecorded species of scaping, while the Oahu infestation was also found near the Cydnidae, however, a review of the HDOA collection found Honolulu International Airport, in the Mapunapuna roadside unidentified specimens collected from Oahu in the 1980’s which landscaped areas. It is highly likely that the iceplant scale was were identical to the Keaukaha individuals. Shortly after the Ke- spread via nursery stock used for these landscaped areas. aukaha swarms, a single specimen was submitted from Kauai. Recorded host plants of the ice plant scale include Car- Further, a review of a cydnid first reported as “Genus? sp. A” in pobrotus spp., Disphyma spp., Mesembryanthemum spp. Howarth and Preston 2002 was also the same species. Speci- (Aizoaceae); Atriplex vesicaria and Lampranthus spp. (Cheno- mens were forwarded to USDA-ARS-SEL for identification in podiaceae) (García Morales et al. 2016). In addition, according 2015 but remained pending. With the assistance of Joe Eger, an to Qin and Gullan (1992), S. portulacastrum is a possible host identification was provided and confirmed by James N. Zahniser plant in Australia. USDA-ARS-SEL after re-submitting additional specimens. Collection records: HAWAII, Kamuela, I.2012, ex. Lam- Fromundus biimpressus is known from South East Asia pranthus roseus, coll. S. Keith, det. G.A. Evans, 26.IV.2012. (China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam). In MAUI, Wailuku, 28.VIII.2012, ex. Lampranthus sp. coll. M. 2004 it was discovered on Guam under similar circumstances, Fukada, M. Lee & C. Young, det. B. Kumashiro, 12.IX.2012. at lights during the night (Lis and Zack 2010). OAHU, Mapunapuna, 19.VII.2012, ex. Carpobrotus sp. coll. Collection records: OAHU, Honolulu International Air- M. Lee & C. Young, det. B. Kumashiro, 24.VII.2012. Vouchers port, 16.XII.1982, ex. light trap, coll: D. Preston, det. J.M. Mat- at HDOA. sunaga, IX.2017. HAWAII, Keaukaha, 12.X.2015, 19.X.2015, ex. swarming at school athletic field at night, coll. S. Chun, 9 det. J.N. Zahniser, 14.IX.2017. KAUAI, Kapaa, 22.X.2015, ex. J.N. Matsunaga, 9.XII.2016. Vouchers at HDOA. at large, in home fumigated for termites, submitted by Aloha Termite, det. J.N. Matsunaga, IX.2017. Vouchers at HDOA. Pseudaonidia trilobitiformis (Green) New island record Diaspididae Collection records: LANAI, Manele Bay, 18.VII.2012, Andaspis numerata Brimblecombe ex. Poncirus trifoliata, coll. M. Fukada & C. Young, det. B. NEW STATE RECORD Kumashiro, 12.VII.2012. Vouchers at HDOA. Stems of a reported dying Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plant initially thought to be weakened by disease, was further exam- Pseudaulacaspis pentagona (Targioni-Tozzetti) ined for the possibility of insect boring damage. Microscopic New island records examination revealed the entire surfaces of the woody stems Collection records: KAUAI, Kapaa, 13.VI.2008, ex. Carica were covered in layers and layers of armored scales, reaching papaya fruit, coll. R. Redfern, det. B. Kumashiro, 4.VIII.2008. several millimeters thick. The layers were so thick that it ap- MAUI, Haiku, 10.IX.2008, ex. Carica papaya fruit, coll. B. peared as if the armored scale coverings were the bark of the Yonahara, det. B. Kumashiro, 12.IX.2008. Vouchers at HDOA. tree. An additional collection of this scale was found nearby several months later, however, it has not yet been reported Kerriidae outside of the Kapahulu, Honolulu, Oahu area. It can easily go Paratachardina pseudolobata Kondo & Gullan undetected, camouflaged with the bark of woody plant stems. New island record Andaspis numerata Brimblecombe, identified by D.R. Miller Collection records: MAUI, Wailuku, 18.V.2016, roadside on May 23, 2011, represents both a new Hawaii record and landscaping, ex. stems of Osteomeles anthyllidifolia and a new U.S. record. According to Miller (2011 pers. comm., Dodonea viscosa, coll. M. Fukada, det. J. N. Matsunaga, 23 May), A. numerata has been intercepted from Samoa in 26.VII.2016. Vouchers at HDOA. Honolulu in 1931 on (?) Agrostrophyllum rheineckianum (Orchidaceae). It has also been intercepted in San Francisco in Membracidae 1952 on Hibiscus sp.; and from Fiji at DC in 1956 on Erythrina Stictopelta marmorata Goding fusca (Fabaceae) cuttings. A. numerata is distributed through- NEW STATE RECORD out Australasia (American Samoa, Australia, Fiji, Papua New Individual adult specimens were collected in Waianae Val- Guinea, Tonga, Western Samoa) and India (García Morales et ley, Oahu, on three separate occasions, all attracted to light. al. 2016) where it is a serious pest to tea plants (Das 1976). Host plants in Hawaii remain unknown. This species occurs Collection records: OAHU, Kapahulu, 23.III.2011, ex. Hi- in the southwest United States and the Neotropics. biscus rosa-sinensis, coll. M. Ko, det. D.R. Miller, 23.V.2011; Collection records: Oahu, Waianae Valley, 31.III.2003, at Kapahulu, 18.VIII.2011, ex. Hibiscus sp. coll. M. Ko & C. light; coll. G. Imoto, det. S.I. McKamey, 9.IX.2009; Waianae Lao, det. J.N. Matsunaga, 30.VIII.2011; Kunia, 30.IV.2015, Valley, 6.VI.2007, at light, coll. G. Imoto, det. B. Kumashiro, ex. Sesbania tomentosa stems, coll. J.N. Matsunaga, det. J.N. 9.IX.2009. Voucher at HDOA. Matsunaga, 23.II.2016. Vouchers at HDOA. Miridae Aonidiella orientalis (Newstead) Kundakimuka queenslandica Cassis First detection, unknown establishment NEW STATE RECORD A single collection of this species was found infesting the fruits The 2 mm-long predaceous Kundakimuka queenslandica of a potted loulu palm plant (Pritchardia sp.) in a Waimanalo Cassis was discovered while looking for specimens of the nursery in May 2009. Specimens were forwarded to D.R. Miller leaf-tying moth, Choreutis sp. (Lepidoptera: Choreutidae), and identified as Aonideilla orientalis (Newstead), the Oriental on Ficus benjamina and F. retusa. Specimens were found scale. Upon subsequent surveys, no other infestations could be inside of leaves folded by Choreutis sp., and in several cases, found. It is unknown if A. orientalis is established. a dead, early-instar Choreutis sp. was present. Specimens Collection records: OAHU, Waimanalo, 27.v.2009, ex. of K. queenslandica were first collected in May 2002 in Pritchardia sp. fruits, coll. B. Azama, det. D.R. Miller, 2. Waimanalo, Oahu, however, remained unidentified until an IX.2009. Vouchers at HDOA. additional collection in 2009. The September 2009 discovery was serendipitous, found while looking for the recent immi- Fiorinia phantasma Cockerell & Robinson grant, Apotomorhinus cribratus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). New island records In December 2010, T.J. Henry identified the predator as Collection records: HAWAII, Kona, Keahole Agricultu- close to the species Kundakimuka queenslandica Cassis. ral Park, Hawaii, 7.II.2012, ex. Chrysalidocarpus lutescens In January 2011 G. Cassis confirmed this identification. K. foliage, coll. L. Larish. det. Kumashiro, 17.II.2012. KAUAI, queenslandica was described from specimens collected from Hanamaulu, 29.XI.2016, ex. C. lutescens, coll. L. Ishii, det. Australia, where it preys on larvae of the moth Neodrepta 10 luteotactella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae) that infest Members of Piezodorus feed on legumes and some species are the paperbark tree, Melaleuca integrifolia. significant agricultural pests. Historically, there was much confu- Collection records: OAHU, Waimanalo, 15.V.2002, sion on the identity of P. oceanicus as it is difficult to separate ex. Choreutis sp. larvae feeding on Ficus retusa foliage, many of these closely related species (Bundy et al. 2018). coll. W. Nagamine, det. W. Nagamine, 3.I.2010; Kaimuki, Collection records: MAUI, Kahului Airport area, three 16.IX.2009, on Eugenia jambolana fruit, coll. W. Na- collections in 2006 using fogging of Macroptillium atropur- gamine, det. G. Cassis, 12.I.2011. Vouchers at HDOA. pureum, gas aspirator and sticky trap (Howarth et al. 2012), vouchers at BPBM. OAHU, Moanalua, 19.I.2009, ex. Alysi- Polymerus testaceipes Stal, 1860 carpus vaginalis, coll. D. Tsuda, det. T.J. Henry, 7.X.2009, NEW STATE RECORD vouchers at HDOA. Polymerus testaceipes was found infesting Gerbera jameso- nii (gerbera daisy) cultivars in Volcano, Hawaii, causing Pseudococcidae significant damage to the flowers. Upon closer inspection, Antonina pretiosa Ferris lygaeids, aphids, and thrips were also found feeding on the New island record flowers at high densities, causing uneven opening, however, Collection records: MAUI, Kula, 3.VII.2010, ex. Bambusa the mirid appeared to be a new species in Hawaii. Specimens sp. stems, coll. E. Rezents, det. J.N. Matsunaga, 26.VII.2010. were sent to USDA-ARS-SEL in January 2013 and identified Vouchers at HDOA. by T.J. Henry in December 2014. According to T.J. Henry, Polymerus testaceipes is a highly Pseudococcus sp. A (nr. aurantiacus Williams and cryptus variable species distributed throughout the Neotropics and Hempel) established in Florida. Recorded hosts include various Astera- NEW STATE RECORD ceae species, Borreria verticillata (Rubiaceae), Chenopodium Specimens of an unidentified Pseudococcus sp. A were quinoa (Chenopodiaceae) (Logarzo et al. 2005), Phaseolus sp. collected from Manila palm on Oahu and betel nut palm on (Fabaceae) (CABI 2015). Hawaii within the span of four months in 2010. Populations Collection records: HAWAII, Volcano, 27.IX.2012, ex. appeared small, with only a few mature females and several gerbera daisy, coll. S. Chun, det. T.J. Henry, 14.XII.2014. immatures found on each plant. Females sat upon ovisacs si- Voucher at HDOA. milar to those of P. cryptus. It did not appear to be causing any major damage to host plants, however, in each case, individuals Pentatomidae were commonly surrounded by other palm pests, including Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister) Fiorinia phantasma and Aleurotrachelus trachoides. New island records Specimens were identified by D.R. Miller as Pseudococ- Collection records: KAUAI, Kokee cabins, 5.IV.2017, ex. cus sp., apparently undescribed. According to Miller, “These various crucifers (kale, broccoli raab, chard, etc.) in home specimens are very similar to P. aurantiacus Williams and garden, coll. W. Jacinto, L. Ishii, C. Kaneshige, det. J.N. Mat- might even be that species, but several details don’t fit. There sunaga, 10.IV.2017. MOLOKAI, Hoolehua, 14.IV.2017, ex. are many more oral collars and multilocular pores on P. various mustard greens, coll. G. Teves, det. J.N. Matsunaga, aurantiacus and the oral rims seem to be more consistently 18.IV.2017. Vouchers at HDOA. placed.” In these specimens, “the ‘oral rims’ sometimes are without obvious rims. It is also similar to P. cryptus, but has Piezodorus oceanicus (Montrouzier) more oral collars on the thorax and head. This most likely is Piezodorus oceanicus was first recorded as a new state an introduced species, probably from Asian Pacific and needs record from Maui by Howarth and Preston (2007) as P. sp. further study.” Palm trees are commonly shipped between nr. grossi Staddon, 1997. In a subsequent survey and report, islands for landscaping purposes, and was the likely pathway this species was identified and listed by Howarth et al. 2012 between the two islands. This represents both a new Hawaii as P. hyberni (Gmelin, 1790). and U.S. record. A separate collection from Oahu in 2009 was independently Collection records: OAHU, Kunia, 27.II.2010, ex. Veit- sent by HDOA to Hemiptera specialist T.J. Henry, who initially chia merrillii foliage, coll. J.N. Matsunaga, det. D.R. Miller, identified the Oahu species as Piezodorus hyberni, but after 30.IX.2010; Kunia, 4.II.2011, ex. Cocos nucifera foliage, coll. closer examination and dissection confirmed that the Oahu J.N. Matsunaga, det. J.N. Matsunaga, 25.II.2011. HAWAII, population was in fact P. grossi Staddon and not P. hyberni. Panaewa, 10.VI.2010, ex. Areca catechu foliage, coll. S. Cabral, The Maui and Oahu populations were compared and verified det. D.R. Miller, 30.IX.2010. Vouchers at HDOA. as the same species. P. grossi Staddon, 1997 was synonymized under P. oceanicus (Montrouzier, 1865) by Cassis and Gross Vryburgia brevicruris (McKenzie) (2002) and therefore P. oceanicus is the correct and revised NEW STATE RECORD name for the species established on Oahu and Maui. Mealybug masses were observed and collected off Senecio 11 madagascariensis plant roots from around Hale Pohaku, off campus, 8.VII.2013, ex. Pittosporum tobira foliage, coll. S. Mauna Kea access road (~9,300 ft elevation). The infestation Nelson, det. W. Nagamine, 8.VII.2013; Pawaa, 9.VII.2013; was very low, and only a few mature females were found. Spe- ex. P. tobira foliage, coll. M. Tauyan, det. W. Nagamine, cimens were verified by D.R. Miller asVryburgia brevicruris 9.VII.2013, conf. C. O’Donnell, 8.VI.2017; Manoa, University (McKenzie), a species typically found on aerial parts of its of Hawaii campus, 31.V.2017, ex. P. tobira foliage, coll. J.N. hosts. This species has previously been intercepted in Hawaii Matsunaga & K. Wong, det. J.N. Matsunaga, 31.V.2017. Vou- from Caralluma nebrowni (Asclepiadaceae) imported from chers at HDOA. California (holotype female), but has never been collected in the field until now. Rhyparochromidae Collection records: HAWAII, Mauna Kea, Hale Pohaku, ~ Horridipamera inconspicua (Dallas) 2,835 m elev., 31.V.2011, ex. Senecio madagascariensis roots, NEW STATE RECORD coll. J.N. Matsunaga, det. D.R. Miller, 8.II.2012; Mauna Kea, Horridipamera inconspicua is widespread in the tropics Hale Pohaku, ~ 2,835 m elev., 25.I.2013; ex. S. madagascarien- from the Ethiopian Region to South Asia and Japan. It is sis roots, coll. J.N. Matsunaga, P. Conant, C. Young, det. J.N. sometimes abundant in its preferred habitat, which is early Matsunaga II.2013. Vouchers at HDOA. successional disturbed grassland mixed with Euphorbiaceae weeds. Its hosts are unknown, but it presumably prefers grass Psyllidae seeds (Slater and Zheng, 1984). Cacopsylla tobirae (Miyatake) Collection records: HAWAII, Laupahoehoe, 27.X.2008, NEW STATE RECORD ex. mixed lawn grass (bermuda, manienie, seashore paspalum, A suspected new psyllid infesting Japanese pittosporum Tiffton), coll. Art Hollinger; Laupahoehoe, 7.VII.2009, ex. (Pittosporum tobira) on the University of Hawaii campus in Euphorbia hirta, coll. R. Hamasaki, det. T.J. Henry, 18.V.2011; Manoa, Oahu was reported to HDOA in July 2013. Subsequent Laupahoehoe, 7.X. 2009, on patio floor-attracted to light, coll. surveys found several sites with heavy infestations around R. Hamasaki. Vouchers at HDOA. the Pawaa, Honolulu areas on P. tobira plants. Specimens were tentatively identified as Cacopsylla tobirae (Miyatake) Insecta: Hymenoptera (Conant 2013) and forwarded to USDA-ARS-SEL quickly af- Agaonidae ter. Identifiers at USDA-ARS-SEL could not provide a species Josephiella n. sp. A (apparently undescribed) identification and thus these samples remained unidentified. NEW STATE RECORD A publication by Bertone in 2016 revealed that North Caro- An agaonid wasp new to science was discovered causing lina State University was able to confirm the identity of C. galls on the stems of Ficus microcarpa. Terminal stems of tobirae collected in North Carolina in 2014 with the help of affected trees appeared unhealthy with a sparse foliar canopy. USDA-ARS-SEL. With this publication, additional samples Initial observers of this damage were under the assumption that collected in 2013 were resubmitted to USDA-ARS-SEL in the same species which causes leaf galling on F. microcarpa June, 2017 and quickly confirmed as C. tobirae by Cheryle (Josephiella microcarpae) was also causing the galling on O’Donnell shortly after. stems of the same plant. However, closer examination of the Cacopsylla tobirae, a native of Asia, is an invasive pest spe- stem-galling wasps showed that while both the leaf-galler and cies of the common ornamental Japanese pittosporum plants the stem-galler are morphologically similar in many ways, this and has been recorded from California (Percy et al. 2012), in fact may be a different species. Both leaf and stem-gallers North Carolina (Bertone 2016), and now Hawaii. In 2013, can be found on the same plant. Jean-Yves Rasplus, co-author severe leaf curl and stunting of terminal branches, as well of the leaf-galling J. microcarpae, agreed that this could be as extreme sooty mold growth was seen on infested plants an undescribed species and is currently working on its species at several sites around urban Honolulu. Follow-up surveys in description. 2017 revealed that P. tobira plants at three of four sites with Subsequent to the initial discovery of this stem-galler on infestations in 2013 were removed, though it is uncertain why. Oahu in 2012, infested F. microcarpa were quickly noted on It can be speculated that the infestation was so severe that Hawaii and Maui. In May, 2016, galled F. microcarpa stems plants were either dying or too hard to maintain. However, the with exit holes were collected from Molokai and in July, 2017, original site at University of Hawaii Manoa maintained the from Kauai. However, material from these islands were too plants. A much lower population density was found with the old and no adults could be recovered. Therefore, we do not discovery of a pupal endoparasitoid. In May 2017, a species list the collection data below, and in the list of new species we of Pysllaephagus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) was found para- noted a question mark next to these islands until the adults are sitizing the pupae at rates over 60%. This species is pending confirmed.Josephiella n. sp. A, along with Josephiella micro- identification, but also appears to be a new state record for carpae, lobate lac scale (Paratarchardina pseudolobata), and Hawaii. other ficus-feeding species has contributed to the weakening Collection records: OAHU, Manoa, University of Hawaii of large banyan trees on Oahu. 12 Collection records: OAHU, Manoa, 13.VII.2012, ex. Ficus Collection records: OAHU, Waimanalo, 24.II.2011, ex. microcarpa stems, coll. D. Hulbert, det. J.-Y. Rasplus, 6.X.2012. Glycaspis brimblecombei on E. camaldulensis, coll. W. Na- HAWAII, Hilo, 30.VII.2012, ex. F. microcarpa stems, coll. C. gamine, det. W. Nagamine, 5.V.2011. Vouchers at HDOA. Hirayama, L. Larish & S. Chun, det. B. Kumashiro, VIII.2012. MAUI, Wailuku, 6.VIII.2012, ex. F. microcarpa stems, coll. Psyllaephagus sp. A (not P. blastopsyllae) M. Fukada, VIII.2012. Vouchers at HDOA. NEW STATE RECORD See Cacopsylla tobirae (Miyatake) Aphelinidae Collection records: OAHU, Manoa, University of Hawaii Encarsia cubensis Gahan campus, 31.V.2017, ex. Cacopsylla tobirae pupae, coll. J.N. NEW STATE RECORD Matsunaga & K. Wong, det. J.N. Matsunaga/M. Ramadan, Specimens of Encarsia cubensis were first reared from VII.2017; Manoa, University of Hawaii campus, 21.VI.2017, Aleurotrachelus trachoides (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) infest- ex. C. tobirae pupae, coll. J. Ocenar & K. Wong, det. M. Ra- ing pepper plant (Capsicum sp.) foliage in Hilo in 2008. E. madan, VII.2017 (Identification to species pending). Vouchers cubensis is a parasitoid of various whitefly species, including at HDOA. A. trachoides and Aleurothrixis floccosus (Noyes 2014), two economically important pests in Hawaii. Eulophidae Collection records: HAWAII, Hilo, Waiakea Uka, Cirrospilus sp. A (not C. vittatus) 21.V.2008, ex. Aleurotrachelus trachoides on Capsicum sp. NEW STATE RECORD foliage, coll. S. Matayoshi, det. G.A. Evans, 21.X.2008; Hilo, When blister galls began forming on lemon-scented gum Waiakea Uka, 28.IX.2009, ex. A. trachoides on Capsicum tree foliage in Aiea, Oahu, leaves were collected and held for sp., coll. S. Matayoshi. OAHU, Makiki, 17.IV.2009, ex. prob. the emergence of potential gall-forming insects. What was A. trachoides, coll. D. Oishi, C. Young & M. Lee, det. W. discovered turned out to be an assemblage of about six separate Nagamine, IV.2009. Vouchers at HDOA. species. Additional samples from Honolulu produced similar results. All samples of Oahu Corymbia citriodora blister galls, Encarsia diaspidicola Silvestri produced Cirrospilus sp. A, Epichrysocharis burwelli (pre- NEW STATE RECORD sumed gall former), and four additional species of unidentified Pest calls regarding high infestations of Pseudaulacaspis Hymenoptera (Chalcidoidea). Cirrospilus sp. A is possibly a pentagona attacking papaya trees in Manoa were reported in parasitoid species; however, it is unknown which of the five June, 2012. Samples of the scales were taken and held for emer- other species found in the leaf material may be its host. C. gence of any parasitoids that may be present. Unexpectedly, vittatus is the only other established species of Cirrospilus a species of Encarsia emerged, and was tentatively identified recorded in Hawaii (Kauai, Maui, and Oahu) but is known to as E. diaspidicola Silvestri, and subsequently confirmed by attack Cremastobombycia lantanella (Lepidoptera: Gracillari- G.A. Evans. Evans also revisited specimens which were reared idae). The Cirrospilus reared from C. citriodora blister galls from sago palm fronds infested with Aulacapis yasumatsui can be described as yellow, slender-bodied, highly patterned, and other scale insects in 2008. He identified these as E. di- with a somewhat iridescent thorax. Also see Epichrysocharis aspidicola in 2012. burwelli. This was surprising not only because it would constitute a Collection records: OAHU, Aiea, 1.IV.2001, ex. Corym- new record for Hawaii, but because Encarsia diaspidicola was bia citriodora foliage with blister galls, coll. R. Heu. Aiea, a candidate biological control agent of P. pentagona (Diaspi- 12.VII.2005, ex. C. citriodora foliage with blister galls, coll. R. didae) in Hawaii by USDA-ARS-PBARC entomologists, and Heu; Honolulu, Tantalus, 19.VII.2005, ex. C. citriodora foliage had not yet been released (Neumann et al. 2010). Shortly after with blister galls, coll. R. Heu, M. Chun, & W. Nagamine. All the Oahu discovery, lab-reared E. diaspidicola were released det. J. La Salle, VI.13.2005. on Hawaii island in papaya fields to control theP. pentagona infestations devastating this crop in Hawaii (Follett et al. 2015). ?Closterocerus sp. A (not C. utahensis) Collection records: OAHU, Hawaii Loa Ridge, 3.XI.2008, NEW STATE RECORD ex. reared from Cycas revoluta infested with Aulacaspis Eucalyptus sp. foliage with blister galls collected from West yasumatsui and possibly other scale insects, coll. J. (Garcia) Maui was held for the emergence of gall formers. At least two Matsunaga, det. G.A. Evans, 2012; Manoa, 5.XI.2012, ex. species of Tetrastichinae wasps emerged- a possible Clostero- Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, on Carica papaya, coll. W. cerus sp. A and an Ophelimus sp. A. According to La Salle Nagamine, det. G. A. Evans, 16.II.2013. Vouchers at HDOA. (2005 pers. comm., 14 June), this possible Closterocerus sp. A is most likely a parasitoid of the Ophelimus sp. A, which is Encyrtidae probably the gall former on this Eucalyptus sp. material. On Psyllaephagus bliteus Riek Oahu, Closterocerus utahensis has been recorded attacking New island record species of Liriomyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Also see Ophe- 13 limus sp. A. vial, coll. C. Kaneshige & E.J. Garcia, etc. B.E. Heterick, Collection records: MAUI, Honokawai, 10.V.2005, ex. I.2016. MOLOKAI, Hoolehua Airport, 30.X.2015, ex. red Eucalyptus sp. foliage with blister galls, coll. M. Fukada and imported fire ant baited vial, coll. B. Dietrich et al. Vouchers A. Shishido; Camp Maluhia, 16.VIII.2005, ex. Eucalyptus sp. at HDOA. foliage with blister galls, coll. M. Fukada. All det. J. La Salle, VI.13.2005. Pheidole navigans (= moerens) Forel New island record Epichrysocharis burwelli Schauff This species was previously reported as Pheidole moerens New island record Wheeler in Gruner et al. (2003) from Hawaii and by Starr and Epichrysocharis burwelli is a blister gall former on lemon- Starr (2013) from Maui. Sarnat et al. 2015 removed Pheidole scented gum (Corymbia citriodora) leaves. It was originally navigans Forel, 1901 from synonymy with P. moerens after described from California in 2000 (Schauff & Garrison 2000), examining type specimens, as well as representatives from but is most likely native to Australia. While E. burwelli is a Hawaii. A single minor worker was collected from Lihue, presumed gall former in the C. citriodora material from Oahu, Kauai at a rental car parking lot near the Lihue Airport it may not be the only gall former of the six species which (13.X.2015, ex. peanut butter baited vial, coll. B. Dietrich, emerged from the same material. Also see Cirrospilus sp. A. voucher at HDOA), however, we cannot confirmP. navigans Collection records: OAHU, Aiea, IV.2001, ex. Corymbia without additional specimens including major workers. We citriodora galled foliage, coll. R. Heu; Aiea, 12.VII.2005, ex. report the following Oahu collections as a new island record. C. citriodora foliage with blister galls, coll. R. Heu; Honolulu, Collection records: OAHU, Mililani, 3.X.2008, at large Tantalus, 19.VII.2005, ex. C. citriodora galled foliage with at a nursery with plants from Hawaii island, coll. R. Change, blister galls, coll. R. Heu, M. Chun, & W. Nagamine. MAUI, det. C. Young, 6.X.2008; Waimanalo, 21.VIII.2013, peanut 10.V.2005, ex. C. citridora foliage with blister galls, coll. M. butter baited vial at nursery, coll. D. Arakaki, det. C. Young, Fukada & A. Shishido. All det. J. La Salle, VI.13.2005. 22.VIII.2013. Vouchers at HDOA.

Ophelimus sp. A (maybe not O. eucalypti, not O. maskelli) Trichomyrmex destructor (Jerdon) “dark form” NEW STATE RECORD Record of note/Establishment uncertain Ophelimus sp. A adults emerged from blister galls of Eu- Ants collected from Ford Island by a private pest control calyptus sp. foliage collected on Maui. La Salle speculates company were somewhat morphologically similar to local that this is most likely the gall former from this species of Trichomyrmex (= Monomorium) destructor populations, how- Eucalyptus. This is not O. maskelli (a known gall former on ever, with minor differences and darker coloration. Individuals Eucalyptus causing problems in other areas of the world) and from this collection site were also similar to M. mayri (not it may not be O. eucalylpti- According to La Salle (2005, pers. established in Hawaii), however, DNA analysis (using COI) comm. 24 August), the taxonomy of these small gall forming by R. Clouse and M. Janda placed this population within a eulophids on Eucalyptus spp. is unresolved, with most of the T. destructor clade which falls between a T. destructor clade species (and probably some of the genera) being undescribed. from Madagascar and a T. destructor clade from Melanesia, Also see ?Closterocerus sp. A. India, and Palau. Collection records: MAUI, Camp Maluhia, 16.VIII.2005, While this population falls within T. destructor, it is impor- ex. Eucalyptus sp. foliage with blister galls, coll. M. Fukada, tant to note that this potentially represents a recent and separate det. J. La Salle, 24.VIII.2005. invasion of T. destructor to Hawaii. Further DNA analysis of local T. destructor populations should be done to verify this Formicidae conclusion, however, the location and cicumstances of the Monomorium dichroum Forel infestation in addition to morphological differences point to a Revised identification, new island record new introduction of a very invasive pest ant species in Hawaii. Previously identified as Monomorium bicolor complex by Vouchers at HDOA. Brian E. Heterick in 2008, Heterick confirmed that the species Collection records: OAHU, Ford Island, 12.X.2012, vienna in Hawaii is Monomorium dichroum in January 2016. Ant- sausage baited vial, coll. C. Agena, det. R. Clouse and M. web lists specimens from Haleakala National Park, Maui (M. Janda, 22.II.2013. Vouchers at HDOA. bicolor complex), while Starr and Starr (2011) reported speci- mens (M. bicolor complex) from Molokai and Kahoolawe. Megachilidae Collection records: OAHU, Moanalua, Pearl Harbor Naval Megachile lanata (Fabricius) Base NEX, 30.VI.2005, ex. red imported fire ant baited vial, New island records coll. T. Suh. HAWAII, Kawaihae Pier, 14.VII.2005, ex. red Collection records: MOLOKAI, Hoolehua, 14.XI.2008, imported fire ant baited vial, coll. P. Conant.KAUAI , Kekaha, ex. at large, at residence; coll. E. Lani, det. K. Magnacca. Kikialoa Harbor, 26.VI.2007, ex. red imported fire ant baited KAUAI, Kalaheo, 12.IX.2011, ex. at large, at residence, coll. 14 D. Silva. Kalaheo, 31.X.2011, ex. at large, at residence, coll. now considered a synonym of P. olivaceus (De Geer), was D. Silva, det. K. Magnacca via photos. Vouchers at HDOA. recorded from Hawaii in the 1800s. However, a review by Carpenter showed that P. macaensis was a misidentification Vespidae for P. jokahamae Radoszkowski. In addition, P. jadwigae Dall Polistes dominula (Christ) Torre as listed by Nishida 2002 is a synonym of P. jokahamae. Establishment uncertain J.M. Carpenter reviewed HDOA’s collection of Vespinae speci- Adults of the European paper wasp were first collected in mens and the misidentification of Polistes jokahamae under the field in June, 2006 by the City and County of Honolulu P. olivaceus. Adults of P. jokahamae correctly identified by Parks and Recreation personnel on Oahu (HDOA 2007). Carpenter were collected on Oahu as far back as 1905, and on Workers were stung as they were trimming trees at Keehi Hawaii island in 1988. This paper wasp is native from India Lagoon Beach Park, where a nest was subsequently found and to Japan and has been introduced to many Pacific islands by collected from one of the trees. Keehi Lagoon Beach Park is commerce. Vouchers at HDOA. in close proximity to the Honolulu International Airport and the Honolulu Harbor, which are both less than a mile away. Vespula alascensis (Packard) Surveys following this discovery did not reveal additional Revised name adult wasps or nests. Close morphological and molecular evaluation of specimens A second collection of P. dominula from Volcano, Hawaii identified as Vespula vulgaris from Europe, New Zealand, was reported by David Foote, U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Australia, and the U.S. by Carpenter and Glare (2010) con- Island Ecosystems Research Center. A student on a school bus cluded that the N. American V. alascensis was previously was stung by aggressive European paper wasps which flew in misidentified as V. vulgaris, its close Eurasian counterpart. through the bus’ open windows. A nest was found attached to Hawaii adults previously identified as Vespula vulgaris were the outside of one of the windows. collected from Maui as far back as 1973 and verified by Car- Finally, a third collection of the European paper wasp was penter as V. alascensis in 2011. This Hawaii population arrived made when a nest was discovered attached to the undercarriage from Northwestern North America probably as hibernating of an imported firetruck in Kahului after aggressive wasps queens in Christmas tree shipments. Vouchers at HDOA. were reported to be flying around the truck. Polistes dominula adults have been intercepted at Hawaii Insecta: Lepidoptera ports of entry on numerous occasions, commonly hitchhiking Choreutidae in shipping containers, in Christmas tree shipments, and in nests Choreutis sp. A attached to vehicles coming from the western mainland U.S. The New island records three collections of this species have been found at large, though Collection records: HAWAII, Kohala, 31.V.2013, ex. Ficus at circumstances that may not particularly confirm establish- binnendijkii foliage, coll. R. Hamasaki, det. B. Kumashiro. ment. After nests were contained from all three collections, there KAUAI, Hanapepe, 26.IV.2017 ex. Ficus prob. celebensis foli- have been no known reports of the European paper wasp known age, coll. E.J. Garcia, det. J.N. Matsunaga. Vouchers at HDOA. to the authors. The European paper wasp is known from cooler, seasonal climates. It is possible that this species exists in small Erebidae: Arctiinae numbers within similar habitats to Vespula pennsylvanica, and Secusio extensa (Butler) therefore, the two yellow and black patterned wasps could easily Biological control release, NEW STATE RECORD be misidentified if only flying in the distance. If the European Secusio extensa was imported by HDOA to control the paper wasp becomes well established, there may be concerns invasive weed Senecio madagascariensis (fireweed) in the for native bees and lepidoptera, as well as its aggressive nature Hawaiian Islands. After thirteen years of research and permit and propensity to sting people. applications, S. extensa was released on Maui and Hawaii Collection records: OAHU, Keehi Lagoon Park, Islands in 2013. This agent is now established on both islands. 16.VI.2006, at large around nest in tree, coll. K. Bernie, Secusio extensa larvae were collected at the Palehua-Palikea det. D. Oishi and B. Kumashiro, VI.2006. MAUI, Kahului, area, Oahu, on Delairea odorata vines being eradicated from 26.VIII.2008, at large around nest on a firetruck shipped from the area. This collection was the first on Oahu, as this agent San Diego, California, coll. A. Shishido, det. B. Kumashiro, was not purposefully released on that island. Establishment VIII.2008. Vouchers at HDOA. HAWAII, Volcano, 2008, is questionable, as Oahu does not have large concentrations flying around a nest attached to the window of a school bus, of S. extensa’s host plants (S. madagascariensis and Delairea coll. D. Foote. odorata). HDOA and Pulama Lanai have conducted releases on Lanai to control fireweed in the area, though establish- Polistes jokahamae Radoszkowski ment has not been confirmed. There have also been reports Previous misidentification & Synonym S. extensa sightings on Kahoolawe; however, no specimens According to Carpenter (2008) Polistes macaensis (Fabricius), have been obtained. 15 Geometridae Steve Nakahara identified the specimens as mostlyF. occiden- Undetermined genus sp. A talis, with some individuals exhibiting slight differences and NEW STATE RECORD informed us of a study by Rugman-Jones et al. (2010) indicat- A small (1 cm wingspan) pale green species of an inch worm. ing that Western flower thrips, F. occidentalis, is a complex Collection records: OAHU, Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, of two cryptic species (western flower thripsL and western 5.VI.2007, 120 m, 21°20.7‘N, 157°51.6’W, at light, coll. F.G. flower thripsG) needing further study and species name revi- Howarth, 1 male; same data except 5.VI.2011, 2 females. sions. Through nuclear-mitochondrial barcoding, the authors Vouchers at HDOA. discovered two distinct genetic entities, morphologically similar, and sometimes found on the same plants. Additional Lycaenidae specimens from these collections were forwarded to authors Zizina otis (Fabricius) Paul Rugman-Jones and Mark Hoddle for DNA analysis and New island records subsequently all returned with as Frankliniella occidentalis, Collection records: HAWAII, Paukaa, 25.V.2016, at large, the invasive greenhouse/glasshouse strain (western flower at grassy field, coll. S. Chun., det. J.N. Matsunaga. KAUAI, thripsG). Frankliniella occidentalis has been recorded in Lihue, 7.X.2009, at large coll. L. Ishii, det. B. Kumashiro; Port Hawaii since 1966, however, this is the first record of the Allen, 23.X.2015, at large, flying around weeds, at port/pier, invasive greenhouse/glasshouse strain. coll. J.N. Matsunaga, det. J.N. Matsunaga. Vouchers at HDOA. Collection records: HAWAII, Panaewa Ag Lots, 5.V.2010, ex. Calotropis gigantea flowers, coll. S. Cabral; Panaewa, Pieridae 3.VI.2010, ex. Chrysanthemum flowers, coll. S. Cabral; Phoebis agarithe (Boisduval, 1836) Panaewa Ag Lots, 4.VI.2010, ex. Gerbera flowers, coll. S. New island record Cabral. All identified as Frankliniella occidentalis and F. Collection records: KAUAI, Wahiawa Bay, 8.III.2006, at prob. occidentalis by S. Nakahara, 28.IX.2010 (morphological large, coll. C. Kaneshige, det. B. Kumashiro. identification).

Insecta: Orthoptera Holothrips sp. A Nanixipha nahoa Otte, Shaw & Carvalho NEW STATE RECORD New island record Collection records: OAHU, Kaneohe, Hoomaluhia Botani- This species has also been documented on Maui through cal Garden, 1.VII.2009, ex. Sabal texana seeds, coll. M. Lee digital macro photography, however, no specimens have been and R. Heu, det. S. Nakahara, 20.VIII.2009. Voucher at U.S. vouchered that are known to the authors. National Entomological Collection. Collection records: OAHU, Pawaa, 9.X.2014, at large, coll. J.N. Matsunaga, det. B. Kumashiro. Voucher at HDOA. Insecta: Thysanura Lepismatidae Insecta: Psocoptera Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus Philotarsidae Establishment uncertain Haplophallus sp A & B. The blue silverfish or common silverfish has been previously Gruner (2004) and Howarth et al. (2012) report Haplophal- reported in Hawaii, but the earlier records were apparently lus species from Molokai and Maui respectively. It is necessary based on misidentifications of Ctenolepisma longicaudatum to compare voucher specimens from the two islands to deter- (Escherich, 1905) (Zimmerman 1948a; Nishida 2002). L. mine whether these represent the same or separate species. saccharina is easily distinguished from C. longicaudata in life by its smaller size (body length 5–9 mm), shorter caudal Insecta: Thysanoptera filaments (a little longer than one half abdominal length), Thripidae uniform dark slate-blue dorsal color, and quicker movements. Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) In C. longicaudata, the body length is 10–13 mm; the caudal New strain record “invasive greenhouse/glasshouse strain” filaments are longer than the abdomen; the dorsal scales are Two farms on Hawaii island reported extremely heavy dam- silvery gray and often mottled; and its movements are slower age and high losses by thrips feeding to various plants and and more directed towards cover. Additional diagnostic char- flowers, including jade vine, crown flower, chrysanthemum, acters for L. saccharina are smooth macrosetae, caudal tergite and gerbera daisies in the summer of 2010. According to slightly longer than wide with a truncate or slightly rounded the growers, these thrips were exhibiting atypical pesticide hind margin, terminal segment of labial palpus large and wider resistance. Upon initial examination, these thrips appeared than long, and presence of a group of about three macrosetae to have minute morphological differences from than typical near the posterior margin along the midline of each abdomi- F. occidentalis in Hawaii, and subsequently specimens were nal sternite, which is far removed from the lateral group of forwarded to USDA-ARS-SEL for identification assistance. ventral macrosetae (Wygodzinsky 1972). A single colony of 16 this species was found in a container of old cat food, which gyrus agraensis Saraswat in Hawaii (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). had been in Hawaii for several years. No further specimens Proc. Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. 35: 141–142. have been found, and the species may not have established. Beardsley, J.W., and G.K. Uchida. 2002. Blastopsylla occidentalis Collection records: OAHU, Honolulu, Kalihi Valley, Taylor (Homoptera: Psyllidae), a new psyllid pest of Eucalyptus 21°20.7‘ N, 157°51.6‘ W, 7.II.2010, 120 m, ex. container of old in Hawaii. Proc. Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. 35: 155. Beatty, J.A., J.W. Berry, and B.A. Huber. 2008. The pholcid dry cat food, in house, coll. F.G. Howarth, 25 specimens, det. spiders of Micronesia and Polynesia (Araneae, Pholcidae). J. F. G. Howarth, 2010. Arachnol. 36:1–25. Ben-Dov, Y. 2006. A systematic catalogue of eight scale insect families (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the world. Elsevier, Amster- Acknowledgments dam, The Netherlands 368 pp. We thank the many individuals who provided us with speci- Ben-Dov, Y., and J.M. Cox. 1990. The identity of five species of mens, collection data, literature, and taxonomic support over scale insects (Hem., Homoptera, Coccoidea), living on ornamental the course of this project. We thank the following individuals plants, originally described by P. F. Bouché. Entomol. Mon. Mag. for their consistent help with collections and identification as- 126: 79–84. Berry, J.W. J. Proszynski. sistance with New State Records: Stacey Chun, Mach Fukada, , and 2001. Description of Hakka, a new genus of jumping spider (Araneae, Salticidae) from Hawaii and Mohsen Ramadan, Laura Ishii (HDOA); Arnold Hara, Dick East Asia. J. Arachnology 29: 201–204 Tsuda, Brian Bushe, Randy Hamasaki, Will Haines, and Paul Bertone, M.A. 2016. Cacopsylla tobirae (Miyatake) (Hemiptera: Krushelnycky (UH); and Tyler Ito (USDA-APHIS-PPQ). We Psyllidae), a pest new to North and South Carolina on Japanese also gratefully acknowledge the Collaborating Taxonomists pittosporum (Pittosporaceae: Pittosporum tobira). Proc. Entomol. who generously identified species for us. Soc. Wash. 118(4):641–644. Bhatti, J.S. 1990. Catalogue of insects of the Order Terebrantia from the Indian Subregion. Zoology. 2(4): 205–352. Literature Cited Bianchi, F.A. 1981. Notes and Exhibitions Baileyothrips arizonensis Achterberg, C. van. 1984. Essay on the phylogeny of Braconidae (Morgan). Proc. Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. 24(3): 181. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Entomol. Tidskr. 105:41-58. Blackman, R.L., and V.F. Eastop. 2000. Aphids on the world’s AntWeb. [Online]. [Accessed 22 September 2018]. Available from: crops. An identification and information guide. Second Edition. https://www.antweb.org/taxonomicPage.do?rank=species&adm1 Chichester, United Kingdom: John Wiley and Sons. Name=Hawaii&countryName=United%20States. Blackman, R.L., and V.F. 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Stouthamer. 2010. 23 Nuclear-mitochondrial barcoding exposes the global pest western Zizina otis (F. 1787) becomes established on Oahu, Hawaii (Lepi- flower thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) as two sympatric cryptic doptera: Lycaenidae: Polyommatinae). News Lepid. Soc. 50: 3–6. species in its native California. J. Econ. Entomol. 103(3): 877–886. Starr, F., and K. Starr. 2011. New arthropod records from Maui Rung, A., S.J. Scheffer, G. Evans, and D. Miller. 2008. Molecu- Nui. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2011. Bishop lar identification of two closely related species of mealybugs of Mus. Occas. Pap. 109: 35–42. the genus Planococcus (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). J. Econ. Starr, F., and K. Starr. 2012. New arthropod records from Maui, Entomol. 101(3): 525–532. Molokai, and Lanai. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for Samuelson, G.A. 2006a. Callirhipidae, a new family to the Hawai- 2011. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 112: 39–42. ian beetle fauna. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for Starr, F., and K. Starr. 2013. New insect records from Maui. 2004–2005. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 88: 44–45. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2012. Bishop Mus. Samuelson, G.A. 2006b. Specularius impressithorax, an adventive Occas. Pap. 114: 69. bean weevil on Erythrina new to the Hawaiian Islands (Coleop- Steiner, W.E., Jr. 2003. An immigrant darkling beetle new to Ha- tera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). Records of the Hawaii Biologi- waii (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Records of the Hawaii Biologi- cal Survey for 2004–2005. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 88: 45–47. cal Survey for 2001–2002. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 74: 40–41. Samuelson, G.A., and F.G. Howarth. 2013. Notes on a recently Stumpf, C.F.S., and P.L. Lambdin. 2000. Distribution and known established darkling beetle in Hawaii. Records of the Hawaii host records for Planchonia stentae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Biological Survey for 2012. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 114: 67–68. Asterolecaniidae). Fla. Entomol. 83(3): 368–369. Samuelson, G.A., and A.S. Ramsdale. 2006. Passandridae (Cole- Stumpf, C.F.S., and P.L. Lambdin. 1999. Taxonomic status of optera), a new beetle family established in the Hawaiian Islands. Bambusaspis miliaris, B. robusta, and B. pseudomiliaris (He- Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2004–2005. Bishop miptera: Coccoidea: Asterolecaniidae). Insecta Mundi 13: 3–4. Mus. Occas. Pap. 88: 36–37. Swift, S.F., and M.L. Goff. 2001. Mite (Acari) Communities As- Saranat, E.M., G. Fischer, B. Guénard, and E.P. Economo. sociated with Ohia, Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae), at 2015. Introduced Pheidole of the world: taxonomy, biology, and Hono O Na Pali and Kuia Natural Area Reserves on Kauai Island, distribution. Zookeys 543: 1–109. Hawaiian Islands. Pac. Sci. 55(1): 23–40. Schauff, M.E., and R. Garrison. 2000. An introduced species of Tang, F.T., and Hao, J. 1995. [The Margarodidae and others of Epichrysocharis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) producing galls China.]. Chinese Agricultural Science Technology Press, Beijing, on Eucalyptus in California with notes on the described species P. R. China 738 pp. and placement of the genus. J. Hymenoptera Res. 9(1): 176–181. Tatarnic, N.J., and G. Cassis. 2012. The Halticini of the world Schmidt S., and A. Polaszek. 2007. The Australian species of En- (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae): generic reclassi- carsia Förster (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea: Aphelinidae), para- fication, phylogeny, and host plant associations. Zool. J. Linnean sitoids of whiteflies (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Aleyrodidae) Soc. 164: 558–658. and armoured scale insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea: Diaspididae). Tauber, C.A., and M. J. Tabuer. 2011. A new neuropteran record J. Nat. Hist. 41: 2099–2265. for the Hawaiian Islands (Chrysopidae). Bishop Mus. Occas. Seifert, B. 2003. The ant genus Cardiocondyla (Insecta: Hyme- Pap. 109: 43. noptera: Formicidae) - A taxonomic revision of the C. elegans, Tavares, A., J.B. Torres, C.S.A. Silva-Torres, and A.M. Vacari. C. bulgarica, C. batessi, C. nuda, C. shuckardi, C. stambuloffi, 2013. Behavior of Montandoniola confusa Streito & Matocq C. wroughtoni, C. emeryi, and C. minutior species groups. Ann. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) preying upon gall-forming thrips Naturhist. Mus. Wien Ser. B. Bot. Zool. 104B: 203–338. Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae). Shaw, M.R., and T. Huddleston. 1991. Classification and Biology Biol. Control 67(3):328–336. of Braconid Wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Handbooks for Van Nieukerken, E.J., L. Kaila, I.J. Kitching, N.P. Kristensen, the Identification of British Insects 7(11): 1–126. D.C. Lees, J. Minet, C. Mitter, M. Mutanen, J.C. Regier, T.J. Signoret, V. 1869. Essay on the gall forming insects (Homoptera Simonsen, N. Wahlberg, S.-H. Yen, Reza Zahiri, D. Adamski, - Coccidae) - 5th Part. Ann. Soc. Entomol. France 9: 431–452. J. Baixeras, D. Bartsch, B.Å. Bengtsson, J.W. Brown, S.R. Slater, J. A., and L. - Y Zheng. 1984. A revision of the genus Bucheli, D.R. Davis, J. De Prins, W. De Prins, M.E. Epstein, P. Horridipamera Malipatil (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). J. New York Gentili-Poole, C. Gielis, P. Hättenschwiler, A. Hausmann, J.D. Entomol. Soc. 92: 316–341. Holloway, A. Kallies, O. Karsholt, A.Y. Kawahara, S. (J.C.) Slipinski, A., and H. Escalona. 2013. Australian longhorn beetles Koster, M.V. Kozlov, J.D. Lafontaine, G. Lamas, J.-F. Landry, (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Vol. 1. Introduction and subfamily S. Lee, M. Nuss, K.-T. Park, C. Penz, J. Rota, A. Schintlmeister, Lamiinae. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria. B.C. Schmidt, J.-C. Sohn, M.A. Solis, G.M. Tarmann, A.D. Smith, I.M., and D.R. Cook. 2004. Description of Piona lapointei n. Warren, S. Weller, R.V. Yakovlev, V.V. Zolotuhin, A. Zwick. sp. (Acari: Hydrachnida: Pionidae), the first species of water mite 2011. Order Lepidoptera Linnaeus, 1758. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. Ed. reported from the Hawaiian Islands. Int. J. Acarol. 30 (1): 33–36. Animal biodiversity: An outline of higher-level classification and Smith, H. A., J.J. McHugh, and B.R. Kumashiro. 2002. Monitor- survey of taxonomic richness. Zootaxa 3148: 212–221. ing a newly-introduced watercress leafhopper in central Oahu. Walker, K. 2006. White-fringed weevil (Naupactus leucoloma). Hawaii Agriculture Research Center Vegetable Report 4: March [online]. [Acessed 8 January 2016]. Available at: http://www. – July 2002. padil.gov.au/pests-and-diseases/pest/main/135870. Updated on Snelling, R.R. 2003. Bees of the Hawaiian Islands, exclusive of Hy- 6 October 2011. laeus (Nesoprosopis) (Hymenoptera: Apoidea). J. Kans. Entomol. Ward, P.S., S.G. Brady, B.L. Fisher, and T.R. Schultz. 2014. Soc. 76(3): 342–356. The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography Snyder, J. F., A. D. Warren, D. Rubinoff, and G. T. Austin. 2008. of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Syst. 24 Entomol. 40(1): 61–81. Webb, M.D., and C.A. Viraktamath. 2004. On the identity of an invasive leafhopper on Hawaii (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Nir- vaninae). Zootaxa 692: 1–6. Williams, D.J. 1996. A synoptic account of the mealybug genus Ferrisia. Entomol. Mon. Mag. 132: 1–10. Williams, D.J., and G.W. Watson. 1988. In: The scale insects of the Tropical South Pacific Region, Part. 1: The armoured scales (Di- aspididae). London: CAB International Institute of Entomology. Wolff, R.H., A.M. Brasher, and A.B. Richards. 2002. New generic records of Hawaiian Chironomidae (Diptera). Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2000. Bishop Mus. Occas. Pap. 69: 31–33. Wright, M.G., and R. Stouthamer. 2011. First report of Tricho- gramma achaeae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from Hawaii. Proc. Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. 43: 67. Wygodzinsky, P. 1972. A review of the silverfish (Lepismatidae, Thysanura) of the United States and the Caribbean area. Am. Mus. Nov. 2481: 1–26. Yang, P., and J.M. Hasty. 2013. First collection of Aedes japonicus (Theobald) (Diptera: Culicidae) on Oahu, Hawaii. Proc. Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. 45: 9–10. Young, D.A., and R.H. Davidson. 1959. Review of leafhoppers of the genus Draeculacephala. USDA, ARS, Tech. Bull. 1198. Zahiri, R., J.D. Holloway, I.J. Kitching, J.D. Lafontaine, M. Mutanen, and N. Wahlberg. 2012. Molecular phylogenetics of Erebidae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea). Syst. Entomol. 37, 102–124. Zimmerman, E.C. 1948a. Thysanura. Insects of Hawaii. Volume 2, Apterygota to Thysanoptera. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 29–38. Zimmerman, E.C. 1948b. Aphidoidea. Insects of Hawaii. Volume 5, Homoptera: Sternorhyncha. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 53–131. 25 + + Kumashiro et al. 2002; NIR Howarth and Preston 2002 Nishida and Beardsley 2002 Gaudioso et al. 2009 Nishida and Beardsley 2002 Lapointe 2002; Smith and Cook 2004 Nishida and Beardsley 2002 Swift and Goff 2001 Swift and Goff NSR Citation and notes

1 Ha, Ma Ma Mi Mo, Oa Ha Mi Ha, Oa Mi Ka Ka, Ma, distribution Island 1999 1999 1998 2009? 1998 1997 1998 1991 2000 detected Year 1st Year

Keifer, 1959 Keifer, 1950 Turk,

Den Heyer, 1979 Den Heyer, Smith & Cook, 2004 nr. glebulentus Pulaeus nr. Pulaeus sp. #1 Pulaeus sp. #2 Willmann, 1951 Willmann, Ledermuelleriopsis plumosus

ARACHNIDA:ACARI Cunaxidae Phyllocoptes bougainvilleae Galumnatidae bryani (Jacot, 1934) Pergalumna Knemidokoptidae Knemidokoptes jamaicensis

Pionidae Piona lapointei

Stigmaeidae Eriophyidae 1965 Keifer, Aceria guerreronis TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002. Table 1 = Island distribution: Ha=Hawaii, Ka=Kauai, Kh=Kahoolawe, Ku=Kure, Ln=Lanai, Ma=Maui, Mi=Midway, Mo=Molokai, Ne=Necker, Oa=Oahu Ne=Necker, Mo=Molokai, Mi=Midway, Ma=Maui, Ln=Lanai, Ku=Kure, Kh=Kahoolawe, Ka=Kauai, Ha=Hawaii, distribution: Island = 1 + = Indicates accompanying text in Collection Data and New Record Summaries section r = Biological control release. NIR New Island Record. NSR State Record 26 + 2013 2013 2007 2013 2007 Citation and notes HDOA 2008; Ramadan et al. 2008 HDOA Krushelnycky et al. Swift and Goff 2001 Swift and Goff Berry and Proszynski 2001 Krushelnycky et al. 2013 Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Proszynski 2002- Single specimen, Est.? Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Proszynski 2002- Single specimen, Est.? Howarth et al. 2012; NIR

1 distribution Island Ha, Oa Oa Ka Ha, Ne Ha Oa Ma Ha Oa Ma Oa Ka, Ma, Oa detected Year 1st Year 2007 2010 1991 1923 2003 2009 2002–2003 1995 2012 2002–2003 1966 1988

Simon, 1901

sp. A sp. sp. A sp. Hakka himeshimensis Doenitz & Strand, 1906 (Farrier, 1957) Gamasolaelaps whartoni (Farrier, Myrmarachne nigella Pellenes sp. A A Ptocasius sp. Hogna crispipes (L. Koch, 1877)

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Varroidae 2000 Trueman, destructor Anderson & Varroa Salticidae pyrrithrix (Chamberlin, 1924) Habronatus

Veigaiidae ARACHNIDA: ARANEAE ARACHNIDA: Linyphiidae Locket, 1982 Erigone bifurca

Erigone fradeorum (Berland, 1932)

Undetermined Genus sp. A Undetermined Genus sp. Pseudicius

Lycosidae 27 2013 2013 2013 2007 2013 + Citation and notes HDOA 2004 HDOA Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Howarth et al. 2012 Chandler 2005 NSR

1 distribution Island Oa Ha, Oa Ha Ha Ma Ha Ma Oa Oa detected Year 1st Year 2003 2002 2004 2004 2002–2003 2002 2000 ? 2005

Najt & Thibaud, 1988 Najt &

Hann, 1990 sp . A cf sp. A cf sp. Heterobostrychus hamatipennis (Lesne, 1895) Heterobostrychus Christiansen & Bellinger, 1980 Cryptopygus benhami Christiansen & Bellinger, Folsomides angularis (Axelson, 1905) Xylophilus Cyclodinus mundulus (Sharp, 1885)

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Theridiidae Steatoda capensis Bostrichidae ENTOGNATHA: COLLEMBOLA ENTOGNATHA: Hypogastruridae Brachystomella insulae Brachystomella Isotomidae

INSECTA: COLEOPTERA INSECTA: Aderidae Anthicidae Anthribidae Eucorynus crassicornis (Fabricius, 1801) 28 + 2007- single specimen only + Citation and notes Samuelson 2006a Kumashiro et al. 2002 Liebherr et al. 2009 Kumashiro et al. 2002; Howarth and Preston 2002 Liebherr and Takumi 2002; Takumi Liebherr and Evenhuis and Imada 2013 Conant 2013 Preston et al. 2007 Krushelnycky et al. HDOA 2010a HDOA HDOA 2004; Samuelson 2006b HDOA Matsunaga 2013b

1 distribution Island Oa Oa Ha Ka, Ma Ha, Ma Ha Oa Ma Ma Ha, Ka, Kh, Ma, Oa Ma, Oa detected Year 1st Year 1989 1992 2006 1991 1998 2009 ~2000 2002–2003 2008 2001 2011

(Linnaeus, 1763) (Olliff, 1890) (Olliff, LeConte, 1865 (Blackburn, 1896) (Herbst, 1784) (Germar, 1824) (Germar, : Undetermined genus sp. A : Undetermined genus sp. Undetermined genus sp. A A Undetermined genus sp. Waterhouse, 1877 Waterhouse, robusta Callirhipis

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Callirhipidae Clambidae Coccinellidae Cycloneda sanguinea Carabidae Agonum muelleri Trechus obtusus Erichson Trechus Cerambycidae Acalolepta aesthetica Cerylonidae Ceryloninae Chrysomelidae Altica carinata Diabrotica balteata Diabrotica (Pic, 1932) Specularius impressithorax sloanei Trachymela 29 2007 2007 2007

+ + + Citation and notes NSR Krushelnycky et al. 2010a; Heu et al. 2009; HDOA McQuate et al. 2016 Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. 2008 Cognato and Rubinoff Ewing and Krushelnycky 2014 HDOA 2010a HDOA Cognato and Rubinoff 2008 Cognato and Rubinoff NSR Cognato and Rubinoff 2008 Cognato and Rubinoff Haines 2006 Garcia 2010; Burbano et al. 2011 Howarth and Preston 2002 Conant 2013

1 Ha distribution Island Ma Ha, Ka, Oa Ma Ma Ha, Oa Ma Oa Oa Ha Ha Ma Ha Ma Ha 2010 detected Year 1st Year 2002–2003 2009 2002–2003 2002–2003 2007 2013 2009 2007 2009 2007 2004 2010 1999 2013 (Berg, 1881) (Berg, Gyllenhal, 1833 (Boheman, 1840) (Fabricius, 1801)

sp. A sp. Scolytogenes Tychius picirostris (Fabricius, 1787) picirostris Tychius (Blandford, 1896) Xyleborinus andrewesi Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford, 1894) Gonipterus scutellatus Xylosandrus morigerus (Blandford, 1894) Naupactus leucoloma

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table A Diomus sp. 1807) Blosyrus asellus (Olivier, Cryptophagidae ? Cryptophagus sp. (Wollaston, 1854) Cathormiocerus curvipes (Wollaston, Curculionidae cribratus Boheman, 1844 Apotomorhinus

Atrichonotus taeniatulus

Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari, 1867) Euplatypus parallelus

30 + Citation and notes Kumashiro et al. 2002 Ewing 2004 Johnson et al. 2017 Ewing 2004 Howarth and Preston 2002; Johnson Samuelson 2006 Samuelson and Ramsdale 2006 Kumashiro et al. 2002 Johnson and Samuelson 2006 Howarth and Preston 2002 Hansen 1993; Gruner 2004 Howarth et al. 2002 Robson 2012; NIR

1 distribution Island Ha Ka, Oa Ma, Mo, Oa Oa Ha, Ka, La, Ma Oa Ma, Mo, Oa Oa Ma Ma Ha, Oa Ma Ha, Ka, detected Year 1st Year 1993 1998 2015 1997 1999 1977 1990 1972 1999 1937 2000 2010 Orchymont, 1926 (Candèze, 1857) (Candèze, 1873) (Reitter, 1879) (Reitter, 1825) (Say, 1867) (Murray,

sp. A A sp. Conoderus posticus (Eschscholtz, 1822) (Walker, 1858) Melanotus punctosus (Walker, Passandra elongatula Grouvelle, 1874 Platynychus adjutor Cercyon fimbriatus Mannerheim, 1852 Cercyon

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Dermestidae Evorinea Phenolia attenuata Elateridae Stelidota geminata Passandridae

Rismethus scobinula Hydrophilidae sp. nr. lividulus sp. nr. Cercyon Laemophloeidae A Laemophloeus sp. Nitidulidae Aethina tumida 31 + 2007 + 2014; Matsunaga 2013c Citation and notes HDOA 2009; Jameson et al. 2009 HDOA Ramsdale and Samuelson 2006 Howarth and Preston 2002 HDOA 2009; Jameson et al. 2009 HDOA Howarth and Preston 2006 Kumashiro et al. Howarth and Preston 2006 HDOA 2004; NIR HDOA Preston et al. 2007; Howarth 2012 Howarth et al. 2012 Krushelnycky et al. Undetermined; NSR

1 Ha Ma, Oa distribution Island Nu Ma Ha Ma Oa Ma Ha, Ka, Ma, Oa Ma Ma Ha

2007 detected Year 1st Year 2003 1999 2007 2003 2013 2000 2002 2000 2006 2002–2003 2013

1915) (Casey,

(Walker, 1859) (Walker, (Gory & Percheron, 1833)

A

(Fabricius, 1781) retusus Temnorrhynchus Cyclocephala pasadenae sp. A A Astenus sp. Protaetia orientalis Protaetia sp. A Rugilus sp. sp. Tachyporus

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Phalacridae A Phalacrus sp. Silvanidae Silvanoprus scuticollis Scarabaeidae Staphylinidae (Linnaeus, 1758) Oryctes rhinoceros sp. A A Hesperus sp.

Pselaphinae sp. A A Pselaphinae sp.

Tenebrionidae A Bolitophagini?: Undetermined genus sp. 32 + ; NSR established? + + Citation and notes Howarth and Preston 2002- Single specimen, NSR Howarth et al. 2012 Samuelson and Howarth 2013 Howarth et al. 2012 Nishida and Beardsley 2002 Steiner 2003 NSR Apparently undescribed; leaf miner ex. gigantea Calotropis Munari and Evenhuis 2011 Mathis and Foster 2007; 2008 No listed Munari and Evenhuis 2011- specimens, but believed established Munari and Evenhuis 2011- possibly indigenous Munari and Evenhuis 2011-

1 Ma Ha Ma Oa Ma Mi Ka, Oa Oa Oa Oa ?Ha, Ka, Kh, Ma, Oa? Ma, Oa distribution Island

2000 2012 2007 2005 2002 1998 1982 2008 2013 1958 ? 1981 detected Year 1st Year Munari, 2002 Martin, 1971 (Horn, 1870) Mäklin, 1867 Marseul, 1876 (Hendel, 1913) (Thomson, 1878) (Loew, 1869) (Loew,

Tethina albula Tethina Lepidocnemeplatia sericea 1943 Sabrosky, Loewimyia ? bifurcata Ulus hirsutus Champion, 1885 Menephilus arciscelis Menephilus arciscelis sp. A A Liriomyza sp. Dasyrhicnoessa fulva Dasyrhicnoessa

Stethotrypes raffrayi cultellatum Strongylium Asilidae mexicanae Leptopteromyia sp. A sp. Lyphia Asteiidae

Canacidae clandestina Dasyrhicnoessa INSECTA: DIPTERA DIPTERA INSECTA: Agromyzidae

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table 33 +

+ + sp.; NSR . 2013 + Apedilum Citation and notes Wolff et al. 2002; Howarth 2012 Wolff Howarth and Preston 2007; NIR Howarth and Preston 2007; Grogan et al. 2017 Howarth and Oishi 2013 Howarth and Preston 2007 Wolff et al. 2002- as Wolff Munari and Evenhuis 2011 F. chrysolopha Howarth and Preston 2007 as F. Grogan et al 1911); (Kieffer, Wolff et al. 2002 Wolff Kumashiro et al. 2002 Howarth et al. 2012; NIR Howarth and Preston 2007; NIR Wolff et al.2002 Wolff Wolff et al. 2002 Wolff

1 distribution Ka, Ma, Oa, Island Ma, Oa Ha, Ma, Oa Ma, Oa Ma Oa La, Oa Ma, Oa Oa Oa Ma, Oa Ha, Ma, Oa Oa Oa detected 1999 Year 1st Year 2000 2006 2006 2006 1999 1932 2000 1999 1991 2006 2006 1999 1999 Santos Abreu, 1918 Santos Ingram & Macfie, 1924 Felt, 1911 Edwards, 1922 (Kieffer, 1916) (Kieffer,

Townes, 1945 Townes,

(Coquillett, 1901)

sp. A sp. (Loew, 1865) (Loew, levis sp. A sp. cf. quasiingrami Macfie, 1939 sp. A sp. Culicoides jamaicensis biannulata Forcipomyia Forcipomyia pulcherrima Forcipomyia Forcipomyia Forcipomyia Parakiefferiella Eukiefferiella sp. A sp. Chironomus

Kiefferulus longilobus

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table pallipes Tethina Chironomidae Ablabesmyia Apedilum elachistus

Cecidomyiidae Mycodiplosis fungicola sp. A Paratanytarsus sp. Ceratopogonidae Atrichopogon 34

not established + Citation and notes Wolff et al. 2002 Wolff Furumizo et al. 2005- Single specimen, Evenhuis and Bickel 2012 Kumashiro et al. 2002 Evenhuis 2015 Evenhuis and Bickel 2012 Larish and Savage 2005; Magnacca 2015; NIR Leblanc et al. 2009 O’Grady 2002 Leblanc et al. 2009 Leblanc et al. 2009 O’Grady 2002 Leblanc et al. 2009 O’Grady 2002; Leblanc et al. 2009

1 distribution Island Oa Oa Oa Oa Oa Ka Ha, Ka, Ma, Oa Oa Ha, Ma, Mo Oa Ha, Ma Ma, Oa Ha Ha, Mo, Oa detected Year 1st Year 1999 2003 2008 1998 1998 2011 2004 2007 1995 2008 2005 1969 2005 1976 (Wheeler, 1959) (Wheeler, (Say)

(Scopoli, 1763)

(Theobald, 1901) sp. A sp. (Linnaeus, 1758)

Anopheles punctipennis Becker, 1932 Sympycnus turbidus Becker, sp. nr. unicolorata sp. nr. Hirtodrosophila sp. A A sp. Mycodrosophila Stegana coleoptrata

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Stempellinella Dolichopodidae Duzee, 1930) Achradocera shannoni (Van Chloropidae Oscinella frit van Duzee Chrysotus crosbyi Culicidae Aedes japonicus

Drosophilidae A Amiota sp. Patterson & Wheeler, 1942 Wheeler, carbonaria Patterson & Drosophila Drosophila nasutoides Okada, 1964 Drosophila

sp. A sp. Scaptodrosophila

35 . 2009 Coenosia humilis , 2013 2013 2013; voucher Citation and notes O’Grady 2002; Leblanc et al Krushelnycky et al. Okadome 2002 Howarth and Preston 2002 Gruner 2004- apparently undescribed Kumashiro et al. 2002 Krushelnycky et al. specimens were not compared between Coenosiinae Genus sp. and therefore we list both records. Krushelnycky et al. Howarth and Preston 2002; see Coenosia humilis Howarth and Preston 2006

1 distribution Island Ha, Ma, Ha Mo, Oa Ma Ma Ha, Mo Ha Ha Ha Ma Ma detected Year 1st Year 1978 2002 Pre 2002 1999 1996 1992 2002 2002 1999 2000

Okadome, 1967

Loew, 1861 Loew,

sp. A sp. Tephrochlamys japonica Tephrochlamys (Alexander, 1972) trukensis (Alexander, nr. A Libnotes sp.

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Collart, 1937 Zaprionus ghesquierei Ephydridae Philygria debilis Heleomyzidae Limoniidae A Dicranomyia sp.

” s.l. sp. A “ Limonia ” s.l. sp. Lonchaeidae A Silba sp. Muscidae Coenosia humilis Meigen, 1826 Coenosiinae: Undetermined genus? sp. A Coenosiinae: Undetermined genus? sp. Mycetophilidae Sciophila 36 + . 2002 Citation and notes Kumashiro et al. 2002- apparently undescribed Howarth and Preston 2007 Kumashiro et al. 2002- apparently undescribed HDOA 2010; Evenhuis 2015 HDOA Kumashiro et al. 2002- apparently undescribed Howarth and Preston 2007- suturalis not Nephrotoma Kumashiro et al. 2002 Evenhuis 2016 Kumashiro et al. 2002 Heu et al HDOA 2008; Nagamine and Garcia 2011 HDOA HDOA 2007; NIR HDOA

1 distribution Island Ma Ma Ha, Ka Oa Oa Ma Oa Oa Oa Ha, Ka, Ha, Oa Ma, Oa Ha, Ma, Oa detected Year 1st Year 1991 2006 1992 2008 1996 2006 1998 2014 1993 2002 2006 2006 (Back, 1912)

Bondar, 1923 Bondar, (Takahashi, 1932) (Takahashi, Cockerell 1896

sp.1 Aleurotrachelus Aleurotrachelus sp.2 Aleurotrachelus Aleurotrachelus trachoides Aleurotrachelus Aleurodicus dugesii Aleurodicus Aleuroglandulus subtilis Aleuroglandulus Aleurotrachelus atratus Hempel, 1922 Aleurotrachelus

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Sciaridae A Hyperplasion sp.

Syrphidae Ocyptamus dimidiatus (Fabricius, 1781) sp.3 Aleurotrachelus Tipulidae A Undetermined genus sp.

Xylomyidae A Solva sp. INSECTA: HEMIPTERA INSECTA: Aleyrodidae jasmini Aleuroclava

37 + . sp. A; Hodges D . sp.

+ Citation and notes Lattin 2007; Pluot-Sigwalt et al. 2009 Kumashiro and Martin 2004 pers. comm.; 2008 Evans 2008; HDOA Kumashiro et al. 2002- as and Dooley 2007 Lattin 2005; 2007 HDOA 2004; Dooley 2006 HDOA HDOA 2005; NIR HDOA Kumashiro et al. 2002 Beardsley and Uchida 2002 as Psyllidae Brenner and Lattin 2001- Single collection, but likely established Kumashiro et al. 2002 as Psyllidae Lattin 2005 HDOA 2001; Nagamine and Heu 2001 HDOA Messing et al., 2006; Foottit al. 2012

1

Oa distribution Island Oa Oa Oa Ha, Oa Ha, Oa Ka Ha Ma Ha Ha, Ma, Oa Ka, Ma, Mo, Oa r 2003 detected Year 1st Year 1988/1991 1920 2003 2003 1990 1993 ~2000 1993 1971 2001 1965 2004 Moore, 1964 Taylor, 1985 Taylor, (Haldeman, 1850) Streito & Matocq 2009 (White, 1879) (Maskell, 1890) (Reuter, 1875) (Reuter, (Dufour, 1833) (Dufour, Paraleyrodes bondari Peracchi, 1971 Paraleyrodes Hodges & Dooley, 2007 schefflerae Hodges & Dooley, Dialeurodes Xylocoris flavipes (Back, 1912) cardini Metaleurodicus Trialeurodes abutiloneus Trialeurodes Buchananiella continua Dufouriellus ater Montandoniola confusa

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Paraleyrodes minei Iaccarino, 1990 Paraleyrodes Aphalaridae Blastopsylla occidentalis

Anthocoridae Ctenarytaina eucalypti

Glycaspis brimblecombei

Aphididae (Thomas, 1878) Aphis coreopsidis

38

. 2012 E. Citation and notes Foottit et al. 2012 Kumashiro et al. 2002; Foottit al Foottit et al. 2012- previously treated as junior syn. of A. citricola Foottit et al. 2012- Single collection, established? Kumashiro et al. 2002 Fullaway, 1910; Messing et al. 2012 Fullaway, Foottit et al. 2012; Messing 2012 Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012- Single collection, established? Foottit et al. 2012- previously misidentified Messing et al. 2006 (referred to as fimbriata ); Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012 Nagamine and Garcia 2012 Messing et al., 2006; Foottit al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012 Messing et al., 2006; Foottit al. 2012

1 distribution Island Ka, Oa Ka, Oa Ha, Ka, Ma, Mo, Ha Oa Oa Ha, Ma, Oa Ha, Ka, Ma Ka, Ma, Mo Oa Ha, Ka Ma, Oa Ma Ka Oa Ha, Ma, Oa Ha, Ka Ha, Ka, Ma, Mo, O detected Year 1st Year 1994 1997 1939 2003 1993 1909 2000 2003 2003 1942 2003 2009 2011 2003 2003 1975 Ossiannilsson, 1959 (Mason, 1940) group (Theobald, 1923) (Passerini, 1860) (Boisduval, 1867) Takahashi, 1921 Takahashi, Patch, 1914 van der Goot, 1917 Aphis eugeniae Aphis sedi Kaltenbach, 1848 Aphis spiraecola (Takahashi, 1921) Capitophorus formosartemisiae (Takahashi, (Walker, 1852) Capitophorus hippophaes (Walker, Cerataphis lataniae Tissot, 1939 Tissot, Cinara watsoni Coloradoa campestrella Dysaphis foeniculus Ericaphis scammelli Glyphinaphis bambusae van der Goot, 1917 Greenidea ficicola Greenidea Hyadaphis foeniculi (Theobald, 1915) carduellinus Hyperomyzus

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table

(Buckton, 1881) Cinara cupressi

Hyadaphis coriandri (Das, 1918)

39 Pentalonia 2012 et al. Pemphigus sp.; . , 2006; Foottit et al. 2012 Citation and notes Foottit et al. 2012- Single collection, established? Foottit et al. 2012 - Single collection, established? Foottit et al. 2012; Previous records of this species (Kirkaldy 1908, Zimmerman 1948b) refer to Sitobion ibarae Messing et al. 2006 Foottit et al. 2012; possibly collected earlier- previous collection identified as may be this species nigronervosa Messing et al. 2006; Foottit 2012 Foottit et al. 2012 – one slide only, established? Foottit et al. 2012 – one slide only, Foottit et al. 2012 Kumashiro et al. 2002- as Foottit et al. 2012; Messing 2012 Foottit et al. 2010; Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012 Messing et al Messing et al., 2006; Foottit al. 2012

1 distribution Island Ma Mo Ka Ka, Ma Ha, Ka, Oa Ka, Oa Ha Ka, Ma Ha, Ma, Oa Ha, Ka, Mo Ma, Mo, Oa Ha, Oa Ha, Ka, Ma Ha, Ka, Ma, Mo, Oa detected Year 1st Year 1965 2005 2004 2003 1983 2003 1938 1939 1990 1939 2005 1948 2003 2003 (Knowlton, 1938) (Essig, 1935) Takahashi, 1921 Takahashi, (Takahashi, 1937) (Takahashi, (Cowen, 1895) van der Goot, 1917 (Walker, 1848) (Walker, (Hall, 1932) del Guercio, 1905 (Mason, 1925) Illinoia borealis Illinoia goldamaryae (Walker, 1849) (Walker, Metopolophium dirhodum Pentalonia caladii Sipha elegans Sitobion fragariae

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table

(Linnaeus, 1758) rosae Macrosiphum

1925) group katoi (Takahashi, Micromyzus Myzus hemerocallis Nearctaphis bakeri Nearctaphis Neotoxoptera oliveri Riley, 1879 Pemphigus populitransversus Riley,

Sitobion anselliae

Sitobion phyllanthi

40 (Say) Vinsonia Homalodisca coagulata + + (Westwood); Peronti et al. 2008- (Westwood); - Single collection? + + + + Citation and notes HDOA 2006 HDOA Kumashiro et al. 2002- as NSR NSR stellifera name change; NIR Kumashiro et al. 2002 NSR Heu et al. 2004b- as Foottit et al. 2012- Single collection, established? NSR Smith et al. 2002 Ceroplastes rusci 2010- as Ceroplastes HDOA (Linnaeus); NIR

1 , Oa distribution Island Oa Ha, Oa Ha, Ma, Oa Ka Ha Ha Oa Ma Oa Ha, Ma Ha, Oa detected Year 1st Year 2005 1998 2011 2009 1997 2013 2004 2003 2001 2007 2008 (Vallot, 1829) (Vallot, Ball, 1927 1821 Germar, (Essig, 1917) Hall, 1931 1871) (Westwood, Brain, 1920

sp. A sp. Takecallis arundinariae Takecallis stellifer Ceroplastes Pulvinariella mesembryanthemi Homalodisca vitripennis Draeculacephala portola Macrosteles sp. nr . severini Hamilton, 1983 Macrosteles eugineae Ceroplastes

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Carsidaridae Mesohomotoma hibisci (Froggatt, 1901) Coreidae Acanthocoris

Cicadellidae (Thomas, 1878) erigeronense Uroleucon

Asterolecaniidae Planchonia stentae Coccidae 41 + + + + + + + Species identified and NIR Citation and notes Kumashiro et al. 2002; NIR A; Howarth and Preston 2002 as Genus? sp. Garcia 2011a Beardsley 2002 2007 HDOA 2006 Conant et al. 2005; HDOA Single collection, possibly not established Kumashiro et al. 2002 NSR Matsunaga 2013a Kumashiro et al. 2002 Kumashiro et al. 2002- apparently undescribed Kumashiro et al. 2002; NIR HDOA 2010; Garcia 2011b; NIR 2010; Garcia 2011b; HDOA HDOA 2006; NIR HDOA

1

distribution Island Ha, Ka, Ha, Ka, Ma, Oa Oa Oa Ma Ha Ma, Oa Oa Oa Ma, Oa Oa Ma, Oa Ha, Ka, Oa Ha Ha, Ka, Ha, Ka, Ma, Ha, La, Oa detected Year 1st Year 1997 1982 2009 1994 <2000 2005 2009 1993 2011 2012 1998 1998 1997 2004 2004 Williams, 1973 Williams, (Green, 1896) (Targioni-Tozzetti, 1886) (Targioni-Tozzetti, (Newstead, 1894) (Say, 1825) (Say, (Cockerell, 1893) (Fabricius, 1794) Physomerus grossipes Pangaeus bilineatus Aspidiella sacchari Green, 1900 Fiorinia proboscidaria Pseudaulacaspis brimblecombei Andaspis numerata Brimblecombe, 1959 Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Odonaspis sp. Pseudaonidia trilobitiformis

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Cydnidae (Horváth, 1919) biimpressus Fromundus Aonidiella orientalis Eriococcidae 1973 Williams, Eriococcus ironsidei Diaspididae 1897) Odonaspis saccharicaulis (Zehntner, Takagi, 1977 Takagi, Aulacaspis yasumatsui

Fiorinia phantasma Cockerell & Robinson, 1915

42 Reuter + . 2012 2006; HDOA 2007; . 2006; HDOA

+ + + Citation and notes Johnson pers. comm. 2015; NSR Golden and Follett 2006 Henry 2017 Johnson 2016 Formerly Psyllidae Conant et al Ex. Citrus sp. Garcia 2013 HDOA 2001- as Halticus tibialis HDOA Howarth et al NSR Matsunaga 2016; NIR NSR

1 Ha, La, distribution Island Ha Ha Mo, Oa Ha Ma, Oa Ma, Mo, Oa Ha, Ka, La, Ha Oa Ka, Oa Ma, Oa Oa Ha, Ka, Ma, Oa r detected Year 1st Year 2012 2004 2011 2011 2006 2011 2012 2000? 2006 2002 2014 2003 Kondo & Gullan, 2007 Cassis, 1995 Henry, 2017 Henry, (Reuter, 1885) (Reuter, Goding, 1892 Stal, 1860 Hempel, 1900 Kuwayama, 1908

Diaphorina citri Nezara viridula f. aurantiaca Costa, 1884 calvertae Rubrocuneocoris Paratachardina pseudolobata Paratachardina Microtechnites minutus Microtechnites (Burmeister, 1835) Bagrada hilaris (Burmeister,

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table ovatus Tectococcus Liviidae Polymerus testaceipes

Undetermined genus sp. A [of T.J. Henry] T.J. [of A Undetermined genus sp. Kerriidae Miridae Nabidae A Stenonabis sp. Membracidae Stictopelta marmorata Kundakimuka queenslandica Pentatomidae 43 + 2002

+

+ , cryptus aurantiacus and P. Near P. + + Kumashiro et al. 2002; NIR Citation and notes possibly undescribed. P. hybneri Howarth and Preston 2007- as P. (Gmelin); NIR Howarth and Preston 2002 Conant 2013 NSR Miller and Giliomee 2011 HDOA 2007 HDOA HDOA 2007 HDOA Heu et al. 2004a; HDOA 2005 Heu et al. 2004a; HDOA Kumashiro et al. Rung et al. 2008 Beardsley 1986 NSR

1

Ma, Oa Ma Ha, Ma distribution Island Oa Ha Ma Ha Oa Ha, Ka, La, Ma, Oa Ma, Oa Ha, Oa Mo, Oa Ha, Oa 2006 1999 1997 detected Year 1st Year 2013 2011 2009 2006 2005 2004 1996 2005 1984 2010 (Tinsley, 1898) (Tinsley, (DeLotto, 1977)

(Montrouzier, 1865) (Montrouzier, Borchsenius, 1947

(Maskell, 1897) (Miyatake, 1964) Montandon, 1893 Cacopsylla tobirae (McKenzie, 1960) brevicruris Vryburgia Rhizoecus americanus (Hambleton, 1946) Granara de Willink, 1981 Willink, Hypogeococcus pungens Granara de Williams & Williams Paracoccus marginatus Phenacoccus solenopsis Pseudococcus elisae sp. A Pseudococcus sp. Delottococcus confusus

Piezodorus oceanicus Reduviidae Sinea rileyi Pseudococcidae Ferris, 1953 Antonina pretiosa TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Psyllidae

Rhizoecidae

Granara de Willink, 1992 Willink, Granara de Planococcus minor

44 Ficus ; + E. ? haitiensis ; NSR r n. sp.; Beardsley and Rasplus 2001

+ + + Kumashiro et al. 2002; Culliney 2003 Citation and notes Follet et al. 2015 Culliney et al. 2003; now established Kumashiro et al. 2002; Culliney 2003 NSR Miller and Nagamine 2005 HDOA 2008 HDOA Kumashiro et al. 2002 Lai et al. 1982 as Polaszek et al. 2004 Beardsley and Perreira 2000 as Josephiella NSR Apparently undescribed; stem galler ex. spp.; NSR

1

r r + , Oa , Oa , Mo, , Oa r r r r r Ha distribution Island Ha Ha, Ka, Ha Oa Ha Oa Oa Oa Ha, Ka, Ma, Mo, Oa Ma, Oa Ha, Oa Ha, Ka(?), Ma Ha Mo(?), Oa

; + r r r r 1998 detected Year 1st Year 2009 1990 2001 2012 2006 1992 1998 1979 1989 2008 2012 1998 1992; ) Polaszek, 2004

(Mayr, 1885) (Mayr, Silvestri, 1909 (Fabricius, 1794) Howard, 1895 (Masi, 1910) sp. A [of J.-Y. Rasplus] [of J.-Y. A sp. Encarsia diaspidicola Encarsia luteola Platyscapa quadraticeps (Walker, 1839) (Walker, Encarsia inaron Encarsia lutea Josephiella Encarsia brasiliensis (= hispida ) (Hempel, 1904)

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Rhyparocromidae Horridipamera inconspicua (Dallas, 1852) Tingidae Corythucha gossypii Encarsia dispersa (= haitiensis

HYMENOPTERA INSECTA: Agaonidae Beardsley & Rasplus 2001 Josephiella microcarpae Aphelinidae Encarsia cubensis Gahan, 1931

45 Citation and notes Culliney et al. 2003 Kumashiro et al. 2002 Kumashiro et al. 2002 Arakaki et al. 2001; Howarth and Preston 2007; Magnacca pers. comm. 2018 (visual observations only) Updated to current name; Howarth and Preston Ashmead 2002- as G. cf. columbianus Howarth and Preston 2002 Howarth and Preston 2002 Howarth and Preston 2002 Howarth and Preston 2002 Gruner 2004 Howarth and Preston 2002 Howarth and Preston 2002 Howarth and Preston 2007; et al. 2012

1

r , Oa r distribution Island Ha Ha Ha Ha, Oa, Ma, Mo Ma Ma Ma Ma Ma Ha Ma Ma Ma

r detected Year 1st Year 1998 1992 1993 1984 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 1997 2000 2000 2006 Ashmead, 1887 Dozier, 1937 Dozier,

Viggiani, 1982 Viggiani,

sp. A A sp.

(Say, 1836) carpatus (Say, sp. nr. Goniozus cf. foveolatus Encarsia mineoi Encarsia nigricephala (Silvestri, 1927) Encarsia strenua Ceratina smaragdula (Fabricius, 1787) Apanteles sp. A Ascogaster sp. Glyptapanteles sp. A sp. Heterospilus sp. A sp. Leiophron

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table

Apidae Bethylidae Braconidae

sp. A sp. Phanerotoma sp. B Phanerotoma Chalcididae A sp. Dirhinus 46 P. ; not P.

+ + ; NSR 2014 ; ex. Cacopsylla tobirae + Citation and notes blastopsyllae Daane et al. 2005; NIR Magnacca et al. 2013- possible rediscovery Bautista et al. Gruner 2004 HDOA 2009 HDOA HDOA 2006 HDOA Magnacca et al. 2013- single specimen, possible interception? C. sp. not vittatus HDOA 2007; ex. Hypogeococcus pungens HDOA NSR Magnacca et al. 2011; Magnacca et al. 2011; Magnacca and King 2013; 2015 Nagamine and Heu 2000; HDOA 2001 Nagamine and Heu 2000; HDOA Beardsley and Triapitsyn 2002 Triapitsyn Beardsley and Matsunaga 2014- Parentheses were placed were around authors in error

1

+ distribution Island Oa Ha, Ka, Ha Ma, Oa Ha, Ma, Oa Ha, Ma Oa Oa Oa Oa Ka, Oa Ha, Ka, Oa Ma, Mo, Oa Oa Ma, Oa

r detected Year 1st Year 1994 1997 2007 2002 2012 2001 2006 2017 2007 2010 2000 1999 2012 2006 (Morawitz, 1871) [of HDOA, 2007] Noyes, 1988 Riek, 1962 (Dozier, 1933) (Dozier,

Logvinovskaya, 1983 sp. A sp.

Psyllaephagus pilosus Aleuroctonus vittatus Aleuroctonus sp. A [of La Salle] A sp. Cirrospilus sp. #3 Aprostocetus Aroplectrus dimerus Lin, 1963 Aroplectrus Anagyrus agraensis Saraswat, 1975 Psyllaephagus bliteus

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Colletidae Hylaeus ( ) leptocephalus

A Asecodes sp. Eulophidae ) sp. Hylaeus ( Prosopisteron

Psyllaephagus (Cameron, 1897) Hylaeus strenuus

Encyrtidae Ageniaspis citricola

Diaphorencyrtus aligharensis aligharensis Diaphorencyrtus Shafee, Alam, & Agarwal, 1975 Alam, & Shafee, 47 + +

+ + (Ashmead, 1888) ; NSR 2005b Citation and notes ? C. sp. not utahensis ; NSR Howarth et al. 2012 2008 HDOA HDOA 2009 HDOA Heu et al. Howarth and Preston 2002 Howarth and Preston 2002 Matsunaga 2014 Howarth et al. 2012 Not O. maskelli, possibly not O. eucalypti Starr and Starr 2011 & Antweb 2017 as & Starr and 2011 Monomorium bicolor complex Howarth and Preston 2007- possibly Z. multilineatum Gumovsky and Ramadan 2011 HDOA 2006; NIR HDOA

1 distribution Island Ma Ma Ha Ha, Ka, Ha, Ka, Ma Ma Ma, Mo, Oa Oa Ma, Mo, Oa Ma Ma Ha, Ka, Kh, Ma, Mo, Ma Ma, Oa Ma+, Oa

r detected Year 1st Year 2005 2000 2005 2005 2000 1999 2012 2000 2005 - 2006 2006 2001 2008

Schauff, 2000 Schauff,

Gates & Delvare, 2008 Gumovsky & Ramadan, 2011

sp. A sp.

sp. A Elasmus sp. A Horismenus sp. Monomorium indicum Forel, 1902 Quadrastichus erythrinae Kim, 2004 Elasmus sp. B sp. A Eurytoma sp. sp. A [of La Salle] A Ophelimus sp. Monomorium dichroum Forel, 1902 Monomorium dichroum Zagrammosoma Entedon erythrinae Eurytoma erythrinae Epichrysocharis burwelli

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table [of La Salle] A sp. ? Closterocerus

1922) sp. prob. radiata (Waterston, Tamarixia

Formicidae

Eurytomidae

48

+ T. bicarinatum T. Citation and notes Heu and Chun 2000; Gruner et al. 2003; 2017 AntWeb Pheidole moerens in Gruner et al. 2003, As Pheidole moerens Starr and 2013; NIR Buczkowski and Krushelnycky 2012 HDOA 2008 HDOA Bolton 2007; Antweb 2017; Bolton 2007; Starr and 2012 Antweb 2017 Bolton 2007; Antweb 2017 Bolton 2007; Bolton 1997; Antweb 2017 Bolton 1997; Kumashiro et al. 2002; Previously misidentified as HDOA 2010a HDOA Magnacca et al. 2013 Magnacca et al. 2013 Howarth and Preston 2002- not H. femoralis

1 Ha, Mo, Oa distribution Island Ha, Ma, Oa Ma Oa Ka, Ko, Ma, Mo, Oa Oa Ha, Ka, Ma, Ha, Ka, Mo, Oa Ha Ma, Oa Oa Ha, Mo, Oa Oa Ma 2000 detected Year 1st Year 2000 2009 2005 1994? - - - 1993 2008 2005 2010 2000 (Ellis, 1914)

Gibbs, 2010 ) imbrex microlepoides ) microlepoides Mann, 1921 Forel, 1892 Smith, 1876

(Smith, 1858)

Forel, 1901

(Say, 1836) sessile (Say, Tapinoma Technomyrmex difficilis Technomyrmex Solenopsis sp. HI01 Technomyrmex pallipes Technomyrmex (Roger, 1857) caldarium (Roger, Tetramorium (F. Smith, 1861) insolens (F. Tetramorium Mayr, 1870 lanuginosum Mayr, Tetramorium

Solenopsis globularia TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Pheidole navigans

Technomyrmex vitiensis Technomyrmex

Halictidae Lasioglossum ( Dialictus Lasioglossum ( Dialictus Ichneumonidae A Hypsicera sp.

49 + Citation and notes Howarth and Preston 2002- not H. femoralis 2006 HDOA Kaufman et al. 2008 Howarth and Preston 2002 Cappadonna et al. 2009 Gruner 2004 Howarth and Preston 2002 Howarth Preston 2006 Howarth and Preston 2007- not L. affinis HDOA 2005 HDOA Magnacca et al. 2013; Howarth and Preston 2002 Magnacca 2015; NIR

1

distribution Island Ma Oa Ha, Ka, Ma Ha, Ma, Oa Ha Ma, Oa Ma Ma Ma Oa Ka, Ma, Ma Mo, Oa detected Year 1st Year 2000 2004 1998? 2000 2006 1998 2000 2000 2000 2005 2008 2000

(Gravenhorst, 1829) (Yoshimoto & Ishii, 1965) (Yoshimoto (Cameron, 1897)

(Fabricius, 1775)

Hypsicera sp. B sp. A Gonatocerus sp. Aphanomerus rufescens Perkins, 1905 sp. A Leucospis sp.

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Mymaridae Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault, 1915 aitkeni nr. Triclistus flavolineatus Woldstedtius Platygastridae Cremastini Genus? sp. [of Howarth and Preston, 2002] Pteromalidae Callocleonymus swezeyi Leucospidae Idioporus affinis LaSalle & Polaszek, 1997 Megachilidae Megachile lanata sp. A sp. Pachyneuron

50 + + + HDOA 2007; Established? HDOA Citation and notes Carpenter 2008 Specimens previously misidentified Kumashiro et al. 2002 Gruner 2004 HDOA 2004; NIR HDOA HDOA 2005; Heu et al. 2005a HDOA Howarth and Preston 2007 Gruner 2004- single specimen, established? Wright and Stouthamer 2011 Wright Nishida and Beardsley 2002

+ 1

Oa distribution Island Ha, Ku, Mi, Oa Ha, Mo Ma, Oa Ha, Ka, Ha, Ka, Ma Ma, Oa Ha Ka, Oa Mi (Ha, Ma, Oa)

detected Year 1st Year 1905 1986 1995 2001 2003 2006 1997 2011 1998 2006

(de Saussure, 1855)

(Stol, 1781) Radoszkowski, 1887 (Christ, 1791)

Ithome lassula Hodges, 1961 sp. A sp. Trimorus

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table A sp. Zolotarewskya Polistes jokahamae Cosmopterygidae

INSECTA: LEPIDOPTERA INSECTA: Choreutidae A sp. Choreutis Crambidae Diaphania nitidalis Scelionidae A Baeus sp.

Trichogrammatidae achaeae Nagaraja & Nagarkatti, 1970 Trichogramma Vespidae fulvipes Parancistrocerus Polistes dominula 51

+ 2011 2011 + et al. + Citation and notes . sp. nr. schinella Markin 2001- as C . sp. nr. Davis (Walsingham); Nagamine and Heu 2000; HDOA 2001 Nagamine and Heu 2000; HDOA NSR Howarth and Preston 2002; Confirmed M.G. Pogue, 6.V.2013 Conant et al. 2001; HDOA 2003 Conant et al. 2001; HDOA Haines et al. 2011 Howarth and Preston 2002- as Gelechiidae Snyder et al. 2008; NIR Howarth and Preston 2002 Pending identification; NSR

1

r

, Ma r r Ha, Ka, distribution Island Ma, Oa Ha Ha Ha, Ma, Oa Ma, Mo, Oa Ka, Ma, Oa Ma Ha, Ka, Oa Ma, Oa Oa –1994 r r 2000 detected Year 1st Year 1996 2001 1991 2009 2000 2008 2013 1976 2007 ) sp. A A ) sp. Bremer & Gray, 1853 Bremer & Gray, Walsingham, 1908 Walsingham, Stainton, 1856 (Butler, 1878) (Butler, (Moore, 1887) (Butler, 1880) (Butler, Phyllocnistis citrella Oraesia excavata Zizina otis (Fabricius, 1787) Secusio extensa Scopula personata (Prout, 1913)

Gracillariidae Caloptilia coruscans TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Erebidae Autostichidae Autosticha Undetermined genus (nr. Noctuidae Ctenoplusia albostriata Limacodidae Darna pallivitta

Lycaenidae Geometridae Howarth] [of F.G. A Undetermined genus sp. 52 + +

Otte et al. 2003; NIR Citation and notes Howarth and Preston 2002 -as unknown Crambid; Howarth et al. 2012 Prestes 2014 Kumashiro et al. 2002; Rubinoff et al. 2015 Rubinoff Howarth and Preston 2002 Howarth and Preston 2002 HDOA 2005; NIR HDOA Tauber and Tauber 2011- single specimen, 2011- Tauber and Tauber established? Otte et al. 2003

1

+ distribution Island Ha, Ma Ha, La, Ma Ha, Ka, Ha, Ka, Ko, Ma, Oa Ma, Mo, Oa Ma, Oa Ka, Ma, Oa Oa Ma Ha, Oa detected Year 1st Year 1998 2006 1998 2013 2000 2004 2007 2002 2002

Winterton, 1995 Winterton, (Fabricius, 1794) Otte, Shaw & Carvalho, 2003 (Boisduval, 1836) (Cramer, 1779) (Cramer, Otte, Shaw & Carvalho, 2003 Abaeis nicippe Phoebis agarithe Mallada albofacialis Anele ulia

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Feltia subterranea Pyralidae 1863) (Walker, Loryma cf. recusata Sphingidae (Swinhoe, 1892) Hippotion rosetta Pieridae

Tineidae Genus sp. [of Howarth and Preston, 2002] INSECTA: NEUROPTERA INSECTA: Chrysopidae ORTHOPTERA INSECTA: Gryllidae Nanixipha nahoa 53 2013 2007 2007 2007 2007 Kumashiro et al. 2002 Citation and notes Kumashiro et al. 2002- as Heteronemiidae; sp.; Leiner 2013 Necrosia Krushelnycky et al. Howarth and Preston 2006 Gruner 2004 Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al.

1 Ha distribution Island Ha, Ka, Oa Ha Ma Ha Ma Ma Ma Ma 1997 detected Year 1st Year 1994 2002 2003 1997 2002–2003 2002–2003 2002–2003 2002–2003

(Banks, 1903) Badonnel, 1945 Badonnel, 1931

(Stephens, 1836) (Westwood, 1859) (Westwood,

sp. A sp.

Stenocaecilius

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table sp. Trigonidium PHASMATODEA INSECTA: Diapheromeridae Sipyloidea sipylus PSOCOPTERA INSECTA: Archipsocidae A sp. Archipsocus Ectopsocidae Ectopsocus briggsi McLachlan, 1899 Caeciliidae Ectopsocus californicus Ectopsocus vachoni Elipsocidae Elipsocus hyalinus Lachesillidae Lachesilla tectorum 54 2013 2007 2007 2013 Citation and notes Krushelnycky et al. Krushelnycky et al. Mockford & Krushelnycky 2008 Mockford & Krushelnycky 2008 Howarth and Preston 2012 Howarth and Preston 2012 Krushelnycky et al. Gruner 2004- same as H . sp. B? . sp. A? Howarth and Preston 2012- same as H . sp. Krushelnycky et al. Mound et al. 2017 Mound et al. 2017

1 distribution Island Ha Ma Ha Ha Ma Ma Ma Mo Ma Ha Ha Ha detected Year 1st Year 2005 2002–2003 2002 2002 2006 2003 2002–2003 1997 2000 2002 2016 2016 Badonnel, 1931 Mound & Marullo, 1996 (Ribaga, 1905) Thornton & New ? Sommerman, 1957

sp. A sp. Liposcelis bostrychophila Aaroniella Haplophallus talilus sp. A Haplophallus sp. Adraneothrips alajuela

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Lepidopsocidae kelloggi Pteroxanium Liposcelidae Liposcelis deltachi Liposcelis rufa Broadhead, 1950 Myopsocidae A Myopsocus sp. Philotarsidae

Haplophallus sp. B Pseudocaeciliidae A sp. Austropsocus

INSECTA: THYSANOPTERA INSECTA: Phlaeothripidae Adraneothrips russatus (Haga, 1973) 55 2007 2007; Mound et al. 2017

Citation and notes Boyd and Held 2006 Mound et al. 2017 Mound et al. 2017 Held and Boyd 2008; Mound et al. 2017 Mound and Matsunaga 2017 Krushelnycky et al. Mound 2017 Conant et al. 2009; HDOA 2010a Conant et al. 2009; HDOA Mound and Okajima 2015; et al. 2017 Mound et al. 2017 Mound et al. 2017 Mound et al. 2017 Mound et al. 2016 Bianchi 1981 Krushelnycky et al. Mound et al. 2017 HDOA 2009; Hollingsworth et al. 2012 HDOA

1 distribution Island Oa Ha Ha Ha, Oa Ha Ma Ma, Oa Ha Ha, Ka, Oa Ha, Oa Ha Ha Ha Oa Ha, Ma Ha, Oa Ha detected Year 1st Year 2006 2016 2016 2003 2011 2002–2003 2016 2009 2010 2016 2016 2016 2010 1980 2002–2003 2016 2007 (Priesner, 1923) (Priesner, (Morgan, 1913) (Morgan,

Mound & Okajima, 2015 (Zimmerman, 1900)

Karney, 1926 ramachandrai Karney, Androthrips Gynaikothrips uzeli Klambothrips myopori Mound & Morris, 2007 Dolichothrips franae sp. A sp. Plectrothrips Baileyothrips arizonensis 1836 manicatus Haliday, Chirothrips Coremothrips pallidus Hood, 1925 Coremothrips Dichromothrips smithi Zimmermann, 1900 Dichromothrips

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Azaleothrips siamensis Okajima, 1978 Mound & Walker, 1982 Walker, Cartomothrips neboissi Mound &

Karny, 1913 Karny, Haplothrips kurdjumovi sp. A sp. Hoplandrothrips Hoplothrips magnaccai Mound, 2017

sp. A Pygothrips sp. Sophiothrips annulatus Okajima, 1994 Thripidae Anisopilothrips venustulus

56

+ 2007 Thrips imaginis Bagnall, + + Citation and notes HDOA 2007; Mound et al. 2017 HDOA Kumashiro et al. 2002 Krushelnycky et al. Flint et al. 2003 Species is established, but first record of the “invasive greenhouse strain” HDOA 2007; Mound et al. 2016; HDOA Mound et al. 2017 Kumashiro et al. 2002 Misidentified as 2007; Mound et al. 2017 1926 in HDOA NSR (Priesner, 1938); Mound et al. 2016 (Priesner, sp. nr. leeuweni Hollingsworth 2003- as Thrips sp. nr. HDOA 2008 HDOA NSR

1

distribution Island Ha, Oa Ma Ha, Ma, Oa Ma, Mo, Oa Ha, Ma Ha, Oa Ha Ma Oa Ha Ha, Oa Oa detected Year 1st Year 1998 2002–2003 2001 2001 2006 1998 2010 2003 2009 2000 2006 2010

(Pergande, 1895) (Pergande, Mound & Marullo, 1996 (D.L. Crawford, 1910) (Bagnall, 1919) (Bagnall, 1916) Nakahara, 1997 (Hood, 1918) Mosely, 1937 Mosely, Mound & Masumoto 2005 Frankliniella crotolariae Pezothrips kellyanus Scirtothrips perseae Frankliniella occidentalis Thrips maculicollis Thrips safrus sp. A (of Nakahara) A Holothrips sp. (Karny, 1922) Thrips parvispinus (Karny,

TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Frankliniella cephalica TRICHOPTERA INSECTA: Hydroptilidae icona Hydroptila

Hercinothrips bicinctus Hercinothrips

“invasive greenhouse/glasshouse strain”

Lepismatidae Lepisma saccharina Linnaeus, 1758 INSECTA: THYSANURA INSECTA: 57 Citation and notes Bonato et al. 2004 Howarth and Shelley 2010 Barton and Riley 2004- parasite of toads

1 Ha, Oa Oa Oa distribution Island 1964 2008 <2004 detected Year 1st Year

(Pocock, 1895) Gedoelst, 1921 CHILOPODA: GEOPHILOMORPHA Oa=Oahu Ne=Necker, Mo=Molokai, Mi=Midway, Ma=Maui, Ln=Lanai, Ku=Kure, Kh=Kahoolawe, Ka=Kauai, Ha=Hawaii, distribution: Island = 1 + = Indicates accompanying text in Collection Data and New Record Summaries section r = Biological control release. NIR New Island Record. NSR State Record Mecistocephalidae Attems, 1929 javanicus Tygarrup DIPLOPODA: POLYDESMIDA Paradoxosomatidae Helicorthomorpha holstii CRUSTACEA: MAXILLOPODA: PENTASTOMIDA: MAXILLOPODA: PENTASTOMIDA: CRUSTACEA: Raillietiellidae Raillietiella indica TAXON Table 1 . New records of immigrant terrestrial arthropods post–Nishida 2002 (continued). Table 58

Reference/Notes Beatty et al.2008 Misidentified; Beatty et al.2008 Nishida 2002- Unk.; Proszynski 2002- Est. Ha; Howarth et al. 2012- Est. Ma 2012 Young Arango & Slipinski & Escalona 2013 Merrett 2004 Beatty et al.2008 Bonaldo 2000 Ramírez 2014 (Simon, 1893) (Blackwall, 1852) (Fabricius, 1775) Walkenaer, 1837 Walkenaer, Current name/Status Current Delete tarsalis (Banks, 1904) Habronattus Moved into Ptinidae Rhytiphora bankii Artema atlanta Modisimus culicinus Corinnidae Trachelidae (Simon, 1886) Meriola arcifera Creugas gulosus Thorell, 1878 Creugas tenuis Tenuiphantes

(Fuesslins, 1775) (Simon, 1893) (Blackwall, 1852) (Simon, 1888)

Pholcus phalangioides ? tarsalis (Banks, 1904) Habronattus Walkenaer, 183 Walkenaer, Artema mauritiana Hedypsilus culicinus Corinna cetrata (Simon, 1886) Meriola arcifera

Salticidae COLEOPTERA INSECTA: Anobiidae Cerambycidae bankii (Fabricius, 1775) Prosoplus Pholcidae Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002. Table Name in Nishida 2002 ARANEAE ARACHNIDA: Clubionidae + Indicates accompanying text in Collection Data and New Record Summaries section Est. = Established, adventive; End. Endemic; Ind. Indigenous; Unk. Unknown establishment Clubionidae Linyphiidae Lepthyphantes tenuis 59 Reference/Notes Bouchard et al. 2011 “ “ “ “ “ “ “ Ewing 2004 “ “ “ Bouchard et al. 2011 “ Johnson 2002 Sharp, 1890 oblongus (Fleutiaux, 1934) Current name/Status Current Cosmopolites Dioclandra Dryophthorus Myocalandra Polytus Rhabdoscelus Scyphophorus Dryophthoridae Sitophilus Sphenophorus Stenommatus Brachyceridae Stenopelmus Adelocera Stelidota chontalensis Ohira & Becker, 1978 Ohira & Becker, beardsleyi

sp. [of Beardsley et al., 1992]

Dioclandra Dryophthorus Rhabdoscelus Scyphophorus Sitophilus Sphenophorus Stenommatus Stenopelmus Brachylacon Stelidota

Cosmopolites Myocalandra Polytus Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 The species in the following genera listed Nishida 2002 have been separated from Curculionidae to Dryophthoridae. Curculionidae Curculionidae Elateridae Nitidulidae 60 Forero 2008 Forero 2008 Dubey et al. 2010 Evans 2008 De Barro et al. 2005; Evans 2008 Evenhuis 2004 Evenhuis 2004 Munari and Evenhuis 2011 Reference/Notes Leblanc et al. 2009 Dominiak 2012- Synonymy, End. to Dominiak 2012- Synonymy, species; Borkent 2013 Adv. Nishida 2002- Not Est.; Leblanc et al. 2009- Est. Ha, Ma

Ulidiidae HEMIPTERA HEMIPTERA Canacidae HEMIPTERA Takahashi, 1933 Takahashi, Limoniidae Takada, 1970 Takada, Zilahi-Sebess, 1936 (Gennadius, 1889) Current name/Status Current Split into suborders Auchenorrhyncha and Split into suborders Sternorrhyncha within order Asiothrixus antidesmae minuta (Singh, 1933) Minutaleyrodes Bemisia tabaci Moved to suborder within Moved to subfamily within Subfamily raised to All Hawaiian species moved to bizonata Kikkawa & Peng Drosophila Scaptomyza elmoi Dasyhelea bifida

Takahashi, 1933 Takahashi,

Borkent, 1997 Bellows & Perring, 1994 Aleurothrixus antidesmae Aleurothrixus minutus (Singh, 1933) Aleurotuberculatus Bemisia argentifolii Dasyhelea excellentis Drosophila bizonata Kikkawa and Peng Drosophila Scaptomyza graminum (Fallén, 1823)

INSECTA: HOMOPTERA INSECTA: Aleyrodidae INSECTA: HETEROPTERA INSECTA: Tethinidae Tipulidae Limoniinae Otitidae Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 DIPTERA INSECTA: Ceratopogonidae Drosophilidae 61 but is + + + was A. spiraecola A. citricola Reference/Notes Martin et al. 2001 Martin 2001 Jensen 2001 Misidentified; Lattin 2005; 2007 (in part) possibly not established Lattin 2007; Pluot-Sigwalt et al. 2009 to Ind. species Adv. Lattin 2007- Lattin 2007 Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012- treated as a senior syn. of now considered a syn. of A. fabae Lattin 2007- Adv. to Ind. species Adv. Lattin 2007- Brenner and Lattin 2001 Lattin 2007 Misidentified; Lattin 2005; 2007 Foottit et al. 2012- Est.?

(in part) (White, 1877) (Fieber, 1837) (Fieber, Lyctocoridae (Morgan, 1893) (Morgan, (White, 1878) Scopoli, 1763 [in part] Current name/Status Current

Martin and Aguiar, 2001 Aguiar, Martin and pseudonaranjae Martin, 2001 Paraleyrodes Singhiella citrifolii Montandoniola confusa mundula Physopleurella Xylocoris galactinus (Sanderson, 1901) Rhodobium porosum aroidephagus Crenidorsum (Stal, 1860) nigronitens = Macrotrachelia Streito and Matocq, 2009 Alofa sodalis constrictus (Stal, 1860) Amphiareus Subfamily raised to = Montandoniola confusa Dysaphis tulipae (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Aphis fabae Champion, 1901 (Walker, 1872) (Walker, (White, 1877) (Morgan, 1893) (Morgan, (Van Duzee, 1914) (Van (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841) Van der Goot, 1912 Van (White, 1878)

Dozier, 1927 naranjae Dozier, Paraleyrodes citrifolii Dialeurodes Alofa sodalis Montandoniola moraguesi (Puton, 1896) Xylocoris discalis (Sanderson, 1901) Acyrthosiphon porosus Anuraphis tulipae sp. [of Nakahara 1985] Crenidorsum mundula Physopleurella Cardiastethus fulvescens Cardiastethus Lyctocorinae thripiformis Macrotrachelia

Anthocoridae Aphididae Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 Aphis citricola 62 was record

Foottit et al. 2012

A. citricola A. spiraecola

treated as a junior syn. of Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012 Messing et al. 2012; Foottit 2012 Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012 Mondor et al. 2007 Messing et al. 2006; Foottit 2012 Blackman and Eastop 2000; Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012- Extripated? Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012- Extripated? Blackman and Eastop 2006; Foottit et al. 2012 Foottit et al. 2012- Unsupported Borchsenius 1960 in Ben-Dov 2006 Foottit et al. 2012- Reference/Notes

(van der Goot, 1917) (Monell, 1882) Patch, 1914 [in part] van der Goot, 1917 1911) (Williams, (Boisduval, 1867) and

Current name/Status Current Bambusaspis bambusae (Boisduval, 1869) Neomyzus circumflexus Buckton, 1876 Neomyzus circumflexus mix of: A C. brasiliensis (Hempel, 1901) C. lataniae 1879) (Westwood, C. orchidearum Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802) psidii Greenidea Lipaphis pseudobrassicae (Davis, 1914) Delete? Reticulaphis distylii Delete? fusiformis Matsumura, 1917 Tetraneura Delete? Unknown, possibly Aphis fabae Cerataphis brasiliensis (Hempel, 1901) Eulachnus rileyi Therioaphis trifolii Aphis spiraecola (Theobald, 1920) (Sasaki, 1899) (Takahashi, 1923) (Takahashi, (Hottes & Frison, 1931) Van der Goot, 1912 Van (Buckton, 1876) Aulacorthum circumflexum 1879) (Westwood, Cerataphis orchidearum Eriosoma lanigera (Hausmann, 1802) formosana (Maki, 1917) Greenidea Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach, 1843) Pleotrichophorus chrysanthemi Reticulaphis distylii fici (Swain, 1918) cupressi Siphonatrophia illini Uroleucon Fabricius (of Kirkaldy, 1909) Aphis papaveris Fabricius (of Kirkaldy, Cerataphis palmae (Ghesquiere, 1934) Eulachnus sp. [of Funasaki, 1975] nigriabdominalis Tetraneura Therioaphis maculata (Buckton, 1899) Aphis citricola

Asterolecaniidae bambusae (Boisduval, 1869) Asterolecanium

Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 63

Reference/Notes Williams and Watson, 1988 Watson, and Williams Nishida 2002- Misspelled; Miller et al. 2015 Signoret, 1869; Miller et al. 2015 Nishida 2002- Misspelled; Miller et al. 2015 Stumpf and Lambdin1999 Stumpf and Lambdin1999 Borchsenius 1960 in Ben-Dov 2006 Stumpf and Lambdin1999 and Hao 1995 Tang 2004 Viraktamath and Webb 1993 Avasthi Kumashiro et al. 2002- Est. Oa; Peronti et al. 2008- new combination Lis 1994 Lis and Zack, 2010

(Cockerell, 1893) (Westwood, 1871) (Westwood, (Matsumura, 1912) Current name/Status Current Andaspis leucophleae Rao in and Ferris, 1952 Carulaspis minima (Signoret, 1869) Chortinaspis subchortina (Laing, 1929) Bambusaspis miliaris (Boisduval, 1869) Bambusaspis miliaris (Boisduval, 1869) Russellaspis pustulans (Cockerell, 1892) Bambusaspis miliaris (Boisduval, 1869) (Russell, 1941) scirrosis Pauroaspis Sophonia orientalis stellifer Ceroplastes Byrsinus varians (Fabricius, 1803) Hemiberlesia palmae Prococcus acutissimus (Green, 1896) Prococcus pygmaeus (Dallas, 1851) Fromundus

Green, 1922 (Cockerell, 1892) (Boisduval, 1869) Rao, 1952 (Kuoh & Kuoh, 1983) (Westwood, 1871) (Westwood, Andaspis leucophloeae 1868) Carulaspis minima (Targioni-Tozzetti, Chortinaspis subcortina (Laing, 1929) Asterolecanium pseudomiliaris Asterolecanium pustulans Asterolecanium Asterolecanium miliaris Asterolecanium Green, 1908 robustum Asterolecanium Russell, 1941 scirrosis Asterolecanium Sophonia rufofascia stellifera Vinsonia Abgrallaspis palmae (Cockerell, 1893) Coccus acutissimus (Green, 1896)

Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 Cicadellidae 1976 Froeschner, shiromai Microporus Diaspididae Coccidae Cydnidae Geotomus pygmaeus (Dallas, 1851) 64

Kozár 2004 Kozár 2004 Reference/Notes Tatarnic and Cassis 2012 Tatarnic and Cassis 2012 Tatarnic Hodgson and Miller 2010 Henry 2008 Adv. Lattin 2007- End. to Hodgson and Foldi 2006, García Morales et al. 2016 Miller et al. 2015 Miller et al. 2015 Deitz and Davidson 1986 Nishida 2002- Unk. Est.; Matsunaga 2013a- Not Est. to Miller et al. 2015

Lindinger, 1905 Lindinger, (Kirkaldy, 1904) (Kirkaldy, (Cockerell, 1894) (Say, 1832) (Say, (Fabricius, 1794) (Newstead, 1901) Current name/Status Current (Morrison, 1952) Insignorthezia insignis (Browne, 1887) Nipponorthezinella guadalcanalia Genus moved to Lyctocoridae campestris Lyctocoris Genus moved to Monophlebidae Lepidosaphes pinnaeformis (Bouche, 1851) Parlatoria pseudaspidiotus Microtechnites chrysolepis Microtechnites Acanthococcus coccineus bractatus Microtechnites Acutaspis aliena Odonaspis saccharicaulis (Zehntner) major (Cockerell, 1894) Rutherfordia Morrison, 1952 (Kirkaldy, 1902) (Kirkaldy, (Maskell, 1898) Cockerell, 1894 Kirkaldy, 1904 Kirkaldy, (Say, 1832) (Say, (Newstead, 1901)

Orthezia insignis Browne, 1887 Halticus chrysolepis Nipponothezia guadalcanalia Lyctocoris hawaiiensis Lyctocoris Icerya Halticus bractatus Lepidosaphes machili Melanaspis aliena (Lindinger, 1905) Genaparlatoria pseudaspidiotus (Lindinger, Eriococcus coccineus Odonaspis saccharicaulis (Zehntner) Pseudaulacaspis major (Cockerell, 1894)

Ortheziidae Anthocoridae Margarodidae Miridae

Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 Eriococcidae

65 Reference/Notes Noyes 2016 Ben-Dov and Cox 1990 1996 Williams Hodgson 2012 “ “ Burckhardt and Ouvraurd 2012 “ “ “ Beardsley and Rasplus 2001 Danforth et al. 2013

Apidae (Bouché, 1837) (Craw, 1891) (Craw, Current name/Status Current Vryburgia amaryllidis Vryburgia Ferrisia malvastra (McDaniel, 1962) Genus moved to Rhizoecidae Genus moved to Rhizoecidae Genus moved to Rhizoecidae Genus moved to Aphalaridae Genus moved to Calophylidae Genus moved to Liviidae Genus moved to Triozidae Josephiella microcarpae Beardsley & Rasplus 2001 Moved to subfamily within Encarsia citrina (Craw, 1891) (Craw,

n. sp. [of Beardsley & Perreira, 2000]

Chorizococcus lounsburyi (Brain, 1912) Williams & Watson, 1988 Watson, & Ferrisia consobrina Williams Geococcus Rhizoecus Ripersiella Leptynoptera Aspidiotiphagus citrinus

Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 Pseudococcidae Psyllidae Blastopsylla Psyllidae Calophya Diaphorina HYMENOPTERA INSECTA: Agaonidae Josephiella Anthophoridae Aphelinidae 66 HDOA 2002; HDOA Reference/Notes Guerrieri and Viggiani 2005 Viggiani Guerrieri and Polaszek et al. 2004; Noyes 2016 Noyes 2016 Gruner 2004- Est. on Ka Misidentification; Culliney et al. 2003; Huang & Polaszek 1998 Noyes 2016 1984; Achterberg Shaw & Huddleston 1991 Culliney et al. 2003- Est. on Ha Gauthier et al. 2000 Schmidt and Polaszek 2007; Noyes 2016 Misidentification- Seifert 2003 Seifert 2003 et al. 2014 Ward

(Girault, 1915) Braconidae Forel, 1899 Eulophidae (Walker, 1847) (Walker, Huang & Polaszek, 1998 Current name/Status Current Encarsia brasiliensis (Hempel, 1904) Tetracnemoidea brevicornis brevicornis Tetracnemoidea Encarsia perplexa Encarsia sophia (Girault & Dodd, 1915) Moved to subfamily within 1834) ambiguus (Haliday, Lysiphlebus Moved to tribe within Cheiloneurus flaccus

Encarsia lounsburyi (Berlese & Paoli 1916) Encarsia dispersa Polazek, 2004 Cardiocondyla minutior Cardiocondyla 1929) obscurior (Wheeler, Cardiocondyla destructor (Jerdon, 1851) Trichomyrmex

(Mayr, 1866) (Mayr, Dozier, 1932 Dozier, Silvestri, 1927 (Timberlake, 1929) (Timberlake, pretiosus Tetracnemoidea Encarsia opulenta Aspidiotiphagus lounsburyi Cardiocondyla nuda Cardiocondyla (Timberlake, 1926) Encarsia transvena (Timberlake, 1834) ambiguus (Haliday, Lysiphlebus Cheiloneurus americanus (Perkins, 1906) (Berlese & Paoli, 1916) Cardiocondyla wroughtoni (Forel, 1890) wroughtoni Cardiocondyla Monomorium destructor (Jerdon, 1851)

Encarsia hispida De Santis, 1948 Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 Formicidae Aphidiidae Braconidae Elasmidae Encyrtidae

Encarsia ? haitiensis

67 Reference/Notes “ “ LaPolla et al. 2010 “ Gruner 2004 Gruner 2004 Gruner 2004 Pohl et al. 2016 Dubious record - No published records or vouchers known Misidentification & synonym- Carpenter 2008 Record based on labeling error- Carpenter 2008 Removed from synonymy/ revised name- Carpenter and Glare 2010 (Emery, 1894) (Emery, (Forel, 1886) (Ashmead, 1900) (Mayr, 1870) (Mayr, Ashmead, 1900 (Walker, 1859) (Walker, Radoszkowski, 1877 (Forel, 1901) Current name/Status Current Syllophopsis sechellensis Nylanderia bourbonica Nylanderia clandestina Nylanderia vaga Genus moved to Platygasteridae Chartocerus dactylopii Signiphora aspidioti Delete Polistes jokahamae Delete alascensis (Packard, 1870) Vespula Elophila obliteralis

Cameron, 1906 (Forel, 1886) (Mayr, 1870) (Mayr, (Fabricius, 1775) (Ashmead, 1900) (Walker, 1859 ) (Walker, (Forel, 1901) Dalla Torre, 1904 Torre, Dalla Paratrechina vaga Paratrechina Emery, 1894 Monomorium sechellense Emery, Paratrechina clandestina Paratrechina Thysanus dactylopii Thysanus aspidioti Ashmead, 1900 Polistes tepidus malayanus vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) Vespula Synclita obliteralis

Paratrechina bourbonica Paratrechina Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 Scelionidae Aphanomerus Signiphoridae Vespidae Polistes carnifex Polistes jadwigae LEPIDOPTERA INSECTA: Crambidae 68

Reference/Notes Lafontaine and Schmidt 2010; Zahiri et al. 2012 “ “ Hodges 1998; Van Nieukerken et al. 2011 Van Hodges 1998; Fibiger and Hacker 2005 Hacker et al. 2002 Mustelin 2006 “ “ “ “ “ “ “ “ (Haworth, 1809) (Grote, 1883) (Hufnagel, 1767)

Current name/Status Current Anomis Antiblemma Ascalapha Anarta trifolii (Smith, 1888) Anarta edwardsii Genus moved to Autostichidae Mythimna unipuncta Athetis Bocana Eublemma Eudocina Hypena Hypocala Melipotis Anarta decepta Erebidae Achaea (Haworth, 1809) Hufnagel, 1767

postica Smith, 1891

Antiblemma Ascalapha Athetis Discestra trifolii Smith, 1888 edwardsi Trichoclea Autosticha Bocana Eublemma Eudocina Hypena Hypocala Melipotis

Anomis Noctuidae Trichoclea Gelechiidae Pseudaletia unipuncta Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 The species in the following genera listed Nishida 2002 have been separated from Noctuidae to Erebidae. Noctuidae Achaea 69

Reference/Notes Bhatti 1990 Zahiri et al. 2012 “ “ “ “ Pohl et al. 2016 “ Kitching 2017a Previously misidentified- Kitching 2017b Mound et al. 2016 Nakahara and Foottit 2012 Nakahara and Foottit 2012 Mound et al. 2016 Mound and Okajima 2015 (Zeller, 1848) (Zeller, (Stainton, 1866) (Uzel, 1895) Current name/Status Current Arorathrips fulvus (Moulton, 1936) Arorathrips Pandesma Polydesma Schrankia Simplicia Aphomia cephalonica Apomyelois ceratoniae Daphnis nerii (Linnaeus, 1758) 1865) (Walker, Psilogramma increta apteris (Daniel, 1904) Apterothrips mexicanus (Crawford, 1909) Arorathrips Genus moved to Phlaeothripidae Dolichothrips indicus (Hood, 1919) Ophiusa Tenothrips frici Tenothrips (Trybom, 1896) (Trybom, (Zeller, 1839) (Zeller, (Stianton, 1866) (Uzel, 1895) (Linnaeus, 1758) Chirothrips fulvus Moulton, 1936 Chirothrips Pandesma 1780) (Cramer, Psilogramma menephron mexicanus Crawford, 1909 Chirothrips Dolichothrips nesius [prob.] Stannard, 1961 Ophiusa

Polydesma Schrankia Simplicia Pyralidae cephalonica Corcyra Ectomyelois ceratoniae Sphingidae Deilephila nerii THYSANOPTERA INSECTA: Thripidae secticornis Apterothrips Ceratothrips frici Dolichothrips Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 70 Reference/Notes Mound 2011 Quarantine interception only Mound and Matsunaga 2017 Mound and Matsunaga 2017 Mound 2017 Mound 2017 Mound 2017 Mound 2017 Mound 2017 Okajima 2006 Flint et al. 2003 Flint et al. 2003 Bonato et al. 2004- Synonymy, Adv.? End. to Ind. or (Banks, 1903) Priesner, 1950 Priesner, (Bagnall, 1910) Bueno-Soria, 1984 Current name/Status Current Delete Haplothrips davisi Bianchi, 1946 Bagnall, 1918 Haplothrips robustus Hoplothrips perkinsi (Bagnall, 1910) Hoplothrips lanaiensis (Bagnall, 1910) Hoplothrips laticornis Hoplothrips perkinsi (Bagnall, 1910) Hoplothrips perkinsi (Bagnall, 1910) Nesothrips minor (Bagnall, 1921) Cheumatosyche analis potosina Hydroptila sydneyensis (Pocock, 1891) Tuoba Scolothrips takahashii

(Banks, 1901) (Bagnall, 1914) Sakimura, 1954 Ross, 1938 pettiti Scolothrips priesneri Priesner, 1933 Haplothrips sesuvii Priesner, Hoplothrips intermedius (Bagnall, 1910) Hoplothrips hawaiensis Moulton, 1936 Hoplothrips mauiensis Moulton, 1928 Hoplothrips nigricans (Bagnall, 1910) Hoplothrips swezeyi Moulton, 1928 Nesothrips brevicollis Cheumatosyche arctia Hydroptila Honuaphilus alohanus Chamberlin, 1926

Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 Trichromothrips oahuensis (Nakahara, 1993) Trichromothrips Phlaeothripidae Haplothrips fissus Bianchi, 1947 TRICHOPTERA INSECTA: Hydropsychidae Hydroptilidae CHILOPODA: GEOPHILOMORPHA Geophilidae 71 Bonato et al. 2004 Bonato et al. 2004- Synonymy Reference/Notes Bonato et al. 2004- Synonymy Bonato et al. 2004

Current name/Status Current Marsikomerus bryanus (Chamberlin, 1953) Marsikomerus bryanus (Chamberlin, 1953) Marsikomerus bryanus (Chamberlin, 1953) Delete

Chamberlin, 1953 Attems, 1938 Marsikomerus pacificus

+ Indicates accompanying text in Collection Data and New Record Summaries section Est. = Established, adventive; End. Endemic; Ind. Indigenous; Unk. Unknown establishment Nyctunguis bryanus Chamberlin, 1926

Schendylidae Marsikomerus lanaius (Chamberlin, 1953) Table 2. Name changes and deletions to the names of alien species listed in Nishida 2002 (continued). Table Name in Nishida 2002 Mecistocephalidae Fusichila waipaheenas