DOCSLIB.ORG

The Effect of Old World Climbing Fern (Lygodium Microphyllum (Cav.) R

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Effect of Old World Climbing Fern (Lygodium Microphyllum (Cav.) R THE EFFECT OF OLD WORLD CLIMBING FERN (LYGODIUM MICROPHYLLUM (CAV.) R. BROWN) ON SOUTH FLORIDA CYPRESS (TAXODIUM DISTICHUM (L.) RICH.) SWAMP PLANT AND INSECT COMMUNITY STRUCTURE By DANIEL WAYNE CLARK A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2002 Copyright 2002 by Daniel Wayne Clark This thesis is respectfully dedicated to my grandparents, Richard and Elizabeth McKenna and Charles and Agnes Clark for their years of selfless love and unwavering support. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Dr. Randall Stocker, who chaired my graduate supervisory committee, directed my research program, and provided me with personal guidance and friendship throughout my graduate program. He was truly a mentor and continues to impress me with his ability to adapt publicly to any audience and end up being the focal individual for relevant information, professionalism and leadership. These people skills combined with his academic expertise continue to make him sought after at local, national and international levels professionally. Dr. Alison Fox served as an Agronomy Department representative to my supervisory committee. She provided much needed technical support, critical review and focus during the scholastic, research and writing phases of my project. I also thank her for her personal friendship and professional guidance. She selflessly made time for unscheduled meetings and was always available for consultation. Her energetic and personable nature facilitated numerous stimulating discussions and empowered me to increase my own scientific and critical thought. Dr. Katie Sieving, an external representative of my committee from the Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Department, imparted to me the sheer fun of being academic. Her infectious personality, high level of professionalism and subject knowledge make her peers and students gravitate toward her. The experience of being affiliated with the Department and her personally have instilled in me a continued desire to look deeply at higher trophic levels in ecology and conservation. iv My final committee member, Dr. Jim Cuda from the Department of Entomology and Nematology, demonstrated to me that hard working individuals ultimately succeed. Dr. Cuda remains at a heightened level of personal involvement with numerous students and projects. His dedication to the field of biological control of invasive plant species is widely recognized and he helped show me the global importance of insects. Additional individuals I am indebted to include Eli Jimenez, Hillary Cherry and Mike Ward from the Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants. They gave freely of their time to assist me in the collection, organization, and analysis of vegetative and insect data. The data collection entailed days of remote work in very harsh environmental conditions. I am grateful for their positive attitudes, ability to work well in groups together, and unending friendship. Dr. Ken Portier from IFAS Statistics and Dr. Andre Khuri from the Statistics Department provided critical guidance and advice on experimental design and statistical analysis of data. Jim Goodwin of the South Florida Water Management District provided consistent field support at the Corkscrew Regional Ecosystem Watershed. Steve and Jackie Smith of the South Florida Water Management District and Florida Department of Environmental Protection, respectively, provided endless logistical and technical assistance driving this research project. They graciously opened their own home for accommodations during field visits, provided professional field assistance on every trip for three years, and much needed humor and friendship during the strenuous data gathering trips. I am grateful to the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council and the South Florida Water Management District for providing funding to accomplish this work. v I finally appreciate and am indebted to my family for their love, support and encouragement during this graduate program. To my loving wife, Kathy, I owe all my success. She has provided the inspiration and means for my attending graduate school and put up with years of field trips, military deployments, insect collections and various scientific contraptions in her home, tuition bills, Power Point presentations in the living room, black light insect collecting in the back yard, and solitude while I was sequestered studying. She is self-sufficient, detail oriented, fun natured, driven by personal excellence and remains always there for me. She will always be my inspiration. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................. iv LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................. ix LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................x ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................... xii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................1 2 EFFECTS OF L. MICROPHYLLUM ON NATIVE PLANT COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SOUTH FLORIDA CYPRESS SWAMP UNDERSTORIES...........5 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 5 Materials and Methods.................................................................................................... 8 Research Sites and Plots .......................................................................................... 8 Statistical Analyses ................................................................................................ 11 Results........................................................................................................................... 12 Plant Coverage ....................................................................................................... 12 Species Richness (S) .............................................................................................. 12 Shannon’s Diversity Index (H) .............................................................................. 13 Discussion..................................................................................................................... 14 3 EFFECTS OF L. MICROPHYLLUM ON INSECT FAMILY COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SOUTH FLORIDA CYPRESS SWAMP UNDERSTORIES.........26 Introduction................................................................................................................... 26 Materials and Methods.................................................................................................. 29 Sampling Sites........................................................................................................ 29 Statistical Analyses ................................................................................................ 29 Townes lightweight Malaise Trap..................................................................30 Heat extraction using a Berlese Funnel array ................................................31 Results........................................................................................................................... 32 Insect Abundance................................................................................................... 33 Family Richness (S) ............................................................................................... 33 Shannon’s Diversity Index (H) .............................................................................. 34 Discussion..................................................................................................................... 34 vii 4 EFFECTS OF L. MICROPHYLLUM ON WILDLIFE UTILIZAION AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN SOUTH FLORIDA CYPRESS SWAMP UNDERSTORIES.........................................................................................................44 Introduction................................................................................................................... 44 Materials and Methods.................................................................................................. 48 Artificial Bird Nest Predation ................................................................................ 49 Giving Up Density (GUD)..................................................................................... 49 Results........................................................................................................................... 50 Artificial Bird Nest Predation ................................................................................ 50 Giving Up Density (GUD)..................................................................................... 51 Discussion..................................................................................................................... 51 5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................56 APPENDIX A PLANT SPECIES RECORDED IN REFERENCE, TREATMENT AND CONTROL PLOTS (ALPHABETICALLY)....................................................................................59 B INSECT FAMILIES COLLECTED IN REFERENCE, TREATMENT AND CONTROL PLOTS (ALPHABETICALLY BY INSECT ORDER)............................64
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Zootaxa,Phylogeny and Higher Classification of the Scale Insects
    Zootaxa 1668: 413–425 (2007) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2007 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Phylogeny and higher classification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)* P.J. GULLAN1 AND L.G. COOK2 1Department of Entomology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] 2School of Integrative Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. Email: [email protected] *In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668, 1–766. Table of contents Abstract . .413 Introduction . .413 A review of archaeococcoid classification and relationships . 416 A review of neococcoid classification and relationships . .420 Future directions . .421 Acknowledgements . .422 References . .422 Abstract The superfamily Coccoidea contains nearly 8000 species of plant-feeding hemipterans comprising up to 32 families divided traditionally into two informal groups, the archaeococcoids and the neococcoids. The neococcoids form a mono- phyletic group supported by both morphological and genetic data. In contrast, the monophyly of the archaeococcoids is uncertain and the higher level ranks within it have been controversial, particularly since the late Professor Jan Koteja introduced his multi-family classification for scale insects in 1974. Recent phylogenetic studies using molecular and morphological data support the recognition of up to 15 extant families of archaeococcoids, including 11 families for the former Margarodidae sensu lato, vindicating Koteja’s views. Archaeococcoids are represented better in the fossil record than neococcoids, and have an adequate record through the Tertiary and Cretaceous but almost no putative coccoid fos- sils are known from earlier.
    [Show full text]
  • Coccidology. the Study of Scale Insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria (E-Journal) Revista Corpoica – Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria (2008) 9(2), 55-61 RevIEW ARTICLE Coccidology. The study of scale insects (Hemiptera: Takumasa Kondo1, Penny J. Gullan2, Douglas J. Williams3 Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) Coccidología. El estudio de insectos ABSTRACT escama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: A brief introduction to the science of coccidology, and a synopsis of the history, Coccoidea) advances and challenges in this field of study are discussed. The changes in coccidology since the publication of the Systema Naturae by Carolus Linnaeus 250 years ago are RESUMEN Se presenta una breve introducción a la briefly reviewed. The economic importance, the phylogenetic relationships and the ciencia de la coccidología y se discute una application of DNA barcoding to scale insect identification are also considered in the sinopsis de la historia, avances y desafíos de discussion section. este campo de estudio. Se hace una breve revisión de los cambios de la coccidología Keywords: Scale, insects, coccidae, DNA, history. desde la publicación de Systema Naturae por Carolus Linnaeus hace 250 años. También se discuten la importancia económica, las INTRODUCTION Sternorrhyncha (Gullan & Martin, 2003). relaciones filogenéticas y la aplicación de These insects are usually less than 5 mm códigos de barras del ADN en la identificación occidology is the branch of in length. Their taxonomy is based mainly de insectos escama. C entomology that deals with the study of on the microscopic cuticular features of hemipterous insects of the superfamily Palabras clave: insectos, escama, coccidae, the adult female.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomina Insecta Nearctica Table of Contents
    5 NOMINA INSECTA NEARCTICA TABLE OF CONTENTS Generic Index: Dermaptera -------------------------------- 73 Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Species Index: Dermaptera --------------------------------- 74 Structure of the Check List --------------------------------- 11 Diplura ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 77 Original Orthography ---------------------------------------- 13 Classification: Diplura --------------------------------------- 79 Species and Genus Group Name Indices ----------------- 13 Alternative Family Names: Diplura ----------------------- 80 Structure of the database ------------------------------------ 14 Statistics: Diplura -------------------------------------------- 80 Ending Date of the List -------------------------------------- 14 Anajapygidae ------------------------------------------------- 80 Methodology and Quality Control ------------------------ 14 Campodeidae -------------------------------------------------- 80 Classification of the Insecta -------------------------------- 16 Japygidae ------------------------------------------------------ 81 Anoplura -------------------------------------------------------------------- 19 Parajapygidae ------------------------------------------------- 81 Classification: Anoplura ------------------------------------ 21 Procampodeidae ---------------------------------------------- 82 Alternative Family Names: Anoplura --------------------- 22 Generic Index: Diplura --------------------------------------
    [Show full text]
  • Song Dissertation
    SYSTEMATICS OF CYRTACANTHACRIDINAE (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDIDAE) WITH A FOCUS ON THE GENUS SCHISTOCERCA STÅL 1873: EVOLUTION OF LOCUST PHASE POLYPHENISM AND STUDY OF INSECT GENITALIA DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Hojun Song, M.S. ***** The Ohio State University 2006 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. John W. Wenzel, Advisor Dr. Norman F. Johnson ______________________________ Dr. Johannes S. H. Klompen Advisor Graduate Program in Entomology Copyright by Hojun Song 2006 ABSTRACT The systematics of Cyrtacanthacridinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is investigated to study the evolution of locust phase polyphenism, biogeography, and the evolution of male genitalia. In Chapter Two, I present a comprehensive taxonomic synopsis of the genus Schistocerca Stål. I review the taxonomic history, include an identification key to species, revise the species concepts of six species and describe a new species. In Chapter Three, I present a morphological phylogeny of Schistocerca, focusing on the biogeography. The phylogeny places the desert locust S. gregaria deep within the New World clade, suggesting that the desert locust originated from the New World. In Chapter Four, I review the systematics of Cyrtacanthacridinae and present a phylogeny based on morphology. Evolution of taxonomically important characters is investigated using a character optimization analysis. The biogeography of the subfamily is also addressed. In Chapter Five, I present a comprehensive review the recent advances in the study of locust phase polyphenism from various disciplines. The review reveals that locust phase polyphenism is a complex phenomenon consisting of numerous density-dependent phenotypically plastic traits.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—An Annotated Inventory Citing Voucher Specimens and Published Records
    Zootaxa 2847: 1–122 (2011) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2011 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) ZOOTAXA 2847 The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—an annotated inventory citing voucher specimens and published records JON H. MARTIN1 & CLIVE S.K. LAU2 1Corresponding author, Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, U.K., e-mail [email protected] 2 Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Cheung Sha Wan Road Government Offices, 303 Cheung Sha Wan Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong, e-mail [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by C. Hodgson: 17 Jan 2011; published: 29 Apr. 2011 JON H. MARTIN & CLIVE S.K. LAU The Hemiptera-Sternorrhyncha (Insecta) of Hong Kong, China—an annotated inventory citing voucher specimens and published records (Zootaxa 2847) 122 pp.; 30 cm. 29 Apr. 2011 ISBN 978-1-86977-705-0 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-86977-706-7 (Online edition) FIRST PUBLISHED IN 2011 BY Magnolia Press P.O. Box 41-383 Auckland 1346 New Zealand e-mail: [email protected] http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ © 2011 Magnolia Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored, transmitted or disseminated, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from the publisher, to whom all requests to reproduce copyright material should be directed in writing. This authorization does not extend to any other kind of copying, by any means, in any form, and for any purpose other than private research use.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Plants Established in the United States That Are Found in Asia and Their Associated Natural Enemies – Volume 2 Fungi Phylum Family Species H
    Phragmites australis Common reed Introduction The genus Phragmites contains 10 species worldwide. Three members of the genus have been reported from China[123]. Species of Phragmites in China Scientific Name P. australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. P. japonica Steud, P. karka (Retz.) Trin. mm long and mostly bear 4-7 florets, therefore favored as cattle and horse which maybe male for the first one feed. As it matures, the lignified plant Taxonomy from the base. The glumes are 3- cannot be used as forage. However, Order: Graminales veined, 3-7 mm long for the first the mature culms can be used for Suborder: Gramineae glume and 5-11 mm for the second construction and paper making[58, Family: Gramineae (Poaceae) glume. The flowers appear from July 123]. Subfamily: Arundioideae to November[58, 68, 81, 84, 87, 123]. Tribe: Arundineae Related Species Subtribe: Arundinae Bews Habitat P. karka (Retz.) Trin. has comparatively Genus: Phragmites Trinius P. australis occurs at the edge of larger panicles and numerous spreading Species: Phragmites australis rivers, lakes, swamps, moist areas, branches. It occurs in Guangdong, (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. [=Phragmites and wetlands at lower elevations[58, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, communis Trin.] 84, 123]. Taiwan and Yunnan provinces[123]. Description Distribution Natural Enemies of Phragmites Phragmites australis is a perennial P. australis has a nationwide distribution Twenty four species of fungi and grass with stoloniferous rhizomes. in China[123]. 117 species of arthropods have been The erect culm reaches a height recorded as associated with the genus of 8 m and a diameter of 1-4 cm.
    [Show full text]
  • Scale Insects of Central Europe Series Entomologica
    SCALE INSECTS OF CENTRAL EUROPE SERIES ENTOMOLOGICA EDITOR K.A. SPENCER VOLUME 41 Scale Insects of Central Europe By M. KOSZTARAB and F. KozAR 1988 DR W. JUNK PUBLISHERS A MEMBER OF THE KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LANCASTER Distributors for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Academic Publishers, P.O. Box 358, Accord Station, Hingham, MA 02018-0358, USA for Hungary, Albania, Bulgaria, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, German Democratic Republic, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mongolia, Poland, Rumania, Soviet Union, Democratic Republic of Vietnam and Yugoslavia: Akademiai Kiad6, P.O. Box 24, H-1363 Budapest, Hungary for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Distribution Center, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Kosztarab, Michael, 1927- Scale insects of Central Europe. (Series entomologica: v. 41) Includes indexes. I.Scale-insects-Central Europe. 2. Insects­ Central Europe. I. Kozar, F. II. Title. III. Series. QL526.4.C36K67 1988 595.7'52 86-27415 ISBN-I3: 978-94-0 I 0-8295-2 e-ISBN-I3: 978-94-009-4045-1 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-4045-1 Book information Joint edition published by: Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, and Akademiai Kiad6, Budapest, Hungary Copyright © 1988 by Akademiai Kiad6, Budapest, Hungary Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 1988 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers.
    [Show full text]
  • App 1 Guide to Scale Insect Families
    Detection and identification of scale insects families (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) Chris Malumphy The Food and Environment Research Agency Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Sand Hutton, York, UK YO41 1LZ DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SCALE INSECTS CONTENTS Page 1. Int roduction 3 1.1 Biology 3 1.2 Dispersal 4 1.3 Economic importance 4 2. Detection of scale insects 5 2. 1 Recognition of scale insect families in the field 8 3. Identification of scale insect families 10 3. 1 Preservation of specimens 10 3. 2 Adult female morphology 14 3. 3 Morph ological key to the scale insect families 14 4. Information sources 20 References 23 © Fera 2015 – Version 1 2 DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF SCALE INSECTS 1. INTRODUCTION Scale insects are plant-sap feeding insects, closely related to the aphids, whiteflies and jumping plant lice or psyllids. They are among the most highly specialised of all plant parasites and feed on all parts of the plant including the roots, stems, leaves, buds and fruit. Some feed within hollow plant stems or plant galls; others mine beneath bark or live within plant tissue. There are about 7,500 species assigned to 1050 genera, in 28 or more families, in the superfamily Coccoidea. The higher classification is unresolved but here they are placed in the suborder Sternorrhyncha in the order Hemiptera. The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will assist workers in the United Kingdom Overseas Territories (UKOTs) to detect and identify scale insects to family level. This is intended to help develop diagnostic capacity within the UKOTs.
    [Show full text]
  • Entomological Society of America Proposal Form for New Common Name Or Change of ESA-Approved Common Name
    3 Park Place, Suite 307 Phone: 301-731-4535 [email protected] Annapolis, MD 21401-3722 USA Fax: 301-731-4538 www.entsoc.org Entomological Society of America Proposal Form for new Common Name or Change of ESA-Approved Common Name Send comments to to Katherine Parys, the committee chair, at [email protected]. 1. Proposed new common name: crapemyrtle bark scale 2. Previously approved common name (if any): None 3. Scientific name (genus, species, author): Acanthococcus (=Eriococcus) lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) Order: Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha) Family: Eriococcidae Supporting Information 4. Reasons supporting the need for the proposed common name: This is a new exotic pest of crapemyrtle, first reported on commercial crapemyrtle plantings in Richardson, TX in 2004. Its identity was initially confused with azalea bark scale due to misidentification by scale experts at the USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory. However this past year genetic evidence by two of our colleagues (Norman Barr USDA/APHIS, and Amber Tripodi USDA/ARS), together with morphological comparisons by taxonomist Greg Evans (USDA/SEL), have shown that this is indeed an exotic species of Acanthococcus previously known from China, India, Japan, Mongolia, South Korea, and the United Kingdom (García et al. 2016, Kwan and Han, 2003). A paper is currently in preparation to present evidence for its identity. It is important to establish a uniform common name for this pest as it becomes more widespread throughout the U.S. It is also important to have a unique common name to distinguish it from the azalea bark scale, Acanthococcus (=Eriococcus) azaleae (Comstock), with which it was initially confused and still continues to be confused.
    [Show full text]
  • ACHILIDAE Synecdoche Costata Van Duzee 1910 (Catonia) Synecdoche Dimidiata Van Duzee 1910 (Catonia) Catonia Dimidata Van Duzee 1917 Missp
    260 NOMINA INSECTA NEARCTICA Synecdoche constellata Ball 1933 (Catonia) ACHILIDAE Synecdoche costata Van Duzee 1910 (Catonia) Synecdoche dimidiata Van Duzee 1910 (Catonia) Catonia dimidata Van Duzee 1917 Missp. Synecdoche flavicosta O'Brien 1971 (Synecdoche) Catonia Uhler 1895 Synecdoche fusca Van Duzee 1908 (Catonia) Cotonia Valdes Ragues 1914 Missp. Synecdoche grisea Van Duzee 1908 (Catonia) Pyren Fennah 1950 Syn. Synecdoche helenae Van Duzee 1918 (Catonia) Synecdoche impunctatus Fitch 1851 (Cixius) Catonia arbutina Ball 1933 (Catonia) Synecdoche irrorata Van Duzee 1914 (Catonia) Catonia bicinctura Van Duzee 1915 (Catonia) Synecdoche necopina Van Duzee 1918 (Catonia) Catonia carolina Metcalf 1923 (Catonia) Synecdoche nemoralis Van Duzee 1916 (Catonia) Catonia cinctifrons Fitch 1856 (Cixius) Catonia memoralis Van Duzee 1917 Missp. Catonia lunata Metcalf 1923 (Catonia) Synecdoche nervata Van Duzee 1910 (Catonia) Catonia nava Say 1830 (Flata) Synecdoche ocellata O'Brien 1971 (Synecdoche) Poeciloptera [sic] naeva Schaum 1850 Missp. Synecdoche pseudonervata O'Brien 1971 (Synecdoche) Poeciloptera [sic] noeva Walker 1851 Missp. Synecdoche rubella Van Duzee 1910 (Catonia) Poeciloptera [sic] nova Smith 1890 Missp. Synecdoche tricolor O'Brien 1971 (Synecdoche) Catonia bifasciata Metcalf 1948 Syn. Catonia picta Van Duzee 1908 (Catonia) Uniptera Ball 1933 Catonia pini Metcalf 1923 (Catonia) Catonia pumila Van Duzee 1908 (Catonia) Uniptera ampliata Ball 1933 (Uniptera) Catonia texana O'Brien 1971 (Catonia) Xerbus O'Brien 1961 Epiptera Metcalf 1922 Xerbus brunella Ball 1933 (Catonia) Epiptera brittoni Metcalf 1923 (Epiptera) Epiptera colorata Van Duzee 1908 (Helicoptera) Epiptera fusca Walker 1851 (Monopsis) Monopsis floridae Walker 1851 Syn. ACLERDIDAE Epiptera fusiformis Van Duzee 1910 (Elidiptera) Epiptera henshawi Van Duzee 1910 (Elidiptera) Epiptera opaca Say 1830 (Flata) Aclerda Signoret 1874 Helicoptera vestita Provancher 1889 Syn.
    [Show full text]
  • A View from Florida Dr
    New Exotic Pest Update A view from Florida Dr. Trevor Smith, Director Division of Plant Industry Division of Plant Industry DPI History Why and Where it All Began Citrus Canker Eradication Force, Meeting 1915 Early Canker Eradication • 1915, canker first field find. • Canker became established in Florida, Georgia, South Carolina and all Gulf States • Approximately 1,000,000 trees were destroyed. • 1933, canker eradicated after 18-year program (1915-1933). Port and Railway Inspection • 1915, port and railway inspection began in Miami and quickly expanded to Pensacola, Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West by 1916 The First Medfly Program Another devastating pest detected Medfly 1929 Medfly 1929 • Before canker eradicated, state nursery inspector found maggots in grapefruit near Orlando • Soon after, excessive fruit drop reported • DPI launched eradication program • Medfly had never been successfully eradicated anywhere in the world, once it had become established Laurel wilt/redbay ambrosia beetle - Duval Co. Tropical Soda Apple, Sudden Oak Death, Central FL Leon Co. Guava FF, Orange & Medfly, Lake Co. Volusia counties Chilean Recluse, Polk Co. Oriental FF, Orange Co. Oriental FF, Hillsborough Co. Medfly, Highlands Co. Medfly, Hillsborough Co. Sm. Hive Beetle, Africanized honey bee, St. Lucie Co. Hillsborough Co. Canker, Manatee Co. Citrus Psyllid, Palm Bch. Co. Medfly, Manatee Co. Red Palm Mite, Pea Leaf Miner, Desoto Co. Palm Bch. Co. Canker, Collier Co. PHM, Dade Co. Mikania micrantha Citrus Greening, Miami-Dace Co. Miami-Dade Co. Port of Key West Canker, Dade Co. EYW Red Palm Mite, Miami-Dade Co. Exotic Whiteflies, Dade Co. Medfly, Dade Co. Giant African Snail, Florida Satellite ImageCotton Seed Oriental Fruit www.mapwise.com Bug, Monroe Co.
    [Show full text]
  • (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago
    Zootaxa 3866 (4): 499–525 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3866.4.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:362D4DC7-7505-42C1-B438-9B195B48125C The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the Maltese Archipelago DAVID MIFSUD1,4, GAETANA MAZZEO2, AGATINO RUSSO2 & GILLIAN W. WATSON3 1Institute of Earth Systems, Division of Rural Sciences and Food Systems, University of Malta, Msida, Malta. E-mail: [email protected] 2Dipartimento di Gestione dei Sistemi agroalimentari e ambientali, University of Catania, Italy. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] 3Plant Pest Diagnostic Center, California Department of Food & Agriculture, Sacramento, California, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] 4Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Past works on scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) from the Maltese Archipelago are reviewed. Based on the literature and contemporary collections, a total of 93 species of scale insects belonging to 12 scale insect families are here reported (Aclerdidae 1 species; Asterolecaniidae 4; Coccidae 17; Diaspididae 46; Eriococcidae 5; Kermesidae 1; Margarodidae 1; Micrococcidae 1; Monophlebidae 2; Pseudoccocidae 11; Putoidae 2 and Rhizoecidae 2). Of these, 17 species represent new distribution records. Ten species are excluded from the scale insect fauna of the Maltese Islands. Of the 93 species present, only 29 (31.18%) are probably indigenous and the rest (68.82%) represent established introductions from else- where. More than 65% of the indigenous species are typical Mediterranean in distribution, with a few species having a mainly European chorotype.
    [Show full text]