Generic Index
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Morphology and Adaptation of Immature Stages of Hemipteran Insects
© 2019 JETIR January 2019, Volume 6, Issue 1 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) Morphology and Adaptation of Immature Stages of Hemipteran Insects Devina Seram and Yendrembam K Devi Assistant Professor, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab Introduction Insect Adaptations An adaptation is an environmental change so an insect can better fit in and have a better chance of living. Insects are modified in many ways according to their environment. Insects can have adapted legs, mouthparts, body shapes, etc. which makes them easier to survive in the environment that they live in and these adaptations also help them get away from predators and other natural enemies. Here are some adaptations in the immature stages of important families of Hemiptera. Hemiptera are hemimetabolous exopterygotes with only egg and nymphal immature stages and are divided into two sub-orders, homoptera and heteroptera. The immature stages of homopteran families include Delphacidae, Fulgoridae, Cercopidae, Cicadidae, Membracidae, Cicadellidae, Psyllidae, Aleyrodidae, Aphididae, Phylloxeridae, Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Diaspididae and heteropteran families Notonectidae, Corixidae, Belastomatidae, Nepidae, Hydrometridae, Gerridae, Veliidae, Cimicidae, Reduviidae, Pentatomidae, Lygaeidae, Coreidae, Tingitidae, Miridae will be discussed. Homopteran families 1. Delphacidae – Eg. plant hoppers They comprise the largest family of plant hoppers and are characterized by the presence of large, flattened spurs at the apex of their hind tibiae. Eggs are deposited inside plant tissues, elliptical in shape, colourless to whitish. Nymphs are similar in appearance to adults except for size, colour, under- developed wing pads and genitalia. 2. Fulgoridae – Eg. lantern bugs They can be recognized with their antennae inserted on the sides & beneath the eyes. -
Insetos Do Brasil
COSTA LIMA INSETOS DO BRASIL 2.º TOMO HEMÍPTEROS ESCOLA NACIONAL DE AGRONOMIA SÉRIE DIDÁTICA N.º 3 - 1940 INSETOS DO BRASIL 2.º TOMO HEMÍPTEROS A. DA COSTA LIMA Professor Catedrático de Entomologia Agrícola da Escola Nacional de Agronomia Ex-Chefe de Laboratório do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz INSETOS DO BRASIL 2.º TOMO CAPÍTULO XXII HEMÍPTEROS ESCOLA NACIONAL DE AGRONOMIA SÉRIE DIDÁTICA N.º 3 - 1940 CONTEUDO CAPÍTULO XXII PÁGINA Ordem HEMÍPTERA ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Superfamília SCUTELLEROIDEA ............................................................................................................ 42 Superfamília COREOIDEA ............................................................................................................................... 79 Super família LYGAEOIDEA ................................................................................................................................. 97 Superfamília THAUMASTOTHERIOIDEA ............................................................................................... 124 Superfamília ARADOIDEA ................................................................................................................................... 125 Superfamília TINGITOIDEA .................................................................................................................................... 132 Superfamília REDUVIOIDEA ........................................................................................................................... -
Ladybirds, Ladybird Beetles, Lady Beetles, Ladybugs of Florida, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae1
Archival copy: for current recommendations see http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu or your local extension office. EENY-170 Ladybirds, Ladybird beetles, Lady Beetles, Ladybugs of Florida, Coleoptera: Coccinellidae1 J. H. Frank R. F. Mizell, III2 Introduction Ladybird is a name that has been used in England for more than 600 years for the European beetle Coccinella septempunctata. As knowledge about insects increased, the name became extended to all its relatives, members of the beetle family Coccinellidae. Of course these insects are not birds, but butterflies are not flies, nor are dragonflies, stoneflies, mayflies, and fireflies, which all are true common names in folklore, not invented names. The lady for whom they were named was "the Virgin Mary," and common names in other European languages have the same association (the German name Marienkafer translates Figure 1. Adult Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus, the to "Marybeetle" or ladybeetle). Prose and poetry sevenspotted lady beetle. Credits: James Castner, University of Florida mention ladybird, perhaps the most familiar in English being the children's rhyme: Now, the word ladybird applies to a whole Ladybird, ladybird, fly away home, family of beetles, Coccinellidae or ladybirds, not just Your house is on fire, your children all gone... Coccinella septempunctata. We can but hope that newspaper writers will desist from generalizing them In the USA, the name ladybird was popularly all as "the ladybird" and thus deluding the public into americanized to ladybug, although these insects are believing that there is only one species. There are beetles (Coleoptera), not bugs (Hemiptera). many species of ladybirds, just as there are of birds, and the word "variety" (frequently use by newspaper 1. -
<I>Tibraca Limbativentris</I> (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology Entomology, Department of 2018 Resistance in Rice to Tibraca limbativentris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Influenced yb Plant Silicon Content Lincoln Luis França University of Goias State, Unidade Universitária de Ipameri, [email protected] Cássio Antonio Dierings Federal Goiano Institute, Campus Urutaí, Rodovia, [email protected] André Cirilo de Sousa Almeida Federal Goiano Institute, Campus Urutaí, Rodovia, [email protected] Marcio da Silva Araújo University of Goias State, Unidade Universitária de Ipameri Elvis Arden Heinrichs University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub Part of the Agriculture Commons, and the Entomology Commons França, Lincoln Luis; Dierings, Cássio Antonio; de Sousa Almeida, André Cirilo; Araújo, Marcio da Silva; Heinrichs, Elvis Arden; da Silva, Anderson Rodrigo; Freitas Barrigossi, José Alexandre; and de Jesus, Flávio Gonçalves, "Resistance in Rice to Tibraca limbativentris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Influenced yb Plant Silicon Content" (2018). Faculty Publications: Department of Entomology. 900. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/entomologyfacpub/900 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications: -
Zootaxa,Phylogeny and Higher Classification of the Scale Insects
Zootaxa 1668: 413–425 (2007) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2007 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Phylogeny and higher classification of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)* P.J. GULLAN1 AND L.G. COOK2 1Department of Entomology, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] 2School of Integrative Biology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. Email: [email protected] *In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668, 1–766. Table of contents Abstract . .413 Introduction . .413 A review of archaeococcoid classification and relationships . 416 A review of neococcoid classification and relationships . .420 Future directions . .421 Acknowledgements . .422 References . .422 Abstract The superfamily Coccoidea contains nearly 8000 species of plant-feeding hemipterans comprising up to 32 families divided traditionally into two informal groups, the archaeococcoids and the neococcoids. The neococcoids form a mono- phyletic group supported by both morphological and genetic data. In contrast, the monophyly of the archaeococcoids is uncertain and the higher level ranks within it have been controversial, particularly since the late Professor Jan Koteja introduced his multi-family classification for scale insects in 1974. Recent phylogenetic studies using molecular and morphological data support the recognition of up to 15 extant families of archaeococcoids, including 11 families for the former Margarodidae sensu lato, vindicating Koteja’s views. Archaeococcoids are represented better in the fossil record than neococcoids, and have an adequate record through the Tertiary and Cretaceous but almost no putative coccoid fos- sils are known from earlier. -
Impact of Imidacloprid and Horticultural Oil on Nonâ•Fitarget
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-2007 Impact of Imidacloprid and Horticultural Oil on Non–target Phytophagous and Transient Canopy Insects Associated with Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrieré, in the Southern Appalachians Carla Irene Dilling University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Dilling, Carla Irene, "Impact of Imidacloprid and Horticultural Oil on Non–target Phytophagous and Transient Canopy Insects Associated with Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrieré, in the Southern Appalachians. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2007. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/120 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Carla Irene Dilling entitled "Impact of Imidacloprid and Horticultural Oil on Non–target Phytophagous and Transient Canopy Insects Associated with Eastern Hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrieré, in the Southern Appalachians." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Entomology and Plant Pathology. Paris L. Lambdin, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Jerome Grant, Nathan Sanders, James Rhea, Nicole Labbé Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. -
The Effect of Old World Climbing Fern (Lygodium Microphyllum (Cav.) R
THE EFFECT OF OLD WORLD CLIMBING FERN (LYGODIUM MICROPHYLLUM (CAV.) R. BROWN) ON SOUTH FLORIDA CYPRESS (TAXODIUM DISTICHUM (L.) RICH.) SWAMP PLANT AND INSECT COMMUNITY STRUCTURE By DANIEL WAYNE CLARK A THESIS PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2002 Copyright 2002 by Daniel Wayne Clark This thesis is respectfully dedicated to my grandparents, Richard and Elizabeth McKenna and Charles and Agnes Clark for their years of selfless love and unwavering support. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Dr. Randall Stocker, who chaired my graduate supervisory committee, directed my research program, and provided me with personal guidance and friendship throughout my graduate program. He was truly a mentor and continues to impress me with his ability to adapt publicly to any audience and end up being the focal individual for relevant information, professionalism and leadership. These people skills combined with his academic expertise continue to make him sought after at local, national and international levels professionally. Dr. Alison Fox served as an Agronomy Department representative to my supervisory committee. She provided much needed technical support, critical review and focus during the scholastic, research and writing phases of my project. I also thank her for her personal friendship and professional guidance. She selflessly made time for unscheduled meetings and was always available for consultation. Her energetic and personable nature facilitated numerous stimulating discussions and empowered me to increase my own scientific and critical thought. Dr. Katie Sieving, an external representative of my committee from the Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Department, imparted to me the sheer fun of being academic. -
Hymenoptera) of Meghalaya with Special Reference to Encyrtidae, Mymaridae and Aphelinidae
Journal of Biological Control, 29(2): 49-61, 2015 Research Article Additions to the Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera) of Meghalaya with special reference to Encyrtidae, Mymaridae and Aphelinidae A. RAMESHKUMAR*, J. POORANI and V. NAVEEN Division of Insect Systematics, ICAR-National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, H. A. Farm post, Bellary road, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560024, Karnataka. *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Encyrtidae, Mymaridae and Aphelinidae were surveyed from Ri-Bhoi, Jaintia hills, East Khasi hills, and West Khasi hills districts of Meghalaya in 2013. New distribution records of 55 genera and 61 species of encyrtids, mymarids aphelinids and eucharitids for Meghalaya state are documented. KEY WORDS: Encyrtidae, Mymaridae, Aphelinidae, distributional records, India, Meghalaya (Article chronicle: Received: 01-06-2015; Revised: 21-06-2015; Accepted: 23-06-2015) INTRODUCTION composite images were obtained from image stacks using Combine ZP. The images were arranged in plates in Adobe Studies on the Chalcidoidea fauna of Meghalaya are Photoshop Elements 11. very limited and the state has not been systematically sur- veyed for encyrtids, mymarids and aphelinids though they RESULTS AND DISCUSSION play an important role in natural and applied biological control. Hayat and his co-workers have contributed to the During the survey, 950 specimens of chalcidoids and known fauna of Meghalaya (Hayat, 1998; Hayat, 2006; Ka- other parasitoids were collected. Twenty two species repre- zmi and Hayat, 2012; Zeya and Hayat, 1995). We surveyed senting 16 genera of mymarids, 30 species representing 28 four districts of Meghalaya in 2013 for Chalcidoidea with genera of encyrtids, 10 genera and 8 species of aphelinids particular reference to Encyrtidae, Aphelinidae and My- and Orasema initiator Kerrich of eucharitid are reported maridae and documented several taxa new to the state. -
San Jose Scale and Its Natural Enemies: Investigating Natural Or Augmented Controls
California Tree Fruit Agreement Research Report 2002 SAN JOSE SCALE AND ITS NATURAL ENEMIES: INVESTIGATING NATURAL OR AUGMENTED CONTROLS Project Leaders: Kent M. Daane Cooperators: Glenn Y. Yokota, Walter J. Bentley, Karen Sime, and Brian Hogg ABSTRACT San Jose scale (SJS) and its natural enemies were studied from 1999 through 2002. Natural populations were followed in stone fruit and almond blocks, with orchard management practices divided into “conventional” and “sustainable” practices, based on dormant and in-season insecticide use. Results generally show higher fruit damage at harvest-time in sustainably managed fields, although, these results are not consistent among orchards and exceptions to this pattern were found. In conventionally managed blocks, later harvest dates resulted in higher SJS fruit damage, although this did not hold true in sustainably managed orchards. Results from SJS pheromone-baited traps show a predominant seasonal pattern of SJS densities progressively increasing and parasitoid (Encarsia perniciosi) densities progressively decreasing. These data are discussed with respect to SJS fruit damage and parasitoid establishment and efficiency. SJS and parasitoid sampling methodology and distribution were investigated. Comparing SJS pheromone trap data to numbers of crawlers on double-sided sticky tape and SJS infested fruit at harvest show a significant correlation between pheromone trap counts of SJS males and numbers of SJS crawlers. Results suggest that there is a small window in the season (April-May) when sticky tape provides important information on crawler abundance and damage. Results show a negative correlation between the early season abundance of Encarsia (as measured by pheromone traps) and SJS damage at harvest. These results suggest that early-season ratios of parasitoid : SJS can not be used to predict fruit damage or biological control (these data require more analysis). -
The Genus Orthezia Bosc (Hemiptera: Ortheziidae) in Turkey, with 2 New Records
Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2015) 39: 160-167 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-1403-9 The genus Orthezia Bosc (Hemiptera: Ortheziidae) in Turkey, with 2 new records 1,2, 2 2 Mehmet Bora KAYDAN *, Zsuzsanna Konczné BENEDICTY , Éva SZITA 1 İmamoğlu Vocational School, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey 2 Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Received: 06.03.2014 Accepted: 26.05.2014 Published Online: 02.01.2015 Printed: 30.01.2015 Abstract: This study aimed to identify the ground ensign scale insects in 5 provinces (Ağrı, Bitlis, Hakkari, Iğdır, and Van) in eastern Anatolia, Turkey. In order to achieve this goal, Ortheziidae species were collected from natural and cultivated plants in the 5 provinces listed above between 2005 and 2008. A total of 3 species were found, among them 2 species (Orthezia maroccana Kozár & Konczné Benedicty and Orthezia yashushii Kuwana) that are new records for the Turkish scale insect fauna. Key words: Coccoidea, Ortheziidae, scale insects, fauna, Turkey 1. Introduction that became adapted to living in the soil developed fossorial- The scale insects, Coccoidea (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha), type legs adapted for digging (1 claw, 1 segmented tarsus, are small, sap-sucking true bugs, sister species to functional tibiotarsal articulation); the females lost their Aphidoidea, Aleyrodoidea, and Psylloidea (Gullan and wings and became paedomorphic, while the males became Martin, 2009). According to Koteja (1974) and Gullan dipterous and polymorphic without functional mouthparts and Cook (2007), the superfamily Coccoidea is divided and with a different life cycle (with prepupal and pupal into 2 major informal groups, namely archaeococcoids stages) (Koteja, 1985). -
A New Pupillarial Scale Insect (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from Angophora in Coastal New South Wales, Australia
Zootaxa 4117 (1): 085–100 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4117.1.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5C240849-6842-44B0-AD9F-DFB25038B675 A new pupillarial scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from Angophora in coastal New South Wales, Australia PENNY J. GULLAN1,3 & DOUGLAS J. WILLIAMS2 1Division of Evolution, Ecology & Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia 2The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences (Entomology), London SW7 5BD, UK 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new scale insect, Aolacoccus angophorae gen. nov. and sp. nov. (Eriococcidae), is described from the bark of Ango- phora (Myrtaceae) growing in the Sydney area of New South Wales, Australia. These insects do not produce honeydew, are not ant-tended and probably feed on cortical parenchyma. The adult female is pupillarial as it is retained within the cuticle of the penultimate (second) instar. The crawlers (mobile first-instar nymphs) emerge via a flap or operculum at the posterior end of the abdomen of the second-instar exuviae. The adult and second-instar females, second-instar male and first-instar nymph, as well as salient features of the apterous adult male, are described and illustrated. The adult female of this new taxon has some morphological similarities to females of the non-pupillarial palm scale Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell (Phoenicococcidae), the pupillarial palm scales (Halimococcidae) and some pupillarial genera of armoured scales (Diaspididae), but is related to other Australian Myrtaceae-feeding eriococcids. -
First Record of Phoenicococcus Marlatti in Greece
ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA Vol. 22, 2013 First record of Phoenicococcus marlatti in Greece Lytra I. Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology and Zoology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece Vasarmidaki M. Municipality of Heraklion, 1 A. Titou, 71202 Heraklion, Greece Papadoulis G. Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology and Zoology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece https://doi.org/10.12681/eh.11528 Copyright © 2017 I. Ch. Lytra, M. E. Vasarmidaki, G. Th. Papadoulis To cite this article: Lytra, I., Vasarmidaki, M., & Papadoulis, G. (2013). First record of Phoenicococcus marlatti in Greece. ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA, 22(2), 43-46. doi:https://doi.org/10.12681/eh.11528 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 28/02/2020 08:10:35 | 43 ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 22 (2013): 43-46 SHORT COMMUNICATION First record of Phoenicococcus marlatti in Greece I. CH. LYTRA1*, M. E. VASARMIDAKI2 AND G. TH. PAPADOULIS1 1Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology and Zoology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece 2Municipality of Heraklion, 1 A. Titou, 71202 Heraklion, Greece ABSTRACT In October 2013, the red date scale Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell (Hemiptera: Phoenicococcidae) has been recorded for the first time in Greece. Adult females were collected from the base of fronds of date palm from the Crete Island. Information on the species morphology, biology and distribution is presented. KEY WORDS: first record, Phoenicococcus, red date scale. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is and South America (Miller et al. 2007). It is found in Mediterranean countries, Africa, probably found wherever date palm is part of Asia, North America and Australia.