Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 329 ARTHROPODS ASSOCIATED

Home , Acutaspis, Araecerus, Cerconota, Cerconota anonella, Ceresa, Cocytius

ARTHROPODS ASSOCIATED WITH ANNONA SPP. IN THE NEOTROPICS

J. E. PEÑA1 AND F. D. BENNETT2 1University of Florida, Tropical Research and Education Center, 18905 S.W. 280th Street, Homestead, FL 33031

2University of Florida, Department of Entomology and Nematology, 970 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611

ABSTRACT

Two hundred and ninety-six species of arthropods are associated with Annona spp. The genus Bephratelloides (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) and the species Cerconota anonella (Sepp) (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) are the most serious pests of Annona spp. Host plant and distribution are given for each pest species.

Key Words: Annona, arthropods, Insecta.

RESUMEN

Doscientas noventa y seis especies de arthrópodos están asociadas con Annona spp. en el Neotrópico. De las especies mencionadas, el género Bephratelloides (Hyme- noptera: Eurytomidae) y la especie Cerconota anonella (Sepp) (Lepidoptera: Oecopho- ridae) sobresalen como las plagas mas importantes de Annona spp. Se mencionan las plantas hospederas y la distribución de cada especie.

The genus Annona is conﬁned almost entirely to tropical and subtropical America and the Caribbean region (Safford 1914). Edible species include Annona muricata L. (soursop), A. squamosa L. (sugar apple), A. cherimola Mill. (cherimoya), and A. reticulata L. (custard apple). Each geographical region has its own distinctive pest fauna, composed of indigenous and introduced species (Bennett & Alam 1985, Brathwaite et al. 1986, Brunner et al. 1975, D’Araujo et al. 1968, Medina-Gaud et al. 1989, Peña et al. 1984, Posada 1989, Venturi 1966). These reports place emphasis on the broader as- pects of pest species. Some recent regional reviews of the status of important pests and their control have been published in Puerto Rico, U.S.A., Colombia, Venezuela, the Caribbean Region and Chile (Medina-Gaud et al. 1989, Bustillo & Peña 1992, Peña et al. 1984, Gutierrez & Trochez 1977, Venturi 1966, Anonymous 1989). There is no contemporary published summary of Neotropical arthropods of Annona spp.. This list is offered as a contribution to an understanding of the arthropod fauna of An- nona spp. in the Neotropics. In the following checklist, distributional information is given for each arthropod. The checklist was compiled from collections of arthropods by the authors in Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil, and Dominican Republic, by summarizing the reports from several publications (Venturi 1966, Gutierrez & Trochez 1977, Medina-Gaud et al. 1989, Marin 1973, D’Araujo et al. 1968, Bennett & Alam 1985, Alata 1973, Anguita 1990,

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330 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995

Brussel & Wiedjk 1975, Deckle 1965, Fennah 1937, Grissell & Schauff 1990, Hamon & Williams 1984, Kimball 1965, Mound & Halsey 1978, Peña et al. 1984, Russell 1948, Hill 1975, Ebeling 1959) and by obtaining information from the collection of arthropods in Florida, USA, Honduras and Mexico and collections in Ecuador and Co- lombia by the authors. The ﬁrst column of the checklist refers to the Annona species. Arthropod order, family, genus and species are listed and the arthropod distribution by country based on Annona spp. records is given. The versions of the scientiﬁc names used in this text may not be the same as those used in the references.

DISCUSSION

The arthropod families most frequently observed on Annona spp. were Coccidae (Homoptera), Noctuidae, Oecophoridae (Lepidoptera), Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera) and Nitidulidae (Coleoptera). The most common arthropod species in the different neotropical countries are Bephratelloides cubensis, B. pomorum, Cerconota anonella, Parasaissetia nigra, Saissetia coffeae, S. oleae and Cocytius antaeus. The first three species are considered key pests of Annona spp. They are stenophagous, multivoltine Annona seed and fruit feeders. Bephratelloides cubensis has been reported from the USA, Caribbean Region, Central America and northern South America, whereas B. pomorum is listed from Central and South America. Biology and habits of Bephratel- loides spp. have been provided by Brunner & Acuña (1967), Peña et al. (1984) and Nadel & Peña (1991). Cerconota anonella has been reported from tropical America and the Caribbean Region. Information on its biology, morphology and control is provided by Bustillo & Peña (1992). The last two genera are secondary pests of Annona spp. Saissetia spp. are polyphagous, leaf and branch feeders. C. anteus is a stenophagous species collected from the USA, the Caribbean and northern South America. Species of the family Nitidulidae were collected from flowers and decaying fruits. Nit- idulids are considered important pollinators of Annona spp. (Gazit et al. 1982, Podoler et al. 1985, Nagel et al. 1985). This preliminary list of the arthropod fauna of Annona in the Neotropics points out that, although the distributions and relationships of the Annona are still poorly known, Annona spp. host a complex number of species throughout the Neotropical area. Since Annona spp. are mostly confined to the Neo- tropics, we would expect a lower number of stenophagous species in those areas where Annona was introduced (i.e., Asia, Australia).

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank R. Baranowski, D. Habeck and H. Frank (University of Florida, Gaines- ville), J. Heppner, M. C. Thomas, F. Mead, L. Stange and H. Denmark (Florida Dept. Agric., Gainesville) and R. Cave and L. Tejada for information on the insect collections of Florida, Honduras and Mexico, and M. Jordan for information of Annona insects in Chile. We thank D. Habeck, Guy Hallman and an anonymous reviewer for critically reviewing this manuscript. This work was funded by C.B.A.G. grant 86/CRS/2/2845 from USDA Tropical/Subtropical Agricultural Grants. Florida Agricultural Experi- mental Station Journal Series R-03643.

Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 331 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = A. glabra A. spinescens . Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = EGION (Bouche) 13,11 R (Giard) 8 A. diversifolia (Morgan) 1 A. selvatica (Holmgren) 21 (Dallas) 17,2 (Say) 17 (Lich) 17 ARIBBEAN (De Geer) 2 Moulton 13 C Stal 17 Maldonado 21 L.; 13 = Mart.; 5 = Lindeman 11 sp. 17 THE (L.) 2 sp. 3

sp. 9 sp 8 Sakimura 1 AND

A. reticulata A. crassifolia Neotermes Nasutitermes costalis Liothrips anonae Frankliniella bispinosa kelliae F. Heliothrips haemorrhoidales Selenothrips rubrocinctus Thrips tabaci Oecanthus niveus Leptoglossus zonatus L. phyllopus Madura perﬁda Sphictyrtus chrysis Cyrtomenus Neopamera bilobata Hyaloides mani Monalonium Phytocoris MERICAS Mart.; 4 = A THE

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = IN . A. coriaceae SPP

A. purpurea Mill.; 3 = NNONA A

L.; 11 = L.; 11 OF

A. cherimola A. palustris PESTS

spp.; 2 = L.; 10 = . Annona ARTHROPOD

OF A. muricata

spp. 1 = IST A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. L Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE 2 2 9 162 9 Thripidae Cydnidae 9 16 A. squamosa montana Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad Annona 15 Isoptera15 Kalotermitidae 9 Miridae 9 Termitidae 1,2 1 Orthoptera Gryllidae 9 15 Thysanoptera Phlaeothripidae 92 Hemiptera Coreidae Lygaeidae T 332 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = (Back) 10,18 ARIBBEAN C A. diversifolia Ashby 18,21,22 (L.) 2,8,17 A. selvatica (Walker) 13 (F.) 8 (F.) 17,18,21 THE

Ballou 17 (Curtis) 13 (Stal) 13 (Drake & Hambleton) 13 L.; 13 = AND Drury 7 Mart.; 5 = Stal 17

Stal 17 Russell 1 Quaintance & Baker 6,13,16 sp. 2 Cockerell 23 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Antiteuchus tripterus Edessa vinula Loxa ﬂavicollis Mecistorhinus amplus Dysdercus fernaldi Sinea coronata Corythucha gossypii Corythucha Idiostyla anonae morio Teleonemia Aethalium reticulatum Aleurodicus cocois A. dugesii A. dispersus A. neglectus Aleurocanthus woglomi Aleurotrachelus trachoides

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 1,159 Pentatomidae 9 15 9,1121 Pyrrhocoridae Reduviidae Tingidae 9 3 3 1,2,91,9,151 15 12,15 Homoptera2,9,12,15 2,12 Aetalionidae Aleyrodidae T Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 333 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = (F.) 17 ARIBBEAN (Cockerell) 13,18,21 (Thomas) 8 (Signoret) 13 Costa Lima 13 C A. diversifolia (Quaintance) 9,4 (Maskell) 11,13 (Quantance & Baker) 8,13,16 A. selvatica THE

(Kirkaldy) 8 (Foyer de Fonscolombe) 13,17,21 spp. 8 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

Van de Groot Van 21 sp. 23 Patch 17,8 (Cockerell) 8,23 sp. 2 (Glover) 1,8,10 sp. 2 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Aleurotrachelus Aleurothrixus ﬂoccosus Ceraleurodicus moreirai Lecanoideus giganteus L. mirabilis Metaleurodicus lacerdae Tetraleurodes ﬂoridensis Trialeurodes Aphis citricola A. gossypii A. spiraecola Macrosiphum euphorbiae Toxoptera aurantii Toxoptera citricida Toxoptera Toxoptera Asterolecanium pustulans Clastoptera Erthrogonia quadriguttata

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 1 1,12 15 1,2 15 13 9 5,15 91,2,16 Aphididae 1,9 1,15 8,9 1 9 1,3,1599 Asterolencanidae Cercopidae Cicadellidae T 334 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = (Cockerell) 1,8 ARIBBEAN (Signoret) 1 Nakahara & Gill 1,21 Green 13 (Bouché) 10 C A. diversifolia (Fowler) 17 A. selvatica THE (Nietner) 3,8,13,17,18,21

Cockerell 13 Comstock 1 Maskell 1 (Douglas) 1,8,9 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

L. 1 Hempel 13 Comstock 1,13 sp. 17 sp. 13 Van Duzee Van 17 (Green) 1 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Graphocephala propior G. spinosa Oncometopia Ceroplastes actiniformis C. cirripediformis C. deodorensis C. ﬂoridensis Ceroplastes Coccus longulus C. viridis C. hesperidum Eucalymnatus tessellatus Parasaissetia nigra Parthenolecanium corni Philephedra tuberculosa Platingisia noacki Protopulvinaria pyriformis Pulvinaria psidii

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 9 9 9 1515 1,15 Coccidae 8,15 15 8,9,12,14,15 8,12 15 2,9,12 1,2,8,9,11,15 2 9,15,16 15 12,15 9 T Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 335 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = L. 13,21 ARIBBEAN (Cockerell) 13 (Signoret) 1 C A. diversifolia A. selvatica (Doane & Hadden) 13 (Cockerell) 10 Signoret 1,8,13 THE

(Maskell) 13,21 (Westwood) 17 Cockerell 10 Hempel 13 L.; 13 = (Morgan) 13,18 AND Mart.; 5 =

(Newstead) 1 McKenzie 13,21 sp. 13 Cockerell 1 (Walker) 3,8,13,17,18,21 (Olivier) 1,21,17 Bouché 1,11 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE P. urbicola P. Saissetia anonae S. coffeae S. oleae stellifera Vinsonia Conchaspis agreci Abgrallaspis cyanophylli Acutaspis scutiformis Aonidiella aurantii A. comperei A. orientalis Aspidiotus destructor A. nerii A. similimus translucens Aspidiotus Chrysomphalum aonidum C. dictyospermi Clavaspis herculeana

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 15 1,15 1,6,9,11,12,15 9 9 22,52 Conchaspididae Diaspididae 1,9 9 1,5,6,12 1,2,9,12 2,12 15 15 1,9 1,9 1 T 336 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = (Green) 8,13 ARIBBEAN (Merill) 1 Ferris 8 Cockerell 1,18 C A. diversifolia Ferris 1 (Signoret) 13,8 A. selvatica Signoret 1,10 (Signoret) 8,13 (Comstock) 21 (Hempel) 13 THE (Newman) 10

(Marlatt) 1 (Comstock) 1 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

sp. 2 (Comstock) 1 (Cooley) 1,8,13,21,27 Hempel 13 sp. 2 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Hemiberlesia lataniae Howardia biclavis Ischnaspis longirostris Lepidosaphes beckii Lepidosaphes Lindisgaspis ﬂoridana Melanaspis paulista M. mimosae Mycetaspis personata Palinaspis quohogiformis Pinnaspis aspidistrae strachani P. Pinnaspis Pseudalacaspis acephala sordida P. Pseudadonidia trilobitiformis Pseudischnaspis bowreyi Radionaspis indica

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 2,9,12 1 1 2 9 9 1 15 9 12 1,15 1,9,15 9 1 1,15 1 8,6 9 T Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 337 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = (Fairmoire) 13 Mart.; 14 = ARIBBEAN (Morgan) 1,17,18,21 C A. diversifolia Stal 17 A. selvatica (Stol) 17 Fowler 8 Walker 8 THE

(F.) 8 Fowler 8 Riley & Howard 8 (Fabricius) 17 Riley & Howard 8 L.; 13 = Maskell 10,11 AND Mart.; 5 =

(Fabricius) 17 (Comstock) 3,10 Germar 13 sp. 2 sp. 2,3,8,17 sp. 8 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Selenaspidus articulatus Unaspis citri Poekiloptera Crypticerya rosae Icerya purchasi I. montserratensis Aconophora concolor A. pugionata Aconophora Boethoos reticulata Bolbonata insignis Campylenchia hastata Ceresa vitulus Cyphonia clavata Enchenopa lanceolata Encophyllum quinquemaculata Erechtia Gerridius scutellatus

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 1,2,9 2,9 91 Flatidae Margarodidae 2 1 19 1,2,9 1 1 2,9,11 2 2 2 1 1 Membracidae 1 T 338 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = Goding 8 (Fowler) 17 Germar 8 ARIBBEAN C Fowler 17 A. diversifolia A. selvatica (Cockerell) 13 noreriana THE

(Fairmont) 17 (Maskell) 13,18,21 Browne 2,13,17 (F.) 8 (Risso) 1,7,8,13 (Cockerell) 8,13 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

sp. 8 (Cockerell) 2,17 Guerin 3,8 spp. 8 sp. near Beingolea 10 De Geer 13 (Richter) 8,13,17 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Guayaquila Holophorium Horiola picta Membracis albolimbata M. arcuata M. foliata M. mexicana Metcalﬁella monogramma Scictopelta acutula involuta Tragopa laeta segmentata Vanduzea Orthezia insignis O. olivicola Dysmicoccus brevipes Ferrisia virgata Nipaecoccus nipae Nipaecoccus Planococcus citri

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 1 1 1,2,9,11,15 15 1,9 9 2,9,11 1 9 1,2,9 9 1,92 151,15 9,15 Ortheziidae Pseudococcidae 1 1,9,15,16 T Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 339 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = ARIBBEAN Hempel 13 (Maskell) 11 C A. diversifolia A. selvatica (Geyer) 13 (Stoll) 13 THE

(Plotz) 13 (Hubner) 13 (F.) 13 (Cramer) 13 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

Doubleday 8,13,17 spp. 17 (Targioni) 11,13,21 spp. 1,8,12,13 (Ehrhorn) 2,9 sp. 8,9,10,17 Cramer 13 Mabille 13 (Stoll) 13 Cramer 13 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Pseudococcus calceolaria longispinus P. maritimus P. Pseudococcus Pseudotectococcus anonae Phyllocnistis Bungalotis fulvius Camptopleura Discophellus ramusis D. sebaldus Milanion hemes M. leucaspis Paraminus scurra Pythonides herennius Thracides scipio Thecla ducalis T. irtyginus T. ortygunus T.

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 2 1,2,9 2 1,9,16 1 21 Lepidoptera Gracillariidae Hesperiidae 9 1 1,9 1,9 1 1,15 1 1 1,9,15 Lycaenidae 9 9 T 340 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = (Rotschild & Jordan) 13 Mart.; 14 = ARIBBEAN Walker 13 C A. diversifolia A. selvatica (F.) 13 THE (Zeller) 13

(Sepp) 3,8,9,13,14,15,17,23 (Stoll) 1,17,18 (Cramer) 13 (Sepp) 8 (Guilding) 8,10,13,18 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

(Swainson) 13 Meyrick 13 (Hubner) 6 sp. 18 sp. 2,8,17 (Cramer) 1,18,24 sp. 10 (Cramer) 13 sp. 10,13,18 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Thecla Lyonetia Leucoptera Gonodonta clotilda G. nutrix G. pyrgo Mechanitis lysimnia Cerconota anonella Stenoma leucana S. sciogama Graphium ariarathes metagenes G. harrisianus G. lysithous Oeiketicus kirbyi Oeiketicus Ectomyelois decolor Rhescyntis armida Dirphia avia triangulum

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 1,2 21 2,6,9,15,166,9,15,16 15 11,9,12,15,81,15 15 Noctuidae Lyonetiidae Oecophoridae Nymphalidae 2,91,15 2,6 1,2,9,151,9 Papilionidae Psychidae 151 Pyralidae Saturniidae 14 T Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 341 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = (Cramer) 13 ARIBBEAN White 10 Dupont 8 C A. diversifolia De Geer 8 A. selvatica (Guerin-Meneville) 8 Clark 22 THE

Thomson 13 (Bates) 13 (Drury) 13,17,21,24 Stoll 13 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

(Poey) 13,18 Dyar 17 (Cramer) 13 sp. 13 Thomson 13 Bates 13 (Dalman) 13 sp. 8 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Rothschildia aurota Hylesia coex Cocytius antaeus C. anteus medor C. cluentius C. duponchel Protambulix strigilis Catorama palmarum Araecerus fasciculatus Alphus canescens A. senilis Ammiscus polygraphoides Ancylocera Ibidion Oncideres aegrota O. dejeani O. saga interruptus Trachyderes

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 1 2,11,14 1,9,15,161,15 15 1,15 9 19 Sphingidae Coleoptera Anobiidae Anthribidae 1 Cerambycidae 15 1 1 1 15 15 15 1 T 342 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = (Boheman) 17 ARIBBEAN C A. diversifolia Aurivillius 17 A. selvatica Bondar 13 Barber 17 F. 8,13,17 THE Jacoby 17

Maulik 13 Say 17 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 = Lefebre 17

(Boheman) 13 Bondar 13 Bondar 13 Baly 17 Bondar 13 sp. 13 sp. 17 sp. 17 Marshall 13 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Trachysomus thomsoni Trachysomus Alethaxius Colaspis lebasi Diabrotica centralis D. mutabilis Diphaulaca panamae Justus gibber J. tuberosus Megascelis Uroplata anonicola Brachiomus quadrinodosus Compsus signatus Conotrachelus anonae C. bondari C. marshalli Cratosomus bombina Cratosomus Heilus ochrifer

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 9 22 2 2 2 1 Chrysomelidae 1 2,9 1 6,112,8 Curculionidae 3 15 3 1,9,10,15 1,15 1 T Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 343 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = (Germar) 11 ARIBBEAN C Jekel 17 A. diversifolia Hustache 13 A. selvatica (Boheman) 1,13 Germar 13 (Araujo) 13 THE

(Casey) 13 Boheman 13 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

(Casey) 13 Casey 13 Germar 13 (Dobson) 1 Bondar 13 (Boheman) 13 spp. 11 Casey 13 (Pascoe) 13 sp. 13 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Helipus catagraphus H. lactarius H. velamen angulus Lydamis L. confusa L. maculata L. ruﬁcollis Lydamis Naupectus xanthographus Priomerus brevirostris Prionumerus ﬂavitarsis Spermologus anonae S. funerus Telemus carinosus Telemus T. gibbicollis T. Conoderus Carpophilus fumatus C. freemani

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 15 15 1,15 1 1 1 1 1 2 3,10,15 1,9 1 3 1 1,3 29,1616 Elateridae Nitidulidae T 344 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = ARIBBEAN C (F.) 9 A. diversifolia A. selvatica Eichhoff 13 Laporte 3 Endrodi 8 Reiter 8 THE

Curtis 10 (Erichson) 1 Burmeister 8 L.; 13 = fusca AND Mart.; 5 =

(Erichson) 9 (F.) 1,8 (Erichson) 1,8,21 Burmeister 8 sp. 1 (Erichson) 8 (Erichson) 1 sp. 8 sp. 1,13 prob. sp. 1 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE C. mutilatus C. humeralis C. succisus Colopterus macropterus C. posticus C. vulneratus Coccotrypes pygmaeus Pityophilus Xyleborus Ancistrosoma klugi Antichira inaurata Cyclocephala brittoni C. ruﬁcollis Macrodactylus afﬁnis Colopterus Haptoncus luteolus Lobiopa Hapalips

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 9,16 9,16 9 2 16 2 1516 15,16 1,1515 9 1,15 15 Scolytidae Scarabaeidae 9 16 16 6 Languridae T Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 345 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = ARIBBEAN C A. diversifolia A. selvatica Bezzi 10 (Schiner) 17 THE

Korytowski & Ojeda 9 Bezzi 8 (Curran) 8 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 = Wiedeman 17

(Wiedemann) 9,10,13 (Wiedemann) 10 Manneheim 13 Greene 10 sp. 8 Greene 10 Burmeister 13 (Bezzi) 8,13,17 (Macquart) 13 Stone 10 Capoor 13 sp. 8 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE M. pumilio M. suturalis Coproporus Atherigona orientalis Plecia plagiata Lonchea aculeata Neosilba Silba dimidiata S. pendula Anastrepha bistrigata A. barandiaranae A. chiclayae A. distincta A. extensa A. fraterculus A. obliqua A. scholae A. serpentina

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 15 15 99 Diptera Anthomyiidae Staphylinidae 911 1 1,9,15 22 2 2 2 Bibionidae Lonchaidae Tephritidae 2 2 2 2 T 346 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa 21,22,25,26 8,20,21,22,26,26 A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Mart.; 14 = ARIBBEAN Forel 13 (Ashmead) 2,3,4,6,7,8,17,18,20, Hendel 10 C A. diversifolia A. selvatica THE

Malloch 1 (L.) 13 (Wiedemann) 2,13 Crawford 12,24 F. 10 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

Grissell & Schauff 7 sp. 2 (F.) 2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,17,1 (Loew) 10 sp. 8,13 Schiner 2,10,17 (Bondar) 13 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia sp. 2,17 A THE A. striata A. suspensa Anastrepha Ceratitis capitata monostigma Tomoplagia Trupanea fucata Trupanea Xanthaciura major Bephratelloides cubensis B. limai B. paraguayensis B. petiolatus B. pomorum Atta sexdens rubropilosa A. sexdens Atta Camponotus

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 2,9 2 1,2 2,9 2 2 2 1,2,6,8,9,12,15,16 Hymenoptera1 Eurytomidae 1 1 1,2,8,9,15 1515 Formicidae 9 14 T Peña & Bennett: Annona Arthropods 347 A. L.; 16 = Mart.; 8 = b A. squamosa A. marcgravii Mart.; 15 = L.; 7 = . A. glabra A. spinescens EGION R Saff.; 6 = Vach. 13 Mart.; 14 = ARIBBEAN (Latreille) 1 (Olivier) 13 C A. diversifolia (McGregor) 8 A. selvatica Provancher 8 (Jerdon) 1 Baker 11 (McGregor) 11 THE Koch 11

Olivier 13 Keifer 8 L.; 13 = AND Mart.; 5 =

(Banks) 11 sp. 3 sp. 2,13 A. reticulata MERICAS A. crassifolia A THE Dolichoderus bispinosus Monacis trinidadensis Monomorium ﬂoricola Paratrechina longicornis Trigona trinidadensis silvestriana Trigona Trigona Polistes versicolor Eriophyes anonae Brevipalpus chilensis B. californicus Oligonychus yothersi Oligonychus urticae Tetranychus mexicanus Tetranychus

IN Mart.; 4 = . SPP

Moc. & Sessé; 12 = A. coriaceae NNONA A

A. purpurea OF

Mill.; 3 = L.; 11 = L.; 11 PESTS

A. cherimola A. palustris spp.; 2 = ARTHROPOD

L.; 10 = OF

. Annona IST .) L A. muricata spp. 1 = ONT A. cherimola

Species Order Family Species Country Annona a MacF.; 9 = MacF.; 1. (C Key to America: 8 = Colombia; 9 America: 3 = Honduras; 4 Guatemala; 5 Belize; 6 Costa Rica; 7 Panama. South America: 1 = U.S.A.; 2 Mexico. Central Key to Countries: North a b ABLE A. squamosa montana Annona Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 = Chile; 12 = Paraguay; 13 = Brazil; 14 = French Guiana; 15 = Surinam; 16 = Guyana; 17 = Venezuela. Caribbean Region: 18 = Cuba; 19 Haiti; 20 Dominican = Chile; 12 Paraguay; 13 Brazil; 14 French Guiana; 15 Surinam; 16 Guyana; 17 Venezuela. Ecuador; 10 = Peru; 11 Islands; 27 = St. Kitts. 24 = Barbados; 25 Curacao; 26 Virgin & Tobago; Republic; 21 = Puerto Rico; 22 Jamaica; 23 Trinidad 14 1 1 1 1414 Meliponidae 1415 Acarina Eriophyidae Vespidae 22 Tenuipalpidae 214 2 15 Tetranychidae T 348 Florida Entomologist 78(2) June, 1995

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MOUND, L. A., AND S. H. HALSEY. 1978. Whitefly of the world. BM (NH) London. 340 p. NADEL, H., AND J. E. PEÑA. 1991. Seasonal oviposition and emergence activity of Be- phratelloides cubensis (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae), a pest of Annona species in Florida. Environ. Entomol. 20: 1053-1057. NAGEL, J., J. E. PEÑA, AND D. HABECK. 1989. Insect pollination of atemoya in Florida. Florida Entomol. 72: 208-211. PEÑA, J. E., H. GLENN, AND R. BARANOWSKI. 1984. Important insect pests of Annona spp. in Florida. Proc. Florida State Hort. Soc. 97: 337-340. PODOLER, H., I. GALON, AND S. GAZIT. 1985. The effect of atemoya flowers on their pollinators: nitidulid beetles. Acta Ecologica Ecol. Applic. 6: 251-258. POSADA, L.1989. Lista de insectos dañinos y otras plagas en Colombia. Instituto Co- lombiano Agropecuario. Boletin Tecnico 43:57-67. RUSELL, L. M. 1948. The North American species of whiteflies of the genus Trialeu- rodes. Misc. Publ. U.S. Dept. Agric 635:1-85. SAFFORD, W. E. 1914. Classification of the genus Annona with descriptions of new and imperfectly known species. U.S. National Herbarium, Smithsonian Institution. 18. 68 p. VENTURI, F. 1966. Insetti e arachnidi delle pieante comuni del Venezuela signalati nel periodo 1938-1963. Rela-zione e monografie agrarie subtropicali e tropicali. Fi- renze. Inst. Agron. per l’otremare. 86: 13-16.