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Problemy Bezpieczeństwa W Procesach Politycznej I Społecznej Transformacji W Krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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Problemy Bezpieczeństwa W Procesach Politycznej I Społecznej Transformacji W Krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej WYŻSZA SZKOŁA GOSPODARKI KRAJOWEJ W KUTNIE WYDZIAŁ STUDIÓW EUROPEJSKICH ЛЬВІВСЬКИЙ НАЦІОНАЛЬНИЙ УНІВЕРСИТЕТ ІМЕНІ ІВАНА ФРАНКА КАФЕДРА ПОЛІТОЛОГІЇ PROBLEMY BEZPIECZEŃSTWA W PROCESACH POLITYCZNEJ I SPOŁECZNEJ TRANSFORMACJI W KRAJACH EUROPY ŚRODKOWO-WSCHODNIEJ MATERIAŁY Z MIĘDZYNARODOWEJ POLSKO-UKRAIŃSKIEJ KONFERENCJI NAUKOWEJ KUTNO: WYŻSZA SZKOŁA GOSPODARKI KRAJOWEJ 2019 Międzynarodowa Polsko-Ukraińskiej Konferencja Naukowa pod redakcją dr hab. Zbigniewa Białobłockiego, Anatolija Romanyuka i Witalija Łytwyna, PROBLEMY BEZPIECZEŃSTWA W PROCESACH POLITYCZNEJ I SPOŁECZNEJ TRANSFORMACJI W KRAJACH EUROPY ŚRODKOWO-WSCHODNIEJ Recenzja wydawnicza: Klymonchuk V., Doktor nauk politycznych, Profesor, Kierownik katedry nauk politycznych Uniwersytetu Prekarpackiego Narodowego im. V. Stefanyka; Lucyshyn G., Doktor nauk politycznych, Profesor, Kierownik katedry nauk politycznych i stosunków międzynarodowych Instytutu nauk humanistycznych i społecznych “Politechnik i Lwowskiej”; Magdalena Sitek doktor habilitowany nauk społecznych w zakresie nauk o polityce oraz doktor habilitowany nauk prawnych, Rektor Wyższej Szkoły Gospodarki Euroregionalnej im. Alcide De Gasperi w Józefowie Redaktor dr hab. Nadija Panczak Białobłocka Korekta mgr Aneta Moszczyńska Skład i projekt okładki Łukasz Różyński Kutno 2019 Wydanie I ISBN 978-83-63484-37-8 Druk i oprawa Mazowieckie Centrum Poligrafii ul. Mikołaja Ciurlionisa 4 05‒260 Marki Wszystkie prawa zastrzeżone © 2019 Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Krajowej w Kutnie © Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, 2019 Problemy Bezpieczeństwa w Procesach Politycznej i Społecznej Transformacji w Krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej: Materiały z Międzynarodowej Polsko- -Ukraińskiej Konferencji Naukowej / pod redakcją Zbigniewa Białobłockiego, Anatolija Romanyuka i Witalija Łytwyna. Kutno, Wyd. Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Krajowej 2019, 156 s. Zbiór materiałów zawiera artykuły naukowe i streszczenia uczestników polsko- ukraińskiej międzynarodowej konferencji naukowej “Problemy bezpieczeństwa w procesach politycznej i społecznej transformacji w krajach Europy Środkowo- Wschodniej”. Pierwsza część książki prezentuje materiały naukowe w języku an- gielskim, a druga część - materiały naukowe w języku ukraińskim. Zbiór materiałów konferencji naukowej składa się z ciekawych badań wielu naukowców i zajmuje się różnymi aspektami problemów instytucji i procesów politycznych w krajach Euro- py Środkowej i Wschodniej. Kompilacja będzie interesująca przede wszystkim dla politologów, ale także dla wszystkich tych, którzy zajmują się problemami regionu Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej. 3 SPIS TREŚCI Sławomira Białobłocka, Aleksandra Ancerowicz THEORIZATION OF INDICATORS AND MODELS OF GOVERNMENT COALITIONS’ FORMATION ..............7 Nadija Panczak-Białobłocka ELECTORAL DETERMINANTS AND FEATURES OF MINORITY CABINETS IN EUROPEAN PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACIES ................................................... 16 Aneta Moszczyńska, Michał Białobłocki DEFECTS OF THE ESSENCE OF TECHNOCRATIC GOVERNMENTS AND GOVERNANCE IN EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES ......................................................... 25 Zbigniew Białobłocki CONFLICTS IN THE SYSTEM OF EXECUTIVE DUALISM AND CABINET STABILITY IN SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL COUNTRIES ... 32 Krzysztof Białobłocki SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF IMMIGRATION PROCESSES IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP: THEORETICAL AND EMPIRICAL CONTEXTS .............................. 40 Magdalena Białobłocka INTERMODAL TRANSPORTATION IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP: THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT AND THE PECULIARITIES OF REFORM ...................................... 48 Tomasz Białobłocki THE FEATURES OF REGIONALISM IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT OF ETHNOPOLITICAL PROCESS IN UKRAINE: THE VIEW OF RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY .............................. 56 Svitlana Derevianko ORGANIZATIONAL MODELS OF MUNICIPAL POLICE: EXAMPLE FOR UKRAINE ...................... 64 Tetiana Fedorchak СУСПІЛЬНІ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ У ПОСТКОМУНІСТИЧНИХ ДЕРЖАВАХ: ПРОБЛЕМА ОДНОЧАСНОСТІ ЧИ ТРИВАЛОСТІ? .................................................. 71 Vіra Burdіak ПРОБЛЕМИ ФОРМУВАННЯ ОРГАНІВ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В ПОСТКОМУНІСТИЧНІЙ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНО-СХІДНІЙ ЄВРОПІ .................................................... 78 Oleksandra Cholovska ВИБОРИ ЯК ЧИННИК ПЕРСОНАЛІЗАЦІЇ ТА ДЕПАРТИЗАЦІЇ НА МІСЦЕВОМУ РІВНІ КРАЇН ВИШЕГРАДСЬКОЇ ГРУПИ: ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ І ЕМПІРИЧНИЙ КОНТЕКСТИ ........................... 87 Irina Butyrska ВЛАДА І БІЗНЕС: ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ КОРУПЦІЙНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ В НОВИХ ДЕМОКРАТИЧНИХ ДЕРЖАВАХ .................................................... 97 Vitaliy Lytvyn THE AVERAGED EFFECTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF EUROPEAN SEMI- PRESIDENTIALISM: EXPECTED AND UNEXPECTED MANIFESTATIONS ............................ 108 Ihor Osadchuk POLITICAL REGIMES IN ATYPICAL SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEMS OF GOVERNMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN, THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION .............. 118 Anatoly Romanyuk ОЦІНКА ПОПУЛІСТИЧНОЇ СКЛАДОВОЇ ПЕРЕДВИБОРЧИХ ПРОГРАМ ПАРТІЙ ВЕРХОВНОЇ РАДИ УКРАЇНИ ІХ СКЛИКАННЯ ....................................................... 128 Jurij Ostapets ВПЛИВ ПАРЛАМЕНТСЬКИХ ВИБОРІВ 2019 РОКУ НА КОНФІГУРАЦІЮ ПАРТІЙНОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ .... 137 Iryna Kijanka ІДЕЇ ПОПУЛІЗМУ В КОНТЕКСТІ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ ................................ 144 Tamara Kozak МОВА, ПРАВО ТА ПОЛІТИКА: ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВЗАЄМОЗВ’ЯЗКУ.......... 148 Zbigniew Bartosiak BEFORE THE STATE POLICE. FORMATION GENESIS ....................................... 156 Sławomira Białobłocka, Aleksandra Ancerowicz Higher School of National Economy (Kutno, Republic of Poland) THEORIZATION OF INDICATORS AND MODELS OF GOVERNMENT COALITIONS’ FORMATION The article proposes the review and theorization of indicators and models for the formation of government coalitions. It is argued that the attractiveness of studying national government coalitions is that they can give the researcher a considerable number of cases to check existing theories and hypotheses and the ability to manage and predict a number of systemic factors. It is stated that there are many assumptions and theoretical indicators of different models of government coalitions’ formation, on which the theory of government coalitions’ formation should be based in a decentralized context. Keywords: government, government coalition, formation of a government coalition, model of government formation. Sławomira Białobłocka, Aleksandra Ancerowicz Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Krajowej w Kutnie BADANIE WSKAŹNIKÓW I MODELI TWORZENIA KOALICJI RZĄDOWYCH W artykule został przedstawiony przegląd i teoria modeli tworzenia koalicji rządowych. Stwierdzono, że dążenie studiowania koalicji rządowych polega na tym, że mogą one dostarczyć badaczowi znaczną liczbę przypadków do rozpatrzenia w celu sprawdzenia istniejących teorii i hipotez oraz możliwości kontrolowania i przewidywania szeregu systemowych czynników. Stwierdzono, że istnieje wiele teoretycznych założeń i wskaźników różnych modeli tworzenia koalicji rządowych, na których musi opierać się teoria tworzenia koalicji rządowych w kontekście decentralizacji. 7 MATERIAŁY Z MIĘDZYNARODOWEJ POLSKO-UKRAIŃSKIEJ KONFERENCJI NAUKOWEJ Słowa kluczowe: rząd, koalicja rządowa, formowanie koalicji rządowej, modele powoływania rządów. The appeal of studying national government coalitions lies in the fact that they can provide researchers with a large number of cases to test existing theories and hypotheses, as well as with the opportunity to manage and predict a number of systemic factors. In the comparative-political science literature this has been elucidated by such scholars, as L. Dodd (“Coalitions in Parliamentary Government”1), C. Mellors and P. Brearey (“Multi-dimensional approaches to the study of local coalitions: some cross-national comparisons”2), M. Laver (“Theories of coalition formation and local government coalitions”3). However, few political science studies investigate national government coalitions, the most notable being: R. Vilamala (“Multilevel government formation: An assessment on Spanish regional democracy”4), H. Back (“Explaining coalitions: Evidence and lessons from studying coalition formation in Swedish local government”5), C. Mershon і K. Hamann (“Regional coalition government in Spain: The impact of institutions and regionalist conflicts”6), W. Downs (“Coalition government, subnational style”7), J. Colomer and F. Martinez (“The paradox of coalition trading”8). This is notwithstanding the fact that the need for a closer examination of national government coalitions becomes urgent for empirical reasons. Eventually, many Western and Central European countries have been involved in political decentralization processes over the past decades, transferring governance and legislative jurisdiction to the sub-national level. Accordingly, the nature of electoral and party competition in decentralized states has led to the emergence of sharp cross-national distinctions in assessment of the electoral performance, organization and strategies of political parties, etc. In this regard J. Hopkin9, along with C. Jeffery and D. Hough10 argue, 1 Dodd L., Coalitions in Parliamentary Government, Wyd. Princeton University Press 1976. 2 Mellors C., Brearey P., Multi-dimensional approaches to the study of local coalitions: some cross-national comparisons, [w:] G. Pridham (ed.), Coalitional behavior in theory and practice: an inductive model for Western Europe, Wyd. Cambridge University Press 1986, s. 278-295. 3 Laver M., Theories of coalition formation and
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