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From Pious Journeys to the Critique of Sovereignty: Khaqani Shirvani's Persianate Poetics of Pilgrimage REBECCA GOULD

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From Pious Journeys to the Critique of Sovereignty: Khaqani Shirvani's Persianate Poetics of Pilgrimage REBECCA GOULD See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331158048 “From Pious Journeys to the Critique of Sovereignty: Khaqani Shirvani’s Persianate Poetics of Pilgrimage,” Remapping Travel Narratives.... Chapter · October 2018 DOI: 10.17613/77a4-vc91 CITATIONS READS 0 59 1 author: Rebecca Ruth Gould University of Birmingham 232 PUBLICATIONS 194 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Translation Through the Prism of Settler-Coloniality: Indigenous Elimination, Framed Translation, and the Israel/Palestine Conflict View project Digitising Daghestan’s Manuscript Heritage: Manuscripts from the Library of al-Ghumūqī (d.1943) View project All content following this page was uploaded by Rebecca Ruth Gould on 12 March 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. MONTSERRAT PIERA Amsterdam University PRESS Press ~ANJTIES Scanned by CamScanner Li toll·fgure .............................•..... '' ''.',', '.' , Ill List of Contr rhutors . ...•... .. ... ..•. , .• . ... ................••.. • • • •. , ,, IZ Acknowl dgcmen ~ . ... ....... .... ...•.. .... .............•....•..........•• z I Introduction: Travel a') episteme- an lntmduc.tcJry JrJUrnr~y MONTSERRAT PIERA ..................................... ,,, ......•......... 1 PART f. TRANSFORMING THE RIHLA TRADITIO N: THE SEA RCH FOR KNOWLEDGE IN JEWISH, MUSLIM, AND CHRISTIA N TRAVELLERS Chapter 1. From Pious Journeys to the Critique of Sovereignty: Khaqani Shirvani's Persianate Poetics of Pilgrimage REBECCA GOULD ....... ......... ... ... .............................. ,, .25 Chapter 2. Observing Ziyara in Two Medieval Muslim 'Travel Accounts JANET SORRENTINO .. •... .. .. ...... ..... .. ... .......................... 4 7 Chapter 3 Vulnerable Medieval Iberian Travellers: Benjamin of Tudela's Sefer ha-Massa'ot, Pero Tafur's Andan9as e viajes, and Ahmad al-Wazzan's Libra de Ia Cosmogrophia et Geographia de Africa MO TSERRAT PIERA ............ .......................................... 61 PART II. IMAGININ G THE EAST: EGYPT, PERSIA, AND ISTANBUL IN MY MIND Chapter 4. "Tierras de Egipto": Imagined Journeys to the East in the Early Vernacular Litera ure of \1edieval lbena MAITHEW "v , DESING1 a 11 11 1 t. 111 It • It I • ............ ·. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · .89 Chapter 5. The Petrification of Ro tam: Thomas Herbert's Re-vision of Persia in A Relation of Some Yeares Trava1le '[ODA HDI Z":...t'\'DEH I I I I I II I I I I I I II I <I I fill •...•... · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · .111 Scanned by CamScanner Chapter I FROM PIOUS JOURNEYS TO TH CRITIQU 0 soVEREIGNTY: KHAQANI SHIRVANI'S PERSIANATE POETICS OF PILGRIMAGE' REBECCA GOULD2 ABSTRACT Like most world literatures, the Islamic world generated many different types of travel writing. While the trope of the Islamic pilgrimage (/:lajj) is well known, the impact of the imagery and concept of travel on poetic production from the Islamic wo rld, particu­ larly in Persian, has not merited the same scrutiny. Countering this tradition of neglect, this chapter introduces one of the most important and yet !east-studied Persian travel narratives to an interdisciplinary readership: the Gift from the Two Jraqs (Tuhfat al­ 'Jraqayn), composed in the middle of the twelfth century by the Persian poet Khaqani Shirwani. I examine this work's contribution to world literature and global poetics by documenting its deployment of key tropes from a longer tradition of thinking about mobility within Persian and Islamic poetics. Of particular interest is Khaqani's method of transforming the ri/:1/a, a discourse known for celebrating migration as a pious act, into a means of critiquing sovereign power. Keywor ds: travel, ri/:1/a, journey, Persian poetry, medieval Islam, sovereignty, poetic critique "BECAUSE TRAVEL BROUGHT them, through suffering, into learning as a way of life," writes Houari Touati in his recent intellectual history of travel in the medieval Islamic world, "Muslims saw [travel] as a figure for metamorphosis, coupled with the experience of pain." 3 The medieval Islamic understanding of travel as a stage of self­ transformation, a horizon of new experience, and a harbinger of a new epistemology has many parallels in world history. The conceptual and practical centrality of travel 1 I would like to thank Elizabeth Gould for her editorial support. 2 This publication has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under ERC-2 01 7-STG Grant Agreement No 759346. l T ..c Houa. n· ouatl, Islam et voyage au Moyen Age: histoire et anthropologie d'une pratH(UC lettree (Pans: Seuil, 2000), 2. 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