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SOYOUZ EN GUYANE Soyuz in Guiana

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SOYOUZ EN GUYANE Soyuz in Guiana cnescnesLE MAGAZINE D’INFORMATION DU CENTREmag NATIONAL D’ÉTUDES SPATIALES N°49 04/2011 SOYOUZ EN GUYANE Soyuz in Guiana Interview exclusive de FRANÇOIS FILLON, Premier ministre Exclusive interview with Prime Minister François Fillon THOMAS PESQUET Explorateur d’un nouveau monde Explorer of a new world ERATJ sommaire contents N°49 - 04/2011 06 04 / 15 news Le 12 avril 1961, Youri Gagarine entrait dans l’Histoire 12 April 1961, 50 years since Yuri Gagarin’s historic flight Catastrophe au Japon Disaster in Japan 11 Taranis par-delà les orages Taranis watches from above storms 16 / 33 politique Business & politics 16 Interview exclusive de François Fillon, Premier ministre, sur l’espace Exclusive interview on space with Prime Minister François Fillon CCT Appli en aval toute Applications competence centre looks downstream Histoire d’espace : L’avenir des lanceurs, un nouvel élan pour l’Europe spatiale Space history: Launchers - New momentum for spacefaring Europe 34 / 49 dossier Special report Soyouz, le port d’attache guyanais A new home for Soyuz in French Guiana 50 / 57 société Society L’industrie minière explore le spatial Mining looks to space Chez MAP, la peinture se met au vert MAP’s environmentally-friendly space coatings 58 / 64 Monde World États-Unis : Découverte d’un nouveau système planétaire United States: New planetary system discovered Europe : Roumanie, le nouvel État membre de l’Esa 50 Europe: Romania, a new member for ESA 65 / 71 culture Arts & living Déambulations spatiales Space wanderings Une vidéothèque pour le CNES CNES’s video library 58 CNESMAG journal trimestriel de communication externe du Centre national d’études spatiales. 2 place Maurice-Quentin. 75039 Paris Cedex 01. Adresse postale pour abonnement: 18 avenue Édouard-Belin. 31401 Toulouse Cedex 9. Tél.: +33 (0) 5 61283390. Internet: http://www.cnes.fr/ Cette revue est réalisée par le Service de la communication institutionnelle. Elle est membre de l’Union des journaux et journalistes d’entreprises de France (UJJEF) Abonnement: [email protected]. CNESMAG quarterly review of the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales – 2 place Maurice-Quentin 75039 Paris cedex 01 – France – Postal address for subscriptions: 18 avenue Edouard Belin 31401 Toulouse cedex 9 – France. Phone: +33 (0) 561273 469. Website: http://www.cnes.fr. This review is produced by the CNES Corporate Communications Office, a member of the French union of corporate publications and journalists (UJJEF). Subscriptions: [email protected]. Directeur de la publication/Publication director: Yannick d’Escatha. Responsables éditoriaux/Editorial directors: Pierre Tréfouret, Joëlle Brami. Rédactrice en chef/Editor-in-chief: Brigitte Thomas. Rubrique News: Marie-Claude Siron. Politique/Business & Politics: Brigitte Thomas. Société/Society: Joëlle Brami. Dossier/Special Report: Brigitte Thomas. Europe/Europe: Geneviève Gargir. Monde/World: Brigitte Thomas. Culture/Arts & Living: Marie-Claude Siron. Avec l’aide de/Contributors: Laurence Amen, Jacques Arnould, Jean-Marc Astorg, Roger Baldacchino, Karol Barthélémy, Bastien Thirt, Gilles Bellaiche, Bernard Brandt, Pascale Bresson, Alain Budowski, Anne Cadiou, Fabienne Casoli, Marie-Anne Clair, Philippe Collot, Philippe Cocquerez, Frédéric Cornet, Jan Droz, Fabienne Duclos, Patrick Dumont, Brigitte Darolles, Chantal Delabarre, Romain Desplats, Danièle DeStaerke, Claire Dramas, Pascale Ferrage, Alain Gaboriaud, Guillemette Gauquelinkoch, Philippe Gaudon, Geneviève Gargir, Anita Gonzalez, Steven Hosford, Marie Jasinski, Olivier La Marle, Jean-Michel Le Duigou, Marie-Pierre Joseph-Alberton, Séverine Klein, Anne-Marie Laborde, Sophie Perraud, Nicolas Pillet, Catherine Proy, Elisabeth Moussine-Pouchkine, Amélie Proust, Chantal Raynaud, Didier Renaut, Nathalie Ribeiro, Malecka Saleman, Florence Seroussi, Philippe Supié, Anne Urdiroz, Martial Vanhove. Traduction/English text: Boyd Vincent. Conseil iconographique/Artwork and picture consultant: Serge Delmas. Photothèque/Photos: Orianne Arnould. Crédits photos/Photo credits: © NEWS : Ria Novosti (p.4-5), ImageForum/Notimex/Cortesia (p.6), Sertit 2011 (p.6), CNES/R.Barranco (p.7), CNES/S. Girard (p.7), CNES/N. Jouhannet (p.8), CNES/M. Pedoussaut (p.8), CNES/ill.D. Ducros (p.9), CNES/E. Grimault (p.9), Astrium/D. Marques (p.9), ESA (p.10), CNES/J. Chetrit (p.10), CNES/J-M. Le Duigou (p.10), CNES/O. Pascaud (p.11-12), ESA/Planck Collaboration (p.13), CNES (p.13), Astrium/A. Ruttloff (p.14), Snecma/E. Forterre (p.14)–INNOVATION : CNES/E. Grimault (p.15)–© POLITIQUE : REA/N. Tavernier (p.17), Esa-Cnes-Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG (p.18), REA/ Parlement européen (p.19), Image Forum (p.20), Rea/G. Rolle (p.21), G. Doyle (p.22), REA/L. Grandillot (p.23), SpotImage/Infoterra (p.24), CNES/E. Grimault (p.25-26), CNES/P.Jalby (p.27-29), Mairie des Mureaux (p.28), L'Oeil du Chat (p.29), CNES/Rea/L. Marin, Roscosmos (p.30), Esa-CNES- Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG-P. Baudon (p.31)–HISTOIRE : Esa-CNES-Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG-P. Baudon (p.32), ESA (p.32-33)–© DOSSIER : ESA/S.Corvaja (p.34-35-36-39-40-42-43-49), Sigma (p.37), SIPA/Facelli (p.38 haut), Esa/CNES/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG (p.38-44-45-46), NASA (p38-39), Ide/R. Sarian (p.41), Esa/CNES/Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG/P. Baudon (p.42), J-M. Guillon (p.47), CNES (p.46), CNES/ESA/S. Corvaja (p.48), Starsem (p.49)–© SOCIETE : Image Forum/R. Haid (p.51), Reuters/I. Alvarado (p.52), Altamira Information (p.53), CNES/E. Grimault (p.54-55), Nasa (p.56), Istock (p.56), Cemex (p.57)–© MONDE : R. Gendler, Photo by R. Gendler, 2002, Ball Aerospace (p.60), Jaxa (p.61), JPL/NASA (p.60), CNES/dist.Spot Image (p.62), Romanian Space Agency (p.63), Telespazio (p.64 )–© CULTURE : O. Daudet/Ciel et Espace Photos (p.65), CNES/S. Girard (p.67), Cité de l’Espace/P. Beteille (p.67), LAM/P. Bernard (p.68), L. Battesti (p.69) Pour tout renseignement, contacter la photothèque au Tél.: + 33 (0) 5 61 47 48 78./For more information, contact the photo library on +33 (0) 561 474 878. Création/Réalisation maquette/Design and pre-press: TONGA/Véronique Nouailhetas. Impression/Printing: Ménard : ISSN 1283-9817. Couverture/Cover: ©Esa-CNES-Arianespace/Optique Vidéo CSG-P.Baudon /M. Regy. 2 / cnes mag AVRIL 2011 Billet d’humeur de Pierre Tréfouret Directeur de la communication externe, de l’éducation et des affaires publiques, CNES Director of External Communications, Education and Public Relations, CNES À un tournant de l’histoire spatiale l n’est pas fréquent de se savoir contemporain d’un tournant de l’Histoire. C’est pourtant mon I intuition à propos du premier décollage de Guyane, dans quelques mois, du lanceur mythique russe Soyouz à partir du sol d’un département français, de la base spatiale européenne, mais aussi 34 du continent américain. C’est sans doute pour cette raison que le Premier ministre, et cela honore le CNES, a accepté de nous donner une interview exclusive. Ce chemin exceptionnel au service de la paix nous éloigne définitivement du contexte de guerre froide dans lequel s’était inscrit le vol Soyouz de Youri Gagarine, dont nous fêtons cette année le cinquantenaire. Nous le devons avant tout au génie visionnaire du général de Gaulle, qui a osé engager la coopération entre la France et l’Union soviétique lorsqu’il annonçait, en 1966, à ses ministres: « Nous allons en Russie… Nous irons à Novossibirsk, la ville scientifique, à Baïkonour, la base spatiale! » Certes, cela n’a pas été particulièrement aisé et rapide: François Fillon rappelle que lui-même y a apporté sa contribution en signant, il y a déjà quinze ans, l’accord de création de la société Starsem. Par ailleurs, comme le rappelle le Premier ministre, « la France a toujours considéré que le lanceur est l’élément clé de l’indépendance spatiale ». C’est dire l’importance d’accueillir cette fusée russe sur notre territoire, pour disposer avec Ariane et Vega d’une gamme complète de lanceurs; c’est dire aussi combien il est essentiel, aux yeux du gouvernement, de poursuivre parallèlement le développement d’Ariane 5 et de préparer sa succession. Nous sommes effectivement à un tournant de l’histoire spatiale. Si c’est au tour de nos collègues russes de dire: « Nous allons en Guyane… », c’est au nôtre de les y accueillir. Le défi de l’espace est, plus que jamais, de participer à plus de coopération et d’entente entre les nations. VIEWPOINT At a turning point in space history It is not often that you see a turning point in was accomplished. We owe this above all to the arrival on French territory of this Russian history happening before your very eyes. But vision of President Charles de Gaulle, who dared launcher is so important, giving us a full range that is how I view the first flight in a few months’ to take France down the road of cooperation of launch vehicles with Ariane and Vega; and why time of the legendary Russian Soyuz launcher with the Soviet Union, telling his cabinet in 1966: the government believes it is vital at the same time from Europe’s spaceport in French Guiana. And it “We are going to Russia, to Novossibirsk, the to continue developing Ariane 5 while preparing is no doubt for this reason that the Prime city of science, and to Baikonur and its launch its successor. Minister has done CNES the honour of giving us base.” Of course, it has been a hard and We are indeed at a turning point in space history. an exclusive interview in this issue. sometimes slow road: in our interview with him, It is now our Russian colleagues’ turn to say As we prepare to celebrate this year the 50th François Fillon recalls his own contribution 15 years “We are going to French Guiana”, and this time anniversary of Yuri Gagarin’s first Soyuz spaceflight, ago in signing the agreement to create Starsem.
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