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A Imagem Do Infante D. Henrique Na Crônica Da Tomada De Ceuta

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A Imagem Do Infante D. Henrique Na Crônica Da Tomada De Ceuta SILVIO GALVÃO DE QUEIRÓS “PERA ESPELHO DE TODOLLOS UlUOS” A IMAGEM DO INFANTE D. HENRIQUE NA CRÔNICA DA TOMADA DE CEUTA Dissertação apresentada ao curso de Pós-Graduação em História da Universidade Federal Fluminense, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre. Área de concentração: História Social e das Idéias. Setor Temático: História Antiga e Medieval. Orientação: Professora Doutora VÂNIA LEITE FRÓES NITERÓI 1997 Queirós, Silvio Galvão de “Pera Espelho de Todollos Uiuos” - A Imagem do Infante D. Henrique na Crônica da Tomada de Ceuta / Silvio Galvão de Queirós. Niterói-RJ, 1997. 1 v. 284 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em História Medieval) - Universidade Federal Fluminense, 1997. 1. História Social - Idade Média Ibérica I. Título II. Série. índices para catálogo sistemático: 1. História Social Medieval 909.07 2. Idade Média: Península Ibérica: História Social 909.07 3. Cultura: Portugal Medieval: História SILVIO GALVÃO DE QUEIRÓS “PERA ESPELHO DE TODOLLOS UlUOS” A imagem do Infante D. Henrique na Crônica da Tomada de Ceuta Dissertação apresentada ao Curso de Pós^ Graduação em História da Universidade Federal Fluminense, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre. Área de concentração: História Social e das Idéias. Setor Temático: História antiga e Medieval. Aprovada em dezembro de 1997. BANCA EXAMINADORA C C JU .L í Professora Doutora Vânia Leite Fróes - Orientadora Universidade Federal Fluminense — Professora DóutoraTsmêniá de Lima Martins Universidade Federal Fluminense Professora Doii||ora LygiaAI Rodrigues Vianna Peres Universidade Federal Fluminense Niterói 1997 À memoria de Osvaldo de Almeida Costa Neto, a quem estava devendo esta dissertação de mestrado. 2 Agradecimentos Sempre cismo com os autores que fazem agradecimentos generalizados e, muito mais, com as desculpas que costumeiramente apresentam para assim proceder, pois, parece-me que a onipotência é o que lhes faz agradecer apenas a alguns e, isso, por mera polidez: ora dizem que devem a muitos e seria imperdoável agradecer a uns e não a outros, ora agradecem aos grandes e às instituições e esquecem-se dos contributos pequenos mas, fundamentais, sem os quais, muitas vezes, a pesquisa simplesmente não anda. Daí porque me prometi agradecer a todos, seja individualmente, seja aos grupos de colaboradores, seja, também, às instituições que puderam fazer com que esta pesquisa chegasse a bom termo. Devo, pois, agradecer ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq, pela bolsa de estudos que me possibilitou dar os passos iniciais da pesquisa. Agradeço ao Professor Erneldo Schallenberger, Reitor da Universidade Estadual da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná e ao Professor Valdir Gregory, Pró-Reitor de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação desta UNIOESTE, pelo apoio ao trabalho; ao Professor José Kuiava pelas palavras de apoio e incentivo reiteradas vezes manifestadas; agradeço ao Departamento de História e Geografia desta universidade - ao qual estou vinculado - especialmente aos professores Sarah Yurkiv Gomes Tibes Ribeiro, Marcos Luís Ehrardt, Neiva Sálete Kern Maccari, Róbi Jair Schmidt, Tarcísio Vanderlinde, Lia Dorotéa Güths e Marco Antonio Lopes, pelo apoio e incentivo com que sempre me brindaram; e aos meus alunos no curso de Historia, pela paciência, apoio e estímulo. Às Professoras Célia Reis Camargo, Clarice Nadir Von Borstel, e Zita Zart, à bibliotecária Márcia Elisa Sbaraini Leitzke, e aos estudantes Luisa Maria Lentz Baldo, Tânia Regina Baratieri Gonçalves, Claércio Ivan Schneider, e Flávia Gomes Galvão de Queirós: agradeço pelas ajudas preciosas no achamento e na sistematização de dados de minhas fontes. À Professora Clasi M. Schio, agradeço pela revisão gramatical cuidadosa que realizou em meus originais. 3 Aos Doutores Ismênia de Lima Martins, Rosalvo do Valle, Luís Filipe Ribeiro, Lygia Rodrigues Vianna Peres, Lana Lage da Gama Lima e Francisco José Silva Gomes, meu grato reconhecimento pelas sugestões e críticas atenciosas. À Doutora Ana Maria dos Santos, peço desculpas pelas falhas do passado e, agradeço pelo carinho com que sempre me distinguiu. À Maria Paula Graner, José Costa D’Assunçâo Barros, Francisco César Alves Ferraz, Mareio Luiz Ramos D’Albuquerque e Ricardo Muniz Ruiz, agradeço o arrimo das palavras e das ações que, nos momentos de desânimo, impuseram não esmorecesse. Com o Grupo de Estudos de História Medieval da UFF - nosso Grupo do Paço atual - o Scriptorium, pude partilhar o prazer da troca de experiências e de muitas “descobertas” que, privilegiado, pude com eles vivenciar. Agradeço a gentilezas recebidas ao longo desses anos do Curso de Mestrado, da parte de todos os funcionários do Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Filosofia, e, especialmente, daqueles mais estreitamente vinculados ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em História da UFF. A Paulo Cézar Konzen um agradecimento que se faz só a quem é capaz de mergulhar tão completamente nos meandros da construção de um texto que, muito além disso, de(s)codifica o pensamento do seu autor e, ao fazê-lo, dá provas definitivas de sua simpatia: o grau superlativo da amizade. Devo ainda, agradecer a Mauro Rogério Fregolão, que partilhou comigo grande parte da pesquisa como verdadeiro “moço de escrivaninha”. À minha mulher lise Lorena, e à minha filha, Ana Leticia, meus agradecimentos são infinitos: elas, melhor que eu, sabem porque são assim. Finalmente, faço dois agradecimentos especiais. O primeiro é a Mário Galvão de Queirós Filho - homem íntegro e intelectual refinado, espelho no qual busco me mirar. A ele consigno os acertos do estilo. O segundo é à Doutora Vânia Leite Fróes, a quem devo parte do gosto que tenho pela História e, certamente, toda a paixão que nutro pela História Medieval. A forma persuasiva que utilizou para que redirecionasse o tema da pesquisa e a orientação segura para que pudesse realizar a redação desta dissertação, são marcas do seuTalent de Bien Faire. E, se após isso, esqueci algum nome, rogo desculpas sinceras, afinal, como diz Zurara: “a memória perde muitas das primeiras cousas, ca os velhos per natureza per rrezam do esfriamento do sangue perdem muitas cousas que na mançebia aprenderam.” 4 “A imagem do infante é um ponto essencial para a avaliação das identidades e diferenças que ao mesmo tempo ligam e separam os outonos da medievalidade das fases do Renascimento.” BARRETO, Luís F. Gomes Eanes de Zurara e o problema da Crônica da Guiné. 5 SUMÁRIO Lista de Figuras, Quadros e Genealogia...................................................8 Lista de Gráficos, Quadros e Mapas..........................................................9 Lista de Abreviaturas............................................................................... 10 Resumo....................................................................................................11 Résumé....................................................................................................12 Abstract....................................................................................................13 Introdução..............................................................................................14 PARTE I - O Paço, a Prosa e a Pena ..................................... 24 Capítulo I - O Paço e a Prosa.............................................................25 1.1-0 Paço.......................................................................................25 1.2-A Prosa......................................................................................38 1.2.1 - Sobre o conceito de crônica........................................... 49 Capítulo II - A Pena...............................................................................60 2.1-0 cronista .................................................................................. 60 2.2 - O método ....................................................................................79 2.3 - A produção da memória..............................................................92 2.4 - Exemplos e espelhos..................................................................98 2.4 .1 - Das virtudes..................................................................109 2.4.1.1- Virtudes cardeais................................................... 110 2.4.1.2- Virtudes teoiogais.................................................. 112 6 PARTE II - A Construção da Imagem do Infante D. Henrique na Crônica da Tomada de C euta..............................................................................115 Preámbulo........................................................................................116 Capítulo I - A Imagem do Rei na Crónica da Tomada de Ceuta...............................................................................128 1.1 - As virtudes e as ações do Rei................................................... 128 1.2 - A guerra na Crónica daTomada de Ceuta.................................146 1.2.1 - A guerra da Reconquista................................................... 146 1.2.2 - A guerra externa para a paz no................................. reino 151 1.2.3 - O rei e os outros: os estrangeiros......................................156 1.2.4-0 rei e os outros: os................................................ infiéis 159 1.2.5 - O rei e os seus: o Conselho.............................................. 162 1.3-0 ofício de rei...........................................................................182 Capítulo II - A Imagem do Infante D. Henrique na Crónica da Tomada de Ceuta................................................................................186
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