Appendix E Biological Assessment (Revised)

APPENDIX E BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT (REVISED)

BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT LYTTON RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

SEPTEMBER 2010

Lead Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Pacific Region Office 2800 Cottage Way, Room W-2820 Sacramento, CA 95825-1846 BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT LYTTON RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

SEPTEMBER 2010

Lead Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Pacific Region Office 2800 Cottage Way, Room W-2820 Sacramento, CA 95825-1846

Prepared By: Analytical Environmental Services 1801 7th Street, Suite 100 Sacramento, CA 95811 (916) 447-3479 www.analyticalcorp.com TABLE OF CONTENTS BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT: LYTTON RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Project Location ...... 1 1.2 Project Description ...... 4 1.3 Interrelated and Interdependent Activities ...... 9 1.4 Purpose and Need ...... 9 1.5 Previous Studies ...... 11 2.0 SUMMARY OF CONSULTATION TO DATE ...... 11 3.0 REGULATORY SETTING ...... 11 4.0 METHODOLOGY ...... 17 4.1 Preliminary Research ...... 17 4.2 Field Surveys and Analysis ...... 18 4.3 Federally Listed Species ...... 21 4.4 Other Species ...... 23 5.0 CRITICAL HABITAT ...... 26 6.0 RESULTS ...... 26 6.1 Environmental Setting ...... 26 6.2 Soils ...... 27 6.3 Habitat Types ...... 29 6.3.1 Potential Impacts and Recommended Mitigation ...... 38 6.4 Native Trees ...... 39 6.4.1 Potential Impacts and Recommended Mitigation ...... 39 6.5 Wetlands and Waters of the U.S ...... 41 6.5.1 Potential Impacts and Recommended Mitigation ...... 41 6.6 Stream Characterization and Aquatic Species ...... 42 6.6.1 Impacts Discussion (Location 1) ...... 49 6.6.2 Impacts Discussion (Location 2) ...... 49 6.7 Wildlife and Plant Species Observed Within the Project Site ...... 50 6.8 Federally Listed Plant Species ...... 51 6.9 Migratory Birds...... 59 6.9.1 Potential Impacts and Recommended Mitigation ...... 60 7.0 INTERRELATED AND INTERDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES ...... 61 8.0 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ...... 61 9.0 CONCLUSIONS AND DETERMINATION ...... 62 10.0 REFERENCES ...... 64

Analytical Environmental Services i Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Regional Location ...... 2 Figure 2 Site and Vicinity ...... 3 Figure 3 Aerial Parcel Map ...... 5 Figure 4 Site Plan – Alternative B...... 7 Figure 5 Watershed Map ...... 10 Figure 6 CNDDB 5-Mile Radius Map ...... 19 Figure 7 Soils Map ...... 28 Figure 8 Habitat Map ...... 30 Figure 9 Site Photographs – Terrestrial Habitat Types ...... 31 Figure 10 Site Photographs – Aquatic Habitat Types ...... 35 Figure 11 Wetland Delineation Map ...... 36 Figure 12 Drainage Photographs – Unnamed Drainage Channel (Location 1) ...... 44 Figure 13 Drainage Photographs –Unnamed Tributary to Windsor Creek (Location 2) ...... 45 Figure 14 Drainage Photographs – Offsite Drainage ...... 46

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Assessor’s Parcel Numbers within the Project Site ...... 4 Table 2 Summary of Biological Surveys for the Lytton Residential Property ...... 20 Table 3 Federal Special-Status Plants With Potential to Occur Within the Project Site ...... 22 Table 4 Regionally Occurring Non-Federal Species ...... 23 Table 5 Summary of Habitat Types Within the Project Site ...... 29 Table 6 Estimated Acreages and Percent Impacts to Habitats (All Alternatives) ...... 38 Table 7 Tree Impact Summary for each Project Alternative ...... 40 Table 8 Summary of Mitigation Ratios for the Federally Listed Plants of the Santa Rosa Plain ...... 55

ATTACHMENTS

Attachment A USFWS, CNDDB, and CNPS Scientific Database Queries Attachment B Regionally Occurring Special-Status Species for the Lytton Residential Project Site Attachment C Wildlife Species Observed Within the Project Site Attachment D Plant Species Observed Within the Project Site Attachment E Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys

Analytical Environmental Services ii Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment Biological Assessment

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Analytical Environmental Services (AES) has prepared this Biological Assessment (BA) for the Lytton Residential Development Project (proposed project). This BA has been prepared in support of an application to the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) to place approximately 124.12 acres of land into federal trust (proposed action) for the Lytton Rancheria of California (Tribe) and the construction of a residential development complex that would include housing units and other associated facilities. This BA has been prepared to facilitate consultation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) and was prepared in accordance with legal requirements set forth under Section 7 of the Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) (16 USC 1536 (c)) concerning the effects of the proposed project.

The purpose of this BA is to review the proposed project in sufficient detail to determine the extent to which the project may affect any federally listed or candidate special-status species, designated or proposed critical habitat, and designated or proposed Essential Fish Habitat (EFH). For the purposes of this BA, federally listed species include those plant and animal species that are listed as endangered or threatened under the FESA of 1973, species that are formally proposed for listing, and species that are listed as candidate species and species of concern by USFWS and NMFS. This BA addresses the following goals:

• Characterizes the habitat types present within the project site; • Evaluates the potential for the occurrence of federally endangered, threatened, proposed, or candidate species within the action area; • Utilizes the best scientific and commercial information available to assess the potential for the proposed project to adversely impact federally listed species and designated critical habitat; and • Recommends mitigation measures designed to avoid or minimize project-related impacts.

1.1 PROJECT LOCATION The project site is located within the Russian River Valley, west of Interstate Highway 101, east of the Russian River, and is approximately one mile west of the Town of Windsor, within unincorporated Sonoma County, California (Figure 1). The project site occurs within Sections 14, 15, and unsectioned areas of Molinos, Township 8 North, and Range 9 West, Mount Diablo Baseline and Meridian (MDBM) in the “Healdsburg, CA” U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle (USGS, 1993) (Figure 2). It is located within the Russian Watershed, Hydrologic Unit Code #18010110 (USGS, 1978). The project site is composed of fourteen Sonoma County assessor parcel numbers (APNs) which are proposed to be put into trust for the Tribe. These APNs, listed in order from west to east, are

Analytical Environmental Services 1 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment SCALE

Project Site

NORTH 0 3mi 6mi Sonoma County

PROJECT SITE

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: Microsoft Street & Trips, 2004; AES, 2010 Figure 1 Regional Location LEGEND

Property Boundary

Creek/Drainage

Feet

0 1,500 3,000

Los Amigos Rd Grapevine Ln

Arata Ln

Ashley Dr

HerbRd 101

Rio Ruso Dr Old Redwood Hwy Gumview Rd

Fontana Rd Starr View Dr

RockstrechRd

ErikaDr

RUSSIANRIVER U

N UNNAMED A Windsor River Rd M

DRAINAGE E DITCH D

StarrRd

U T

WindsorRd

A R

EastsideRd Y

Kloer Rd Richardson Rd

Reiman Ln

Oak Way

Cooper Way Russian River Gravel Company Rd

K E E Jones Rd R C R O S D N I

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: "Healdsburg, CA” USGS 7.5 Topographic Quadrangle, Sections 14, 15, and unsectioned areas of Molinos, T8N, R9W, Mt. Diablo Baseline & Merdian; Sonoma County GIS Data, 2/9/2007; AES, 2010 Figure 2 Site and Vicinity Biological Assessment

discussed in further detail in Table 1. An aerial photograph of the project site that depicts the project site boundary and included parcels is presented as Figure 3.

TABLE 1 ASSESSOR’S PARCEL NUMBERS WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Town of Windsor Sonoma County Zoning/ APN Acreage Zoning Classification Land Use Classification 066-300-028 5.00 N/A AR/ RR 066-300-033 12.51 N/A AR/ RR 066-300-031 50.47 N/A AR/ RR 066-300-023 a 1.22 N/A AR/ RR 066-300-017 a 3.60 N/A AR/ RR 066-191-016 a 4.11 N/A AR/ RR 066-191-019 a 2.28 N/A AR/ RR 066-191-021 a 1.25 N/A AR/ RR 066-191-020 2.45 N/A AR/ RR 066-191-022 11.96 LDR/ E AR/ RR 066-191-018 0.002 LDR AR/ RR 066-191-017 9.27 LDR/ E AR/ RR 066-450-040 a 9.86 LDR/ E AR/ RR 066-050-047 a b 10.14 LDR AR/ RR Total 124.12 Codes: Town of Windsor: N/A: Not applicable; parcels located outside Town of Windsor Sphere of Influence/ Urban Growth Boundary LDR (Zoning): Low-Density Residential E (Land Use): Special Planning Area E a Parcel added to fee-to-trust application and site plan alternatives under the Final EA b Parcel located within Town of Windsor limits

Sonoma County: AR (Zoning): Agriculture and Residential District RR (Land Use): Rural Residential Source: AES, 2011; Sonoma County Permit and Resource Planning Department, 2010; Town of Windsor, 2005.

1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The proposed action and associated project would include the transfer of approximately 124.12 acres of land into federal trust for the Tribe and construction of Tribal housing units, a community center, a retreat facility, a roundhouse structure and associated facilities. More extensive information regarding the proposed project development is provided in the Final Environmental Assessment (EA) for the Lytton Residential Development (AES, 2011).

As discussed in the Final EA, the preferred alternative for the proposed project is Alternative A, which includes 147 residential units, where the Town of Windsor provides the sewer and water connections. Alternative B is similar to Alternative A, but includes the construction of water and wastewater facilities for on-site water and wastewater treatment and reclamation. Alternative B is further analyzed by two options: the first option involves on-site tertiary treatment and seasonal reclamation with surface water discharge when permitted (October 1-May 14), or when waste discharge flows is greater than one percent of the receiving stream’s flow. The second option involves complete on-site tertiary treatment and

Analytical Environmental Services 4 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment LEGEND

Project Parcels

Feet H RT NO ¢Ð ! 0 250 500

APN 066-050-040 (9.86ac) APN 066-050-047 (10.14ac)

APN 066-300-023 (1.22ac)

Windso r River Rd APN APN APN APN 066-300-017 066-300-033 066-191-021 066-300-028 (3.60ac) (12.51 Acres) (1.248ac) (5.0 Acres) APN 066-191-019 (2.28ac)

APN APN 066-191-016 066-191-020 (4.11 Acres) (2.45 Acres)

APN 066-300-031 APN (50.47 Acres)

EastsideR d 066-191-022 APN (11.96 Acres) 066-191-018 (0.002 Acres) APN 066-191-017 (9.27 Acres)

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: AEX Aerial Photograph, 11/1/2008; AES, 2011 Figure 3 Aerial Parcel Map Biological Assessment

reclamation. Alternative C includes the on-site water and wastewater facilities, but provides only 55 residential units. Alternative D is the No-Action alternative. Although Alternative A is the preferred alternative; Alternative B has the largest on-site footprint due to the addition of the water and wastewater treatment/ reclamation facilities and an approximately four-acre effluent detention basin in the northern portion of the project site. Treated effluent irrigation land will include landscaped areas such as parks, housing landscaping and other areas. As such, the site plan for Alternatives B was used for this analysis because it has the largest on-site potential impacts to biological resources. The site plan for Alternative B is presented as Figure 4 and proposed project components are briefly explained below.

HOUSING Under Alternatives A and B, approximately 147 housing units could be constructed, utilizing three different housing types. Low-density housing (approximately 95 units) would act as single-family homes, to be connected by the primary or secondary roadways throughout the trust property. Cottage- style housing (approximately 24 units) would consist of smaller homes, predominantly located in the middle section of the trust property to the west of the proposed Community Center. High-density housing (approximately 28 units) would serve as fourplexes just east of the proposed Community Center (Figure 4). Alternative C would consist of 35 units of low-density housing, 12 units of cottage-style housing and 8 units of high-density housing.

ROAD IMPROVEMENTS A new two-lane roadway would be constructed for the proposed project to provide access to the residences and facilities on-site. This new roadway would connect to Windsor River Road at three separate locations on APNs 066-300-031, 066-300-033, and 066-191-021 and would traverse the entire project site (Figure 4). Stop signs would be installed at the three project access driveways on Windsor River Road.

DRAINAGE AND GRADING The topography on-site generally drains storm and surface waters to the east and to the west, with both directions ultimately connecting to the Russian River. Drainage to the west of the project site occurs via drainage ditches that are part of the Town of Windsor’s roadside stormwater drainage system, which flow to an old gravel quarry that is adjacent to the Russian River. Drainage to the east of the project site occurs via an ephemeral drainage that outlets into an unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek and flows to Mark West Creek before joining the Russian River.

If Alternative B or C is chosen, the Tribe shall obtain a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Permit from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for all construction site surface and storm-water runoff during the construction phase of the proposed project in compliance with the Clean Water Act (CWA). A Storm Water Pollution and Prevention Plan (SWPPP) would be prepared, implemented, and maintained throughout the construction phase of the development, consistent with USEPA General Permit requirements. The SWPPP would detail appropriate Best Management

Analytical Environmental Services 6 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment LEGEND

Property Boundaries Cottage Housing, 24 units Proposed Effluent Storage Basin

R! Primary Well Location High Density Housing, 28 units Proposed Optional Wastewater Treatment Facilities

Proposed Trail Low Density Housing, 95 units Proposed Park

Proposed Backup Well - Primary Water Storage Tank Proposed Parking E Feet L C H Proposed Retreat Facility Proposed Roadway IR RT C

N NO ¢Ð ! 0 175 350 O Proposed Ceremonial Dance Circle Proposed Roundhouse T

N I

Proposed Community Center L

Proposed Effluent Storage Basin L

E V

Primary Well Location I

R A

Proposed Retreat Facility L

T G

Proposed Optional Wastewater N I

Treatment Facilities Location 1 S

E K WINDSOR RIVER ROAD

D A

O Proposed Backup Well R

Primary Water Storage Tank

S A

E Proposed Park Proposed Roundhouse

Proposed Ceremonial Dance Circle

Proposed Proposed Wastewater Community Center Treatment Facilities Location 2

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: Adobe Associates, 2010; Aerial Express aerial photograph, 11/2008; AES, 2011 Figure 4 Site Plan - Alternative B Biological Assessment

Practices (BMPs) to be implemented during construction and post-construction operation of the proposed project. Due to the variability of topography within the project site, grading would be required in various areas for construction of the proposed project. A comprehensive grading and drainage plan will be prepared for the proposed project and will meet the current USEPA standards.

UTILITIES Electrical and telephone infrastructure facilities are currently located near the project site. The Tribe will coordinate with Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) and AT&T regarding the extension of services to the project site. The project would use propane, not natural gas, which it will contract from local supply companies in the area.

WATER SUPPLY The project site is located outside of the Town of Windsor boundaries, with the exception of APN 066- 050-047. However, APNs 066-191-017, 066-191-018, 066-191-022, 066-050-040 and 066-050-047 which comprise approximately 41.23 acres of the project site, are within the sphere of influence of the Town of Windsor (Table 1). Under Alternative A, the Tribe would tie into the Town of Windsor public water supply system, which would require the Tribe to enter into a service agreement and for the Town of Windsor to amend its General Plan and voter approval to allow for connections outside town limits to occur. Under Alternatives B and C, the Tribe would provide its own water supply to the project site from on-site well(s) as detailed in the water and wastewater feasibility study that has been prepared for the project site (Eco:Logic, 2010a). The on-site water supply system for the project site would meet or exceed federal water quality and safety standards and would be subject to the required federal inspections for drinking water.

WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL Under Alternative A, the Tribe would dispose of wastewater from the project site through a connection to the nearby Windsor municipal sewer system. The Tribe would be required to enter into a service agreement with the Town of Windsor, which is responsible for the treatment, storage, and disposal of the Town’s wastewater. Under Alternatives B and C, the Tribe would build a wastewater treatment and reclamation facility (WTRF) to treat wastewater to tertiary standards. If the first option under Alternative B is chosen, discharge from the WTRF would be reclaimed on-site to the maximum extent feasible, with the remaining treated effluent to be discharged to surface water at one of two locations. Surface water disposal is regulated under the conditions of a NPDES permit from the USEPA for wastewater treatment and disposal in compliance with the CWA. Under the second option of Alternative B, complete on-site disposal of treated effluent would involve storage/ detention basins and landscape irrigation. As shown in Figure 4, the WTRF would be constructed in the northwestern (location 1) or southeastern corner (location 2) of the project site.

If located in the northwestern corner (location 1), the WTRF would discharge tertiary treated wastewater onsite (anticipated to be held in trust by the federal government prior to this occurring), where it would

Analytical Environmental Services 8 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment Biological Assessment

flow into a roadside drainage adjacent to Windsor River Road. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, this drainage flows off-site and into the Town of Windsor’s roadside stormwater drainage system, near the intersection of East Side Road and Windsor River Road. If the WTRF is located in the southeastern corner of the project site (location 2), the facility would discharge from on- site (trust property) into an unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek that flows along the eastern boundary of the project site. As shown in Figure 5, Windsor Creek connects to Mark West Creek, which connects to the Russian River. Issuance of a NPDES permit is considered a separate federal action with the USEPA as the lead agency and the Tribe would be required to comply with all conditions of the permit.

STORM-WATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM Surface runoff generally flows off-site to the east into an unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek and to the west into the Town of Windsor’s roadside stormwater drainage system. In either direction, surface flows from within the project site ultimately connect to the Russian River. The project site does not currently have a stormwater drainage system, given that it is undeveloped. However, a system will be designed for the proposed project and will be a component of project development. A stormwater drainage plan will be implemented that involves storm drain inlets, storm-water conveyance pipelines, vegetated swales and modern storm filter vaults, the use of additional bioretention measures to reduce the levels of sedimentation and contaminants in runoff waters, check dams, and a bio retention pond (Adobe Associates, 2010). Stormwater drainage within the project site would be accomplished such that off-site stormwater flows are maintained at rates that are consistent with the pre-existing conditions.

1.3 INTERRELATED AND INTERDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES Interrelated and interdependent activities are those that activities that occur as a result of the proposed project. These activities would not occur and would not be required without the proposed project and they do not have any independent utility on their own. However, interrelated and interdependent activities; if they occur, may result in impacts to biological resources and the effects of these activities can be direct or indirect. These impacts will be addressed in Section 7 of this BA.

1.4 PURPOSE AND NEED The Tribe’s purpose for taking the 124.12 acres of land into trust is for the development of a residential community, a community center, and associated Tribal facilities. The Lytton Tribe consists of approximately 270 Tribal members that are currently dispersed throughout Sonoma County and state and do not have an identifiable community of their own. The proposed acquisition would bring together Tribal members into a community by providing adequate housing and associated facilities to improve the quality of life of the Tribal members. Acceptance of the subject parcels into federal trust would assist the Tribe in meeting a long-term, viable, and sustainable solution to the Tribe’s lack of adequate housing and provide a place to congregate for governmental and social purposes.

Analytical Environmental Services 9 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment LEGEND

Property Boundary Town of Windsor Feet Effluent Discharge 9 8 7 Location Connecting Drainage 10 UNNAMED 1 Upper Limit of Anadromy 0 1,250 2,500 DRAINAGE 11 Russian River 12 4 2 3 Photo Points (Referenced in Figures 12, 13, & 14) 5

N N

E D

T 13 R I B U T A R Y 14

EK E R C R O S D N I 15 W

P OOL CR EEK

R E V I R N A SCALE: 1"=1000' I S S S R U

K 8 EE 9 R C WINDSOR RIV ERRD R 7 O S

N I

W 10 UNNAMED 1 11 DRAINAGE 2 12 4 K R E US E SIA CR N 3 Y R LE IV EA AL E V R ST 5 EN E SI R

G D ERD 6 UN NA Y

MAR M K WEST CR EE E K MARK

W D E ST

C T R 17 & 18 E R E I K B

A R Y

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: Sonoma County GIS Data, 2/9/2007; City of Santa Rosa aerial photograph, 10/23/2003; AES, 2010 Figure 5 Watershed Map Biological Assessment

1.5 PREVIOUS STUDIES The following is a list of previous studies that have been conducted for the project site: • Preliminary Biological Analysis and Recommendations 50-Acre Windsor River Road Project Site (Monk and Associates, 1999) • Environmental Constraints Report Lytton Windsor Housing (AES, 2007) • Environmental Assessment: Lytton Residential Development (AES, 2009a) • Cultural Resources Study: Lytton Residential Development (AES, 2009b) • Wetland Delineation Report: Lytton Residential Development (AES, 2010a) • Arbor Survey Report: Lytton Residential Development (AES, 2010b) • Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys for the Lytton Residential Development Project Site (AES, 2010c; Attachment E) • Stream Characterization: Lytton Residential Development (AES, 2010d) • Preliminary Geologic/Geotechnical Study Report: Lytton Windsor Residential Development (RHG Inc., 2008) • Traffic Impact Study: Windsor Community (Abrams Associated Traffic Engineering, Inc., 2010) • Lytton Rancheria Water and Wastewater Feasibility Study (Eco:Logic Engineering, 2010a) • Hydrogeologic Investigation Report: Lytton Rancheria Project (Eco:Logic Engineering, 2010b) • Lytton Residential Development Preliminary Review and Recommendations for Grading and Drainage (Adobe Associates, 2010)

2.0 SUMMARY OF CONSULTATION TO DATE

The lead agency for the proposed project is the BIA. As such, this report will be submitted to the BIA as an attachment to the EA for the proposed project. To date, informal consultation (e.g., baseline research using the USFWS database queries for regionally occurring special-status species and personal phone communications between AES staff and resource agency staff) has occurred. The BIA formally requested Section 7 consultation on August 3, 2009 for the fee-to-trust process with the EA and BA released for public review in July 2009 for a smaller, 92-acre application with the same project components. A letter was submitted to the Sacramento USFWS office on February 10 and March 5, 2010 requesting a status update on the Section 7 consultation. Since these letters, the Tribe has purchased an additional 32.12 acres contiguous to the original fee-to-trust property proposed for a revised site plan and alternatives, requiring this revised BA and EA (AES, 2011).

3.0 REGULATORY SETTING

This section summarizes the applicable federal regulations regarding biological resources within the project site. The regulatory context of the proposed project is derived from federal laws that govern the

Analytical Environmental Services 11 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment Biological Assessment

protection of biological resources. The fundamental laws included within the scope of this BA are the FESA and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). Other state and local laws such as the California Endangered Species Act (CESA), the California Fish and Game Code (including the Natural Communities Conservation Planning Act), the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), and relevant goals and policies within the Sonoma County General Plan (Sonoma County, 2008) are not addressed within this BA.

FEDERAL ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT The USFWS and NMFS implement the FESA (16 USC Section 1531 et seq.). Under the FESA, federally listed threatened and endangered species (50 CFR Section 17) are protected from take (defined as direct or indirect harm) unless a Section 10 incidental take permit is granted or a Section 7 consultation and a Biological Opinion (BO) with incidental take provisions is provided. Pursuant to the requirements of the FESA, agencies reviewing proposed projects within their jurisdictions must determine whether any federally listed species have the potential to occur within a proposed project site and if the proposed project would have any potentially significant impacts upon such species. Under the FESA, habitat loss is considered an impact to a listed species. In addition, these agencies are required to determine whether the project is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any species proposed for listing under the FESA or result in the destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat proposed to be designated for such species (16 USC Section 1536 et seq.). Therefore, project-related impacts to these species, or their habitats, would be considered significant and require mitigation. The USFWS also maintains a list of candidate species, which are considered during environmental review, though they are not formally protected under the FESA. Candidate species may become proposed for official listing.

SANTA ROSA PLAIN CONSERVATION STRATEGY The USFWS, in cooperation with the USEPA, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board (NC- RWQCB), and other local jurisdictions and interests, has developed a strategy to conserve and contribute to the recovery of several federally listed species of the Santa Rosa Plain and their habitats. This document is titled The Santa Rosa Plain Conservation Strategy (Conservation Strategy) and identifies potential habitat and survey guidelines for the five listed species that are known to occur within the Santa Rosa Plain area that reaches from the City of Cotati north to the Town of Windsor and encompasses the project site (USFWS, 2005a). These species include the federally endangered California tiger salamander (CTS) (Ambystoma californiense), federally endangered Sonoma sunshine (Blennosperma bakeri), federally endangered Burke’s goldfields (Lasthenia burkei), federally endangered Sebastopol meadowfoam (Limnanthes vinculans), and federally endangered many-flowered navarretia (Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha).

The project site falls outside the known range of CTS (USFWS, 2005a); refer to Section 4.3. However, the project site is within the range of the four listed plant species that are known to occur on the Santa Rosa Plain. As such, determinant-level protocol surveys are required in accordance with the

Analytical Environmental Services 12 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment Biological Assessment

Conservation Strategy. In order to substantiate negative findings for the four listed plant species, the Conservation Strategy requires a minimum of two years of negative protocol survey results for future permitted actions. The protocol requires that at least three separate floristic surveys be conducted during the duration of the growing season within the project site for two consecutive years and that each one of these three floristic surveys be conducted at a time when at least one of the four listed plant species is identifiable (i.e., blooming) at a local reference site. Should these criteria not be met, USFWS will assume presence for all four listed plant species.

Additional information regarding permitting requirements is available in a Programmatic Consultation for USACE 404 Permitted Projects that May Affect Four Endangered Plant Species on the Santa Rosa Plain, California (File Number 223420N) (USFWS, 2007). USFWS requires mitigation for impacted aquatic features that constitute suitable habitat for the four listed plant species (i.e., wetland features that are not occupied by the four listed plant species) and the mitigation ratios vary according to whether or not presence of these plant species is documented, assumed, or substantiated-negative. By definition, suitable habitat for the four listed plant species includes suitable vegetative conditions in combination with specified topographic and hydrologic conditions. Vegetative conditions such as areas that support vernal pool indicator species and seasonal wetland areas where weedy grasses contribute less than 90 percent of the relative vegetation cover must be present (CH2M Hill, 1998). These vegetative conditions must occur in combination with one or more topographic and hydrologic conditions: the wetland area has not been entirely filled such that the wetland no longer floods or ponds and the original topography no longer exists, the wetland has an outlet barrier or occurs in depressional terrain, or the wetland contains surface water during the rainy season in a normal rainfall year for seven or more consecutive days (CH2M Hill, 1998).

WETLANDS AND OTHER WATERS OF THE U.S. Any project that involves the discharge of dredged or fill material in navigable and other waters of the U.S., including wetlands, must first obtain authorization from the USACE, under Section 404 of the CWA. The USACE also regulates activities in navigable waters of the U.S. under the Rivers and Harbors Act (Sections 9 and 10). Activities such as construction of any structures in or over navigable waters of the U.S., or other work that may affect the course, location, condition, or physical capacity of navigable waters may require a USACE permit. The USEPA, USFWS, NMFS, and several other agencies provide comments on USACE permit applications. The USACE has established a series of nationwide permits (NWP) that authorize certain activities in waters of the U.S.

In addition, a Section 401 Water Quality Certification Permit was established to comply with CWA Sections 301, 302, 303, 306 and 307 and is regulated by the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) except on federal property where the USEPA retains jurisdiction. When the subject site is, as proposed, taken into trust, the USEPA will be the 401 lead agency. Anyone that proposes to conduct a project that may result in a discharge to U.S. surface waters and/or “waters of the state” including wetlands (all types) year round and seasonal streams, lakes and all other surface waters would require a

Analytical Environmental Services 13 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment Biological Assessment

federal permit or water quality certification. At a minimum, any beneficial uses lost must be replaced by a mitigation project of at least equal function, value and area.

SONOMA COUNTY TREE ORDINANCE State and local laws and ordinances addressing the protection of oaks and other trees are not applicable to trust lands, however, the standards and recommended requirements for tree preservation within the Sonoma County Tree Ordinance (Article 02: §26-02-140, Article 67: §26-67-005 through §26-67-050, and Article 88: §26-88-010 and §26-88-140) have been considered. The trees within the project site are not protected under federal law. The Sonoma County Code provides a level of protection for several native tree species, including: big leaf maple (Acer macrophyllum), black oak (Quercus kelloggii), blue oak (Quercus douglasii), coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), interior live oak (Quercus wislizenii), madrone (Arbutus menziesii), oracle oak (Quercus morehus), Oregon oak (Quercus garryana), redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), valley oak (Quercus lobata), California bay (Umbellularia california), and their hybrids with diameter at breast height (DBH) greater than nine inches. In addition, the Sonoma County Tree Ordinance (Ordinance) mandates additional protection for valley oak trees and valley oak woodlands that occur within a designated Valley Oak Habitat (VOH) Combining District as defined in the Open Space and Resource Conservation Element in the Sonoma County General Plan 2020 (Policy OSRC-7m: Sonoma County, 2008). The Ordinance requires that valley oak trees within the VOH Combining District with single trunks over 20 inches DBH, or multiple trunks with cumulative DBH exceed 60 inches be preserved to the maximum extent feasible and replaced if preservation is not feasible.

TERTIARY TREATED DISCHARGE The proposed wastewater treatment facilities and surface water discharge points will be on trust land under the jurisdiction of the USEPA which will require a Region 9 issued NPDES permit. Although the jurisdiction and regulatory obligations fall under federal authority for this project the general basin plan water quality standards and beneficial use designations that have been established by the NCRWQCB would be adhered to under the regulatory authority of the EPA. The Regional Board has stated the ways in which surface water can be used, either directly or indirectly, by humans in addition to the dependence inherent to the environment use, are termed “beneficial uses.” Beneficial uses specific to water bodies within Sonoma County are identified within the Water Quality Control Plan, North Coast Region (Basin Plan; NCRWQCB, 2007). The Basin Plan identifies beneficial uses specific to the Guerneville and Mark West Creek Hydrologic Subareas of the Russian River Watershed. Each beneficial use requires different chemical or physical criteria for its protection. Water quality objectives for a particular water effluent source are geared to “the most sensitive use.”

The following have been designated by the NCRWQCB (2007) as existing beneficial uses for the Guerneville* and Mark West Creek Hydrologic Subareas: • Municipal and Domestic Supply • Agricultural Supply • Industrial Service Supply

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• Groundwater Recharge • Freshwater Replenishment • Navigation • Water Contact Recreation • Non-Water Contact Recreation • Commercial and Sport Fishing • Warm Freshwater Habitat • Cold Freshwater Habitat • Wildlife Habitat • Rare, Threatened, or Endangered Species • Migration of Aquatic Organisms • Spawning, Reproduction, and/or Early Development • Estuarine*(Guerneville Subarea only)

Additionally, the following have been identified by the NCRWQCB (2007) as potential beneficial uses for the Guerneville and Forsythe Creek Hydrologic Subareas: • Industrial Processes Supply • Hydropower Generation • Shellfish Harvesting • Aquaculture

In order to prevent surface waters within the Russian River watershed from becoming effluent-dominated, the Basin Plan provides specific limitations to the timing of effluent discharges into surface waters of the watershed (NCRWQCB, 2007). Specifically, discharge of wastewaters is prohibited between May 15th and September 30th, and during all periods when the wastewater discharge would be greater than one percent of the streamflow of the receiving water body.

MIGRATORY BIRD TREATY ACT Most bird species are protected under both federal and state regulations, especially those that are breeding, migratory, or of limited distribution. Under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) of 1918 (16 USC Sections 703-712) federally listed (50 CFR Section 10), migratory bird species, their nests, and their eggs are protected from injury or death, and any project-related disturbances during the nesting cycle. As such, any potential project-related disturbances must be reduced or eliminated during the nesting cycle.

BALD AND GOLDEN EAGLE PROTECTION ACT The Bald Eagle Protection Act was originally enacted in 1940 to protect bald eagles and was later amended to include golden eagles (16 USC Subsection 668-668). This act prohibits the taking or possession of and commerce in bald and golden eagles, parts, feathers, nests, or eggs with limited exceptions. The definition of take includes pursue, shoot, shoot at, poison, wound, kill, capture, trap,

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collect, molest or disturb. Bald eagles may not be taken for any purpose unless a permit is issued prior to the taking. Activities which can be authorized by permit are: scientific collecting/research, exhibition, tribal religious, depredation, falconry, and the taking of inactive golden eagle nests, which interfere with resource development or recovery operations. The statute imposes criminal and civil sanctions as well as an enhanced penalty provision for subsequent offenses.

MAGNUSON-STEVENS FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT ACT The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSFA) conserves and manages the fishery resources found off the coasts of the U.S., the anadromous species, and the Continental Shelf fishery resources of the United States, including the conservation and management of highly migratory species through the implementation and enforcement of international fishery agreements. The NMFS enforces the MSFA and regulates commercial and recreational fishing and the management of fisheries resources. The Sustainable Fisheries Act of 1996 amended the MSFA to include new fisheries conservation provisions by emphasizing the importance of fish habitat in regards to the overall productivity and sustainability of U.S. marine fisheries (Public Law 104-267).

Under the MSFA, NMFS identifies, conserves, and enhances Essential Fish Habitat (EFH) for those species regulated under a federal Fisheries Management Plan (FMP). EFH is defined as “those waters and substrates necessary to fish for spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity.” The EFH Regulatory Guidelines (50 CFR 600.110) further interpret this definition as:

• Waters include aquatic areas and their associated physical, chemical, and biological properties that are used by fish and may include aquatic areas historically used by fish where appropriate. • Substrate includes sediment, hard bottom, structures underlying the waters, and associated biological communities. • Necessary means the habitat required to support a sustainable fishery and the managed species’ contribution to a healthy ecosystem. • “Spawning, breeding, feeding, or growth to maturity” covers a species’ full life cycle.

Federal agencies are required to consult with NMFS on all actions or proposed actions authorized, funded, or undertaken by the agency, which may adversely affect EFH (MSFA 305.b.2). Adverse affects are any impacts that reduce the quality and/or quantity of EFH. Adverse affects can include direct (e.g., contamination or physical disruption), indirect (e.g., loss of prey or reduction in species fecundity), site- specific or habitat-wide impacts, including individual, cumulative, or synergistic consequences of actions (50 CFR 600.810).

There are four FMPs in California, Oregon, and Washington that identify EFH for groundfish, coastal pelagic species, Pacific salmon, and Pacific highly migratory fisheries. The Pacific Coast groundfish FMP manages over 82 species (e.g., rockfish, sablefish, flatfish, and Pacific whiting). Species considered pursuant under this FMP often, though not exclusively, occur on or near the ocean floor or other

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structures. The coastal pelagic species FMP manages finfish such as sardine, mackerel, anchovy, and the market squid. Species addressed in this FMP tend to occur nearer to the surface and EFH for these species is based on temperature range, life history cycles, and geographic distributions of these species. The Pacific salmon FMP includes both marine and freshwater EFH because of the unique biology of these species. As such, lakes, rivers, streams, ponds, wetlands, and other bodies of water that were historically accessible to salmon are considered EFH, including certain areas above artificial barriers. The FMP for highly migratory species manages mobile fishes such as tuna, swordfish, and sharks. EFH identified in this FMP is typically is defined in terms of area, depth, temperature, salinity, oxygen levels, currents, and topography.

4.0 METHODOLOGY

For the purposes of this BA, the action area is the Lytton Residential Development Project site and immediately surrounding vicinity (i.e., roadways). The action area is defined as and solely includes the terrestrial and aquatic habitats within the project boundary and adjacent roadways. As mentioned in Section 1.2, the footprint of Alternative B was analyzed for the scope of this document because it has the maximum build-out of any of the proposed alternatives. However, Alternative A is the preferred alternative. If Alternative B is ultimately chosen, an NPDES permit would be required to permit effluent wastewater discharges under the strict NCRWQCB Basin Plan requirements. This action would be authorized under the jurisdictional authority of USEPA Region 9. On trust lands, this is a separate federal action by the USEPA.

4.1 PRELIMINARY RESEARCH Prior to conducting the field surveys AES biologists reviewed the following resources:

• Aerial photographs of the project site; • USGS “Healdsburg, California” 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle (USGS, 1993); • Online Soil Survey of Sonoma County, California (NRCS, 2010); • A USFWS list of federally listed special-status species with potential to occur within Sonoma County and the “Healdsburg, California” 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle and the eight surrounding quadrangles (“Jimtown,” “Mount Saint Helena,” “Mark West Springs,” “Santa Rosa,” “Sebastopol,” “Camp Meeker,” “Guerneville,” and “Geyserville”) (USFWS, 2009; query date December 24, 2009); • A California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) list of state and federally listed special-status species with potential to occur within the “Healdsburg, California” 7.5- minute topographic quadrangle and the surrounding eight quadrangles (CDFG, 2003; query date December 24, 2009); • A CNDDB map of state and federally listed special-status species that have been documented within a five-mile radius of the project site (CDFG, 2003; mapped June 2010);

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• A California Native Plant Society (CNPS) list of special-status plant species with potential to occur within the “Healdsburg, California” 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle and the surrounding eight quadrangles (CNPS, 2009; query date December 24, 2009); and • A query of the CDFG Anadromous Fish Passage Database (CDFG, 2010).

The USFWS, CNDDB, and CNPS research lists of regionally occurring special-status species are included for reference purposes in Attachment A. The CNDDB five-mile radius map is included as Figure 6.

4.2 FIELD SURVEYS AND ANALYSIS AES staff has conducted approximately 346 observer-hours of biological field surveys throughout the project site. These surveys were conducted various months over the period of four years (Table 2). The surveys were conducted on foot and the entire project site has been evaluated extensively. During the surveys, the habitat types on-site were classified and further evaluated for the occurrence of and the overall potential to support special-status plant and animal species. Habitat classification was based on the systems presented in A Manual of California Vegetation (MCV) (Sawyer et al., 2009), Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Communities of California (Holland, 1986), and A Guide to Wildlife Habitats of California (Mayer and Laudenslayer, Jr., 1988), but have been modified to reflect the existing site conditions.

All visible plant and wildlife species were noted and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level, which is required for accurate identification and reporting. All tracks, scat, etc. observed on-site were also noted. Plant species identification, nomenclature, and taxonomy followed The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California (Hickman, 1993) and A Flora of Sonoma County (Best et al., 1996). Wildlife identification, nomenclature, and taxonomy followed standard reference texts including: Sibley Field Guide to Birds of Western North America (Sibley, 2003), Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians (Stebbins, 2003), and Mammals of North America (Reid, 2006) and Mammals of California (Jameson and Peeters, 2004).

A complete list of all of the regionally occurring special-status species reported in the scientific database queries was compiled for the project site (Attachment B). An analysis to determine which of these special-status species have the potential to occur within the project site was conducted. The habitat requirements for each regionally occurring special-status species were assessed and compared to the type and quality of habitats observed on-site during the field surveys. Several regionally occurring special- status species were eliminated due to lack of suitable habitat within the project site, elevation range, lack of suitable soil/substrate, and/or distribution. The analysis was also based on reviews of resource agency materials, pertinent scientific literature, aerial photography of the project site, topographic maps of the project site, and other local information, as well as, field work by AES biologists and botanists.

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Property Boundary 8 - fragrant fritillary 17 - pallid bat 26 - serpentine daisy

Special Status Species Area 101 9 - great blue heron 18 - Pennell's bird's-beak 27 - Sonoma alopecurus

1 - Baker's navarretia 10 - hoary bat 19 - Pitkin Marsh lily 28 - Sonoma sunshine

2 - Blennosperma vernal pool andrenid bee 11 - many-flowered navarretia 20 - Rincon Ridge ceanothus 29 - steelhead - central California coast DPS er Vall nd ey Rd xa le 3 - Burke's goldfields L Rd 12 - marsh microserisA 21 - Rincon Ridge manzanita 30 - Vine Hill ceanothus ytton Sprin gs C h 4 - California linderiella i 13 - narrow-anthered California brodiaea 22 - robust monardella 31 - Vine Hill manzanita q u i t D a ry 5 - coho salmon - central CCaliforniar coast ESU R 14 - Navarro roach 23 - Russian River tule perch 32 - western pond turtle e d e k R 6 - dwarf downingia d 15 - Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool 24 - seaside tarplant 33 - white-tailed kite

7 - foothill yellow-legged frog 16 - osprey 25 - Sebastopol meadowfoam 128 Feet

0 4,500 9,000

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16 32 d i n R Fitch Mounta

FrontSt 32 22 Mill St 9

23 14

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BrooksRd S 33 wee twa ter 13 Sprin gs C Rd o 3 n HembreeLn d e 4 L Pleasant Ave n 32 29 F a u g h

WindsorRd R

d 1826 32 24 Shiloh Rd 3 3 3 3 15 7 d ide R 6 3 1 3 O s t ld

s 1 3 3 3 R e 25 e 11 d W 3 w 6 3 o 28 3 o d 3 H 3 25 3 w 3 Airport Blvd y 32 16 3 3 3 3 20 32 3 3 32 3 3 32 32 d 3 R

d Fulton Rd de R gs stsi rin Ea t Sp 24 River Rd Mark Wes

Trenton Rd Slusser Rd 31 19 25 3 3 3 6 17 10 28 3 2 Hopper Ave 20 21 116 CoveyRd 27

Mirabel Rd 31 31 30 3 Piner Rd

OlivetRd

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: "Healdsburg, CA" 100K USGS Topographic Quadrangle; California Natural Diversity Database, 6/2010; AES, 2010 Figure 6 CNDDB 5-Mile Radius Map Biological Assessment

TABLE 2 SUMMARY OF BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS FOR THE LYTTON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY Survey Dates Purpose Personnel Effort April 5 and 30, 2007 20 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys Sean Marquis – Biologist Dan Schrimsher - Biologist May 30, 2007 16 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys Adrienne Edwards - Plant Ecologist/ Botanist Sean Marquis – Biologist July 31 and August 1, 32 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys; Kirstie Haydu (Scarazzo) - 2007 wetland delineation Botanist Sean Marquis - Biologist March 3-5, 26-27, 2008 72 hours Biological and arborist surveys, wetland Kirstie Haydu (Scarazzo) - delineation and stream characterization Botanist Sean Marquis - Biologist Kenna Lehman - Biologist April 18, 2008 12 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys; Kelly Buja - Biologist wetland delineation Sean Marquis - Biologist May 23, 27, 2008 30 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys Kristie Haydu - Botanist Kenna Lehman - Biologist October 16, 17, 2008 32 hours Biological and arborist surveys, wetland Kristie Haydu - Botanist delineation Kenna Lehman - Biologist December 3, 2008 16 hours Arborist surveys Kristie Haydu - Botanist Kenna Lehman - Biologist March 11, 24, 2009 32 hours Biological and arborist surveys, wetland Kristie Haydu - Botanist delineation and stream characterization Kenna Lehman – Biologist Benjamin Barker - Biologist April 20, 2009 8 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys Kristie Haydu - Botanist May 14, 2009 8 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys Kristie Haydu - Botanist June 29, 2009 8 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys Kristie Haydu - Botanist April 9, 2010 16 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys Adrienne Edwards - Plant Ecologist/ Botanist Ona Alminas - Biologist May 10, 2010 8 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys, Adrienne Edwards - Plant wetland delineation Ecologist/ Botanist Ona Alminas - Biologist June 8, 14, 2010 20 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys, Adrienne Edwards - Plant wetland delineation Ecologist/ Botanist Jessica Griggs - Biologist July 8, 2010 16 hours Biological and focused botanical surveys, Adrienne Edwards - Plant wetland delineation Ecologist/ Botanist Jessica Griggs - Biologist Source: AES, 2011, 2009a.

The floristic survey efforts were conducted according to the Conservation Strategy Protocol (USFWS, 2005a) and occurred within the appropriate bloom periods for all potentially occurring special-status plant species. A more explicit description of the methodology and results of the floristic surveys that have been conducted within the project site to date is included in the Technical Botanical Memorandum (Attachment E). One additional year of protocol level surveys is required for some of the more recently acquired parcels. An update to the Technical Botanical Memorandum will be completed following these surveys.

A general examination of the project site was conducted to assess the overall distribution, density, and

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structure of native trees on site. A detailed arborist assessment was conducted within a selected subset area of the project site and the portions that are located within the VOH Combining District. Following this assessment, data was evaluated and an analysis conducted to extrapolate the total numbers of trees within the project site and their approximate sizes. In addition, the entire project site was surveyed for exceptional (i.e., heritage) trees and specifically surveyed the riparian corridor along the eastern boundary of the site. A large subset area near the center of the project site was selected for detailed surveys. This subset area was chosen because it has a high density of trees and is a suitable representation of tree distribution within the remainder of the project site. Arbor surveys were conducted on March 3, 4, and 5, October 16 and 17, December 3, 2008, and a subsequent survey was conducted on March 11, 2009. Within the selected subset survey area, a comprehensive tree inventory of all trees that were greater than nine inches DBH was performed, as recommended in the Sonoma County Ordinance. Each of these trees was marked with a numbered aluminum tag and the location was mapped in the field using a handheld global positioning system (GPS) unit with sub-meter accuracy (Trimble GeoXT). Tree species identification, nomenclature, and taxonomy followed The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California (Hickman, 1993). AES staff also collected a limited amount of arbor survey data for trees along the eastern and western project boundaries, within riparian areas, and along proposed roadways. Results of the arborist survey and analysis are detailed in the Arborist Report (AES, 2010b).

To analyze the proposed discharge points in support of the potential NPDES requirements, AES biologists conducted a stream characterization of both the unnamed drainage channel described for wastewater location 1 and the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek described for location 2 (AES, 2010d). Data regarding the ambient physical and biological conditions of these stream channels was gathered on and within the vicinity of the project site. This allows for an evaluation of the potential impacts to downstream beneficial uses resultant from proposed effluent discharges. The unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek was assessed using the RWQCB Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program Bioassessment Procedures (Ode, 2007). These methods were modified to reflect channel conditions during the assessment of the unnamed drainage channel on the northwestern corner of the project site (proposed WTRF location 1).

4.3 FEDERALLY LISTED SPECIES For the purposes of this assessment, special-status has been defined to include those species that are listed as endangered or threatened under the FESA (or formally proposed and/or candidates for listing). While other state and/or CNPS-listed species may have potential to occur within the project site and its vicinity (and have been included in the baseline research that was conducted for the Proposed Project), these species generally receive no specific protection on Tribal trust land and are not necessarily afforded protection by the FESA.

Six federal special-status plant species were determined to have potential to occur within the project site and are addressed within this BA (Attachments B and E). Species determined to have no potential to

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occur within the project site are not further discussed within this document. The federally listed plant species determined to have potential to occur on-site include:

• Sonoma alopecurus (Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis), • Sonoma sunshine (Blennosperma bakeri), • Burke’s goldfields (Lasthenia burkei), • Pitkin Marsh lily (Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense) • Sebastopol meadowfoam (Limnanthes vinculans), and • Many-flowered navarretia (Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha).

No federal special-status animal species were found to have potential to occur within the project site, including California Tiger Salamander. The project site falls outside the known range of the salamander (USFWS, 2005a) and no suitable habitat occurs within the project site for this species (Attachment B). The name, regulatory status, distribution, habitat requirements, and period of identification for the federal special-status plants determined to have potential to occur on-site are identified in Table 3.

TABLE 3 FEDERAL SPECIAL-STATUS PLANTS WITH POTENTIAL TO OCCUR WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Federal/ Scientific Name Period of State/ CNPS Distribution Habitat Requirements Common name Identification Status Plants Alopecurus aequalis var. FE/--/1B Known to occur in Marin and Marshes and swamps May - July sonomensis Sonoma counties. (freshwater) and riparian Sonoma alopecurus scrub. Elevations: 5 to 365 meters. Blennosperma bakeri FE/CE/1B Known to occur in Sonoma Valley and foothill grassland March - May Sonoma sunshine County. and vernal pools. Elevations: 10 to 110 meters. Lasthenia burkei FE/CE/1B Known to occur in Lake, Meadows and seeps (mesic) April - June Burke’s goldfields Mendocino, Napa, and and Vernal pools. Elevations: Sonoma counties. 15 to 600 meters. Lilium pardalinum ssp. FE/CE/1B Known to occur in Sonoma Cismontane woodland, June - July pitkinense County. meadows and seeps, and Pitkin Marsh lily marshes and swamps (freshwater, mesic, sandy). Elevations: 35 to 65 meters. Limnanthes vinculans FE/CE/1B Known to occur in Napa and Meadows and seeps, Valley April - May Sebastopol meadowfoam Sonoma counties. and foothill grassland, and vernal pools (vernally mesic). Elevations; 15 to 305 meters. Navarretia leucocephala FE/CE/1B Known to occur in Lake and Vernal pools (volcanic ash May - June ssp. plieantha Sonoma counties. flow). Elevations: 30 to 950 many-flowered navarretia meters. STATUS CODES FEDERAL: United States Fish and Wildlife Service FE Federally Endangered STATE: California Department of Fish and Game CE California Endangered CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY 1B Plants Rare, Threatened, or Endangered in California and Elsewhere

SOURCE: USFWS, 2009; CDFG, 2003; CNPS, 2009

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4.4 OTHER SPECIES

An additional 19 non-federal special-status species (state or CNPS listed) were identified as having potential to occur within the project site (Table 4). Of these, fourteen are CNPS list 1B through 4.3 plants, and five are animal species. Only two plant species (both CNPS list 4.2 species) are known from four years of surveys of the project site: Harlequin lotus (Lotus formosissimus) and Lobb’s aquatic buttercup (Ranunculus lobbii). These two species were found during plant surveys predating 2010 within wetlands that will be avoided by project design (Attachment E). No other non-federal special-status species have been observed within the project site during field surveys encompassing 2007-2010.

TABLE 4 REGIONALLY OCCURING NON-FEDERAL SPECIES SCIENTIFIC FEDERAL/ NAME, STATE/ HABITAT PERIOD OF DISTRIBUTION COMMON CNPS REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFICATION NAME STATUS Plants Castilleja --/--/4.21 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Coastal bluff scrub, coastal March - August ambigua ssp. Costa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Mendocino, prairie, coastal scrub, ambigua Marin, Napa, Santa Cruz, San Francisco marshes and swamps, Valley (unverified), San Luis Obispo, San and foothill grassland, vernal Johnny-nip Mateo, Sonoma, as well as Oregon and pool margins. Elevations: 0 Washington. to 435 meters. Centromadia --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Butte, Colusa, Glenn, Chaparral, coastal prairie, May - November parryi ssp. Lake, Napa, San Mateo, Solano, and meadows and seeps, parryi Sonoma counties. marshes and swamps (coastal salt), and Valley and pappose foothill grassland (vernally tarplant mesic/often alkaline). Elevations: 2 to 420 meters. Downingia --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Fresno, Merced, Occurs in Valley and foothill March-May pusilla Napa, Placer, Sacramento, San Joaquin, grassland (mesic) and vernal Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, pools. Elevations: 1 to 445 dwarf and Yuba counties. Also occurs in South meters. downingia America. Elymus --/--/4.31 Known to occur in Marin, Santa Cruz, Broadleaf upland forest, May - August californicus San Mateo, Sonoma counties. cismontane woodland, North Coast coniferous forest, California riparian woodland. bottlebrush Elevations: 15 to 470 meters. grass Fritillaria --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Occurs in cismontane February-April liliacea Costa, Monterey, Marin, San Benito, woodland, coastal prairie, Santa Clara, San Francisco, San Mateo, coastal scrub, and Valley and fragrant Solano, and Sonoma counties. foothill grassland/often fritillary serpentinite. Elevations: 3 to 410 meters. Hemizonia --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Marin, Mendocino, Valley and foothill grasslands April - November congesta ssp. San Francisco, and Sonoma counties. (sometimes roadsides). congesta Elevations: 20 to 560 meters. seaside tarplant/pale yellow hayfield tarplant Legenere --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Alameda, Lake, Napa, Vernal pools, sloughs April - June limosa Placer, Sacramento, Santa Clara, ephemeral stock ponds Shasta, San Joaquin, San Mateo, (CDFG, 2003). Elevations: 1 Legenere Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus Tehama, to 880 meters. and Yuba counties.

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SCIENTIFIC FEDERAL/ NAME, STATE/ HABITAT PERIOD OF DISTRIBUTION COMMON CNPS REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFICATION NAME STATUS 1 Leptosiphon --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Butte, Chaparral, cismontane April - July acicularis Contra Costa (unverified), Fresno, woodland, coastal prairie, Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Marin, and Valley and foothill Bristly Napa, Santa Clara, San Mateo, and grassland. Elevations: 55 to leptosiphon Sonoma counties. 1,500 meters. Lilium --/--/4.21 Known to occur in Del Norte, Glenn, Broadleaf upland forest, April - August rubescens Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, chaparral, lower montane Santa Cruz*, Shasta, Siskiyou, Sonoma, coniferous forest, North Redwood lily and Trinity counties. Coast coniferous forest, upper montane coniferous forest/sometimes serpentinite, sometimes roadsides. Elevations: 30 to 1,750 meters. Lotus --/--/4.21 Known to occur in Del Norte, Humboldt, Broadleaf upland forest, March - July formosissimus Mendocino, Monterey, Marin, San Benito, coastal bluff scrub, closed Santa Cruz, San Francisco, San Luis cone coniferous forest, Harlequin lotus Obispo, San Mateo, and Sonoma cismontane woodland, counties, as well as Oregon and coastal prairie, coastal scrub, Washington. meadows and seeps, marshes and swamps, North Coast coniferous forest, Valley and foothill grassland/wetlands, roadsides. Elevations: 0 to 700 meters. This species was observed within a wetland area of parcels surveyed prior to 2010. Microseris --/--/1B Known to occur in Mendocino, Monterey, Occurs in closed-cone April-June (July) paludosa Marin, San Benito, Santa Cruz, San coniferous forest, cismontane Francisco (though may be extirpated), woodland, coastal scrub, and marsh San Luis Obispo, San Mateo (though Valley and foothill grassland. microseris may be extirpated), and Sonoma Elevations; 5-300 meters. counties. Navarretia --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Occurs in cismontane April-July leucocephala Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Solano, woodland, lower montane ssp. bakeri Sonoma, Sutter, Tehama, and Yolo coniferous forest, meadows Counties. and seeps, Valley and foothill Baker’s grassland, and vernal pools navarretia (mesic). Elevations: 5 to 1,740 meters. Perideridia --/--/4.21 Known to occur in Contra Costa , Kern, Broadleaf upland forest, June - October gairdneri ssp. Los Angeles (may be extirpated), chaparral, coastal prairie, gairdneri Mendocino, Monterey, Marin, Napa, Valley and foothill grassland, Orange (may be extirpated), San Benito, vernal pools/ vernally mesic Gairdner’s Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Diego areas. Elevations: 0 to 365 perideridia (may be extirpated), San Luis Obispo, meters. San Mateo (may be extirpated)(unverified), Solano, and Sonoma counties. Ranunculus --/--/4.21 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Cismontane woodland, North February - May lobbii Costa, Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Santa Coast coniferous forest, Cruz (may be extirpated)(unverified), San Valley and foothill grassland, Lobb’s aquatic Mateo (may be extirpated)(unverified), Vernal pools/mesic areas. buttercup Solano, and Sonoma counties, as well as Elevations: 15 to 470 meters. Oregon This species was observed within a wetland area of parcels surveyed prior to 2010. Reptiles

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SCIENTIFIC FEDERAL/ NAME, STATE/ HABITAT PERIOD OF DISTRIBUTION COMMON CNPS REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFICATION NAME STATUS Actinemys --/CSC/-- In California, primarily north of the San Ponds, marshes, rivers, March - October marmorata Francisco Bay Area and west of the streams, and irrigation marmorata Sierra Nevada Range. ditches with aquatic vegetation. Requires northwestern basking sites and suitable pond turtle upland habitat for egg laying. Nest sites most often characterized as having gentle slopes (<15%) with little vegetation or sandy banks. 0 to 1,525 meters. Birds Ardea --/--/-- Range extends from Alaska through Shallow estuaries, ponds, Year round herodias Canada and into northern South roadside ditches, fresh and America. In California, occurs in saline emergent wetlands great blue northern, central and southern counties and other wetland areas. heron across the state. Less common along riverine and rocky marine shores, in croplands, pastures, and in mountains above foothills. Elanus --/CFP/-- Permanent resident of coastal and valley Habitats include savannah, Year round leucurus lowlands. open woodland, marshes, partially cleared lands and white-tailed cultivated fields, mostly in kite lowland situations. Nesting occurs in trees. Mammals Antrozous --/CSC/-- Locally common species at low Habitats occupied include Year Round pallidus elevations. It occurs throughout grasslands, shrublands, California except for the high Sierra woodlands, and forests from pallid bat Nevada from Shasta to Kern cos., and sea level up through mixed the northwestern corner of the state from conifer forests, generally Del Norte and western Siskiyou cos. to below 2,000 meters. The northern Mendocino Co. species is most common in open, dry habitats with rocky areas for roosting. Roosts also include cliffs, abandoned buildings, bird boxes, and under bridges. Taxidea taxus --/CSC/-- Found throughout most of California in Suitable habitat occurs in the Year Round suitable habitat. drier open stages of most American shrub, forest, and badger herbaceous habitats with friable soils. Badgers are generally associated with treeless regions, prairies, parklands, and cold desert areas. Cultivated lands have been reported to provide little usable habitat for this species.

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SCIENTIFIC FEDERAL/ NAME, STATE/ HABITAT PERIOD OF DISTRIBUTION COMMON CNPS REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFICATION NAME STATUS 1This species is not documented within the CNDDB because it is not listed pursuant through the CEQA review process. Though it is not required for the NEPA review process, CNPS recommends that List 3 and List 4 plant species also be considered. AES considered CNPS List 3 and 4 species during plant surveys; see Attachment E for more detail.

STATUS CODES

FEDERAL: United States Fish and Wildlife Service FE Federally Endangered

STATE: California Department of Fish and Game CE California Listed Endangered CSC California Species of Special Concern CFP California Fully Protected Species

CNPS: California Native Plant Society List 1B Plants Rare, Threatened, or Endangered in California and Elsewhere List 2 Plants Rare, Threatened, or Endangered in California (But More Common Elsewhere) List 3 Plants About Which More Information is Needed List 4 Plants of limited distribution

Months in parenthesis are uncommon. SOURCE: USFWS 2009; CDFG 2003; CNPS 2009.

5.0 CRITICAL HABITAT

Critical habitat is defined in Section 3 of the FESA as (i) the specific areas within the geographical area occupied by a species, at the time it is listed in accordance with the Act, on which are found those physical and biological features (I) essential to the conservation of the species and (II) that may require special management considerations or protection; and (ii) specific areas outside the geographical area occupied by the species at the time it is listed, upon a determination that such areas are essential for the conservation of the species (16 USC Section 1531 et seq.). Critical habitat for the central California coast steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus) ecological significant unit (ESU) was designated in 2005 within Windsor Creek, approximately 1.5 miles south of the project site. Critical habitat for the central California coastal Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tswawytscha) ecological significant unit (ESU) was designated in 2005 within the Russian River, approximately 1.5 miles west of the project site (Attachment B). Other designated critical habitats occur further from the project site and are discussed in greater detail in Attachment B. Critical habitat has not yet been designated for Sonoma alopecurus, Sonoma sunshine, Burke’s goldfield’s, Pitkin Marsh lily, Sebastopol meadowfoam, or many-flowered navarretia. However Sonoma sunshine, Burke’s goldfield, Sebastopol meadowfoam and many-flowered navarretia are covered by the Santa Rosa Plain Conservation Strategy (USFWS, 2005a).

6.0 RESULTS

6.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The project site is located in central Sonoma County, within the Russian River Valley. Sonoma County has a Mediterranean climate regime characterized by hot, dry, sunny summers and cool, rainy winters.

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Offshore winds and fog from the Pacific Ocean are common and these factors tend to moderate the climate in Sonoma County. Evening temperatures are frequently much cooler than midday temperatures and mornings are prone to coastal fog. The mean annual temperature range near the Town of Healdsburg is approximately 46° to 74° Fahrenheit (F). The average annual precipitation near the Town of Healdsburg is approximately 42 inches, with a maximum of approximately 8.81 inches during the month of January. This climate data was collected from 1931 to 2007 (WRCC, 2007).

The project site is composed of gently rolling terrain and is situated at elevations that range from approximately 95 feet to 220 feet (29 to 67 meters) above mean sea level. An unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek is located along the eastern boundary and the Russian River is located approximately 1,071 meters (3,515 feet) west of the project site. The Russian River Valley falls within climate Zone 14 “Ocean-influenced Northern and Central California.” Climate Zone 14 includes inland areas with oceanic or other cold air influence. This climate zone is a linear region that runs from Humboldt County to Santa Barbara County. The local and regional geology is within the Outer North Coast Range (NCoRO) geomorphic province, and is characterized by redwood, mixed-evergreen, and mixed-hardwood forests and by very high rainfall. This geomorphic province occurs within the greater California Floristic Province (Ca-FP), thus is equivalent to “cismontane” as often cited in other scientific texts (Hickman, 1993).

The project site is situated in a rural residential/agricultural setting near the Town of Windsor, approximately one mile west of the town center. APNs 066-191-017, 066-191-018, 066-191-022, 066- 050-040 and 066-050-047, which comprise approximately 41.23 acres of the project site, are within the sphere of influence of the Town of Windsor (Table 1). APN 066-050-047 is the only parcel within the Town of Windsor limits. Specific surrounding land uses include rural residences, agriculture (vineyards and pastures), and undeveloped parcels. The project site is predominantly undeveloped and uncultivated. However, several abandoned and/or occupied residences and associated structures are located on-site. Twelve existing residences and other associated buildings are located within APNs 066-300-033, 066- 300-028, 066-191-020, 066-191-017, 066-300-023, 066-300-017, 066-191-016, 066-191-019, 066-191- 021 and 066-050-040.

6.2 SOILS According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) online Soil Survey for Sonoma County, seven soil units, or types, have been mapped within the project site (NRCS/USDA, 2010). These include: (AeA) Alluvial Land, clayey; (AgE) Arbuckle gravelly sandy loam, 15 to 30 percent slopes; (Cgc) Clough gravelly loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes; (FaD) Felta very gravelly loam, 5 to 15 percent slopes; (FaF) Felta very gravelly loam, 30 to 50 percent slopes; (HtC) Huichica loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes; and (SkD) Spreckels loam, 9 to 15 percent slopes. A map that illustrates the extent of the soil types within the project site is provided as Figure 7. (AeA) Alluvial Land, clay is the only one of the seven soil units mapped on-site that contains listed hydric inclusions

Analytical Environmental Services 27 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment HtC

CgC

Windsor River Rd HtC

FaF AgE AeA SkD

HtC SkD

Eastside Rd SOIL TYPES FaD Feet

Property Boundary H

T AgE

Soil Types O

Ð !¢N AgE 0 250 500 PROJECT AREA SOILS AeA - ALLUVIAL LAND, CLAYEY FaF AgE - ARBUCKLE GRAVELLY SANDY LOAM, 15 TO 30 PERCENT SLOPES CgC - CLOUG H GRAVELLY LO AM, 2 TO 9 PERCENT SLOPES FaD - FELTA VERY GRAVELLY LOAM, 5 TO 15 PERCENT SLOPES FaF - FELTA VERY G RAVELLY LOAM, 30 TO 50 PERCENT SLOPES HtC - HUICHICA LO AM, 2 TO 9 PERCENT SLOPES SkD - SPRECKELS LOAM, 9 TO 15 PERCENT SLOPES

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE:USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, 12/13/2006; Sonoma County GIS; DigitalGlobe Aerial Photograph, 9/20/2003; AES, 2011 Figure 7 Soils Map Biological Assessment

and/or components. It is composed of alluvial land components, which include soils that are frequently flooded for long or very long duration during the growing season (NRCS/USDA, 2010).

6.3 HABITAT TYPES Potential to Occur On-site: The project site contains a variety of terrestrial and aquatic habitat types. Six terrestrial habitats were identified on-site including: mixed oak woodland, oak savannah, annual grassland, mixed riparian, pasture, and ruderal/developed. Six aquatic habitat types were observed on-site including: seasonal wetland, seasonal wetland swale, stock pond, isolated pit, perennial stream and ephemeral drainage. A summary of the terrestrial and aquatic habitat types identified within the project site and the approximate acreages of each type is provided in Table 5. A map that illustrates the terrestrial and aquatic habitat types within the project site is presented as Figure 8. Representative photographs of terrestrial habitats are provided in Figure 9.

TABLE 5 SUMMARY OF HABITAT TYPES WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Habitat Type Acres Percent Area

Terrestrial Habitats

Annual Grassland 5.48 4.41 Mixed Oak Woodland 53.59 43.14 Oak Savannah 8.21 6.61 Mixed Riparian 1.56 1.26

Pasture 36.78 29.61 Ruderal/Developed 16.99 13.68

Aquatic Habitats Ephemeral Drainage 0.379 0.31 Isolated Pit 0.022 0.02 Seasonal Wetland 0.624 0.5 Seasonal Wetland Swale 0.273 0.22 Stock Pond 0.266 0.21 Perennial Drainage 0.036 0.03

TOTAL 124.12 100% Source: AES, 2011.

TERRESTRIAL HABITATS ANNUAL GRASSLAND Approximately 5.48 acres of annual grassland habitat was mapped within the project site, which represents 4.41 percent of all habitat types (Table 5, Figure 8). Annual grassland habitat is scattered in small patches throughout the mixed oak woodland and oak savannah habitats on the project site, as well as a grassy hillside within APN 066-300-023 of approximately one acre. Trees are largely absent within this community type and it is generally dominated by non-native annual grasses and forbs. Native

Analytical Environmental Services 29 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment LEGEND

Property Boundaries

WATERS AND WETLANDS

Perennial Drainage

Ephemeral Drainage

E L Isolated Pit C R I C Stock Pond N

Seasonal Wetland G

Seasonal Wetland Swale E W HABITAT TYPES

Annual Grassland

Mixed Oak Woodland

Mixed Riparian

Oak Savannah

Pasture E

A L

Ruderal/Developed

N O

Feet T

S N

¢NORTH Ð 0 175 350 E

! K

WINDSOR RIVER ROAD

A E

Lytton Property Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: Aerial Express aerial photograph, 11/2008; AES, 2011 Figure 8 Habitat Map PHOTO 1 PHOTO 4 Annual Grassland Oak Savannah

PHOTO 2 PHOTO 5 Mixed Oak Woodland Mixed Riparian

PHOTO 3 PHOTO 6 Pasture Ruderal / Developed

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: AES, 2011 Figure 9 Site Photographs – Terrestrial Habitat Types Biological Assessment

grasses found commonly in these areas included California oatgrass (Danthonia californica), blue wildrye (Elymus glaucus), and purple needlegrass (Nassella pulchra). Non-native grasses common within this habitat type included vernal grass (Anthoxanthum aristatum), wild oat (Avena fatua), quaking grass (Briza maxima), hedgehog dog-tail grass (Cynosurus echinatus), annual rabbit-foot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis), small patches of medusa-head grass (Taeniatherum caput-medusae), and rat-tail vulpia (Vulpia myuros). Non-native brome grasses (Bromus spp.) were notably uncommon in these areas. Native forbs commonly observed were harvest brodiaea (Brodiaea elegans), soap plant (Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. pomeridianum), blue dicks (Dichelostemma capitatum), plantain (Plantago erecta), mule’s ears (Wyethia glabra), Ithuriel’s spear (Triteleia laxa), sun cup (Camissonia ovata), buttercup (Ranunculus californicus) and butter and eggs (Triphysaria eriantha). Non-native forbs commonly observed were bur chervil (Anthriscus caucalis), filaree (Erodium botrys), Klamath weed (Hypericum perforatum), sanicle (Sanicula crassicaulis), common sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceous), torilis (Torilis arvensis), and vetch species (Vicia sativa and V. villosa).

MIXED OAK WOODLAND Mixed oak woodland is the dominant habitat type within the project site. Approximately 53.59 acres of mixed oak woodland habitat was mapped within the project site, which represents 43.14 percent (Table 4, Figure 8). The overstory of this community is composed of mature blue oak (Quercus douglasii), black oak (Quercus kellogii), coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), and madrone (Arbutus menziesii) trees. More specifically, Black Oak Forest Alliance (Sawyer et al., 2009) is found on ridgetops and slopes in the northwest quadrant of APN 066-300-031, as well as APNs 066-300-033 and 066-300-028. The Black Oak Forest Alliance is dominated by black oak (> 50 percent) in the canopy, with madrone and coast live oak as subdominants. Non-riparian woodlands elsewhere on the project site are Blue Oak Woodland Alliance (Sawyer et al., 2009), where blue oak is dominant (> 50 percent) in the tree canopy, with coast live oak subdominant. Shrub and vine species observed within the oak woodlands on the project site include: poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum), Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus), coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis), scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius), pipevine (Aristolochia californica), and honeysuckle (Lonicera hispidula). The understory of this community is dominated by annual grasses and forbs, observed species included annual vernal grass, wild oat, quaking grass, hedgehog dog-tail grass, soap plant, filaree, Klamath weed, skunkweed (Navarretia squarrosa), blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium bellum), torilis, rose clover (Trifolium hirtum), and bird’s beak (Cordylanthus pilosus). The majority of the woodland stands within the mixed oak woodland habitat consist of a monoculture of trees that appear to have become established within the same time period. The woodland stands on site are dense with overcrowding, competition, and a majority of specimens with multiple suppressed boles from an arborist standpoint. Several stands of oak trees have dead limbs, higher rates of disease, insect infestation, parasites, build-up of woody debris (i.e., fuel), and a thick, jagged, and impenetrable overstory. In general, the oak woodlands in the project site have relatively high fuel build-up, and the density of trees and fuels pose a potential fire threat.

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OAK SAVANNAH Approximately 8.21 acres of oak savannah habitat was mapped within the project site, which represents 6.61 percent (Table 5, Figure 8). The mixed oak savannah habitat type within the project site is very similar to the mixed oak woodland habitat type, except for the density of trees. The mixed oak savannah habitat type is composed of fewer trees and they are spaced at much greater distances. The plant species composition is the same as described for mixed oak woodland above, with the exception of the shrub/vine layer. The shrub/vine stratum is largely absent within this community.

MIXED RIPARIAN Approximately 1.56 acres of mixed riparian habitat was mapped within the project site, which represents 1.26 percent (Table 5, Figure 8). Mixed riparian habitat occurs along several of the drainages that were mapped within the project site. Plant species observed in the tree layer of this community include Valley oak (Quercus lobata), willows (Salix spp.), and Fremont’s cottonwood (Populus fremontii). The dominant plant species observed within the shrub/vine layer of this community are Himalayan blackberry and poison oak. Other plant species observed within the herbaceous layer of this community include: ryegrass, little quaking grass (Briza minor), and blue wild-rye.

PASTURE Pasture and developed areas dominate the eastern portion of the project site. Approximately 36.78 acres of pasture habitat occurs within the southeastern region of the project site, which represents 29.61 percent (Table 5, Figure 8). Pasture south of Windsor River Road appears to be used primarily for horses, and pasture north of Windsor Road has been used primarily for cattle in recent years. Trees and shrubs are sparse within this community, although, remnant stands of blue oak woodland persist and there are a few stands of planted ornamental shade trees. Pasture differs from annual grassland habitat in overall plant species composition and the distribution of native species, which reflects more intensive management through periodic plowing and seeding. Occasional natives observed on-site included California oatgrass and purple needlegrass in pastures on the north side of Windsor River Road. Pastures on the south side of Windsor River Road contained a greater cover of weedy forbs and non-native grasses. Dominant non- native grasses included: wild oat, quaking grass, ripgut brome, soft brome, barley (Hordeum murinum), ryegrass, medusa-head grass, and rat-tail vulpia. Non-native forbs that were common in the pasture included filaree, bur chervil, torilis, prickly sow thistle (Sonchus asper), Shamrock clover (Trifolium dubium), rose clover, vicia species, pineapple weed (Chamomilla suaveolens), field mustard (Brassica rapa), black mustard (Brassica nigra), Shepard’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), bindweed/morning glory (Convolvulus arvensis), cut-leaved geranium (Geranium dissectum), shortpod mustard (Hirschfeldia incana), perennial/rough cat’s ear (Hypochaeris radicata), Spanish clover (Lotus purshianus), yellow wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) and sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella). The following native forbs observed within pasture habitat include: soap plant, buttercup, sun cup, butter and eggs, dove weed (Eremocarpus setigerus), bicolored lupine (Lupinus bicolor), and bracted popcorn flower (Plagiobothrys bracteatus).

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RUDERAL/DEVELOPED Approximately 16.99 acres of ruderal/developed habitat was mapped within the project site, which represents 13.68 percent (Table 5, Figure 8). The areas classified as ruderal/developed habitat within the project site include all existing residences and structures, any landscaped areas, roads and parking areas, and otherwise disturbed regions. Non-native landscape plants observed in these areas included English walnut (Juglans regia), London plane tree (Platanus x acerifolia), Eucalyptus (Eucalytpus species), fig (Ficus carica), pomegranate (Punica granatum), apple (Malus species), plum (Prunus species), heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica), periwinkle (Vinca major), and English ivy (Hedera helix). Weedy forbs observed within this habitat type included non-native sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), mayweed (Anthemis cotula), bindweed, bristly oxtongue (Picris echioides), shortpod mustard, bur clover (Medicago polymorpha), filaree, English plantain (Plantago lanceolata), prostrate knotweed (Polygonum arenastrum), ripgut brome, wild oat, harding grass (Phalaris aquatica) and various lawn grasses.

AQUATIC HABITATS AES staff conducted a formal wetland delineation within the project site (AES, 2010a). A total of 1.6 acres of potential waters of the U.S. were mapped within the 124.12 acres comprising the project site. Six aquatic feature types that were identified on-site include: seasonal wetland, seasonal wetland swale, stock pond, isolated pit, perennial drainage and ephemeral drainage (Table 5). Representative photographs of aquatic habitats are provided in Figure 10. The wetland delineation map is provided in Figure 11. A discussion of the wetlands and other waters mapped on-site is presented below.

EPHEMERAL DRAINAGE Ephemeral drainages are linear features that exhibit an OHWM and have a clearly defined bed and bank. They are seasonal features that typically convey rainwater and surface runoff flows seasonally and for short time periods. The channels within ephemeral drainages tend to be largely unvegetated due to the scouring effects of flowing water. If plants do occur within ephemeral drainages, they tend to occur within the upper limits of the drainage or in areas where sediment has deposited that can function as a plant substrate. Unlike intermittent drainages, ephemeral drainages are not typically influenced by groundwater. Nine ephemeral drainages were mapped within the project site for a total of 0.379 acre or 8,270.18 linear feet (AES, 2010a). This habitat type comprises approximately 0.31 percent of the habitats on-site. Plant species observed within these feature types include: blue oak, coast live oak, madrone, ryegrass, torilis, shortpod mustard, sedge (Carex densa), tall flatsedge (Cyperus eragrostis), poverty rush (Juncus tenuis), pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium), fiddle dock (Rumex pulcher), and hedge nettle (Stachys ajugoides).

Analytical Environmental Services 34 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment PHOTO 1: View northeast of perennial drainage PD-1. PHOTO 4: View northwest of seasonal wetland SW-4.

PHOTO 2: View southeast of ephemeral drainage ED-5. PHOTO 5: View north of isolated pit IP-1.

PHOTO 3: View north of seasonal wetland swale SWS-1. PHOTO 6: View south of stock pond SP-1.

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: AES, 2011 Figure 10 Site Photographs - Aquatic Habitat Types SOURCE: Aerial Express aerial photograph, 11/2008; AES, 2011 AES, 11/2008; photograph, aerial Express Aerial SOURCE: WATERS AND WETLANDS AND WATERS ! ¢ ±± ÐNO RTH Seasonal Wetland Swale Wetland Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Pond Stock Pit Isolated Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Perennial Culvert Pit Point/Soil Data 2010 Pit Point/Soil Data 2007-2009 Boundaries Property

EASTSIDE RD 350 175 0 LEGEND

ED-7 Feet DP 20 DP DP 18 DP DP 21 DP

±±

SWS-1 DP 22N DP SWS-1 ED-5 19N DP

ED-6 DP 17N DP DP 15 DP

DP 16N DP SW-4 ED-5 SW-4

DP 13 DP ED-5

DP 10N DP DP 14N DP ED-3

ED-4 DP 8 DP DP 11DP

ED-1 IP-2 IP-2 DP 9 DP

DP 12N DP ±± ±±±± ±±

DP 9N DP ED-1 IP-1 IP-1 DP 7 DP ED-2 DP 1 DP DP 2N DP DP 8N DP SW-3 DP 4 DP SW-3 SW-1 SW-1 DP 3 DP DP 5N DP

DP 7 DP ED-1 DP 6N DP SW-2 SW-2 DP 23N DP SWS-3 DP 6 DP DP 5 DP SW-7 SWS-3 SW-7 ±± ED-2 ±± 6 DP

±± W

N D

DP 5 DP S

DP DP1 O SP 2 SP SP 2 SP

DP 2 DP R

DP 7 DP

R DP 4 DP DP 4 DP

DP 25N DP I

DP 3 DP V E

DP 3 DP R

DP 1 DP R

DP 2 DP

A D SP 1 SP SP 1 SP

DP 24 DP

SWS-2 SWS-2

ED-8 ED-9

±± ±± ED-1 ±± ±±

DP 27N DP ±± ELLINGTO KENSINGTON LANE W N CIR

DP 29N DP C

SW-6 L SW-6 E PD-1 SW-5 DP 26 DP SW-5 ±± ±± 28 DP Isolated Pit Isolated TYPE Isolated Pit Isolated Perennial Drainage Perennial Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Ephemeral Drainage Ephemeral TYPE SWS-3 SWS-2 SWS-1 Swale Wetland Seasonal Swale Wetland Seasonal Swale Wetland Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Wetland Seasonal Stock Pond Stock Pond WATERS OF THE U.S. TOTALS BYTOTALS THE WATERSFEATUREOF U.S. TYPE Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 / BA Development Residential Lytton DRAINAGE / OTHER WETLANDS ACREAGES WETLAND ACREAGES LABEL AE egh(ierf)Acreage Length (linear ft) LABEL SW-7 SW-6 SW-5 SW-4 SW-3 SW-2 SW-1 PD-1 ED-9 ED-8 ED-7 ED-6 ED-5 ED-4 ED-3 ED-2 ED-1 SP-2 SP-1 IP-1 IP-2 OA:1.187 TOTAL: WetlandDelineation L ELNSTTL 1.600 ALL WETLANDS TOTAL: ACREAGE 16770.103 1116.727 0.096 2980.752 308.033 937.979 544.632 268.392 878.779 375.157 475.424 692.304 0.012 0.016 0.151 0.106 0.146 0.066 0.013 0.114 0.006 0.128 0.151 0.080 0.186 0.010 OA:0.413 TOTAL: Figure 11 0.036 0.043 0.013 0.025 0.052 0.009 0.022 0.016 Biological Assessment

2010a). This habitat type comprises approximately 0.02 percent of the habitats on-site. The two isolated pits may have functioned as watering holes for cattle, test percolation pits, or potential sites for trash disposal. Creeping spikerush (Eleocharis macrostachya) was the dominant plant species observed within the isolated ponds on-site.

SEASONAL WETLAND Seasonal wetlands are typically closed, depressional features that are ephemerally wet due to the accumulation of surface runoff and rainwater collection within low-lying areas. The length of inundation tends to be relatively short and seasonal wetlands are typically dominated by non-native, hydrophytic plant species. Seven seasonal wetlands (approximately 0.624 acres) were mapped within the project site (AES, 2010a). This habitat type comprises approximately 0.5 percent of the habitats on-site. Plant species observed within the seasonal wetlands included blue oak, ryegrass, fiddle dock, quaking grass, poverty rush, hedgehog dog-tail grass, pennyroyal, tall flatsedge, Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), annual vernal grass, curly dock (Rumex crispus), soft brome, Mediterranean barley, white water buttercup (Ranunculus aquatilis), and little quaking grass.

SEASONAL WETLAND SWALE Seasonal wetland swales are typically linear-shaped features that lack a clearly defined bed and bank and do not exhibit an OHWM. The length of inundation within seasonal wetland swales is relatively short and seasonal. These features primarily carry surface runoff and rainwater from areas of higher elevation to areas of lower elevation. Three seasonal wetland swales (approximately 0.273 acres) were mapped within the project site (AES, 2010a). This habitat type comprises approximately 0.22 percent of the habitats on-site. Plant species observed within the seasonal wetland swale mapped within the project site include: valley oak, pennyroyal, tall flatsedge, ryegrass, cut leaved geranium, and curly dock.

STOCK POND Stock ponds are typically man-made pond features which usually have a clearly defined bed and bank and OHWM. Two stock ponds (approximately 0.266 acre) occur within the northern two parcels of the project site (AES, 2010a). This habitat type comprises approximately 0.21 percent of the habitats on-site. Dominant plant species observed within the stock ponds include spikerush and semaphore grass (Pleuropogon californicus); rye grass and wild oats were dominant along upland slopes.

PERENNIAL DRAINAGE Perennial drainages are linear features that exhibit an OHWM, have a clearly defined bed and bank, are typically inundated year-round, and have some degree of ground water contribution. A single perennial drainage (approximately 0.036 acre) was observed within the project site along the eastern boundary (AES, 2010a). This habitat type comprises approximately 0.03 percent of the habitats on-site. This feature is an unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek and is shown as a blue-line stream on the “Healdsburg, CA” USGS quad (Figure 2). Plant species observed within the riparian corridor associated with the

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perennial drainage on-site include Valley oak, blue oak, black oak, willows, Himalayan blackberry and poison oak. Plant species were largely absent within the actual channel due to the scouring effect of flowing water. A representative photograph of a perennial drainage is shown in Figure 10, Photo 1.

6.3.1 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND RECOMMENDED MITIGATION Potential Impacts: The proposed project is likely to result in direct and/or indirect impacts (i.e., development) to the annual grassland, mixed oak woodland, oak savannah, ruderal/ developed, pasture and mixed riparian habitats onsite. Of these habitat types, oak woodland, oak savannah, and mixed riparian are generally considered sensitive. Potential impacts to terrestrial and aquatic habitats by each project alternative are provided in Table 6 below. To the maximum extent possible, the proposed project has incorporated the mixed oak woodland, oak savannah, and riparian woodland habitats into the site design to minimize impacts to these habitats by adjusting the locations of lots and structures, utilize existing roadways and cleared areas to avoid more pristine stands of woodlands and exceptionally large individual trees (heritage trees), maintain woodland corridors, and establish aesthetic woodland buffer regions around development areas. Potential impacts to these habitats (i.e., woodlands) are more specifically addressed below.

TABLE 6 ESTIMATED ACREAGES AND PERENT IMPACTS TO HABITATS (ALL ALTERNATIVES) Alt A Alt B1 Alt B1 Alt B2 Alt B2 Alt C Total Alt A % Alt C % Habitat Type impacts impact % impacts % impact Acreage impact impact (acres) (acres) impact (acres) impact (acres) Terrestrial Habitats Annual Grassland 5.48 1.88 34.31 1.88 34.31 1.88 34.31 0.89 16.24 Mixed Oak Woodland 53.59 17.04 31.80 17.51 32.67 17.04 31.79 12.10 22.57 Oak Savannah 8.21 3.94 48.00 3.94 48.00 5.11 62.24 4.94 60.17 Mixed Riparian 1.56 0 0 0.01 0.64 0 0 0 0 Pasture 36.78 13.75 37.38 13.75 37.38 13.75 37.38 6.33 17.21 Ruderal/Developed 16.99 4.81 28.31 5.47 32.19 4.81 28.31 2.37 13.95

Aquatic Habitats Ephemeral Drainage 0.379 0.0155 4.09 0.0155 4.09 0.0155 4.09 0.0158 4.17 Isolated Pit 0.022 0.00831 37.77 0.00831 37.77 0.00831 37.77 0.00690 31.36 Seasonal Wetland 0.624 0.0159 2.55 0.0159 2.55 0.0159 2.55 0.00630 1.01 Seasonal Wetland Swale 0.273 0 0 0.05 18.32 0 0 0.00260 0.95 Stock Pond 0.266 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Perennial Drainage 0.034 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TOTALS 124.12 41.49 33.43% 42.68 34.39% 42.66 34.37% 26.66 21.48% Source: AES, 2010.

Under the Alternative B, approximately 11.75 and 42.1 acres of land would be required for irrigation of treated wastewater under the 100-year precipitation event (worst case scenario) under the first and second options for Alternative B, respectively. During years of average rainfall, the amount of land required for irrigation would be much lower. Areas proposed for irrigation include landscaped areas such as parks, yards, and residential and communal structure landscaping. Additional irrigation areas include approximately 14 acres within the two parcels north of Windsor River Road (Figure 4). The irrigation of landscaped areas would have no impact on habitats. However, irrigation of the currently unirrigated

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pasture north of Windsor River Road could cause a shift in the species composition of this area. Irrigation could lead to higher concentrations of non-native species within irrigated areas, which could be a benefit to some species and a detriment to others. Since the habitats within the project site are common throughout the region, irrigation in the project site would not constitute a significant impact.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): Impacts to sensitive habitats have been minimized to the extent feasible. Impacts to terrestrial habitats considered sensitive such as mixed riparian and mixed oak woodland and oak savannah do not exceed one third of the total habitat acreage within the project site. In addition, there is no federal requirement for mitigation of impacts to these habitat types. Project design incorporates avoidance and setbacks from mixed riparian habitat as well as identified wetlands and drainages, therefore impacts to aquatic habitats have been minimized to the extent feasible. For all other wetlands identified onsite the requirements as outlined in the 2007 Santa Rosa Plain Programmatic Biological Opinion issued by the Service have been adhered to, while the avoidance, minimization and mitigation of impacts will be consistent with this guidance as well as the guidance provided by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers with regards to the fill of wetlands under Sections 404 and 401 of the CWA. Therefore, in accordance with these requirements, impacts to wetlands will be reduced to less than significant.

6.4 NATIVE TREES Potential to Occur On-site: Upon completion of focused arbor surveys within the subset area where 584 trees were intensively surveyed and tagged, the remainder of the project site was divided into 200 foot by 200 foot quadrates (AES, 2010b). In each quadrate, the general density class, species composition, and the number of trees over nine inches DBH was estimated. Each of the quadrates was assigned a general density class score ranging from one to four based on field reconnaissance and interpretation of aerial photography. The species composition data from the subset trees was extrapolated by density class across the project site to estimate an approximate number of trees within each quadrate with DBH greater than nine inches for each quadrate. With this information, the total number of trees, species composition, and size in each of the quadrates within the project site were estimated. The total number of trees within the entire project site was then estimated. A total of 4,528 trees with DBH greater than nine inches are estimated to be within the project site. The species composition of the trees on-site includes: black oak, blue oak, coast live oak, valley oak, and madrone. Approximately 32 heritage trees were identified throughout the project site (AES, 2010b).

6.4.1 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND RECOMMENDED MITIGATION Potential Impacts: The proposed project has the potential to result in direct impacts (i.e., removal or damage) to oak and other native trees within the sensitive mixed oak woodland and oak savannah habitats onsite. Heritage trees, which were defined for this project as those trees comprised of at least a single bole that measures greater than 33 inches DBH, were mapped throughout the property. This size was chosen based on the Sonoma County ordinance, which assigns the greatest weighted value to trees with

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33 inches DBH (or greater) when evaluating impacts. The total number of trees that would be impacted by each project alternative was estimated by overlaying each alternative over the 200 foot grid and the total number of trees potentially impacted was then calculated. Table 7 estimates the total number of trees greater than nine inches DBH that would be directly impacted by each of the project alternatives, as well as the number and percentage of trees that would be preserved. No more than 37 percent of trees exceeding nine inches DBH would be impacted from development of the proposed project. The majority of the identified valley oaks within the VOH Combining District would be preserved owing to project design and avoidance of these trees. The development of the proposed project would preserve large, existing blocks of mixed oak woodland, particularly along sensitive areas of drainages and wetlands.

TABLE 7 TREE IMPACT SUMMARY FOR EACH PROJECT ALTERNATIVE Approximate Approximate Percentage of Alternative Number of Trees Number of Trees Trees Preserved Impacted Preserved A 1,669 2,858 63.12% B (Option 1) 1,717 2,811 62.08% B (Option 2) 1,701 2,827 62.43% C 1,364 3,164 69.88% D 0 4,528 100% Source: AES, 2010b

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): Trees of notable size (i.e., exceeding 33 inches diameter at breast height) should be preserved to the greatest extent feasible. Impacts to valley oak trees within the Valley Oak Habitat Combining District will be avoided to the maximum extent feasible owing to project design. Protection of tree crowns and root zones shall be required for all trees planned for retention in the vicinity of the construction footprint. Mitigation is recommended to replace native oak trees permanently removed as a result of project construction at a 1:1 ratio, or alternatively, preserve an equivalent area of oak woodland. Replacement oak trees should be planted on Tribally-owned land and other parcels in the vicinity of the project site. To ensure the success of planted oak trees, the trees should be monitored by a qualified biologist for five years, with a target survival goal of 60 percent every third year. If determined after the third year of monitoring period the 60 percent survival rate is not being met, additional trees should be planted to meet a 80 percent survival goal by the end of five years. Additionally, trees removed for construction shall be assessed by a qualified biologist to see if the removed tree would be suitable for replacement elsewhere.

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6.5 WETLANDS AND WATERS OF THE U.S “Wetlands” are defined in 33 CFR Part 328 as:

• Waters of the U. S. that are inundated or saturated by surface or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions.

Wetlands that meet these criteria during only a portion of the growing season are classified as seasonal wetlands. The term “waters of the United States” is defined in 33 CFR Part 328 as:

• All waters which are currently used, or were used in the past, or may be susceptible to use in interstate or foreign commerce, including all waters which are subject to the ebb and flow of the tide; • All interstate waters including interstate wetlands; or • All other waters such as intrastate lakes, rivers, streams (including intermittent streams), mudflats, sand flats, wetlands, sloughs, prairie potholes, wet meadows, playa lakes, or natural ponds, the use or degradation of which could affect interstate or foreign commerce including any such waters; • Which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for recreational or other purposes; or • From which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in interstate or foreign commerce; or • Which are used or could be used for industrial purposes by industries in interstate commerce.

Potential to Occur On-site: As discussed in Section 6.3, AES staff conducted a formal wetland delineation within the project site (Figure 11). A total of 1.6 acres of potential wetlands and waters of the U.S. were mapped within the project site. The wetland delineation report identified a total of 1.297 acres of wetland features are likely to be considered jurisdictional features by the USACE pursuant to the CWA (AES, 2010a). Another 0.287 acre of wetland features (one stock pond, two seasonal wetlands, one seasonal wetland swale, and the two isolated pits) would likely not be considered jurisdictional waters of the U.S. The wetland delineation is subject to USACE verification under Section 404 of the CWA. If the USACE agrees that the previously mentioned features are not jurisdictional, then 1.297 acres of wetlands and waters within the project site would be subject to USACE jurisdiction under the CWA. The wetland features are also depicted on the habitat map (Figure 8).

6.5.1 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND RECOMMENDED MITIGATION Potential Impacts: The proposed project has been designed to avoid aquatic features to the maximum extent feasible. However, the proposed project has the potential to directly impact the wetland features within the project site should project development result in fill or discharge within them. It could also

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result in indirect or cumulative impacts to the wetland features if water quality is affected by the proposed project. Implementation of the recommended mitigation measures below would reduce impacts to wetlands and other waters of the U.S. to less-than-significant levels and compensate for any wetland/waters acreages affected by the proposed project.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): The following recommended mitigation measures are presented below to avoid and/or reduce impacts to waters of the U.S. (including wetlands) within the project site:

A 50-foot setback, where possible, shall be established around each of the potentially jurisdictional wetland features within the project development and no development shall occur within the setback areas. Prior to the onset of construction activities, these wetland avoidance setbacks shall be established around jurisdictional wetland features using high-visibility fencing. A qualified biologist shall be present during construction activities that ensue within the vicinity of the wetland avoidance buffer zones. The qualified biologist shall monitor during construction to make sure that the fencing remains intact and that construction activities do not penetrate the wetland avoidance buffer zones. When project development is completed, the high-visibility fencing may be removed. Temporary fencing shall be installed around riparian habitats. Fencing shall be in place prior to the initiation of any construction activities and no encroachment into the fenced areas shall be permitted. Fencing shall remain in place until all construction activities have ceased. Any proposed construction activities that would occur within 50 feet of jurisdictional waters of the U.S. shall be conducted during the dry season (i.e., April 15 through October 15) to further reduce sedimentation within the watershed. If complete avoidance of waters of the U.S. is not possible and impacts to wetland features cannot be avoided, authorization from the USACE is required. A Section 404 CWA permit shall be obtained from the USACE and mitigation ratios defined within the permit conditions shall be implemented. Typical Nationwide Permits (NWP) mitigation occurs at a ratio of 1:1 acres created versus impacted and 2:1 acres preserved versus impacted. Individual permit conditions may vary. A CWA Section 401 Water Quality Certification permit from the USEPA would also be required.

6.6 STREAM CHARACTERIZATION AND AQUATIC SPECIES

METHODOLOGY AND BACKGROUND As previously stated, two locations for an onsite WTRF are available if Alternative B (Figure 4) is chosen. To fully assess the potential for impacts to aquatic resources from the proposed discharge of tertiary treated effluent to inland surface waters, a detailed physical habitat assessment and stream characterization was conducted for unnamed stream tributary to the Russian River (proposed WTRF location 1) and the unnamed stream tributary to Windsor Creek (WTRF location 2) (Stream

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Characterization: AES, 2010d). Site photos from this field visit are shown in Figures 12, 13 and 14. Point locations for these photos are noted in Figure 4.

Proposed WTRF location 1 is situated in northwestern corner of the project site, while proposed WTRF location 2 is situated in the southeastern corner of the project site. Location 1 would discharge tertiary treated effluent into an unnamed drainage channel that connects to a roadside ditch along Windsor River Road, then follows River Road south prior to flowing west into an abandoned quarry situated adjacent to the Russian River (Figure 5). This quarry has no surficial connection to the Russian River, but maintains a nexus with the Russian River through subsurface underflow. WTRF location 2 would discharge tertiary treated effluent directly into an unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek, which is a tributary to Mark West Creek thence the Russian River (Figure 5; AES, 2010d).

The Windsor Creek and Russian River watershed was evaluated to determine habitat suitability and document the potential for occurrence of aquatic dependent special status species associated with these stream courses (AES, 2010d). The CDFG Anadromous Fish and Habitat Data Program was utilized to determine if any anadromous fish species are documented to occur in the upper reaches of Windsor Creek near the unnamed stream associated with the project site (CDFG, 2010). The NMFS database was also queried to determine special status species ranges, distributions and designations for Central Valley Evolutionary Significant Units (ESUs). Further, a Stream Inventory Report for Windsor Creek (CDFG, 2006) reporting on the habitat suitability of Windsor Creek for salmonids and other aquatic species was reviewed (AES, 2010d).

SITE HYDROLOGY The project site is located within the Russian Watershed, Hydrologic Unit Code #18010110 (USGS, 1978) and is bisected from north to south by the Guerneville and Mark West Hydrologic Sub Areas drainage break. The Guerneville sub area drains the western portion of the property (in the vicinity of proposed WTRF location 1) while the Mark West sub area drains the eastern (in the vicinity of proposed WTRF location 2). Within the Guerneville sub area onsite there is a primary ephemeral drainage which initiates flow near the center of the property. This drainage conveys a major portion of the site’s overland runoff northwest into the roadside ditch that runs parallel to Windsor River Road. This water crosses Eastside Road and continues to flow south along the roadside ditch prior to terminating in the large abandoned gravel quarry adjacent the Russian River located west of the project site. The eastern half of the property contains one significant ephemeral channel that flows west to east from the hydrologic break, initiating flow in the roadside drainage ditch along Windsor River Road. This drainage cuts southeast from Windsor River road and then meanders east as it slowly transitions into a seasonal wetland through the annual grasslands onsite. This drainage enters a drop inlet which connects to the storm drain system from the housing development to the north. This storm drainage system flows directly into the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek. The exit point of this storm drainage system is just west of the stream channel, along the eastern property boundary. Two large concrete storm drain culverts empty into the unnamed tributary from this location (Figure 13, Photo 4). From this point downstream, the hydrology

Analytical Environmental Services 43 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment PHOTO 7: Unnamed drainage near proposed discharge PHOTO 10: Unnamed drainage just south of road crossing. point for Alternative B, location 1.

PHOTO 8: Unnamed drainage adjacent Windsor River PHOTO 11: Unnamed drainage along River Road. Road, just beyond property boundary.

PHOTO 9: Unnamed drainage just above Windsor River PHOTO 12: Unnamed drainage just prior to flowing west Road/River Road crossing. towards abandoned quarry.

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: AES, 2011 Figure 12 Drainage Photographs – Unnamed Drainage Channel (Location 1) PHOTO 1: Perennial Drainage (Unnamed tributary) at PHOTO 4: Culverts flowing to unnamed tributary from northern property boundary. stormwater drainage; proposed discharge point for Alternative B, location 2.

PHOTO 2: Unnamed tributary approximately 150 feet PHOTO 5: Unnamed tributary approximately 250 feet below above point where culverts discharge stormwater drainage. culvert inflow.

PHOTO 3: Unnamed tributary approximately 75 feet PHOTO 6: Unnamed tributary at southern property above point where culverts discharge stormwater drainage. boundary.

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: AES, 2011 Figure 13 Drainage Photographs – Unnamed Tributary to Windsor Creek (Location 2) PHOTO 13: Unnamed tributary approximately 1/2 mile PHOTO 16: Unnamed tributary at West Station Road. south of the project site.

PHOTO 14: Unnamed tributary approximately 3/4 mile PHOTO 17: Mark West Creek at Trenton / Healdsburg south of the project site. Bridge.

PHOTO 15: Unnamed tributary just north of the conflu- PHOTO 18: Town of Windsor treated effluent discharge ence with Windsor Creek. point along streambank at Trenton/Healdsburg crossing to Mark West Creek.

Lytton Residential Development BA / 207513 SOURCE: AES, 2011 Figure 14 Drainage Photographs – Offsite Drainage Biological Assessment

of the channel is significantly altered since the influence from point source storm drainage flows during heavy runoff events has evidently altered the character of the channel as noted in the channel dimensions at the southern property boundary (Figure 13, Photo 6). The details from the stream characterization for potential discharges to both locations off the property are summarized below and further detailed in the corresponding report (AES, 2010d).

UNNAMED DRAINAGE CHANNEL (LOCATION 1) As indicated on Figure 5, photographs were taken at several locations along the unnamed drainage channel (referred to as ED-7 in the wetland delineation; AES, 2010a) that flows into the abandoned quarry situated adjacent to the Russian River (Figure 11). These photographs are included in Figure 12.

Of the 26 cross sections analyzed for the unnamed drainage channel, the average width observed was 2.4 meters and the average maximum depth was 15 centimeters. Based on the 78 random substrate observations along the length of the unnamed drainage, the dominant substrate noted was coarse gravel. Coarse gravels constituted 47 percent (%) of the observations, while 45% of the observations were fine gravels. The other 8% of the observations were split evenly between fines (< 0.06mm) and concrete, both measured to be four percent.

As this channel predominantly flows through an established roadside drainage influenced by only the ephemeral drainage onsite and one other drainage to the north, the flows do not get very high. The two drainages meet at the point where the onsite drainage enters the roadside ditch along Windsor River Road. Observations of bank stability were noted during the survey. At the point where these drainages confluence, the roadside slope was noted to be unstable for approximately 30 meters (Figure 12, Photo 8). From the point where the flow is culverted under the residential driveway downstream to the Windsor River Road crossing, the roadside slope is reinforced with a concrete scour bank as seen in Figure 12, Photo 9 and is suitably stable from this point downstream. The channel is dominated by blackberry and willows along Windsor River Road and large well spaced valley oaks along Windsor River Road. As it reaches the point where it flows west into the abandoned quarry, the drainage becomes choked with emergent wetland species and transitions into a seasonal wetland as shown in Figure 12, Photo 12. From this point, the drainage channel flows directly into the quarry parallel to the access road. Once in the quarry, lake waters will evaporate or exchange through underflow influence with the Russian River.

UNNAMED TRIBUTARY TO WINDSOR CREEK (LOCATION 2) The average stream width for the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek is 2.0 meters. The average depth is 14 centimeters, while the average maximum depth was observed to be 18 centimeters. The average canopy density observed is 15 out of 17 possible measures.

Fines (<0.06 mm) was the most dominant substrate observed, composing 73% of the random observations; fine gravels (2-16 mm) constituted 17% of the substrate observations; woody debris (<0.03 m) constituted 5% of the substrate observations; sand (0.06-2mm) comprised 4% of the observations; and

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two observations of coarse gravels constituted 1% of the observations made within the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek. The substrates within the unnamed tributary are dominated by fine sediments as nearly three quarters of all observations during the survey were fine silty loam. It should be noted that this heavy layer of fines was layered with detritus and was nearly 15 centimeters deep above the native gravel bed load materials. These observations are indicative of a low gradient stream that has heavy input of deciduous material and a minimized hydraulic flushing capacity. No depositional sand bars were observed throughout the entire stream reach along the eastern property boundary. This is consistent with the soil type and the fact that no channel side scouring was observed within the channel throughout the reach. The bank stability was good and erosion potential was low based on vegetative cover.

As stated previously, cover classes were assessed within the unnamed tributary for each habitat tier within a 10 square meter plot centered on each transect. Relative scores (1-5) were generated on both banks at each transect for ground cover (<0.5m), lower canopy (0.5-5.0m) and upper canopy (>5.0m) density. The results of riparian cover class assessment showed that the unnamed tributary was dominated by trees and saplings at the upper canopy tier as observed on the aerial imagery. This cover class, on average, composed 10-40 percent of the potential upper canopy space in the 10- meter assessment area for each bank. The average densitometry reading observed for the entire reach (averaged from 44 transect readings) was 15 out of 17, indicative of a dense upper canopy cover. An average of 10-40 percent cover was also observed for all vegetation between 0.5 and 5 meters in height along the left bank, while an average closer to 10 percent was observed along the right bank for this vegetative layer. Woody shrubs and saplings less than 0.5 meters in height were moderately dense along the left bank, comprising on average 10-40 percent of the vegetation layer while the right bank averaged just above 10 percent density. Herbs and grasses were choked out by the woody shrubs layer along the left bank, representing on average 10-40 percent of the ground level vegetation. The right bank was much more dominant, comprising 40-75 percent of the ground cover layer of vegetation as the grazing pasture encroaches upon the stream corridor in this area. The riparian canopy is well established and complex in this corridor, but the lower tiers of vegetation are predominantly invasive and encroaching, which lowers the vegetative habitat values. The lower canopy appeared poorly established in general. Just downstream of transect A, the stream becomes highly choked with blackberry, poison oak vines, and oak branches. The dominant tree species observed in the upper canopy tier included valley oak, blue oak, black oak, and willows. A few sparse Eucalyptus sp. were also observed.

The results for instream habitat complexity showed that most habitat attributes such as large woody debris (>0.3m), undercut banks, and boulders were completely absent from the unnamed tributary; while overhanging vegetation, emergent vegetation, filamentous algae, and live tree roots were sparsely (<10%) observed in the channel. The gradient for the unnamed tributary is less than one percent. This is too fine of a measurement for a handheld field clinometer, therefore slope measurements were not taken during the characterization. A topographic scale was used to calculate the gradient from initiation to the confluence with Windsor Creek (0.56%).

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6.6.1 IMPACTS DISCUSSION (LOCATION 1) Potential to Occur On-site: The unnamed drainage channel that extends from the northwest corner of the property (proposed WTRF location 1 under Alternative B) to the abandoned quarry is best characterized as a roadside ditch. Although this channel initiates flow from two ephemeral drainages and supports a dominant gravel substrate base, it does not contain the habitat suitability, surficial connection, vegetative cover, or flow duration that would support a significant number of commonly occurring local aquatic species. It receives flashy roadside runoff during rain events that may contribute petroleum based pollutants due to this influence. No aquatic species were observed during the survey. Based on the hydro-period, habitat discontinuity, and due to the lack of instream habitat complexity and riparian cover, the unnamed drainage channel to the Russian River does not have the potential to support any aquatic special status species (AES, 2010d).

Potential Impacts: The proposed WTRF at either locations 1 or 2 under Alternative B (location 2 under Alternative C) will produce disinfected tertiary treated recycled water consistent with Title 22 requirements. These standards are set to maintain that all discharged water is maintained free of toxic substances in concentrations that are toxic to, or that produce detrimental physiological responses in human, plant, animal, or aquatic life. Therefore the proposed discharge will meet or exceed water quality standards of the Basin Plan for surface waters, and will not adversely affect the designated beneficial uses for aquatic life in the receiving water bodies, Windsor Creek, Mark West Creek or the Russian River. (AES, 2010d).

6.6.2 IMPACTS DISCUSSION (LOCATION 2) Potential to Occur On-site: The habitat quality observed in the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek (proposed WTRF location 2 under Alternative B, single location for Alternative C) is minimally suitable for a suite of regionally occurring common and sensitive freshwater species typically found within the Russian River hydrologic unit. While the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek is a perennial stream course, the seasonal fluctuations in flow and the utilization of the available instream habitat by aquatic species is highly variable. The potential for aquatic species to use the unnamed stream to Windsor Creek is progressively based on water availability, then ambient temperature, then niche availability. The unnamed tributary supported no diversity in flow regime habitat as the gradient was below 1% and the reach was saturated by both fine and course particulate organic decomposing matter. This has created a very anoxic and narrow niche for macroinvertebrates, leading to low species richness. Very few invertebrates other than mosquito larvae were observed during the field survey. These conditions would limit the presence of any organisms in need of cool clear flowing water and intolerant to low dissolved oxygen levels such as salmonids, foothill yellow legged frogs, or macroinvertebrate species. Species richness is an indicator of relative stream health and niche availability, and can be the basis for a multitude of biological assumptions and hypotheses. Overall, the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek lacks the variety of high quality habitats to support a diversity of aquatic species. Additionally, there are potential water quality impacts to the unnamed tributary from the residential development to the north.

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Stormwater from the residential development is assumed to flow into the unnamed tributary through the culverts shown in Figure 13, Photo 4.

Many of the streams tributary to and associated with the lower Russian River have the potential to support few special status fish species. Three special status salmonid species listed under the FESA have the potential to use the unnamed stream tributary to Windsor Creek, Windsor Creek and/or Mark West Creek: the California Coastal fall-run Chinook salmon (Federally Threatened; FT), the Central California Coast coho salmon (Federally Endangered; FE) (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and the Central California Coast steelhead trout (FT). Of these three species, only the Central California Coast steelhead trout has been documented to occur in Windsor Creek. As shown in Figure 5 the documented natural limit to anadromy is just above the Trenton Healdsburg Bridge crossing on Mark West Creek. Therefore, migratory fish species have no potential to occur on or within the vicinity of project site.

Only the most adapted species within this narrow range of suppressed aquatic habitat would be predicted to occur within the upper reaches of the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek. Based on the observations made during the stream assessment, this stream reach is unsuitable for Central California Coast steelhead spawning and rearing. While the stream reach within the project site does not contain the instream habitat complexity to support cold freshwater habitat for spawning, reproduction, or early development, it does contain the suitability for all other beneficial use designations for the Mark West HSA.

Potential Impacts: Because the discharged tertiary treated effluent shall meet Title 22 standards, the potential impacts from the WTRF discharge from either locations 1 or 2 would be less than significant. Tertiary treated effluent wastewater discharge under Alternative B and C could potentially benefit the water quality in this stream (AES, 2010d). In addition, a stream setback corridor, consistent with wetlands setbacks for the project, will be established for the unnamed stream tributary to Windsor Creek to promote native vegetation establishment and ensure stream bank stabilization at the discharge point. This will increase aquatic habitat value and allow the establishment of vegetation which will reduce the potential for bank erosion in the discharge channel.

If Alternative A is implemented, the Tribe will connect to the Town of Windsor’s municipal system. Currently the Town of Windsor operates a wastewater treatment facility and discharges advanced treated effluent directly into Mark West Creek under NPDES No. CA0023345 (USEPA, 2007). As shown in Figure 5, this discharge point is located downstream from the proposed project and the Town of Windsor, at the Trenton-Healdsburg Bridge crossing to Mark West Creek just above the confluence to the Russian River. Figure 14, Photo 17 shows Mark West Creek at the Trenton-Healdsburg Bridge crossing.

6.7 WILDLIFE AND PLANT SPECIES OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE A variety of wildlife species were observed within the project site during the field surveys. Several of the species observed on-site include: pipevine swallowtail (Battus philenor), bullfrog (Rana catesbiana),

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Pacific chorus frog (Pseudacris regilla), gopher snake (Pituophis catenifer), ring-necked snake (Diadophis punctatus), western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis), red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), turkey vulture (Cathartes aura), mourning dove (Zenaida macroura), violet-green swallow (Tachycineta thalassina), and black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus). A complete list of wildlife species observed within the project site is included as Attachment C. A comprehensive list of all plant species observed within the project site is included as Attachment D.

6.8 FEDERALLY LISTED PLANT SPECIES As discussed in Section 4.2, an analysis was conducted to determine which of the regionally occurring federal special-status species has the potential to occur within the project site. It was determined that the project site has suitable habitat for six federal special-status plant species but no animal species. Species descriptions for these plants are provided below. None of these plant species have been observed onsite during focused botanical surveys conducted within parcels (which were acquired in phases) between 2007 and 2010 (Attachment E). However, potential impacts to these plants and recommended mitigation (if found) are described below for each species. One more year of focused botanical surveys shall be conducted for certain parcels, as outlined in Attachment E.

SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS SONOMA ALOPECURUS (ALOPECURUS AEQUALIS VAR. SONOMENSIS) Federal Status: Endangered

Critical Habitat Designation/Recovery Plan: Critical habitat has not yet been designated for this species. Likewise, a recovery plan for this species does not yet exist. However, this species will be addressed in a recovery plan for coastal plant species, which is under development.

Habitat and Biology: Sonoma alopecurus is a tufted perennial grass that occurs in freshwater marshes and swamps and riparian scrub habitats. This species occurs at elevations that range from five to 365 meters (16 to 1,197 feet) above msl. Most of the extant populations of this species occur in freshwater marshes. However, Sonoma alopecurus has also been documented along wet banks and within streambeds in riparian scrub habitats, within trampled shallow stock-ponds, and within slow-moving ephemeral drainages (CNPS, 2009). Sonoma alopecurus blooms from May through July.

The number of individuals in populations of Sonoma alopecurus fluctuates markedly between years. The mechanisms responsible for this variability and obvious decline of this species are poorly understood. Sonoma alopecurus appears to experience very low reproductive success and seems particularly vulnerable to trampling and grazing from cattle. It competes poorly with invasive plant species, which is another contributing factor associated with its decline.

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Sonoma alopecurus is known for having spikelets (excluding the awns) that are less than four millimeters (mm) long and straight (as opposed to bent) awns that barely exceed the body of the lemmas by zero to two mm. Its longer awns, more robust and upright appearance, generally wider panicle, and violet-gray tinged spikelets discern this species from others in the genus; but it is often difficult to distinguish.

Regional Distribution: The known range of this species includes Marin and Sonoma counties. The majority of extant populations of Sonoma alopecurus occur within the Point Reyes National Seashore in Marin County. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located 4.85 miles southwest of the project site (CDFG, 2003). This is CNDDB Occurrence Number 21, and it was documented in the Forestville Marsh, approximately 0.5 mile east of the Town of Forestville, and northwest of Sebastopol. The exact location information is unknown and the record is from a 1972 collection by Sharsmith (CDFG, 2003).

Potential to Occur On-site: The aquatic features and the mixed riparian within the project site are considered suitable habitat for this species. Sonoma alopecurus was not observed on-site during the floristic surveys between 2007 and 2010, which were conducted within the appropriate bloom period for this species (Attachment E).

Potential Impacts: Since Sonoma alopecurus was not observed within the project site during any of the floristic surveys, the proposed project would not result in direct or indirect impacts to this species through loss of suitable habitat.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): Since Sonoma alopecurus was not observed within the project site during the floristic surveys, no further mitigation is required.

PITKIN MARSH LILY (LILIUM PARDALINUM SSP. PITKINENSE) Federal Status: Endangered

Habitat and Biology: Pitkin Marsh lily is a bulbiferous herb that occurs in cismontane woodland, meadows and seeps, and freshwater marshes and swamps. It is found on mesic, sandy soils. This species occurs at elevations that range from 35 to 65 meters (114 to 214 feet) above msl. This species is known from only three occurrences near the town of Sepastopol, in Sonoma County in an area that has been referred to historically as the Pitkin Marsh. As such, Pitkin Marsh lily is considered one of the rarest plants in the state. All three of these occurrences are within approximately eight miles from one another. Two of the three CNDDB documented occurrences of Pitkin Marsh lily are located on the periphery of

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freshwater marsh habitats and the third is located in a mesic area near a creek (CDFG, 2003). Pitkin Marsh lily blooms from June through July.

Pitkin Marsh lily is thought to be in decline due to loss of habitat from urbanization and habitat fragmentation. In addition competition from invasive plant species and trampling and herbivory by livestock and wildlife species continue to threaten this species.

This species is known for having a pendant, nodding inflorescence, whorled leaves, and for occurring in moist habitats. It has two-toned perianth segments that are typically yellow toward the center and darker red at the tips. The anthers tend to be between six and 11 mm long and magenta colored and the pollen is red or brownish-orange. The bulb scales of this species typically have two segments.

Regional Distribution: The known range of this species is restricted to Sonoma County. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately 3.02 miles south of the project site (CDFG, 2003). This is CNDDB Occurrence Number 1, and it was documented in the historic Pitkin Marsh area. The exact location information is suppressed and the population was last seen in 1996 (CDFG, 2003).

Potential to Occur On-site: The aquatic features within cismontane woodland and the mixed riparian within the project site are considered suitable habitat for this species. The perennial drainage on-site provides a hydrological connection to areas historically referred to as the Pitkin Marsh. Pitkin Marsh lily was not observed on-site during the floristic surveys between 2007 and 2010, which were conducted within the appropriate bloom period for this species (Attachment E).

Potential Impacts: Since the Pitkin Marsh lily was not observed within the project site during any of the floristic surveys, the proposed project would not result in direct or indirect impacts to this species through loss of suitable habitat.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): Since the Pitkin Marsh lily was not observed within the project site during the floristic surveys, no further mitigation is required.

SONOMA SUNSHINE (BLENNOSPERMA BAKERI) Federal Status: Endangered

Critical Habitat Designation/Recovery Plan: Critical habitat has not yet been designated for this species. Likewise, a recovery plan for this species does not yet exist.

Habitat and Biology: Sonoma sunshine is annual herb that occurs in a mesic habitats within Valley and foothill grasslands and vernal pool habitats. This species is known to occur at elevations that range from approximately ten to 110 meters (32 to 360 feet) above msl. As with Burke’s goldfields, Sonoma

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sunshine is known to occur on soils within the Huichica loam series in the northern portions of the Santa Rosa Plain and on soils within the Wright loam and Clear Lake clay series the southern portions of the Santa Rosa Plain (USFWS, 2007). This species blooms from March through May and has been known to occasionally begin flowering as early as mid-February. This species is known to co-occur with Burke’s goldfields and Sebastopol meadowfoam.

Like other annual species that occur in uncertain or variable habitats, Sonoma sunshine appears to have a substantial and persistent seed bank that is able to persist until conditions a favorable for germination. As such, population extent, numbers of individuals, and whether or not this species blooms at all in a given location varies dramatically from year to year given the amount of rainfall and other varying environmental factors. Extirpation and/or absence of this species within suitable habitats should not be assumed during adverse conditions (i.e., drought, disturbance, etc.) because of its persistent seed bank.

Sonoma sunshine is distinguished from other members of the genus because the stigmas of the ray flowers are dark red. All the other species in the genus have ray flowers with yellow stigmas. Sonoma sunshine tends to be more robust in general and its lower leaves are typically entire. The upper leaves have between one and three lobes, while other members of the genus have between three and 15 lobes leaves.

Regional Distribution: Sonoma sunshine is endemic to Sonoma County and this is the only known region where this species occurs. Most of the extant populations of this species occur on the Santa Rosa Plain. The nearest documented occurrence of Sonoma sunshine is located 4.91 miles southwest of the project site. This is CNDDB Occurrence Number 6, and three colonies of this species were observed at the Wood Road Elbow, approximately 0.7 mile west of Fulton Road, northwest of Santa Rosa. All three colonies were documented within vernal pools and swales on private property and it appears that this population was last seen in 1994 (CDFG, 2003).

Potential to Occur On-site: The aquatic features and any mesic areas within the annual grassland habitat on-site are considered suitable habitat for this species. Sonoma sunshine has not been observed on-site during the floristic surveys between 2007 and 2010, which were conducted within the appropriate bloom period for this species. Prior to conducting the floristic surveys, a reference population of Sonoma sunshine was observed at the Todd Road location (Attachment E).

Potential Impacts: The proposed project has the potential to result in direct impacts to Sonoma sunshine should it occur within the project site. The proposed project could also result in indirect impacts to this species through loss of suitable habitat. Habitat loss is considered a significant impact to the federally listed plant species on the Santa Rosa Plain because a persistent seed bank may be present even if the actual plant species were not observed. Favorable conditions could result in germination of the seed bank in the future. It is also considered a significant impact because the listed species may become established

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within potentially-impacted suitable habitats naturally or through future human-assisted mitigation efforts.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): The remaining floristic surveys shall be conducted within the required areas of the project site in accordance with the Conservation Strategy. This includes an additional year of surveys on APNs 066-191-016, 066-191-019, 066-191-021, 066-300-023, and 066- 300-017, as well as 066-050-040 and 066-050-047. If the protocol-level floristic survey results are negative, no additional mitigation is required.

If the protocol-level floristic survey results for any parcel are positive, formal consultation with USFWS must be initiated immediately. Upon consultation, an appropriate course of action will be established. It is likely that the proposed project shall be amended and reconfigured, such that complete avoidance of any and all individual plants or populations of these plants is accomplished entirely. Prior to the onset of construction activities, on any parcel where the species is identified, the avoidance plan must be formulated, submitted, and approved by the USFWS. The USFWS approved special-status plant avoidance plan shall be implemented accordingly.

If avoidance of the special-status plant habitat is not feasible, the Tribe must mitigate for impacts to the this habitat according to the mitigation ratios outlined in the Programmatic Consultation for USACE 404 Permitted Projects that May Affect Four Endangered Plant Species on the Santa Rosa Plain, California (File Number 223420N) (USFWS, 2007). The mitigation requirements are summarized in Table 8.

TABLE 8 SUMMARY OF MITIGATION RATIOS FOR THE FEDERALLY LISTED PLANTS OF THE SANTA ROSA PLAIN*

Impact to: Occupied Habitat Compensation Suitable Habitat Compensation

3:1 occupied or established habitat 1:1 occupied or established habitat (any Burke’s goldfields (any combination) with success combination) with success criteria met prior to criteria met prior to groundbreaking at groundbreaking at project site OR project site AND Sonoma sunshine 0.5:1 established habitat with success criteria met prior to groundbreaking at project site. 1:1 occupied or established habitat (any Sebastopol 2:1 occupied or established habitat combination) with success criteria met prior to meadowfoam (any combination) with success groundbreaking at project site criteria met prior to groundbreaking at project site AND

0.5:1 established habitat with success criteria met prior to groundbreaking at project site. Source: USFWS, 2007 Note: * According to the USFWS Biological Opinion issued for the 2007 Consultation, “This Programmatic will not cover the many- flowered navarretia because of its limited distribution [on the Santa Rosa Plain].” (USFWS, 2007:4)

BURKE’S GOLDFIELDS (LASTHENIA BURKEI) Federal Status: Endangered

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Critical Habitat Designation/ Recovery Plan: Critical habitat has not yet been designated for this species. Likewise, a recovery plan for this species does not yet exist.

Habitat and Biology: Burke’s goldfields are annual herbs that occur in a variety of mesic and seasonally inundated habitats including wet meadows, seeps, seasonal wetlands, swales, and vernal pools. This species is known to occur at elevations that range from approximately 15 to 600 meters (49 to 1,968 feet) above msl. In the northern portions of the Santa Rosa Plain (i.e., north of Highway 12), this species is known to occur on soils within the Huichica loam series. Huichica loam soils are generally stratified and have fine textured clay loam upper regions over strongly cemented duripan layers deep below the surface. In the southern portions of the Santa Rosa Plain (i.e., south of Highway 12), Burke’s goldfields are likely to occur on soils within the Wright loam and Clear Lake clay series. Wright loams are generally composed of a moderate fine and silty upper layers over dense clays and marine sediments that occur deep below the surface. Clear Lake clays are generally fine and dense throughout from the surface to many feet deep (USFWS, 2007). Burke’s goldfields bloom from April through May. This species is known to co-occur with Sonoma sunshine and Sebastopol meadowfoam.

As an annual herb, Burke’s goldfields are adapted to life in variable and hydrologically fluctuating conditions. This species is known to have a persistent seed bank that can survive dormancy for an indeterminate number of years, until favorable conditions permit germination. For this reason, populations must be monitored for multiple years in order to accurately access their extent and total numbers of individuals. As with the other federally listed species on the Santa Rosa Plain, absence or extirpation should not be assumed at sites with suitable habitat during adverse conditions because of this species persistent seed bank. This species can be easily distinguished from other members of the genus by its fruits because they have an unusual pappus of a single long awn and several short scales.

Regional Distribution: The known range of Burke’s goldfields includes Lake, Mendocino, Napa, and Sonoma counties. However, this species is most likely extirpated from Mendocino County. The majority of the extant populations of this species occur on the Santa Rosa Plain. The nearest documented occurrence of this species within the CNDDB is located approximately 0.09 mile east of the project site. This is CNDDB Occurrence Number 22, and it was documented within a large swale in a horse pasture, southwest of the Windsor River Road/Starr Road intersection, near the Windsor Grange. This occurrence is located on private land (CDFG, 2003).

Potential to Occur On-site: The aquatic features within the project site are considered suitable habitat for this species. Burke’s goldfields have not been observed on-site during the floristic surveys between 2007 and 2010, which were conducted within the appropriate bloom period for this species. Prior to conducting the floristic surveys, a reference population of Burke’s goldfields was observed at the Alton Road Vernal Pool Preserve (Attachment E).

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Potential Impacts: The proposed project has the potential to result in direct impacts to Burke’s goldfields should they occur within the project site. The proposed project could also result in indirect impacts to this species through loss of suitable habitat. Habitat loss is considered a significant impact to the federally listed plant species on the Santa Rosa Plain because a persistent seed bank may be present even if the actual plant species were not observed. Favorable conditions could result in germination of the seed bank in the future. It is also considered a significant impact because the listed species may become established within potentially-impacted suitable habitats naturally or through future human- assisted mitigation efforts.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): The mitigation measures to avoid potential impacts to Burke’s goldfields are the same as those recommended for Sonoma sunshine.

SEBASTOPOL MEADOWFOAM (LIMNANTHES VINCULANS) Federal Status: Endangered

Critical Habitat Designation/ Recovery Plan: Critical habitat has not yet been designated for this species. Likewise, a recovery plan for this species does not yet exist.

Habitat and Biology: Sebastopol meadowfoam is an annual herb that occurs in meadows and seeps, mesic areas within Valley and foothill grasslands, and vernal pools. It also occurs in seasonal wet swales, wet meadows, along streambanks, and in man-made aquatic features such as drainage ditches. This species occurs at elevations that range from approximately 15 to 305 meters (49 to 1,000 feet) above msl. Sebastopol meadowfoam frequently occurs on Wright loam or Clear Lake clay soil types. It has occasionally been found on other soil types including Pajaro clay loam, Cotati fine sandy loam, Hair clay loam, and Blucher fine sandy loam (USFWS, 2007). This species blooms from April through May. This species is known to co-occur with Sonoma sunshine and Burke’s goldfields.

Sebastopol meadowfoam typically germinates after the first significant rains. The seedlings grow slowly, submerged in the aquatic environment over the winter, and growth rates decrease as the water dries out. Repeated drying and filling of aquatic features throughout the season favors robust growth. As with the other annual herbs of the Santa Rosa Plain, this species has a persistent and long-lived seed bank. For this reason, extirpation or absence of this species within suitable habitats should not be assumed during years of adverse conditions.

This species is distinguished from other members of the genus by its stamens, petals, and leaflets. The stamens of Sebastopol meadowfoam are approximately five to eight mm long and the petals are approximately ten to 18 mm long. The petals of this specie typically reflex (i.e., fall out as opposed to in) as the fruits mature. Sebastopol meadowfoam tends to have between three to five leaflets that are entire, as opposed to toothed or lobed leaves.

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Regional Distribution: The known range of this species includes Napa and Sonoma counties. Most of the known occurrences of Sebastopol meadowfoam are located on the Santa Rosa Plain. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located 2.15 miles southeast of the project site. This is CNDDB Occurrence Number 46, which was documented within a swale, in the Sonoma County Airport Wildflower Preserve, northwest of the Airport by Pavlik. This population was last monitored in 1993 (CDFG, 2003).

Potential to Occur On-site: The aquatic features and any mesic areas within the annual grassland habitat on-site are considered suitable habitat for this species. Sebastopol meadowfoam has not been observed on-site during the floristic surveys between 2007 and 2010, which were conducted within the appropriate bloom period for this species. Prior to conducting the floristic surveys, reference populations of Sebastopol meadowfoam were observed at the Alton Road Vernal Pool Preserve and at the Todd Road location (Attachment E).

Potential Impacts: The proposed project has the potential to result in direct impacts to Sebastopol meadowfoam should it occur within the project site. The proposed project could also result in indirect impacts to this species through loss of suitable habitat. Habitat loss is considered a significant impact to the federally listed plant species on the Santa Rosa Plain because a persistent seed bank may be present even if the actual plant species were not observed. Favorable conditions could result in germination of the seed bank in the future. It is also considered a significant impact because the listed species may become established within potentially-impacted suitable habitats naturally or through future human- assisted mitigation efforts.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): The mitigation measures to avoid potential impacts to Sebastopol meadowfoam are the same as those recommended for Sonoma sunshine.

MANY-FLOWERED NAVARRETIA (NAVARRETIA LEUCOCEPHALA SSP. PLIEANTHA) Federal Status: Endangered

Critical Habitat Designation/ Recovery Plan: Critical habitat has not yet been designated for this species. However, many-flowered navarretia is addressed in the Recovery Plan for Vernal Pool Ecosystems of California and Oregon (USFWS, 2005b).

Habitat and Biology: Many-flowered navarretia is a low-growing annual herb that typically occurs in vernal pool habitats. This species is also known to occur in dry meadows, along the margins of aquatic features on volcanic ash substrates, and in openings on wet ground in forested habitats. Many-flowered navarretia occurs at elevations that range from approximately 30 to 650 (98 to 2,132) meters above msl. This species is known to hybridize with N. leucocephala ssp. pauciflora (as does N. leucocephala ssp. bakeri). Many-flowered navarretia blooms from May through June.

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Taxonomy within this group is difficult and as mentioned above and intermediate species have been frequently observed. In general, this species can be distinguished from other members of the genus in the region by its stature, degree of hairiness, and the size, number, or lobing of its floral parts. Many- flowered navarretia has low, spreading branches and bright blue flowers, while most of the other species have white or pale blue flowers. It has more numerous heads and many more flowers per head than the other subspecies. In addition, many-flowered navarretia has corollas that are greater than or equal to the calyxes and calyx lobes that are generally entire.

Regional Distribution: The known range of many-flowered navarretia includes Lake and Sonoma counties, with most of the occurrences in Lake County. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located 2.04 miles southeast of the project site. This is CNDDB Occurrence Number 9, which was documented in vernal pools and swales, approximately two miles south of Windsor and south of Saunders Road. The population was first observed in 1986 by Guggolz and was last seen in 1989 by Waaland (CDFG, 2003).

Potential to Occur On-site: The aquatic features and any mesic areas within the annual grassland and oak woodland habitats on-site are considered suitable habitat for this species. Many-flowered navarretia has not been observed on-site during the floristic surveys between 2007 and 2010, which were conducted within the appropriate bloom period for this species (Attachment E).

Potential Impacts: The proposed project has the potential to result in direct impacts to many-flowered navarretia should it occur within the project site. The proposed project could also result in indirect impacts to this species through loss of suitable habitat. Habitat loss is considered a significant impact to the federally listed plant species on the Santa Rosa Plain because a persistent seed bank may be present even if the actual plant species were not observed. Favorable conditions could result in germination of the seed bank in the future. It is also considered a significant impact because the listed species may become established within potentially-impacted suitable habitats naturally or through future human- assisted mitigation efforts.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): The mitigation measures to avoid potential impacts to many- flowered navarretia are the same as those recommended for Sonoma sunshine.

6.9 MIGRATORY BIRDS As discussed in Section 3.0, migratory bird species are protected under the statutes of the MBTA (16 USC Sections 703-712).

Potential to Occur On-site: Several migratory bird species have potential to nest, loaf, forage, or perch within the habitat types identified in the project site. Several migratory bird species were observed within the project site during field surveys. These include: red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), red-shouldered hawk, Cooper’s hawk (Accipiter cooperi), bushtit (Psaltriparus minimus), Anna’s hummingbird (Calypte

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anna), orange-crowned warbler (Vermivora celata), ash-throated flycatcher (Myiarchus cinerascens), Nuttall’s woodpecker (Picoides nuttaillii), and great horned owl (Bubo virginianus). A complete list of all the bird species observed within the project site is included as Attachment C. Several nests were observed within the project site during the surveys.

6.9.1 POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND RECOMMENDED MITIGATION Potential Impacts: The proposed project has potential to impact nesting migratory birds directly and indirectly if construction activities occur during the avian nesting season. Activities such as building, grading, ground disturbance, and vegetation removal could directly impact nesting birds if their nests are located within development areas. Increased human activity and traffic, elevated noise levels, and operation of machinery could indirectly impact nesting birds if their nests are located within the vicinity of development areas. Disturbance of this nature that occurs within 500 feet of an active nest could cause nest abandonment or premature fledging of the young. Implementation of the recommended mitigation measures presented below would ensure any potential impacts to migratory birds are less-than-significant.

Recommended Mitigation Measure(s): If any construction activities (e.g., building, grading, ground disturbance, removal of vegetation) are scheduled to occur during the avian nesting season (approximately February 15 – August 31), pre-construction bird surveys shall be conducted. Pre- construction surveys for any nesting bird species shall be conducted by a qualified wildlife biologist throughout all areas of suitable trees and habitat that are within 500 feet of any proposed construction activity, including oak trees slated for removal. The surveys shall occur no more than 14 days prior to the scheduled onset of construction activities. If construction is delayed or halted for more than 14 days, another pre-construction survey for nesting bird species shall be conducted. If no nesting birds are detected during the pre-construction surveys no additional surveys or mitigation measures are required.

If nesting bird species are observed within 500 feet of construction areas during the surveys, appropriate avoidance setbacks shall be established. The size and scale of nesting bird avoidance setbacks shall be determined by a qualified wildlife biologist and shall be dependent upon the species observed and the location of the nest. Avoidance setbacks shall be established around all active nest locations via stakes and high visibility fencing. The nesting bird setbacks shall be completely avoided during the duration of construction activities and the fencing must remain intact. The qualified wildlife biologist shall also determine an appropriate monitoring plan and will decide if construction monitoring is necessary during the duration of construction activities. Again, monitoring requirements are dependent upon the species observed, the location of the nests, and the number of nests observed. The setback fencing may be removed when the qualified wildlife biologist confirms that the nest(s) is no longer occupied and all birds have fledged.

If impacts (i.e., take) to migratory nesting bird species are unavoidable, consultation with USFWS shall be initiated. Through consultation, an appropriate and acceptable course of action shall be established.

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7.0 INTERRELATED AND INTERDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES

As previously mentioned, interrelated and interdependent activities are those activities that occur as a result of the proposed project. These activities would not occur and would not be required without the proposed project and they do not have any independent utility on their own. However, interrelated and interdependent activities may result in impacts to biological resources and the effects of these activities can be direct or indirect. The interrelated and interdependent activities associated with the proposed project include minor road improvements (e.g., the installation of stop signs at the three project access driveways on Windsor River Road). Without the proposed project, these road improvements would not be necessary and would not occur.

Construction of the minor road improvements is not expected to result in any impacts to the special-status species discussed in this BA since these construction activities will occur within existing roads in ruderal/disturbed habitat. Due to the fact that no impacts to special-status species are expected to occur as a result of the proposed minor road improvements, it is likely that no interrelated and interdependent impacts to potential special-status species or their habitats would occur.

Alternative A is the preferred alternative and would not require a surface water discharge at either of the aforementioned points. Instead, wastewater would be transferred to and treated by the Town of Windsor Wastewater Treatment Reclamation and Disposal Facility. Alternative A also includes a connection to the Town of Windsor’s public water supply system. It is anticipated that the offsite water and wastewater infrastructure and associated pipeline required for connection to the Town of Windsor water supply and sewer system would occur primarily along existing disturbed roadways without impacts to sensitive habitats. It is also anticipated that interrelated and interdependent impacts to any potentially occurring special-status species or their habitats would not occur as a result of this action. This assumption is based on the avoidance of all jurisdictional wetland features. If any jurisdictional features were to be impacted, then this separate Federal action under a Section 404 permit of the CWA would trigger Section 7 Consultation under the FESA. Additionally, any state requirements for non-trust land would be adhered to, such as a 401 Water Quality Certification. No other potential interrelated and interdependent activities are anticipated from the project.

8.0 CUMULATIVE EFFECTS

For the purposes of this BA, cumulative effects are defined as the effects of future state, local, or private activities that are reasonably certain to occur in the action area. This BA only addresses future state, local, or private activities occurring outside the action area if they would result in effects within the action area. Future federal actions that are unrelated to the proposed project are not considered in this BA because they will be subject to separate and independent consultation pursuant to Section 7 of FESA.

At this time, no other state, local, or private projects are anticipated to occur in the action area or result in cumulative effects within the action area in the foreseeable future. Generally speaking, future

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development projects could result in cumulative impacts to habitats, waters of the U.S., and special-status species or their habitats via disturbance and increased human population and activity. Cumulative impacts of this nature might include new development projects, habitat fragmentation, net loss of open space, edge effects, and disruption of wildlife corridors. However, no specific projects are proposed for the action area at this time or in the reasonably foreseeable future. Any proposed future development in the action area would be required to mitigate for impacts to biological resources based on CEQA, NEPA, CWA, and FESA requirements. Likewise, the proposed project is not anticipated to significantly contribute to any cumulative impacts within the action area due to the associated mitigation measures. Therefore, no cumulative impacts are anticipated to occur.

9.0 CONCLUSIONS AND DETERMINATION

EFFLUENT DISPOSAL AND DISCHARGE On-site disposal of treated effluent will involve seasonally storing and reclaiming treated effluent with excess to be discharged to unnamed drainage channels, as discussed for locations 1 and 2 for the first option under Alternative B described in Section 1.2. The second option under Alternative B involves complete on-site reclamation and disposal of treated effluent utilizing storage detention basins and irrigation areas (including landscaping and parks). AES biologists conducted a stream characterization of both the unnamed drainage channel described for WTRF location 1 and the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek described for location 2 (AES, 2010d), the results of which are summarized in Section 6.6. The unnamed drainage channel and the unnamed tributary to Windsor Creek do not contain suitable habitat for any special status fish species and do not support a high biodiversity of macroinvertebrates or other aquatic species. Thus the proposed project would not affect any threatened or endangered fish species because neither of the proposed tertiary treated effluent disposal locations provide suitable habitat for fish. In the event either Alternatives B or C are implemented, an NPDES permit would be required from the USEPA.

SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES The aquatic features, mixed riparian, mixed oak woodland, and/or oak savannah habitats within the project site may provide suitable habitat for the following federally listed special-status plant species: Sonoma alopecurus, Sonoma sunshine, Burke’s goldfields, Sebastopol meadowfoam, Pitkin Marsh lily, and many-flowered navarretia. The proposed project is not likely to adversely affect these potentially occurring special-status plant species because none of these species are expected to occur within the project site. Several protocol-level floristic surveys have been conducted between 2007 and 2010 for the potentially occurring special-status plants within the project site and have had substantiated negative results (Attachment E). Additional protocol-level floristic surveys will be conducted within the remaining parcels of the project site and substantiated negative results are expected (Attachment E). Implementation of the recommended mitigation measures will ensure that any potential impacts to special-status plants or their habitats resulting from the proposed project will be less-than-significant or completely avoided.

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The proposed project would not affect California tiger salamander because the project falls outside its known range (USFWS, 2005a). Furthermore, no suitable habitat occurs within the project site for California tiger salamander.

MIGRATORY BIRDS Habitat types within the project site provide suitable nesting and foraging habitat for numerous migratory bird species. The proposed project would not affect migratory nesting bird species because implementation of the recommended mitigation measures will ensure that any potential impacts will be less-than-significant or completely avoided.

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10.0 REFERENCES Abrams Associated Traffic Engineering, Inc., 2010. Traffic Impact Study: Windsor Community. Report prepared for AES, February 2010. Walnut Creek, California.

Adobe Associates, 2010. Grading and Drainage Study: Lytton Residential Development. Report prepared for Analytical Environmental Services. Santa Rosa, California. October 2010.

Analytical Environmental Services (AES), 2011. Final Environmental Assessment: Lytton Residential Development. Prepared for Bureau of Indian Affairs. Sacramento, California.

AES. 2010a. Lytton Residential Development: Wetland Delineation Report. Report prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Sacramento, California.

AES. 2010b. Arbor Survey Report: Lytton Residential Development. Report prepared for Bureau of Indian Affairs. Sacramento, California.

AES. 2010c. Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys for the Lytton Residential Development Project Site. Report prepared for Bureau of Indian Affairs. Sacramento, California.

AES. 2010d. Stream Characterization: Lytton Residential Development Project Site. Report prepared for Bureau of Indian Affairs. Sacramento, California.

AES. 2009a. Environmental Assessment: Lytton Residential Development. Report prepared for Bureau of Indian Affairs. Sacramento, California.

AES. 2009b. Cultural Resources Study: Lytton Residential Development. Report prepared for Bureau of Indian Affairs. Sacramento, California.

AES. 2007. Environmental Constraints Report Lytton Windsor Housing. Report prepared for Bureau of Indian Affairs. Sacramento, California.

Best, Catherine, et. al. 1996. A Flora of Sonoma County. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, California.

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG). 2003. California Natural Diversity Database: RareFind 3, Version 3.0.5. Available online at: http://www.dfg.ca.gov/biogeodata/cnddb/rarefind.asp. Last accessed December 24, 2009.

CDFG. 2010. Cal Fish Passage Assessment. Anadromous Fish and Habitat Data Program. Database Query System. Available from www.calfish.org Last accessed March 9, 2010.

California Native Plant Society. 2009. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants-.Sacramento, California. Available online at: http://cnps.web.aplus.net/cgi-bin/inv/inventory.cgi/ Html?item=checkbox_9.htm#q9. Queried December 24, 2009.

Analytical Environmental Services 64 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment Biological Assessment

CH2M Hill, 1998. Final Training Manual to Evaluate Habitat Quality of Vernal Pool Ecosystem Sites in the Santa Rosa Plain. Report prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco District.

Davis, F. W., D. M. Stoms, A. D. Hollander, K. A. Thomas, P. A. Stine, D. Odion, M. I. Borchert, J. H. Thorne, M. V. Gray, R. E. Walker, K. Warner, and J. Graae. 1998. The California Gap Analysis Project--Final Report. University of California, Santa Barbara, CA. Available online at: http://www.biogeog.ucsb.edu/projects/gap/data/cnddb/alphalist.html Last accessed June 30, 2010.

Eco Logic. 2010a. Lytton Rancheria Water and Wastewater Feasibility Study. Final Report prepared for Analytical Environmental Services. Rocklin, California. September, 2010.

Eco:Logic. 2010b. Hydrogeologic Investigation Report for Lytton Rancheria Project. Report prepared for Analytical Environmental Services. Rocklin, California. Updated September, 2010.

Hickman, James C., (ed.). 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. University of California Press. Berkeley, California.

Holland, Robert. 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. State of California, The Resource Agency Department of Fish and Game. October 1986.

Jameson, E.W., Jr. and Peeters, H.J. 2004. Mammals of California, rev. ed. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

Mayer, Kenneth and Laudenslayer, W. 1988. A Guide to Wildlife Habitats of California. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. Sacramento, California.

Monk and Associates. 1999. Preliminary Biological Analysis and Recommendations 50-Acre Windsor River Road Project Site. Report prepared for the Lytton Band of Pomo Indians. Napa, California.

Moyle, P.B. 2002. Inland Fishes of California (revised and expanded). University of California Press, Berkeley, California. 502pp.

Nafis, G. 2010. California Reptiles and Amphibians. Available online at: http://www.californiaherps.com/ Last accessed on June 18, 2010.

National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 2010. National Marine Fisheries Service Office of Protected Resources – Information on Species under the Endangered Species Act. Available from http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/pr/species/esa/ Last accessed September 30, 2010.

Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). 2010. Soil Survey of Sonoma County, California. Available online at: http://soildatamart.nrcs.usda.gov/Survey.aspx?County=CA013. Last accessed July 17, 2010.

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NRCS/ USDA. 2010. National Soil Survey Handbook, title 430-VI. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Available at: http://soils.usda.gov/technical/handbook. Accessed on July 9, 2010.

North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board (NCRWQCB). 2007. Water Quality Control Plan for the North Coast. North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board. Sacramento, California. January 2007.

Ode, P.R. 2007. Standard Operating Procedures for Collecting Macroinvertebrate Samples and Associated Physical and Chemical Data for Ambient Bioassessments in California. California State Water Resources Control Board Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program (SWAMP) Bioassessment SOP 001. February, 2007.

Reid, F.A. 2006. Mammals of North America. Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston, Massachusetts.

RHG Consultants, Inc. 2008. Preliminary Geologic/Geotechnical Study Report: Lytton Windsor Residential Development. Report prepared for AES. Santa Rosa, California.

Sawyer, J.O., Keeler-Wolf, T. and J. M. Evans. 2009. A Manual of California Vegetation. Second Edition. California Native Plant Society Press, Sacramento, California.

Sibley, D. A. 2003. The Sibley Field Guide to Birds of Western North America. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York, New York.

Sonoma County Permit and Resource Planning Department. 2010. ActiveMap interactive mapping application for General Plan, land use and zoning. Available from http://www.sonoma- county.org/prmd/activemap/index.htm, last accessed August 20, 2010.

Sonoma County. 2008. Sonoma County General Plan 2020. Available at: http://www.sonoma- county.org/prmd/gp2020/adopted/index.htm. Accessed: October 2008.Stebbins, R.C. 2003. Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston, Massachusetts.

Town of Windsor. 2005. Town of Windsor General Plan, 2015. Version 1996, last revised: 2005. Available at: http://www.ci.windsor.ca.us/index.asp?NID=385. Accessed: 11 September 2008.

USEPA. 2007. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit No. CA0023345 (NCRWQCB Order No. R1-2007-0013) for Wastewater Treatment, Reclamation and Disposal Facility, WDID No. 1B037OSON. Issued May 15, 2007.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1978. Hydrologic Unit Map, State of California. Geological Survey. Reston, Virginia.

USGS. Photo-revised 1993. “Healdsburg, California” 7.5-minute Quadrangle. Geological Survey. Denver, Colorado.

Analytical Environmental Services 66 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment Biological Assessment

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2005a. Santa Rosa Plain Conservation Strategy. Conservation Strategy Team. Santa Rosa, California.

USFWS. 2005b. Recovery Plan for Vernal Pool Ecosystems of California and Southern Oregon. Portland, Oregon.

USFWS. 2007. Programmatic Biological Opinion for U.S. Army Corps (Corps) of Engineers Permitted Projects that May Affect California Tiger Salamander and Three Endangered Plant Species on the Santa Rosa Plain, California (Corps File Number 223420N). Sacramento, California.

USFWS. 2009. Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office: Endangered Species Program. Available online at: http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm. Accessed on December 24, 2009.

Western Regional Climate Center. 2007. (Accessed September 11, 2007). Available online at: http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?camary+nca.

Analytical Environmental Services 67 Lytton Residential Development September 2010 Biological Assessment ATTACHMENT A

USFWS, CNDDB, AND CNPS SCIENTIFIC DATABASE QUERIES Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 1 of 8

U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Federal Endangered and Threatened Species that Occur in or may be Affected by Projects in the Counties and/or U.S.G.S. 7 1/2 Minute Quads you requested Document Number: 091224043005 Database Last Updated: December 1, 2009

Quad Lists Listed Species Invertebrates Speyeria zerene myrtleae Myrtle's silverspot butterfly (E) Syncaris pacifica California freshwater shrimp (E) Fish Oncorhynchus kisutch coho salmon - central CA coast (E) (NMFS) Critical habitat, coho salmon - central CA coast (X) (NMFS) Oncorhynchus mykiss Central California Coastal steelhead (T) (NMFS) Central Valley steelhead (T) (NMFS) Critical habitat, Central California coastal steelhead (X) (NMFS) Oncorhynchus tshawytscha California coastal chinook salmon (T) (NMFS) Central Valley spring-run chinook salmon (T) (NMFS) Critical habitat, California coastal chinook salmon (X) (NMFS) winter-run chinook salmon, Sacramento River (E) (NMFS) Amphibians Ambystoma californiense California tiger salamander, central population (T) California tiger salamander, Sonoma Co. pop (E) Rana aurora draytonii California red-legged frog (T) Birds Brachyramphus marmoratus Critical habitat, marbled murrelet (X) marbled murrelet (T) Strix occidentalis caurina northern spotted owl (T) Plants Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis Sonoma alopecurus (E) Astragalus clarianus http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 2 of 8

Clara Hunt's milk-vetch (E) Blennosperma bakeri Baker's stickyseed [=Sonoma Sunshine] (E) Carex albida white sedge (E) Clarkia imbricata Vine Hill clarkia (E) Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. capillaris Pennell's bird's-beak (E) Delphinium bakeri Critical habitat, Baker's larkspur (X) Lasthenia burkei Burke's goldfields (E) Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense Pitkin Marsh lily (E) Limnanthes vinculans Sebastopol meadowfoam (E) Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha many-flowered navarretia (E) Sidalcea oregana ssp. valida Kenwood Marsh checkermallow (=checkerbloom) (E) Proposed Species Amphibians Rana aurora draytonii Critical habitat, California red-legged frog (PX) Quads Containing Listed, Proposed or Candidate Species: SANTA ROSA (501B) SEBASTOPOL (502A) CAMP MEEKER (502B) MOUNT ST. HELENA (517B) MARK WEST SPRINGS (517C) JIMTOWN (518A) GEYSERVILLE (518B) GUERNEVILLE (518C) HEALDSBURG (518D)

County Lists Sonoma County Listed Species Invertebrates Haliotes cracherodii black abalone (E) (NMFS)

Haliotes sorenseni http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 3 of 8

white abalone (E) (NMFS)

Speyeria zerene behrensii Behren's silverspot butterfly (E)

Speyeria zerene myrtleae Myrtle's silverspot butterfly (E)

Syncaris pacifica California freshwater shrimp (E)

Fish Acipenser medirostris green sturgeon (T) (NMFS)

Eucyclogobius newberryi critical habitat, tidewater goby (X) tidewater goby (E)

Oncorhynchus kisutch coho salmon - central CA coast (E) (NMFS) Critical habitat, coho salmon - central CA coast (X) (NMFS)

Oncorhynchus mykiss Central California Coastal steelhead (T) (NMFS) Critical habitat, Central California coastal steelhead (X) (NMFS) Critical habitat, Northern California steelhead (X) (NMFS) Northern California steelhead (T) (NMFS)

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha California coastal chinook salmon (T) (NMFS) Central Valley spring-run chinook salmon (T) (NMFS) Critical habitat, California coastal chinook salmon (X) (NMFS) Critical habitat, winter-run chinook salmon (X) (NMFS) winter-run chinook salmon, Sacramento River (E) (NMFS)

Amphibians Ambystoma californiense California tiger salamander, Sonoma Co. pop (E)

Rana aurora draytonii California red-legged frog (T)

Reptiles Caretta caretta loggerhead turtle (T) (NMFS) http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 4 of 8

Chelonia mydas (incl. agassizi) green turtle (T) (NMFS)

Dermochelys coriacea leatherback turtle (E) (NMFS)

Lepidochelys olivacea olive (=Pacific) ridley sea turtle (T) (NMFS)

Birds Brachyramphus marmoratus Critical habitat, marbled murrelet (X) marbled murrelet (T)

Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus western snowy plover (T)

Diomedea albatrus short-tailed albatross (E)

Pelecanus occidentalis californicus California brown pelican (E)

Rallus longirostris obsoletus California clapper rail (E)

Strix occidentalis caurina northern spotted owl (T)

Mammals Arctocephalus townsendi Guadalupe fur seal (T) (NMFS)

Balaenoptera borealis sei whale (E) (NMFS)

Balaenoptera musculus blue whale (E) (NMFS)

Balaenoptera physalus finback (=fin) whale (E) (NMFS)

Eubalaena (=Balaena) glacialis right whale (E) (NMFS)

http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 5 of 8

Eumetopias jubatus Steller (=northern) sea-lion (T) (NMFS)

Megaptera novaeangliae humpback whale (E) (NMFS)

Physeter catodon (=macrocephalus) sperm whale (E) (NMFS)

Reithrodontomys raviventris salt marsh harvest mouse (E)

Plants Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis Sonoma alopecurus (E)

Astragalus clarianus Clara Hunt's milk-vetch (E)

Blennosperma bakeri Baker's stickyseed [=Sonoma Sunshine] (E)

Carex albida white sedge (E)

Clarkia imbricata Vine Hill clarkia (E)

Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. capillaris Pennell's bird's-beak (E)

Delphinium bakeri Critical habitat, Baker's larkspur (X)

Delphinium luteum Critical habitat, yellow larkspur (X) yellow larkspur (E)

Eryngium constancei Loch Lomond coyote-thistle (=button-celery) (E)

Lasthenia burkei Burke's goldfields (E)

Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 6 of 8

Pitkin Marsh lily (E)

Limnanthes vinculans Sebastopol meadowfoam (E)

Lupinus tidestromii clover lupine [Tidestrom's lupine] (E)

Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha many-flowered navarretia (E)

Sidalcea oregana ssp. valida Kenwood Marsh checkermallow (=checkerbloom) (E)

Proposed Species Amphibians Rana aurora draytonii Critical habitat, California red-legged frog (PX)

Key:

(E) Endangered - Listed as being in danger of extinction. (T) Threatened - Listed as likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future. (P) Proposed - Officially proposed in the Federal Register for listing as endangered or threatened. (NMFS) Species under the Jurisdiction of the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Service. Consult with them directly about these species.

Critical Habitat - Area essential to the conservation of a species. (PX) Proposed Critical Habitat - The species is already listed. Critical habitat is being proposed for it. (C) Candidate - Candidate to become a proposed species. (V) Vacated by a court order. Not currently in effect. Being reviewed by the Service.

(X) Critical Habitat designated for this species

Important Information About Your Species List How We Make Species Lists We store information about endangered and threatened species lists by U.S. Geological Survey 7½ minute quads. The United States is divided into these quads, which are about the size of San Francisco.

The animals on your species list are ones that occur within, or may be affected by projects within, the quads covered by the list.

Fish and other aquatic species appear on your list if they are in the same watershed as your quad or if water use in your quad might affect them.

Amphibians will be on the list for a quad or county if pesticides applied in that area may be carried to their habitat by air currents.

Birds are shown regardless of whether they are resident or migratory. Relevant birds on the county list should be considered regardless of whether they appear on a quad list. http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 7 of 8

Plants Any plants on your list are ones that have actually been observed in the area covered by the list. Plants may exist in an area without ever having been detected there. You can find out what's in the surrounding quads through the California Native Plant Society's online Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants.

Surveying Some of the species on your list may not be affected by your project. A trained biologist and/or botanist, familiar with the habitat requirements of the species on your list, should determine whether they or habitats suitable for them may be affected by your project. We recommend that your surveys include any proposed and candidate species on your list. See our Protocol and Recovery Permits pages. For plant surveys, we recommend using the Guidelines for Conducting and Reporting Botanical Inventories. The results of your surveys should be published in any environmental documents prepared for your project.

Your Responsibilities Under the Endangered Species Act All animals identified as listed above are fully protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. Section 9 of the Act and its implementing regulations prohibit the take of a federally listed wildlife species. Take is defined by the Act as "to harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect" any such animal. Take may include significant habitat modification or degradation where it actually kills or injures wildlife by significantly impairing essential behavioral patterns, including breeding, feeding, or shelter (50 CFR §17.3). Take incidental to an otherwise lawful activity may be authorized by one of two procedures:

If a Federal agency is involved with the permitting, funding, or carrying out of a project that may result in take, then that agency must engage in a formal consultation with the Service. During formal consultation, the Federal agency, the applicant and the Service work together to avoid or minimize the impact on listed species and their habitat. Such consultation would result in a biological opinion by the Service addressing the anticipated effect of the project on listed and proposed species. The opinion may authorize a limited level of incidental take.

If no Federal agency is involved with the project, and federally listed species may be taken as part of the project, then you, the applicant, should apply for an incidental take permit. The Service may issue such a permit if you submit a satisfactory conservation plan for the species that would be affected by your project. Should your survey determine that federally listed or proposed species occur in the area and are likely to be affected by the project, we recommend that you work with this office and the California Department of Fish and Game to develop a plan that minimizes the project's direct and indirect impacts to listed species and compensates for project-related loss of habitat. You should include the plan in any environmental documents you file.

Critical Habitat When a species is listed as endangered or threatened, areas of habitat considered essential to its conservation may be designated as critical habitat. These areas may require special management considerations or protection. They provide needed space for growth and normal behavior; food, water, air, light, other nutritional or physiological requirements; cover or shelter; and sites for breeding, reproduction, rearing of offspring, germination or seed dispersal.

http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 8 of 8

Although critical habitat may be designated on private or State lands, activities on these lands are not restricted unless there is Federal involvement in the activities or direct harm to listed wildlife. If any species has proposed or designated critical habitat within a quad, there will be a separate line for this on the species list. Boundary descriptions of the critical habitat may be found in the Federal Register. The information is also reprinted in the Code of Federal Regulations (50 CFR 17.95). See our Map Room page.

Candidate Species We recommend that you address impacts to candidate species. We put plants and animals on our candidate list when we have enough scientific information to eventually propose them for listing as threatened or endangered. By considering these species early in your planning process you may be able to avoid the problems that could develop if one of these candidates was listed before the end of your project.

Species of Concern The Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office no longer maintains a list of species of concern. However, various other agencies and organizations maintain lists of at-risk species. These lists provide essential information for land management planning and conservation efforts. More info

Wetlands If your project will impact wetlands, riparian habitat, or other jurisdictional waters as defined by section 404 of the Clean Water Act and/or section 10 of the Rivers and Harbors Act, you will need to obtain a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Impacts to wetland habitats require site specific mitigation and monitoring. For questions regarding wetlands, please contact Mark Littlefield of this office at (916) 414-6580.

Updates Our database is constantly updated as species are proposed, listed and delisted. If you address proposed and candidate species in your planning, this should not be a problem. However, we recommend that you get an updated list every 90 days. That would be March 24, 2010.

http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 California Department of Fish and Game Natural Diversity Database Selected Elements by Scientific Name - Portrait

CDFG or Scientific Name/Common Name Element Code Federal Status State Status GRank SRank CNPS

1 Actinemys marmorata ARAAD02030 G3G4 S3 SC western pond turtle 2 Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis PMPOA07012 Endangered G5T1Q S1.1 1B.1 Sonoma alopecurus 3 Ambystoma californiense AAAAA01180 Threatened unknown code... G2G3 S2S3 SC California tiger salamander 4 Andrena blennospermatis IIHYM35030 G2 S2 Blennosperma vernal pool andrenid bee 5 Antrozous pallidus AMACC10010 G5 S3 SC pallid bat 6 Arborimus pomo AMAFF23030 G3 S3 SC Sonoma tree vole 7 Arctostaphylos bakeri ssp. bakeri PDERI04221 Rare G2T2 S2.1 1B.1 Baker's manzanita 8 Arctostaphylos densiflora PDERI040C0 Endangered G1 S1.1 1B.1 Vine Hill manzanita 9 Arctostaphylos stanfordiana ssp. decumbens PDERI041G4 G3T1 S1.1 1B.1 Rincon Ridge manzanita 10 Ardea herodias ABNGA04010 G5 S4 great blue heron 11 Athene cunicularia ABNSB10010 G4 S2 SC burrowing owl 12 Blennosperma bakeri PDAST1A010 Endangered Endangered G1 S1.2 1B.1 Sonoma sunshine 13 Brodiaea californica var. leptandra PMLIL0C022 G4?T2T3 S2S3.2 1B.2 narrow-anthered California brodiaea 14 Calamagrostis crassiglumis PMPOA17070 G3Q S1.2 2.1 Thurber's reed grass 15 Campanula californica PDCAM02060 G3 S3 1B.2 swamp harebell 16 Carex albida PMCYP030D0 Endangered Endangered G1 S1.1 1B.1 white sedge 17 Castilleja uliginosa PDSCR0D380 Endangered GXQ SX 1A Pitkin Marsh Indian paintbrush 18 Ceanothus confusus PDRHA04220 G2 S2.2 1B.1 Rincon Ridge ceanothus 19 Ceanothus foliosus var. vineatus PDRHA040D6 G3T1 S1? 1B.1 Vine Hill ceanothus 20 Chorizanthe valida PDPGN040V0 Endangered Endangered G1 S1.1 1B.1 Sonoma spineflower 21 Clarkia imbricata PDONA050K0 Endangered Endangered G1 S1.1 1B.1 Vine Hill clarkia 22 Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. capillaris PDSCR0J0S2 Endangered Rare G4G5T1 S1.2 1B.2 Pennell's bird's-beak 23 Delphinium luteum PDRAN0B0Z0 Endangered Rare G1 S1.1 1B.1 golden larkspur 24 Downingia pusilla PDCAM060C0 G3 S3.1 2.2 dwarf downingia

Commercial Version -- Dated November 01, 2009 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 1 Report Printed on Thursday, December 24, 2009 Information Expires 05/01/2010 California Department of Fish and Game Natural Diversity Database Selected Elements by Scientific Name - Portrait

CDFG or Scientific Name/Common Name Element Code Federal Status State Status GRank SRank CNPS

25 Elanus leucurus ABNKC06010 G5 S3 white-tailed kite 26 Erigeron greenei PDAST3M5G0 G2 S2 1B.2 Greene's narrow-leaved daisy 27 Hemizonia congesta ssp. congesta PDAST4R065 G5T2T3 S2S3 1B.2 seaside tarplant 28 Horkelia tenuiloba PDROS0W0E0 G2 S2.2 1B.2 thin-lobed horkelia 29 Hysterocarpus traski pomo AFCQK02011 G5T2 S2 SC Russian River tule perch 30 Lasthenia burkei PDAST5L010 Endangered Endangered G1 S1.1 1B.1 Burke's goldfields 31 Lasthenia californica ssp. bakeri PDAST5L0C4 G3TH SH 1B.2 Baker's goldfields 32 Leptosiphon jepsonii PDPLM09140 G2 S2.2 1B.2 Jepson's leptosiphon 33 Lessingia arachnoidea PDAST5S0C0 G1 S1.2 1B.2 Crystal Springs lessingia 34 Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense PMLIL1A0H3 Endangered Endangered G5T1 S1.1 1B.1 Pitkin Marsh lily 35 Limnanthes vinculans PDLIM02090 Endangered Endangered G2 S2.1 1B.1 Sebastopol meadowfoam 36 Linderiella occidentalis ICBRA06010 G3 S2S3 California linderiella 37 Microseris paludosa PDAST6E0D0 G2 S2.2 1B.2 marsh microseris 38 Monardella villosa ssp. globosa PDLAM180P7 G5T2 S2.2 1B.2 robust monardella 39 Mylopharodon conocephalus AFCJB25010 G3 S3 SC hardhead 40 Navarretia leucocephala ssp. bakeri PDPLM0C0E1 G4T2 S2.1 1B.1 Baker's navarretia 41 Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha PDPLM0C0E5 Endangered Endangered G4T1 S1.2 1B.2 many-flowered navarretia 42 Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool CTT44110CA G3 S3.1 43 Pandion haliaetus ABNKC01010 G5 S3 osprey 44 Pleuropogon hooverianus PMPOA4Y070 Threatened G1 S1.1 1B.1 North Coast semaphore grass 45 Rana boylii AAABH01050 G3 S2S3 SC foothill yellow-legged frog 46 Rhynchospora alba PMCYP0N010 G5 S3.2 2.2 white beaked-rush 47 Rhynchospora californica PMCYP0N060 G1 S1.1 1B.1 California beaked-rush 48 Rhynchospora capitellata PMCYP0N080 G5 S2S3 2.2 brownish beaked-rush 49 Rhynchospora globularis var. globularis PMCYP0N0W1 G5T5? S1 2.1 round-headed beaked-rush

Commercial Version -- Dated November 01, 2009 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 2 Report Printed on Thursday, December 24, 2009 Information Expires 05/01/2010 California Department of Fish and Game Natural Diversity Database Selected Elements by Scientific Name - Portrait

CDFG or Scientific Name/Common Name Element Code Federal Status State Status GRank SRank CNPS

50 Syncaris pacifica ICMAL27010 Endangered Endangered G1 S1 California freshwater shrimp 51 Taxidea taxus AMAJF04010 G5 S4 SC American badger 52 Trifolium amoenum PDFAB40040 Endangered G1 S1.1 1B.1 showy rancheria clover 53 Trifolium depauperatum var. hydrophilum PDFAB400R5 G5T2? S2.2? 1B.2 saline clover 54 Usnea longissima NLLEC5P420 G4 S4.2 long-beard lichen 55 Viburnum ellipticum PDCPR07080 G5 S2.3 2.3 oval-leaved viburnum

Commercial Version -- Dated November 01, 2009 -- Biogeographic Data Branch Page 3 Report Printed on Thursday, December 24, 2009 Information Expires 05/01/2010 CNPS Inventory: Plant Press Manager window with 71 items Page 1 of 7

CNPS Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants

Status: Plant Press Manager window with 71 items - Thu, Dec. 24, 2009 06:53 c Reformat list as: Standard List - with Plant Press controls ECOLOGICAL REPORT scientific family life form blooming communities elevation CNPS •Marshes and Alopecurus swamps (MshSw) perennial 5 - 365 List aequalis var. Poaceae May-Jul (freshwater) herb meters 1B.1 sonomensis •Riparian scrub (RpScr) •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) Amorpha perennial 120 - (openings) List californica var. Fabaceae deciduous Apr-Jul 2000 •Chaparral (Chprl) 1B.2 napensis shrub meters •Cismontane woodland (CmWld) •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Lower montane coniferous Anomobryum forest (LCFrs) julaceum Bryaceae moss •North Coast 100 - 1000 meters List 2.2 coniferous forest (NCFrs)/damp rock and soil on outcrops, usually on roadcuts •Broadleafed upland Arctostaphylos perennial forest (BUFrs) 75 - List bakeri ssp. Ericaceae evergreen Feb-Apr •Chaparral 300 1B.1 bakeri shrub (Chprl)/often meters serpentinite •Closed-cone coniferous forest Arctostaphylos perennial 185 - (CCFrs) List bakeri ssp. Ericaceae evergreen Feb-May 760 •Chaparral 1B.2 sublaevis shrub meters (Chprl)/serpentinite seeps Arctostaphylos •Chaparral (Chprl) perennial •Lower montane 180 - canescens List Ericaceae evergreen Jan-Jun coniferous forest 1675 ssp. 1B.2 sonomensis shrub (LCFrs)/sometimes meters serpentinite perennial 50 - Arctostaphylos •Chaparral (Chprl) List Ericaceae evergreen Feb-Apr 120 densiflora (acid marine sand) 1B.1 shrub meters •Chaparral (Chprl) •Cismontane Arctostaphylos perennial 395 - woodland (CmWld) List manzanita ssp. Ericaceae evergreen Mar-May 1615 •Lower montane 1B.3 elegans shrub meters coniferous forest (LCFrs)/volcanic Arctostaphylos •Chaparral (Chprl) perennial 75 - stanfordiana (rhyolitic) List Ericaceae evergreen Feb-Apr 370 ssp. •Cismontane 1B.1 shrub meters decumbens woodland (CmWld)

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•Chaparral (Chprl) (openings) •Cismontane woodland (CmWld) 75 - Astragalus List Fabaceae annual herb Mar-May •Valley and foothill 275 claranus 1B.1 grassland meters (VFGrs)/serpentinite or volcanic, rocky, clay •Chaparral (Chprl) Balsamorhiza •Cismontane woodland (CmWld) 90 - macrolepis perennial List Asteraceae Mar-Jun •Valley and foothill 1555 var. herb 1B.2 macrolepis grassland meters (VFGrs)/sometimes serpentinite •Valley and foothill 10 - Blennosperma grassland (VFGrs) List Asteraceae annual herb Mar-May 110 bakeri (mesic) 1B.1 meters •Vernal pools (VnPls) •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Chaparral (Chprl) •Cismontane Brodiaea perennial woodland (CmWld) 110 - List californica var. Liliaceae bulbiferous May-Jul •Lower montane 915 1B.2 leptandra herb coniferous forest meters (LCFrs) •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs)/volcanic •Coastal scrub perennial (CoScr)(mesic) Calamagrostis 10 - 45 List Poaceae rhizomatous May-Jul •Marshes and crassiglumis meters 2.1 herb swamps (MshSw) (freshwater) •Bogs and fens (BgFns) •Closed-cone coniferous forest (CCFrs) •Coastal prairie perennial (CoPrr) Campanula 1 - 405 List Campanulaceae rhizomatous Jun-Oct •Meadows and seeps californica meters 1B.2 herb (Medws) •Marshes and swamps (MshSw) (freshwater) •North Coast coniferous forest (NCFrs)/mesic •Bogs and fens perennial (BgFns) 15 - 90 List Carex albida Cyperaceae rhizomatous May-Jul •Marshes and meters 1B.1 herb swamps (MshSw) (freshwater) •Coastal prairie (CoPrr) perennial •Marshes and 0 - 625 List Carex comosa Cyperaceae rhizomatous May-Sep swamps (MshSw) meters 2.1 herb (lake margins) •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs)

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perennial •Marshes and Castilleja 60 - 60 List Scrophulariaceae herb Jun-Jul swamps (MshSw) uliginosa meters 1A hemiparasitic (freshwater) •Closed-cone coniferous forest (CCFrs) perennial 75 - Ceanothus •Chaparral (Chprl) List Rhamnaceae evergreen Feb-Jun 1065 confusus •Cismontane 1B.1 shrub meters woodland (CmWld)/volcanic or serpentinite perennial •Chaparral (Chprl) 170 - Ceanothus List Rhamnaceae evergreen Feb-Mar (serpentinite or 950 divergens 1B.2 shrub volcanic, rocky) meters Ceanothus perennial 45 - List foliosus var. Rhamnaceae evergreen Mar-May •Chaparral (Chprl) 305 1B.1 vineatus shrub meters •Chaparral (Chprl) perennial •Cismontane 120 - Ceanothus List Rhamnaceae evergreen Feb-Jun woodland 640 purpureus 1B.2 shrub (CmWld)/volcanic, meters rocky perennial •Chaparral (Chprl) 215 - Ceanothus List Rhamnaceae evergreen Feb-Apr (sandy, serpentinite 800 sonomensis 1B.2 shrub or volcanic) meters •Chaparral (Chprl) •Coastal prairie (CoPrr) •Meadows and seeps Centromadia (Medws) •Marshes and 2 - 420 List parryi ssp. Asteraceae annual herb May-Nov parryi swamps (MshSw) meters 1B.2 (coastal salt) •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs) (vernally mesic)/often alkaline 10 - Chorizanthe •Coastal prairie List Polygonaceae annual herb Jun-Aug 305 valida (CoPrr)(sandy) 1B.1 meters •Chaparral (Chprl) •Valley and foothill Clarkia 50 - 75 List Onagraceae annual herb Jun-Aug grassland imbricata meters 1B.1 (VFGrs)/acidic sandy loam •Closed-cone Cordylanthus coniferous forest 45 - annual herb List tenuis ssp. Scrophulariaceae Jun-Sep (CCFrs) 305 hemiparasitic 1B.2 capillaris •Chaparral meters (Chprl)/serpentinite Cryptantha 395 - •Chaparral (Chprl) List clevelandii var. Boraginaceae annual herb Apr-Jun 580 (serpentinite) 1B.1 dissita meters •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Coastal scrub 80 - Delphinium perennial (CoScr) List Ranunculaceae Mar-May 305 bakeri herb •Valley and foothill 1B.1 meters grassland (VFGrs)/decomposed shale, often mesic •Chaparral (Chprl) Delphinium perennial 0 - 100 List Ranunculaceae Mar-May •Coastal prairie luteum herb meters 1B.1 (CoPrr) http://www.northcoastcnps.org/cgi-bin/inv/inventory.cgi/BasketShowx?format=1&editable=1 12/24/2009 CNPS Inventory: Plant Press Manager window with 71 items Page 4 of 7

•Coastal scrub (CoScr)/rocky •Valley and foothill Downingia grassland (VFGrs) 1 - 445 List Campanulaceae annual herb Mar-May pusilla (mesic) meters 2.2 •Vernal pools (VnPls) •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Cismontane 30 - Erigeron perennial List Asteraceae Jun-Oct woodland (CmWld) 1100 biolettii herb 3 •North Coast meters coniferous forest (NCFrs)/rocky, mesic •Chaparral (Chprl) 80 - Erigeron perennial List Asteraceae May-Sep (serpentinite or 1005 greenei herb 1B.2 volcanic) meters 60 - Erigeron perennial •Chaparral (Chprl) List Asteraceae May-Aug 670 serpentinus herb (serpentinite, seeps) 1B.3 meters perennial 300 - Eriogonum •Chaparral (Chprl) List Polygonaceae rhizomatous Jun-Sep 2105 nervulosum (serpentinite) 1B.2 herb meters •Cismontane woodland (CmWld) •Coastal prairie (CoPrr) perennial Fritillaria •Coastal scrub 3 - 410 List Liliaceae bulbiferous Feb-Apr liliacea (CoScr) meters 1B.2 herb •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs)/often serpentinite Gilia capitata •Coastal bluff scrub 15 - List ssp. Polemoniaceae annual herb May-Jul (CBScr)(rocky, 155 1B.1 tomentosa outcrops) meters •Valley and foothill Hemizonia 20 - grassland List congesta ssp. Asteraceae annual herb Apr-Nov 560 (VFGrs)/sometimes 1B.2 congesta meters roadsides 60 - Hesperolinon •Chaparral (Chprl) List Linaceae annual herb May-Jul 1005 bicarpellatum (serpentinite) 1B.2 meters •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Chaparral (Chprl) 50 - Horkelia perennial List Rosaceae May-Jul •Valley and foothill 500 tenuiloba herb 1B.2 grassland meters (VFGrs)/mesic openings, sandy •Meadows and seeps 15 - Lasthenia List Asteraceae annual herb Apr-Jun (Medws)(mesic) 600 burkei 1B.1 •Vernal pools (VnPls) meters •Closed-cone coniferous forest (CCFrs)(openings) Lasthenia •Coastal scrub 60 - perennial List californica Asteraceae Apr-Oct (CoScr) 520 herb 1B.2 ssp. bakeri •Meadows and seeps meters (Medws) •Marshes and swamps (MshSw) Legenere 1 - 880 List Campanulaceae annual herb Apr-Jun •Vernal pools (VnPls) limosa meters 1B.1

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•Chaparral (Chprl) •Cismontane 100 - Leptosiphon List Polemoniaceae annual herb Mar-May woodland 500 jepsonii 1B.2 (CmWld)/usually meters volcanic •Cismontane woodland (CmWld) •Coastal scrub 60 - Lessingia (CoScr) List Asteraceae annual herb Jul-Oct 200 arachnoidea •Valley and foothill 1B.2 meters grassland (VFGrs)/serpentinite, often roadsides •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Coastal scrub (CoScr) •Lower montane 15 - Lessingia List Asteraceae annual herb Jun-Oct coniferous forest 305 hololeuca 3 (LCFrs) meters •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs)/clay, serpentinite •Cismontane woodland (CmWld) •Meadows and seeps Lilium perennial (Medws) 35 - 65 List pardalinum Liliaceae bulbiferous Jun-Jul •Marshes and meters 1B.1 ssp. pitkinense herb swamps (MshSw) (freshwater)/mesic, sandy •Meadows and seeps (Medws) •Valley and foothill 15 - Limnanthes List Limnanthaceae annual herb Apr-May grassland (VFGrs) 305 vinculans 1B.1 •Vernal pools meters (VnPls)/vernally mesic •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Chaparral (Chprl) 275 - Lupinus perennial •Cismontane List Fabaceae Mar-Jun 1525 sericatus herb woodland (CmWld) 1B.2 meters •Lower montane coniferous forest (LCFrs) •Meadows and seeps (Medws) 1500 - perennial List Mertensia bella Boraginaceae May-Jul •Upper montane 2000 herb 2.2 coniferous forest meters (UCFrs)/mesic •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Chaparral (Chprl) 45 - Micropus •Cismontane List Asteraceae annual herb Mar-May 825 amphibolus woodland (CmWld) 3.2 meters •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs)/rocky •Closed-cone Apr-Jun(Jul) coniferous forest Microseris perennial 5 - 300 List Asteraceae Months in (CCFrs) paludosa herb parentheses are meters 1B.2 uncommon. •Cismontane woodland (CmWld) http://www.northcoastcnps.org/cgi-bin/inv/inventory.cgi/BasketShowx?format=1&editable=1 12/24/2009 CNPS Inventory: Plant Press Manager window with 71 items Page 6 of 7

•Coastal scrub (CoScr) •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs) •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) (openings) •Chaparral (Chprl) Monardella perennial Jun-Jul(Aug) (openings) 100 - List villosa ssp. Lamiaceae rhizomatous Months in •Cismontane 915 globosa parentheses are 1B.2 herb uncommon. woodland (CmWld) meters •Coastal scrub (CoScr) •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs) •Cismontane woodland (CmWld) •Lower montane coniferous forest Navarretia (LCFrs) 5 - List leucocephala Polemoniaceae annual herb Apr-Jul •Meadows and seeps 1740 1B.1 ssp. bakeri (Medws) meters •Valley and foothill grassland (VFGrs) •Vernal pools (VnPls)/mesic Navarretia 30 - •Vernal pools (VnPls) List leucocephala Polemoniaceae annual herb May-Jun 950 (volcanic ash flow) 1B.2 ssp. plieantha meters Penstemon 700 - perennial •Chaparral (Chprl) List newberryi var. Scrophulariaceae Apr-Aug 1370 herb (rocky) 1B.3 sonomensis meters •Broadleafed upland forest (BUFrs) •Meadows and seeps perennial 10 - Pleuropogon (Medws) List Poaceae rhizomatous Apr-Aug 671 hooverianus •North Coast 1B.1 herb meters coniferous forest (NCFrs)/open areas, mesic •Marshes and perennial 300 - Potamogeton swamps (MshSw) List Potamogetonaceae rhizomatous May-Jul 2150 filiformis (assorted shallow 2.2 herb aquatic meters freshwater) •Bogs and fens (BgFns) perennial •Meadows and seeps 60 - Rhynchospora List Cyperaceae rhizomatous Jul-Aug (Medws) 2040 alba 2.2 herb •Marshes and meters swamps (MshSw) (freshwater) •Bogs and fens (BgFns) •Lower montane coniferous forest perennial 45 - Rhynchospora (LCFrs) List Cyperaceae rhizomatous May-Jul 1010 californica •Meadows and seeps 1B.1 herb meters (Medws)(seeps) •Marshes and swamps (MshSw) (freshwater) •Lower montane 455 - Rhynchospora perennial coniferous forest List Cyperaceae Jul-Aug 2000 capitellata herb (LCFrs) 2.2 meters •Meadows and seeps http://www.northcoastcnps.org/cgi-bin/inv/inventory.cgi/BasketShowx?format=1&editable=1 12/24/2009 CNPS Inventory: Plant Press Manager window with 71 items Page 7 of 7

(Medws) •Marshes and swamps (MshSw) •Upper montane coniferous forest (UCFrs)/mesic Rhynchospora perennial •Marshes and 45 - 60 List globularis var. Cyperaceae rhizomatous Jul-Aug swamps (MshSw) meters 2.1 globularis herb (freshwater) Sidalcea perennial •Marshes and 115 - List oregana ssp. Malvaceae rhizomatous Jun-Sep swamps (MshSw) 150 1B.1 valida herb (freshwater) meters •Chaparral (Chprl) Streptanthus 490 - perennial •Cismontane List brachiatus Brassicaceae May-Jul 1220 herb woodland 1B.2 ssp. hoffmanii meters (CmWld)/serpentinite •Chaparral (Chprl) (openings) Streptanthus 130 - •Cismontane List breweri var. Brassicaceae annual herb May-Jul 760 woodland 1B.2 hesperidis meters (CmWld)/serpentinite, rocky Streptanthus 90 - perennial •Chaparral (Chprl) List morrisonii ssp. Brassicaceae Jun-Sep 815 herb (serpentinite) 1B.2 elatus meters Streptanthus •Cismontane 215 - perennial List morrisonii ssp. Brassicaceae Apr-Jul woodland (CmWld) 1035 herb 1B.2 kruckebergii (serpentinite) meters •Coastal bluff scrub (CBScr) Trifolium •Valley and foothill 5 - 415 List Fabaceae annual herb Apr-Jun amoenum grassland (VFGrs) meters 1B.1 (sometimes serpentinite) •Marshes and Trifolium swamps (MshSw) depauperatum •Valley and foothill 0 - 300 List Fabaceae annual herb Apr-Jun var. grassland (VFGrs) meters 1B.2 hydrophilum (mesic, alkaline) •Vernal pools (VnPls) •Coastal bluff scrub (CBScr) Triquetrella List Pottiaceae moss •Coastal 10 - 100 meters californica 1B.2 scrub (CoScr)/soil •Chaparral (Chprl) •Cismontane perennial 215 - Viburnum woodland (CmWld) List Caprifoliaceae deciduous May-Jun 1400 ellipticum •Lower montane 2.3 shrub meters coniferous forest (LCFrs)

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REGIONALLY OCCURRING SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES TABLE ATTACHMENT B

REGIONALLY OCCURRING SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES FOR THE LYTTON RESIDENTIAL PROJECT SITE FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Plants Alopecurus aequalis var. FE/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Marshes and swamps (freshwater) and riparian May - July Yes. The aquatic habitats within the sonomensis counties. scrub. Elevations: 5 to 365 meters. project site are considered suitable Sonoma alopecurus habitat for this species. Amorpha californica var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Monterey, Marin, Napa, Broadleaf upland forest (openings), chaparral, April - July No. The project site is outside the napensis and Sonoma counties. and cismontane woodland. Elevations: 120 to known range of elevation for this Napa false indigo 2,000 meters. species. Anomobryum julaceum --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Butte, Contra Costa, Broadleaf upland forest, lower montane Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species slender silver moss Humboldt, Los Angeles, Mariposa, Santa coniferous forest, and North Coast coniferous does not occur within the project Barbara, Santa Cruz, and Sonoma counties. forest (on or around damp rock outcrops and site. The project site is outside the usually in roadcuts). Elevations: 100 to 1,000 known range of elevation for this meters. species. No. Arctostaphylos bakeri ssp. --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Brodleaf upland forest and chaparral (often February - April The project site is outside the bakeri serpentinite). Elevations: 75 to 300 meters. very limited geographical range of Baker’s manzanita this species, which is found within the Camp Meeker Quad, between Occidental and Forestville only. The project site also is just outside the known elevation range for this species and there are no serpentinite soils. Arctostaphylos bakeri spp. --/CR/1B.2 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Closed cone coniferous forest and chaparral February - May No. Suitable habitat for this species sublaevis (serpentinite seeps). Elevations: 185 to 760 does not occur within the project The Cedars manzanita meters. site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Arctostaphylos canescens ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Humboldt, Lake, Chaparral and lower montane coniferous forest January - April (June) Suitable habitat for this species sonomensis Mendocino, Sonoma, Tehama, and Trinity (sometimes serpentinite). Elevations: 180 to does not occur within the project Sonoma canescent counties. 1,675 meters. site. The project site is outside the manzanita known range of elevation for this species. Arctostaphylos densiflora --/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Chaparral on acid marine sand. Elevations: 50 February - April No. Suitable habitat for this species Vine Hill manzanita to 120 meters. does not occur within the project site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 1 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Arctostaphylos manzanita --/--/1B.3 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Chaparral, cismontane woodland and lower March - May No. The project site is outside the spp. elegans Napa, Sonoma, and Tehama counties. montane coniferous forest (volcanic). known range of elevation for this Konocti manzanita Elevations: 395 to 1,615. species. Acrtostaphylos stanfordiana --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Chaparral (rhyolitic) and cismontane woodland. February - April No. This species has been found in ssp. decumbens Elevations: 75 to 370 meters. association with red rhyolitic soils in Rincon Ridge manzanita chaparral and basalt-derived gravelly silt loam in coastal prairie and cismontane woodland (CDFG, 2003). These soil and habitat combinations are not found on the project site. The project site also is just outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Astragalus claranus FE/CT/1B.1 Known to occur in Napa and Sonoma Chaparral (openings), cismontane woodland, March - May The project site does not Clara Hunt’s milk-vetch counties. and Valley and foothill grassland (serpentinite or contain appropriate soils to support volcanic, rocky, and clay). Elevations: 75 to his species. The project site also is 275 meters. just outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Astragalus rattanii var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Chaparral, cismontane woodland, and Valley March - June The project site is outside the jepsonianus Napa, Tehama, and Yolo counties. and foothill grassland (often serpentinite). known range of elevation for this Jepson’s milk-vetch Elevations: 90 to 700 meters. species. Known to occur in Alameda, Butte, Chaparral, cismontane woodland, Valley and No. The project site is outside the Balsamorhiza macrolepis var. --/--/1B.2 Colusa, El Dorado, Lake, Mariposa, Napa, foothill grassland (sometimes serpentinite soils). known range of elevation for this macrolepis March - June Placer, Santa Clara, Solano, Sonoma, and Elevations: 90 to 1,555 meters. species. big-scale balsamroot Tehama counties. Yes. Blennosperma bakeri FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Valley and foothill grassland and vernal pools. March - May The aquatic features and the Sonoma sunshine Elevations: 10 to 110 meters. annual grassland habitat within the project site are considered suitable for this species. Brodiaea californica var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, cismontane May - July No. The project site is outside the leptandra Sonoma counties. woodland, lower montane coniferous forest, and known range of elevation for this narrow-anthered California Valley and foothill grassland (volcanic). species. brodiaea Elevations: 110 to 915 meters. Calamagrostis crassiglumis --/--/2.1 Known to occur in Del Norte, Mendocino, Coastal scrub (mesic) and marshes and swamps May - July No. No suitable habitat occurs on Thurber’s reed grass Marin, and Sonoma counties. (freshwater). Elevations: 10 to 45 meters. the project site.

No. Calystegia collina ssp. --/--/4.3 Known to occur in Lake, Mendocino, Chaparral, lower montane coniferous forest, and April - June There are no serpentinite soils oxyphylla Marin, Napa, San Benito, and Sonoma Valley and foothill grassland (serpentinite). on the project site, and it is outside Mt. Saint Helena morning- counties. Elevations: 279 to 1,010 meters. the known range of elevation for this glory species.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 2 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Campanula californica --/--1B.2 Known to occur in Mendocino, Marin, Bogs and fens, closedtocone coniferous forest, June - October No. There is no suitable habitat on swamp harebell Santa Cruz, and Sonoma counties. coastal prairie, meadows and seeps, marshes and the project site. swamps (freshwater), and North Coast coniferous forest (mesic). Elevations: 1 to 405 meters. No. Carex albida FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Bogs and fens and marshes and swamps May - July There is no suitable habitat on white sedge (freshwater). Elevations: 15 to 90 meters. the project site. No. Carex comosa --/--/2.1 Known to occur in Contra Costa, Lake, Coastal prairie, marshes and swamps (lake May - September There is no suitable habitat for bristly sedge Mendocino, Sacramento, San Bernardino margins), and Valley and foothill grassland. this species on the project site. (may be extirpated), Santa Cruz, San Elevations: 0 to 625 meters. Francisco (may be extirpated), Shasta, San Joaquin, and Sonoma counties. Also occurs in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Castilleja ambigua ssp. --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Coastal bluff scrub, coastal prairie, coastal March - August Yes. The aquatic habitats within ambigua Del Norte, Humboldt, Mendocino, Marin, scrub, marshes and swamps, Valley and foothill grassland on the project site may Johnny-nip Napa, Santa Cruz , San Francisco grassland, vernal pool margins. Elevations: 0 to provide suitable habitat for this (unverified), San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, 435 meters. species. Sonoma, as well as Oregon and Washington. Castilleja uliginosa --/CE/1A Known to occur in Sonoma County. This Marshes and swamps (freshwater). Elevation: June - July No. There is no suitable habitat for Pitkin Marsh Indian species is presumed extinct. 60 meters. this species on the project site. paintbrush Ceanothus confusus --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Mendocino, Closed cone coniferous forest, chaparral, and February - June No. The project site does not Rincon Ridge ceanothus Napa, and Sonoma counties. cismontane woodland (volcanic or serpentinite). contain suitable habitat for this Elevations: 75 to 1,065 meters. species and is just outside the known range of elevation for this species. Ceanothus divergens --/--/1B2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral on rocky, serpentinite or volcanic February - March No. The project site is outside the Calistoga ceanothus Sonoma counties. soils. Elevations: 170 to 950 meters. known range of elevation for this species. Ceanothus foliosus var. --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Mendocino and Chaparral. Elevations: 45 to 305 meters. March - May No. There is no suitable habitat for vineatus Sonoma counties. this species on the project site. Vine Hill ceanothus Ceanothus purpureus --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Napa, Shasta, Solano, Chaparral and cismontane woodland (volcanic, February - June No. The project site is outside the holly-leaved ceanothus Sonoma, and Trinity counties. rocky). Elevations: 120 to 640 meters. known range of elevation for this species. Ceanothus sonomensis --/--/1B.2 Known to Napa and Sonoma counties. Chaparral (sandy, serpentinite or volcanic). February - April No. Suitable habitat for this species Sonoma ceanothus Elevation: 215 to 800 meters does not occur within the project site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 3 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Yes. Centromadia parryi ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Butte, Colusa, Glenn, Chaparral, coastal prairie, meadows and seeps, May - November Suitable habitat for this parryi Lake, Napa, San Mateo, Solano, and marshes and swamps (coastal salt), and Valley species may be found in grasslands pappose tarplant Sonoma counties. and foothill grassland (vernally mesic/often or oak savannah on the project site, alkaline). Elevations: 2 to 420 meters. although the soils on the project site are non-alkaline. No. Chorizanthe valida FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Coastal prairie (sandy). Elevations: 10 to 305 June - August Suitable habitat for this species Sonoma spineflower (may be extirpated) counties. meters. does not occur within the project site. No. Clarkia imbricata FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Chaparral and Valley and foothill grassland June - August Acidic sandy loams do not Vine Hill clarkia (acidic sandy loam). Elevations: 50 to 75 occur on the project site. meters. No. Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. FE/CR/1B.2 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Closed cone coniferous forest and chaparral June - September Suitable habitat for this species capillaris (serpentinite). Elevations: 45 to 305 meters. does not occur within the project Pennell’s bird’s-beak site. Cryptanttha clevlandii var. --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Mendocino, Napa Chaparral on serpentinite soils. Elevations: 395 April - June No. Suitable habitat for this species dissita and Sonoma counties. to 580 meters. does not occur within the project serpentinite cryptantha site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Delphinium bakeri FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Broadleafed upland forest, coastal scrub, and March - May The project site does not Baker’s larkspur counties (may be extirpated). Valley and foothill grassland (decomposed contain suitable soils to support this shale, often mesic). Elevations: 80 to 305 species. meters. No. Delphinium luteum FE/CR/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Chaparral, coastal prairie, and Coastal March - May Suitable habitat for this species yellow (golden) larkspur counties. scrub/rocky. Elevations: 0 to 100 meters. does not occur within the project site. Yes. Downingia pusilla --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Fresno, Merced, Napa, Valley and foothill grassland (mesic) and vernal March - May The aquatic features within the dwarf downingia Placer, Sacramento, San Joaquin, Solano, pools. Elevations: 1 to 445 meters. project site are suitable habitat for Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, and Yuba this species. counties. Also occurs in South America. Yes. Elymus californicus --/--/4.3 Known to occur in Marin, Santa Cruz, San Broadleaf upland forest, cismontane woodland, May - August The drainages within California bottlebrush grass Mateo, Sonoma counties. North Coast coniferous forest, woodlands within the project site riparian woodland. Elevations: 15 to 470 may provide suitable habitat for this meters. species. No. Erigeron bioletti --/--/3 Known to occur in Humboldt, Mendocino, Broadleaf upland forest, cismontane woodland, June - October The deep sandy loam soils on streamside daisy Marin, Napa, Solano, and Sonoma and North Coast coniferous forest (rocky, the project site are not sufficiently counties. mesic). Elevations: 30 to 1,100 meters. rocky to support this species. Erigeron greenei --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral (serpentinite or volcanic soils). May - September No. Suitable habitat for this species Greene’s narrow-leaved daisy Sonoma counties. Elevations: 80 to 1,005 meters. does not occur within the project site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 4 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Erigeron serpentinus --/--/1B.3 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Chaparral (serpentinite, seeps). Elevations: 60 May - August No. Suitable habitat for this species serpentine daisy to 670 meters. does not occur within the project site. No. Eriogonum nervulosum --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Chaparral (serpentine). Elevations: 300 to 2,105 June - September Suitable habitat for this species Snow Mountain buckwheat Napa, Sonoma, and Yolo counties. meters. does not occur within the project site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Eryngium constancei FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Vernal pools. Elevations: 460 to 855 meters. April - June The project site is outside the Loch Lomond coyote-thistle Sonoma counties. known range of elevation for this species. Yes. Fritillaria liliacea --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Cismontane woodland, coastal prairie, coastal February - April The mixed oak woodland and fragrant fritillary Monterey, Marin, San Benito, Santa Clara, scrub, and Valley and foothill grasslands (often annual grassland within the project San Francisco, San Mateo, Solano, and serpentinite). Elevations: 3 to 410 meters. site are suitable habitats for this Sonoma counties. species. No. Gilia capitata ssp. tomentosa --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Coastal bluff scrub (rocky outcrops). May - July Suitable habitat for this species bluehead gilia (may be extirpated) counties. Elevations: 15 to 155 meters. does not occur within the project site. Yes. Hemizonia congesta ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Marin, Mendocino, San Valley and foothill grasslands (sometimes April - November The annual grassland within congesta Francisco, and Sonoma counties. roadsides). Elevations: 20 to 560 meters. the project site is suitable habitat for seaside tarplant/pale yellow this species. hayfield tarplant No. Hesperolinon bicarpellatum --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral (serpentinite). Elevations: 60 to 1,005 May - July Suitable habitat for this species two-carpellate western flax Sonoma counties. does not occur within the project site. No. Horkelia tenuiloba --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Mendocino, Marin, and Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, and Valley May - July The soils on the project site are thin-lobed horkelia Sonoma counties. and foothill grassland (mesic, openings, sandy). not sufficiently sandy to support this Elevations: 50 to 500 meters. species. Yes. Lasthenia burkei FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Mendocino, Meadows and seeps (mesic) and vernal pools. April - June The aquatic features within the Burke’s goldfields Napa, and Sonoma counties. Elevations: 15 to 600 meters. project site are suitable habitat for this species. Lasthenia californica ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Mendocino, Marin and Closed cone coniferous forest (openings), April - October No. Suitable habitat for this species bakeri Sonoma counties. coastal scrub, meadows and seeps, marshes and does not occur within the project Baker’s goldfields swamps. Elevations: 60 to 520 meters. site. Yes. Legenere limosa --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Alameda, Lake, Napa, Vernal pools, sloughs ephemeral stock ponds April - June Some aquatic features in the legenere Placer, Sacramento, Santa Clara, Shasta, (CDFG, 2003). Elevations: 1 to 880 meters. grasslands contain marginal habitat San Joaquin, San Mateo, Solano, Sonoma, for this species on the project site. Stanislaus Tehama, and Yuba counties.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 5 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Leptosiphon acicularis --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Butte, Contra Chaparral, cismontane woodland, coastal prairie, April - July Yes. Grasslands on the project site Bristly leptosiphon Costa (unverified), Fresno, Humboldt, and Valley and foothill grassland. Elevations: contain suitable habitat for this Lake, Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Santa 55 to 1,500 meters. species on the project site. Clara, San Mateo, and Sonoma counties. Leptosiphon jepsonii --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral and cismontane woodland (usually March - May No. The project site is outside the Jepson’s leptosiphon Sonoma counties. volcanic). Elevations: 100 to 500 meters. known range of elevation for this species. No. Lessingia arachnoidea --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in San Mateo and Sonoma Cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, Valley and July - October Suitable habitat for this species Crystal Springs lessingia counties. foothill grassland (serpentinite, often roadsides). does not occur within the project Elevations: 60 to 200 meters. site. No. Lessingia hololeuca --/--/3 Known to occur in Alameda, Monterey, Broadleaf upland forest, coastal scrub, lower June - October Suitable habitat for this species woolly-headed lessingia Marin, Napa, Santa Clara, San Mateo, montane coniferous forest, and Valley and does not occur within the project Solano, Sonoma, and Yolo counties. foothill grassland (clay, serpentinite). site. Elevations: 15 to 305 meters. Yes. Lilium pardalinum ssp. FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Cismontane woodland, meadows and seeps, and June - July The aquatic features within pitkinense marshes and swamps (freshwater, mesic, sandy). woodlands on the project site are Pitkin Marsh lily Elevations: 35 to 65 meters. suitable habitats for this species. Yes. Lilium rubescens --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Del Norte, Glenn, Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, lower April - August The woodlands within the Redwood lily Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Santa montane coniferous forest, North Coast project site provide suitable habitat Cruz*, Shasta, Siskiyou, Sonoma, and coniferous forest, upper montane coniferous for this species. Trinity counties. forest/sometimes serpentinite, sometimes roadsides. Elevations: 30 to 1,750 meters. Yes. Limnanthes vinculans FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Napa and Sonoma Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill April - May The aquatic features and the Sebastopol meadowfoam counties. grassland, and vernal pools (vernally mesic). annual grassland habitat within the Elevations: 15 to 305 meters. project site are suitable for this species. Yes. Lotus formosissimus --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Del Norte, Humboldt, Broadleaf upland forest, coastal bluff scrub, March - July The aquatic features within the Harlequin lotus Mendocino, Monterey, Marin, San Benito, closed cone coniferous forest, cismontane grasslands and woodlands within the Santa Cruz, San Francisco, San Luis woodland, coastal prairie, coastal scrub, project site are suitable for this Obispo, San Mateo, and Sonoma counties, meadows and seeps, marshes and swamps, species. This species was observed as well as Oregon and Washington. North Coast coniferous forest, Valley and within a wetland area of parcels foothill grassland/wetlands, roadsides. surveyed prior to 2010. Elevations: 0 to 700 meters. No. Lupinus sericatus --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Colusa, Lake, Napa, Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, Cismontane March - June The project site is outside the Cobb Mountain lupine and Sonoma counties. woodland, and Lower montane coniferous known range of elevation for this forest. Elevations: 275 to 1,525 meters. species. No. Lupinus tidestromii FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Monterey, Marin, and Coastal dunes. Elevations: 0 to 100 meters. April - June Suitable habitat for this species Tidestrom’s lupine Sonoma counties. does not occur within the project site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 6 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS No. Mertensia bella --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Siskiyou and Sonoma Meadows and seeps and upper montane May - July The project site is outside the Oregon lungwort counties. coniferous forest (mesic). Elevations: 1,500 to known range of elevation for this 2,000 meters. species. No. Micropus amphibolus --/--/3.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Chaparral, cismontane woodland, and Valley March - May The relatively deep, gravelly- Mount Diablo cottonweed Colusa, Lake, Monterey, Marin, Napa, and foothill grassland (rocky). Elevations: 45 to sandy loam soils on the project site Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, 825 meters. are not appropriate for this species. San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, Solano, and Sonoma counties. Yes. Microseris paludosa --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Mendocino, Monterey, Closed cone coniferous forest, cismontane April - June (July) The mixed oak woodland and marsh microseris Marin, San Benito, Santa Cruz, San woodland, coastal scrub, and Valley and foothill annual grassland habitats within the Francisco (may be extirpated), San Luis grassland. Elevations: 5 to 300 meters. project site are suitable for this Obispo, San Mateo (may be extirpated), species. and Sonoma counties. No. Monardella villosa ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Broadleaf upland forest (openings), chaparral, June - July (August) The project site is outside the globosa Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Santa cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, and Valley known range of elevation for this robust monardella Clara, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, and Sonoma and foothill grassland. Elevations: 100 to 915 species. counties. meters. Navarretia leucocephala ssp. --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Cismontane woodland, lower montane April - July Yes. The aquatic features, mixed bakeri Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Solano, Sonoma, coniferous forest, meadows and seeps, Valley oak woodland, and annual grassland Baker’s navarretia Sutter, Tehama, and Yolo counties. and foothill grassland, and vernal pools (mesic). habitat within the project site are Elevations: 5 to 1,740 meters. suitable habitats for this species. Yes. Navarretia leucocephala ssp. FE/CE/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake and Sonoma Vernal pools (volcanic ash flow). Elevations: May - June The aquatic features within the plieantha counties. 30 to 950 meters. project site are suitable habitat for many-flowered navarretia this species. No. Penstemon newberryi var. --/--/1B.3 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Rocky substrates in chaparral. Elevations: 700 April - August Suitable habitat for this species sonomensis Sonoma counties. to 1,370 meters. does not occur within the project Sonoma beardstongue site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. Yes. Perideridia gairdneri ssp. --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Contra Costa , Kern, Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, coastal June - October Suitable habitat for this gairdneri Los Angeles (may be extirpated), prairie, Valley and foothill grassland, species may occur in aquatic Gairdner’s perideridia Mendocino, Monterey, Marin, Napa, vernal pools/vernally mesic areas. Elevations: 0 habitats within the woodlands and Orange (may be extirpated), San Benito, to 365 meters. grasslands on the project site. Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Diego (may be extirpated), San Luis Obispo, San Mateo (may be extirpated)(unverified), Solano, and Sonoma counties. No. Plagiobothrys strictus FE/CT/1B.1 Known to occur in Napa County. Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill March - June Suitable habitat for this species Calistoga popcorn flower grassland, and in vernal pool habitat (alkaline does not occur within the project areas near thermal springs). Elevations: 90 to site. 160 meters.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 7 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS No. Pleuropogon hooverianus --/CT/1B.1 Known to occur in Mendocino, Marin, and Broadleaf upland forest, meadows and seeps, April - August Suitable habitat for this species North Coast semaphore grass Sonoma counties. and North Coast coniferous forest (open areas, does not occur within the project mesic). Elevations: 10 to 671 meters. site. No. Potamogeton filiformis --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Contra Costa, El Marshes and swamps (assorted shallow May - July The project site is outside the Slender-leaved pondweed Dorado, Lassen, Merced, Mono, Modoc, freshwater). Elevations: 300 to 2,150 meters. known range of elevation for this Mariposa, Placer, Santa Clara (may be species. extirpated), and Sierra counties. Also occurs in Arizona, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, and elsewhere. Yes. Ranunculus lobbii --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Cismontane woodland, North Coast coniferous February - May Suitable habitat for this Lobb’s aquatic buttercup Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Santa Cruz (may forest, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal species may occur in aquatic be extirpated)(unverified), San Mateo (may pools/mesic areas. Elevations: 15 to 470 habitats within the woodlands and be extirpated)(unverified), Solano, and meters. grasslands on the project site. This Sonoma counties, as well as Oregon species was observed within a wetland area of parcels surveyed prior to 2010. No. Rhynchospora alba --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Inyo, Mendocino, Bogs and fens, meadows and seeps, and marshes July - August Suitable habitat for this species white beaked-rush mariposa, Nevada, Plumas, Sonoma, and and swamps (freshwater). Elevations: 60 to does not occur within the project Trinity counties. 2,040 meters. site. No. Rhynchospora californica --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Butte, Marin, Napa, and Bogs and fens, lower montane coniferous forest, July - August Suitable habitat for this species California beaked-rush Sonoma counties. meadows and seeps (seeps), and marshes and does not occur within the project swamps (freshwater). Elevations: 45 to 2,000 site. meters. No. Rhynchospora capitellata --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Butte, El Dorado, Lower montane coniferous forest, meadows and July - August The project site is outside the brownish beaked-rush Mariposa, Nevada, Plumas, Sonoma, seeps, marshes and swamps, and upper montane known range of elevation for this Tehama, Trinity, and Yuba counties. coniferous forest (mesic). Elevations: 455 to species. 2,000 meters. No. Rhynchospora globularis var. --/--/2.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Marshes and swamps (freshwater). Elevations: July - August Suitable habitat for this species globularis 45 to 60 meters. does not occur within the project round-headed beaked-rush site. No. Sidalcea hickmanii ssp. FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Marshes and swamps (freshwater). Elevations: June - September Suitable habitat for this species valida 15 to 150 meters. does not occur within the project Kenwood Marsh site. checkerbloom No. Streptanthus brachiatus ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake and Sonoma Chaparral and cismontane woodland May - July The project site is outside the hoffmanii counties. (serpentinite). Elevations: 490 to 1,220 meters. known range of elevation for this Freed’s jewel-flower species. No. Streptanthus breweri var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Glenn, Lake, Napa, and Chaparral (openings) and cismontane woodland May - July The project site is outside the hesperidis Sonoma counties. (serpentinite, rocky). Elevations: 130 to 760 known range of elevation for this green jewel-flower meters. species.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 8 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Streptanthus morrisonii ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral (serpentinite). Elevations: 90 to 815 June - September No. Suitable habitat for this species elatus Sonoma counties. meters. does not occur within the project Three Peaks jewel-flower site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Streptanthus morrisonii ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Cismontane woodland (serpentinite). April - July The project site is outside the kruckebergii Sonoma counties. Elevations: 215 to 1,035 meters. known range of elevation for this Krukeberg’s jewel-flower species. No. Trifolium amoenum FE/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Alameda (may be Coastal bluff scrub and Valley and foothill April - June The project site is outside the two-fork clover extirpated), Marin, Napa (may be grassland (sometimes serpentinite). Elevations: historic geographical range of this extirpated), Santa Clara (may be 5 to 415 meters. species. extirpated), Solano (may be extirpated), and Sonoma (may be extirpated/unverified) counties. No. Trifolium depauperatum var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Colusa Marshes and swamps, Valley and foothill April - June There are no alkaline soils on hydrophilum (unverified), Monterey, Napa, San Benito, grassland (mesic, alkaline), and vernal pools. the project site. saline clover Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Luis Obispo, Elevations: 0 to 300 meters. San Mateo, Solano, and Sonoma counties. No. Triquetrella californica --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Contra Costa, Del Coastal bluff scrub and coastal scrub on soil Most of the year Suitable habitat for this species Coastal triquetrella moss Norte, Mendocino, Marin, San Diego, San substrates. Elevations: 10 to 100 meters. does not occur within the project Francisco, San Mateo, and Sonoma site. counties, as well as Oregon --/--/-- No. Usnea longissima Known to occur in most mesic woodlands Found in old-growth forest, conifer, riparian and N/A Suitable habitat for this species Long-beard lichen throughout northern California to Alaska. hardwood stands near coastal climates. does not occur within the project site. No. Viburnum ellipticum --/--/2.3 Known to occur in Contra Costa, El Chaparral, cismontane woodland, and lower May - June The project site is outside the oval-leaved viburnum Dorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, montane coniferous forest. Elevations: 215 to known range of elevation for this Mendocino, Napa, Placer, Shasta, and 1,400 meters. species. Sonoma counties. Also occurs in Oregon and Washington. Animals Invertebrates Adrena blennospermatis --/--/-- Known to occur within inner coast ranges Upland areas near vernal pools. February-May; No. Suitable habitat for this species Blennosperma vernal pool (Contra Costa, Lake, Sonoma, Yolo Consult Agency does not occur within the project andrenid bee Counties) as well as Tehama, Solano, San site. Joaquin, Sacramento, El Dorado and Placer counties. No. Haliotis cracherodii FE/--/-- Known from Cabo San Lucas, Baja Wedges into crevices, cracks, and holes of Year Round Suitable habitat for this species black abalone California Sur, Mexico, and north to intertidal rocks during low tide. Prefers areas of does not occur within the project Mendocino County. moderate to high surf. site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 9 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS No. Haliotes sorenseni FE/--/-- North America (West Coast from Point Marine. Open low and high relief rock or Year Round Suitable habitat for this species white abalone Conception, CA, U.S.A., to Punta boulder habitat that is interspersed with sand does not occur within the project Abreojos, Baja California, Mexico) channels. Most abundant between 25-30 meters site. depth. Linderiella occidentalis FSC/--/-- Vernal pools and seasonal wetlands. This species is entirely dependent on the aquatic December-June No. Suitable habitat for this species California linderiella environment provided by vernal pool wetland (Water present) does not occur within the project ecosystems. June-November site. (Water not present) No. Speyeria zerene behrensii FE/--/-- Known to occur at San Bruno Mountain Native annual grassland communities and May - July The larval food plant does not Behren’s silverspot butterfly and Sign Hill near South San Francisco in adjacent hills. Larval food plant is Johnny occur within the project site. San Mateo County, in the hills near jump-up (Viola pedunculata). (mating flight) Pleasanton in Alameda County, at Sears Wet Season Point in Sonoma County, and in the hill (larvae) between Vallejo and Cordelia in Solano County. No. Speyeria zerene myrtleae FE/--/-- Current distribution is limited. Known to Coastal dunes, coastal bluff scrub, non-native June - September The larval food plant does not Myrtle’s silverspot butterfly occur at the Estero de San Antonia in annual grassland, and coastal prairie habitats. occur within the project site. It is Marin County, south to Bodega Bay in Larval food plant is western dog violet (Viola (mating flight) outside of the known range of this Sonoma County. adunca). Adults also feed on gumplant Wet Season species. Grindelia ( species), yellow sand verbena (larvae) (Abronia latifolia), monardella (Monardella species), bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare), and seaside daisy (Erigeron glaucus). Prefers areas that are protected from onshore winds with ample winter rainfall and frequent fog. Elevations: 0-300 meters. Habitat must be within 3 miles of the coast. No. Syncaris pacifica FE/CE/-- Known only throughout Marin, Napa, and Small, low-gradient, perennial coastal streams. Consult Agency Suitable habitat for this species California freshwater shrimp Sonoma Counties. Prefers relatively shallow streams with depths of does not occur within the project 12-36 inches, exposed live roots of trees such as site. alder and willow, undercut banks greater than 6 inches, overhanging woody debris or stream vegetation and vines. Elevations: 0-116 meters. Fish

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 10 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS No. Acipenser medirostris FT/--/-- Adults occur in coastal waters from Utilizes both freshwater and saltwater habitats. Consult Agency Suitable habitat for this species green sturgeon Mexico to Alaska and have been observed Spawning occurs in deep pools or holes in large, does not occur within the project along the west coast of North America. turbulent, freshwater river mainstems. Eggs are site. Spawning occurs within the Rogue and cast over large cobble, clean sand, or bedrock Illinois Rivers in Oregon, the Klamath substrates. Cold, clean water is required for River Basin, the Sacramento River, the development. Adults live in oceanic waters, Feather River, the Pit River, and the bays, and estuaries. McCloud River. Spawning is suspected within the Trinity River, South Fork Trinity, and the Eel River. Eucyclogobius newberryi FE/CSC/-- Occurs in coastal lagoons throughout Generally found in brackish to freshwater Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species tidewater goby California from Del Norte County to San shallow lagoons and slow moving lower stream does not occur within the project Diego County. reaches. Habitat is fairly still, but not stagnant site. and they will avoid open areas with strong currents and/or wave action. Marshy habitats where they can avoid backwater flood flows. Hysterocarpus traski pomo --/CSC/-- Found throughout the mainstem Russian Occur in a wide variety of lowland habitats: Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species Russin River tule perch River and the lower reaches of its major lakes, estuarine sloughs, clear streams and does not occur within the project tributaries (Mendocino County). rivers. Typically found with beds of emergent site. aquatic plants, deep pools, and banks with complex cover (overhanging bushes, fallen trees, and undercutting. Can be found in riprap. Require cool, well-oxygenated water. Feed on small invertebrates and zooplankton. Lavinia symmetricus --/CSC/-- Found in the Navarro River (Mendocino Occur in a wide variety of stream, river, and Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species navarroensis County). intermittent stream habitats. Appear to be does not occur within the project Navarro roach excluded from waters with piscivorous fishes. site. Mylopharodon conocephalus --/CSC/-- Range is restricted to California, and Requires deep, rocky and sandy pools of small Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species Hardhead includes the Sacramento -San Joaquin and to large rivers. does not occur within the project Russian River drainages. site. Oncorhynchus kisutch FE/CE/-- Central California Coast ESU spawns in Occurs in streams with pool and riffle Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species coho salmon short coastal drainages and lower sections complexes. Breeding requires cold water and does not occur within the project Central California Coast of larger drainages from Punta Gorda in gravelly streambeds. site. ESU northern California south to the San Lorenzo River in central California, and includes tributaries to the San Francisco Bay.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 11 Biological Assessment

FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus FT/--/-- Central California Coastal ESU, spawns in Found in cool, clear, fast-flowing permanent Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species steelhead drainages from the Russian River basin, streams and rivers with riffles and ample cover does not occur within the project Central California Coast Sonoma and Mendocino Counties, to from riparian vegetation or overhanging banks. site. ESU Soquel Creek, Santa Cruz County Spawning: streams with pool and riffle (including the San Francisco Bay basin, complexes. For successful breeding, require but not the Sacramento and San Joaquin cold water and gravelly streambed. Rivers or their tributaries). Oncorhynchus mykiss FT/--/-- Spawn in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Found in cool, clear, fast-flowing permanent Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species steelhead rivers and tributaries before migrating to streams and rivers with riffles and ample cover does not occur within the project Central Valley ESU the Delta and Bay Area. from riparian vegetation or overhanging banks. site. Spawning: streams with pool and riffle complexes. For successful breeding, require cold water and gravelly streambed. Oncorhynchus mykiss FT/--/-- Found in all trout streams from Humboldt Found in cool, clear, fast-flowing permanent Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species steelhead County to Sonoma County. streams and rivers with riffles and ample cover does not occur within the project Northern California from riparian vegetation or overhanging banks. site. Oncorhynchus tshawytscha FT/--/-- California Coastal ESU spawns in coastal Spawning: streams with pool and riffle Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species chinook salmon drainages from Redwood Creek in complexes. For successful breeding, require does not occur within the project California coastal ESU Humboldt County to the Russian River in cold water and gravelly streambed. site. Sonoma and Mendocino Counties (includes only naturally spawned fall and spring Chinook salmon) Oncorhynchus tshawytscha FT/CT/-- Spawn in the Sacramento river and some Spawning occurs in large deep pools in Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species chinook salmon of its tributaries. Juveniles migrate from tributaries with moderate velocities and a large does not occur within the project Central Valley spring-run spawning grounds to the Pacific Ocean. bubble curtain at the head. site.

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha FE/CE/-- Spawn in the upper Sacramento River. Returns to the Upper Sacramento River in the Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species chinook salmon Juveniles migrate from spawning grounds winter but delay spawning until spring and does not occur within the project Sacramento River winter-run to the Pacific Ocean. summer. Juveniles spend 5-9 months in the site. river and estuary before entering the ocean. Amphibians Ambystoma californiense FT/CSC/-- Occurs in Alameda, Butte, Contra Costa, Occurs in vernal pools, ephemeral wetlands, and November - February No. Suitable habitat for this species California tiger salamander Fresno, Glenn, Kern, Madera, Merced, seasonal ponds, including constructed (adults) does not occur within the project Central population Monterey, Sacramento, San Benito, San stockponds, in grassland and oak savannahh March 15-May15 site; furthermore, the project site is Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, plant communities: Elevation 3-1054 meters. outside of the known range of this (larvae) Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Solano, species. Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tulare, and Yolo counties.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 12 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Ambystoma californiense FE/--/-- Restricted to four small islands of habitat Low elevation vernal pools or seasonal ponds November - February No. The project site is outside of California tiger salamander on the fringe of the Santa Rosa Plain in for breeding, surrounded by upland habitat (adults) the known range of this species. Sonoma County population west Santa Rosa, South Santa Rosa, west (Valley oak woodland and grassland) containing March 15-May15 Cotati, and in the upper Petaluma rodent burrows or other suitable dry season (larvae) watershed in south Cotati. refugia for estivation during the dry months. Rana boylii --/CSC/-- Known to occur in the coast Ranges from Occurs in shallow flowing streams with some March - June No. Suitable habitat for this species foothill yellow-legged frog the Oregon border south to the Transverse cobble in a variety of habitats including does not occur within the project Mountains in Los Angeles County, woodlands, riparian forest, coastal scrub, site. throughout most of northern California chaparral, and wet meadows. Rarely west of the Cascade crest, and along the encountered far from permanent water sources. western portion of the Sierra south to Kern Elevations: 0-1830 meters. County, with a few isolated populations in the Central Valley. Rana aurora draytonii FT/CSC/-- Known to occur along the Coast from Occurs in permanent and temporary pools of November - June No. Suitable habitat for this species California red-legged frog Mendocino County to Baja California, and streams, marshes, and ponds with dense grassy does not occur within the project site inland through the northern Sacramento and/or shrubby vegetation. Elevations: 0-1160 and the nearest documented Valley into the foothills of the Sierra m. occurrence of this species is greater Nevada mountains, south to eastern Tulare than 5 miles from the project site. County, and possibly eastern Kern County. Currently accepted range excludes the Central Valley. Reptiles Actinemys marmorata --/CSC/-- In California, primarily north of the San Ponds, marshes, rivers, streams, and irrigation March - October Yes. The perennial drainage and marmorata Francisco Bay Area and west of the Sierra ditches with aquatic vegetation. Requires possibly the stock ponds on the northwestern pond turtle Nevada Range. basking sites and suitable upland habitat for egg project site provide suitable habitat laying. Nest sites most often characterized as for this species. having gentle slopes (<15%) with little vegetation or sandy banks. Elevations range from 0 to approximately 1,525 meters. Caretta caretta FT/--/-- Circumglobal species. Occurs throughout Nests on ocean beaches. Prefers high-energy, Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species loggerhead turtle the temperate and tropical regions of the narrow, and steeply sloped coarse-grained does not occur within the project Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. In beaches. Juveniles develop within the oceanic site. the eastern Pacific range extends north to zone until 7-12 years of age, then migrate to Alaska and South to Chile. Occasional nearshore coastal areas within the neritic zone. sightings occur along the coast of Oregon and Washington. Most juvenile sightings are reported along the California coast. The west coast of Mexico and the Baja Peninsula are critical juvenile habitats.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 13 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Chelonia mydas FT/--/-- Globally distributed and generally found in Nests on oceanic beaches, feeds in benthic Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species green turtle tropical and subtropical waters along grounds in coastal areas, and frequents does not occur within the project continental coasts and islands between 30 convergence zones in the open ocean. site. North and 30 South. In the eastern North Pacific, occurs from Baja California to southern Alaska. Dermochelys coriacea FE/--/-- Nesting grounds occur globally. Sightings Mainly a pelagic species, but will also forage in Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species leatherback turtle have occurred along the entire continental coastal waters. Tolerant of colder water does not occur within the project coast of the United States. temperatures. Mating occurs in waters adjacent site. to nesting beaches and along migratory corridors. Lepidochelys olivaceae FT/--/-- Globally distributed in the tropical regions Mainly a pelagic turtle, but has been known to Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species olive ridley sea turtle of the South Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian inhabit coastal areas, including bays and does not occur within the project Oceans. In the Eastern Pacific, they occur estuaries. Migrate annually from pelagic areas site. from Southern California to Northern Chile to coastal breeding and nesting grounds. Birds Ardea herodias --/--/-- Range extends from Alaska through Shallow estuaries, ponds, roadside ditches, fresh Year round Yes. The perennial and ephemeral great blue heron Canada and into northern South America. and saline emergent wetlands and other wetland drainages on the project site provide In California, occurs in northern, central areas. Less common along riverine and rocky suitable foraging habitat for this and southern counties across the state. marine shores, in croplands, pastures, and in species. mountains above foothills. Athene cunicularia --/CSC/-- Formerly common within the described Yearlong resident of open, dry grassland and Year Round No. The nearest documented burrowing owl habitats throughout the state except the desert habitats, as well as in grass, forb and open occurrence of this species is greater northwest coastal forests and high shrub stages of pinyon-juniper and ponderosa than 5 miles from the project site. mountains. pine habitats. Brachyramphus marmoratus FT/CE/-- Occurs year-round in marine subtidal and Partial to coastlines with stands of mature Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species marbled murrelet pelagic habitats from the Oregon border to redwood and Douglas fir: uses these trees for does not occur within the project Point Sal, Santa Barbara Co. Breeding nesting and probably roosting. site. individuals in California largely In summer, forages close to shore (within 500 concentrated on coastal waters off Del m) in shallow water, usually less than 30 m Norte and Humboldt cos. (about 75% of deep. In nonbreeding season, often forages the population), and in lesser numbers off farther from shore. San Mateo and Santa Cruz cos. (about 14%).

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 14 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Charadrius alexandrinus FT/CSC/-- Occurs along the California coast and Most breeding occurs on dune-backed beaches, Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species nivosus inland near the Salton Sea, Mono Lake, barrier beaches, and salt-evaporation ponds: does not occur within the project western snowy plover and alkali lakes. Can inhabit inland salt ponds and lakes. Require site. sandy, gravely, or friable soil substrates for nesting. Winter habitat is primarily coastal: beaches, tidal flats, lagoon margins, and salt- evaporation ponds. Inland some birds regularly winter at agricultural waste-water ponds in San Joaquin Valley, CA, and at desert saline lakes (particularly Salton Sea) in s. California Diomedea albatrus FE/--/-- Infrequent visitor along the coast of Requires remote islands for breeding habitat. Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species short-tailed albatross California. Only breeds on two remote Nests in open treeless areas, with low or no does not occur within the project islands of Japan, in the western Pacific. vegetation. Requires nutrient-rich areas of site. ocean upwelling for foraging habitat. Elanus leucurus --/CFP/-- Permanent resident of coastal and valley Habitats include savannahh, open woodland, Year round Yes. The grassland and pasture white-tailed kite lowlands. marshes, partially cleared lands and cultivated habitats within the project site are fields, mostly in lowland situations. Nesting suitable nesting and/or foraging occurs in trees. habitat for this species. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately 2.5 miles west of the project site. Pelecanus occidentalis FE/CE/-- Estuarine, marine subtidal, and marine Nests on coastal islands of small to moderate Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species californicus pelagic waters along the California coast. size, which afford immunity from, attack by does not occur within the project California brown pelican ground dwelling predators. Usually rests on site. water or inaccessible rocks (either offshore or on mainland), but also uses mudflats, sandy beaches, wharfs, and jetties Pandion haliaetus --/CSC/-- Breeds from Cascade Ranges south to Associated strictly with large, fish-bearing All Year No. Suitable habitat for this species osprey Lake Tahoe, and along the North Coast waters, primarily in ponderosa pine through does not occur within the project Ranges south to Marin County. Regular mixed conifer habitats. Uses large trees, snags, site. breeding sites include Shasta Lake, Eagle and dead-topped trees in open forest habitats for Lake, Lake Almanor, other inland lakes cover and nesting. Requires open, clear waters and reservoirs, and northwest river for foraging such as rivers, lakes, reservoirs, systems. bays, estuaries, and surf zones.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 15 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Rallus longirostris obsoletus FE/CE/-- Locally common yearlong in coastal In saline emergent wetlands, nests mostly in Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species California clapper rail wetlands and brackish areas around San lower zones, where cordgrass does not occur within the project Francisco Bay. is abundant and tidal sloughs are nearby. Builds site. a platform concealed by a canopy of woven cordgrass stems or pickleweed and gumweed. Also uses dead drift vegetation as platform. In fresh or brackish water, builds nest in dense cattail or bulrush. Forages in higher marsh vegetation, along vegetation and mudflat interface, and along tidal creeks Strix occidentalis caurina FT/--/-- Geographic range extends from British Resides in mixed conifer, redwood, and Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species northern spotted owl Colombia to northwestern California south Douglas-fir habitats, from sea level up to does not occur within the project to San Francisco. The breeding range approximately 2300 meters. Appear to prefer site. includes the Cascade Range, North Coast old-growth forests, but use of managed Ranges, and the Sierra Nevada. Some (previously logged) lands is not uncommon. breeding populations also occur in the Owls do not appear to use logged habitat until Transverse Ranges and Peninsular Ranges. approximately 60 years after logging unless some larger trees or snags remain after logging. Nesting habitat is a tree or snag cavity, or the broken top of a large tree. Requires a nearby, permanent source of water. Foraging habitat consists of any forest habitat with sufficient prey (e.g. flying squirrels, mice, and voles). Mammals Antrozous pallidus --/CSC/-- Locally common species at low elevations. Habitats occupied include grasslands, Year Round Yes. The mixed oak woodland and pallid bat It occurs throughout California except for shrublands, woodlands, and forests from sea wetland habitats within the project the high Sierra Nevada from Shasta to level up through mixed conifer forests, generally site provide suitable foraging habitat Kern cos., and the northwestern corner of below 2,000 meters. The species is most for this species. The nearest the state from Del Norte and western common in open, dry habitats with rocky areas documented occurrence of this Siskiyou cos. to northern Mendocino Co. for roosting. Roosts also include cliffs, species is located approximately 5 abandoned buildings, bird boxes, and under miles southwest of the project site. bridges. Arborimus pomo --/CSC/-- Occurs north of San Francisco Bay in Occurs along the coast and inland within mixed Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species Sonoma tree vole Marin County to the Klamath Mountains. evergreen, Douglas-fir, and coastal forests along does not occur within the project the fog belt. site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 16 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Arctocephalus townsendi FT/--/-- Only known breeding colony is located on Tend to stay near shore and breed in caves and Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species Guadalupe fur seal Guadalupe Island, off the Mexican coast. rocky sites on Guadalupe Island rather than on does not occur within the project Increasing numbers have been observed on open beaches. Foraging individuals have been site. the Channel Islands and along the central sited as far south as Tapachula near the Mexico / coast of California. Guatemala border, as far north as the Point Reyes National Seashore in California, and in the Gulf of California. Balaenoptera borealis FE/--/-- Inhabits all oceans and adjoining seas Open ocean. Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species sei whale except in polar regions, feeding in cold does not occur within the project water during the summer and migrating to site. warm tropical and subtropical waters during the winter. In the western North Pacific, sei whales are common in the southwest Bering Sea to the Gulf of Alaska, and offshore in a broad arc between about 40 North and 55 North across the Pacific.

Balaenoptera musculus FE/--/-- Occurs in all oceans, primarily along the Open ocean. Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species blue whale edge of the continental shelf or along ice does not occur within the project fronts. Major populations are found in the site. North Pacific, North Atlantic and southern hemisphere. Balaenoptera physalus FE/--/-- Distributed worldwide, with three major Open ocean. Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species finback whale distinct populations: the North Atlantic, does not occur within the project North Pacific, and southern oceans. site. Corynorhinus townsendii --/CSC/-- Occurs throughout California, excluding Requires caves, mines, tunnels, buildings, or Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species Townsend’s big-eared bat subalpine and alpine habitats. Its range other human-made structures for roosting. does not occur within the project extends through Mexico to British Hibernation sites must be cool and cold, but site. In addition, the nearest Columbia and the Rocky Mountain states. above freezing. documented occurrence of this Also occurs in several regions of the species is greater than 5 miles from central Appalachians. the project site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 17 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Eubalaena glacialis FE/--/-- Infrequent sightings along the eastern Open ocean. Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species right whale North Pacific, with the majority of these does not occur within the project occurring in the Bering Sea and adjacent site. areas of the Aleutian Islands. Sightings have been reported as far south as central Baja California in the eastern North Pacific, as far south as Hawaii in the central North Pacific, and as far north as the sub-Arctic waters of the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk in the summer. Eumetopias jubatus FT/--/-- Found throughout the North Pacific Rim Tend to remain off shore or haul out in Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species Stellar sea-lion from Japan to central California. Breeding unpopulated areas. Rookeries and haul out sites does not occur within the project occurs along the North Pacific Rim from are typically located on rocky shoreline and site. Ano Nuevo Island in central California to wave-cut platforms, occasionally on gravel the Kuril Islands North of Japan, with the shore. Rookeries are almost exclusively located greatest concentration of rookeries in the on offshore islands and reefs. Can be seen near Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian Islands. shore and out to the edge of the continental shelf and beyond. Megaptera novaeangliae FE/--/-- Distributed worldwide in all ocean basins, Open ocean. Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species humpback whale though in the North Pacific it does not does not occur within the project occur in Arctic waters. In winter, most site. humpback whales occur in the subtropical and tropical waters of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Physeter catodon FE/--/-- Occurs in all oceans worldwide. Open ocean. Consult Agency No. Suitable habitat for this species sperm whale Frequently found close to the edge of pack does not occur within the project ice in both hemispheres and common along site. the equator, especially in the Pacific. Found year-round in California waters with peak abundance from April to June and August through November.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 18 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Reithrodontomys raviventris FE/CE/-- Only found in the saline emergent Critically dependent on dense cover and their Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species salt marsh harvest mouse wetlands of San Francisco Bay and its preferred habitat is pickleweed (Salicornia does not occur within the project tributaries. virginica). Seldom found in cordgrass or alkali site. bulrush. In marshes with an upper zone of peripheral halophytes (salt-tolerant plants), mice use this vegetation to escape the higher tides, and may even spend a considerable portion of their lives there. Mice also move into the adjoining grasslands during the highest winter tides.

Taxidea taxus --/CSC/-- Found throughout most of California in Suitable habitat occurs in the drier open stages Year Round Yes. The open grassland and American badger suitable habitat. of most shrub, forest, and herbaceous habitats pasture habitats in the north end of with friable soils. Badgers are generally the project site provide marginally associated with treeless regions, prairies, suitable habitat for this species. parklands, and cold desert areas. Cultivated lands have been reported to provide little usable habitat for this species. Critical Habitat Brachyramphus marmoratus Final designation The 1996 final rule included 693,200 acres Old-growth coniferous forest. N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not marbled murrelet (1996); in California. The 2008 proposed revision exist within the project site, and is Critical Habitat proposed revised includes the exclusion of 143,487 acres mapped approximately 11 miles (2008) from federal lands. west of the project site. This habitat type is tracked by the USFWS for the quadrangles queried. Delphinium bakeri Final designation Approximately 1,828 acres in two units in Requires soils of decomposed shale in mesic N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not Baker’s larkspur (2003) Marin and Sonoma counties were areas. exist within the project site, and is Critical Habitat designated. mapped approximately 14 miles southwest of the project site. This habitat type is tracked by the USFWS for the quadrangles queried. Delphinium lutem Final designation Approximately 2,525 acres in four units in Requires sandstone or shale soils in coastal sage N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not Yellow larkspur (2003) Marin and Sonoma counties were scrub habitats, disturbed hillsides and other exist within the project site. This Critical Habitat designated. areas. habitat type is tracked by the USFWS for the quadrangles queried.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 19 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Eucyclogobius newberryi Final designation The 2008 final re-designation classifies Approximately 100 acres are designated within N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not tidewater goby (2008) 10,003 acres as critical habiat in Del Norte, Sonoma County, encompassing estuarine habitat exist within the project site. This Critical Habitat Humboldt, Mendocino, Sonoma, Marin, at the mouth of the Russian River. habitat type is tracked by the San Mateo, Santa Cruz, Monterrey, San USFWS for the quadrangles Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Ventura and queried. Los Angeles counties. Oncorynchus kisutch Final designation The ESU includes all naturally Estuarine and freshwater habitat within the N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not Coho salmon (2000) spawned populations from Punta Gorda in range required for spawning and rearing. exist within the project site. This Central California Coast northern California south to and including habitat type is tracked by the Critical Habitat the San Lorenzo River in central USFWS for the quadrangles California, as well as populations in queried. tributaries to San Francisco Bay, excluding the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system, as well four artificial propagation programs. Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus Final designation The DPS includes all naturally spawned Estuarine and freshwater habitat within the N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not steelhead (2005) anadromous populations below natural and range required for spawning and rearing. exist within the project site, but is Central California Coast manmade impassable barriers in California mapped approximately 1.5 miles to Critical Habitat streams from the Russian River (inclusive) the east of the project site in to Aptos Creek (inclusive), and the Windsor Creek. This habitat type is drainages of San Francisco, San Pablo, and tracked by the USFWS for the Suisun Bays eastward to Chipps Island at quadrangles queried. the confluence of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers. Tributary streams to Suisun Marsh including Suisun Creek, Green Valley Creek, and an unnamed tributary to Cordelia Slough (commonly referred to as Red Top Creek), excluding the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, as well as two artificial propagation programs: the Don Clausen Fish Hatchery, and Kingfisher Flat Hatchery/ Scott Creek (Monterey Bay Salmon and Trout Project) steelhead hatchery programs.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 20 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus Final designation The DPS includes all naturally spawned Estuarine and freshwater habitat within the N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not steelhead (2005) anadromous O. mykiss (steelhead) range required for spawning and rearing. exist within the project site. This Northern California populations below natural and manmade habitat type is tracked by the Critical Habitat impassable barriers in California coastal USFWS for the quadrangles river basins from Redwood Creek queried. southward to, but not including, the Russian River, as well as two artificial propagation programs: the Yager Creek Hatchery, and North Fork Gualala River Hatchery (Gualala River Steelhead Project) steelhead hatchery programs. Oncorynchus tshawytscha Final designation The ESU includes all naturally spawned Estuarine and freshwater habitat within the N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not California coastal Chinook (2005) populations of Chinook salmon from rivers range required for spawning and rearing. exist within the project site, but is salmon and streams south of the Klamath River to mapped approximately 1.5 miles to Critical Habitat the Russian River, California, as well as the west in the Russian River. This seven artificial propagation programs: the habitat type is tracked by the Humboldt Fish Action Council USFWS for the quadrangles (Freshwater Creek), Yager Creek, queried. Redwood Creek, Hollow Tree, Van Arsdale Fish Station, Mattole Salmon Group, and Mad River Hatchery fall-run Chinook hatchery programs. Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Final designation The ESU includes all naturally spawned Estuarine and freshwater habitat within the N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not chinook salmon (2005) populations of winter-run Chinook salmon range required for spawning and rearing. exist within the project site. This Sacramento River winter-run in the Sacramento River and its tributaries habitat type is tracked by the Critical Habitat in California, as well as two artificial USFWS for the quadrangles propagation programs: winter-run Chinook queried. from the Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery (NFH), and winter run Chinook in a captive broodstock program maintained at Livingston Stone NFH and the University of California Bodega Marine Laboratory. Rana aurora draytonii Final designation Approximately 1,636,609 ac (662,312 ha) Consists of aquatic breeding, aquatic non- N/A No. This Critical Habitat does not California red-legged frog (2010) were designated for the California red- breeding, upland and dispersal habitats. exist within the project site. This Critical Habitat legged frog in 48 units as final revised habitat type is tracked by the critical habitat. USFWS for the quadrangles queried. Other Habitats

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 21 Biological Assessment FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool CNDDB tracked "Red Dirt Hogwallow Lands" primarily on A low, amphibious, herbaceous community N/A No. This habitat type does not exist old alluvial terraces on the east side of the dominated by annual herbs and grasses. within the project site. This habitat Great Valley from Tulare or Fresno Germination and growth begin with winter rains, type is tracked by the CNDDB for County north to Shasta County. often continuing even when inundated. Rising the quadrangles queried. spring temperatures evaporate the pools, leaving concentric bands of vegetation that colorfully encircle the drying pool. Old, very acidic, Fe-Si cemented hardpan soils (Redding, San Joaquin, and similar series). The microrelief on these soils typically is hummocky, with mounds intervening between localized depressions. Winter rainfall perches on the hardpan, forming pools in the depressions. Evaporation (not runoff) empties the pools in spring . STATUS CODES

FEDERAL: United States Fish and Wildlife Service FE Federally Endangered FT Federally Threatened

STATE: California Department of Fish and Game CE California Listed Endangered CT California Listed Threatened CR California Listed Rare CSC California Species of Special Concern CFP California Fully Protected

CNPS: California Native Plant Society List 1A Plants Presumed Extinct in California List 1B Plants Rare, Threatened, or Endangered in California and Elsewhere List 2 Plants Rare, Threatened, or Endangered in California (But More Common Elsewhere). List 3 Plants About Which More Information is Needed List 4 Plants of limited distribution Threat Ranks 0.1-Seriously threatened in California (high degree/immediacy of threat) 0.2-Fairly threatened in California (moderate degree/immediacy of threat) 0.3-Not very threatened in California (low degree/immediacy of threats or no current threats known) Months for plant identification in parenthesis are uncommon. SOURCES: CDFG, 2003; CNPS 2009; Davis et al., 1998; Holland 1986; Moyle, 2002; Nafis, 2010; NOAA, 2010; USFWS, 2009

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 22 Biological Assessment ATTACHMENT C

WILDLIFE SPECIES OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE WILDLIFE OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

April 5, 30, May 30, July 31, August 1, 2007 March 3-5, 26, 27, April 18, May 23, 27, October 16, 17, December 3, 2008 March 11, 24, April 20, May 14, and June 29, 2009 April 9, May 10, June 8, 14, and July 8, 2010

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp.

Scientific and Family Name Common Name INVERTEBRATES PAPILIONIDAE Battus philenor pipevine swallowtail

AMPHIBIANS RANIDAE Rana catesbiana bullfrog HYLIDAE Pseudacris regilla Pacific chorus frog

REPTILES COLUBRIDAE Diadophis punctatus ring-necked snake Pituophis catenifer gopher snake PHRYNOSOMATIDAE Sceloporus occidentalis western fence lizard

BIRDS ACCIPITRIDAE Accipiter cooperi Cooper’s hawk Buteo jamaicensis red-tailed hawk Buteo lineatus red-shouldered hawk AEGITHALIDAE Psaltriparus minimus bushtit ANATIDAE Anas platyrhynchos Mallard BOMBYCILLIDAE Bombycilla cedorum Cedar waxwing CATHARTIDAE Cathartes aura turkey vulture CORVIDAE Aphelocoma californica western scrub-jay Corvus brachrhynchos American crow Corvus corax common raven COLUMBIDAE Zenaida macroura mourning dove EMBERIZIDAE Junco hyemalis dark-eyed junco Pipilo crissalis California Towhee Pipilo maculates Spotted Towhee

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 1 Biological Assessment WILDLIFE OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Zonotrichia atricapilla Golden-crowned Sparrow FRINGILLIDAE Carduelis tristis American goldfinch Carduelis psaltria lesser goldfinch Carpodacus mexicanus House finch HIRUNDINIDAE Hirundo rustica Barn swallow Tachycineta bicolor Tree swallow Tachycineta thalassina violet-green swallow ICTERIDAE Euphagus cyanocephalus Brewer’s blackbird Icterus bullockii Bullock’s oriole Molothrus ater Brown-headed cowbird MIMIDAE Mimus polyglottos northern mockingbird ONDONTOPHORIDAE Callipepla californica California quail PARIDAE Baeolophus inornatus Oak Titmouse Poecile gambeli mountain chickadee PARULIDAE Dendroica coronata yellow-rumped warbler Vermivora celata Orange-crowned warbler PASSERIDAE Passer domesticus house sparrow * PHASIANIDAE Meleagris gallopavo wild turkey PICIDAE Colaptes auratus Northern flicker Melanerpes formicivorus Acorn woodpecker Picoides nuttallii Nuttall’s woodpecker SITTIDAE Sitta carolinensis White-breasted Nuthatch STRIGIDAE Bubo virginianus great-horned owl STURNIDAE Sturnus vulgaris European starling * TROCHILIDAE Calypte anna Anna’s hummingbird

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 2 Biological Assessment WILDLIFE OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name TURDIDAE Sialia mexicana western bluebird TYRANNIDAE Contopus sordidulus Western wood-pewee Empidonax difficiis Pacific-slope flycatcher Myiarchus cinerascens Ash-throated Flycatcher Sayornis nigricans Black phoebe Tyrannus verticalis Western kingbird VIREONIDAE Vireo cassini Cassin’s vireo Vireo gilvus Warbling vireo

MAMMALS CERVIDAE Odocoileus hemionus black-tailed deer FELIDAE Felis silvestris Feral cat GEOMYIDAE Thomomys bottae Botta’s pocket gopher

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 3 Biological Assessment ATTACHMENT D PLANT SPECIES OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp.

Scientific and Family Name Common Name ACERACEAE MAPLE FAMILY Acer rubrum Red Maple

ALISMATACEAE WATER PLANTAIN FAMILY Alisma plantago-aquatica Water plantain

AMARANTHACEAE AMARANTH FAMILY Amaranthus albus Common pigweed

ANACARDIACEAE SUMAC FAMILY Toxicodendron diversilobum Poison oak

APIACEAE CARROT FAMILY Anthriscus caucalis* Bur chervil Conium maculatum* Poison hemlock Eryngium aristulatum Eryngium Foeniculum vulgare* Fennel Lomatium caruifolium Lomatium Osmorhiza chilensis Mountain sweetcicely Perideridia sp. Yampah Sanicula bipinnatifida Purple sanicle Sanicula crassicaulis Sanicle Saniculula laciniata Coast sanicle Scandix pectin-veneris* Venus’ needles Torilis arvensis* Torilis (hedge parsley)

APOCYNACEAE DOGBANE FAMILY Vinca major* Periwinkle

ARALIACEAE GINSENG FAMILY Hedera helix* English Ivy

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE PIPEVINE FAMILY Aristolochia californica Pipevine

ASTERACEAE SUNFLOWER FAMILY Achillea millefolium Yarrow Agoseris grandiflora Agoseris Anthemis cotula* Mayweed Artemisia douglasiana California mugwort Aster chilensis Chile aster Baccharis pilularis Coyote bush Carduus pycnocephalus* Italian thistle Centaurea solstitialis* Yellow star-thistle Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 1 Biological Assessment PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Chamomilla suaveolens* Pineapple weed Cichorium intybus* Chicory Cirsium vulgare* Bull thistle Conyza canadensis Canadian horseweed Cotula coronopifolia Common brassbuttons Delairea odorata* Cape-ivy Eriophyllum lanatum var. arachnoideum Woolly sunflower Gnaphalium luteo-album* Weedy cudweed Gnaphalium palustre Marsh cudweed Gnaphalium purpureum Purple cudweed Hemizonia fitchii Fitch’s spikeweed Hypochaeris glabra* Smooth cat’s-ear Hypochaeris radicata* Perennial cat's-ear Lactuca serriola* Prickly lettuce Lasthenia glaberrima Smooth goldfields Leontodon taraxacoides* Hawkbit Logfia gallica* Filago Madia sp. Tarweed Picris echioides* Bristly oxtongue Senecio vulgaris* Common groundsel Silybum marianum* Milk thistle Soliva sessilis* Field burrweed Sonchus asper* Prickly sowthistle Sonchus oleraceus* Common sowthistle Tanacetum parthenium* Feverfew Taraxacum officinale* Common dandelion Tolpis barbata* European milkwort Tragopogon sp.* Goat’s beard Wyethia glabra Mules ears

BIGNONIACEAE TRUMPET CREEPER FAMILY Chilopsis linearis Desert willow X Chitalpa (Catalpa bignonioides x Chilopsis linearis) tashkentensis Chitalpa

BORAGINACEAE BORAGE FAMILY Cynoglossum grande Hound’s tongue Myosotis micrantha* Small flowered forget me not Plagiobothrys bracteatus Bracted popcorn flower Plagiobothrys stipitatus Popcorn flower

BRASSICACEAE MUSTARD FAMILY Barbarea vulgaris* Common winter cress Brassica nigra* Black mustard Brassica rapa* Field mustard

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 2 Biological Assessment PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Capsella bursa-pastoris* Shepard’s purse Cardamine californica var. integrifolia Milk maids Coronopus didymus* Swine cress Hirschfeldia incana* Shortpod mustard Lepidium nitidum Peppergrass Raphanus raphanistrum* Yellow wild radish Raphanus sativus* Purple wild radish Rorippa curvisiliqua Yellow cress Sinapis arvensis* Charlock

CALLITRICHACEAE WATER STARWORT FAMILY Callitriche sp. Callitriche

CAMPANULACEAE BELLFLOWER FAMILY Downingia concolor var. concolor Spotted throat downingia Heterocodon rariflorum Heterocodon

CAPRIFOLIACEAE HONEYSUC LE FAMILY Lonicera hispidula Honeysuckle Sambucus mexicana Blue elderberry Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus Snowberry

CARYOPHYLLACEAE PIN FAMILY Cerastium glomeratum* Mouse-ear chickweed Silene gallica* Common catchfly Spergularia rubra* Red sand spurry Stellaria media* Common chickweed

CONVOLVULACEAE MORNING GLORY FAMILY Convolvulus arvensis* Morning glory

CRASSULACEAE STONECROP FAMILY Crassula connata Pygmy weed Crassula tillaea* Mediterranean pygmy weed

CUCURBITACEAE GOURD FAMILY Marah fabaceus California man-root

CYPERACEAE SEDGE FAMILY Carex densa Dense sedge Carex feta Green sheath sedge Carex praegracilis Field sedge Cyperus eragrostis Tall flatsedge Cyperus sp. Nutsedge Eleocharis acicularis Inch-high spikerush Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 3 Biological Assessment PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Eleocharis macrostachya Creeping spikerush

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE BRAC EN FAMILY Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Bracken fern

ERICACEAE HEATH FAMILY Arbutus menziesii Pacific madrone Arctostaphylos manzanita Common manzanita Arctostaphylos patula Green-leaf manzanita

EUPHORBIACEAE SPURGE FAMILY Eremocarpus setigerus Dove weed Euphorbia sp. Spurge

FABACEAE LEGUME FAMILY Acacia sp.* Acacia Genista monspessulana* French broom Lathyrus jepsonii var. californicus California tule pea Lathyrus sp. Wild pea Lotus formosissimus (CNPS List 4.2) Coast/harlequin lotus Lotus humistratus Hill lotus Lotus purshianus Spanish clover Lupinus bicolor Bicolored lupine Lupinus nanus Sky lupine Medicago polymorpha* Bur clover Rubinia pseudoacacia Black locust Trifolium depauperatum Dwarf sack clover Trifolium dubium* Shamrock clover Trifolium fragiferum* Strawberry clover Trifolium hirtum* Rose clover Trifolium subterraneum* Subterranean clover Trifolium variegatum White-tipped clover Vicia sativa* Common vetch Vicia villosa* Winter vetch

FAGACEAE OA FAMILY Quercus agrifolia Coast live oak Quercus douglasii Blue oak Quercus kelloggii Black oak Quercus lobata Valley oak

GERANIACEAE GERANIUM FAMILY Erodium botrys* Filaree Erodium cicutarium* Redstem filaree Erodium moschatum* White-stem filaree Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 4 Biological Assessment PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium Geranium dissectum* Cut-leaved geranium Geranium molle* Dove-foot geranium

HIPPOCASTANACEAE BUC EYE FAMILY Aesculus californica California buckeye

HYDROPHYLLACEAE WATERLEAF FAMILY Nemophila heterophylla Nemophila

HYPERICACEAE ST JOHN S WORT FAMILY Hypericum perforatum* Klamath weed

IRIDACEAE IRIS FAMILY Iris douglasiana Douglas’ iris Iris macrosiphon Long tubed iris Sisyrinchium bellum Blue-eyed grass

JUGLANDACEAE WALNUT FAMILY Juglans californica California black walnut Juglans regia* English walnut

JUNCACEAE RUSH FAMILY Juncus bufonius Toad rush Juncus balticus Spreading rush Juncus capitatus* Leafy-bract rush Juncus effusus Soft rush Juncus patens Common rush Juncus tenuis Poverty rush Juncus xiphioides Iris-leaf rush Luzula comosa Wood rush

JUNCAGINACEAE ARROW GRASS FAMILY Lilaea scilloides Flowering quillwort

LAMIACEAE MINT FAMILY Lamium amplexicaule* Henbit Lamium purpureum* Henbit Mentha pulegium* Pennyroyal Prunella vulgaris Self-heal Rosmarinus officinalis* Rosemary Satureja douglasii Yerba buena Stachys ajugoides Hedge-nettle

LILIACEAE LILY FAMILY

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 5 Biological Assessment PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Brodiaea elegans Harvest brodiaea Calochortus luteus Yellow mariposa lily Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. pomeridianum Soap plant Dichelostemma capitatum Blue dicks Dichelostemma congestum Ookow Muilla maritima Common muilla Triteleia hyacinthina White brodiaea Triteleia laxa Ithuriel’s spear

LIMNANTHACEAE MEADOWFOAM FAMILY Limnanthes douglasii ssp. douglasii Douglas’ meadowfoam

LYTHRACEAE LOOSESTRIFE FAMILY Lythrum hyssopifolium* Hyssop loosestrife

MALVACEAE MALLOW FAMILY Malva parviflora* Cheeseweed Sidalcea malviflora ssp. laciniata Checker mallow

MORACEAE MULBERRY FAMILY Ficus carica* Fig Morus alba White mulberry

MYRTACEAE MYRTLE FAMILY Eucalyptus sp.* Eucalyptus

ONAGRACEAE EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY Camissonia ovata Sun cup Clarkia purpurea Clarkia Epilobium brachycarpum Panicled willow-herb Epilobium ciliatum Hairy willow-herb

ORCHIDACEAE ORCHID FAMILY Piperia elongata Dense flowered rein orchid Spiranthes porrifolia Ladies' tresses

O ALIDACEAE O ALIS FAMILY Oxalis laxa* Sorrel

PAPAVERACEAE POPPY FAMILY Eschscholzia californica California poppy Romneya coulteri Matilija poppy

PINACEAE PINE FAMILY Pinus sabiniana Gray pine Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 6 Biological Assessment PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir

PLANTAGINACEAE PLANTAIN FAMILY Plantago coronopus* Cut-leaf plantain Plantago erecta Plantain Plantago lanceolata* English plantain

POACEAE GRASS FAMILY Agrostis sp. Bentgrass Aira caryophyllea* Hairgrass Anthoxanthum aristatum* Vernal grass Avena barbata* Slender wild oat Avena fatua* Wild oat Briza maxima* Big quaking grass Briza minor* Little quaking grass Bromus diandrus* Ripgut brome Bromus hordeaceus* Soft brome Bromus tectorum* Cheatgrass Cynodon dactylon* Bermuda grass Cynosurus echinatus* Hedgehog dog-tail grass Dactylis glomerata* Orchard grass Danthonia californica California oatgrass Elymus glaucus Blue wild-rye Festuca sp. fescue Gastridium ventricosum* Nit grass Hordeum marinum* Mediterranean barley Hordeum murinum* Barley Lolium multiflorum* Ryegrass Nassella pulchra Purple needlegrass Phalaris aquatica* Harding grass Phalaris sp.* Phalaris Poa annua* Annual bluegrass Polypogon monspeliensis* Annual rabbit-foot grass Taeniatherum caput-medusae* Medusahead grass Vulpia bromoides* Brome fescue Vulpia myuros* Foxtail fescue

POLEMONIACEAE PHLO FAMILY Linanthus bicolor True baby stars Navarretia intertexta Needle-leaf navarretia Navarretia squarrosa Skunkweed Navarretia tagetina Marigold navarretia

POLYGONACEAE BUC WHEAT FAMILY Polygonum arenastrum* Prostrate knotweed Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 7 Biological Assessment PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Polygonum sp. Knotweed Rumex acetosella* Sheep sorrel Rumex crispus* Curly dock Rumex pulcher* Fiddle dock

PORTULACEAE PURSLANE FAMILY Calandrinia ciliata Red maids Claytonia perfoliata Miner’s lettuce Montia fontana Fountain miner’s lettuce

PRIMULACEAE PRIMROSE FAMILY Anagallis arvensis* Scarlet pimpernel Dodecatheon hendersonii Shooting star

PTERIDACEAE BRA E FAMILY Adiantum jordanii California maidenhair Pentagramma triangularis Goldenback fern

PUNICACEAE POMEGRANATE FAMILY Punica granatum* Pomegranate

RANUNCULACEAE BUTTERCUP FAMILY Ranunculus aquatilis Whitewater buttercup Ranunculus bonariensis Vernal pool buttercup Ranunculus californicus Buttercup Ranunculus lobbii (CNPS List 4.2) Lobb’s aquatic buttercup Ranunculus muricatus* Spiny-fruit buttercup

RHAMNACEAE BUC THORN FAMILY Rhamnus tomentella Hoary coffeeberry

ROSACEAE ROSE FAMILY Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon Potentilla sp. Cinquefoil Prunus sp. Plum Rosa californica California wild rose Rubus armeniacus* Himalayan blackberry Rubus ursinus California blackberry

RUBIACEAE MADDER FAMILY Galium aparine Goose grass Galium parisiensis* Wall bedstraw Galium porrigens Climbing bedstraw Galium sp. Bedstraw Sherardia arvensis* Field madder Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 8 Biological Assessment PLANT SP OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name SALICACEAE WILLOW FAMILY Populus fremontii Fremont’s cottonwood Salix exigua Sandbar willow Salix laevigata Red willow Salix lasiolepis Arroyo willow Salix sp. Willow

SA IFRAGACEAE SA IFRAGE FAMILY Saxifraga intergrifolia Saxifrage

SCROPHULARIACEAE FIGWORT FAMILY Castilleja lacera Cut-leaved owl’s clover Castilleja exserta Purple owl’s clover Castilleja rubicundula ssp. lithospermoides Cream sacs Cordylanthus pilosus Hairy bird’s beak Gratiola ebracteata Bractless hedge hyssop Mimulus guttatus Common monkeyflower Parentucellia viscosa* Yellow glandweed Triphysaria eriantha Butter and eggs Verbascum blattaria* Moth mullein Veronica peregrina Purslane speedwell

TYPHACEAE CATTAIL FAMILY Typha domingensis Southern cattail

VALARIANACEAE VALERIAN FAMILY Centranthus ruber* Red valerian

VITACEAE GRAPE FAMILY Vitis californica California wild grape

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 9 Biological Assessment ATTACHMENT E

TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM:BOTANICAL SURVEYS TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM: BOTANICAL SURVEYS LYTTON RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

OCTOBER 2010

Lead Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Pacific Region Office 2800 Cottage Way, Room W-2820 Sacramento, CA 95825-1846 TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM: BOTANICAL SURVEYS LYTTON RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

OCTOBER 2010

Lead Agency: U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs Pacific Region Office 2800 Cottage Way, Room W-2820 Sacramento, CA 95825-1846

Prepared By: Analytical Environmental Services 1801 7th Street, Suite 100 Sacramento, CA 95811 (916) 447-3479 www.analyticalcorp.com

TABLE OF CONTENTS TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM: BOTANICAL SURVEYS FOR THE LYTTON RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT

1.0 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Project Location ...... 1 1.2 Project Description ...... 1 1.3 Purpose and Need ...... 1

2.0 REGULATORY SETTING ...... 5 2.1 Federal ...... 6 2.2 State ...... 8 2.3 Local ...... 9

3.0 METHODOLOGY ...... 9 3.1 Preliminary Research ...... 9 3.2 Floristic Surveys ...... 10 3.3 Survey Chronology ...... 10 3.4 Reference Populations ...... 12

4.0 RESULTS ...... 13 4.1 Environmental Setting ...... 13 4.2 Soils ...... 14 4.3 Habitat Types...... 14 4.4 Special-Status Plant Species ...... 19 4.5 Reference Populations ...... 24

5.0 SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS ...... 35

6.0 REFERENCES ...... 37

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Regional Location ...... 2 Figure 2 Site and Vicinity ...... 3 Figure 3 Aerial Parcel Map ...... 4 Figure 4 Habitat Map ...... 15 Figure 5 CNDDB 5-Mile Radius Map ...... 20

Analytical Environmental Services i Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Assessor’s Parcel Numbers Within the Project Site ...... 5 Table 2 Botanical Surveys Conducted on Lytton Windsor Housing Parcels to Date ...... 11 Table 3 Potentially Occurring Special-Status Species ...... 21 Table 4 Phenological State of Species Covered by the Conservation Strategy at Reference Sites ...... 25

APPENDICES

Appendix A USFWS, CNDDB, and CNPS Scientific Database Queries Appendix B Regionally Occurring Special-Status Species Summary Table Appendix C Personnel Qualifications Appendix D Plant Species Observed within the Project Site

Analytical Environmental Services ii Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This Technical Memorandum (Memorandum) has been prepared for the Lytton Rancheria of California (Tribe), to report the results of a series of botanical surveys conducted by Analytical Environmental Services (AES) throughout the approximately 124.12-acre Lytton Residential Development property (project site). This Memorandum describes the methodology, results, and general status of the botanical survey efforts that have been conducted within the project site to date.

1.1 PROJECT LOCATION

The project site is located west of Interstate Highway 101, east of the Russian River, and is approximately one mile west of the Town of Windsor, within Sonoma County, California (Figure 1). The project site occurs within Sections 14, 15, and unsectioned areas of Molinos, Township 8 North, and Range 9 West, Mount Diablo Baseline and Meridian (MDBM) in the “Healdsburg, CA” U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle (USGS, 1993) (Figure 2). It is located within the Russian Watershed Hydrologic Unit Code #18010110 (USGS, 1978). The project site is composed of fourteen assessor’s parcel numbers (APNs) that were included in the original Biological Assessment (APNs 066-300-028, 066-300-031, 066-300-033, 066-191-017, 066-191-018, 066-191-020, and 066-191-022; AES, 2009), as well as additional parcels acquired after the original parcels were obtained (066-191-016, 066-191-019, 066-191-021, 066-191-023, 066-300-017, 066-050-040, 066-050-047; Figure 3). These APNs, listed in order from west to east, are discussed in further detail in Table 1.

1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The proposed project (i.e., action) includes the placement of approximately 124.12 acres of land into federal trust for the Tribe and construction of residential housing, Tribal government offices, a Tribal community center, retreat, roundhouse, and associated facilities. More extensive information regarding Alternatives A, B, C and D is provided in the Final Environmental Assessment (EA) for the Lytton Residential Development (AES, 2011). In addition to the taking of 124.12 acres of land into federal trust on behalf of the Tribe, the proposed project has several other derivative components which include road improvements, grading, utilities, water supply infrastructure, two possible locations for a wastewater treatment and reclamation facility (under Alternative B), and storm water drainage components.

1.3 PURPOSE AND NEED

As mentioned above, AES has conducted a series of botanical surveys within the project site. The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is the lead agency for the proposed project under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and as such, has the primary authority for approval of the proposed project. The purpose of this report is to document the results and status of the botanical survey efforts that have been conducted within the project site in support of any NEPA and/or California Environmental Quality Act

Analytical Environmental Services 1 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys PROJECT SITE

101 SCALE Lower Lake

Miles Project Site Mendocino County Sonoma County

0 3Cobb 6 29

175 Lake County Cloverdale Hidden Valley Lake

Middletown

29 128

Healdsburg

Calistoga PROJECT SITE Napa County 29 Windsor Deer Park Sonoma County Guerneville St. Helena

Forestville Monte Rio 12 Santa Rosa 116 Graton

Roseland

Occidental Sebastopol 101 12

116 Glen Ellen Rohnert Park 1 Eldridge Bodega Bay Cotati Boyes Hot Springs El Verano Sonoma

12 Tomales Temelec Dillon Beach Marin County Petaluma 116 121

Lytton Property Residential Development Technical Memorandum / 207513 SOURCE: StreetMap North America, 2009; AES 2010 Figure 1 Regional Location LEGEND

Property Boundary

Feet

0 1,500 3,000

Los Amigos Rd Grapevine Ln

Arata Ln

Ashley Dr

HerbRd 101

Rio Ruso Dr Old Redwood Hwy Gumview Rd

Fontana Rd Starr View Dr

RockstrechRd

ErikaDr

Windsor River Rd

StarrRd

WindsorRd

EastsideRd

Kloer Rd Richardson Rd

Reiman Ln

Oak Way

Cooper Way Russian River Gravel Company Rd

Jones Rd

Lytton Residential Development Technical Memorandum / 207513 SOURCE: "Healdsburg, CA” USGS 7.5 Topographic Quadrangle, Sections 14, 15, and unsectioned areas of Molinos, T8N, R9W, Mt. Diablo Baseline & Merdian; Sonoma County GIS Data, 2/9/2007; AES, 2010 Figure 2 Site and Vicinity LEGEND

Project Parcels

2007-2010 Two of Two-Year Surveys Completed

2010-2011 One of Two-Year Surveys Completed

Feet APN 066-050-040 0 250 500 (9.86ac) APN 066-050-047 (10.14ac)

APN 066-300-023 (1.22ac)

Windso r River Rd APN APN APN APN 066-300-017 066-300-033 066-191-021 066-300-028 (3.60ac) (12.51 Acres) (1.248ac) (5.0 Acres) APN 066-191-019 (2.28ac)

APN APN 066-191-016 066-191-020 (4.11 Acres) (2.45 Acres) APN 066-300-031 (50.47 Acres) APN

EastsideR d 066-191-022 APN (11.96 Acres) 066-191-018 (0.002 Acres) APN 066-191-017 (9.27 Acres)

Lytton Residential Development Technical Memorandum / 207513 SOURCE: AEX Aerial Photograph, 11/1/2008; AES, 2010 Figure 3 Aerial Parcel Map and Survey Status Technical Memorandum

(CEQA) documentation that may be required for the proposed project. The botanical surveys included the following tasks:

• characterization of the habitat types present within the project site, • creation of a list of regionally occurring special-status plant species determined to have the potential to occur within the habitat types identified on the project site (i.e., target species list), • evaluation of the potential for the occurrence of special-status plant species within the project site, and • results of the botanical surveys to date.

Sonoma County: AR (Zoning): Agriculture and Residential District RR (Land Use): Rural Residential SOURCE: AES, 2011; Sonoma County Permit and Resource Planning Department, 2010; Town of Windsor, 2005.

2.0 REGULATORY SETTING

The following section summarizes the applicable Federal regulations that relate to the botanical resources that may occur within the project site. Other pertinent State and local regulations are also discussed below for the purpose of providing generalized information regarding regulations that would be applicable if the project site is not placed into federal trust for the Tribe.

Analytical Environmental Services 5 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

2.1 FEDERAL

FEDERAL ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT The United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) implement the Federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) of 1973 (16 USC Section 1531 et seq.). Threatened and endangered species on the federal list (50 CFR Subsection 17.11, 17.12) are protected from “take” (direct or indirect harm), unless a Section 10 Permit is granted to an individual or a Section 7 consultation and a Biological Opinion with incidental take provisions are rendered to a lead federal agency. Pursuant to the requirements of FESA, an agency reviewing a proposed project within its jurisdiction must determine whether any federally listed species may be present in the project area and determine whether the proposed project will have a potentially significant impact upon such species. Under FESA, habitat loss is considered to be an impact to the species. In addition, the agency is required to determine whether the project is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any species proposed to be listed under FESA or result in the destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat proposed to be designated for such species (16 USC Section 1536[3], [4]). Therefore, project-related impacts to these species, or their habitats, would be considered significant and require mitigation.

Under FESA, critical habitat may be designated by the Secretary of the Interior for any listed species. The term "critical habitat" for a threatened or endangered species refers to the following:

(i) the specific areas within the geographical range of the species at the time it is listed that contains suitable habitat for the species, which may require special management considerations or protection; and (ii) the specific areas outside the geographical range of the species at the time it is listed that contains suitable habitat for the species and is determined to be essential for the conservation of the species.

Under Section 7 of the FESA, all federal agencies (including USFWS and NMFS) are required to ensure that any action they authorize, fund, or carry out will not likely jeopardize the continued existence of a listed species or modify their critical habitat.

SANTA ROSA PLAIN CONSERVATION STRATEGY In addition to designating critical habitat for federally listed species, the USFWS also creates, coordinates, and implements species-specific recovery plans and enters into specialized conservation agreements with local jurisdictions in order to prevent further decline of federally listed species. Recovery plans are designed to ensure that continued decline of federally listed species is arrested and threats are removed or reduced so that long-term survival of species in the wild is achieved. The ultimate goal of recovery plans is to stabilize, recover, and ultimately delist endangered and threatened species. Specialized conservation agreements are cooperative approaches to species protection that have developed by appropriate government agencies and other interested parties (e.g., conservation groups,

Analytical Environmental Services 6 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

private landowners, and special-interest foundations) that enable planned land uses to occur within the range of federally listed species. These agreements are intended to expedite the environmental review process by identifying major conservation goals, specific areas that provide crucial habitat for listed species, and establishing specific mitigation requirements for the region as a whole versus evaluating and establishing such parameters on a project by project basis.

The project site is at the northern end of the study area of the Santa Rosa Plain Conservation Strategy (Conservation Strategy; Brauner et al., 2005). This Conservation Strategy created a long-term program to mitigate potential adverse effects from future development on species listed as endangered by the Federal Government that occur only in the Santa Rosa Plain. Endangered species specifically addressed in the Conservation Strategy are the California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense; Sonoma population), Burke’s goldfield (Lasthenia burkei), Sonoma sunshine (Blennosperma bakeri), Sebastopol meadowfoam (Limnanthes vinculans), and many-flowered navarretia (Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha). The program will contribute to the recovery of these listed species within Sonoma County and to the conservation of their sensitive habitats. The project site falls outside the known range of CTS (USFWS, 2005a). However, it is within the range of the four listed plant species that are known to occur on the Santa Rosa Plain. As such, determinant-level protocol surveys are required. In order to substantiate negative findings for the four listed plant species, the Conservation Strategy requires a minimum of two years of negative protocol survey results for future permitted actions. The protocol requires that at least three separate floristic surveys be conducted during the duration of the growing season within the project site for two consecutive years and that each one of these three floristic surveys be conducted at a time when at least one of the four listed plant species is identifiable (i.e., blooming) at a local reference site.

Additional information regarding permitting requirements is available in a Programmatic Consultation for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) 404 Permitted Projects that May Affect Four Endangered Plant Species on the Santa Rosa Plain, California (File Number 223420N) (USFWS, 2007). USFWS requires mitigation for impacted aquatic features that constitute suitable habitat for the four listed plant species (i.e., wetland features that are not occupied by the four listed plant species) and the mitigation ratios vary according to whether or not presence of these plant species is documented, assumed, or substantiated-negative. By definition, suitable habitat for the four listed plant species includes suitable vegetative conditions in combination with specified topographic and hydrologic conditions. Vegetative conditions such as areas that support vernal pool indicator species and seasonal wetland areas where weedy grasses contribute less than 90 percent of the relative vegetation cover must be present (CH2M Hill, 1998). These vegetative conditions must occur in combination with one or more topographic and hydrologic conditions: the wetland area has not been entirely filled such that the wetland no longer floods or ponds and the original topography no longer exists, the wetland has an outlet barrier or occurs in depressional terrain, or the wetland contains surface water during the rainy season in a normal rainfall year for seven or more consecutive days (CH2M Hill, 1998).

Analytical Environmental Services 7 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

2.2 STATE

The California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) implements state regulations pertaining to fish and wildlife and their habitat. The California Endangered Species Act (CESA) of 1970 (California Fish and Game [CFG] Code Section 2050 et seq., and CCR Title 14, Subsection 670.2, 670.51) prohibits the take (interpreted to mean the direct or indirect harm or killing of a species) of species listed under CESA (14 CCR Subsection 670.2, 670.5). A CESA permit must be obtained if a project will result in the take of listed species, either during construction or over the life of the project. Under CESA, CDFG is responsible for maintaining a list of threatened and endangered species designated under state law (CFG Code 2070). CDFG also maintains lists of species of special concern, which serve as “watch lists.” Pursuant to requirements of CESA, an agency reviewing a proposed project within its jurisdiction must determine whether any state listed species may be present in the study area and determine whether the proposed project will have a potentially significant impact upon such species. Project-related impacts to species on the CESA list and species of special concern would be considered significant and require mitigation.

The California Native Plant Society (CNPS) publishes and maintains an Inventory of Rare and Endangered Vascular Plants of California in both hard copy and electronic versions. Plants on Lists 1A, 1B, and 2 of the CNPS Inventory consist of plants that may qualify for listing, and the CDFG recommends they be addressed in CEQA projects (CEQA Guidelines Section 15380). However, a plant need not be in the Inventory to be considered a rare, threatened, or endangered species under CEQA.

The California Environmental Quality Act of 1970 (Subsections 21000-21178) requires that CDFG be consulted during the CEQA review process regarding impacts of proposed projects on rare or endangered species. These “special-status” species are defined under CEQA Guidelines subsection 15380(b) and (d) as those listed under FESA and CESA, and species that are not currently protected by statute or regulation, but would be considered rare, threatened, or endangered under these criteria, or by the scientific community. Therefore, species that are considered rare or endangered are addressed in this study regardless of whether they are afforded protection through any other statute or regulation. Although threatened and endangered species are protected by specific federal and state statutes, CEQA Guidelines Section 15380(d) provides that a species not listed on the federal or state list of protected species may be considered rare or endangered if the species can be shown to meet certain specified criteria. These criteria have been modeled after the definition in the FESA and the section of the California Fish and Game Code dealing with rare or endangered plants and animals. Section 15380(d) allows a public agency to undertake a review to determine if a significant effect on species that have not yet been listed by either the USFWS or CDFG (i.e., candidate species) would occur. Thus, CEQA provides an agency with the ability to protect a species from a project’s potential impacts until the respective government agencies have an opportunity to designate the species as protected, if warranted.

Analytical Environmental Services 8 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

2.3 LOCAL

Several of the goals and policies within the Sonoma County General Plan (Plan) regarding biological resources apply directly to the proposed project (County of Sonoma, 1989). The following elements of the Plan have components that may generally pertain to the proposed project: Land Use Element, Open Space Element, Agricultural Resources Element, and Resource Conservation Element.

In addition to the Plan, Sonoma County also has a body of regulations collectively called the Sonoma County Code that is responsible for issuing permits to implement the goals and policies of the Plan and is enforceable by law. Several articles within the Sonoma County Code may generally pertain to the proposed project and include such things as tree protection ordinances, oak tree preservation, heritage tree protection, etc.

3.0 METHODOLOGY

For the purposes of this report, the study area includes the entire Lytton residential project site (refer to Figure 3).

3.1 PRELIMINARY RESEARCH

Prior to conducting the floristic surveys AES staff reviewed the following resources:

• Aerial photographs of the project site, • USGS “Healdsburg, CA” 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle (USGS, 1993), • Online Soil Survey of Sonoma County, California (USDA/NRCS, 2008),A USFWS list of federally listed special-status species with potential to occur within Sonoma County, the “Healdsburg, CA” 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle and the eight surrounding quadrangles (“Jimtown,” “Mount Saint Helena,” “Mark West Springs,” “Santa Rosa,” “Sebastopol,” “Camp Meeker,” “Guerneville,” and “Geyserville”) (USFWS, 2009; query date December 24, 2009), • A California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB) list of state and federally listed special-status species with potential to occur within the “Healdsburg, CA” 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle and the surrounding eight quadrangles (CDFG, 2003; query date December 24, 2009), • A CNDDB map of state and federally listed special-status species that have been documented within a five-mile radius of the project site (CDFG, 2003; mapped June 2010), and • A CNPS list of special-status plant species with potential to occur within the “Healdsburg, California” 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle and the surrounding eight quadrangles listed above (CNPS, 2009; query date December 24, 2009).

The USFWS, CNDDB, and CNPS database research lists of regionally occurring special-status species are included for reference purposes in Appendix A.

Analytical Environmental Services 9 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

A complete list of all of the regionally occurring special-status species reported in the scientific database queries was compiled for the project site (Appendix B). An analysis to determine which of these special- status species have the potential to occur within the project site was conducted. The habitat requirements for each regionally occurring special-status species were assessed and compared to the type and quality of habitats observed on-site during the field surveys. Several regionally occurring special-status species were eliminated due to lack of suitable habitat within the project site, range of elevation, lack of suitable soil/substrate, and/or distribution. The analysis was also based on reviews of resource agency materials, applicable scientific literature, aerial photography of the project site, topographic maps of the project site, and other pertinent local information. Special-status plant species that warrant discussion and those determined to have the potential to occur within the project site are addressed in Section 4.4. Special- status plant species determined not to have potential to occur within the project site are not discussed further in this report.

3.2 FLORISTIC SURVEYS

AES staff conducted the floristic surveys within the project site in accordance with the Guidelines presented in Appendix D of the Conservation Strategy (Brauner et al., 2005). The field surveys were conducted on foot and AES staff surveyed the entire project site in order to view all the habitat types on the project site. The field surveys were conducted during the appropriate periods of identification for all of the potentially occurring special-status plant species. All visible plant species were noted and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level, which is required for accurate identification and reporting. Plant species identification, nomenclature, and taxonomy followed Hickman (1993a and 1993b) and Best (1996).

3.3 SURVEY CHRONOLOGY

Special-status plant surveys were conducted within the original project parcel APN 066-300-031 on April 5, April 30, and May 30, 2007. This survey effort met the requirements of the Conservation Strategy for the first year of floristic surveys within APN 066-300-031. The Tribe then purchased a second parcel, APN 066-300-033. Special-status plant surveys were conducted within both parcels (i.e., APN 066-300- 031 and APN 066-300-033) on March 27, April 18, and May 27, 2008. This survey effort met the requirements of the Conservation Strategy for the second year of floristic surveys within APN 066-300- 031 and for the first year of floristic surveys within APN 066-300-033. In 2009, AES completed the remaining floristic surveys required by the Conservation Strategy for APN 066-300-033. These surveys were conducted on March 24, April 20, and May 14, 2009. AES concurrently conducted first-year floristic surveys in 2009 on newly acquired APNs 066-300-028, 066-191-017, 066-191-018, 066-191- 020, and 066-191-022. Second-year floristic surveys were conducted on these parcels as well as new APNs 066-300-23, 066-300-017, 066-191-016, 066-191-019 and 066-191-021 on April 9, May 10, June 8, and July 8, 2010. Two additional parcels, APNs 066-050-040 and 066-050-047 obtained in May 2010, received first-year floristic surveys on June 10 and July 8, 2010. The status of floristic surveys for each project parcel is shown in Table 2 and the parcels are shown on an aerial map in Figure 3. Surveys in

Analytical Environmental Services 10 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

2010 were conducted by AES Botanist Adrienne Edwards, PhD, with the assistance of AES biologists Ona Alminas and Jessica Griggs (for qualifications, see Appendix C). AES staff will conduct the final growing season floristic surveys for the second required consecutive year on these parcels in 2011. No federal special-status plant species have been observed within the project site during any of the floristic surveys that AES staff has conducted to date. Completely substantiated negative results are anticipated, given the habitats and results found on the parcels thus far.

TABLE 2 BOTANICAL SURVEYS CONDUCTED ON LYTTON WINDSOR HOUSING PARCELS TO DATE Survey Parcel Type of Survey Survey Dates Year Special Status 2009 March 24, April 20, May 14, 2009 Plants 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 066-300-028 General Botanical 2009 March 11 and 24, April 20, May 14, June 29 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Special Status 2007 April 5 and 30, May 30 Plants 2008 March 27, April 18, May 27 2010 July 8 066-300-031 2007 April 5 and 30, May 1 and 30, July 31, August 1, November 27 General Botanical 2008 March 3- 5 and 27, April 18, May 23, May 27, October 16-17 2009 March 11 and 24, April 20, May 14, June 29 Special Status 2008 March 27, April 18, May 27 Plants 2009 March 24, April 20, May 14 066-300-033 2010 July 8 General Botanical 2008 March 3 – 5 and 27, April 18, May 23, May 27, October 16 – 17 2009 March 11 and 24, April 20, May 14, June 29 Special Status 2009 March 24, April 20, May 14 Plants 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 066-191-017 2009 March 11 and 24, April 20, May 14, June 29 General Botanical 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Special Status 2009 March 24, April 20, May 14 Plants 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 066-191-018 General Botanical 2009 March 11 and 24, April 20, May 14, June 29 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Special Status 2009 March 24, April 20, May 14 066-191-020 Plants 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 General Botanical 2009 March 11 and 24, April 20, May 14, June 29 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Special Status 2009 March 24, April 20, May 14 Plants 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 066-191-022 General Botanical 2009 March 11 and 24, April 20, May 14, June 29 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Special Status 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Plants 2011 April, May, June 066-191-016 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 General Botanical 2011 April, May, June Special Status 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Plants 2011 April, May, June 066-191-019 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 General Botanical 2011 April, May, June Special Status 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Plants 2011 April, May, June 066-191-021 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 General Botanical 2011 April, May, June

Analytical Environmental Services 11 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

Survey Parcel Type of Survey Survey Dates Year Special Status 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Plants 2011 April, May, June 066-191-023 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 General Botanical 2011 April, May, June Special Status 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 Plants 2011 April, May, June 066-300-017 2010 April 9, May 10, June 8, July 8 General Botanical 2011 April, May, June 2010 June 14, July 8 Special Status 2011 April, May, June Plants 066-050-040 2012 April, May (if needed) 2010 June 14, July 8 General Botanical 2011 April, May June 2010 June 14, July 8 Special Status 2011 April, May June Plants 066-050-047 2012 April, May (if needed) 2010 June 14, July 8 General Botanical 2011 April, May June SOURCE: AES, 2011.

Vegetation communities (assemblages of plant species growing in areas of similar biological and environmental factors), were classified using the CDFG Terrestrial Natural Communities of California system, or “Holland type” (Holland, 1986), and where applicable, detailed by Vegetation Series (distinctive associations of plants, described by dominant species and particular environmental setting) using the Manual of California Vegetation (Sawyer et al., 2009), which is based on the National Vegetation Classification System. Wetlands and other aquatic habitats were classified using USFWS National Wetlands Inventory/Classification System for Wetland and Deepwater Habitats, or “Cowardin class” (Cowardin et al., 1979) and criteria defined in the 1987 Wetland Delineation Manual by the USACE.

Locations of species’ occurrences and habitat boundaries within the study area were recorded on color aerial photographs (scale 1”=600’). The boundaries of potentially jurisdictional waters within the study area were identified in the field and recorded on color aerial photographs. The results were digitized to produce the final habitat map (Figure 5).

3.4 REFERENCE POPULATIONS

The Conservation Strategy Guidelines require that the floristic surveys be conducted at times that coincide with periods when the four Santa Rosa Plain listed plant species are identifiable at a local reference site (Brauner et al., 2005). AES staff gathered information regarding known locations of these species from the CNDDB. Reference populations were available for three of the four listed plant species addressed in the Conservation Strategy: Burke’s goldfields, Sonoma sunshine and Sebastopol meadowfoam. The only non-hybrid population of many-flowered navarretia known in Sonoma County is in the Santa Rosa Plain, but it occurs on property within a private gated community. Owing this, the

Analytical Environmental Services 12 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

navarretia population was not accessible for reference visit. Reference sites for the other species were visited early in the morning prior to conducting each of the special status plant surveys listed in Table 2.

Two other species listed as federal endangered have the potential to occur on the project site but are not specifically covered under the Conservation Strategy. A reference population of Sonoma alopecurus (Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis; federal endangered), a species not addressed in the Conservation Strategy, was not readily available. According to the CNDDB (CDFG, 2003), none of the Sonoma populations have been verified since 1987, with the exception of one verified in 1997; all appeared to be declining or missing at that time. For this reason, a reference site for this species was not utilized (see Section 4.4 for more information). The addition of APN 066-191-022 (which contains a perennial drainage) to the project site, resulted in potential for the federal and state endangered Pitkin Marsh lily (Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense) to occur within the project site. A reference population of Pitkin Marsh lily was visited prior to conducting a focused survey for this species within the project site on June 29, 2009. Lilies are readily recognizable by the shape and arrangement of their leaves, even if the flowers are browsed off.

Specific details regarding the phenological state of the plant species observed during the reference site visits are discussed in Section 4.4.

4.0 RESULTS

This section summarizes the results of the floristic surveys that were conducted within the project site and provides further analysis of the data collected in the field. Discussions regarding the terrestrial and aquatic habitat types on-site and information regarding the target special-status plant species are presented below.

4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

The project site is located in central Sonoma County, within the Russian River Valley. Sonoma County has a Mediterranean climate regime characterized by hot, dry, sunny summers and cool, rainy winters. This type of climate is also referred to as an etesian climate. Offshore winds and fog from the Pacific Ocean are common and these factors tend to moderate the climate in Sonoma County. Evening temperatures are frequently much cooler than midday temperatures and mornings are prone to coastal fog. The mean annual temperature range near the Town of Healdsburg is approximately 46° to 74° Fahrenheit (F). The average annual precipitation near the Town of Healdsburg is approximately 42 inches, with a maximum of approximately 8.81 inches during the month of January (WRCC, 2007).

The project site is composed of gently rolling terrain and is situated at elevations that range from approximately 29 to 67 meters (95 to 220 feet) above mean sea level. The Russian River Valley falls within climate Zone 14 “Ocean-influenced Northern and Central California.” Climate Zone 14 includes

Analytical Environmental Services 13 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

inland areas with oceanic or other cold air influence. This climate zone is a linear region that runs from Humboldt County to Santa Barbara County (Hickman, 1993a). The local and regional geology is within the Outer North Coast Range (NCoRo) geographic subdivision of California. The NCoRo is characterized by redwood, mixed-ever-green, and mixed-hardwood forests and by very high rainfall. The NCoRo subdivision is part of the larger Northwestern (NW) geographic division, which occurs within the larger California Floristic Province (Ca-FP), thus is equivalent to “cismontane” as often cited in other scientific texts (Hickman, 1993a).

The project site is situated in a rural residential/agricultural setting near the Town of Windsor, approximately one mile west of the town center. APNs 066-191-017, 066-191-018, 066-191-022, 066- 050-040 and 066-050-047, which comprise approximately 41.23 acres of the project site, are within the sphere of influence of the Town of Windsor (Table 1). Specific surrounding land uses include rural residences, agriculture (vineyards and pastures), and undeveloped parcels. The project site is predominantly undeveloped and uncultivated. However, several abandoned and/or occupied residences and associated structures are located on-site. Approximately twelve existing residences and other associated buildings are located within APNs 066-300-033, 066-300-028, 066-191-020, 066-191-017, 066-300-023, 066-300-017, 066-191-016, 066-191-019, 066-191-021 and 066-050-040.

4.2 SOILS

According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) online Soil Survey for Sonoma County, seven soil units, or types, have been mapped within the project site (NRCS, 2008). These include: (AeA) Alluvial Land, clayey; (AgE) Arbuckle gravelly sandy loam, 15 to 30 percent slopes; (Cgc) Clough gravelly loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes; (FaD) Felta very gravelly loam, 5 to 15 percent slopes; (FaF) Felta very gravelly loam, 30 to 50 percent slopes; (HtC) Huichica loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes; and (SkD) Spreckels loam, 9 to 15 percent slopes. (AeA) Alluvial Land, clayey is the only one of the seven soil units that occur on-site that contains listed hydric inclusions and/or components. It is composed of alluvial land components, which include soils that are frequently flooded for long or very long duration during the growing season (NRCS, 2008).

4.3 HABITAT TYPES

The project site contains a variety of terrestrial and aquatic habitat types. Six terrestrial habitats were identified on-site and these include: annual grassland, mixed oak woodland, oak savannah, mixed riparian, pasture, and ruderal/developed. Six aquatic habitat types were observed on-site including: seasonal wetland, seasonal wetland swale, stock pond, isolated pit, perennial stream and ephemeral drainage. A map that illustrates the various habitat types within the project site is presented as Figure 4 and they are further discussed below.

Analytical Environmental Services 14 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys LEGEND

Property Boundaries

WATERS AND WETLANDS

Ephemeral Drainage

Drainage Channel

E L Isolated Pit C IR C Stock Pond N

Seasonal Wetland G

Seasonal Wetland Swale E W HABITAT TYPES

Annual Grassland

Mixed Oak Woodland

Mixed Riparian

Oak Savannah

Pasture E

A L

Ruderal/Developed

N O

Feet T

N E

0 180 360 K

WINDSOR RIVER ROAD

A E

Lytton Property Residential Development Technical Memorandum / 207513 SOURCE: Aerial Express aerial photograph, 11/2008; AES, 2010 Figure 4 Habitat Map Technical Memorandum

ANNUAL GRASSLAND Annual grassland habitat is scattered in small patches throughout the mixed oak woodland and oak savannah habitats on the project site, as well as a grassy hillside within APN 066-300-023 of approximately one acre. Trees are largely absent within this community type and it is generally dominated by non-native annual grasses and forbs. Native grasses found commonly in these areas included California oatgrass (Danthonia californica), blue wildrye (Elymus glaucus), and purple needlegrass (Nassella pulchra). Non-native grasses common within this habitat type included vernal grass (Anthoxanthum aristatum), wild oat (Avena fatua), quaking grass (Briza maxima), hedgehog dog- tail grass (Cynosurus echinatus), annual rabbit-foot grass (Polypogon monspeliensis), small patches of medusa-head grass (Taeniatherum caput-medusae), and rat-tail vulpia (Vulpia myuros). Non-native brome grasses (Bromus spp.) were notably uncommon in these areas. Native forbs commonly observed were harvest brodiaea (Brodiaea elegans), soap plant (Chlorogalum pomeridianum var. pomeridianum), blue dicks (Dichelostemma capitatum), plantain (Plantago erecta), mules ears (Wyethia glabra), Ithuriel’s spear (Triteleia laxa), sun cup (Camissonia ovata), buttercup (Ranunculus californicus) and butter and eggs (Triphysaria eriantha). Non-native forbs commonly observed were bur chervil (Anthriscus caucalis), filaree (Erodium botrys), Klamath weed (Hypericum perforatum), sanicle (Sanicula crassicaulis), common sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceous), torilis (Torilis arvensis), and vetch species (Vicia sativa and V. villosa).

MIXED OAK WOODLAND Mixed oak woodland is the dominant habitat type within the project site. The overstory of this community is composed of mature blue oak (Quercus douglasii), black oak (Quercus kellogii), coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), and madrone (Arbutus menziesii) trees. More specifically, Black Oak Forest Alliance (Sawyer et al., 2009) is found on ridgetops and slopes in the northwest quadrant of APN 066- 300-031, as well as APNs 066-300-033 and 066-300-028. The Black Oak Forest Alliance is dominated by black oak (> 50 percent) in the canopy, with madrone and coast live oak as subdominants. Non- riparian woodlands elsewhere on the project site are Blue Oak Woodland Alliance (Sawyer et al., 2009), where blue oak is dominant (> 50 percent) in the tree canopy, with coast live oak subdominant. Shrub and vine species observed within the oak woodlands on the project site include: poison oak (Toxicodendron diversilobum), Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus), coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis), scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius), pipevine (Aristolochia californica), and honeysuckle (Lonicera hispidula). The understory of this community is dominated by annual grasses and forbs, observed species included annual vernal grass, wild oat, quaking grass, hedgehog dog-tail grass, soap plant, filaree, Klamath weed, skunkweed (Navarretia squarrosa), blue-eyed grass (Sisyrinchium bellum), torilis, rose clover (Trifolium hirtum), and bird’s beak (Cordylanthus pilosus).

OAK SAVANNAH The oak savannah habitat type within the project site is also Blue Oak Woodland Alliance (Sawyer et al., 2009), but the overall density of trees is much lower, with larger annual grassland openings. The plant

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species composition is the same as described for mixed oak woodland above, with the exception of the shrub/vine layer. The shrub/vine stratum is largely absent within this community.

MIXED RIPARIAN Mixed riparian habitat occurs along several of the drainages that were mapped within the project site. Plant species observed in the tree layer of this community include Valley oak (Quercus lobata), coast live oak, willows (Salix spp.), and Fremont’s cottonwood (Populus fremontii). The dominant plant species observed within the shrub/vine layer of this community are Himalayan blackberry and poison oak. Other plant species observed within the herbaceous layer of this community include: ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum), little quaking grass (Briza minor), and blue wildrye.

PASTURE Pasture and developed areas dominate the eastern portion of the project site. Pasture south of Windsor River Road appears to be used primarily for horses, and pasture north of Windsor Road has been used primarily for cattle in recent years. Trees and shrubs are sparse within this community, although, remnant stands of blue oak woodland persist and there are a few stands of planted non-native shade trees. Pasture differs from annual grassland habitat in overall plant species composition and the distribution of native species, which reflects more intensive management through periodic plowing and seeding. Occasional natives observed on-site included California oatgrass and purple needlegrass in pastures on the north side of Windsor River Road. Pastures on the south side of Windsor River Road contained a greater cover of weedy forbs and non-native grasses. Dominant non-native grasses included: wild oat, quaking grass, ripgut brome, soft brome, barley (Hordeum murinum), ryegrass, medusa-head grass, and rat-tail vulpia. Non-native forbs that were common in the pasture included filaree, bur chervil (Anthriscus caucalis), torilis, prickly sow thistle (Sonchus asper), Shamrock clover (Trifolium dubium), rose clover, vicia species, pineapple weed (Chamomilla suaveolens), field mustard (Brassica rapa), black mustard (Brassica nigra), Shepard’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), bindweed/morning glory (Convolvulus arvensis), cut-leaved geranium (Geranium dissectum), shortpod mustard (Hirschfeldia incana), perennial/rough cat’s ear (Hypochaeris radicata), Spanish clover (Lotus purshianus), yellow wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) and sheep sorrel (Rumex acetosella). The following native forbs observed within pasture habitat include: soap plant, buttercup, sun cup, butter and eggs, dove weed (Eremocarpus setigerus), bicolored lupine (Lupinus bicolor), and bracted popcorn flower (Plagiobothrys bracteatus).

RUDERAL/DEVELOPED The areas classified as ruderal/developed habitat within the project site include all existing residences and structures, any landscaped areas, roads and parking areas, and otherwise disturbed regions. Non-native landscape plants observed in these areas included English walnut (Juglans regia), London plane tree (Platanus x acerifolia), Eucalyptus (Eucalytpus spp.), fig (Ficus carica), pomegranate (Punica granatum), apple (Malus spp.), plum (Prunus spp.), heavenly bamboo (Nandina domestica), periwinkle (Vinca major), and English ivy (Hedera helix). Weedy forbs observed within this habitat type included non-native sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), mayweed (Anthemis cotula), bindweed, bristly oxtongue

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(Picris echioides), shortpod mustard, bur clover (Medicago polymorpha), filaree, English plantain (Plantago lanceolata), prostrate knotweed (Polygonum arenastrum), ripgut brome, wild oat, harding grass (Phalaris aquatica) and various lawn grasses.

EPHEMERAL DRAINAGE Ephemeral drainages are linear features that exhibit an OHWM and have a clearly defined bed and bank. They are seasonal features that typically convey rainwater and surface runoff flows seasonally and for short time periods. The channels within ephemeral drainages tend to be largely unvegetated due to the scouring effects of flowing water. If plants do occur within ephemeral drainages, they tend to occur within the upper limits of the drainage or in areas where sediment has deposited that can function as a plant substrate. Unlike intermittent drainages, ephemeral drainages are not typically influenced by groundwater. Nine ephemeral drainages were mapped within the project site (AES, 2010). Plant species observed within these feature types include: blue oak, coast live oak, madrone, ryegrass, torilis, shortpod mustard, sedge (Carex densa), tall flatsedge (Cyperus eragrostis), poverty rush (Juncus tenuis), pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium), ryegrass, fiddle dock (Rumex pulcher), and hedge nettle (Stachys ajugoides).

ISOLATED PIT The isolated pits within the project site are relatively deep holes that were excavated within uplands. These features are round to rectangular in shape and the excavated dirt from within them is piled right beside them. Two isolated pits were mapped within the project site (AES, 2010). The two isolated pits may have functioned as watering holes for cattle, test percolation pits, or potential sites for trash disposal. Creeping spikerush (Eleocharis macrostachya) was the dominant plant species observed within the isolated ponds on-site.

SEASONAL WETLAND Seasonal wetlands are typically closed, depressional features that are ephemerally wet due to the accumulation of surface runoff and rainwater collection within low-lying areas. The length of inundation tends to be relatively short and seasonal wetlands are typically dominated by non-native, hydrophytic plant species. Seven seasonal wetlands were mapped within the project site (AES, 2010). Plant species observed within the seasonal wetlands included blue oak, ryegrass, fiddle dock, quaking grass, poverty rush, hedgehog dog-tail grass, pennyroyal, tall flatsedge , Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), annual vernal grass, curly dock (Rumex crispus), soft brome, Mediterranean barley, white water buttercup (Ranunculus aquatilis) and little quaking grass.

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to areas of lower elevation. Three seasonal wetland swales were mapped within the project site (AES, 2010). Plant species observed within the seasonal wetland swale mapped within the project site include: valley oak, pennyroyal, tall flatsedge, ryegrass, cut leaved geranium, and curly dock.

STOCK POND Stock ponds are typically man-made pond features which usually have a clearly defined bed and bank and OHWM. Two stock ponds occur within the northern two parcels of the project site (AES, 2010). Dominant plant species observed within the stock ponds include spikerush and semaphore grass (Pleuropogon californicus); rye grass and wild oats were dominant along upland slopes.

PERENNIAL DRAINAGE Perennial drainages are linear features that exhibit an OHWM, have a clearly defined bed and bank, are typically inundated year-round, and have some degree of ground water contribution. A single perennial drainage was observed within the project site along the eastern boundary (AES, 2010). Plant species observed within the riparian corridor associated with the perennial drainage on-site include Valley oak, blue oak, black oak, willows, Himalayan blackberry (Rubus discolor) and poison oak. Plant species were largely absent within the actual channel due to the scouring effect of flowing water.

4.4 SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES

For the purposes of this report, special-status is defined as those plant species that are of management concern to state and/or federal resource agencies, and includes those plant species that are:

• Listed as endangered, threatened, or candidate for listing under the FESA; • Listed as endangered, threatened, rare, or proposed for listing, under the CESA; • Designated as endangered or rare, pursuant to California Fish and Game Code (Section 1901); • Designated as fully protected, pursuant to California Fish and Game Code (Section 3511, Section 4700, or Section 5050); • Designated as species of special concern by CDFG; and • Plants that meet the definitions of rare, threatened, or endangered under CEQA, including plants listed by CNPS to be “rare, threatened, or endangered in California” (Lists 1A, 1B, and 2). Local or regional agencies may consider plant species that CNPS believes require additional information (List 3) and plant species that have been placed on a watch list (List 4) by CNPS.

All occurrences of special-status plant species and sensitive habitats from the CNDDB within a five-mile radius of the project site were plotted on a map using geographic information systems (GIS) software and this map is presented as Figure 5. As discussed in Section 3.1, an analysis was conducted to determine which of these regionally occurring special-status plant species has the potential to occur within the

Analytical Environmental Services 19 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys SPECIAL STATUS SPECIES DATA

Property Boundary 7 - foothill yellow-legged frog 16 - osprey 25 - Sebastopol meadowfoam

5-Mile Radius 101 8 - fragrant fritillary 17 - pallid bat 26 - serpentine daisy

Special Status Species Area 9 - great blue heron 18 - Pennell's bird's-beak 27 - Sonoma alopecurus

1 - Baker's navarretia 10 - hoary bat 19 - Pitkin Marsh lily 28 - Sonoma sunshine er Vall nd ey Rd xa le 2 - Blennosperma vernal pool andrenidL bee Rd 11 - many-floweredA navarretia 20 - Rincon Ridge ceanothus 29 - steelhead - central California coast DPS ytton Sprin gs C h 3 - Burke's goldfields i 12 - marsh microseris 21 - Rincon Ridge manzanita 30 - Vine Hill ceanothus q u i t D a ry 4 - California linderiella Cr R 13 - narrow-anthered California brodiaea 22 - robust monardella 31 - Vine Hill manzanita e d e k R 5 - coho salmon - central Californiad coast ESU 14 - Navarro roach 23 - Russian River tule perch 32 - western pond turtle

6 - dwarf downingia 15 - Northern Hardpan Vernal Pool 24 - seaside tarplant 33 - white-tailed kite 128 Feet

0 4,500 9,000

Powell Ave 33

16 32 d i n R Fitch Mounta

FrontSt 32 22 Mill St 9

23 14

32 C 23 5 h a l k 8 H ill R 13 d

O l d

R e d w o o 101 d H w y

3 24 Arata Ln 13 6 3 3 ill Dr 3 th 3 Foo

BrooksRd S 33 wee twa ter 13 Sprin gs C Rd o 3 n HembreeLn d e 4 L Pleasant Ave n 32 29 F a u g h

WindsorRd R

d 1826 32 24 Shiloh Rd 3 3 3 3 15 7 d ide R 6 3 1 3 O s t ld

s 1 3 3 3 R e 25 e 11 d W 3 w 6 3 o 28 3 o d 3 H 3 25 3 w 3 Airport Blvd y 32 16 3 3 3 3 20 32 3 3 32 3 3 32 32 d 3 R

d Fulton Rd de R gs stsi rin Ea t Sp 24 River Rd Mark Wes

Trenton Rd Slusser Rd 31 19 25 3 3 3 6 17 10 28 3 2 Hopper Ave 20 21 116 CoveyRd 27

Mirabel Rd 31 31 30 3 Piner Rd

OlivetRd

Lytton Residential Development Technical Memorandum / 207513 SOURCE: "Healdsburg, CA" 100K USGS Topographic Quadrangle; California Natural Diversity Database, 6/2010; AES, 2010 Figure 5 CNDDB 5-Mile Radius Map Technical Memorandum

project site (refer to Appendix A). AES staff determined that the project site contains suitable habitat for ten special-status plant species. The name, regulatory status, distribution, habitat requirements, and period of identification for these species are identified below in Table 1. More detailed descriptions of the special-status plant species with potential to occur within the project site (i.e., target species) are provided below.

TABLE 2 POTENTIALLY OCCURRING SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES SCIENTIFIC FEDERAL/ PERIOD OF NAME, STATE/ CNPS DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFICATION COMMON NAME STATUS Plants Alopecurus FE/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin Occurs in marshes and May-July aequalis var. and Sonoma counties. swamps (freshwater) and sonomensis riparian scrub. Elevations: 5 Sonoma to 365 meters. alopecurus Blennosperma FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Occurs in Valley and foothill March-May bakeri Sonoma County. grassland (mesic) and vernal Sonoma sunshine pools. Elevations: 10 to 110 meters. Castilleja --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Coastal bluff scrub, coastal March - August ambigua ssp. Alameda, Contra Costa, prairie, coastal scrub, marshes ambigua Del Norte, Humboldt, and swamps, Valley and Johnny-nip Mendocino, Marin, Napa, foothill grassland, vernal pool Santa Cruz, San margins. Elevations: 0 to 435 Francisco (unverified), meters. San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Sonoma, as well as Oregon and Washington. Centromadia --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Butte, Chaparral, coastal prairie, May - November parryi ssp. Colusa, Glenn, Lake, meadows and seeps, marshes parryi Napa, San Mateo, Solano, and swamps (coastal salt), pappose tarplant and Sonoma counties. and Valley and foothill grassland (vernally mesic/often alkaline). Elevations: 2 to 420 meters. Downingia --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Fresno, Occurs in Valley and foothill March-May pusilla Merced, Napa, Placer, grassland (mesic) and vernal dwarf downingia Sacramento, San Joaquin, pools. Elevations: 1 to 445 Solano, Sonoma, meters. Stanislaus, Tehama, and Yuba counties. Also occurs in South America. 1 Elymus --/--/4.3 Known to occur in Marin, Broadleaf upland forest, May - August californicus Santa Cruz, San Mateo, cismontane woodland, North California Sonoma counties. Coast coniferous forest, bottlebrush grass riparian woodland. Elevations: 15 to 470 meters. Fritillaria liliacea --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Occurs in cismontane February-April fragrant fritillary Alameda, Contra Costa, woodland, coastal prairie, Monterey, Marin, San coastal scrub, and Valley and Benito, Santa Clara, San foothill grassland/often Francisco, San Mateo, serpentinite. Elevations: 3 to Solano, and Sonoma 410 meters. counties.

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SCIENTIFIC FEDERAL/ PERIOD OF NAME, STATE/ CNPS DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFICATION COMMON NAME STATUS Hemizonia --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Marin, Valley and foothill grasslands April - November congesta ssp. Mendocino, San (sometimes roadsides). congesta Francisco, and Sonoma Elevations: 20 to 560 meters. seaside counties. tarplant/pale yellow hayfield tarplant Lasthenia burkei FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Occurs in meadows and seeps April-June Burke’s goldfields Mendocino, Napa, and (mesic) and vernal pools. Sonoma counties. Elevations: 15 to 600 meters. Legenere limosa --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Vernal pools, sloughs April - June legenere Alameda, Lake, Napa, ephemeral stock ponds Placer, Sacramento, (CDFG, 2003). Elevations: 1 Santa Clara, Shasta, San to 880 meters. Joaquin, San Mateo, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus Tehama, and Yuba counties. Leptosiphon --/--/4.21 Known to occur in Chaparral, cismontane April - July acicularis Alameda, Butte, Contra woodland, coastal prairie, and Bristly Costa (unverified), Fresno, valley and foothill grassland. leptosiphon Humboldt, Lake, Elevations: 55 to 1,500 Mendocino, Marin, Napa, meters. Santa Clara, San Mateo, and Sonoma counties. Lilium FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Cismontane woodland, June - July pardalinum ssp. Sonoma County. meadows and seeps, and pitkinense marshes and swamps Pitkin Marsh lily (freshwater, mesic, sandy). Elevations: 35 to 65 meters. 1 Lilium --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Del Broadleaf upland forest, April - August rubescens Norte, Glenn, Humboldt, chaparral, lower montane Redwood lily Lake, Mendocino, Napa, coniferous forest, North Coast Santa Cruz (may be coniferous forest, upper extirpated), Shasta, montane coniferous Siskiyou, Sonoma, and forest/sometimes serpentinite, Trinity counties. sometimes roadsides. Elevations: 30 to 1,750 meters. Limnanthes FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Napa Occurs in meadows and April-May vinculans (unverified) and Sonoma seeps, valley and foothill Sebastopol counties. grassland, and vernal pools meadowfoam (vernally mesic). Elevations: 15 to 305 meters. 1 Lotus --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Del Broadleaf upland forest, March - July formosissimus Norte, Humboldt, coastal bluff scrub, closed Harlequin lotus Mendocino, Monterey, cone coniferous forest, Marin, San Benito, Santa cismontane woodland, coastal Cruz, San Francisco, San prairie, coastal scrub, Luis Obispo, San Mateo, meadows and seeps, marshes and Sonoma counties, as and swamps, North Coast well as Oregon and coniferous forest, valley and Washington. foothill grassland/wetlands, roadsides. Elevations: 0 to 700 meters.

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SCIENTIFIC FEDERAL/ PERIOD OF NAME, STATE/ CNPS DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS IDENTIFICATION COMMON NAME STATUS Microseris --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Occurs in closed cone April-June (July) paludosa Mendocino, Monterey, coniferous forest, cismontane marsh microseris Marin, San Benito, Santa woodland, coastal scrub, and Cruz, San Francisco (may valley and foothill grassland. be extirpated), San Luis Elevations: 5 to 300 meters. Obispo, San Mateo (may be extirpated), and Sonoma counties. Navarretia --/--/1B Known to occur in Colusa, Occurs in cismontane April-July leucocephala Glenn, Lake, Mendocino, woodland, lower montane ssp. bakeri Marin, Napa, Solano, coniferous forest, meadows Baker’s navarretia Sonoma, Sutter, Tehama, and seeps, valley and foothill and Yolo Counties. grassland, and vernal pools (mesic). Elevations: 5 to 1,740 meters. Navarretia FE/CE/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake Occurs in vernal pools May-June leucocephala and Sonoma counties. (volcanic ash flow). ssp. plieantha Elevations: 30 to 950 meters. many-flowered navarretia 1 Perideridia --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Contra Broadleaf upland forest, June - October gairdneri ssp. Costa, Kern, Los Angeles chaparral, coastal prairie, gairdneri (may be extirpated), Valley and foothill grassland, Gairdner’s Mendocino, Monterey, vernal pools/vernally mesic perideridia Marin, Napa, Orange (may areas. Elevations: 0 to 365 be extirpated), San Benito, meters. Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Diego (may be extirpated), San Luis Obispo, San Mateo (may be extirpated) (unverified), Solano, and Sonoma counties. 1 Ranunculus --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Cismontane woodland, North February - May lobbii Alameda, Contra Costa, Coast coniferous forest, Valley Lobb’s aquatic Mendocino, Marin, Napa, and foothill grassland, vernal buttercup Santa Cruz (may be pools/mesic areas. extirpated) (unverified), Elevations: 15 to 470 meters. San Mateo (may be extirpated) (unverified), Solano, and Sonoma counties, as well as Oregon 1This species is not documented within the CNDDB because it is not listed pursuant through the CEQA review process. The CDFG requires that all CNPS List 1B and 2 plant species be addressed for CEQA projects. Though it is not required for the CEQA review process, CNPS recommends that List 3 and List 4 plant species also be considered. AES considered CNPS List 3 and 4 species during this survey.

STATUS CODES FEDERAL: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and National Marine Fisheries Service FE Listed as Endangered by the Federal Government FT Listed as Threatened by the Federal Government BCC Fish and Wildlife Service Birds of Conservation Concern STATE: California Department of Fish and Game CE Listed as Endangered by the State of California CT Listed as Threatened by the State of California CSC California Species of Special Concern CFP California Fully Protected Species OTHER: CNPS: California Native Plant Society List 1B Plants rare or endangered in California and elsewhere

Analytical Environmental Services 23 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

List 2 Plants rare or endangered in California, but more common elsewhere List 3 Plants for which more information is needed List 4 Plants of limited distribution Threat Ranks 0.1-Seriously threatened in California (high degree/immediacy of threat) 0.2-Fairly threatened in California (moderate degree/immediacy of threat) 0.3-Not very threatened in California (low degree/immediacy of threats or no current threats known) Months in parenthesis are uncommon. SOURCE: USFWS, 2009; CDFG 2003; CNPS, 2009.

4.5 REFERENCE POPULATIONS

As mentioned in Section 3.3, the Conservation Strategy Guidelines require that floristic surveys be conducted at times that coincide with when at least one of the four Santa Rosa Plain listed plant species is accurately identifiable on a local reference site (Brauner et al., 2005). AES staff utilized reference populations whenever feasible to satisfy this requirement. The first of these reference sites is located southwest of the City of Santa Rosa, at the “elbow” of Todd Road, near where it intersects with Llano Road in Sonoma County, California. Sonoma sunshine (Occurrence No. 8), Burke’s goldfields (Occurrence No. 1), and Sebastopol meadowfoam (Occurrence No. 1) occur at this site (CDFG, 2003). The second reference site is located at the Alton Road Vernal Pool Preserve, northwest of the City of Santa Rosa, approximately one half mile west of Fulton Road, along the south side of Alton Road in Sonoma County, California. Burke’s goldfields (Occurrence No. 25) and Sebastopol meadowfoam (Occurrence No. 21) are located at this site (CDFG, 2003). Sonoma sunshine also occurs at this location.

It was not feasible or practical to visit a reference site for many-flowered navarretia because there was no access to non-hybrid populations nearby (see Section 3.3). The phenological state of the species covered by the Conservation Strategy at reference sites for Sonoma sunshine, Burke’s goldfields, and Sebastopol meadowfoam, as well as the similarity of physiographic control between reference sites and surveyed sites is provided in Table 3. The extent of pooling followed general patterns expected in relatively dry (ie, 2007 through 2009) versus wetter years (2010).

Sonoma sunshine was observed in full bloom and thousands of individuals were seen by AES staff at the Todd Road location on April 5 and 30, 2007, March 26 and April 18, 2008, and March 24 and April 20, 2009. Significantly fewer individuals were evident in 2010, likely due to a long, cool spring and late, regular rains that repeatedly flooded the wetlands, submerging the plants. Sonoma sunshine was observed at the Alton Road reference site on the same dates. During the reference visits to these locations during the month of May (i.e., May 30, 2007, May 27, 2008, and May 14, 2009), Sonoma sunshine had begun to go to seed at both of the reference sites. However, several flowering heads were observed in an open state and this species was still readily identifiable. The 2010 growing season was unusually cool, with late, almost weekly rains that caused multiple cycles of flooding and draw-down. No Sonoma sunshine plants could be found flowering on the April 9, 2010 visit. As shown in Table 3, Sonoma sunshine was not found at the Todd Road site and was delayed in flowering by at least a month at the Alton Road Vernal Pool Reserve in 2010 compared to the previous three years.

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TABLE 3 PHENOLOGICAL STATE OF REFERENCE POPULATIONS FOR LISTED SPECIES REFERENCE SITE AND VISIT Sonoma sunshine Burke’s goldfields Sebastopol meadowfoam DATE (Blennosperma bakeri) (Lasthenia burkei) (Limnanthes vinculans) Todd Road April 5, 2007 Full bloom Not blooming Full bloom April 30, 2007 Full bloom Full bloom Full bloom May 30, 2007 Late bloom, going to seed Late bloom, going to seed Late bloom, going to seed March 26, 2008 Full bloom Not blooming Full bloom April 18, 2008 Full bloom Full bloom Full bloom May 27, 2008 Late bloom, going to seed Full bloom Late bloom, going to seed March 24, 2009 Full bloom Not blooming Full bloom April 20, 2009 Full bloom Full bloom Full bloom May 14, 2009 Late bloom, going to seed Full bloom Late bloom, going to seed April 9, 2010 Not blooming Not blooming Not blooming May 10, 2010 Not found Not found Full bloom June 8, 2010 Not found Not found Late bloom, going to seed Alton Road Vernal Pool Reserve April 5, 2007 Full bloom Not blooming Full bloom April 30, 2007 Full bloom Full bloom Full bloom May 30, 2007 Late bloom, going to seed Late bloom, going to seed Late bloom, going to seed March 26, 2008 Full bloom Not blooming Full bloom April 18, 2008 Full bloom Full bloom Full bloom May 27, 2008 Late bloom, going to seed Late bloom, going to seed Late bloom, going to seed March 24, 2009 Full bloom Not blooming Full bloom April 20, 2009 Full bloom Full bloom Full bloom May 14, 2009 Late bloom, going to seed Full bloom Late bloom, going to seed April 9, 2010 Not blooming Not blooming Not blooming May 10, 2010 Full bloom Early bloom Full bloom June 8, 2010 Late bloom, going to seed Late bloom, going to seed Late bloom, going to seed SOURCE: AES, 2011.

Generally, Burke’s goldfields began blooming later in the season than the other two plant species. Burke’s goldfields were observed in full bloom and thousands of individuals were viewed by AES staff at both of the reference site locations. When Sebastopol meadowfoam and Sonoma sunshine were seeding, Burke’s goldfields continued to bloom. This species was readily identifiable during the reference site visits conducted on April 30, 2007, April 18 and May 27, 2008, and April 20 and May 14, 2009. During the later reference site visits, insects had begun to eat the flowering heads and this species had begun to seed, but this species was still readily identifiable. In 2010, this species was not evident until the May 10 visit. Burke’s goldfields was not found at the Todd Road site and was delayed in flowering by up to a month at the Alton Road Vernal Pool Reserve in 2010 compared to the previous three years.

Sebastopol meadowfoam was also observed in full bloom and many individuals were seen by AES staff at the Todd Road location on April 5 and 30, 2007, March 26 and April 18, 2008, and March 24 and April 20, 2009. This species was also observed at the Alton Road Vernal Pool Preserve on the same dates, however far fewer individuals occur at this location. More individuals of this species were observed during the 2009 floristic year at the Todd Road location than any of the previous years. As with Sonoma sunshine, this species began to seed and the blooms were generally past during the May (i.e., May 30,

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2007, May 27, 2008, and May 14, 2009) reference site visits. However, this species is readily identifiable by its leaves and a few of the heads still had the petals attached, though withered during the May reference site visits. In 2010, this species was not evident until the May 10 visit. Sebastopol meadowfoam was not found at the Todd Road site and was delayed in flowering by up to a month at the Alton Road Vernal Pool Reserve in 2010 compared to the previous three years.

As was previously mentioned, AES staff visited one additional reference site to view the Pitkin Marsh lily on June 29, 2009 in the morning prior to conducting the focused survey for this species. The reference site is located southeast of the intersection of Bloomfield Road and Lone Pine Road in Sonoma County, California. This species occurs along an unnamed tributary to Blucher Creek and is within the greater Cunningham Marsh. Pitkin Marsh lily Occurrence Number 3 is located at this site (CDFG, 2003).

No federal special-status plant species were observed within the project site during the floristic survey efforts. A comprehensive list of the plant species observed within the project site is included as Appendix C.

TARGET PLANT SPECIES DESCRIPTIONS Sonoma alopecurus (Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis) Grass Family (Poaceae) Federal Status – Endangered State Status – None Other – CNPS List 1B

Sonoma alopecurus is a perennial grass known for having spikelets (excluding the awns) that are less than four millimeters (mm) long and straight (as opposed to bent) awns that barely exceed the body of the lemmas by zero to two mm. It occurs in freshwater marshes and swamps and riparian scrub habitats. This species occurs at elevations that range from five to 365 meters above mean sea level. Sonoma alopecurus is identifiable from May through July. The known range of this species includes Marin and Sonoma counties. This species Critical habitat has not been designated for this species and it does not have a recovery plan. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately five miles southwest of the site (CDFG, 2003). The aquatic features within the project site and the mixed riparian habitat were considered marginally suitable habitat for this species. Sonoma alopecurus was not observed during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Sonoma sunshine (Blennosperma bakeri) Sunflower Family (Asteraceae) Federal Status – Endangered State Status – Endangered Other – CNPS List 1B

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Sonoma sunshine is an annual herb with entire lower leaves, one- to three-lobed upper leaves, and ray flowers that have dark red stigmas. It occurs in mesic areas within valley and foothill grassland and vernal pool habitats at elevations from ten to 110 meters above mean sea level. This species is identifiable when flowering from March through May. Sonoma sunshine is endemic to Sonoma County. Critical habitat has not been designated for this species and it does not have a recovery plan. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately five miles southeast of the project site (CDFG, 2003). As previously discussed, a reference population of this species was observed at the Todd Road location. The aquatic features and the annual grassland habitat within the project site were considered suitable habitat for this species. Sonoma sunshine was not observed on-site during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate bloom window for this species.

Salt marsh owl’s clover (Castilleja ambigua ssp. ambigua) Snapdragon Family (Scrophulariaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS 4.2

Salt marsh owl’s clover is a many-branched, decumbent annual 10 to 30 centimeters high with yellow- tipped bracts. It is found in coastal bluff scrub, coastal prairie, coastal scrub, marshes and swamps, valley and foothill grassland, and vernal pool margins. It is identifiable from May to November. It has been documented at elevations of 0 to 435 meters above mean sea level, in Alameda, Contra Costa, Del Norte, Humboldt, Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Santa Cruz, San Francisco (unverified), San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, Sonoma, as well as Oregon and Washington. This species is not documented within the CNDDB; however, CNPS recommends that List 3 and List 4 plant species be considered because their status may change and other local and/or regional regulations may require evaluation. The project site provides potential habitat for this species within the grassland habitats on site. Salt marsh owl’s clover was not observed on the project site during the biological surveys.

Pappose tarplant (Centromadia parryi ssp. parryi) Sunflower Family (Asteraceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS 1B

Pappose tarplant is an annual with radiate heads, phyllaries in one series subtending the ray flowers and the yellow ray and disc flowers have yellow anthers. It generally occurs in alkaline soils in chaparral, coastal prairie, meadows and seeps, marshes and swamps (coastal salt), and valley and foothill grassland habitats that are vernally mesic. It is identifiable from May to October. Extant records exist in Alameda, Contra Costa, Monterey, Santa Clara, San Luis Obispo and San Mateo counties at elevations from two to

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420 meters above mean sea level. It is considered extirpated in Santa Cruz and Solano counties. The nearest CNDDB record is a record from 1938 along Petrified Forest Road (Occurrence Number 16), approximately 12 miles east of the project site greater than five miles from the project site. Appropriate habitat exists on site for this plant in chaparral and grassland habitats on site. It is referred to as Hemizonia parryi ssp. parryi in the Jepson Manual of the Higher Plants of California (1993). The biological surveys were conducted within the evident and identifiable period for pappose tarplant. Pappose tarplant was not observed during the biological surveys.

Dwarf downingia (Downingia pusilla) Bellflower Family (Campanulaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS List 2

Dwarf downingia is a small annual herb that is noted for having relatively small (approximately 2.5 to seven millimeters), solid white or slightly blue-tinged corollas with narrowly triangular lobes. The upper corolla lip is three-lobed and the flowers do not invert. Dwarf downingia occurs in mesic areas within valley and foothill grassland and vernal pool habitats at elevations that range from one to 445 meters above mean sea level. This species is identifiable from March through May. The known range of dwarf downingia includes Fresno, Merced, Napa, Placer, Sacramento, San Joaquin, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, and Yuba counties. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately one mile north of the project site (CDFG, 2003). The aquatic features and the annual grassland within the project site are considered suitable habitats for this species. Dwarf downingia was not observed on the project site during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

California bottlebrush grass (Elymus californicus) Grass Family (Poaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS 4.3

California bottlebrush grass is a perennial bunchgrass that is distinguished from other species in the genus by its lack of glumes. It is found in broadleaf upland forest, cismontane woodland, North Coast coniferous forest, and riparian woodland. It is identifiable from May to August. California bottlebrush is known to occur at elevations of 15 to 470 meters above mean sea level in Marin, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, Sonoma counties. This species is not documented within the CNDDB; however, CNPS recommends that List 3 and List 4 plant species be considered because their status may change and other local and/or regional regulations may require evaluation. The project site provides potential habitat for this species

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within the oak and riparian woodland habitats on site. California bottlebrush grass was not observed during the biological surveys.

Fragrant fritillary (Fritillaria liliacea) Lily Family (Liliaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS List 1B

Fragrant fritillary is a bulbous perennial herb distinguished by having more than four alternate, linear to ovate (as opposed to sickle-shaped) leaves and obscure nectaries. The petals are characteristically white with faint green stripes. This species occurs in cismontane woodland, coastal prairie, coastal scrub, and valley and foothill grassland habitats at elevations from three to 410 meters above mean sea level. It has an affinity for serpentine soil types. This species blooms from February through April. The known range of fragrant fritillary includes Alameda, Contra Costa, Monterey, Marin, San Benito, Santa Clara, San Francisco, San Mateo, Solano, and Sonoma counties. The nearest documented occurrence of fragrant fritillary is located approximately 4 miles northwest of the project site (CDFG, 2003). The oak woodland and annual grassland within the project site are considered suitable habitats for this species. Fragrant fritillary was not observed on the project site during the surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Seaside Tarplant (Hemizonia congesta ssp. congesta) Sunflower Family (Asteraceae) Federal Status – none State Status – none Other – CNPS List 1B

Seaside tarplant, also known as pale yellow hayfield tarplant, is a soft-hairy annual herb noted for having beakless ray achenes, yellow corollas, and chaff scales scattered throughout, more or less fused at the base. This species occurs in coastal prairie and valley and foothill grassland habitats, as well as along roadsides, at elevations from 20 to 560 meters above mean sea level. The known range of this tarplant includes Mendocino, Marin, San Francisco, San Mateo and Sonoma counties. This species blooms from April through November. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is in Pitkin Marsh, within 0.5 mile southeast of the project site (CDFG, 2003). Vernally mesic areas within grassland habitats on the project site provide suitable habitat for this species, but these areas are not proposed for development. Seaside tarplant was not observed in or adjacent to the proposed POUs during the field surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification.

Burke’s goldfields (Lasthenia burkei) Aster Family (Asteraceae)

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Federal Status – Endangered State Status – Endangered Other – CNPS List 1B

Burke’s goldfields are annual herbs known for having an unusual pappus that is composed of one long awn and several short scales. This species occurs in a variety of mesic habitats including meadows, seeps, and vernal pools at elevations that range from 15 to 600 meters above mean sea level. It is identifiable from April through June. The known range of Burke’s goldfields includes Lake, Mendocino, Napa, and Sonoma counties. Critical habitat has not been designated for this species and it does not have a recovery plan. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately a quarter mile east of the project site (CDFG, 2003). As previously discussed, a reference population of this species was observed at the Alton Road Vernal Pool Preserve. The aquatic features within the project site are considered suitable habitat for this species. Burke’s goldfields were not observed on the project site during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Legenere (Legenere limosa) Bellflower Family (Campanulaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS List 1B

Legenere is an annual, reclining herb with white petals either inconspicuous or lacking completely. This species can be identified from April through June. It can be found in vernal pools, sloughs, and ephemeral stock ponds at elevations of one to 880 meters above mean sea level. It has been documented in Alameda, Lake, Napa, Placer, Sacramento, Santa Clara, Shasta, San Joaquin, San Mateo, Solano, Sonoma, Stanislaus Tehama, and Yuba counties. The aquatic features within the project site are considered suitable habitat for this species. Legenere was not observed during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Bristly leptosiphon (Leptosiphon acicularis; old name: Linanthus acicularis) Phlox Family (Polemoniaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS 4.2

Bristly leptosiphon is a hairy annual herb to 15 centimeters tall, with head-like inflorescence containing yellow, sessile flowers. It is found in Chaparral, cismontane woodland, coastal prairie, and Valley and foothill grassland, and is identifiable from April through July. It is known to occur at elevations of 55 to 1,500 meters in Alameda, Butte, Fresno, Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Santa Clara, San

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Mateo, and Sonoma counties. This species is not documented within the CNDDB; however, CNPS recommends that List 3 and List 4 plant species be considered because their status may change and other local and/or regional regulations may require evaluation. The project site provides potential habitat for this species within the oak woodland and grassland habitats on site. Bristly leptosiphon was not observed during the biological surveys.

Pitkin Marsh lily (Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense) Lily Family (Liliaceae) Federal Status – Endangered State Status – Endangered Other – CNPS List 1B

Pitkin Marsh lily is a bulbiferous herb distinguished by a pendant, nodding inflorescence, whorled leaves, and a preference for moist, marshy habitats. It has two-toned perianth segments that are typically yellow toward the center and darker red at the tips. The magenta-colored anthers are typically between six and 11 millimeters long. The pollen is red or brownish-orange and the bulb scales generally have two segments. It can be found in cismontane woodland, meadows and seeps, and freshwater marshes and swamps on mesic, sandy soils at elevations from 35 to 65 meters above mean sea level. This species blooms from June through July. Pitkin Marsh lily occurs exclusively in Sonoma County and is known from only three occurrences near the town of Sebastopol (CDFG, 2003). Critical habitat has not been designated for this species and it does not have a recovery plan. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately three miles southeast of the project site (CDFG, 2003). As previously discussed, a reference population of this species was observed prior to conducting the field survey. The perennial drainage within the project site is considered suitable habitat for this species. Pitkin Marsh lily was not observed within the project site during the floristic survey, which was conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Redwood lily (Lilium rubescens) Lily Family (Liliaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS 4.2

This species is a perennial lily with horizontal to erect white flowers. It can occur in broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, lower montane coniferous forest, North Coast coniferous forest, and upper montane coniferous forest, in volcanic or serpentinite soils, sometimes roadsides. It is generally identifiable from April to August, and sometimes September. Redwood lily is known to occur in Del Norte, Glenn, Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Santa Cruz (may be extirpated), Shasta, Siskiyou, Sonoma, and Trinity counties at elevations from 30 to 1,750 meters. This species is not documented within the CNDDB; however, CNPS recommends that List 3 and List 4 plant species be considered because their

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status may change and other local and/or regional regulations may require evaluation. The project site provides potential habitat for this species within the oak woodland and grassland habitats on site. Redwood lily was not observed during the biological surveys.

Sebastopol meadowfoam (Limnanthes vinculans) Meadowfoam Family (Limnanthaceae) Federal Status – Endangered State Status – Endangered Other – CNPS List 1B

Sebastopol meadowfoam is an annual herb differentiated from other species in the genus by its stamens, petals, and leaflets. The stamens of this species are approximately five to eight millimeters long and the petals are approximately ten to 18 millimeters long. The petals reflex (i.e., curve outward) as the fruit matures. Sebastopol meadowfoam also tends to have between three to five leaflets that are entire (as opposed to toothed or lobed). It can occur in meadows and seeps, valley and foothill grassland, vernal pools, and other mesic areas at elevations that range from 30 to 305 meters above mean sea level. This species blooms from April through May. The known range of Sebastopol meadowfoam includes Napa and Sonoma counties. However, the occurrence and status of this species within Napa County is considered uncertain. Critical habitat has not been designated for this species and it does not have a recovery plan. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately three miles southeast of the project site (CDFG, 2003). As previously discussed, reference populations of this species were observed at both the Todd Road site and the Alton Road Vernal Pool Preserve. The aquatic features and the annual grassland within the project site are considered suitable habitats for this species. Sebastopol meadowfoam was not observed within the project site during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Harlequin lotus (Lotus formosissimus) Legume family (Fabaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS 4.2

Harlequin lotus is a perennial with scarious triangular stipules and multicolored yellow pink and purple flowers. It can occur in broadleaf upland forest, coastal bluff scrub, closed cone coniferous forest, cismontane woodland, coastal prairie, coastal scrub, meadows and seeps, marshes and swamps, North Coast coniferous forest, and in valley and foothill grassland from sea level to 700 meters elevation. It is often associated with wetlands, but it can also be found on roadsides. The period of identification is March through July. It is known to occur in Del Norte, Humboldt, Mendocino, Monterey, Marin, San Benito, Santa Cruz, San Francisco, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, and Sonoma counties, as well as Oregon and Washington. This species is not documented within the CNDDB; however, CNPS recommends that

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List 3 and List 4 plant species be considered because their status may change and other local and/or regional regulations may require evaluation. The project site provides potential habitat for this species within the oak woodland and grassland habitats on site. Harlequin lotus was observed within at least one wetland area of parcels surveyed prior to 2010. This species will not be impacted by the proposed development because it occurs within protected wetland areas that will not be disturbed.

Marsh microseris (Microseris paludosa) Aster Family (Asteraceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS List 1B

Marsh microseris is a perennial herb noted for having linear to lanceolate outer phyllaries, which often have a mealy or black-hairy appearance, and for having a pappus of scales that are approximately two to four millimeters long. The bristle portion of the pappus often appears brown in color. It can be found in closed-cone coniferous forest, cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, and valley and foothill grassland habitats at elevations that range from five to 300 meters above mean sea level. This species blooms from April through June, and can extend through into July. The known range of this species includes Mendocino, Monterey, Marin, San Benito, Santa Cruz, San Francisco, San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, and Sonoma counties. Marsh mircroseris may be extirpated from San Francisco and San Mateo counties. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately 1.75 miles north of the project site (CDFG, 2003). The mixed oak woodland and the annual grassland habitats within the project site are considered suitable for this species. Marsh microseris was not observed within the project site during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Baker’s navarretia (Navarretia leucocephala ssp. bakeri) Phlox Family (Polemoniaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS List 1B

Baker’s navarretia is an annual herb differentiated from the other subspecies by its white corollas that are greater than or equal to the calyx, calyx lobes that are generally entire, ascending branches, and generally erect stems. It can be found in mesic regions within cismontane woodland, lower montane coniferous forest, and valley and foothill grassland habitats. It also occurs in meadows, seeps, and vernal pools at elevations that range from five to 1,740 meters above mean sea level. This species blooms from April through July. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately 1.25 miles north of the project site (CDFG, 2003). The mixed oak woodland, annual grassland, and aquatic features within the project site are considered suitable habitats for this species. Baker’s navarretia was not

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observed within the project site during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Many-flowered navarretia (Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha) Phlox Family (Polemoniaceae) Federal Status – Endangered State Status – Endangered Other – CNPS List 1B

Many flowered navarretia is an annual herb that occurs in vernal pool habitats. Many-flowered navarretia (like Baker’s navarretia) is differentiated from the other subspecies because it has a corolla that is greater than or equal to the calyx and calyx lobes that are generally entire (as opposed to toothed). However, this subspecies (ssp. plieantha) has low, spreading branches (as opposed to erect and ascending), and blue- tinged corollas. This species has an affinity for volcanic ash flow-derived soils. It occurs at elevations from 30 to 650 meters above mean sea level and it blooms from May through June. This species is found only in Lake and Sonoma counties. Critical habitat has not been designated for this species. However, it is included in the Recovery Plan for Vernal Pool Ecosystems of California and Oregon (USFWS, 2005). There are only two occurrences in Sonoma County and five in Lake County, representing the entire geographic range of the species. The nearest documented occurrence of this species is located approximately 2.5 miles southeast of the project site (Occurrence No. 9; CDFG, 2003). This occurrence may be hybridizing with subspecies leucocephala (CDFG, 2003). The other Sonoma County record (Occurrence No. 10) is contained within a gated community to which we could not gain access. The aquatic features (i.e., seasonal wetlands) within the project site are considered marginally suitable habitat for this species. Many-flowered navarretia was not observed within the project site during the floristic surveys, which were conducted within the appropriate period of identification for this species.

Gairdner’s yampah (Perideridia gairdneri ssp. gairdneri) Carrot Family (Apiaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS List 4.3; Napa County Locally Rare

Gairdner’s yampah is characterized by tuberous fusiform roots, cauline leaves that are linear and once- to twice-pinnate or ternate, and whitish flowers borne on umbels lacking bracts. This species is identifiable from June through October. It is found in moist soil of flats, meadows, streamsides, grasslands, and pine groves, including broadleaved upland forest, chaparral, coastal prairie, valley and foothill grassland and vernal pools. It can be found at elevations of up to 365 meters above mean sea level. The range of Gairdner’s yampah includes Contra Costa, Kern, Marin, Mendocino, Monterey, Napa, San Benito, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Luis Obispo, Solano and Sonoma counties. It may be locally abundant in some northern California counties. It may be extirpated in Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego and San Mateo

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counties. This species is not documented within the CNDDB; however, CNPS recommends that List 3 and List 4 plant species be considered because their status may change and other local and/or regional regulations may require evaluation. The project site provides potential habitat for this species within the oak woodland and grassland habitats on site. Gairdner’s yampah was not observed during the biological surveys.

Lobb’s aquatic buttercup (Ranunculus lobbii) Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae) Federal Status – None State Status – None Other – CNPS 4.2

Lobb’s aquatic buttercup is the only annual submersed aquatic buttercup in California. It can occur in Cismontane woodland, North Coast coniferous forest, valley and foothill grassland, within shallow vernal pools, swales and other shallow wetlands, even along roadsides. It has been found at elevations from 15 to 470 meters above sea level. The period of identification is February through May. It is known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Santa Cruz (may be extirpated), San Mateo (may be extirpated), Solano, and Sonoma counties, as well as Oregon. This species is not documented within the CNDDB; however, CNPS recommends that List 3 and List 4 plant species be considered because their status may change and other local and/or regional regulations may require evaluation. The project site provides potential habitat for this species within the aquatic habitats on site. Lobb’s aquatic buttercup was observed within at least one wetland area of parcels surveyed prior to 2010. This species will not be impacted by the proposed development because it occurs within protected wetland areas that will not be disturbed.

5.0 SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS

On behalf of the Lytton Tribe, AES has conducted a series of botanical surveys throughout the approximately 124.12-acre Lytton residential development project site. AES determined that the project site contains potentially suitable habitat for ten regionally occurring special-status species. The target species for the floristic surveys include: Sonoma alopecurus, Sonoma sunshine, pappose tarplant, dwarf downingia, fragrant fritillary, seaside tarplant, legenere, Burke’s goldfields, Pitkin Marsh lily, Sebastopol meadowfoam, marsh microseris, Baker’s navarretia, and many-flowered navarretia. Surveys were comprehensive, and all species encountered were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level. AES also targeted CNPS List 3 and 4 species not covered under FESA or CEQA, but that may have the potential in the future to be listed, including Johnny-nip, California bottlebrush grass, bristly leptosiphon, redwood lily, harlequin lotus, Gairdner’s yampah, and Lobb’s aquatic ranunculus. Only two CNPS 4.2 plants were observed within the project site during surveys predating 2010. Survey protocols followed those required for federal listed species that occur within the Santa Rosa Plain Conservation Strategy Area (surveys for Sonoma sunshine, Burke’s goldfields, Sebastopol meadowfoam, and many-flowered

Analytical Environmental Services 35 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

navarretia are required to comply with the recommended Guidelines and protocol that are included in the Conservation Strategy). The Guidelines require at least three floristic surveys for a minimum of two consecutive years to capture these special status species during periods in which they can be identified. Reference populations for these species were visited as required. AES staff has completed the required floristic surveys for two consecutive years on APNs 066-300-031, 066-300-033, 066-300-028, 066-191- 017, 066-191-018, 066-191-020, and 066-191-022 (see Figure 3). AES staff will conduct the final floristic surveys for the second required consecutive year on parcels acquired by the Tribe in 2010 on APNs 066-300-023, 066-300-017, 066-191-016, 066-191-019, 066-191-021, 066-050-040 and 066-050- 047. These latter two parcels were surveyed in June and July of 2010 with surveys to be completed by July of 2011. Following these surveys, the technical memorandum shall be updated and submitted to the USFWS.

Although no plant species listed by the federal government were found on the project site, two species of regional or local concern were found. Harlequin lotus and Lobb’s ranunculus, both CNPS List 4.2, were discovered in previous years within wetlands that will be avoided by project design. Thus, there will be no impacts on the project site to special status plant species listed by the federal government, or by the state of California or local governmental regulations. No special status species are expected in the second year of surveys on the seven APNs listed above, which will be the focus of botanical surveys during the growing season in 2011.

Analytical Environmental Services 36 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

6.0 REFERENCES Analytical Environmental Services (AES), 2011. Final Environmental Assessment for the Lytton Residential Development Project Site. Unpublished report. Sacramento, California.

AES, 2010. Lytton Residential Development Wetland Delienation Report. Unpublished Report. Sacramento, California.

AES, 2009. Environmental Assessment for the Lytton Residential Development Project Site. Unpublished report. Sacramento, California.

Best, C., (ed.), 1996. A Flora of Sonoma County. California Native Plant Society. Sacramento, California.

Brauner, E., C. Goude, C. Wilcox, J. Hicks, M. Monroe, A. Jensen, C. Ferguson, D. Schurman, K. Kaulum, C. Wasem, and J. Dranginis. 2005. Final Santa Rosa Plain Conservation Strategy. Santa Rosa, California.

California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), 2003. California Natural Diversity Database: RareFind 3, Version 3.0.5. Available online at: http://www.dfg.ca.gov/biogeodata/cnddb/rarefind.asp. Accessed on December 24, 2009.

California Native Plant Society (CNPS), 2009. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants-.Sacramento, California. Available online at: http://cnps.web.aplus.net/cgi- bin/inv/inventory.cgi/Html?item=checkbox_9.htm#q9. Last copyrighted 2008. Accessed on December 24, 2009.

County of Sonoma, 1989. General Plan. Available online at: http://www.sonoma- county.org/prmd/docs/gp/index.htm. Accessed on September 18, 2008.

Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and E.T. LaRoe, 1979. Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. Jamestown, ND: Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Online.

Hickman, J. C., 1993a. The Jepson Manual, Higher Plants of California. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

Hickman, J. C., 1993b. Jepson Online Interchange for California Floristics. University of California, Berkley, California. Accessed from http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/interchange.html.

Analytical Environmental Services 37 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys Technical Memorandum

Holland, Robert, 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. State of California, The Resource Agency Department of Fish and Game. October 1986.

Sawyer, J. O., T. Keeler-Wolf, and J. Evens, 2009. A manual of California vegetation. Second Edition. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, California.

Sonoma County Permit and Resource Planning Department, 2010. ActiveMap interactive mapping application for General Plan, land use and zoning. Available from http://www.sonoma- county.org/prmd/activemap/index.htm, last accessed August 20, 2010.

Town of Windsor, 2005. Town of Windsor General Plan, 2015. Version 1996, last revised: 2005. Available at: http://www.ci.windsor.ca.us/index.asp?NID=385. Accessed: 11 September 2008.

U. S. Department of Agriculture/Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA/NRCS), 2008. Soil Survey of Sonoma , California. Available online at: http://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/WebSoilSurvey.aspx. Last Accessed on September 17, 2008.

U. S. Department of the Interior, Geological Survey (USGS), 1978. Hydrologic Unit Map, State of California. Geological Survey. Reston, Virginia.

USGS, 1993. “Healdsburg, California” 7.5-minute Quadrangle. Geological Survey. Denver, Colorado.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), 2005. Recovery Plan for Vernal Pool Ecosystems of California and Oregon.

USFWS, 2007. Programmatic Biological Opinion for U.S. Army Corps (Corps) of Engineers Permitted Projects that May Affect California Tiger Salamander and Three Endangered Plant Species on the Santa Rosa Plain, California (Corps File Number 223420N). Sacramento, California.

USFWS, 2009. Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, Endangered Species Program. Available online at: http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm. Accessed on December 24, 2009.

Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC), 2007. Available online at: http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/. Accessed on September 17, 2008.

Analytical Environmental Services 38 Lytton Residential Development Project October 2010 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys APPENDIX A

USFWS, CNDDB, AND CNPS SCIENTIFIC DATABASE QUERIES Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 1 of 8

County Lists Sonoma County Listed Species Invertebrates Haliotes cracherodii black abalone (E) (NMFS)

Haliotes sorenseni http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 3 of 8

white abalone (E) (NMFS)

Speyeria zerene behrensii Behren's silverspot butterfly (E)

Speyeria zerene myrtleae Myrtle's silverspot butterfly (E)

Syncaris pacifica California freshwater shrimp (E)

Fish Acipenser medirostris green sturgeon (T) (NMFS)

Eucyclogobius newberryi critical habitat, tidewater goby (X) tidewater goby (E)

Oncorhynchus kisutch coho salmon - central CA coast (E) (NMFS) Critical habitat, coho salmon - central CA coast (X) (NMFS)

Amphibians Ambystoma californiense California tiger salamander, Sonoma Co. pop (E)

Rana aurora draytonii California red-legged frog (T)

Reptiles Caretta caretta loggerhead turtle (T) (NMFS) http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 4 of 8

Chelonia mydas (incl. agassizi) green turtle (T) (NMFS)

Dermochelys coriacea leatherback turtle (E) (NMFS)

Lepidochelys olivacea olive (=Pacific) ridley sea turtle (T) (NMFS)

Birds Brachyramphus marmoratus Critical habitat, marbled murrelet (X) marbled murrelet (T)

Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus western snowy plover (T)

Diomedea albatrus short-tailed albatross (E)

Pelecanus occidentalis californicus California brown pelican (E)

Rallus longirostris obsoletus California clapper rail (E)

Strix occidentalis caurina northern spotted owl (T)

Mammals Arctocephalus townsendi Guadalupe fur seal (T) (NMFS)

Balaenoptera borealis sei whale (E) (NMFS)

Balaenoptera musculus blue whale (E) (NMFS)

Balaenoptera physalus finback (=fin) whale (E) (NMFS)

Eubalaena (=Balaena) glacialis right whale (E) (NMFS)

http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 5 of 8

Eumetopias jubatus Steller (=northern) sea-lion (T) (NMFS)

Megaptera novaeangliae humpback whale (E) (NMFS)

Physeter catodon (=macrocephalus) sperm whale (E) (NMFS)

Reithrodontomys raviventris salt marsh harvest mouse (E)

Plants Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis Sonoma alopecurus (E)

Astragalus clarianus Clara Hunt's milk-vetch (E)

Blennosperma bakeri Baker's stickyseed [=Sonoma Sunshine] (E)

Carex albida white sedge (E)

Clarkia imbricata Vine Hill clarkia (E)

Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. capillaris Pennell's bird's-beak (E)

Delphinium bakeri Critical habitat, Baker's larkspur (X)

Delphinium luteum Critical habitat, yellow larkspur (X) yellow larkspur (E)

Eryngium constancei Loch Lomond coyote-thistle (=button-celery) (E)

Lasthenia burkei Burke's goldfields (E)

Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 6 of 8

Pitkin Marsh lily (E)

Limnanthes vinculans Sebastopol meadowfoam (E)

Lupinus tidestromii clover lupine [Tidestrom's lupine] (E)

Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha many-flowered navarretia (E)

Sidalcea oregana ssp. valida Kenwood Marsh checkermallow (=checkerbloom) (E)

Proposed Species Amphibians Rana aurora draytonii Critical habitat, California red-legged frog (PX)

Key:

(X) Critical Habitat designated for this species

The animals on your species list are ones that occur within, or may be affected by projects within, the quads covered by the list.

Fish and other aquatic species appear on your list if they are in the same watershed as your quad or if water use in your quad might affect them.

Amphibians will be on the list for a quad or county if pesticides applied in that area may be carried to their habitat by air currents.

http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Office Species List Page 8 of 8

http://www.fws.gov/sacramento/es/spp_lists/auto_list.cfm 12/24/2009 California Department of Fish and Game Natural Diversity Database Selected Elements by Scientific Name - Portrait

CDFG or Scientific Name/Common Name Element Code Federal Status State Status GRank SRank CNPS

CNPS Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants

http://www.northcoastcnps.org/cgi-bin/inv/inventory.cgi/BasketShowx?format=1&editable=1 12/24/2009 CNPS Inventory: Plant Press Manager window with 71 items Page 2 of 7

http://www.northcoastcnps.org/cgi-bin/inv/inventory.cgi/BasketShowx?format=1&editable=1 12/24/2009 CNPS Inventory: Plant Press Manager window with 71 items Page 3 of 7

http://www.northcoastcnps.org/cgi-bin/inv/inventory.cgi/BasketShowx?format=1&editable=1 12/24/2009 CNPS Inventory: Plant Press Manager window with 71 items Page 5 of 7

http://www.northcoastcnps.org/cgi-bin/inv/inventory.cgi/BasketShowx?format=1&editable=1 12/24/2009 APPENDIX B

REGIONALLY OCCURRING SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES TABLE APPENDIX B

REGIONALLY OCCURRING SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES FOR THE LYTTON RESIDENTIAL PROJECT SITE FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Plants Alopecurus aequalis var. FE/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Marshes and swamps (freshwater) and riparian May - July Yes. The aquatic habitats within the sonomensis counties. scrub. Elevations: 5 to 365 meters. project site are considered suitable Sonoma alopecurus habitat for this species. Amorpha californica var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Monterey, Marin, Napa, Broadleaf upland forest (openings), chaparral, April - July No. The project site is outside the napensis and Sonoma counties. and cismontane woodland. Elevations: 120 to known range of elevation for this Napa false indigo 2,000 meters. species. Anomobryum julaceum --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Butte, Contra Costa, Broadleaf upland forest, lower montane Year Round No. Suitable habitat for this species slender silver moss Humboldt, Los Angeles, Mariposa, Santa coniferous forest, and North Coast coniferous does not occur within the project Barbara, Santa Cruz, and Sonoma counties. forest (on or around damp rock outcrops and site. The project site is outside the usually in roadcuts). Elevations: 100 to 1,000 known range of elevation for this meters. species. No. Arctostaphylos bakeri ssp. --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Brodleaf upland forest and chaparral (often February - April The project site is outside the bakeri serpentinite). Elevations: 75 to 300 meters. very limited geographical range of Baker’s manzanita this species, which is found within the Camp Meeker Quad, between Occidental and Forestville only. The project site also is just outside the known elevation range for this species and there are no serpentinite soils. Arctostaphylos bakeri spp. --/CR/1B.2 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Closed cone coniferous forest and chaparral February - May No. Suitable habitat for this species sublaevis (serpentinite seeps). Elevations: 185 to 760 does not occur within the project The Cedars manzanita meters. site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Arctostaphylos canescens ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Humboldt, Lake, Chaparral and lower montane coniferous forest January - April (June) Suitable habitat for this species sonomensis Mendocino, Sonoma, Tehama, and Trinity (sometimes serpentinite). Elevations: 180 to does not occur within the project Sonoma canescent counties. 1,675 meters. site. The project site is outside the manzanita known range of elevation for this species. Arctostaphylos densiflora --/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Chaparral on acid marine sand. Elevations: 50 February - April No. Suitable habitat for this species Vine Hill manzanita to 120 meters. does not occur within the project site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 1 Technical Memorandum FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Arctostaphylos manzanita --/--/1B.3 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Chaparral, cismontane woodland and lower March - May No. The project site is outside the spp. elegans Napa, Sonoma, and Tehama counties. montane coniferous forest (volcanic). known range of elevation for this Konocti manzanita Elevations: 395 to 1,615. species. Acrtostaphylos stanfordiana --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Chaparral (rhyolitic) and cismontane woodland. February - April No. This species has been found in ssp decumbens Elevations: 75 to 370 meters. association with red rhyolitic soils in Rincon Ridge manzanita chaparral and basalt-derived gravelly silt loam in coastal prairie and cismontane woodland (CDFG, 2003). These soil and habitat combinations are not found on the project site. The project site also is just outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Astragalus claranus FE/CT/1B.1 Known to occur in Napa and Sonoma Chaparral (openings), cismontane woodland, March - May The project site does not Clara Hunt’s milk-vetch counties. and Valley and foothill grassland (serpentinite or contain appropriate soils to support volcanic, rocky, and clay). Elevations: 75 to his species. The project site also is 275 meters. just outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Astragalus rattanii var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Chaparral, cismontane woodland, and Valley March - June The project site is outside the jepsonianus Napa, Tehama, and Yolo counties. and foothill grassland (often serpentinite). known range of elevation for this Jepson’s milk-vetch Elevations: 90 to 700 meters. species. Known to occur in Alameda, Butte, Chaparral, cismontane woodland, Valley and No. The project site is outside the Balsamorhiza macrolepis var --/--/1B.2 Colusa, El Dorado, Lake, Mariposa, Napa, foothill grassland (sometimes serpentinite soils). known range of elevation for this macrolepis March - June Placer, Santa Clara, Solano, Sonoma, and Elevations: 90 to 1,555 meters. species. big-scale balsamroot Tehama counties. Yes. Blennosperma bakeri FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Valley and foothill grassland and vernal pools. March - May The aquatic features and the Sonoma sunshine Elevations: 10 to 110 meters. annual grassland habitat within the project site are considered suitable for this species. Brodiaea californica var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, cismontane May - July No. The project site is outside the leptandra Sonoma counties. woodland, lower montane coniferous forest, and known range of elevation for this narrow-anthered California Valley and foothill grassland (volcanic). species. brodiaea Elevations: 110 to 915 meters. Calamagrostis crassiglumis --/--/2.1 Known to occur in Del Norte, Mendocino, Coastal scrub (mesic) and marshes and swamps May - July No. No suitable habitat occurs on Thurber’s reed grass Marin, and Sonoma counties. (freshwater). Elevations: 10 to 45 meters. the project site.

No. Calystegia collina ssp. --/--/4.3 Known to occur in Lake, Mendocino, Chaparral, lower montane coniferous forest, and April - June There are no serpentinite soils o yphylla Marin, Napa, San Benito, and Sonoma Valley and foothill grassland (serpentinite). on the project site, and it is outside Mt. Saint Helena morning- counties. Elevations: 279 to 1,010 meters. the known range of elevation for this glory species.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 2 Technical Memorandum FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Campanula californica --/--1B.2 Known to occur in Mendocino, Marin, Bogs and fens, closedtocone coniferous forest, June - October No. There is no suitable habitat on swamp harebell Santa Cruz, and Sonoma counties. coastal prairie, meadows and seeps, marshes and the project site. swamps (freshwater), and North Coast coniferous forest (mesic). Elevations: 1 to 405 meters. No. Care albida FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Bogs and fens and marshes and swamps May - July There is no suitable habitat on white sedge (freshwater). Elevations: 15 to 90 meters. the project site. No. Care comosa --/--/2.1 Known to occur in Contra Costa, Lake, Coastal prairie, marshes and swamps (lake May - September There is no suitable habitat for bristly sedge Mendocino, Sacramento, San Bernardino margins), and Valley and foothill grassland. this species on the project site. (may be extirpated), Santa Cruz, San Elevations: 0 to 625 meters. Francisco (may be extirpated), Shasta, San Joaquin, and Sonoma counties. Also occurs in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Castilleja ambigua ssp --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Coastal bluff scrub, coastal prairie, coastal March - August Yes. The aquatic habitats within ambigua Del Norte, Humboldt, Mendocino, Marin, scrub, marshes and swamps, Valley and foothill grassland on the project site may Johnny-nip Napa, Santa Cruz , San Francisco grassland, vernal pool margins. Elevations: 0 to provide suitable habitat for this (unverified), San Luis Obispo, San Mateo, 435 meters. species. Sonoma, as well as Oregon and Washington. Castilleja uliginosa --/CE/1A Known to occur in Sonoma County. This Marshes and swamps (freshwater). Elevation: June - July No. There is no suitable habitat for Pitkin Marsh Indian species is presumed extinct. 60 meters. this species on the project site. paintbrush Ceanothus confusus --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Mendocino, Closed cone coniferous forest, chaparral, and February - June No. The project site does not Rincon Ridge ceanothus Napa, and Sonoma counties. cismontane woodland (volcanic or serpentinite). contain suitable habitat for this Elevations: 75 to 1,065 meters. species and is just outside the known range of elevation for this species. Ceanothus divergens --/--/1B2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral on rocky, serpentinite or volcanic February - March No. The project site is outside the Calistoga ceanothus Sonoma counties. soils. Elevations: 170 to 950 meters. known range of elevation for this species. Ceanothus foliosus var. --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Mendocino and Chaparral. Elevations: 45 to 305 meters. March - May No. There is no suitable habitat for vineatus Sonoma counties. this species on the project site. Vine Hill ceanothus Ceanothus purpureus --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Napa, Shasta, Solano, Chaparral and cismontane woodland (volcanic, February - June No. The project site is outside the holly-leaved ceanothus Sonoma, and Trinity counties. rocky). Elevations: 120 to 640 meters. known range of elevation for this species. Ceanothus sonomensis --/--/1B.2 Known to Napa and Sonoma counties. Chaparral (sandy, serpentinite or volcanic). February - April No. Suitable habitat for this species Sonoma ceanothus Elevation: 215 to 800 meters does not occur within the project site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 3 Technical Memorandum FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Yes. Centromadia parryi ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Butte, Colusa, Glenn, Chaparral, coastal prairie, meadows and seeps, May - November Suitable habitat for this parryi Lake, Napa, San Mateo, Solano, and marshes and swamps (coastal salt), and Valley species may be found in grasslands pappose tarplant Sonoma counties. and foothill grassland (vernally mesic/often or oak savannah on the project site, alkaline). Elevations: 2 to 420 meters. although the soils on the project site are non-alkaline. No. Chorizanthe valida FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Coastal prairie (sandy). Elevations: 10 to 305 June - August Suitable habitat for this species Sonoma spineflower (may be extirpated) counties. meters. does not occur within the project site. No. Clarkia imbricata FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Chaparral and Valley and foothill grassland June - August Acidic sandy loams do not Vine Hill clarkia (acidic sandy loam). Elevations: 50 to 75 occur on the project site. meters. No. Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. FE/CR/1B.2 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Closed cone coniferous forest and chaparral June - September Suitable habitat for this species capillaris (serpentinite). Elevations: 45 to 305 meters. does not occur within the project Pennell’s bird’s-beak site. Cryptanttha clevlandii var. --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Mendocino, Napa Chaparral on serpentinite soils. Elevations: 395 April - June No. Suitable habitat for this species dissita and Sonoma counties. to 580 meters. does not occur within the project serpentinite cryptantha site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Delphinium bakeri FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Broadleafed upland forest, coastal scrub, and March - May The project site does not Baker’s larkspur counties (may be extirpated). Valley and foothill grassland (decomposed contain suitable soils to support this shale, often mesic). Elevations: 80 to 305 species. meters. No. Delphinium luteum FE/CR/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Chaparral, coastal prairie, and Coastal March - May Suitable habitat for this species yellow (golden) larkspur counties. scrub/rocky. Elevations: 0 to 100 meters. does not occur within the project site. Yes. Downingia pusilla --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Fresno, Merced, Napa, Valley and foothill grassland (mesic) and vernal March - May The aquatic features within the dwarf downingia Placer, Sacramento, San Joaquin, Solano, pools. Elevations: 1 to 445 meters. project site are suitable habitat for Sonoma, Stanislaus, Tehama, and Yuba this species. counties. Also occurs in South America. Yes. Elymus californicus --/--/4.3 Known to occur in Marin, Santa Cruz, San Broadleaf upland forest, cismontane woodland, May - August The drainages within California bottlebrush grass Mateo, Sonoma counties. North Coast coniferous forest, woodlands within the project site riparian woodland. Elevations: 15 to 470 may provide suitable habitat for this meters. species. No. Erigeron bioletti --/--/3 Known to occur in Humboldt, Mendocino, Broadleaf upland forest, cismontane woodland, June - October The deep sandy loam soils on streamside daisy Marin, Napa, Solano, and Sonoma and North Coast coniferous forest (rocky, the project site are not sufficiently counties. mesic). Elevations: 30 to 1,100 meters. rocky to support this species. Erigeron greenei --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral (serpentinite or volcanic soils). May - September No. Suitable habitat for this species Greene’s narrow-leaved daisy Sonoma counties. Elevations: 80 to 1,005 meters. does not occur within the project site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 4 Technical Memorandum FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Erigeron serpentinus --/--/1B.3 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Chaparral (serpentinite, seeps). Elevations: 60 May - August No. Suitable habitat for this species serpentine daisy to 670 meters. does not occur within the project site. No. Eriogonum nervulosum --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Chaparral (serpentine). Elevations: 300 to 2,105 June - September Suitable habitat for this species Snow Mountain buckwheat Napa, Sonoma, and Yolo counties. meters. does not occur within the project site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Eryngium constancei FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Vernal pools. Elevations: 460 to 855 meters. April - June The project site is outside the Loch Lomond coyote-thistle Sonoma counties. known range of elevation for this species. Yes. Fritillaria liliacea --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Cismontane woodland, coastal prairie, coastal February - April The mixed oak woodland and fragrant fritillary Monterey, Marin, San Benito, Santa Clara, scrub, and Valley and foothill grasslands (often annual grassland within the project San Francisco, San Mateo, Solano, and serpentinite). Elevations: 3 to 410 meters. site are suitable habitats for this Sonoma counties. species. No. Gilia capitata ssp. tomentosa --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Marin and Sonoma Coastal bluff scrub (rocky outcrops). May - July Suitable habitat for this species bluehead gilia (may be extirpated) counties. Elevations: 15 to 155 meters. does not occur within the project site. Yes. Hemizonia congesta ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Marin, Mendocino, San Valley and foothill grasslands (sometimes April - November The annual grassland within congesta Francisco, and Sonoma counties. roadsides). Elevations: 20 to 560 meters. the project site is suitable habitat for seaside tarplant/pale yellow this species. hayfield tarplant No. Hesperolinon bicarpellatum --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral (serpentinite). Elevations: 60 to 1,005 May - July Suitable habitat for this species two-carpellate western flax Sonoma counties. does not occur within the project site. No. Horkelia tenuiloba --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Mendocino, Marin, and Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, and Valley May - July The soils on the project site are thin-lobed horkelia Sonoma counties. and foothill grassland (mesic, openings, sandy). not sufficiently sandy to support this Elevations: 50 to 500 meters. species. Yes. Lasthenia burkei FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Lake, Mendocino, Meadows and seeps (mesic) and vernal pools. April - June The aquatic features within the Burke’s goldfields Napa, and Sonoma counties. Elevations: 15 to 600 meters. project site are suitable habitat for this species. Lasthenia californica ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Mendocino, Marin and Closed cone coniferous forest (openings), April - October No. Suitable habitat for this species bakeri Sonoma counties. coastal scrub, meadows and seeps, marshes and does not occur within the project Baker’s goldfields swamps. Elevations: 60 to 520 meters. site. Yes. Legenere limosa --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Alameda, Lake, Napa, Vernal pools, sloughs ephemeral stock ponds April - June Some aquatic features in the legenere Placer, Sacramento, Santa Clara, Shasta, (CDFG, 2003). Elevations: 1 to 880 meters. grasslands contain marginal habitat San Joaquin, San Mateo, Solano, Sonoma, for this species on the project site. Stanislaus Tehama, and Yuba counties.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 5 Technical Memorandum FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Leptosiphon acicularis --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Butte, Contra Chaparral, cismontane woodland, coastal prairie, April - July Yes. Grasslands on the project site Bristly leptosiphon Costa (unverified), Fresno, Humboldt, and Valley and foothill grassland. Elevations: contain suitable habitat for this Lake, Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Santa 55 to 1,500 meters. species on the project site. Clara, San Mateo, and Sonoma counties. Leptosiphon jepsonii --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral and cismontane woodland (usually March - May No. The project site is outside the Jepson’s leptosiphon Sonoma counties. volcanic). Elevations: 100 to 500 meters. known range of elevation for this species. No. Lessingia arachnoidea --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in San Mateo and Sonoma Cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, Valley and July - October Suitable habitat for this species Crystal Springs lessingia counties. foothill grassland (serpentinite, often roadsides). does not occur within the project Elevations: 60 to 200 meters. site. No. Lessingia hololeuca --/--/3 Known to occur in Alameda, Monterey, Broadleaf upland forest, coastal scrub, lower June - October Suitable habitat for this species woolly-headed lessingia Marin, Napa, Santa Clara, San Mateo, montane coniferous forest, and Valley and does not occur within the project Solano, Sonoma, and Yolo counties. foothill grassland (clay, serpentinite). site. Elevations: 15 to 305 meters. Yes. Lilium pardalinum ssp. FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Cismontane woodland, meadows and seeps, and June - July The aquatic features within pitkinense marshes and swamps (freshwater, mesic, sandy). woodlands on the project site are Pitkin Marsh lily Elevations: 35 to 65 meters. suitable habitats for this species. Yes. Lilium rubescens --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Del Norte, Glenn, Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, lower April - August The woodlands within the Redwood lily Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Santa montane coniferous forest, North Coast project site provide suitable habitat Cruz*, Shasta, Siskiyou, Sonoma, and coniferous forest, upper montane coniferous for this species. Trinity counties. forest/sometimes serpentinite, sometimes roadsides. Elevations: 30 to 1,750 meters. Yes. Limnanthes vinculans FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Napa and Sonoma Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill April - May The aquatic features and the Sebastopol meadowfoam counties. grassland, and vernal pools (vernally mesic). annual grassland habitat within the Elevations: 15 to 305 meters. project site are suitable for this species. Yes. Lotus formosissimus --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Del Norte, Humboldt, Broadleaf upland forest, coastal bluff scrub, March - July The aquatic features within the Harlequin lotus Mendocino, Monterey, Marin, San Benito, closed cone coniferous forest, cismontane grasslands and woodlands within the Santa Cruz, San Francisco, San Luis woodland, coastal prairie, coastal scrub, project site are suitable for this Obispo, San Mateo, and Sonoma counties, meadows and seeps, marshes and swamps, species. This species was observed as well as Oregon and Washington. North Coast coniferous forest, Valley and within a wetland area of parcels foothill grassland/wetlands, roadsides. surveyed prior to 2010. Elevations: 0 to 700 meters. No. Lupinus sericatus --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Colusa, Lake, Napa, Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, Cismontane March - June The project site is outside the Cobb Mountain lupine and Sonoma counties. woodland, and Lower montane coniferous known range of elevation for this forest. Elevations: 275 to 1,525 meters. species. No. Lupinus tidestromii FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Monterey, Marin, and Coastal dunes. Elevations: 0 to 100 meters. April - June Suitable habitat for this species Tidestrom’s lupine Sonoma counties. does not occur within the project site.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 6 Technical Memorandum FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS No. Mertensia bella --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Siskiyou and Sonoma Meadows and seeps and upper montane May - July The project site is outside the Oregon lungwort counties. coniferous forest (mesic). Elevations: 1,500 to known range of elevation for this 2,000 meters. species. No. Micropus amphibolus --/--/3.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Chaparral, cismontane woodland, and Valley March - May The relatively deep, gravelly- Mount Diablo cottonweed Colusa, Lake, Monterey, Marin, Napa, and foothill grassland (rocky). Elevations: 45 to sandy loam soils on the project site Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, 825 meters. are not appropriate for this species. San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, Solano, and Sonoma counties. Yes. Microseris paludosa --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Mendocino, Monterey, Closed cone coniferous forest, cismontane April - June (July) The mixed oak woodland and marsh microseris Marin, San Benito, Santa Cruz, San woodland, coastal scrub, and Valley and foothill annual grassland habitats within the Francisco (may be extirpated), San Luis grassland. Elevations: 5 to 300 meters. project site are suitable for this Obispo, San Mateo (may be extirpated), species. and Sonoma counties. No. Monardella villosa ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Broadleaf upland forest (openings), chaparral, June - July (August) The project site is outside the globosa Humboldt, Lake, Mendocino, Napa, Santa cismontane woodland, coastal scrub, and Valley known range of elevation for this robust monardella Clara, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, and Sonoma and foothill grassland. Elevations: 100 to 915 species. counties. meters. Navarretia leucocephala ssp. --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Colusa, Glenn, Lake, Cismontane woodland, lower montane April - July Yes. The aquatic features, mixed bakeri Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Solano, Sonoma, coniferous forest, meadows and seeps, Valley oak woodland, and annual grassland Baker’s navarretia Sutter, Tehama, and Yolo counties. and foothill grassland, and vernal pools (mesic). habitat within the project site are Elevations: 5 to 1,740 meters. suitable habitats for this species. Yes. Navarretia leucocephala ssp. FE/CE/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake and Sonoma Vernal pools (volcanic ash flow). Elevations: May - June The aquatic features within the plieantha counties. 30 to 950 meters. project site are suitable habitat for many-flowered navarretia this species. No. Penstemon newberryi var. --/--/1B.3 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Rocky substrates in chaparral. Elevations: 700 April - August Suitable habitat for this species sonomensis Sonoma counties. to 1,370 meters. does not occur within the project Sonoma beardstongue site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. Yes. Perideridia gairdneri ssp --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Contra Costa , Kern, Broadleaf upland forest, chaparral, coastal June - October Suitable habitat for this gairdneri Los Angeles (may be extirpated), prairie, Valley and foothill grassland, species may occur in aquatic Gairdner’s perideridia Mendocino, Monterey, Marin, Napa, vernal pools/vernally mesic areas. Elevations: 0 habitats within the woodlands and Orange (may be extirpated), San Benito, to 365 meters. grasslands on the project site. Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Diego (may be extirpated), San Luis Obispo, San Mateo (may be extirpated)(unverified), Solano, and Sonoma counties. No. Plagiobothrys strictus FE/CT/1B.1 Known to occur in Napa County. Meadows and seeps, Valley and foothill March - June Suitable habitat for this species Calistoga popcorn flower grassland, and in vernal pool habitat (alkaline does not occur within the project areas near thermal springs). Elevations: 90 to site. 160 meters.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 7 Technical Memorandum FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS No. Pleuropogon hooverianus --/CT/1B.1 Known to occur in Mendocino, Marin, and Broadleaf upland forest, meadows and seeps, April - August Suitable habitat for this species North Coast semaphore grass Sonoma counties. and North Coast coniferous forest (open areas, does not occur within the project mesic). Elevations: 10 to 671 meters. site. No. Potamogeton filiformis --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Contra Costa, El Marshes and swamps (assorted shallow May - July The project site is outside the Slender-leaved pondweed Dorado, Lassen, Merced, Mono, Modoc, freshwater). Elevations: 300 to 2,150 meters. known range of elevation for this Mariposa, Placer, Santa Clara (may be species. extirpated), and Sierra counties. Also occurs in Arizona, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, and elsewhere. Yes. Ranunculus lobbii --/--/4.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Contra Costa, Cismontane woodland, North Coast coniferous February - May Suitable habitat for this Lobb’s aquatic buttercup Mendocino, Marin, Napa, Santa Cruz (may forest, Valley and foothill grassland, Vernal species may occur in aquatic be extirpated)(unverified), San Mateo (may pools/mesic areas. Elevations: 15 to 470 habitats within the woodlands and be extirpated)(unverified), Solano, and meters. grasslands on the project site. This Sonoma counties, as well as Oregon species was observed within a wetland area of parcels surveyed prior to 2010. No. Rhynchospora alba --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Inyo, Mendocino, Bogs and fens, meadows and seeps, and marshes July - August Suitable habitat for this species white beaked-rush mariposa, Nevada, Plumas, Sonoma, and and swamps (freshwater). Elevations: 60 to does not occur within the project Trinity counties. 2,040 meters. site. No. Rhynchospora californica --/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Butte, Marin, Napa, and Bogs and fens, lower montane coniferous forest, July - August Suitable habitat for this species California beaked-rush Sonoma counties. meadows and seeps (seeps), and marshes and does not occur within the project swamps (freshwater). Elevations: 45 to 2,000 site. meters. No. Rhynchospora capitellata --/--/2.2 Known to occur in Butte, El Dorado, Lower montane coniferous forest, meadows and July - August The project site is outside the brownish beaked-rush Mariposa, Nevada, Plumas, Sonoma, seeps, marshes and swamps, and upper montane known range of elevation for this Tehama, Trinity, and Yuba counties. coniferous forest (mesic). Elevations: 455 to species. 2,000 meters. No. Rhynchospora globularis var. --/--/2.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Marshes and swamps (freshwater). Elevations: July - August Suitable habitat for this species globularis 45 to 60 meters. does not occur within the project round-headed beaked-rush site. No. Sidalcea hickmanii ssp. FE/CE/1B.1 Known to occur in Sonoma County. Marshes and swamps (freshwater). Elevations: June - September Suitable habitat for this species valida 15 to 150 meters. does not occur within the project Kenwood Marsh site. checkerbloom No. Streptanthus brachiatus ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake and Sonoma Chaparral and cismontane woodland May - July The project site is outside the hoffmanii counties. (serpentinite). Elevations: 490 to 1,220 meters. known range of elevation for this Freed’s jewel-flower species. No. Streptanthus breweri var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Glenn, Lake, Napa, and Chaparral (openings) and cismontane woodland May - July The project site is outside the hesperidis Sonoma counties. (serpentinite, rocky). Elevations: 130 to 760 known range of elevation for this green jewel-flower meters. species.

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 8 Technical Memorandum FEDERAL/ SCIENTIFIC NAME STATE/ CNPS- PERIOD OF POTENTIAL TO OCCUR DISTRIBUTION HABITAT REQUIREMENTS COMMON NAME OTHER IDENTIFICATION ON-SITE STATUS Streptanthus morrisonii ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Chaparral (serpentinite). Elevations: 90 to 815 June - September No. Suitable habitat for this species elatus Sonoma counties. meters. does not occur within the project Three Peaks jewel-flower site. The project site is outside the known range of elevation for this species. No. Streptanthus morrisonii ssp. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Lake, Napa, and Cismontane woodland (serpentinite). April - July The project site is outside the kruckebergii Sonoma counties. Elevations: 215 to 1,035 meters. known range of elevation for this Krukeberg’s jewel-flower species. No. Trifolium amoenum FE/--/1B.1 Known to occur in Alameda (may be Coastal bluff scrub and Valley and foothill April - June The project site is outside the two-fork clover extirpated), Marin, Napa (may be grassland (sometimes serpentinite). Elevations: historic geographical range of this extirpated), Santa Clara (may be 5 to 415 meters. species. extirpated), Solano (may be extirpated), and Sonoma (may be extirpated/unverified) counties. No. Trifolium depauperatum var. --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Alameda, Colusa Marshes and swamps, Valley and foothill April - June There are no alkaline soils on hydrophilum (unverified), Monterey, Napa, San Benito, grassland (mesic, alkaline), and vernal pools. the project site. saline clover Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, San Luis Obispo, Elevations: 0 to 300 meters. San Mateo, Solano, and Sonoma counties. No. Triquetrella californica --/--/1B.2 Known to occur in Contra Costa, Del Coastal bluff scrub and coastal scrub on soil Most of the year Suitable habitat for this species Coastal triquetrella moss Norte, Mendocino, Marin, San Diego, San substrates. Elevations: 10 to 100 meters. does not occur within the project Francisco, San Mateo, and Sonoma site. counties, as well as Oregon --/--/-- No. Usnea longissima Known to occur in most mesic woodlands Found in old-growth forest, conifer, riparian and N/A Suitable habitat for this species Long-beard lichen throughout northern California to Alaska. hardwood stands near coastal climates. does not occur within the project site. No. Viburnum ellipticum --/--/2.3 Known to occur in Contra Costa, El Chaparral, cismontane woodland, and lower May - June The project site is outside the oval-leaved viburnum Dorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, montane coniferous forest. Elevations: 215 to known range of elevation for this Mendocino, Napa, Placer, Shasta, and 1,400 meters. species. Sonoma counties. Also occurs in Oregon and Washington. STATUS CODES

FEDERAL: United States Fish and Wildlife Service FE Federally Endangered FT Federally Threatened

STATE: California Department of Fish and Game CE California Listed Endangered CT California Listed Threatened CR California Listed Rare CSC California Species of Special Concern

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 9 Technical Memorandum CFP California Fully Protected

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 10 Technical Memorandum APPENDIX C

PERSONNEL QUALIFICATIONS Personnel Qualifications

Adrienne Edwards holds a PhD in botany from the University of Georgia, Athens. She is a botanist with over twenty years of experience conducting floristic surveys, monitoring, research and preparing numerous reports (e.g., for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish and Game, California State University Research Board, South Florida Water Management District, Everglades National Park, Illinois Department of Natural Resources, etc.), grants (e.g. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Forest Service, etc.), and manuscripts for peer-reviewed journals. Her consulting experience in California includes arborist reports, rare species monitoring reports, open space and mitigation plans, development of outreach educational materials, and biological assessments in support of Environmental Impact Reports (EIR), Environmental Impact Statements (EIS), and California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) documents. A full resume is available upon request. She has a valid plant collecting permit from California Department of Fish and Game, and is a certified arborist (WE-8317A, expires June 30, 2011).

Ona Alminas possesses a B.S. in Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology from the University of California, Davis. She is a wildlife biologist with over five years experience conducting avian, mammalian, herpetological baseline inventories, focused surveys and research throughout California and in southeastern Washington State. She specializes in the ecological study of terrestrial vertebrates for identifying patterns such as distribution, abundance, species richness, habitat associations, trophic levels and other community ecology parameters. She has also conducted broad vegetation surveys and habitat assessments. She has experience conducting surveys for sensitive animal species such as Swainson’s Hawk, Burrowing Owl, Western Pond Turtle, Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard and assisted with surveys for California Tiger Salamander. She is knowledgeable of survey protocols for San Joaquin Kit Fox, Southwestern Willow Flycatcher, Western Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Least Bell’s Vireo, Foothill Yellow- legged Frog and California Red-legged Frog. She has prepared numerous reports for governmental agencies including the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), California State Parks and others. Her consulting experience in California includes preparation of incidental take permits for CDFG, biological resource assessments and wetland delineations, Initial Studies, Environmental Assessments (EA) and other CEQA and National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) documents. She possesses a CDFG Scientific Collecting permit (SC-008738) for mammals and birds.

Jessica Griggs earned a B.A. in Environmental Studies from Bucknell University in Lewisburg Pennsylvania. She has worked for the last 4 years as a wildlife biologist and has conducted a variety of wildlife surveys and habitat assessments. She specializes in wetland science and bird identification. She received her certification in wetland delineation through San Francisco State University. She has experience performing wetland delineations and focused vegetation surveys for special-status plant species associated with vernal pool systems. She has experience conducting wildlife surveys for sensitive species such as Swainson’s hawk, Burrowing owl, and California red-legged frog. She has prepared

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development September 2010 1 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys numerous documents such as wetland delineations, biological site assessments, and CEQA documents, including: Initial Studies, Mitigated Negative Declarations, and EIRs. She has assisted in the preparation of stream assessments, mitigation and monitoring reports, as well as NEPA documents, including: Environmental Overviews, EAs, EISs, and Categorical Exemptions. She has a valid plant collecting permit from CDFG (2081(a)-10-54-V), and is a certified arborist (WE-9289A, expires December 31, 2013).

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development September 2010 2 Technical Memorandum: Botanical Surveys APPENDIX D

PLANT SPECIES OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp.

Scientific and Family Name Common Name ACERACEAE MAPLE FAMILY Acer rubrum Red Maple

ALISMATACEAE WATER PLANTAIN FAMILY Alisma plantago-aquatica Water plantain

AMARANTHACEAE AMARANTH FAMILY Amaranthus albus Common pigweed

ANACARDIACEAE SUMAC FAMILY Toxicodendron diversilobum Poison oak

Sanicula bipinnatifida Purple sanicle Sanicula crassicaulis Sanicle Saniculula laciniata Coast sanicle Scandix pectin-veneris* Venus’ needles Torilis arvensis* Torilis (hedge parsley)

APOCYNACEAE DOGBANE FAMILY Vinca major* Periwinkle

ARALIACEAE GINSENG FAMILY Hedera helix* English Ivy

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE PIPEVINE FAMILY Aristolochia californica Pipevine

ASTERACEAE SUNFLOWER FAMILY Achillea millefolium Yarrow Agoseris grandiflora Agoseris Anthemis cotula* Mayweed Artemisia douglasiana California mugwort Aster chilensis Chile aster Baccharis pilularis Coyote bush Carduus pycnocephalus* Italian thistle Centaurea solstitialis* Yellow star-thistle Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 1 Biological Assessment PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

Lasthenia glaberrima Smooth goldfields

Leontodon taraxacoides* Hawkbit Logfia gallica* Filago Madia sp. Tarweed Picris echioides* Bristly oxtongue Senecio vulgaris* Common groundsel Silybum marianum* Milk thistle Soliva sessilis* Field burrweed Sonchus asper* Prickly sowthistle Sonchus oleraceus* Common sowthistle Tanacetum parthenium* Feverfew Taraxacum officinale* Common dandelion Tolpis barbata* European milkwort Tragopogon sp.* Goat’s beard Wyethia glabra Mules ears

BIGNONIACEAE TRUMPET CREEPER FAMILY Chilopsis linearis Desert willow X Chitalpa (Catalpa bignonioides x Chilopsis linearis) tashkentensis Chitalpa

BORAGINACEAE BORAGE FAMILY Cynoglossum grande Hound’s tongue Myosotis micrantha* Small flowered forget me not Plagiobothrys bracteatus Bracted popcorn flower Plagiobothrys stipitatus Popcorn flower

BRASSICACEAE MUSTARD FAMILY Barbarea vulgaris* Common winter cress Brassica nigra* Black mustard Brassica rapa* Field mustard

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 2 Biological Assessment PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

CALLITRICHACEAE WATER-STARWORT FAMILY Callitriche sp. Callitriche

CAMPANULACEAE BELLFLOWER FAMILY Downingia concolor var. concolor Spotted throat downingia Heterocodon rariflorum Heterocodon

CAPRIFOLIACEAE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY Lonicera hispidula Honeysuckle Sambucus mexicana Blue elderberry Symphoricarpos albus var. laevigatus Snowberry

CARYOPHYLLACEAE PINK FAMILY Cerastium glomeratum* Mouse-ear chickweed Silene gallica* Common catchfly Spergularia rubra* Red sand spurry Stellaria media* Common chickweed

CONVOLVULACEAE MORNING-GLORY FAMILY Convolvulus arvensis* Morning glory

CRASSULACEAE STONECROP FAMILY Crassula connata Pygmy weed Crassula tillaea* Mediterranean pygmy weed

CUCURBITACEAE GOURD FAMILY Marah fabaceus California man-root

CYPERACEAE SEDGE FAMILY Carex densa Dense sedge Carex feta Green sheath sedge

Carex praegracilis Field sedge Cyperus eragrostis Tall flatsedge Cyperus sp. Nutsedge

Eleocharis acicularis Inch-high spikerush Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 3 Biological Assessment PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Eleocharis macrostachya Creeping spikerush

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE BRACKEN FAMILY Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Bracken fern

ERICACEAE HEATH FAMILY Arbutus menziesii Pacific madrone Arctostaphylos manzanita Common manzanita Arctostaphylos patula Green-leaf manzanita

EUPHORBIACEAE SPURGE FAMILY Eremocarpus setigerus Dove weed Euphorbia sp. Spurge

FABACEAE LEGUME FAMILY Acacia sp.* Acacia Genista monspessulana* French broom

Lathyrus jepsonii var. californicus California tule pea Lathyrus sp. Wild pea Lotus formosissimus (CNPS List 4.2) Coast/harlequin lotus Lotus humistratus Hill lotus Lotus purshianus Spanish clover Lupinus bicolor Bicolored lupine Lupinus nanus Sky lupine Medicago polymorpha* Bur clover Rubinia pseudoacacia Black locust

Trifolium depauperatum Dwarf sack clover Trifolium dubium* Shamrock clover Trifolium fragiferum* Strawberry clover Trifolium hirtum* Rose clover Trifolium subterraneum* Subterranean clover

Trifolium variegatum White-tipped clover Vicia sativa* Common vetch Vicia villosa* Winter vetch

FAGACEAE OAK FAMILY Quercus agrifolia Coast live oak Quercus douglasii Blue oak Quercus kelloggii Black oak Quercus lobata Valley oak

GERANIACEAE GERANIUM FAMILY Erodium botrys* Filaree Erodium cicutarium* Redstem filaree Erodium moschatum* White-stem filaree Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 4 Biological Assessment PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Geranium carolinianum Carolina geranium Geranium dissectum* Cut-leaved geranium Geranium molle* Dove-foot geranium

HIPPOCASTANACEAE BUCKEYE FAMILY Aesculus californica California buckeye

HYDROPHYLLACEAE WATERLEAF FAMILY Nemophila heterophylla Nemophila

HYPERICACEAE ST. JOHN'S WORT FAMILY Hypericum perforatum* Klamath weed

IRIDACEAE IRIS FAMILY Iris douglasiana Douglas’ iris Iris macrosiphon Long tubed iris Sisyrinchium bellum Blue-eyed grass

JUGLANDACEAE WALNUT FAMILY Juglans californica California black walnut Juglans regia* English walnut

Luzula comosa Wood rush

JUNCAGINACEAE ARROW_GRASS FAMILY Lilaea scilloides Flowering quillwort

LAMIACEAE MINT FAMILY Lamium amplexicaule* Henbit Lamium purpureum* Henbit Mentha pulegium* Pennyroyal Prunella vulgaris Self-heal Rosmarinus officinalis* Rosemary

Satureja douglasii Yerba buena Stachys ajugoides Hedge-nettle

LILIACEAE LILY FAMILY Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 5 Biological Assessment PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

LIMNANTHACEAE MEADOWFOAM FAMILY Limnanthes douglasii ssp. douglasii Douglas’ meadowfoam

LYTHRACEAE LOOSESTRIFE FAMILY Lythrum hyssopifolium* Hyssop loosestrife

MALVACEAE MALLOW FAMILY Malva parviflora* Cheeseweed Sidalcea malviflora ssp. laciniata Checker mallow

MORACEAE MULBERRY FAMILY Ficus carica* Fig Morus alba White mulberry

MYRTACEAE MYRTLE FAMILY Eucalyptus sp.* Eucalyptus

ONAGRACEAE EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY Camissonia ovata Sun cup Clarkia purpurea Clarkia Epilobium brachycarpum Panicled willow-herb Epilobium ciliatum Hairy willow-herb

ORCHIDACEAE ORCHID FAMILY Piperia elongata Dense flowered rein orchid Spiranthes porrifolia Ladies' tresses

OXALIDACEAE OXALIS FAMILY Oxalis laxa* Sorrel

PAPAVERACEAE POPPY FAMILY Eschscholzia californica California poppy Romneya coulteri Matilija poppy

PINACEAE PINE FAMILY Pinus sabiniana Gray pine Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 6 Biological Assessment PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas-fir

PLANTAGINACEAE PLANTAIN FAMILY Plantago coronopus* Cut-leaf plantain Plantago erecta Plantain Plantago lanceolata* English plantain

POLEMONIACEAE PHLOX FAMILY Linanthus bicolor True baby stars Navarretia intertexta Needle-leaf navarretia Navarretia squarrosa Skunkweed Navarretia tagetina Marigold navarretia

POLYGONACEAE BUCKWHEAT FAMILY Polygonum arenastrum* Prostrate knotweed Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 7 Biological Assessment PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

(*) Asterisk indicates a non-native sp. Scientific and Family Name Common Name Polygonum sp. Knotweed Rumex acetosella* Sheep sorrel Rumex crispus* Curly dock Rumex pulcher* Fiddle dock

PORTULACEAE PURSLANE FAMILY Calandrinia ciliata Red maids Claytonia perfoliata Miner’s lettuce Montia fontana Fountain miner’s lettuce

PRIMULACEAE PRIMROSE FAMILY Anagallis arvensis* Scarlet pimpernel Dodecatheon hendersonii Shooting star

PTERIDACEAE BRAKE FAMILY Adiantum jordanii California maidenhair Pentagramma triangularis Goldenback fern

PUNICACEAE POMEGRANATE FAMILY Punica granatum* Pomegranate

RANUNCULACEAE BUTTERCUP FAMILY

Ranunculus aquatilis Whitewater buttercup Ranunculus bonariensis Vernal pool buttercup Ranunculus californicus Buttercup Ranunculus lobbii (CNPS List 4.2) Lobb’s aquatic buttercup Ranunculus muricatus* Spiny-fruit buttercup

RHAMNACEAE BUCKTHORN FAMILY Rhamnus tomentella Hoary coffeeberry

RUBIACEAE MADDER FAMILY Galium aparine Goose grass Galium parisiensis* Wall bedstraw Galium porrigens Climbing bedstraw Galium sp. Bedstraw Sherardia arvensis* Field madder Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 8 Biological Assessment PLANT SP. OBSERVED WITHIN THE PROJECT SITE Lytton Residential Development

SAXIFRAGACEAE SAXIFRAGE FAMILY Saxifraga intergrifolia Saxifrage

SCROPHULARIACEAE FIGWORT FAMILY Castilleja lacera Cut-leaved owl’s clover Castilleja exserta Purple owl’s clover Castilleja rubicundula ssp. lithospermoides Cream sacs

Cordylanthus pilosus Hairy bird’s beak Gratiola ebracteata Bractless hedge hyssop Mimulus guttatus Common monkeyflower Parentucellia viscosa* Yellow glandweed

Triphysaria eriantha Butter and eggs Verbascum blattaria* Moth mullein Veronica peregrina Purslane speedwell

TYPHACEAE CATTAIL FAMILY Typha domingensis Southern cattail

VALARIANACEAE VALERIAN FAMILY Centranthus ruber* Red valerian

VITACEAE GRAPE FAMILY Vitis californica California wild grape

Analytical Environmental Services Lytton Residential Development Updated September 2010 9 Biological Assessment