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Ramon Lull, Man and Philosopher

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Ramon Lull, Man and Philosopher A Basic Handbook of Lullian Logic and Its Introduction. Edition and Study of Two Unknown Logical Texts of the Medieval Lullian Tradition: The Nove et Compendiose Introductiones Logice and the Loyca Discipuli Magistri Raymondi Lulli. Dissertation by Eleonora Buonocore Phd Candidate Table of Contents Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………..p. 5 Foreword……………………………………………………………………………..p. 10 Introduction. Ramon Lull, man and philosopher……………………………………..p. 16 Chapter one: The peculiarities of Lullian Logic, in the context of the evolution of Lullism in its first period (1316-1417)………………………………………………………..p. 35 A. The status quaestionis on the studies on Ramon Lull and Lullism………p. 36 B. The peculiarities of Lullian logic…………………………………………p. 46 i) The originality of the Lullian theory of demonstration: the demonstratio per aequiparantiam………………………………………………………………p. 57 ii) The Lullian doctrine of the correlatives……………………………..p. 60 iii) The evolution of the concept of medium: the importance of finding the middle term……………………………………………………………..p. 64 Chapter two: The Threads of Lullism………………………………………………p. 67 A. Lull’s Will: The Beginning of a Complex Tradition…………………….p. 67 B. Early Lullism in France: Le Myésier and the Threads inside the Electorium. C. Early Lullian Schools in Catalonia Aragon: A Knot of Threads…………p. 69 i) The tradition of confessional treatises as the ‘Missing Link’ at the very beginning of Lullian Schools……………………………p. 73 ii) Issues of Marian Theology, An Additional Thread in the Lullian Tradition………………………………………………………p. 75 D. The Tradition of Lullism in the Later Middle Ages and the Early Renaissance: the entangling of the Threads………………………………………………….p. 78 i) Lullism in Paris after Le Myésier: from the Aversion to Lullism of Jean Gerson to the revival of Lullian studies in the Intellectual Circle of Lefèvre…………………………………………….p. 78 a. Jean Gerson’s aversion to Lullism: a witness to the persistence of Lullian studies in Paris?...........p. 83 ii) The Schools of Southern France as the Meeting Point of a Converging Tradition……………………………………….p. 85 a. The University of Toulouse…………………………p. 85 b. The Franciscan School of Lyon…………………… .p. 87 iii) Lullism in Italy in the Fifteenth century: the weaving of a network between Catalan, French and Italian Intellectual environments p 88 a. The exodus: Catalan magistri teaching Lullism in Italian settings………………………………………………p. 88 b. Pere Dagui………………………………………… p. 91 c. Jaume Janer…………………………………………p. 94 d. The closing of the circle: Italian Lullists in Majorca, Barcelona and Valencia…………………………….p. 95 E. The thread of Hermitism inside the Lullian Schools: Lull as the ‘pius eremita’……………………………………………………………………….p. 98 F. An obscure and understudied Thread inside the Lullian Schools: Two Pseudo Lullian Logical treatises as the only surviving witnesses of a Genoese Lullian Tradition………………………………………………………………….p. 100 Chapter three. The pseudo Lullian Logical treatises as one of the threads of Medieval Lullism……………………………………………………………………………p. 103 A. The Manuscripts and Textual Tradition of the Loyca Discipuli and the Nove Introductiones………………………………………………p. 103 i) A new beginning…………………………………………p. 108 ii) The Loyca discipuli magistri Raymondi Lulli………………p. 109 iii) The Nove et compendiose introductiones logicae……… .p. 116 iv) The Logica parva………………………………………………p. 118 v) The Logica brevis et nova…………………………………...p. 128 B. Textual Correlations Between the Logica Parva, the Logica Brevis et Nova and the Nove Introductiones: The Presence of an Ur-text for Late Medieval and Renaissance Lullian Logic…………………………p. 136 Chapter four. From the Nove Introductiones to the Loyca Discipuli: analysis of the transformations of a Lullian handbook for Logic…………………………………p. 151 I. The Nove Introductiones between Lullian and Scholastic Logic. ………p. 152 A. The beginning of the text: Incipit, Invocation to God and definition of the Object and Principles of Logic…………………………………p.152 i) The term…………………………………………… p. 159 ii) The proposition…………………………………….p. 161 iii) The predicables…………………………………….p. 168 B. Elements of theory of demonstration in the Nove Introductiones.p. 172 i) Correct forms of reasoning: The Syllogism and its figures……………………………………………….p. 175 ii) Incorrect form of reasoning: Paralogism and Fallacies…………………………………………………………….p.180 C. The closure of the text : methods of arguing and explicit……….p. 182 Chapter five. The Loyca discipuli magistri Raymondi Lulli: An Ockhamistic Introduction to the Nove Introductiones…………………………………………………………p. 189 A. Textual history and title of the Loyca Discipuli: a copyist error?..…….p. 189 B. The structure of the Loyca Discipuli. ………………………………….p. 192 i. The qualities of the term………………………………p. 196 ii. The predicables…………………………………………p. 205 iii. An episode of Italian Lullism: the marginal note in ms. Terni, Biblioteca Comunale, 61………………………………p. 212 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………p. 215 Appendix 1. Transcription of Ms. Firenze Riccardiana 1001, collated with ms Munich, BSB, lat. 10542: Nove et compendiose Introductiones logice………………………p. 223 CRITERIA OF THE EDITION……………………………………………….. p. 223 TEXT………………………………………………………………………p. 225 3 Appendix 2. Transcription of the text of the Loyca discipuli magistri Raymondi Lulli. From the only extant manuscript: Ms. Firenze, Riccardiana 1001………………p. 318 CRITERIA OF THE EDITION……………………….………………………p. 318 TEXT ……………………………………………….…………………….p. 320 Appendix 3. The Structure of the Three Pseudo Lullian Handbooks for Logic: A Comparison………………………………………………………………………p. 353 Appendix Four. A Textual Comparison……………………………………… …p. 360 Appendix Five. Iconographical Apparatus………………………………………p. 390 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………….p. 396 A. Manuscript Sources………………………………………………………p. 396 B. Primary Sources………………………………………………………….p. 397 1. Early Printed Editions………………………………………p. 397 2. Modern and Contemporary Editions and Reprints…………p. 399 C. Secondary Sources: Critical Studies……………………………………. .p. 404 D- On-line Resources and Databases…………………………………………p. 414 4 Aknowledgments The completion of a doctoral dissertation is a lengthy and complex enterprise, one that is not possible to bring to an end without the help of many different people. In the course of my doctoral studies I have been blessed by the friendship and support of important scholars from all over the world, but none has been more influential in shaping my intellectual development, personal growth, and the progress of this very dissertation, than Prof. Michela Pereira. I owe Prof. Pereira my whole academic formation, from the first class I attended as an undergraduate at the University of Siena in 1998 to the last revisions and corrections to the present dissertation and to the critical edition of the two texts offered in the Appendices. I will never be able to thank Prof. Pereira enough for her support, her guidance, her encouragement during hard times, as well as for her constant help in shaping my ideas, in sharpening and fine tuning my vision of Ramon Lull’s thought, of Lullism and of medieval philosophy in general. Without her mentoring this project would not have been started, let alone completed. At the University of Arezzo, I need to thank Prof. Ferdinando Abbri, the coordinator of the PhD program in Philosophical Sciences for his patience and support of my non-conventional doctoral experience, and for always believing that I would successfully complete the present dissertation. Moreover, I had the honor of benefiting from the help, support, experience, and advice of Prof. Anthony Bonner. His unrivalled hospitality in Majorca, his availability in reading and commenting my work, his encouragements and his advice have played a key role during the course of my doctoral work. It is also thanks to him that I had the possibility to consult many manuscripts in various libraries in Majorca. Once again I thank him and all the staff of the Ramon Lull Database project for the constant help and punctual remarks that have helped me in avoiding some errors in the transcription of various texts. I am, nevertheless, responsible for all remaining errors. During my doctoral studies I have received the financial and institutional support of many prestigious institutions that I now have the honor and pleasure to thank. I was allowed to work at the Società Internazionale per lo Studio del Medioevo Latino (SISMEL) inside the Fondazione Franceschini at the Certosa del Galluzzo, Florence. I would like to thank all the staff working there, from the director, Prof. Claudio Leonardi and the co-director of the Medioevo Latino (MEL) project, Dr. Lucia Pinelli, to Prof. Francesco Santi, whose help at the beginning of my research proved to be invaluable, to every single member of the staff who has helped me in a crucial time in my academic development. Among the scholars working at the Certosa, I would like to thank particularly Dr. Gabriella Pomaro, who has kindly shared with me the results of her current research, and who has constantly put her great philological and codicological competence at my disposal. Other scholars to whom I am indebt for sharing their (at the time) still unpublished work with me are Dr. Alexander Fidora and Dr. Marta Romano, I would like to thank their academic generosity and willingness to share their research in progress. Already during my undergraduate years, I had started to collaborate with the Raimundus Lullus Institut of the Albert-Ludwigs Universität in Freiburg im Breisgau. My deepest thanks to the director Prof. Peter Walter, to Prof. Fernando Dominguez- Reboiras, Prof. 6 Charles H. Lohr, to the secretary
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