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Knowledge, Contemplation and Lullism Instrvmenta Patristica Et Mediaevalia KNOWLEDGE, CONTEMPLATION AND LULLISM INSTRVMENTA PATRISTICA ET MEDIAEVALIA Research on the Inheritance of Early and Medieval Christianity 67 SVBSIDIA LV llIANA 5 KNOWLEDGE, CONTEMPLATION AND LULLISM Contributions to the Lullian Session at the SIEPM Congress – Freising, August 20-25, 2012 Edited by José HIGUERA RUBIO 2015 INSTRVMENTA PATRISTICA ET MEDIAEVALIA Research on the Inheritance of Early and Medieval Christianity Founded by Dom Eligius Dekkers († 1998) Rita BEYERS Alexander ANDRÉE Emanuela COLOMBI Georges DECLERCQ Jeroen DEPLOIGE Paul-Augustin DEPROOST Anthony DUPONT Jacques ELFAssI Guy GULDENTOPS Mathijs LAMBERIGTS Johan LEEMANS Paul MATTEI Gert PARTOENS Marco PETOLETTI Dominique POIREL Paul TOMBEUR Marc VAN UYTFANGHE Wim VERBAAL All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. © 2015, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium D/2015/0095/118 ISBN 978-2-503-54853-1 (printed version) ISBN 978-2-503-54890-6 (online version) Printed in the EU on acid-free paper. TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations vii Vorwort ix Presentation xi 1 Knowledge Coralba Colomba, Lull’s Art : The brevitas as a Way to General Knowledge 3 Carla Compagno, La scienza geometrica nell’Ars lulliana : l’interpretazione di Ivo Salzinger 17 Celia López Alcalde, The Foundations of Analogical Thinking in Llull’s Epistemology 41 Guilherme Wyllie, Ramon Llull on the Theoretical Unification of Fallacies 53 2 Contemplation Antoni Bordoy, Ramon Llull and the Question of the Knowledge of God in the Parisian Condemnation of 1277 65 Francesco Fiorentino, La critica lulliana alla teoria averroista della felicità speculativa 89 José Higuera Rubio, From Metaphors to Categories : The Contemplative and Semantic Cycle of the Divine Names 109 Annemarie C Mayer, Contemplatio in Deum – or the Pleasure of Knowing God via his Attributes 135 3 Lullism Josep Batalla, Regards sur Raymond Lulle 153 Francisco José Díaz Marcilla, El hilo luliano de la madeja cultural castellana medieval. Nuevos aportes al lulismo castellano medieval laico y religioso 165 VI table of contents Esteve Jaulent, Un lulista responde a Paolo Flores d’Arcais 191 Rafael Ramis Barceló, Bernard de Lavinheta y su interpretación de las ideas jurídicas de Ramon Llull 207 Alberto Pavanato & Alessandro Tessari, Ramon Llull, René Descartes : From Analytics to Heuristics 227 Indices 245 Index personarum 247 Index operum Raimundi quae citantur 251 Raimundi Lulli Opera latina: Concordantiae 253 ABBREVIATIONS AHDLMA Archives d’histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen-Âge CCCM Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio Medieaevalis, Turnholti 1971 aa CUP Chartularium Universitatis Parisiensis, 4 vols (Paris, 1889‑1897) EL Estudios Lulianos (1957‑1990, vid SL) MOG Raymundi Lulli Opera omnia, ed Ivo Salzinger, 8 vol , Moguntiae 1721‑1742 ; reimpr. Frankfurt am Main 1965. NEORL Nova Edició de les Obres de Ramon Llull, Palma 1991ss ORL Obres de Ramon Llull, 21 vols, Palma 1906‑1950 ROL Raimundi Lulli Opera latina, Palmae/Turnholti 1959ss SL Studia Lulliana (1991‑, olim EL) VORWORT Dieser fünfte Band der vom Raimundus‑Lullus‑Institut initiier‑ ten Reihe Subsidia Lulliana enthält die Vorträge, die im Rahmen der “Special Session Lulliana” (SSL) während des 13 Kongresses der Societé Internationale pour l’Étude de la Philosophie Médié‑ vale (SIEPM) vom 20 bis 25 August 2012 in Freising gehalten wurden Schon auf der 12. Konferenz der SIEPM in Palermo im Sep‑ tember 2007 hatte sich erstmals eine eigene Abteilung mit Ramon Lull und seinem Werk beschäftigt. Als José Higuera für den Freisinger Kongress unter dem Titel “Pleasures of Knowledge” erneut zu einer entsprechenden Session einlud, folgte eine beacht‑ liche Anzahl von Lull‑Spezialistinnen und ‑Spezialisten seinem Ruf. Ihre hier gesammelten und von José Higuera herausgege‑ benen Beiträge lassen sich drei großen Themenkreisen zuordnen : dem Wissen bzw der Erkenntnistheorie, der Kontemplation und der historischen Rezeption von Lulls Werk vom 14. Jahrhundert bis heute So spiegelt der vorliegende Band ein breites Spektrum gegenwärtiger Lull‑Forschung Raimundus‑Lullus‑Institut der Universität Freiburg, im April 2015 Peter Walter Viola Tenge‑Wolf PRESENTATION Fernando Domínguez stated in his postfacium1 to the publica‑ tion of the contributions of the first SSL (Special Session Lulli‑ ana) held in Palermo (2007) that, until then, the figure of Ramon Llull had not received the attention it deserved in scholarship on medieval philosophy. This fact can be explained by the tension between Llull’s “originality” on the one hand and the “rigour” of the Scholastic method on the other which seems to impose restric‑ tions on the aims of Llull’s thought. Domínguez proposed over‑ coming this apparent clash by dealing with the issues and prob‑ lems with which Ramon Llull was confronted in his time, as well as with the corresponding solutions that he presented to the mem‑ bers of the medieval studium. During the second SSL held in Freising at the Congress “Plea‑ sures of Knowledge”, SIEPM 2012 – 22‑25 August – the contribu‑ tors took up this suggestion and addressed relevant issues within the philosophical tradition of the thirteenth century. Thus they showed how Ramon Llull gave his own responses by developing a philosophical Opus that is still relevant to current research on the Middle Ages In particular, the contributions deal with three main areas : theory of knowledge, contemplative life and divine delectatio, and the reception of Llull’s work from the fourteenth to the twentieth centuries The first area opens with a contribution by Coralba Colomba (SISMEL‑Florence) which focuses on the classical notion of brevitas in order to highlight three important aspects of Llull’s work : the encyclopedic compilation of knowledge, the collection of the prin‑ ciples of different disciplines, and the synthetic function of Llull’s Art from a methodological perspective. Ramon Llull assumed a critical stance with regard to the philosophical works of his age, namely the voluminous scholastic commentaries and disputed questions, and he promoted instead his own compendiosa version 1 F. Dominguez, “Postfazione”, Universality of Reason. Plurality of Philoso- phies in the Middle Ages : XII International Congress of the Society for the Study of Medieval Philosophy, eds A. Musco et al., Palermo, 2012, v II 2, p xxxv XII presentation of knowledge that made it available to secular teaching and useful for theological dialogue. Carla Compagno (Raimundus‑Lullus‑Institut, Freiburg) offers an introduction to Llull’s geometry, taking as a starting point the reception of Llull’s work by the Baroque editor Ivo Salzinger, who recognised in Llull’s thought an analogy between the geo‑ metric objects and the divine principia Salzinger showed how a geometrical representation could be a way to study the relation‑ ships between different magnitudes, if one took into account that these relations showed the active meaning of the divine dignities. The idea of the existence of a spiritual magnitudo is Salzinger’s interpretation, which seems to follow the Augustinian concept of quantitas virtutis in order to explain the geometry of Llull’s Art. Celia López Alcalde (IEM‑UAB, Barcelona), basing herself on the edition of the Liber novus de anima rationali, shows that Llull’s thought dealt with a psychological model which offers an alter‑ native to the Aristotelian theory of abstraction. Llull sought to determine the functions of the senses and the imagination in the soul in relation to divine principia : a kind of knowledge that is beyond the perceptible world. The concept of analogy resolves the concatenation of “cognitive actions” that are based on perception and tend toward the divine principia This proposal also takes into account Llull’s interest in the unity of perception and the relationship between imagination and metaphysical principles Guilherme Wyllie (URJ, Niterói) points out Llull’s interest in the tradition of the medieval commentaries on the Sophistici elenchi with the intention of unifying the “ancient” fallacies into a “new” one, called the fallacy “by contradiction”. As Wyllie remarks, the resolution of the fallacies is not Ramon Llull’s main goal, since the contradiction and the ambiguity of the terms applied in theo‑ logical knowledge are an opportunity to demonstrate the validity of the principles of the Art. In the second part of this volume, Antoni Bordoy (UIB, Palma de Mallorca) addresses the structure of Ramon Llull’s commen‑ tary on Bishop Tempier’s syllabus from 1277 ; he also points out the importance of this text in the light of contemporary interpre‑ tations of the condemnations. Ramon Llull identified the ethical, epistemological and theological problems gathered by Tempier in the propositions of the syllabus. While Llull focused his efforts on presentation XIII these issues, he did not deal so much with the text of the con‑ demnation itself, but preferred to discuss its main questions. To a large degree, current historiography seems to follow this same method of interpretation of the syllabus Francesco Fiorentino (UdS, Bari) focuses on the problem of speculative happiness and refers to the philosophical activity in Llull’s works pointing out how the delectatio of human knowledge is central to Llull’s thought : intellectual happiness validates many of his metaphysical positions. José Higuera (UCM, Madrid) starts
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