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Research on the Relationship Between Transportation Industry and Economic Growth E3S Web of Conferences 257, 03055 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125703055 AESEE 2021 Research on the Relationship between Transportation Industry and Economic Growth Jiaxin Wu1,a*, Yi Peng2,b, Xubing Zhou3,c 1School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China 2School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China 3School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China Abstract—Transportation industry is the leading capital of social and economic development, which plays an important role in regional economic development. Based on the data of Tibet Autonomous Region in the past 15 years, this paper makes further grey relation analysis and elastic analysis on the basis of analyzing the current situation of its transportation industry and economic development, obtains the conclusion about the development relationship between them. The empirical results show that there is a close relationship between the transportation industry and economic growth in Tibet Autonomous Region, and the development of them is in a state of coordination on the whole. Among them, the promotion effect of freight transport on the economic growth of Tibet is greater than that of passenger transport, and the belt action of economic growth on railway transport is much greater than that on highway transport. of industrial structure, and significantly improved the 1 Introduction investability of Tibet. The second is quantitative analysis method. Pan (2005) investigated the relationship between As a basic industry to promote economic development, the development of transportation and GDP in Tibet and transportation industry plays an increasingly significant believed that the transportation industry had a great role in promoting regional economic development. In promoting effect on the economic growth, especially with recent years, with the implementation of the Western a large correlation coefficient with the secondary and Development Strategy, Tibet's economy has achieved tertiary industries. Zong et al. (2013) used the Cobb- rapid development, and the continuous increase of Douglas production function to prove the correlation investment in transportation infrastructure has also greatly between transportation investment and economic promoted the development of Tibet's transportation development in Tibet, and obtained the multiplier of industry. The analysis of the current situation and transportation investment. Through correlation analysis relationship between the transportation industry and and elasticity analysis between transportation and economic development in Tibet will help to find out the economic development, they concluded that the problems existing in the development of the transportation construction of transportation infrastructure was highly industry in Tibet at the present stage, so that the positively correlated with the economic development in transportation industry can better play its role in Tibet. Wang et al. (2014) discussed the effect of Qinghai- promoting economic development. Tibet Railway on the growth of economic aggregate in the Domestic scholars' studies on the relationship between counties and cities along the railway by using DID. The transportation industry and economic development in the results showed that the Qinghai-Tibet Railway increased Tibet Autonomous Region mainly include the following the per capita GDP of the counties and cities along the two types. The first is qualitative analysis. Yang et al. railway by more than 20%. Li et al. (2016) analyzed the (2005) believed that the construction of Qinghai-Tibet contribution of Qinghai-Tibet Railway to the GDP of Railway was conducive to resource development, tourism Qinghai and Tibet through the Gray Forecast Model and development and industrial structure adjustment in Tibet, with and without comparison method, and argued that the which will promote the economic growth of Tibet. Tian et annual contribution rate of the registration of Qinghai- al. (2013) discussed the construction measures of roads, Tibet Railway to the total regional output of Tibet reached railways and aviation in Tibet, and put forward the 8.1%. direction of building an integrated transportation In general, most of the studies focus on the overall infrastructure system that was suitable for Tibet's analysis of the relationship between the transportation economic development. Luo (2016) believed that the industry and economic development to estimate the development of transportation in Tibet promoted the overall effect of the development of the transportation development of its characteristic industries and the change industry. There is a lack of quantifying the development a* Corresponding author: [email protected] [email protected], [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 257, 03055 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125703055 AESEE 2021 of transportation industry into different indicators to Tibet, namely, Qinghai Tibet railway, Xinzang railway, discuss its relationship with economic development. Sichuan Tibet railway, Yunnan Tibet railway and Gansu Therefore, this paper will start from different indicators to Tibet railway, which eventually develop into a plateau measure the development of transportation industry and railway layout of “one vertical and one horizontal”. The analyze its relationship with economic growth. main railways in Tibet are shown in the table below: Table2. tant National Roads in Tibet Autonomous Region 1.1 Development status of transportation Total industry Line Name of investmen length Road conditions Highway t amount (km) 1.1.1 The transportation infrastructure (RMB) Qinghai- Since the economic reform and opening up, the Tibet 1956 33 billion Opened to traffic in 2006 Highway transportation industry in Tibet has developed vigorously. Xinjiang- In the planning survey At present, a relatively complete transportation system has Tibet 2010 96 billion phase been formed, including roads, railways, aviation and Highway Sichuan- pipelines. Chengkang and Larin Tibet 1629 270 billion (scheduled for 2026) Highway 1.1.1.1 Highway development situation Kunming Railway (completed) Dali Railway Highway transportation is the main mode of transportation (opened to traffic in 2009) Yunnan- in Tibet. At present, a road network has been formed in Lixiang Railway Tibet 1573 (under construction) Tibet, with Lhasa as the center and the Qinghai-Tibet Highway Highway, the Xin-Tibet Highway, the Sichuan-Tibet Xianglin Railway (under construction) Highway, the Yunnan-Tibet Highway, and the China- Larin Railway Nepal Highway as the backbone. By 2017, the mileage of (under construction) Gansu- highways in Tibet Autonomous Region has reached 89343 37.627 In the early stage of survey Tibet 2126 km, including 6 national highways, 12 district roads, 40 billion and selection county roads, 327 township roads and 72 special roads. The Highway main national highways in Tibet are shown in the table below: 1.1.2 Transportation scale Table1. Summary of Important National Roads in Tibet Autonomous Region 1.1.2.1 Passenger and freight volume From the figure 1, we can see that the freight volume of Name of Starting and Opening Scale(km) Highway ending points time Tibet has been increasing year by year from 2004 to 2018. It increased from 2.46 million tons in 2004 to 24.33 Qinghai- Xining City - million tons in 2018, an increase of nearly 10 times, with Tibet 1954 1937 Lhasa City an average annual growth rate of 17.78%. In addition to Highway Xinjiang- large fluctuations in 2007 and 2013, passenger volume in Tibet Kashi - Xigaze 1957 2269 Tibet has also basically maintained an upward trend in Highway recent years. It increased from 2.56 million in 2014 to Sichuan- 1954 (North) 2412 (North) 13.99 million in 2018, an increase of nearly five times, Tibet Chengdu - Lhasa 1969(Full 2146 (South) Highway line) with an average annual growth rate of 12.90%. Yunnan- On the one hand, the steady increase of passenger and Tibet Kunming - Lhasa 1976 1930 freight volume is closely related to the gradual Highway improvement of Tibet's transportation infrastructure and Sino- Lhasa - Nepalese 1965 943 the improvement of its transportation capacity. On the Kathmandu Highway other hand, it also shows that Tibet has increasingly close ties with the outside world, increasing the flow of goods and materials between Tibet and other regions. From 2007 1.1.1.2 Railway development situation to 2008, both passenger and freight volume increased Since the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was completed and significantly. This benefited from the opening of the opened to traffic, the snow-covered plateau has become Qinghai-Tibet railway, which became a rapidly the focus of world attention. Increasingly convenient developing mode of transportation, solved the bottleneck transportation has made Tibet more accessible and less problem of transportation in the Tibet Autonomous mysterious. Railway transportation has become an Region at that time, and thus led to the increase of important mode of transportation in the Tibet Autonomous passenger and freight volume. The large fluctuation of Region, adding a new booster to the economic and social passenger volume from 2008 to 2013 May be related to the development of Tibet. In the long run, the Tibet adjustment
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