Tibet Facts and Figures 2015
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Download Article (PDF)
International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2016) Introduction to ZhuhaiJinwan District Urban Landscape Sculpture Design Zhexin Liu Bing Han Zhuhai College of Jilin University Zhuhai Nanping Middle School Zhuhai, China Zhuhai, China Abstract—Landscape sculpture plays an important role in the space, no need to be shocked like the large and grand construction of urban culture and landscape, because it not only monumental sculpture. It is small sized sculpture with pure increases the bright spot for the city, but also satisfies the public artistry or interests. The landscape sculptural sketches no demand of beauty. As part of the city culture environment, matter Chinese and foreign have been directly influenced by landscape sculpture is a rich emotional value and cultural different religions, philosophy and other social ideology in connotation of art, which is also has a certain ecological different historical periods. It is the crystal of time, thoughts, functions of environmental details. This paper studies the feelings and aesthetic concepts, and also the figurative record development of history and characteristics of the landscape of social and urban development. sculpture, landscape sculpture and city culture, environment. The relationship between analysis sculpture in the urban environment has "series space, value, function and art". The III. THE APPLICATION OF SCULPTURAL SKETCH IN URBAN combination of the role of the Jinwan district of Zhuhai city ENVIRONMENT landscape sculpture design should adhere to the "harmony The proportion of excellent landscape sculptural sketch in principle, historical cultural principle, people-oriented principle, urban environment design has been increasingly higher. It artistic principle, ecological principle", such as basic principles. -
Tibet Under Chinese Communist Rule
TIBET UNDER CHINESE COMMUNIST RULE A COMPILATION OF REFUGEE STATEMENTS 1958-1975 A SERIES OF “EXPERT ON TIBET” PROGRAMS ON RADIO FREE ASIA TIBETAN SERVICE BY WARREN W. SMITH 1 TIBET UNDER CHINESE COMMUNIST RULE A Compilation of Refugee Statements 1958-1975 Tibet Under Chinese Communist Rule is a collection of twenty-seven Tibetan refugee statements published by the Information and Publicity Office of His Holiness the Dalai Lama in 1976. At that time Tibet was closed to the outside world and Chinese propaganda was mostly unchallenged in portraying Tibet as having abolished the former system of feudal serfdom and having achieved democratic reforms and socialist transformation as well as self-rule within the Tibet Autonomous Region. Tibetans were portrayed as happy with the results of their liberation by the Chinese Communist Party and satisfied with their lives under Chinese rule. The contrary accounts of the few Tibetan refugees who managed to escape at that time were generally dismissed as most likely exaggerated due to an assumed bias and their extreme contrast with the version of reality presented by the Chinese and their Tibetan spokespersons. The publication of these very credible Tibetan refugee statements challenged the Chinese version of reality within Tibet and began the shift in international opinion away from the claims of Chinese propaganda and toward the facts as revealed by Tibetan eyewitnesses. As such, the publication of this collection of refugee accounts was an important event in the history of Tibetan exile politics and the international perception of the Tibet issue. The following is a short synopsis of the accounts. -
Remote Sensing Analysis of the Status of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
REMOTE SENSING ANALYSIS OF THE STATUS OF THE BEIJING-HANGZHOU GRAND CANAL B. Deng H. Guo , C. Wang , Y. Nie, The Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China - [email protected] Commission VI, WG V/2 KEY WORDS: Image interpretation, Image understanding, Feature detection, Archaeology ABSTRACT: Remote sensing began with the use of aerial photography and is acknowledged as a valuable tool for viewing, analyzing, characterizing, and making decisions about our environment. The Grand Canal of China is the longest ancient canal in the world and recently approved as the Key National Relics-preservation Unit. In our work multi-source and multi-temporal remote sensing data, including the aerial photographs taken half a century ago and the recently acquired SPOT5 multispectral images and the RADARSAT-1 images are collected. Through a comparative and complementary analysis of the data sets, some findings are given. The general characteristics of the canal course and the canal cities are also described, which provides important information for the making plans of the Grand Canal preservation. 1. INTRODUCTION can provide radar images at the spatial resolution of 1 meter. The fourth advantage is the high spectral resolution. Now the Remote sensing, in the broadest sense, is the short or large-scale hyperspectral sensor can acquire image at hundreds of channels acquisition of information of an object or phenomenon, by the simultaneously, which can grasp the small changes of use of either recording or real-time sensing device(s) that is not reflectance and make possible the discrimination of some in physical or intimate contact with the object (such as by way targets. -
White Paper on Tibetan Culture
http://english.people.com.cn/features/tibetpaper/tibeta.html White Paper on Tibetan Culture Following is the full text of the white paper on "The Development of Tibetan Culture" released by the Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China June 22: Foreword I. The Spoken and Written Tibetan Language Is Widely Studied and Used, and Being Developed II. Cultural Relics and Ancient Books and Records Are Well Preserved and Utilized III. Folk Customs and Freedom of Religious Belief Are Respected and Protected IV. Culture and Art Are Being Inherited and Developed in an All- Round Way V. Tibetan Studies Are Flourishing, and Tibetan Medicine and Pharmacology Have Taken On a New Lease of Life VI. Popular Education Makes a Historic Leap VII. The News and Publishing, Broadcasting, Film and Television Industries Are Developing Rapidly Conclusion Foreword China is a united multi-ethnic country. As a member of the big family of the Chinese nation, the Tibetan people have created and developed their brilliant and distinctive culture during a long history of continuous exchanges and contacts with other ethnic groups, all of whom have assimilated and promoted each other's cultures. Tibetan culture has all along been a dazzling pearl in the treasure- house of Chinese culture as well as that of the world as a whole. The gradual merger of the Tubo culture of the Yalong Valley in the middle part of the basin of the Yarlung Zangbo River, and the ancient Shang-Shung culture of the western part of the Qinghai- Tibet Plateau formed the native Tibetan culture. -
EDUCATION in CHINA a Snapshot This Work Is Published Under the Responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD
EDUCATION IN CHINA A Snapshot This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECD member countries. This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. Photo credits: Cover: © EQRoy / Shutterstock.com; © iStock.com/iPandastudio; © astudio / Shutterstock.com Inside: © iStock.com/iPandastudio; © li jianbing / Shutterstock.com; © tangxn / Shutterstock.com; © chuyuss / Shutterstock.com; © astudio / Shutterstock.com; © Frame China / Shutterstock.com © OECD 2016 You can copy, download or print OECD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from OECD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgement of OECD as source and copyright owner is given. All requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to [email protected]. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) at [email protected] or the Centre français d’exploitation du droit de copie (CFC) at [email protected]. Education in China A SNAPSHOT Foreword In 2015, three economies in China participated in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment, or PISA, for the first time: Beijing, a municipality, Jiangsu, a province on the eastern coast of the country, and Guangdong, a southern coastal province. -
2019 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2019 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution, which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, states that citizens have freedom of religious belief but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” and does not define “normal.” Despite Chairman Xi Jinping’s decree that all members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) must be “unyielding Marxist atheists,” the government continued to exercise control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions – Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to the five state- sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. There were several reports of individuals committing suicide in detention, or, according to sources, as a result of being threatened and surveilled. In December Pastor Wang Yi was tried in secret and sentenced to nine years in prison by a court in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, in connection to his peaceful advocacy for religious freedom. -
Trends in China Facts from the Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report
Embargoed until: 09:30 CET Paris Time – 18 March 2021 Trends in China Facts from the Renewables in Cities 2021 Global Status Report Key Renewable Energy Takeaways in 2020 from China • China is the greatest market in the world for solar PV1, with many of these developments taking place in urban areas and helping to decarbonise energy use in buildings; however, further efforts are needed to increase the share of renewables across sectors, including heating and cooling, but also power – especially in light of the expansion of e-mobility2. • The electrification of all transport modes has been pioneered in Chinese cities; they are visibly committed to the national EV ambition, providing complementary municipal-level subsidies (in addition to national incentives) for battery electric and fuel cell electric vehicles. • China is the second-largest producer of district heating (DH) in the world, and although these systems rely almost entirely on fossil fuels, some cities have been increasing solar thermal and geothermal heating capacity and use in their DH networks. Brand new data shows • Only 25 cities had renewable energy targets and/or policies from a global total of over 1,300 cities). This covers 321 million people, 38% of the urban population in China • On a global scale, Chinese cities are lagging behind on setting net-zero3 targets: some notable exceptions exist: 6 cities were developing net-zero targets in 2020, and Dalian set a target to achieve net-zero by 2050. Rizhao has had a target for climate neutrality by 2050 since 2008. Renewable Energy Developments in Chinese Cities City renewable energy commitments and policies • Most city-level targets and actions are in line with (and often part of the implementation of) national-level policy, including China’s commitment to reach carbon neutrality by 2060. -
Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism, Revised Edition
REVISED EDITION John Powers ITTB_Interior 9/20/07 2:23 PM Page 1 Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism ITTB_Interior 9/20/07 2:23 PM Page 2 ITTB_Interior 9/20/07 2:23 PM Page 3 Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism revised edition by John Powers Snow Lion Publications ithaca, new york • boulder, colorado ITTB_Interior 9/20/07 2:23 PM Page 4 Snow Lion Publications P.O. Box 6483 • Ithaca, NY 14851 USA (607) 273-8519 • www.snowlionpub.com © 1995, 2007 by John Powers All rights reserved. First edition 1995 Second edition 2007 No portion of this book may be reproduced by any means without prior written permission from the publisher. Printed in Canada on acid-free recycled paper. Designed and typeset by Gopa & Ted2, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Powers, John, 1957- Introduction to Tibetan Buddhism / by John Powers. — Rev. ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN-13: 978-1-55939-282-2 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 1-55939-282-7 (alk. paper) 1. Buddhism—China—Tibet. 2. Tibet (China)—Religion. I. Title. BQ7604.P69 2007 294.3’923—dc22 2007019309 ITTB_Interior 9/20/07 2:23 PM Page 5 Table of Contents Preface 11 Technical Note 17 Introduction 21 Part One: The Indian Background 1. Buddhism in India 31 The Buddha 31 The Buddha’s Life and Lives 34 Epilogue 56 2. Some Important Buddhist Doctrines 63 Cyclic Existence 63 Appearance and Reality 71 3. Meditation 81 The Role of Meditation in Indian and Tibetan Buddhism 81 Stabilizing and Analytical Meditation 85 The Five Buddhist Paths 91 4. -
China Shaping Tibet for Strategic Leverage
MANEKSHAW PAPER No. 70, 2018 China Shaping Tibet for Strategic Leverage Praggya Surana D W LAN ARFA OR RE F S E T R U T D N IE E S C CLAWS VI CT N OR ISIO Y THROUGH V KNOWLEDGE WORLD Centre for Land Warfare Studies KW Publishers Pvt Ltd New Delhi New Delhi Editorial Team Editor-in-Chief : Lt Gen Balraj Nagal ISSN 23939729 D W LAN ARFA OR RE F S E T R U T D N IE E S C CLAWS VI CT N OR ISIO Y THROUGH V Centre for Land Warfare Studies RPSO Complex, Parade Road, Delhi Cantt, New Delhi 110010 Phone: +91.11.25691308 Fax: +91.11.25692347 email: [email protected] website: www.claws.in CLAWS Army No. 33098 The Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi, is an autonomous think-tank dealing with national security and conceptual aspects of land warfare, including conventional and sub-conventional conflicts and terrorism. CLAWS conducts research that is futuristic in outlook and policy-oriented in approach. © 2018, Centre for Land Warfare Studies (CLAWS), New Delhi Disclaimer: The contents of this paper are based on the analysis of materials accessed from open sources and are the personal views of the author. The contents, therefore, may not be quoted or cited as representing the views or policy of the Government of India, or Integrated Headquarters of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) (Army), or the Centre for Land Warfare Studies. KNOWLEDGE WORLD www.kwpub.com Published in India by Kalpana Shukla KW Publishers Pvt Ltd 4676/21, First Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110002 Phone: +91 11 23263498 / 43528107 email: [email protected] l www.kwpub.com Contents Introduction 1 1. -
The Tulku System in Tibetan Buddhism: Its Reliability, Orthodoxy and Social Impacts
The Tulku System in Tibetan Buddhism: Its Reliability, Orthodoxy and Social Impacts By Ramin Etesami A thesis submitted to the graduate school in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at the International Buddhist College, Thailand March, 20 Abstract The Tulku institution is a unique characteristic of Tibetan Buddhism with a central role in this tradition, to the extent that it is present in almost every aspect of Tibet’s culture and tradition. However, despite this central role and the scope and diversity of the socio-religious aspects of the institution, only a few studies have so far been conducted to shed light on it. On the other hand, an aura of sacredness; distorted pictures projected by the media and film industries;political propaganda and misinformation; and tendencies to follow a pattern of cult behavior; have made the Tulku institution a highly controversial topic for research; and consequently, an objective study of the institution based on a critical approach is difficult. The current research is an attempt to comprehensively examine different dimensions of the Tulku tradition with an emphasis on the issue of its orthodoxy with respect to the core doctrines of Buddhism and the social implications of the practice. In this research, extreme caution has been practiced to firstly, avoid any kind of bias rooted in faith and belief; and secondly, to follow a scientific methodology in reviewing evidence and scriptures related to the research topic. Through a comprehensive study of historical accounts, core Buddhist texts and hagiographic literature, this study has found that while the basic Buddhist doctrines allow the possibility for a Buddhist teacher or an advanced practitioner to “return back to accomplish his tasks, the lack of any historical precedence which can be viewed as a typical example of the practice in early Buddhism makes the issue of its orthodoxy equivocal and relative. -
Guruswamy&Singh India China Relations – Chapter 3
Mohan Guruswamy and Zorawar Daulet Singh, India China Relations: The Border Issue and Beyond, Viva Books, New Delhi, 2009. ISBN: 8130911957 HB. INDIA CHINA RELATIONS 38 CHAPTER 3 India, Tibet and China Tibet is India’s biggest geographical neighbour, whether under Chinese control or otherwise. The Indo-Tibetan border begins in the eastern most tip of India in Arunachal Pradesh and ends in the icy heights of the Karakoram Range. Tibet’s influence is seen all over India’s Himalayan region where the Tibetan strain of Mahayana Buddhism predominates. There are over 120 Buddhist monasteries in India’s Himalayan region where the Dalai Lama is venerated as the head of the faith. The languages of Ladakh, Sikkim and Bhutan are variants of Tibetan. The great gompas of Thigse, Shey, Rumtek or Tawang are architecturally similar to the gompas of Tibet and what happens inside them is just the same. India’s ecclesiastical links with Tibet are well established. While Tibet has a distinct identity–its own religion, language, and history–in their fabric of civilization, the Tibetans borrowed their impulses from India. In sum, the ties between India and Tibet were spiritual bonds that go back almost two millennia, Mohan Guruswamy and Zorawar Daulet Singh, India China Relations: The Border Issue and Beyond, Viva Books, New Delhi, 2009. ISBN: 8130911957 HB. INDIA, TIBET AND CHINA 39 which were essentially of a non-military and non-political character, albeit with nominal overland commerce. 1 As Nehru remarked, ‘Tibet, culturally speaking, is an offshoot of India.’ 2 This is in direct contrast to Chinese influence in the temporal sphere. -
Changes in the Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Inbound Tourism Flows in Tibet Based on Geotagged Photographs
E3S Web of Conferences 251, 03009 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125103009 TEES 2021 Changes in the spatial and temporal characteristics of inbound tourism flows in Tibet based on geotagged photographs HuaJian Gao1, a, NaiXia Mou1, b* 1 College of Geomatics, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China Abstract: With the further advent of the era of big data, the scale of social media data containing geolocation information is exploding, providing a new source of big data information and perspective for an in-depth study of the changing spatio-temporal and geographical characteristics of the current tourist population. This paper extracts data on popular attractions in the Tibet Autonomous Region using the HDBSCAN algorithm combined with the TF-IDF algorithm based on information on images with geotags shared by users in the Flickr image sharing site from 2005-2018. Social network analysis was used to explore the changes in the spatial and temporal characteristics of inbound tourism flows in Tibet. The results show that: (1) in terms of temporal characteristics, the number of inbound tourists shows obvious off-peak seasons, with relatively high sensitivity to the influence of economic, policy and infrastructure construction factors; (2) in terms of spatial distribution characteristics, the inbound tourism flow in Tibet shows an "axis-scattered" distribution. The core area is centred on Lhasa and extends in three directions: west, north and east along important roads. temporal information such as check-in times and latitude 1 Introduction and longitude, making it an ideal data source for studying inbound tourism flows[7].