Published by The American Physiological Society Integrating the Life Sciences from Molecule to Organism The PhysiologistPhysiologist

Education in the Responsible Conduct of Research Presented at the Annual Meeting of the INSIDE Association of Chairs of Departments of Physiology Michael D. Mann, Nebraska Medical Center

Open Does Not Michael Kalichman, University of California, San Diego COMING Mean Free! Francis L. Macrina, Virginia Commonwealth University AUGUST p. 151 2004! Summary affirm that honest error or differences Here we present a synopsis of teach- of opinion do not constitute scientific 157th Business News in ing responsible conduct of research misconduct. Physiological Meeting (RCR) to trainees in biomedical sci- In 1985, Congress enacted legislation Sciences p.156 ences, summarize the origins of the still requiring that any institution applying evolving definition of RCR and provide for or holding a grant from an agency of (NIPS) will be an introduction to the goals, content, the Public Health Service (PHS) have a renamed IUPS Congress and strategies for teaching RCR. These defined process for reviewing miscon- should be particularly useful for those duct allegations and for reporting to the p. 166 Physiology contemplating changes in existing RCR Secretary of Health and Human with a new courses or the creation of new ones. Services any investigations of “scientif- cover and Third Gulf Coast ic fraud” that appeared to be “substan- Scientific Misconduct and RCR tial.” The late 1980s saw the creation of exciting new Physiological Scientific misconduct has contributed an oversight and regulatory infrastruc- content. Society Meeting significantly to the increased attention ture that ultimately led to the inception to the Responsible Conduct of Research of the Office of Research Integrity p. 175 (RCR). In the 1980s and 1990s, defining (ORI), a component of the Department scientific misconduct accompanied gov- of Health and Human Services (DHHS). APS/IUPS ernmental and institutional activities Definitions of scientific misconduct on RCR policies and education. Both were promulgated by agencies such as Relaunch NIPS as lengthy and concise definitions of scien- the DHHS and the National Science Physiology tific misconduct have appeared, have Foundation, as well as scientific soci- p. 184 been modified, and continue to evolve. eties and individual research institu- But common denominators remain tions. A history of these events may be throughout and are summarized as fol- found on the ORI web site 2003 Impact lows. Scientific misconduct is fabrica- (http://ori.dhhs.gov/html/about/histori- tion, falsification, or plagiarism in pro- cal.asp). Factors are posing, performing, reviewing or report- It was in response to well-publicized Published by ing research. Fabrication is making up cases of scientific misconduct that leg- Thomson/ISI data and recording or reporting them. islative bodies and funding agencies Falsification is manipulating research began to mandate some kind of training p. 186 materials, equipment, or processes, or in (RCR). However, as is often the case, changing or omitting data so as to mis- no definition of RCR was offered. Thus, represent the research. Plagiarism is it has been largely defined by the edu- the appropriation of another person’s cational requirements of federal fund- ideas, processes, results, or words with- ing agencies like the National out proper attribution. Most definitions (continued on page 152)

Volume 47, No. 4 - August 2004 www.the-aps.org 149 Published bimonthly and distributed by The American Physiological TheThe Society 9650 Rockville Pike PhysiologistPhysiologist Bethesda, Maryland 20814-3991 ISSN 0031-9376

D. Neil Granger President John A. Williams Contents Past President Douglas C. Eaton President-Elect Martin Frank Education in the Responsible Undergraduate Research Editor and Executive Director Conduct of Research Highlighted at EB 181 Councillors Michael Mann, Michael Carole M. Liedtke, Thomas E. Kalichman, Francis Macrina 149 Publications Lohmeier, Virginia M. Miller, APS/IUPS Relaunch NIPS as Helen E. Raybould, Jeff M. Sands, Open Does Not Mean Free! Physiology with New Features, Charles M. Tipton, Irving H. Zucker A Matter of Opinion 151 Outlook and Integrated Design184 2003 Impact Factors Are Ex Officio 157th APS Business Meeting 156 Published by Thomson/ISI 186 Susan Barman, Dale Benos, Graduate Students and Keeping Track of All Those Robert G. Carroll, Postdoctoral Fellows Receive Searches in the Online Curt D. Sigmund, Peter D. Wagner Caroline tum Suden/Frances A. Journals 187 Hellebrandt Professional Publications Committee: Opportunity Awards 164 Public Affairs Chairman: Dale J. Benos; Procter & Gamble Professional House Proposes 2.6% Increase Members: Penelope A. Hansen, Opportunity Awards 165 for NIH; New Grants Would Mark A. Knepper, Hershel Raff, D. Decrease by 460 188 Eugene Rannels. Director of IUPS Congress USDA Reviews Status of Rats, Publications: Margaret Reich. Design and Copy Editor: Joelle R. Tentative Program 166 Mice and Birds Not Bred for Grossnickle. Free Standing (Non-track) Research 188 Subscriptions: Distributed to Symposia 170 Society for Neuroscience Signs members as part of their member- Free Standing (Non-track) onto DC Principles 189 ship. Nonmembers in the USA: Featured Topics 170 individuals $60.00; institutions Senior Physiologists’ News 190 $90.00. Nonmembers in Canada Membership and Mexico: individuals $65.00; institutions $95.00. Nonmembers New Regular Members 171 Book Reviews 192 elsewhere: individuals $70.00; New Student Members 172 institutions $100.00. Single copies New Affiliate Member 174 Books Received 193 and back issues when available, Recently Deceased Members 174 $20.00 each; single copies and back People & Places 193 issues of Abstracts issues when available, $30.00. Subscribers to Chapter News The Physiologist also receive The Third Gulf Coast Positions Available 195 abstracts of the Conferences of the Physiological Society Meeting 175 American Physiological Society. Announcements The American Physiological Society Education Current Concepts in Cancer Pain assumes no responsibility for the APS Recognizes Outstanding Management; A Multidisciplinary statements and opinions advanced High School Students at the 55th Case-Based Symposium 202 by contributors to The Physiologist. Annual International Science International Course on Laboratory Deadline for submission of materi- and Engineering Fair 176 Animal Science 203 al for publication: Jan. 10, February R. Clinton Webb Receives First European Respiratory Society: issue; March 10, April issue; May 10, June issue; July 10, August Bodil M. Schmidt-Nielsen Monitoring of Airway Diseases203 issue; Sept. 10, October issue; Nov. Distinguished Mentor and European Respiratory Society: 10, December issue. Scientist Award 177 Cystic Fibrosis 203 Please notify the APS Member- Undergraduate Students Receive ship Department as soon as pos- David S. Bruce Awards for Scientific Meetings sible if you change your address Excellence in Undergraduate and Congresses 204 or telephone number. Research 178 Headquarters phone: 301-634-7118 Summer Research Teachers Fax: 301-634-7241 and Research Hosts Honored Email: [email protected] http://www.the-aps.org at Luncheon 180 Printed in the USA

150 The Physiologist Opinion Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Open Does Not Mean Free! The world of scientific and medical fails to recognize the tremendous The term “open access” is actually publishing has found itself embroiled strides made by both not-for-profit something of a misnomer when it in a bitter controversy about the and commercial publishers to make comes to describing online journal future of academic publishing and the content available immediately online publishing. While readers enjoy free dissemination of information. Several and to increase the number of articles access to these publications, authors months ago the controversy stimulat- freely available to the world. The are required to pay $1,500 (in the case ed a number of not-for-profit publish- members of the DC Principles of PLoS Biology) to have their work ers to issue the Washington DC Coalition have put over 500,000 arti- published, making it more accurately Principles for Free Access to Science cles online for free and they are active- termed “author pays.” The real cost of (http://www.dcprinciples.org). Several ly scanning their archival content publishing a scientific article can be weeks ago, the debate came front and (back to 1900 in some cases) making it $3,000-$4,500. Enterprises like PLoS center again when Public Library of available online for free. rely on a $9 million foundation startup Science Medicine, a new online journal The supporters of an “open access” grant to allow them to advocate for an that purportedly provides “open model contend that publication is the author-pays-model and to only charge access” to both readers and authors, final step of the research process and, the author a fraction of the publica- made a call for article submissions. thus, should be supported by research tions cost. Perhaps recognizing the Journals have played an integral grants provided by the Federal gov- inability to sustain this long-term, role in the advancement of scientific ernment or other funding agencies/ PLoS has added institutional mem- and medical research, knowledge, and organizations. Unfortunately, grants bership fees to their funding structure innovation since 1665—when the provided by the National Institutes of at levels that are higher than most Philosophical Transactions of the Health, the primary supporter of bio- subscription fees. Royal Society first appeared in medical research, are often awarded The open access business model has London. The thousands of journals in $25,000 modules that allow for implications far beyond the long-term published each year form a vast repos- some flexibility in how to use the viability of the journals. It means that itory of learning and discovery—our monies, but not enough to allow the well-funded scientists and institutions intellectual heritage, if you will—that research investigator to make realistic have an advantage over their less cannot be easily duplicated or recreat- choices. Should funds be used to sup- affluent colleagues when it comes to ed. Put simply, journals help to drive port the supplies and personnel to do scientific publishing. Moreover, it’s science forward. the research or the cost of publication? likely that colleges and universities In the past, research investigators As the head of a research lab was will have to absorb the cost of this chose in which journal to publish by overheard asking, should funds be “pay-for-play” system, further taxing considering its prestige and the cost of used to pay the health insurance pre- already overburdened budgets. And publication. Generally speaking, miums for the graduate students sup- those universities with the most pro- authors could choose to publish in ported on a grant or the author fees lific researchers will end up paying commercial journals with no author associated with the publication of a the most. fees or an association journal with manuscript? The bottom line is that not-for-prof- page charges. With over 5,000 scientif- In the US, the supporters of PLoS it and commercial publishing has ic journals to choose from, scientists are attempting to influence funding proven a successful model for advanc- could choose from a wide-range of agencies to adopt policies and to ear- ing scientific knowledge and discovery journals with varying fee structures mark funds in order to advance open for over two centuries. This model and prestige. In addition, the author access. In the UK, a committee in the ensures the integrity and preservation could choose whether to publish in a House of Commons is currently con- of our intellectual heritage and pro- journal that provided free access ducting an inquiry regarding the pric- vides the technology and tools to make immediately or within two months, six ing and availability of scientific publi- that heritage ever more widely avail- months or 12 months. The reality of cations. Open access advocates are able. The result: scientists and doctors the online publishing world was that also seeking Congressional support for can do their jobs better. We believe both not-for-profit and commercial the principles of open access through that a free society allows for the co- publishers provided authors with legislative efforts, including Rep. existence of many publishing models, choices that met the needs of the sci- Martin Sabo’s effort last year to elimi- including an author pays model, and entific and medical community. nate copyright on federally funded therefore believe that it would be fool- The advocates of the open access research. Can we realistically expect ish and dangerous to do away with one model of publishing contend that the NIH and the federal government model for another that remains large- access to content and information is to cover the full cost of publication at ly unproven. v hindered in the current publishing a time of budgetary constraint? After environment and that the only answer all, this is the same government that Martin Frank, is to change the existing publishing has threatened to eliminate funding Executive Director, APS models and charge the author to allow for one of this country’s most success- for immediate open access to the arti- ful science projects, the Hubble Space cle. This is a worthy goal but one that Telescope.

151 The Physiologist Education in Research Conduct Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

(continued from page 149) allegations in scientific research. because society sees value in research. Institutes of Health (NIH). Such Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, In effect, we have a contractual obliga- requirements first appeared almost 15 high-profile cases of alleged scientific tion to deliver a research product that years ago when the NIH mandated misconduct came under public scruti- has value and, by extension, integrity. education in RCR for pre- and post- ny and formal investigation. Aware- It is worth noting that our ethical doctoral students whose support came ness of and sensitivity to scientific obligations to promote RCR education from NIH training grants. By default, misconduct grew dramatically during are paralleled by clear practical impli- content areas suggested by federal this time as reporters and writers cations. The productivity of our agencies largely have included protec- made it a public issue. However, it also research groups will be enhanced if tions for human and animal subjects follows from the realization that part our trainees understand and nurture of research, data management, publi- of research training should include their responsibilities as scientists. cation practices, peer review, collabo- exposure to the proper practice of sci- Scientists will be better able to build rations, mentoring, research miscon- ence. For this reason, viable RCR on the work of their peers if the stan- duct, and conflicts of interest1. instruction programs have been in dards of scientific conduct are suffi- Other topics sometimes included in place at some institutions for nearly ciently clear to have decreased the RCR instruction, but not part of the 20 years. To many scientists and risk that flawed work will be reported. mandated list, are the appropriate use observers of science, such training Finally, the public will be less likely to of research grant funds, environmen- seems to be a good idea, but it isn’t call for a withdrawal of the privilege to tal health and safety, sexual harass- readily apparent why we favor teach- conduct research, and more likely to ment, and discrimination. These topics ing RCR or what goals we should have increase support for research, if it has are often omitted from such instruc- for RCR instruction. an assurance that we take that privi- tion because they do not involve mis- One reason to teach RCR is simply lege seriously. conduct specific to science, and sepa- that it is required. Although this is not rate agencies regulate, monitor, and true for everyone, we are obligated What are the goals for teaching prescribe training in such areas (e.g., under current federal regulations to RCR? environmental health and safety provide instruction for trainees fund- The design of an effective program would be covered by regulations of the ed by NIH training grants (NIH 1992) of instruction will depend first on US Nuclear Regulatory Commission and to key personnel for studies of defining our intended goals. This is and US Department of Labor human subjects (NIH 2000). In addi- not as simple as it might at first seem. Occupational Safety and Health tion, for a short time, a PHS policy Based on an ongoing study (Kalich- Administration). called for instruction of everyone fund- man, Paik, Smith, and Roth, in The authors do not agree with the ed by the PHS for research or training progress), it has become apparent that equation of the responsible conduct of (PHS 2000). Complying with federal even the most experienced teachers of research with the absence of scientific regulations is certainly an appropriate RCR have very different goals. misconduct. Clearly, the absence of sci- end in itself. However, a case can be This study included three phases, entific misconduct is necessary, but made that we should not teach RCR two of which are now complete: (1) an not sufficient. Responsible science also solely because we must do so, but informal survey of nationally recog- requires adherence to “best practices” rather because we should do so. nized leaders in RCR education, and of research design, data collection and The teaching of RCR is an ethical (2) focus group discussions with RCR analysis, and students must learn how responsibility for any concerned scien- instructors and others interested in best to record, store, and share their tist. First and foremost, we have an RCR education. The third phase, now data. Inclusion of these topics goes obligation to our trainees. The next underway, is based on interviews with well beyond the instruction required generation of scientists must be clear faculty identified by program directors by the NIH and other agencies. about their responsibilities as of NIH training grants funded in researchers. Such responsibilities are 2000. Although data collection and Why teach RCR? too diverse and often too complex to be analyses are not complete, it is clear The origins of formal RCR education relegated to chance and informal that the goals of RCR instruction are can be traced to congressional hear- socialization. Second, we have an obli- multiple and varied. The range of ings that date back to the early 1980s. gation to the discipline of science. The goals most frequently identified can be These hearings were prompted by an accumulation of new knowledge categorized as seen in Table 1. increased awareness of misconduct depends on the trustworthiness of Clearly, it is not yet possible to what is reported. If scientists value definitively state what combination of their profession, then it follows that these goals is essential for any RCR 1Many, but not all of the topics listed above are included in the APS-ACDP they should have an explicit commit- course. However, it is fair to say that Professional Skill List (http://www.the- ment to promoting the integrity of meeting some combination of these aps.org/education/skills.htm), which research. Third, we have an obligation goals would improve the research does not specifically address scientific to the public, which grants us the priv- environment and is, thereby, worthy of misconduct and appropriate responses ilege of performing research studies. our consideration. to it. Perhaps a future revision will Our funding, space, and opportunities include this topic. are, for the most part, made possible

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What should be taught about subtopics such as the definition of sibilities, and the pressure to publish. RCR? research involving animals, ethical (http://www.sfn.org/guidelines/, The first and subsequent publica- principles for conducting research on http://www.acponline.org/journals/res tions of RCR instructional require- animals, federal regulations governing ource/unifreqr.htm, http://pubs.acs. ments provided a suggested list of cur- animal research, institutional animal org:80/instruct/ethic.html) riculum topics. The most comprehen- care and use committees, and treat- Peer review: the purpose of peer sive description of RCR instructional ment of animals. (http://grants.nih. review in determining merit for core areas appeared in the ORI policy gov/grants/olaw/references/phspol.ht research funding and publications. announced in 2000 and suspended in m; http://grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/ This topic includes subtopics such as, 2001. This may be accessed at: tutorial/index.htm; http://grants.nih. the definition of peer review, impar- http://ori.dhhs.gov/html/programs/fina gov/grants/olaw/references/hrea1985. tiality, how peer review works, editori- lpolicy.asp. The core topic descriptions htm) al boards and ad hoc reviewers, are given below. These are, for the Data acquisition, management, responsibilities of the reviewers, privi- most part, taken verbatim from the sharing, and ownership: accepted leged information and confidentiality. ORI web site; in some cases slight practices for acquiring and maintain- (http://ori.hhs.gov/html/programs/rcr- modifications have been made. ing research data; proper methods for contents.asp) Moreover, the order has been changed record keeping and electronic data col- Mentor/trainee relationships: to coincide with the list of topics given lection and storage in scientific the responsibilities of mentors and above. Following the description of research. Along with defining what trainees in predoctoral and postdoc- each core area, one or more URLs are constitutes data, this topic includes toral research programs. This topic provided that will take the reader to data storage in notebooks or electron- includes the role of a mentor, responsi- web sites that will provide more infor- ic files; data privacy and confidentiali- bilities of a mentor, conflicts between mation on the topic. ty; data selection, retention, sharing, mentor and trainee, collaboration and Human subjects: issues important in ownership, and analysis; and data as competition, selection of a mentor, and conducting research involving human legal documents and intellectual prop- abusing the mentor/trainee relation- subjects. This topic includes subtopics erty, including copyright laws. ship. (http://www1.od.nih.gov/oir/ such as the definition of human sub- (http://rgp.ufl.edu/otl/goodrecords.html, sourcebook/ethic-conduct/mentor- jects research, ethical principles for http://www.fccc.edu/ethics/Record guide.htm, http://www.nap.edu/read- conducting human subjects research, Keeping.html, http://www.nap.edu/ ingroom/books/mentor/, http://dark- informed consent, confidentiality and catalog/10613.html) wing.uoregon.edu/~gradsch/guide- privacy of data and patient records, Publication practices and responsi- lines.html) risks and benefits, preparation of a ble authorship: the purpose and Collaborative science: research col- research protocol, institutional review importance of scientific publication, laborations and issues that may arise boards, adherence to study protocol, and the responsibilities of the authors. from such collaborations. This topic proper conduct of the study, and spe- This topic includes subtopics such as includes subtopics such as setting cial protections for targeted popula- collaborative work and assigning ground rules early in the collabora- tions, e.g., children, minorities, and appropriate credit, acknowledgments, tion, avoiding authorship disputes, the elderly. (http://ohrp.osophs.dhhs. appropriate citations, repetitive publi- and the sharing of materials and gov/) cations, fragmentary publication, suf- information with internal and exter- Research involving animals: issues ficient description of methods, correc- nal collaborating scientists. (http:// important to conducting research tions and retractions, conventions for ethics.ucsd.edu/courses/integrity/assig involving animals. This topic includes deciding upon authors, author respon- nments/collaboration.html#intro) Research misconduct: the meaning Table 1. Goals of RCR Instruction. of research misconduct and the regu- Category Examples lations, policies, and guidelines that govern research misconduct in PHS- Knowledge Rules, regulations, policies, and guidelines funded institutions. This topic Options, tools and resources for addressing ethical challenges includes subtopics such as fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism; error vs. Skills Moral reasoning intentional misconduct; institutional Ethical decision-making misconduct policies; identifying mis- People management conduct; procedures for reporting mis- Conflict resolution conduct; protection of whistleblowers; and outcomes of investigations, Attitudes Positive disposition toward RCR Identification with the subjects of research including institutional and federal actions. (http://ori.dhhs.gov/) Behaviors Acting to increase transparency of ethical issues Conflict of interest and commitment: through discussion the definition of conflicts of interest Decreased likelihood of committing research misconduct Refine and define community standards of conduct (continued on page 154)

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(continued from page 153) discussions. Their advantages are that dent to hide and not participate. This and how to handle conflicts of interest: they can be advertised as special method allows faculty to remain in the types of conflicts encountered by events, they provide an opportunity background–—lecturing is nearly researchers and institutions. This for intense focus on single topics or a impossible. Because students write topic includes subtopics such as con- survey of several topics. However, their comments, they are apt to think flicts associated with collaborators, because only a single meeting is held them through more carefully than those associated with publication, there is no opportunity for follow-up or they would in the heat of a classroom financial conflicts, obligations to other discussion of assignments. discussion. One disadvantage is that constituencies, and other types of con- For examples see: Survival Skills trainees may choose to prepare less flicts. (http://grants.nih.gov/grants/ and Ethics, University of Pittsburgh than for face-to-face encounters. guide/notice-files/not95-179.html, (http://www.edc.gsph.pitt.edu/sur- Unless faculty members act as moder- http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/nih vival); Clinical Research Workshops, ators, discussion can become long and gps/part_ii_2.htm#conflictint, University of California, San Diego, unfocused. For examples see: Research http://www.research.sunysb.edu/resea (http://ethics.ucsd.edu/workshops/CR Ethics, University of Nebraska rch/policies/nsfcoi.txt) W). Medical Center (http://www.unmc.edu/ Discussion series. Discussion series ethics); Scientific Integrity, University How should RCR be taught? are repeated meetings, typically of of California, San Diego (http://ethics. Once the decision has been made to one to three hours in duration and ucsd.edu/courses/integrity). start instruction in RCR, it is appro- that provide a forum for discussion Ethics in the Core Curriculum. The priate to ask what sort of instruction that can be extended. Extensive facul- most efficient way of offering instruc- to offer. There are a number of possi- ty involvement is an advantage. Such tion in RCR is to make ethics an bilities—each has advantages and dis- series provide an opportunity to define inseparable part of professional train- advantages. community standards with respect to ing–—ethics is inserted as just anoth- Courses. Courses provide repeated RCR. This format may be more appro- er aspect of that training. Good men- meetings with possibility for assign- priate for senior trainees; new stu- tors make it part of lab meetings and ments and discussion of homework dents may be intimidated by close con- individual or group discussions. It can exercises. There is often ample time tact with faculty. It is important to be inserted into other courses such as for extended discussion because the keep group size small to facilitate dis- writing courses as topics for writing courses typically meet one to three cussion. For examples see: Biomedical assignments. This requires conscious hours per week and are mixtures of Ethics Seminar Series, University of commitment to RCR on the part of lectures and discussions. Advantages California, San Diego (http://ethics. mentors. of courses include the possibility for ucsd.edu/seminars). For examples see: Scientific Writing trainees to develop rapport and confi- Ethics seminars. Another way to Course, University of Nebraska dence, homework assignments can provide instruction in RCR is through (http://perweb.unmc.edu:8080/~writ- continue between course meetings, periodic ethics seminars that may be ing/), Ethics and Survival Skills, and principles common to many ethi- mixed into ongoing departmental, lab University of Pittsburgh, (http://www. cal situations (e.g., basic principles of or other similar seminar series. One edc.gsph.pitt.edu/survival). decision-making) can be emphasized advantage of this approach is that no Conferences. Opportunities for and re-emphasized. There are many additional time is required for instruc- trainees to attend national confer- who think that lectures are not the tion. Discussions can take place with- ences on RCR are increasing in fre- optimum method of instruction for in a specific research group, thereby quency. They offer training by experi- RCR; courses can degenerate into sim- emphasizing topics in ethics as having enced instructors, presenting up-to- ple lecture series without opportunity as much importance as other topics of date materials. Attendance by individ- for discussion or contemplation of research. One problem with this uals from many institutions lends an issues. This should not be a problem if approach is that issues common to ecumenical flavor. The primary disad- instruction is at least partly case- various topics (e.g., Federal guide- vantage is that not everyone has the based. Busy schedules make commit- lines) may receive less emphasis in the resources to or will attend. For exam- ment to repeated meetings difficult. context of specific discussions. ples see: Survival Skills and Ethics, For examples see: Scientific Internet-based Training. Busy University of Pittsburgh, (http://www. Integrity Course, Virginia Common- schedules can be accommodated by edc.gsph.pitt.edu/survival), Teaching wealth University (http://www.vcu. offering internet-based training Research Ethics, Indiana University, edu/courses/rcr); Scientific Ethics because this can be accessed by stu- (http://www.indiana.edu/~poynter/tre. Course, University of California, San dents from nearly anywhere, whenev- html), RCR101, Public Responsibility Diego (http://ethics.ucsd.edu/courses/ er they wish to do so. Repeated meet- in Medicine and Research (PRIM&R), ethics). ings, homework assignments, extend- (http://www.primr.org/conferences.html). Workshops. Workshops are typically ed discussions and links to relevant Different techniques are available one-day events of variable duration resources are all easily accomplished for use in these different approaches. that can be reviews of relevant through email, chat rooms, etc. During Lectures can be used in most resources, regulations or guidelines, such discussions, everyone can have a approaches, but most instructors invited guest lecturers or case-based voice; in fact, it is difficult for one stu- agree that discussion or case studies

154 The Physiologist Education in Research Conduct Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 are more appropriate. Online or email content should be evaluated regularly 7. Macrina FL. Scientific Integrity: An discussions are always possible and and adjusted as needed. Fostering life- Introductory Text with Cases (second especially appropriate for internet- long learning is an important goal for edition). Washington, DC: American based instruction. Role-playing is used RCR instruction delivery to both Society for Microbiology Press, 2000. less often, but can be a useful way to trainees and scientists. help trainees examine their responses 8. NIH. Requirement for Instruction in to ethical dilemmas. Many movies References the Responsible Conduct of Research (e.g., “Fat Man, Little Boy,” “Miss in National Research Service Award Evers’ Boys,” “Do Scientists Cheat?”) 1. Barnbaum, DR and Byron, M. Institutional Training Grants. NIH and plays (e.g., Robert G. Martin’s Research Ethics: Text and Readings. Guide (27 November 1992) “Stampede of Zebras”) have been used Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice- http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/noti successfully in RCR instruction to Hall, Inc., 2001. ce-files/not92-236.html. present ideas and stimulate discus- [1 March 2004] sion. Assignments for both reading 2. Bulger, R, Heitman, E, and Reiser, and writing can be used to expose SJ. The Ethical Dimensions of the 9. NIH. Required Education in the trainees to new ideas and allow them Biological Sciences. Second Edition. Protection of Human Research to express their own. The authors of New York: Cambridge University Participants. NIH Guide (25 August this paper have successfully used sur- Press, 2002. 2000) http://grants.nih.gov/grants/ veys to help trainees examine their guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-00- own opinions and compare theirs with 3. Elliott, D and Stern, J. Research 039.html. [1 March 2004] those of others (see http://www.cours- Ethics—A Reader. Hanover, NH: es.vcu.edu/rcr/Main%20pages/micr510 University Press of New England, 10. Penslar, RL. ed. Research Ethics: .htm). 1997. Cases and Materials. Bloomington, IN: Indiana. University Press, 1995. Conclusion 4. Historical Background of HHS The creation of courses in RCR edu- Office of Research Integrity (26 April 11. PHS. PHS Policy on Instruction in cation largely has occurred in 2002). http://ori.dhhs.gov/html/about/ the Responsible Conduct of Research response to Federal mandates. This aboutori.asp. [1 March 2004] (RCR)- Suspended (1 December 2000) teaching field is still new and curricu- http://ori.dhhs.gov/html/programs/fina lum content has been primarily driven 5. Kalichman, MW. Online Resource lpolicy.asp. [1 March 2004] by the suggestions made the NIH, the for Instruction in Responsible Conduct ORI, and some other Federal agencies. of Research. http://rcrec.org . [1 March 12. Shamoo, AE and Resnick, DB. Multiple approaches to teaching RCR 2004] Responsible Conduct of Research. New have been developed and tried with York: Oxford University Press, 2003. success. Delivery strategy does not fit 6. Korenman, SG and Shipp, AC. any prescriptive method, and the Teaching Responsible Conduct of 13. Stern, J and Elliott, D. The Ethics needs of individual institutions should Research Through a Case Study of Scientific Research—A Guidebook be carefully considered when deciding Approach: A Handbook for Instructors. for Course Development. Hanover, on course design and content. With Washington, DC: AAMC, 1994. NH: University Press of New England, nascent policies at Federal, institu- 1997. tional, and other levels, curriculum

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155 The Physiologist 157th Business Meeting Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Time: 5:45 PM, Tuesday,April 20, 2004 may nominate no more than one can- IV. State of the Society Place: Washington, DC didate for each office. If a member President John A. Williams wishes to nominate the same person addressed the membership and spoke I. Call to Order for President Elect and for Councillor, on the state of the Society. He told the The meeting was called to order at he/she must nominate that individual membership that over the past year, 5:45 PM by President John A. for each position. APS has moved into its new head- Williams, who welcomed the mem- c. Election of Officers. Election of the quarters at FASEB, instituted new bers to the 157th Business Meeting of President Elect and members of programs and awards, met a signifi- the American Physiological Society. A Council shall be made by mail ballot, cant financial challenge, and began booklet containing the agenda and a on forms provided by the Executive preparations for a new Strategic Plan. listing of all the APS award recipients Director, prior to the Spring Business Society Finances was distributed. Meeting. Each voting member must Williams said that in 2003, APS indicate on the ballot his/her choice of appeared to be heading towards a II. Election of Officers the candidate for office. The candi- deficit, but due to cost containment Executive Director Martin Frank date(s) receiving the most votes shall measures, the Society was able to end announced the results of the election be elected. In case of a tie vote, the deci- 2003 with a positive balance of of officers that was conducted by mail sion shall be made by lot. Ballots will $300,000. The Society is also on track ballot. The membership elected be counted according to the Election for a budgeted modest surplus in Douglas C. Eaton, Emory University Plan. Two ballots, one for President 2004. He said that the APS staff had School of Medicine, GA, as President- Elect and one for Council, will be done a good job with cost containment, Elect (April 21, 2004-April 5, 2005). mailed together. The results of the elec- and the rate of inflation had also The three newly elected Councillors tion will be announced at the Spring helped. Unfortunately, the long-term for three-year terms are Carole M. Meeting of the Society and the newly projections still show expenses grow- Liedtke, Case Western Reserve elected officers shall take office at the ing faster than income. As a result, University, Thomas E. Lohmeier, close of the Spring Meeting of Council. Council is trying to find ways to University of Mississippi Medical ARTICLE V. Standing Commit- increase revenue, and diversify Center, and Irving H. Zucker, tees income sources. Currently, the main University of Nebraska College of SECTION 2. Finance Committee. A source of income is the APS publica- Medicine (April 21, 2004-May 2, 2007). Finance Committee, composed of four tions. The Society will try to build up They will assume office at the close of five regular members of the Society the Endowment Program as a source the Annual Meeting. They are replac- appointed by Council, shall receive the of additional income. ing Kim E. Barrett and Joseph R. total coordinated budget proposals Publications Haywood, who are completing three- annually from the Executive Director In August 2004, the journal News in year terms on Council. and shall determine the annual budg- Physiological Science (NIPS) will be ets, reserve funds and investments of renamed Physiology. The journal has a III. Proposed Amendments the Society, subject to approval by the new Editor-in-Chief, Walter Boron, to the Bylaws Council. The term of each member of and a new editorial board. Physiology In compliance with the Bylaws of the Finance Committee shall be three will have a new format, professionally the Society, the proposed amendments years; a member may not serve more done artwork, and more color. The to the Bylaws to 1) allow APS the flex- than two consecutive terms. The publication will continue to include ibility to nominate and elect officers Council shall designate the short review articles. by mail and/or electronic ballot; and 2) Chairperson of the Committee who New editors have been chosen for increase the membership of the shall be an ex officio member of the Physiological Genomics, AJP: Heart Finance Committee from four to five Council, without vote. On advice of the and Circulatory Physiology, and AJP: members was put before the member- Finance Committee and consent of Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. ship for a vote. The proposed amend- Council, the Executive Director shall Williams said that the journal impact ments were published in The be empowered to appoint and compen- factors remain high, and are in the top Physiologist [46(6): 357, 2003]. sate a Business Manager who shall 10% of scientific journals. Physiologi- The motion was unanimously passed assist in carrying out the functions of cal Genomics is experimenting with by the membership approving the the Finance Committee under the an open access policy. Since July 2003, amendments to the Bylaws as follows: supervision of the Executive Director. 16% of the accepted manuscripts have The Past President shall serve as a been published through open access. ARTICLE IV. Officers voting member of the Finance The journal Advances in Physiology SECTION 4. a. Nomination of Committee. The President Elect, Education will be available to the Officers. Nominations for President President, Executive Director, the membership in either paper or elec- Elect and for members of Council will Chairperson of the Publications tronic format. be made by mail ballot, on forms pro- Committee, and the Business Manager The complete content of the Legacy vided by the Executive Director, before shall be ex officio members of the Project will be online by summer in a January 1 of each year. Each member Finance Committee, without vote. searchable format. The content will be

156 The Physiologist 157th Business Meeting Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 accessible through individual mem- Skills for Physiologists and Trainees Survey and will present position berships or through library subscrip- has been finalized and accepted, and is papers to Council before the retreat. tions. Williams said that the FASEB now available on the APS website. Williams thanked many of the APS Directory would eventually be an elec- Williams thanked Rob Carroll, chair Staff, including Martin Frank, Robert tronic-only directory. APS will proba- of the Education Committee, for his Price, Marsha Matyas, Margaret bly offer only the electronic version to leadership and hard work on the docu- Reich, Linda Allen, Alice Ra’anan, Sue members starting in 2006. ment. Work has begun to evaluate Sabur, and Linda Dresser, who have Williams reported on the ways in which undergraduate physiol- helped to make his presidency very Washington DC Principles for free ogy programs are set up as a way of successful. He also thanked all the access to science and how Frank had facilitating undergraduate physiology committee and section chairs, espe- spearheaded the drafting and presen- education. And the very successful cially Rob Carroll, Dale Benos and tation of the DC Principles. DC program, Frontiers in Physiology, has Peter Wagner, for all their hard work Principles was created to counteract been renewed for funding by NIH. and help. And thanked all members the open access supporters, and repre- Careers for making APS a great organization sents more than 50 scientific publish- APS has established a new commit- and for makig his year enjoyable and ers. tee, The Trainee Advisory Committee. rewarding. Meetings The committee consists of one gradu- Much of the past year has been ate student or postdoctoral fellow from V. Report on Membership spent planning the XXXV Congress of each section, a faculty advisor and a the IUPS, which will be held with EB council liaison member. The first A. Summary of the Membership Status 2005. The dates of the Congress are meeting of the Committee occurred at President-Elect D. Neil Granger March 31-April 5, 2005. The scientific EB 2004. reported on the status of the Society program, planned by the International APS has two new award programs. membership. As of March 1, 2004, the and US Programming Committees, The first is the Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen current membership of the Society is and the Joint Program Committee Distinguished Mentor and Scientist 9,866, of which 7,301 are regular (JPC), is mostly complete. Williams Award. The first awardee is Clinton members, 37 are honorary members, informed the membership that there Webb. The second award is the David 1,104 are emeritus members, 47 are will be two APS conferences in 2004. S. Bruce Award for Excellence in affiliate members, and 1,377 are stu- The first, “Immunological and Undergraduate Research. This year’s dent members. The Society also has Pathophysiological Mechanisms in David Bruce awardees are David 23 Sustaining Associate members. Inflammatory Bowel Disease,” will be Arnolds, Harvard University, held September 8-11, 2004 in Lauren Parish, Texas Tech B. Deaths Reported Since the Last Snowmass, CO; and the second, “The University, Jacob Rullo, McMaster Meeting Integrative Biology of Exercise,” will University, and Steven Smith, Granger read the names of those be held October 6-9, 2004 in Austin, Queen’s University. members whose deaths had been TX. One conference has been approved Society Governance reported since the last meeting. The for 2005. Williams said that many of For the first time, APS implemented membership stood and observed a APS’ conferences have been scientifi- online voting for society officers. moment of silence in tribute to their cally successful, but they did not draw Council also established the Council deceased colleagues. enough attendees to meet financial liaison program where each commit- expectations. Therefore, the JPC will tee is assigned a Council liaison mem- VI. Awards and Presentations be evaluating the format of the confer- ber. This program will aid with com- ence program at its June Committee munications between Council and the A.Ray G. Daggs Award meeting. committees. Also, this is the first year Ray G. Daggs was the APS Public Affairs of phasing in three new Councillors to Executive Secretary-Treasurer from Williams said that APS continues to increase the number of councillors 1956 until his retirement in 1972. In work with FASEB to advocate realistic from six to nine members. tribute to his devotion to the Society, increases for the NIH, NSF, and VA in Strategic Plan the Ray G. Daggs Award was estab- this post-doubling period. APS is par- A Strategic Planning retreat will be lished, and is given annually to a ticipating in the “Bridging the held in fall 2005 at which time a new physiologist for distinguished service Sciences” coalition and is participating five-year Strategic Plan will be devel- to the Society and to the science of financially in the Society for oped. To assist with the planning of a physiology. The 2004 Daggs Awardee Neuroscience initiative to counter ani- new Strategic Plan, a web-based is Alfred P. Fishman, University of mal personhood. APS has met with Membership Needs Questionnaire is Pennsylvania School of Medicine. NIH Director Elias Zerhouni on NIH’s being developed and will be available Fishman has been a distinguished support of Integrative Biology train- to the membership this fall. The plan- leader in physiological research and ing programs, and with Jeremy Berg, ning meeting for this retreat will be has provided outstanding service to the new director of NIGMS. held with the fall 2004 Council meet- the profession of physiology in general Education ing. The sections and committees will and to the American Physiological The APS/ACDP List of Professional review the results of the Membership (continued on page 158)

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(continued from page 157)

APS President John Williams APS President John Williams APS President John Williams presents the Ray G. Daggs Award presents the Orr E. Reynolds presents the Orr E. Reynolds to Alfred Fishman. Award to George Rodway. Award to Lawrence Schramm. Society in particular for many years. collateral circulation in human sub- M.D., Gastrointestinal Physiologist It would be difficult to overestimate jects. He has also contributed signifi- and Artist: Origins of the Decorative the impact of Fishman’s leadership on cantly to the understanding of the con- Tailpieces in Journals of the American the APS. He has served as APS trol of breathing and of the pulmonary Physiological Society.” President, 1983-1984, Chairman of circulation. the Program Committee (1964-67), Fishman has been honored with C. Arthur C. Guyton Teacher Chairman of the Editorial Committee numerous awards and distinguished of the Year Award of the Handbook of Physiology (1967- lectureships. In 1980, he was elected The Arthur C. Guyton Teacher of the 72), and Chairman of the Publications to membership in the Institute of Year Award was established in 1993 Committee (1975-1981). As chair of Medicine of the National Academy of by the Teaching of Physiology Section the Publications Committee, Fishman Arts and Sciences. and is supported by the W. B. spear-headed the sectionalization of In his accepting the Ray G. Daggs Saunders Company, publisher of the American Journal of Physiology, Award, Fishman said “The APS has Guyton’s Textbook on Medical arguably the most significant single been my Society ever since I entered Physiology, used to educate genera- development in the Journal’s long his- research and academic medicine. It is tions of medical and physiology stu- tory. He has also served the society as my home. I appreciate this award and dents. The award is given to an APS Chair of the Task Force on I thank you.” member who is a full-time faculty Programming, the International member of an accredited college or Committee, and the Centennial B. Orr E. Reynolds Award university and involved in classroom Committee, as well as editor of the The Orr E. Reynolds Award, estab- teaching and not exclusively the Journal of Applied Physiology and lished in 1985 in honor of the second teaching of graduate students in a Physiology for Physicians. Executive Secretary Treasurer, is pre- While President of the Society, sented for the best historical article Fishman encouraged the US National submitted by a member of the Society. Committee of the IUPS to assume its Members may receive the award only proper role in international science. once, and those members who have The APS Council offered to collaborate advanced degrees in the history of sci- with the IUPS to establish an interna- ence or medicine are not eligible. The tional physiological journal, which recipients receive $500 and expenses was the first step toward the creation to attend the spring meeting of the of News in Physiological Sciences. Society. The 2004 Reynolds Awardees Fishman later served on the editorial are George W. Rodway, University board of this journal. of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, for As a scientist, Fishman has made his article entitled “Prelude to important contributions in the field of Everest: Alexander M. Kellas and the integrative cardio-respiratory physiol- 1920 High Altitude Scientific ogy, especially as applied to humans. Expedition to Kamet,” and Lawrence George Ordway and William His contributions have included devel- P. Schramm, The Johns Hopkins Schmidt present the Arthur C. oping ways to use the Fick principle to University School of Medicine, for his Guyton Teacher of the Year Award determine cardiac output and to study article entitled “Homer Wheelon, to Rob Carroll.

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APS President John Williams APS President John Williams APS President John Williams pres- presents the Giles F. Filley presents the Giles F. Filley ents the Lazaro J. Mandel Young Memorial Award to Sarah Gebb. Memorial Award to Dolly Mehta. Investigator Award to Bruce Schultz. research laboratory. The recipient serviced on curriculum development professor and is pursuing research in receives $1,000 and expenses to committees, and has played a key role epithelial or renal physiology. An attend the Experimental Biology in developing the APS Teaching award is made to an APS member meeting. Section and served as chair of the working in the United States who has Williams introduced William Education Committee. He edits and demonstrated outstanding promise Schmidt and George Ordway who writes for Advances in Physiology based on his or her research program. made the presentation to Robert G. Education. He is an outstanding role Each award is for $7,500 and is desig- Carroll, East Carolina University model for all of us. No one is more nated for the use of the awardee in School of Medicine. deserving of this award than Rob his/her research program. Williams Ordway said “I am pleased and hon- Carroll.” presented the 2004 Mandel Award to ored to recognize Rob Carroll. Rob Bruce D. Schultz, Kansas State exemplifies all that the award repre- D. Giles F. Filley Memorial Awards University. sents. He excels at all the criteria. He As a result of a bequest from the Schultz received a $7,500 check for is an outstanding teacher on many family of Giles F. Filley, a memorial use in his research program and a fronts, and has won many teaching fund was established in 1993 to recog- plaque. awards at East Carolina. Carroll is nize excellence in respiratory physiol- known nationally and internationally; ogy and medicine. Two annual awards F. Arthur C. Guyton Award for in places such as Russia and Pakistan. of $20,000 are made to investigators Excellence in Integrative Physiology He is an outstanding citizen. He has who hold an academic rank no higher A donation to the Society in honor of than assistant professor and are pur- Arthur C. Guyton led to the establish- suing research in respiratory physiolo- ment in 1997 of an award to recognize gy and medicine. Awards are made to excellence in integrative physiology. APS members working in the United One award is made annually to a reg- States, who have demonstrated out- ular APS member who demonstrates standing promise based on their outstanding promise based on his/her research program. This year the research program in feedback, mathe- Society is pleased to recognize the matical modeling, and integrative promise of Sarah A. Gebb, physiology. President Williams pre- University of Colorado Health sented the 2004 Arthur C. Guyton Sciences Center, and Dolly Mehta, Award in Integrative Physiology to University of Illinois at Chicago. Armin Just, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. E. Lazaro J. Mandel Young Just received a $15,000 check for Investigator Award use in his research program and a As a result of a bequest from the plaque. wife of Lazaro J. Mandel, a memorial APS President John Williams fund was established in 1999 to recog- G. Liaison With Industry Awards presents the Arthur C. Guyton nize excellence in epithelial or renal The Liaison With Industry Awards Award for Excellence in physiology. An annual award is made are given to for the best abstract Integrative Physiology to Armin to an investigator who holds an aca- describing a novel disease model. This Just. demic rank no higher than assistant is the fourth year this award has been

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David Brooks, representative of David Brooks, representative of APS President John Williams the APS Liaison With Industry the APS Liaison With Industry presents a certificate of apprecia- Committee, presents the Liaison Committee, presents the Liaison tion to John Stallone, Outgoing With Industry Award to Dmitry With Industry Award to Eric Chair of the Animal Care and Ostanin. Mokelke. Experimentation Committee. given. Williams and David Brooks, nize David Arnolds, Harvard travel to the Experimental Biology representative of the Liaison With University, Lauren Parish, Texas meeting, paid registration, and have Industry Committee, presented the Tech University, Jacob Rullo, access to the FASEB Placement 2004 Liaison With Industry Awards to McMaster University, and Steven Service. Carol Liedtke, Chair of the Dmitry V. Ostanin, Louisiana Statue Smith, Queen’s University. (see arti- Women in Physiology Committee, pre- University Health Sciences Center cle on page 178) sented the awards. (see article on page and Eric A. Mokelke, University of 164) Missouri-Columbia. I. Caroline tum Suden/Frances Hellebrandt Professional J. Procter & Gamble H. David S. Bruce Awards Opportunity Awards Professional Opportunity Awards The annual David S. Bruce Awards Thirty-six awards were made possi- The Procter and Gamble Company, for Excellence in Undergraduate ble by the bequests of Caroline tum a multinational, technically based con- Research is granted to up to four cur- Suden and Frances Hellebrandt, who sumer products corporation, provides rently enrolled undergraduate stu- were long-time members of the support for the APS Professional dents who are first authors on a poster Society. Awards are open to graduate Opportunities Awards. The APS sec- presented at the EB meeting. Each students or postdoctoral fellows who tions selected nine pre-doctoral stu- will receive a cash award of $500. This present papers at the spring meeting. dents who are within 12-18 months of year the Society is pleased to recog- Recipients receive a $500 check for receiving a PhD degree and are pre-

Tim Burkholder presents a plaque APS President John Williams APS President John Williams to Kevin Fitzgerald who gave the presents a certificate of apprecia- presents a certificate of apprecia- Walter C. Randall Lecture on tion to Francis Belloni, Outgoing tion to Stan Lindstedt, Outgoing Biomedical Ethics. Chair of the Career Opportunities Chair of the Comparative in Physiology Committee. Physiology Section.

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APS President John Williams APS President John Williams APS President John Williams presents a certificate of apprecia- presents a certificate of apprecia- presents a certificate of apprecia- tion to William Talman, Outgoing tion to Kim Barrett, Outgoing tion to J.R. Haywood, Outgoing Chair of the Public Affairs Councillor. Councillor. Committee. senting a paper as first author at the attend the Experimental Biology 2004 Physiology Section; Charles Lang, spring meeting. Paid registration and meeting. Chair of the Endocrinology and $500 checks were given to the Metabolism Section; and Kenneth awardees. (see article on page 165) L. Recognition of Outgoing Section Baldwin, Chair of the Environmental Chairs and Exercise Physiology Section com- K. Minority Travel Fellowships William Chilian, Chair of the plete their terms at the close of this Frank announced that 55 Minority Cardiovascular Section; Michael meeting. Williams thanked them for Travel Fellowship awards, funded by Jennings, Chair of the Cell and their service to their sections and to NIDDK and NIGMS, were presented Molecular Physiology Section; Stan APS. to minority students to help them Lindstedt, Chair of the Comparative

APS President John Williams presents a commem- APS President-Elect D. Neil Granger receives the orative plaque to APS Past President Barbara gavel from APS President John William. Horwitz.

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APS President John Williams presents a certificate APS Past-President Barbara Horwitz presents a cer- of recognition to Christine E. Seidman for the Walter tificate of recognition to Robin L. Davisson for the B. Cannon Memorial Award. Henry Pickering Bowditch Award.

M. Recognition of Outgoing Committee tee; William Talman, Chair of the ing. Williams expressed his pleasure Chairs Public Affairs Committee; and at having had the opportunity to serve Williams recognized the outgoing Michael Barany, Chair of the Senior on Council with them and recognized committee chairs and thanked them Physiologists Committee. their dedication and guidance to the for their service to the APS. The out- Society. going chairs are John Stallone, N. Recognition of Outgoing When presenting Horwitz with the Chair of the Animal Care and Councillors Past president plaque Williams said Experimentation Committee; Francis Councillors Kim E. Barrett and that he had learned a lot from working Belloni, Chair of the Career Joseph R. Haywood will complete with Barbara. “She was a steady Opportunities in Physiology Commit- their terms at the close of this meet- source of guidance and calmness and

APS Past Presidents: Front row: Stanley Schultz, William Dantzler, Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen, John Williams, D. Neil Granger, Barbara Horwitz; Back row: Walter Boron, L. Gabriel Navar, Gerald DiBona, James Schafer, Brian Duling, Aubrey Taylor, Allen Cowley, Jr., John Hall, John West, Howard Morgan.

162 The Physiologist 157th Business Meeting Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 good counsel. It gives me great pleas- American Physiological Society. There being no new business, the ure to present this plaque,” he said. Granger thanked John for the past meeting was adjourned at 6:55 PM, year of dedicated service to the APS April 20, 2004. O. New Business saying, “Thanks, John, for your out- No new business. standing leadership. Knowing that D. Neil Granger you will be available to me and to the President-Elect VII. Passing of the Gavel Council for guidance is a comfort. Williams then passed the gavel to D. Please join me in thanking John.” He Neil Granger, Louisiana State also thanked the APS membership for University Health Sciences Center, electing him and said that he was the incoming President of the looking forward to the coming year.

Council and SAC: Front row: Dale Benos, Peter Wagner, Matt Grisham, Helen Raybould, Penny Hansen, Susan Wall, Doug Eaton, D. Neil Granger, Barbara Horwitz, John Williams, Susan Barman, Martin Frank. Back row: Ken Baldwin, Charles Tipton, Rob Carroll, J.R. Haywood, Carole Liedtke, Kim Barrett, Alan Sved, Curt Sigmund, Joey Granger, Thomas Lohmeier, James Hicks, Gary Sieck, Charles Lang, Michael Jennings, Jeff Sands.

APS Council. Front row: Douglas Eaton, D. Neil Granger, Barbara Horwitz, John Williams, Susan Barman, Martin Frank, Jeff Sands. Back row: Dale Benos, Peter Wagner, Robert Carroll, Charles Tipton, Helen Raybould, J.R. Haywood, Kim Barrett, Carole Liedtke, Thomas Lohmeier, Curt Sigmund.

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Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Fellows Receive Caroline tum Suden/Frances A. Hellebrandt Professional Opportunity Awards

Graduate students and postdoctoral fellows who were Dennis W. Koch, Pennsylvania State Univ. first authors on an abstract submitted to Experimental Elvira L. Liclican, New York Medical College Biology 2004 in Washington, DC were eligible to apply for Timothy E. Lindley, Univ. of Iowa the Caroline tum Suden/Frances A. Hellebrandt Elizabeth D. Loomis, Medical College of Georgia Professional Opportunity Award. The APS Women in Sean C. Newcomer, Pennsylvania State Univ. Physiology Committee, chaired by Carole M. Liedtke, Allison L. Opay, Tulane Univ. Case Western Reserve University, selected 36 awardees Teresa A. Orth, Univ. of Kansas from a pool of 115 applicants. Applicants were chosen based Matthew E. Patterson, Tulane Univ. on the quality and novelty of their abstracts, and letters Annemarie E. Pimentel, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder written by the candidates describing their career goals, Minolfa Prieto-Carrasquero, Tulane Univ. research, and why they were particularly deserving of the Christine S. Rigsby, Medical College of Georgia award. Each awardee received $500, a certificate of recog- James G. Ryall, Univ.of Melbourne nition, and complimentary registration for the EB 2004 Jennifer M. Sasser, Medical College of Georgia meeting. Awards were presented during the APS Business Jonathan D. Schertzer, Univ. of Melbourne Meeting at EB 2004. Awardees were: Jeffrey R. Scott, Univ. of Western Ontario Robert A. Augustyniak, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Melina Silberberg, Univ. of New Mexico Melanie G. Cree, Univ. of Texas Medical Branch Anita D. Smith, Medical College of Georgia Scott Earley, Univ. of Vermont College of Medicine Sean D. Stocker, Univ. of Texas San Antonio Ahmed A. Elmarakby, Medical College of Georgia Michael K. Stickland, Univ. of Alberta Francis J. Golder, Univ. of Wisconsin Shozo H. Sugiura, Univ. of Medicine and Dentistry Jorge L. Gonzalez-Perez, Univ. of Puerto Rico of New Jersey Maria M. Herrera, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit Sebastian Thalmann, Univ. Hospital Lausanne Shawn D. Hingtgen, Univ. of Iowa Caitlin S. Thompson, Pennsylvania State Univ. Darren S. Hoffman, Univ. of Iowa Elethia A. Woolfolk, Meharry Medical College James C. Hunter, Pennsylvania State Univ. Xiang-Qun Yang, Michigan State Univ. Eric Ispanovic, York Univ., PA Andrea G. Zabka, Univ. of Wisconsin

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Procter & Gamble Professional Opportunity Awards

Once again, the APS has been able to recognize the valu- Gastrointestinal Section able contributions of 12 predoctoral students to the science Robert B. Dorman, Univ. of Arkansas Medical School of physiology as a result of a generous contribution provid- Neural Control & Autonomic Regulation Section ed by the Procter & Gamble Company. Students who were Matthew C. Zimmerman, Univ. of Iowa first authors on an abstract submitted to EB 2004 in Renal Section Washington, DC were eligible to apply for the Procter & Jennifer L. Pluznick, Univ. of Nebraska Gamble Professional Opportunity Award through one of Respiration Section the 12 sections of the Society.Award recipient selection was Jamie H. Rosenblum-Lichtenstein, Harvard Univ. made by the sections. Each awardee received $500, a cer- Teaching of Physiology Section tificate of recognition, and complimentary registration for Mark K. Todd, Univ. of Southern California the Experimental Biology meeting. They were presented Water & Electrolyte Homeostasis Section their awards at the APS Business Meeting at EB 2004. Norman Taylor, Medical College of Wisconsin Awardees were: Cardiovascular Section Eric R. Gross, Medical College of Wisconsin Cell & Molecular Physiology Section April C. Carpenter, Louisiana State Univ. Central Nervous System Section Kimberly M. Gerecke, Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham Comparative Physiology Section Vanessa I. Toney, Brown Univ. Endocrinology & Metabolism Section Raul Camacho, Vanderbilt Univ. Environmental & Exercise Physiology Section Jordan D. Miller, Univ. of Wisconsin

Physiology in Perspective Walter B. Cannon Memorial Lecture Bowditch Award Lecture

The Cannon Memorial Lecture, sponsored by the Grass The Bowditch Lectureship is awarded to a regular Foundation, honors Walter B. Cannon, President of the member, under 42 years of age, for original and out- Society from 1913-1916, and is presented annually at the standing accomplishments in the field of physiology. spring meeting to an outstanding physiological scientist, Selected by the APS President, the recipient presents a domestic or foreign, as selected by the President-Elect with lecture at the Experimental Biology meeting, which is the consent of council. The recipient presents a lecture on considered for publication in the Society journal of their “Physiology in Perspective,” addressing Cannon’s concepts choosing. The recipient receives an honorarium of of “The Wisdom of the Body.” The lecture is considered for $2,500, reimbursement of expenses incurred while par- publication in the Society journal of their choosing. The ticipating in the Experimental Biology meeting, and a recipient receives an honorarium of $4,000, a plaque, and plaque. The membership is invited to submit nomina- reimbursement of expenses incurred in association with tions for the Bowditch Lecturer. A nomination shall be delivery of the lecture. The membership is invited to submit accompanied by a candidate’s curriculum vitae and one nominations for this lecture. A nomination shall be accom- letter detailing the individual’s status, contributions, panied by a candidate’s curriculum vitae and one letter and potential. detailing the individual’s status and contributions. More information on the award and nomination pro- More information on the award and nomination proce- cedures are available at http://www.the-aps.org. dures are available at http://www.the-aps.org. Nominations Nominations should be sent to: The APS Bowditch must be submitted by October 1. Nominations should be Lecture Award, c/o Linda Jean Dresser, 9650 Rockville sent to: The APS Cannon Lecture Award, c/o Linda Jean Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814-3991; or submitted online at Dresser, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814-3991; or http://www.the-aps.org/cgi-bin/Election/Lecture_form submitted online at http://www.the-aps.org/cgi-bin/Election/ .htm. Lecture_form.htm.

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XXXV International Congress of Physiological Sciences Tentative Program of Scientific Sessions Lectureships

2nd Ernst Knobil Memorial Lecture IUPS President’s Lecture Chaired: Jan-Ake Gustafsson Chaired: Allen W. Cowley

August Krogh Distinguished Lectureship Joseph Erlanger Distinguished Lectureship of the of the APS Comparative & Evolutionary Physiology APS Central Nervous System Section Section and the Scandinavian Physiological Society Chaired: Sten Grillner Chaired: Roy E. Weber Julius H. Comroe, Jr. Distinguished Lectureship of the Carl Ludwig Distinguished Lectureship of the APS Respiration Section APS Neural Control & Autonomic Regulation Section Chaired: Gabby Haddad Chaired: Julian Paton Title: Tolerance to Low O2: Lessons from Invertebrate Genetic Models" Carl W. Gottschalk Distinguished Lectureship of the APS Renal Section Physiology in Perspective—The Walter B. Cannon Chaired: Soren Nielsen Memorial Award Lecture Chaired: Gerald F. DiBona Claude Bernard Distinguished Lectureship of the APS Teaching of Physiology Section Robert M. Berne Distinguished Lectureship of the Chaired: Ann J. Sefton APS Cardiovascular Section Title: Charting a Global Future for Education in Chaired: Roberto Bolli Physiology Title: Preconditioning: A Paradigm Shift in the Biology of Myocardial Ischemia Edward F. Adolph Distinguished Lectureship of the APS Environmental & Exercise Physiology Section Robert Pitts Lecture Chaired: Erik A. Richter Chaired: Jurgen Schnermann

Ernest H. Starling Distinguished Lectureship of the Solomon A. Berson Distinguished Lectureship of the APS Water & Electrolyte Homeostasis Section APS Endocrinology & Metabolism Section Chaired: Guiseppi Bianchi Chaired: Amira Klip Title: The Genetic Control of Renal Na Handling in Primary Hypertension The Microcirculatory Society Landis Award Lecture Chaired: Virginia Huxley Henry Pickering Bowditch Award Lecture Chaired: Ormond MacDougald The Wallace O. Fenn Lecture Chaired: Peter Agre Horace W. Davenport Distinguished Lectureship of the APS Gastrointestinal & Liver Physiology Section Walter C. Randall Lecture in Biomedical Ethics Chaired: Ann Hubbard Chaired: Robert Williamson Title: The Future of Physiology in the Era of the Human Hugh Davson Distinguished Lectureship of the APS Genome: Medical Miracles or Ethical Dilemmas? Cell & Molecular Physiology Section Chaired: Randy Schekman

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Calcium Signaling Track Education Track

Symposia: Symposia: Integrative Aspects: Ca2+ Signaling in the Nervous System Effective Uses of Information Technologies Alex Verkhratsky in Physiology Education Molecular Basis of Disease Simon Carlile Cecilia Hidalgo Research in Physiology Education from the Classroom Proteins to the Teaching Community Andras Spät Harold Modell

Featured Topics: Refresher Course: Overview: From Organelles to Organ Integrating Genomics Into Physiology Courses: Irene Schulz A New Paradigm or Just More Information? Techniques Daniel E. Lemons and Anne Kwitek Tobias Meyer Featured Topics: Controversy: The Many Faces of Problem-Based Learning: The Mechanism of Action of the Ca2+ Releasing A Framework for Integrative Physiology Education Messenger NAADP Penny Hansen Luigia Santella The Role of Student Practical Laboratories in Physiology Education Dee Silverthorn and Maria Jose Alves da Rocha Cardiac Track Epithelia Track Symposia: Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia Mechanisms Symposia: Denis Noble Epithelial Cells and their Neighbors Cardiac Remodeling Hannah V. Carey and Helen E. Raybould Christine Seidman Epithelial Polarity: Development to Disease Excitation-Contraction Coupling Catherine Fuller and Michael J. Caplan Andrew Marks Novel Mechanisms of Transporter Regulation Rene Bindels and Irene Schulz Featured Topics: PDZ Domain Scaffolding Proteins and their Functions Cardiac Mechanics in Polarized Cells Andrew McCulloch Supported by: The Journal of Physiology Cardiac Metabolism and Energetics Mark Donowitz and Yoshihisa Kurachi Joanne Ingwall Regenerative Capacity of the Heart Featured Topics: Nadia Rosenthal Epithelial Genomics, Proteomics and Genetic Models Mark A. Knepper and J.E. Melvin The Molecular Basis of Epithelial Disease Ecophysiology for the 21st Century Track David N. Sheppard

Symposia: Feeding, Fuel and Fat: Energy Metabolism Biologging: Monitoring the Ecophysiology of Animals Track in the Marine Environment Barbara A. Block Symposia: Cardio-Respiratory Physiology of Diving: Body Weight Regulation Throughout the Life Cycle Extreme Physiology at Depth I. Caroline McMillen Patrick J. Butler Genetic Determinants of Obesity and Metabolic Disease Functional Genomics of Macromolecular Damage Claude Bouchard Responses and Environmental Stress Adaptation Metabolic Syndrome: From Clinical Insights George Somero into New Therapies Rescue Mechanisms from Hypoxia Christine Schnackenberg Peter Lutz Molecular Bases of Energy Balance and Fuel Partitioning J.M. Friedman Featured Topics: Neural Control of Energy Balance Molecular Physiology of Diving Roger Cone Terrie M. Williams

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Featured Topics: Featured Topics: Adipose Tissue: Fat Depot, Fuel Stat, Muscle as an Endocrine Organ and Endocrine Organ Ronald Terjung Susan K. Fried Muscle Dystrophies of the Dystrophin Complex Molecular Mechanisms of Fuel Sensing H. Lee Sweeney Luciano Rossetti and David Grahame Hardie Neural Control of Locomotion: Genomics Track From Genes to Behavior Track

Tutorial: Symposia: Computational and Bioinformatic Applications Initiation and Adaptation of the Locomotor Pattern to Systems Biology Tatiana Deliagina Daniel Beard Modulation of the Locomotor Pattern Generators by Neurotransmitters and by Sensory Afferents Symposia: Keir G. Pearson Discovery of Genes for Polycystic Kidney Disease Peter Harris Featured Topics: Genomics of Circadian Clocks Locomotor Pattern Generators: Developmental, Molecular Julian Dow and Cellular Organization in Vertebrates Genomics of Transport and Sensory Functions Sten Grillner Kevin Strange Long Term Plasticity and Spinal Cord Injury Imprinting, Development and the Programming Serge Rossignol of Adult Health Kent Thornburg Regulatory Brain Track

Featured Topics: Symposia: Complex Pathway of Function and Disease Molecules and Genes: Brainstem Development Deduced from the Whole Genome Perspective Underlying Breathing Edward M. Rubin Martyn Goulding Genetic Basis of Cardiopulmonary Disorders Neural Control of the Circulation in Health and Disease Scott Weiss Patrice Guyenet

Mechano-/Chemotransduction Track Featured Topics: Symposia: Molecules Underlying Diseases of the Central Molecular Mechanisms of Thermosensation and Enteric Nervous Systems Ardem Patapoutian George Richerson Structure-Function of Mechano-Gated Ion Channels Respiratory Long-Term Facilitation: Masahiro Sokabe and Frederick Sachs Mechanisms and Implications Gordon S. Mitchell Featured Topic: The Phylogeny of Dual Respiratory Rhythm Regulatory Mechanisms of Mechanosensory Cells Generating Networks in Vertebrates Akimichi Kaneko William K. Milsom

Muscle-Exercise Track Renal Control of Blood Pressure Track

Symposia: Symposia: Force Generation Cell Biology of Sodium Transport in Kidney Jim Spudich Francois Verrey and Rebecca Hughey Skeletal Muscle Plasticity Comparative Genomics of Blood Pressure Control: John Holloszy Genetic Maps in Humans, Rats and Mice Spring Molecules Pierre Corvol and Anne Kwitek Henk Granzier Renal NaCl Reabsorption: Molecular Insights Stem Cells of Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle into Human Blood Pressure Control Michael Schneider Paul A. Welling

Point/Counterpoint: Controversy: Is the Creatine Shuttle Critical for Muscle Function? Role of Kidney Versus Brain in Blood Pressure Martin Kushmerick Control and Hypertension Roger Dampney and Thomas Lohmeier

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Featured Topics: Stem Cells and the Modification of Vascular Functions Gender Effects on Arterial Pressure Regulation Keith March Chris Baylis Vascular Inflammation: The Role of Inflammatory Cell Genetic Models of Hypertension Extravasation in Tissue Inflammation and Injury Curt Sigmund Joel Linden IUPS Grand Rounds on Hypertension John Hall Featured Topics: Atherosclerosis: The New Inflammatory Disease? Thermoregulation and Energetics Track Gary K. Owens New Aspects of Endothelial-Cell Matrix Interactions: Symposia: The Glycocalyx Gene Regulation for Survival at Low Temperatures Herbert H. Lipowsky and Fitz-Roy Curry Jeremy H.A. Fields Regulation of Coronary and Skeletal Muscle Circulation Integrative Neuronal Mechanisms for Thermoregulation Jos A.E. Spaan Kazuyuji Kanosue and Ruediger Gerstberger Life and Death: Metabolic Rate and Lifespan Kim Hammond Scaling of Metabolic Rate with Body Size: How and Why? Ewald Weibel and Anthony J. Hulbert

Featured Topic: Pyrogen-Sensing and Suppressing Pathways Mediating the Febrile Response Clark M. Blatteis

Tissue Dynamics in the Lung Track

Symposia: Cellular and Molecular Aspects of Lung Parenchymal and Airway Remodeling Rubin Tuder Comparative Genomics of the Lung John S. Torday Genetic and Developmental Insights into Pulmonary Vascular Pathobiology Marlene Rabinovitch The Making of the Vertebrate Lung Jeffrey A. Whitsett

Featured Topics: Pro-inflammatory Signaling in Lung Endothelial Cells Jahar Bhattacharya Receptors and Signaling Pathways in Lung Injury and Repair Courtney Broaddus

Vascular Physiology Track

Symposia: Angiogenesis Brant Weinstein Central Role of Ion Channels in the Regulation of Vascular Tone Mark T. Nelson Coordinating Interactions Between Endothelium and Smooth Muscle Ruddi Busse Emerging Modes of Ca2+ Signaling in the Regulation of Smooth Muscle Contractile Proteins Avril V. Somlyo

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Free Standing (Non-track) Symposia Calcium Channels, Tyrosine Kinases and Smooth Muscle Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Synaptic Plasticity Function Roger A. Nicoll Hamid I. Akbarali and Michael J. Davis Phylogeny and Ontogeny of the Renin-Angiotensin System Sex and Gender Differences in Pain and Analgesia Hiroko Nishimura and Kenneth W. Gross Karen J. Berkley Oxygen Sensing and Hypoxia: Development, Adaptation Physiological Proteomics and Disease Charles A. Blake and Steven R. Goodman Nanduri Prabhakar Molecular Mechanisms Linking Sodium Retention Stem Cells in the Developing and Adult Brain to Hypertension Pasko Rakic Mordecai P. Blaustein Atherosclerosis: Immune and Inflammatory Aspects The Microcirculatory Society President’s Symposium: Allison B. Reiss and Steven Carsons Vascular Regulatory Abnormalities in Obesity: Neural Regulation of Hydroeletrolitic Homeostasis Consequences of the Epidemic Jose Antunes Rodrigues and Maria Jose Alves da Glenn H. Bohlen Rocha How do Emotions and Motivations Interact with Lipid Rafts—Floating from Bench to Bedside Autonomic Functions? Thomas L. Roszman and Jens Goebel Ruud M. Buijs TRP Channels: Physiological Genomics and Proteomics Signaling Pathways in Gut Mechanosensitivity Supported by: The Journal of Physiology Fievos Christofi and Michael Schnemann Stewart O. Sage and Bernd Nilius International Collaboration: Science Knows no Boundaries Old Receptor: New Functions Melinda R. Dwinell and Francisco H. Andrade Jacques Samarut Gravity and Evolution: From Cells to Snakes Inflammatory Aspects of Hypertension: Insights from the Alan R. Hargens and Peter Norsk Microcirculation New Advances in Understanding Control of the Cerebral Geert W. Schmid-Schonbein Circulation Nuclear Receptor Co-Regulators Donald D. Heistad and David R. Harder Roland Schule Phospholipid Oxidative Signaling in Regulation of Diagnosis and Treatment Utilizing Natriuretic Peptides Apoptosis and Phagocytosis David L. Vesely Valerian E. Kagan Special Session: Panel Discussion on Ethics and International Harmonization of Animal Welfare Standards Physiology in the Era of the Human Genome Kevin Kregel and Pontus Persson Ewald Weibel Computational Biology of Cardiac Arrhythmias: From Ion Channel to Therapy Andrew McCulloch and Wayne Giles

Free Standing (Non-track) Featured Topics The Role of the Choroid Plexus Role of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Lung Peter Brown Injury and Diseases Gut Interactions with Pancreas and Liver Bruce R. Pitt and Brooke T. Mossman Patricia L. Brubaker Mechanical Ventilation and Lung Injury Sex/Gender, Hormones and Cardiovascular Function Deborah Quinn Sue Duckles and Valerie Schini-Kerth Acid-Base Transporters The Nature of Intestinal Adaptations: Michael Romero Cellular Diversity and Versatility HIF-1 and Molecular Regulation of Oxygen Homeostasis Ronaldo P. Ferraris Gregg L. Semenza Mechanisms of Metabolic Depression: Comparative Aspects Urea Transporters in the Post Genomic Era Gerhard Heldmaier Craig P. Smith and Jeff M. Sands Amino Acid Transporters Transport: PKD, Cilium Yoshikatsu Kanai Stefan Somlo Endothelial Nitric Oxide and Cardiovascular Disease Mosso and Muscular Fatigue: 116 Years After the First David Lefer and Joseph Loscalzo Congress of Physiologists Current Ideas in Pulmonary Ventilation and Blood Flow Charles M. Tipton and Thomas Nosek Mark Olfert and Kim Prisk Sensing Cardiovascular Homeostasis: Impact of Gravity on Physiological Systems Novel Molecules as Mechano- and Chemosensors Robert W. Phillips Donna H. Wang and Donald L. Gill Reactive Oxygen Species in the Vasculature Michael Wolin and Paul Vanhoutte

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New Regular Members *transferred from Student Membership

Nikolai Aljuri Simon Green John Pratt Miller Massachusetts Inst. of Technology Univ. of New England, Australia Montana State Univ. Amy R.G. Aslamkhan* David Marshall Guidot Tamara Mirzapoiazova Nat’l Inst. Environ. Hlth Sci., NC Emory Univ., GA Johns Hopkins Univ., MD Maria F. Barile Susan Hall Guttentag Nikolai N. Modyanov NIH, MD Univ. of Pennsylvania Medical College of Ohio John Neil Barrett Xiaonan Han Afsana Momen Univ. of Miami Med. Sch., FL Cincinnati Childrens’ Hospital, OH Pennsylvania State Univ. Marc D. Basson Zhaosheng Han Takashi Nakahari Wayne State Univ., MI Ohio State Univ. Oska Medical College, Japan Sandor Batkai Jorn Wulff Helge Suguru Nakamura NIH, MD Univ. of Copenhagen, Denmark Murray State Univ., KY Nathalie Berthiaume* Nathan J. Hellyer Ramzi Ali Ockaili* IPSPharma, Canada Mayo Clinic Coll. of Med., MN Virginia Commonwealth Univ. Steve Bibevski* Matthew R. Hodges Pal Pacher Case Western Reserve Univ., OH Yale Univ., CT NIH, MD Aliza Brown Troy Alan Hornberger* Douglas Paddon-Jones Ctrl. Arkansas Vets Hlth. Sys. Univ. of California, San Diego Univ. of Texas Med. Branch Bruno J. Chenuel Sandy Hsieh Frank Park Univ. of Nancy, France Natl. Taiwan Normal Univ., Taiwan Louisiana State Univ. Jonathan M. Cordeiro Jon-Philippe K. Hyatt* Shane Aaron Phillips* Masonic Medical Research Lab, NY Georgetown Univ., DC Medical College of Wisconsin Elizabeth C. Cropper Kojiro Ide Cristina Pislaru Mt. Sinai Medical School, NY Univ. of Calgary, Canada Mayo Clinic, MN Victor M. Darley-Usmar Masaki Isoda Minolfa C. Prieto-Carrasquero* Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham National Eye Inst., NIH, MD Tulane Univ. Hlth. Sci. Ctr., LA Matthew J. DiMagno Asker E. Jeukendrup Nilima Raina Univ. of Michigan Univ. of Birmingham, UK Univ. of Toronto, Canada Gabriel E. DiMattia Radhika Kajekar Decheng Ren London Regional Cancer Ctr. Univ. of California, Davis Michigan State Univ. Robert Di Nicolantonio Randall E. Keyser Jean-Michel Rigo Univ. of Melbourne, Australia Univ. of Maryland Limburgs Univ. Centrum, Belgium R. Brian Doctor William J.H. Kim Chantal A. Rivera Univ. of Colorado Columbia Univ., NY Baylor College of Medicine, TX Ines Drenjancevic-Peric* Richard J. Krauzlis Don Robertson Med. Faculty, Univ. of Osijek, Croatia Salk Inst. for Biological Studies, CA Univ. of Western Australia Oliver Eickelberg Vivek Kumar Kazuhito Rokutan Univ. of Giessen, Germany Mayo Clinic, CA Univ. of Tokushima, Japan Adviye Ergul Ping La Tsutomu Sakuma Univ. of Georgia Univ. of Pennsylvania Kanazawa Medical Univ., Japan Andreas Fahlman Alexandre Legrand Johannes C. Schittny Univ. of Buffalo, NY Univ. of Mons Hainaut, Belgium Univ. of Bern, Switzerland Guo-Chang Fan Jeffrey Lemmer Pietro Scillia Univ. of Cincinnati, OH Michigan State Univ. Erasme Univ. Hospital, Belgium Reza Forough Jocelyn Leung Eric Sibley Texas A&M Univ. Louisiana State Univ. Stanford Univ. Medical Ctr., CA Mark Richard Fowler Tzer-Bin Lin Nicholas L. Simmons Univ. of Leeds, UK Chung Shan Med. Univ., Taiwan Univ. of Newcastle Med. Sch., UK Theodore C. Friedman Nicole L. Lohr Baljit Singh Charles R. Drew Univ., CA Medical College of Wisconsin Univ. of Saskatchewan, Canada Yoshiyuki Fukuoka Martina B. Merfels Bryan K. Smith Prefectural Univ. Kumamoto, Japan Univ. of Giessen, Germany Univ. of Kansas Scott Allen Gahr* Ali Merrikh Wook Song* USDA/ARS/NCCCWA, WV Univ. of Texas Southern Med. Ctr. Univ. of Texas, San Antonio Michele Giugliano William Craig Michel Paul S. Steels Univ. of Bern, Switzerland Univ. of Utah Sch. of Med. Limburgs Univ. Centrum, Belgium

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Xiao Su Ad Van Gorp Dan A. Wiginton Univ. of California, San Francisco Numico Research, The Netherlands Univ. of Cincinnati, OH Scott C. Supowit Saraswathi Viswanathan Zhonglin Xie Texas A&M Univ., Sch. of Med Vanderbilt Univ., TN East Tennessee State Univ. Timothy A. Sutton Xiaoyan Wang Wei Zhou Indiana Univ. Sch. of Med. Georgetown Univ., DC Univ. of California, Irvine Ian R. Van Driel Xiaoyin Wang Longkun Zhu Univ. of Melbourne, Australia Virginia Commonwealth Univ. West Virginia Univ.

New Student Members

Luke S. Acree Vanessa A. Bussau Brandi Marie Eveland Univ. of Oklahoma Univ. of Western Australia Middle Tennessee State Univ. Sofia Adamidi David C. Butler Salah Gandur (Ghandour) Natl. Univ. of Athens, Greece West Virginia Univ. Tibbiye Cad. Marmara Univ., Turkey Caroline Rebecca Addis Gabriela Camporeale Arnaud Goolaerrs Univ. of South Carolina Sch. of Med. Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln Free Univ., Brussels, Belgium Amornpan Ajjimaporn Yau Chi Chan Kym Janese Guelfi Mahidol Univ., Thailand Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong Univ. of Western Australia Ellen M. Andrews Astra I. Chang Stephen G. Guill Loyola Univ., Chicago, IL Univ. of Ottawa Heart Inst., Canada Virginia Tech. Univ. John W. Apolzan Natasha N. Chattergoon Kathleen Elizabeth Hall Purdue Univ., IN Tulane Univ. Sch. of Med., LA Virginia Commonwealth Univ. Adesina P. Arikawe Yu-Wen Chen Brian J. Hardin Univ. of Lagos, Nigeria Chang Gung Univ., Taiwan Univ. of Kentucky Dustin D. Armstrong Zhongming Chen Trent Alan Hargens Univ. of Illinois, Chicago Oklahoma State Univ. Virginia Polytech Inst. & State Univ. Yuriko Atsumi Christine Chiappini-Williamson Brandon E. Harris Plymouth State Univ., NH Univ. of Akron, OH Univ. of New Hampshire, Manchester Sudip Bajpeyi Cynthia F. Chi Gregory Stuart Harris East Carolina Univ., NC Univ. of MA, Amherst East Carolina Univ., NC Brent A. Baker Catherine R. Clark Michael Joseph Hartman Natl. Inst. of Occ. Safety & Hlth, WV Univ. of Texas, Southwestern Med. Ctr. Univ. of Oklahoma Brian D. Barnes Jessica A. Clark Kevin Scott Heffernan Univ. of Texas, Austin Univ. of Arizona Univ. of Illinois Amanda J. Bell Emily Cozzi Kim Heinge Texas A&M Univ. East Carolina Univ., NC Univ. of Southern California Jeffrey R. Bernard Anne M-J Deschamps Gregory M. Helbig California State Univ., Northridge Med. Univ. of South Carolina Indiana Univ. Sch. of Med. Derek D. Best K. B. Devalaraja-Narashimah Bela A. Horvath Univ. of Rochester Sch. of Med., NY Univ. of Nebraska Med. Ctr. Semmelweis Univ., Hungary James A. Betts Michaela C. Devries Krista R. Howarth Loughborough Univ., UK McMaster Univ., ON, Canada McMaster Univ., ON, Canada Erin A. Booth Betsy B. Dokken Jiaxue Huang Univ. of Michigan Univ. of Arizona Univ. of Oklahoma Michael J. Boulwere Ryan A. Dombkowski Hyun Seok Hwang Univ. of Minnesota Univ. of Notre Dame, IN Univ. of Michigan Scott L. Bryer Kelly A. Dougherty David S. Hydock Univ. of Illinois, Chicago Pennsylvania State Univ. Univ. of Northern Colorado Kirsten A. Burgomaster Noor Naibi B. Dudekula Narveen Jandu McMaster Univ., ON, Canada Univ. of Houston, TX McMaster Univ., ON, Canada Ben Busby Katie E. Ek-Pangerl Melissa Anne Janiec Univ. of Maryland, Baltimore Univ. of Wisconsin, Stout East Carolina Univ., NC Rodica P. Bunaciu Anne L.M. Escaron Cathleen Jenkins Univ. of Kentucky Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison Univ. of Akron, OH

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Myau G. Jenkins Lihua Liang Stephanie M. Otto Mississippi Valley State Univ. Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham Middle Tennessee State Univ. Sultan A. Jenkins Timothy L. Liparulo Ian J. Palmer Univ. of Maryland West Virginia Univ. School of Med. Univ. of Oklahoma Yi Jia Lan Chi T. Luu Joon Y. Park Purdue Univ., IN Univ. of Kentucky Univ. of Maryland Emmanuel Y. Jingwi Mojmir Mach Sheetal S. Patil Howard Univ., DC Wright State Univ., OH Michigan State Univ. Christina K. Jones Brandon R. Macias Guy L. Pellegrini Southern Univ., LA Univ. of California, San Diego Michigan Technological Univ. W. Shane Journeay Vinay Mahajan Karl D. Pendergrass Univ. of Saskatchewan, Canada MA Inst. of Technology Wake Forest Univ., NC Daniel Adam Judelson Katharina Mahn Alex A. Perez-Rivero Univ. of Connecticut King’s College, London, England Michigan State Univ. Lisa Suzanne Jutte Debeshi Majumdar Demetra G. Perlegas Brigham Young Univ., UT Univ. of Alabama, Birmingham Univ. of Virginia Hilmi B. Kandilci Amy E. Mark Jonathan M. Peterson Hacettepe Univ., Turkey McMaster Univ., ON, Canada West Virginia Univ. Rushaniya A. Khairova Alexandre Marles Antoli P. Petridou East Carolina Univ., NC Univ. D’Artois, France Aristotle Univ., Greece Zahida Khan Susan Marsh Prasad V. Phatarpekar Univ. of Pittsburgh, PA Univ. of Queensland, Australia Texas State Univ., San Marcos Hyunju Kim Charbel F. Maskiny Emidio E. Pistilli Seoul National Univ., Rep. of Korea Medical College of Ohio West Virginia Univ. Min-ho Kim Ashish C. Massey Andrea Y. Plate Pennsylvania State Univ. Albert Einstein College of Med., NY Univ. of Minnesota Irene K. Klein Darcel A. McDonald Manu O. Platt Univ. of Illinois, Chicago Univ. of Wisconsin Georgia Inst. Tech./Emory Univ. Phillip G. Kopf Miguel G. Meira e Cruz Rebecca R. Quesnell Univ. of New Mexico Inst. Superior De Ciencias Kansas State Univ. Matthew A. Kostek Da Saude Sul, Portugal Raja Shpkar Rachakatla Univ. of Connecticut Manssa E. Mendelsohn Kansas State Univ. Shathiyah Kulandavelu Univ. of Western Ontairo Senthil Kumar Rajasekaran Samuel Lunenfield Res. Inst., Canada Adrian W. Midgley Sir Ramachaskra Med. College, India Romesh D. Kumbhani Univ. of Hull, UK Mark Rakobowchuk Univ. of Pennsylvania Adam R. Mitchell McMaster Univ., ON, Canada Hyo-Bum Kwak Georgetown Univ., DC Gautham K. Rao Texas A&M Univ. Mohammad W. Mohiuddin Michigan State Univ. Laura R. La Bonte Texas A&M Univ. Lasse E. Rasmussen Univ. of Arizona Daniel R. Moore Univ. of Southern Denmark Ka Man Amy Lam McMaster Univ., ON, Canada Patricia Reger Univ. of Hong Kong Elizabeth A. Mullen Temple Univ., NJ Dale A. Lauver Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison Louis P. Richer Univ. of Michigan Jennifer L. Mummery Hopital Du Sacre-Coeur, Canada Christine M. Layman Dalhousie Univ., NS, Canada Jenniger L. Rogers Michigan State Univ. Yong-Shan Nan Georgetown Univ., DC HeyJoo Lee Nagoya Univ. Sch. of Med., Japan Jason M. Roper Case Western Reserve Univ., OH Desiree M. Nardini Univ. of Rochester, NY William Lee Finch Univ., IL Daniela A. Rubin CA Poly, Pomona Tresa L. Nesbitt Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill Gabor Lenzser Univ. of South Carolina Sch. of Med. Rebecca Ruster Wake Forest Univ., NC Deepthi M. Nimmagadda East Carolina Univ., NC Xiaoyan Li North Dakota State Univ. Edward J. Rybka Univ. of Louisville, KY Benedict O. Nwokedi Midwestern Univ., IL Yuehua Li Univ. of Lagos, Nigeria Jesus R. Salazar East Tennessee State Univ. Ose Rap Obhimon Univ. of Michigan Na Li Ambrose Alli Univ., Nigeria Martha C. Sanchez Univ. of Med. and Dentistry, NJ Yuji Ogura Loma Linda Univ., CA Xiaopeng Li Juntendo Univ., Japan Hiromi Sanders Michigan State Univ. East Carolina Univ., NC

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Olga Santiago Emma Jane Stevenson Jonathan E. Wingo Ponce Sch. of Med., Puerto Rico Loughborough Univ.,UK Univ. of Georgia Rie Sasake Melanie Sweazey Andrea L. Wooles Univ. of Missouri, Columbia East Carolina Univ., NC Sheffield Hallam Univ., UK Minga M. Sellers Paul Tannous Mandy T. Woolstenhulme Texas A&M Univ. Univ. of Texas Southwestern Med. Sch. Brigham Young Univ., UT Weiwei Shi Joshua A. Tende Karen Y. Wondrs Georgia State Univ. Ahamdu Bello Univ., Nigeria Univ. of Northern Colorado Maria Sol Morales Silva Geroge N. Theolilidis Rachel E. Wood Ohio State Univ. Aristotle Univ., Greece Queensland Univ., Australia Kurinji Singaravslu Sridhar Thirumalai Jimin Yang Univ. of Nebraska Med. Ctr. Univ. of Louisville, KY Purdue Univ., IN Kiwon Sohn Benjamin C. Thompson Jaquin F. Zalacain Univ. of Minnesota Univ. of Toledo, MI Univ. of Puerto Rico Sch. of Med. Roberto Solano Britta N. Torgrimson Ming Zhang Univ. of Costa Rica Univ. of Oregon Temple Univ., PA Suma Somasekharan Claudia Toyar-Palacio Zhentao Zhang Kansas State Univ. Univ. of Nacional Autonoma Mexico Purdue Univ., IN David K. Spierer Sofia G. Tsalouchidou Xiaoli Zhao Coler Goldwater Specialty Hosp., NY Aristotle Univ., Greece Univ. of Med. & Dentistry, NJ Damian C. Stanziano Torben R. Uhrenholt Lei Zhu Univ. of Miami, FL Univ. of Southern Denmark Vanderbilt Univ., TN Liza Stathokostas Phillip Watson Shu Zhu Univ. of Western Ontario Loughborough Univ., UK Medical College of Georgia Quiona C. Stephens Heather E. Webb Yael Zilbertsein Ohio State Univ. Univ. of Mississippi Tel-Aviv Univ., Israel

New Affiliate Members

Kathleen T. Brown Edward F. MacNichol, Jr. Christian B. Wenger Georgia Military College Concord, MA Natick, MA Mitchell Friedman Bruce Weekley New Orleans, LA West Point, PA

Recently Deceased Members

Mitchell Friedman Henry L. Price Bruce Weekley New Orleans, LA Bryn Mawr, PA West Point, PA Edward F. MacNichol, Jr. Paul Edward Segall Christian B. Wenger Concord, MA Berkeley, CA Natick, MA James B. Preston George W. Thorn Manlius, NY Beverly, MA

174 The Physiologist Chapter News Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

The Third Gulf Coast Physiological Society Meeting The Gulf Coast Physiological neural control and inflammatory vascular signaling due to nitric oxide Society (GCPS) met at the Adam’s mediators in the regulation of blood and cyclic nucleotides, respectively, Mark Hotel in Mobile, AL on March 5- pressure” was sponsored by the which set the focus for other oral pre- 6, 2004, hosted by the University of American Physiological Society (APS). sentations in those sessions. Overall, South Alabama and the USA Medical The keynote address was followed by attendees presented more than 80 Sciences Foundation. The meeting an oral session organized around abstracts, programmed either as oral attracted 143 attendees from 14 insti- renin-angiotensin signaling and presentations or as posters. tutions or research centers, including hypertension. An additional oral ses- Patricia Molina will chair the organ- the University of South Alabama, sion on Friday afternoon began with a izing committee for the next meeting Alabama State University, Auburn talk from invited speaker Michael of the GCPS, targeted for spring, 2005 University, University of Alabama at Cohen, whose talk on signaling in New Orleans. Birmingham, Talladega College, involved in cardioprotection set for Mary Townsley Spring Hill College, University of focus for oral presentations in the ses- President, GCPS Mississippi Medical Center, Tulane sion. The poster session was held early University, Louisiana State Friday evening following a talk by D. University (LSU) New Orleans, LSU Neil Granger, the new APS Shreveport, Pennington Biomedical President, who gave an overview of Research Center, Xavier University, APS and discussed goals for his term University of New Orleans, and of office. Emory University. One of the success- The banquet on Friday evening con- es of the meeting was the significant cluded with a brief business meeting participation of undergraduate stu- and election of new officers. Patricia dents and undergraduate faculty advi- Molina (LSU, New Orleans) was sors from regional institutions. The elected as President. Michelle meeting was organized by Mary Meneray (LSU, New Orleans) will Townsley, President of the GCPS. serve as Secretary/Treasurer. New The local organizing committee also Councillors for the Society include included James Parker, James Mouhamed Awayda (Tulane Downey, Thomas Lincoln, and University), Barbara Alexander Michael Cohen. (University of Mississippi Medical The two-day meeting opened with a Center), Matt Grisham (LSU welcome from the GCPS President, Shreveport), and Mark Taylor who introduced the keynote speaker, (University of South Alabama). Clinton Webb. Webb is the Robert B. The meeting continued Saturday Mary Townsley, President of the Greenblatt Professor and Chair of the morning with two oral sessions. Gulf Coast Physiological Society Department of Physiology at the Invited speakers William Chilian addresses the annual meeting Medical College of Georgia. His lec- and Thomas Lincoln, gave talks on attendees. ture on “Integration of sympathetic control of coronary vascular tone and

APS President-Elect D. Neil Granger, Mary Gulf Coast Physiological Society President Mary Townsley, and Thomas Lincoln at the Gulf Coast Townsley questions a poster presenter at the meet- Physiological Society meeting. ing.

175 The Physiologist Education Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

APS Recognizes Outstanding High School Students at the 55th Annual International Science and Engineering Fair The 55th Annual International from Southridge High School, aspects of their study. John knew quite Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) Beaverton, OR, was our unanimous well the pitfalls in his project and was held in Portland, OR in May 2004. choice for the first prize ($1,000). She Jason, whose interest in the subject Over 1,200 exuberant, enthusiastic sought to determine whether the pre- was sparked by being a diabetic him- high school students from 40 different ponderance of anterior cruciate liga- self, was able to breathlessly cite rele- countries jostled with each other in ment tears in females resulted from an vant publications. Allison, John and setting up their posters at the elegant enhanced response to relaxin (The Jason also picked up awards from the Portland Convention Center. In addi- Effects of the Relaxin Hormone on the Endocrine Society. tion to the Grand Awards presented by laxity of Male and Female Anterior In addition to the four award winners, the Intel Foundation and five other Cruciate Ligament Tissue, in vitro). She the APS judging team recognized two organizations, Special Awards were used porcine tissues (Achilles tendon other students with honorable men- given by 93 scientific, professional, strips) in an in vitro study done entire- tions: Julian Clint Hong, a senior from industrial, educational, and govern- ly in her school laboratory. All of us Ronald Reagan High School in San mental organizations in the form of were impressed with her poise, as well Antonio, TX (Restraining Restenosis: scholarships, tuition grants, summer as her awareness of the pitfalls and Combating Vascular Disease–Year 4) internships, scientific field trips, and potential implications of the study. and Lisha Laura Constantine, a sen- equipment grants. As is our tradition, Samuel Gregory Finlayson,a ior from the American Senior High the APS presented Special Awards in freshman from San Ramon Valley School in Hialeah, FL (Characterization the form of cash prizes and student High School in Danville CA was of a Truncated form of Slow Skeletal subscriptions to select finalists with the awarded the second prize ($500). He, Troponin T that causes Nemaline best projects in the physiological sci- too, did much of his project beyond the Myopathy). These outstanding students ences, including cellular physiology, ani- ivy-covered walls of academe, in his will receive a one-year subscription to mal physiology, and neurophysiology. case, quite literally out of doors. He Physiology. Following is the first-hand account sought to gauge the effects of chlorine I found the experience to be richly of the proceedings as reported by P.K. on the lung function of outdoor swim- rewarding. I stayed behind for the Rangachari from the O’Brien Centre mers (Effect of Chlorine on Lung Awards Ceremony the day after the for the Bachelor Health Sciences at Function of Outdoor Swimmers). judging and so had the chance to walk the University of Calgary, who headed Finlayson’s study was a neat example through the halls looking at the other up the APS judging team. of integrative physiology. Once again, posters. The breadth of coverage was we were impressed with his ability to impressive, with topics ranging from APS: Rewarding Excellence at the marshal limited resources and conduct the construction of an astronomical ISEF a well-controlled study. He stood up to spectrograph to exploring group The atmosphere was quite giddy some serious questioning, all the more dynamics in Beadlet anemones to with excitement. I was not alone in feel- impressive considering his age. The moral reasoning in teens. I stopped ing exhilarated by the waves of enthu- two third prize winners, who received next to a poster attractively labeled siasm that surged through those halls. $500 each, were John Zeqi Luo of Hormesis. My curiosity was piqued, My fellow judges Virginia Brooks, Bishop Hendricken High School, since I had been involved in a study Charles Roselli and John Resko, all Warwick, RI and Jason Scott looking at the effects of low dose radia- from the Department of Physiology and Pellegrino from Manhasset High tion on colonic transport. I was treated Pharmacology at the Oregon Health School, Manhasset, NY. Interestingly, to a delightful explanation of U-shaped and Sciences University, were equally both had worked on different aspects dose-response curves, the relevance of impressed. Using the Finalist Directory of glucose homeostasis. Whereas John exploring that phenomena and its as our starting point, we tried to fulfill focused on the effects of an extract of potential significance. So infectious was our mandate from the APS, which was American ginseng root on insulin the enthusiasm of the young lady from to recognize and reward outstanding secretion in beta cells (Alternative Arlington, VA that had I known noth- projects in the physiology realm. It was Medicine A relief for diabetes, Phase 3), ing at all about the subject, I would not easy, as many projects were quite Jason used transgenic mice for his have been tempted to rush to my room interdisciplinary. We did, however, project (Analysis of Metformin’s Effect for a “Googling” session to learn more. select half-a-dozen through several on Brain Insulin Receptors). In con- Often, teenagers get a bad rap from iterations that seemed to fit in the cat- trast to the other two winners, these the media and the world in general. egory of “physiology.” We interviewed studies were conducted with the help Teens are frequently portrayed as nar- the candidates, specifically to probe of mentors in university laboratories cissistic, callous, casual and irrespon- their knowledge of the subject under and the techniques used were far more sible. If that is so, the students partic- study and also to get a personal feel as sophisticated than those used by ipating in the 2004 ISEF must have to the process of inquiry that they had Alison and Samuel. John and Jason been raised on some other planet. I engaged in. were well aware not only of the con- left Portland oddly elated. When I vol- Allison Jaye Landstrom, a senior ceptual basis but also the technical unteered to be the lead judge and rep-

176 The Physiologist Education Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 resent the APS, I hardly realized what tion, exuberance, skill and competence guards), seemed somehow quite triv- a tonic it was going to be for me. were rather scary to an aged one like ial. The world seemed a better, braver Curiously, the Canadian edition of me! Modern travel has become quite one for having such wondrous crea- Time magazine for that week had a unpleasant. Crossing borders even tures in it. In dreams, said Yeats, lead article on the confusion raging in more so. But the hassles of the well- begin responsibilities. These kids are the brains of teenagers. If there was choreographed dances we perform dreaming well, very well. The future any lack of decision-making abilities across innumerable airports (placing seemed so much safer with them. on the part of those who jostled the shoes on trays, cell-phones off, shuf- P.K. Rangachari, exhibit halls that week, it was certain- fling unsmilingly with out-stretched APS Education Committee ly well-concealed. Their determina- hands past grim-faced security

P.K. Rangachari congratulates ISEF award win- John Resko, Charles Roselli, P.K. Rangachari, ners Allison Landstrom Samuel Finlayson, Jason and Virginia Brooks served as judges for select- Pellegrino, and John Luo. ing APS special awards at ISEF.

R. Clinton Webb Receives First Bodil M. Schmidt-Nielsen Distinguished Mentor and Scientist Award The Bodil M. Schmidt-Nielsen nize Bodil M. Schmidt-Nielsen, the Liedtke, Case Western Reserve Distinguished Mentor and Scientist first woman President of the Society University, selected R. Clinton Webb, Award honors a member (male or and a distinguished physiologist who Medical College of Georgia, from a female) of the American Physiological has made significant contributions in large pool of candidates. Webb was Society who is judged to have made her field. chosen based both on his outstanding outstanding contributions to physio- The APS Women in Physiology record of mentoring and research. logical research and demonstrated Committee, chaired by Carole M. The award of $1,000 plus travel dedication and commit- expenses and a commem- ment to excellence in orative plaque were pre- training of young phys- sented to Webb by iologists whether by Liedtke, APS President mentoring, guiding and John Williams, and nurturing their profes- Bodil M. Schmidt- sional and personal Nielsen at a special development, develop- luncheon honoring him ing novel education during the Experimental methods/materials, Biology 2004 meeting in promoting scientific Washington, DC. During outreach efforts, the luncheon Webb spoke attracting individuals on “Mentoring, a Mission to the field of physiolo- to Initiate and Inspire” to gy, or by otherwise fos- the attendees, which tering an environment included current and for- exceptionally con- mer students of Webb as ducive to education in well as some of his own physiology. Carole Liedtke, Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen, R. Clinton Webb and mentors. The award was John Williams at the first Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen Award established to recog- Presentation.

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Undergraduate Students Receive David S. Bruce Awards for Excellence in Undergraduate Research

Undergraduate students who were first authors on an abstract submitted to Experimental Biology 2004 in Washington, DC were eligible to apply for the David S. Bruce Awards for Excellence in Undergraduate Research. The award is named in honor of APS member David S. Bruce (1939-2000), who served as Chair of the APS Teaching Section and was a professor of physiology at Wheaton College from 1978-2000. Bruce was a dedicated phys- iology educator who had a particular interest in engaging undergraduate stu- dents in scientific research. Bruce not only encouraged and supported his stu- dents in participating in research, but he also regularly brought undergradu- ate students to the Experimental Biology meeting, often to present their research findings. Janet Bruce, center, presents undergraduate students with certificates The APS Education Committee, for the David S. Bruce Awards for Excellence in Undergraduate chaired by Robert G. Carroll, East Research. The awardees were: Jacob Rullo, Lauren Parish, David Carolina University, initially selected Arnolds, and Steven Smith. 12 finalists from a pool of 19 applicants. Finalists were chosen based on the quality and novelty of Jennifer DiPenta, Acadia Univ. their abstracts, and letters written by the candidates Justin Long, Indiana Univ. describing their career goals, research, and why they were Lauren Parish, Texas Tech Univ. particularly deserving of the award. The 12 finalists were: Jacob Rullo, McMaster Univ. David Arnolds, Williams College Alisa Sato, Tripler Army Med. Center Shaun Best, Univ. of Kansas Steven Smith, Queen’s Univ. Matt Buelow, Medical College of Wisconsin Heather Spaulding, Louisiana State Univ. Rachel Byerley, Indiana Univ. Carmen Troncoso, Univ. of New Mexico

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These students then made oral pre- based on their knowledge of their Session at EB 2004. The awardees sentations of their posters to a sub- research project. Each awardee were: committee chaired by Jeffrey L. received $500 and a certificate of David Arnolds, Williams College Osborn (University of Kentucky) and recognition. Awards were presented by Lauren Parish, Texas Tech Univ. Nancy L. Kanagy (University of New Carroll and Janet Bruce during a spe- Jacob Rullo, McMaster University Mexico). Four awardees were selected cial APS Undergraduate Poster Steven Smith, Queen’s University

Janet Bruce’s offered the following- David Bruce. comments about David at the award “My hearty congratulations to all of ceremony: you for qualifying to present a poster “David proactively involved under- here, and special congratulations to graduate students in research the finalists and award winners.” throughout his entire career. He invited the students who has worked Another tribute came from Bill Cliff with him on a project to present it at Niagra College. This was published with him at the Experimental Biology in the Teaching Section newsletter meetings, and he followed through shortly after David died. with getting the research published “Although I can’t say I really knew with the students listed as co- him as a friend, in the times that I authors. had to share his company at the “David was intentional about life FASEB meetings, I came to appreci- and did a lot of things well. He was a ate him more and more for who he husband, father, professor, was—a fellow who quietly and unob- researcher, and naturalist. We met in trusively lived out his personal faith French class in college. David loved and remained steadfast in his pas- French pronunciation! I’m not sure sion for undergraduate science educa- he always knew what he was saying. tion. Words fail me as I try to describe During the ‘Pink Panther’ years of his impact upon the circles we shared popularity he had a lot of fun imitat- at FASEB. But I will say this: In a ing ‘Inspector Clouseau, you know.’ community that always seems to be There was as much laughter as labor rushing from latest trend to latest Rob Carroll reflects on Janet in the research lab. trend, he was one who exerted a pro- Bruce’s comments regarding her “But it was also a serious business. found settling and stabilizing effect late husband, David, at the first A former student researcher, now a on the folks who got to know him. We David Bruce Award ceremony. cardiac surgeon, said in his tribute to will miss him.” David that ‘precision’ was a verb to

New APS Education Web Design

The APS Education Department has unveiled a new Moving? web design. The new look closely resembles the APS If you have moved or changed your phone, fax home page, with pages that are easy to identify as or Email address, please notify the APS being part of the “APS Package,” while maintaining Membership Office at 301-634-7171 or Fax to an individual Education emphasis and pages that 301-634-7241. Your membership information are easier to navigate. Check out the new look and can also be changed by visiting the Members feel directly from the APS home page, followed by Only portion of the APS Website at the Education link: http://www.the-aps.org. http://www.the-aps.org.

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Summer Research Teachers and Research Hosts Honored at Luncheon

As the culmination of their 12- Martin Frank offered their congratu- explore hands-on, inquiry based teach- month fellowship, the 2003 Frontiers lations while presenting the certifi- ing strategies, consider classroom in Physiology and Explorations in cates to the teachers and their hosts. equity and technology-use issues, and Biomedicine Summer Research The Frontiers in Physiology and begin to develop their own inquiry lab Teachers attended Experimental Explorations in Biomedicine programs activities. Biology 2004 to learn about the latest are designed to create ongoing rela- Frontiers in Physiology is sponsored science research findings, meet with tionships between research scientists by APS, the National Center for physiologists, attend workshops and and middle and high school teachers; Research Resources (NCRR), Science tour the posters and exhibits. Six of and to promote the adoption of the Education Partnership Awards the sixteen Research Teachers also National Science Education (SEPA), and the National Institute of presented posters about their summer Standards for K-12 science content Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney research projects along with their and pedagogical techniques among Diseases (NIDDK) at the National research hosts and lab teams. middle and high school teachers. The Institutes of Health. The Explorations The 2003 Summer Research Explorations in Biomedicine project in Biomedicine program is adminis- Teachers and their APS member works intensively with the science fac- tered through a partnership between Research Hosts were honored at a ulty at Montana schools and tribal col- APS and the American Indian luncheon during Experimental leges that serve Native American stu- Research Opportunities (AIRO) con- Biology 2004. Teachers received cer- dents to create an atmosphere that sortium of Montana tribal colleges and tificates of achievement, and their encourages science studies, and the Montana State University-Bozeman, Research Hosts were presented certifi- exploration and pursuit of biomedical Bozeman, MT. cates of appreciation for their partici- research careers. More information about these pro- pation in the 12-month fellowship. The Summer Research program grams is available on the APS website Robert Carroll, Chair of the offers teachers nationwide a full-time, at http://www.the-aps.org/education/ Education Committee, served as the hands-on laboratory experience for edu_k12.htm. master of ceremonies. Past President seven to eight weeks at APS members’ Barbara Horwitz, President John research labs. Teachers also attend a Williams, President-Elect Neil one-week workshop at the Airlie Granger and Executive Director Center in Warrenton, VA, where they

The 2004 Research Teachers pictured during a week long workshop in July 2003. Front row: Judy Toledano, Alita Thompson, Sandie Nichols, Diane Ford, Mary O’Leary. Middle row: Becky Carney, Larissa Raven, Barbara Behnke, Melissa Gildehaus, Linda Dearth-Monroe. Top row: Elizabeth Quick, Christin Arnini, Sonal Patel, Bonnie Moody, Tim Crane, Tim Craddock, Melissa Maringer.

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Undergraduate Research Highlighted at Experimental Biology Meeting For the first time at the afternoon of the EB meeting and cul- to discuss their future plans. Experimental Biology meeting and as minated in the presentation of the Approximately 200 APS members and a result of the establishment of the David Bruce Awards. guests were in attendance at the ses- David S. Bruce Awards for Excellence Of the 88 undergraduate first sion, with many comments heard as to in Undergraduate Research, APS was authors invited to present at the APS the high quality of research being pre- pleased to host a special APS Undergraduate Poster Session, 75 sented by the students. Undergraduate Poster Session to came to the session and had the oppor- APS looks forward to hosting APS highlight the contributions of under- tunity to put up their poster and pres- Undergraduate Poster Sessions at graduate researchers to physiology. ent it to interested scientists and future Experimental Biology meetings This special session was held in guests. The session not only provided and encourages APS members to have addition to the regularly scheduled the undergraduate students with an their undergraduate students to sub- poster session that the students were opportunity to highlight their research mit abstracts for EB, apply for the programmed into as part of the EB sci- but also to meet faculty from many David Bruce award, and attend the entific program. It was held Sunday graduate schools and medical schools poster session in 2005.

Undergraduate students hang their posters in preparation for the Dee Silverthorn poses questions to first APS Undergraduate Poster Session at Experimental Biology. an undergraduate student present- ing a poster.

American Physiological Society Bodil M. Schmidt-Nielsen Distinguished Mentor and Scientist Award The Bodil M. Schmidt-Nielsen her field. The award of $1,000 and a of innovative teaching methods, etc.; Distinguished Mentor and commemorative plaque will be pre- 2. a list of current and former trainees Scientist Award honors a member of sented at the annual Experimental and their current positions and any the American Physiological Society Biology meeting where the awardee award they received; who is judged to have made outstand- will meet with APS members and 3. at least two and up to five addition- ing contributions to physiological young scientists. The first award was al support letters; research and demonstrated dedication made at EB 2004 in Washington, DC. 4. nominee’s current curriculum vitae. and commitment to excellence in Nominations can be submitted to The nomination packet should be training of young physiologists the Women in Physiology Committee submitted by either a nominator(s) or whether by mentoring, guiding and by any member of the American by a nominator and the nominee. nurturing their professional and per- Physiological Society. The nomination Applications can be sent to the fol- sonal development, developing novel should include the following: lowing address: Bodil Schmidt-Nielsen education methods/materials, promot- 1. a letter stating the basis for nomi- Distinguished Mentor and Scientist ing scientific outreach efforts, attract- nation with a synopsis of the nomi- Award, American Physiological ing individuals to the field of physiolo- nee’s scientific contributions and men- Society, Education Office, 9650 gy, or by otherwise fostering an envi- toring skills and evidence related to Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814- ronment exceptionally conducive to the criteria, such as: assisting stu- 3991. education in physiology. dents with research funding or job Applications are due by October 1, The award was established to recog- placement, success of graduates, publi- 2004. nize Bodil M. Schmidt-Nielsen, the cations and presentations of graduate For questions, please contact the first woman President of the Society students, participation in graduate APS Education Office at 301-634-7132 and a distinguished physiologist who education activities, successful role or [email protected]. has made significant contributions in model, teaching awards, descriptions

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American Physiological Society David S. Bruce Undergraduate Research Award

History interviews, the Committee will decide finalists during the special undergrad- David S. Bruce (1939-2000) served the final awardees. The final awardees uate poster session. Winners will be as Chair of the APS Teaching Section will be announced and will receive selected from among the finalists. The and as a professor of physiology at their certificates during the under- Awards Committee will consider: Wheaton College from 1978-2000. graduate poster session. Winners will • quality of the poster and oral pres- Bruce was a dedicated physiology edu- also be announced at the APS entation; cator who played active roles in both Business Meeting. • quality of graphics used; the APS and the Human Anatomy and • organization of the poster; Physiology Society. As an undergradu- Eligibility • creativity used in displaying and ate educator at Wheaton College, Applicants for the David S. Bruce describing the research as well as in Bruce had a particular interest in Award must: the development of the research proj- engaging undergraduate students in 1. be enrolled as an undergraduate ect; scientific research. Bruce not only student at the time of the application • novelty of the research project; encouraged and supported his stu- and at the time of the EB meeting; • student display of his/her under- dents in participating in research, but 2. be the first author on a submitted standing of the work and its signifi- he also regularly brought undergradu- abstract for the EB meeting. Students cance. ate students to the Experimental may not submit more than one Biology meeting, often to present their abstract for the award competition Awards research findings. In 2000, Bruce died each year; Following the poster presentation, at the age of 61 of complications fol- 3. be working with an APS member the Awards Committee will meet to lowing a kidney transplant. The David who attests that the student is deserv- make their final selections. The APS Bruce Award will honor Bruce’s com- ing of the first authorship; Council previously recommended that mitment to promoting undergraduate 4. have not previously won the David the total number of awards be not involvement in research, in the APS S. Bruce Award; greater than 10% of the applicant annual meeting, and, ultimately, in 5. submit a one-page letter that dis- pool, with a maximum of four awards research careers. cusses his/her role in the research, the annually. Each of the awards will significance of the research, and include: Procedure his/her career plans. • $500 travel award; The David S. Bruce Awards will be • award certificates for both finalists made each year at the Experimental Review Criteria for Abstracts and awardees. Biology meeting to up to four under- Abstracts and student letters will Note: All undergraduates already are graduate students who have both sub- serve as the basis for selection of the eligible for free registration to EB; mitted abstracts for the meeting and 12-15 finalists. Review criteria include therefore, registration is not part of award application materials. the following: the award. Abstracts will be reviewed by the • The abstract displays a clear logic David S. Bruce Award Committee and flow of ideas. Award Presentation prior to the Experimental Biology • The scientific problem includes a As noted earlier, the awards would (EB) meeting. The award committee clear hypothesis to be tested, a well- be presented at the end of the under- includes selected members of the APS described approach to the problem graduate poster session and will be Education Committee and, if deemed using clear experimental methods or noted at the APS Business Meeting. necessary, additional APS members to model. Presentation of the awards during the provide a breadth of coverage for • The results of the study are present- weekend is important since most major topic areas. The Award ed succinctly. undergraduate students are unable to Committee will select 12-15 finalists. • The discussion and/or conclusions stay at the meeting until the business These students will be notified of their are concise and follow logically from meeting. finalist status well in advance of the the results presented. meeting. • The student’s letter indicates that Award Program Evaluation At EB, all undergraduate students s/he played a significant role in the The student finalists and awardees will be invited to present their research, has an understanding of the will be contacted in subsequent years research posters not only during their significance of the research, and has to both determine their career regular scientific session but also at a some interest in a biomedical and/or progress and to invite their continued special poster session prior to the physiology-related career. participation in APS meetings and Bowditch Lecture. Earlier in the day, activities such as the Summer the 12-15 finalists will be asked to set Review Criteria for Poster Research Program. up their posters in the same room. Presentations They will be interviewed by the Award As noted above, the Award Deadline: November 2004 Committee in the afternoon. After the Committee will interview the 12-15

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APS/IUPS Relaunch NIPS as Physiology with New Features, Outlook and Integrated Design APS and the International Union of outstanding and enthusiastic and Physiological Sciences (IUPS) are committed editorial board, ensuring relaunching the journal News in the success of this new endeavor. The Physiological Sciences (NIPS) in transformation of NIPS into August as Physiology. Physiology is another exciting innova- Walter Boron, who has been editor tion of the APS publications program of NIPS for a year and will continue to of the American Physiological Society. lead Physiology, is a former APS It’s more than a name change. President and is professor in the Physiology will showcase the most up- Department of Cellular and Molecular to-date, cross-cutting physiological Physiology at the Yale University research in a manner that will appeal School of Medicine. to scientists of all disciplines.” “The ‘inaugural’ August issue of With the help of Margaret Reich, Physiology is going live with all-new APS Director of Publications and features, and a totally new look—a Executive Editor, the design firm of new cover concept, and new, integrat- J/B Woolsey Associates of ed artwork,” Boron said. “As part of Philadelphia was chosen to develop a the interview process that led to my Walter Boron completely avante garde design for the becoming editor, it quickly became publication, and also to produce com- clear we all felt strongly that this most ing two dynamic colleagues to serve as plete original, innovative artwork for exciting science we call ‘physiology’ associate editors—Michael Caplan all future articles in Physiology. (See lacked the kind of focal publication and Ulrich Pohl—and Gerhard box on next page for more information that many other leading-edge scientif- Giebisch to serve as special advisor.” on the unique design concept for ic disciplines enjoy,” he added. Physiology.) Boron noted that this lack of a driv- Physiology designed to appeal to According to Reich, “NIPS has had a ing publication became increasingly broader audience loyal following, especially internation- noticeable over the past 10 years, Dale Benos, chair of the APS ally, but we are very excited about the “which is about the same period dur- Publications Committee agreed, say- redesigned journal drawing even a ing which physiology itself has been ing, “Walter Boron has assembled an broader audience, especially with the undergoing a transformation, as it exploited advances in molecular biolo- gy and genetics. The Human Genome Project—and genome projects for other organisms—have been a major boost to the discipline.

Physiology: ‘The Place to Be’ It became clear that physiology could play a major role in understand- ing how newly discovered molecules function, and that powerful molecular approaches could help answer some longstanding questions in physiology. “Many younger scientists realized that physiology was the place to be,” Boron said. So the next steps were relatively obvious. Since 1986, the role of NIPS had been to provide educators and enthusiasts with short reviews describing recent advances in physiol- ogy. Physiology will continue to focus This diagram is from an article by Rupert Abele and Robert Tampé of on publishing invited, incisive reviews Goethe University entitled “The ABCs of Immunology: Structure and on cutting-edge topics in physiology. Function of TAP, the Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing” Next Boron recruited “an editorial in the inaugural issue of Physiology. It’s a colorful model of the ATP- board of eminent physiologists, includ- bound dimer of NBD1 and NBD2, viewed toward the cytosol.

184 The Physiologist Publications Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 new title, Physiology, ‘claiming’ the Art Borne of (Neuro)Physiology Inspires Physiology field. “Hopefully, a whole new audience Walter Boron first “met” the is to spell out acronyms, and not use will discover this beautiful, readable Woolsey family when Professor concepts in the art that aren’t used in journal, and in doing so, rediscover Woolsey, the brother of John, was his the text. Basic simple things that too physiology itself,” Reich said. anatomy professor at Washington many journals overlook.” Boron noted that APS, IUPS and the University in St. Louis. Many years Woolsey’s association with editors started out “with high, but later, Boron was collaborating with Physiology hasn’t ended with the realistic, hopes for the development of Emile Boulpaep on their comprehen- August launch. His studio is respon- Physiology. But we’re already far sive textbook for medical and gradu- sible for every illustration, table, and ahead of our targets and milestones: ate students, Medical Physiology. A photograph, as well as the overall Our success rate for recruiting our Cellular and Molecular Approach, presentation of every article in future first-choice authors has been extreme- published by Saunders in 2003. Their issues. This will assure not only con- ly high, and the submissions have editor suggested they meet a new sistency within each article, but also been coming in quickly. artist with a unique approach: John for that issue and beyond. “It’s really a reflection of the growth Woolsey, president of J/B Woolsey. For instance, Woolsey’s “rigorous in of physiology and its role in integrat- Woolsey has a rather unique using a consistent palette” in terms of ing function from the molecule to the approach to his work: “I’ve always particles, organs and other physiolog- whole organism,” he added. “Now that used the question-and-answer, collab- ical building blocks being the same we know the identities of the molecu- orative approach to medical illustra- color, and using like symbols and rep- lar players, physiologists are working tion,” he said. Woolsey’s father was a resentations throughout.” Another to understand how these molecules professor of neurobiology and editor thing that Woolsey’s tries to be con- work, the roles they play, and how of the Journal of Neurophysiology,so sistent about is to “make sure the art changes in these molecules affect the John grew up in a scientific environ- is near the text it’s describing.” function of everything from individual ment. In some diagrams (for instance in cells to the whole organism,” Boron What was unique about designing the Pautler “emerging technologies” said. Physiology, Woolsey says, is that article on “Mouse MRI,” in the August “Walter Boron wanted to make it a issue) “text balloons” and figure leg- Among the new features more widely read journal and he rec- ends are used right in the illustration in Physiology are: ognized the importance of graphic so the reader doesn’t have to jump Highlights from the Literature, a communication.” So collaboratively, of back and forth from the illustration summary of a dozen or so current course, they agreed on a “fresh, new to the caption. It’s all right there. papers nominated by the editorial design approach” that not only uti- And it’s not a one-way street in board and editors of physiology jour- lized modern typefaces and elements, deciding illustrations, either. In the nals around the world; but one that brought an editorial August article by Lundkvist et al, Emerging Tools and Emerging view into a process we call ‘graphic “Why trypanosomes cause sleeping Technologies, discussions of new development,’” Woolsey said. sickness,” Woolsey suggested that a methodologies of interest to physiolo- “Physiology is a pretty overarching distribution map of Africa showing gists; field and includes specialists at dif- where the different types of sleeping Emerging Topics, brief discussions of ferent corners of the science,” sickness are prevalent would help new concepts in physiology. Woolsey noted. “So one of the things readers understand the issue better. we wanted to do, without diluting the It’s that kind of attention to the arti- And planned for upcoming issues: artwork, is to bring more accessibili- cle as a whole that makes Woolsey’s Point/Counterpoint, collegial discus- ty, even for novice readers. Part of it contribution so positive. sions of opposing viewpoints; Timelines, brief historical articles He also thanked the APS Dale Benos (Chair), Ewa describing how a particular field Publications Committee, chaired by Szczepanska-Sadowska, Aki-michi developed to where it is today, some- Dale Benos, and the APS Council, Kaneko, and Jimmy Neill. times linked to current reviews in under the leadership of former presi- “At the APS Publications office, Physiology. dent Barbara Horwitz, Past- Margaret Reich, Jessica Darago President John Williams, and (Journal Copy Editor who also does all Thanks to Former Editors President D. Neil Granger, and the the layout and production), and Eric Boron noted that for more than 18 enthusiastic support of Martin Pesanelli (Art Director) carefully nur- years, under the leadership, first, of Frank, APS Executive Director. The tured Physiology through the 18- Knut Schmidt-Nielsen, then John IUPS Council (Allen Cowley, month incubation period,” Boron said. Shepherd, and, most recently, President) approved the journal’s “And, finally, Charleen Bertolini, who Stanley Schultz, NIPS achieved its transformation to Physiolo-gy, as did joined Physiology as editorial coordi- mission admirably. the APS/IUPS Joint Managing Board- nator, deftly pulled it all together.”

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2003 Impact Factors Are Published by Thomson/ISI

Thomson/ISI has released its 2003 science journals. The 2003 impact fac- table also shows the rank of APS jour- Science Edition of the Journal tors of the journals of the APS, along nals in the physiology category, and Citation Reports, which gives journal with a comparison of the past two each journal’s rank in its related field, impact factors and rankings of 5,907 years, are given in the table below.The as well as each journal’s cited half-life.

Table 1. 2003 ISI Impact Factors

Journal 2001 2002 2003 2003 Cited 2003 Rank, 2003 Rank, Related Half-Life Physiology Related Field (out of 73) Field

PRV 30.061 26.532 36.831 6.6 1 Phys Gen 3.352 4.667 4.368 2.6 6 38/156 Cell Bio 53/156 Biochem & Mol Bio AJP-Renal 4.523 5.044 4.344 6.1 8 3/49 Urol & Nephr AJP-Cell 3.896 3.936 4.103 5.9 9 41/156 Cell Bio JN 3.517 3.743 3.876 7.5 11 36/198 Neuroscience AJP-Endo 3.324 3.62 3.828 6.3 13 17/88 Endo & Met AJP-Lung 3.658 3.9 3.735 4.6 14 5/31 Respiratory NIPS 1.817 2.715 3.682 4.2 15 AJP-Heart 3.232 3.369 3.658 6.2 16 8/70 Cardio AJP-Regu 2.437 3.156 3.627 5.9 17 AJP-GI 3.66 3.346 3.421 5.9 19 9/47 Gastro & Hep JAP 2.581 2.72 3.027 >10 20 2/71 Sport Sciences Advances 0.186 0.744 0.755 67

186 The Physiologist Publications Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Keeping Track of All Those Searches in the Online Journals In 2002, The Physiologist began a we look at how you can keep track of “Search History series of short articles highlighting the different searches you’ve tried as “Rephrase My Search tools and features available when you you are exploring a new topic, and how Search History search through, or work with, the you can most easily review them and The Search History tool shows you a online content of the APS Journals. refine them. Because subject/topic list of all the searches you’ve done in The online editions of the Society searching is an exploration process, the past two hours, from most recent Journals are hosted by HighWire rather than a direct “go to the article to oldest. It lists the search criteria, Press, and all of the features described with this citation” process, you will and the search result size, as shown in here are accessible form the portal on often have a large number of “trial the example below. You can click to the HighWire Library of the Sciences and error” searches. Along the way, bring a search result back (the “resub- and Medicine. The site is at some will have been very productive mit” button), or modify the search cri- http://highwire.stanford.edu or you and you might want to return to those teria (the “rephrase” button). can access it from the APS Journals’ and refine them. The HighWire portal Rephrase My Search home pages. supports this. The Rephrase tool will take the cri- In this issue, we take a step back There are two links on every search teria you used in a search and fill in from all the search and discovery fea- result page that you will find handy the Advanced Search form with those tures we’ve covered in the previous when you want to review and refine criteria. You can then change the cri- articles in this series. In this article, your searches: teria—by adding or removing key- words, by changing date ranges, Figure 1. etc.—to refine your search after seeing what result you get. You might, for example, decide to change from the “all words” option to the “phrase” option, requiring that articles have a phrase exactly matching your criteria. Or you might see your result has a lot of ‘chaff’ in it and add a “NOT” on the search terms. Give these simple tools a try as you explore subject/topic searches. We hope that the results will be helpful and inter- esting.

187 The Physiologist Public Affairs Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

House Proposes 2.6% In this environment the House could tion to exclude rats and mice bred for do no better than to adopt the research from the purview of the AWA. Increase for NIH President’s budget plan for the NIH. It also excluded all birds. In 1999, the New Grants Would Biomedical research advocates are Alternatives Research and Develop- Decrease by 460 hopeful that Senate Labor-HHS- ment Foundation and several other Education Appropriations Subcom-mit- plaintiffs filed suit against the USDA NIH would receive an increase of tee Chairman Arlen Specter (R-PA) will to end these exclusions. However, 2.6% in FY 2005 under the proposal take advantage of the greater legisla- before the suit went to trial, the USDA approved July 8 by the House tive flexibility allowed in the Senate reached an out of court settlement in Appropriations Subcommittee on and can do better. Specter, a long-time which it agreed to go through a formal Labor-HHS-Education. The $727 mil- NIH champion, has indicated that he rule-making process to determine lion increase in the Labor-HHS- will try to provide additional funds. whether and to what extent the Education proposal for the fiscal year In late June and early July FASEB agency should regulate these species. that begins October 1 would bring the sought to bolster Congressional sup- When the USDA-ARDF settlement NIH budget to $28.5 billion, the level port by asking scientists who lived in agreement was announced in October proposed by President Bush. the districts of key Members of 2000, many in the research communi- According to the NIH, with a 2.6% Congress to urge their Representa- ty objected. Concerns were expressed increase the agency would have to tives to provide the highest possible that USDA regulations would add make significant reductions in its funding allocation for the NIH. unnecessary bureaucratic red tape to activities. For example, NIH could fund FASEB legislative alerts may be found the oversight protection that the vast about 460 fewer new and competing at http://capwiz.com/faseb/home/. majority of these animals already grants than in the current fiscal year, receive. Congress intervened in 2000 or else it would have to reduce grant by placing a one-year moratorium on size below the level needed to keep USDA Reviews Status of USDA rulemaking to revise the AWA pace with biomedical inflation. Rats, Mice and Birds Not definition of “animal.” In 2002 The subcommittee’s recommenda- Congress went further by passing an tion was expected to be ratified the fol- Bred for Research amendment to the AWA sponsored by lowing week by the full House Sen. Jesse Helms (R-NC) that changed Appropriations Committee. The The USDA announced June 4, 2004 the definition of animal in the AWA to Senate Appropriations Subcommittee that it has revised its regulatory defi- exclude rats, mice, and birds bred for had also originally planned to mark nition of animal to exclude rats, mice, research. The eventual result of this up its bill on July 8, but that timetable and birds bred for research. This was the notice that the USDA pub- has slipped. change was mandated in 2002 by the lished in the Federal Register on June It was recognized from the outset Helms amendment to the Animal 4, 2004, amending the regulatory defi- that this would be a difficult funding Welfare Act (AWA). The agency also nition of “animal.” year for medical research funding. The announced that it will extend AWA On June 4 the USDA also published President’s announced budget priori- coverage to all other birds and that it an Advance Notice of Proposed ties were to provide the US military is considering whether to develop new Rulemaking (ANPRM) requesting with the funds needed for the wars in regulatory standards for non-purpose- comments on two sets of issues related Iraq and Afghanistan and to fund pro- bred rats and mice. to revising AWA regulations and stan- grams needed to enhance homeland Researchers who use wild, caught, dards for birds, rats, and mice. USDA security. Other domestic spending pro- or other non-purpose bred rats, mice, said in the notice that it intends to grams were given a lower priority, and or birds may wish to provide com- “extend enforcement of the AWA to the President, as well as the ments to the USDA on how these birds other than birds bred for use in Republican leadership in Congress, changes could affect their work. research” and asked for comments on made clear they intended to keep The AWA is the law that requires what standards should be applied. In domestic spending tightly in check. the USDA to regulate the breeding, addition, APHIS asked for comments Federal funding decisions are made transportation and care of warm- on whether the agency should develop in a two-stage process that begins with blooded animals used in research, specific standards for the handling, Congressional approval of a broad teaching, testing, and exhibition. care, treatment and transportation of budget plan, followed by the actual However, there are a number of excep- non-purpose bred rats and mice. These appropriations bills. This year the tions. The definition provided in the animals were already covered under effort to agree on a congressional budg- law lists certain species and activities the AWA, but their care has been gov- et plan dragged on until mid-May, and that are specifically included or erned by the general standards that the final version allowed a total excluded from coverage, and the apply to warm blooded animals not increase of only $3.1 billion for all Secretary of Agriculture also has the otherwise covered in one of the domestic discretionary programs unre- authority to decide whether to regu- species-specific sections of the regula- lated to homeland security. This result- late other species. tions. ed in very low spending “allocations” Starting in the early 1970s, the USDA acknowledged that oversight for the appropriations committees. USDA used its administrative discre- mechanisms are already in place for

188 The Physiologist Public Affairs Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 the vast majority of rats, mice, and tion, and use. Anecdotal evidence sug- American Cancer Society, and the birds—whether purpose-bred or not— gests that while relatively few non- American Diabetes Association, that are used in research. The agency purpose-bred rats, mice, and birds are among other not-for-profit medical noted in the ANPRM that in addition used in research, they come from a and scientific publishers. to the “protections afforded by the wide variety of orders, families, gen- Other recent signatories include the standards and regulations” of the era, and species. If data can be provid- International & American Associa- AWA, “the vast majority of animals ed demonstrating that this is the case, tions for Dental Research, the used in biomedical research, including it may affect the USDA’s decisions American Society of Tropical Medicine birds, rats, and mice, are provided about whether to promulgate species- and Hygiene, and the Anthropology with oversight by [the] Public Health specific standards. Review Database. Service (PHS) of the US Department The June 4 notice entitled “The fact that large societies like of Health and Human Services, “Regulations and Standards for Birds, SfN are signing on even after the ini- through voluntary accreditation by Rats, and Mice” is available on the tial announcement in March is proof the Association for Assessment and USDA website at http://www.aphis. positive that the scientific community Accreditation of Laboratory Animal usda.gov/ac/ under “Federal Register realizes the value of our model,” DC Care International (AAALAC), or Notices.” The notice includes back- Principles spokesman and APS both.” ground information and a list of topics Executive Director Martin Frank When Congress changed the AWA for which comments are sought. said. “They recognize it is one that is definition of animal in 2002, the Responses may be submitted via worth speaking out for.” rationale offered was to avoid burden- postal mail, through a web form or by At the time of the launch, then- some and duplicative regulation of email. Although the end of the com- FASEB president Robert D. Wells purpose-bred rats and mice. However, ments period was announced as noted that, “during the past several USDA remains bound by its settle- August 3, 2004, the USDA is expected years scientific journals have been ment agreement with the ARDF. Jerry to grant a 90 day extension of the com- extraordinarily innovative, and as a DePoyster, a Senior Veterinary ment period until approximately result access to the research literature Medical Officer with the USDA’s November 1, 2004. is greater today than ever.” Animal and Plant Health Inspection The DC Principles outline the com- Service (APHIS) confirmed that the mitment of not-for-profit publishers to June 4 proposals were developed as a Society for Neuroscience work in partnership with scholarly result of that agreement even though communities such as libraries to the proposals now involve only rats, Signs onto DC Principles ensure that these communities are mice, and birds that were not bred for sustained, science is advanced, research. In June, the Society for research meets the highest standards, Researchers who use wild-caught or Neuroscience (SfN) became the 52nd and patient care is enhanced with other non-purpose bred rats, mice, or non-profit publisher to sign onto the accurate and timely information. For birds are encouraged to provide com- DC Principles for Free Access to more information on the DC ments to the USDA concerning the Science, a declaration of “free access” Principles, go to http://www.dcprinci- numbers of animals used, and what publishing principles launched in ples.org. standards should be applied concern- March and backed by APS, FASEB, ing their care, handling, transporta- the American Academy of Pediatrics,

APS Awards The APS sponsored awards are plentiful, but in order to be considered, don’t forget to submit the application information before the deadline! Award Next Deadline Research Career Enhancement Awards October 15 Teaching Career Enhancement Awards October 15 Shih-Chun Wang Young Investigator Award November 1 Arthur C. Guyton Awards in Integrative Physiology November 1 Giles F. Filley Memorial Awards for Excellence in Respiratory Physiology and Medicine November 1 Lazaro J. Mandel Young Investigator Award November 1 Procter & Gamble Professional Opportunity Awards November 6 Caroline tum Suden/Francis A. Hellebrandt Professional Opportunity Awards November 6

189 The Physiologist Senior Physiologists’ News Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Letter to Donald C. Marsh path of transport of newly synthesized materials in the fibers, biochemical Paul Bach-y-Rita writes: “I am processes and micro-assay techniques responding to your letter of June 5. to show the flow of energy needed for For many years I have enjoyed read- transport, the revelation of protein ing letters from Senior Physiologists, structure, the role of DNA and RNA in and now I have become one! I am protein synthesis in the cell body, elec- pleased to state that I am still a full- tron microscopy revealing the molecu- time Professor of Orthopedics and lar structures in the nerve fiber Rehabilitation, and of Biomedical underlying transport, etc. The story Engineering at the University of shows how transport underlies other Wisconsin, Madison. Your letter came Letter to G. Edgar Folk, Jr. basic nerve functions; by the supply of at an interesting moment. This April I ion channels and pumps to the mem- celebrated my 70th birthday, shortly Howard Jacobson writes: “I apolo- brane underlying conduction of the after I was diagnosed with stage 4 gize in advance for taking so long to action potential, metabolic compo- lung cancer. Both of these events are get back to you to thank you for your nents to supply energy locally to the inducements to reviewing my life’s kind invitation. As you may have transport mechanism, turnover of work. guessed, I have been alarmed at your structural elements, and neurotrans- “Within the last few years, my fed- health care system for a long time. mitters and transmitter-associated eral funding has increased dramati- Maybe the time has come for some components carried down to the termi- cally. Within the last year my group beginning steps. Physiology is so cru- nals. Further, in the brain transport in has received approximately 4 million cial that it needs to be involved. I hope the dendrites of neurons appears to dollars, including my five year NEI I gave it a little shove.” underlie learning and memory. The RO1 for 2.1 million that will begin this story of such a protean process could Summer, and we are expecting anoth- Letter to Alan Hofmann well be of interest not only to the neu- er 2 million within the next few weeks. roscientist but as well to those in other Our results have been extraordinary Sid Ochs writes: “Thank you for your sciences and medicine. (e.g., http://www.wicab.com), and par- letter asking ‘what are you doing “In the course of writing, I soon saw ticularly satisfying is that my work in now?’ Since my retirement in 1994 I that for a full appreciation of trans- nosnsynaptic diffusin neurotransmis- have continued working on problems port a more extended examination of sion, late brain plasticity and sensory relating to nerve functions, in particu- its history, the concepts of transport substitution for losses such as blind- lar on axoplasmic transport, though given by Gerard, Young and in the ear- ness and vestibular loss, all of which increasingly writing on the history of lier decades of the century were first published approximately 40 nerve. This has resulted in a book Goldscheider and Ramon y Cajal. years ago, are now becoming accepted. titled, A History of Nerve Functions: Their concepts in turn were based on In particular, tactile vision substitu- From Animal Spirits to Molecular fundamental advances made in the tion, which we first absolutely proved Mechanisms published by Cambridge 19th century, in particular the work of in a Nature paper in 1969, is now get- University Press this July. When the Waller in the middle of the 19th cen- ting a lot of support, not only in this Cambridge University Press asked for tury which pointed to the influence of country, but in several European coun- a book on nerve back in 1983, I the cell body on the viability of the tries, as well as Canada and Mexico. thought that one dealing mainly with nerve fiber, an influence that he “Several years ago, with NIH spon- the history of transport in the last half inferred from the degeneration of sorship, a major advance in the of the century would suffice. It would fibers amputated from their cell bod- human-machine interface (HMI) tech- show how the mechanistic theory of ies and the recognition of the neuron. nology was developed and patented by transport advanced by Paul Weiss in Though considered to be a concept rec- the University of Wisconsin (WARF), mid-20th century, the dominant view ognized toward the end of the19th cen- which assisted me in developing a at the time, holding that the axoplasm tury, it made an early appearance in company to commercialize devices produced in the cell body was the force the 1830’s when Remak showed nerve based on our tongue HMI, and much of for its movement down within the fibers emerging from cell bodies. Of the new federal funds have been to the fibers, much as lead is propelled in an interest were theories of transport in company (including two NIH phase 2 automatic pencil, at a rate estimated nerve that were advanced before then, SBIRs) for this purpose. at several mm per day, a continual theories that had their beginning in “So in summary I am continuing ‘axonal flow,’ was replaced by the the belief of animal spirits, a concept both my theoretical and practical recognition of an energy driven fast that arose in ancient Greece when sci- research and development activities, transport mechanism moving materi- ence itself first originated. This then while trying to overcome a major ill- als down at a rate of more than 400 resulted in my book A History of Nerve ness. The web page mentioned above mm per day. Its nature was revealed Functions: From Animal Spirits to has many of my publications.” when the necessary research tools Molecular Mechanisms. I am now in were made available in the last half of the course of extending studies the 20th century; isotopes to trace the described in the book which relate

190 The Physiologist Senior Physiologists’ News Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 transport in neurons in the cortex and advanced by John Eccles that was slow spreading wave of depression of brain centers to higher cognitive func- widely accepted at the time. Eccles, the cortex, the phenomenon discov- tions. using fine microelectrodes based on ered by Leão. We found the spreading “In your letter you ask ‘which of those originally developed by Gilbert depression to be due to the movement your contributions do you think most Ling in Gerard’s laboratory, found that of ions and water from the intercellu- important?’ These would be the recog- the electrical impulse invading the lar space of the cortex into neurons nition and the characterization of fast presynaptic nerve terminals ending on and glia, from an intercellular space of axoplasmic transport with a fast rate spinal cord motoneurons was followed some 20-25%, one much larger than of 410 mm per day, the process present by a response in the motoneurons only the 5% determined from electron in all types of nerve fibers, in a wide after a delay of a millisecond or two. micrographs. The smaller space was range of mammalian species. We This finding decisively falsified the shown due to the shift of ions and showed that transport is dependent on concept of electrical transmission. water into the cells that incurred in oxidative metabolism supplying ~P in When Eccles visited Gerard at the the preparation of cortical tissue for ATP to its mechanism. Other contri- University, Gerard asked me to come electron microscopy. This was indicat- butions were the recognition and the into the office where Eccles recounted ed by an increase in the electrical analysis of the form change of fibers his new discovery in that my doctoral impedance of brain tissue and by seen as beading, studies of the direct studies were on the effect of current freeze-substitution. Such a larger cortical responses and spreading flow in the spinal cord of cats based on space in the normal cortex was vio- depression of Leão in the cerebral cor- Eccles’ electrical theory. Gerard, who lently opposed by the electron micro- tex. I hope that my text, The Element had theorized that electrical fields in scopists at the time who felt that of Neurophysiology published in 1965 the brain integrated neuron activity because of the superior view of fine by Wiley, my monograph “Axoplasmic on the basis of Eccles’ theory was visi- structure afforded by the new electron Transport and its Relation to Other bly discomfitted and attempted to pro- microscope and their indication of the Nerve Functions” published by Wiley tect the electrical theory. This smaller space was therefore inherent- in 1982, the founding and editing of impressed me with how emotional the ly better. the Journal of Neurobiology, and my supposed unperturbedly analytic “You ask ‘do you have any words of new book on History of Nerve mind of the scientist can be where fun- wisdom to pass on to your younger col- Functions will also be considered use- damental beliefs were at issue, some- leagues?’ I would like to say to work on ful contributions. thing I saw repeated many times over some important fundamental problem “You ask ‘do you have a choice anec- the years.” that really interests you. But this is dote involving your career or an emi- “Eccles’ finding using microelec- not as easy to do today as it was in the nent physiologist?’ While I was a PhD trodes showed the value of a new tech- earlier decades after WWII when graduate student of Ralph Gerard at nique to answer a basic problem. grants were easier to get. Hopefully, the University of Chicago in the late However, too great an attachment to a the present tendency to award grants 1940’s and early 1950’s, the dominant new technique could also be a hin- for ‘safe’ research projects with the theory of neural activity in the central drance. When I later was a postgradu- lure of commercial drug products in nervous system at the time was that ate student with van Harreveld at the the offing, may change and more the electrical discharge in presynaptic California Institute of Technology, we grants given to projects where taking nerve fibers was the agent exciting worked on the problem of the profound a chance on a possible fundamental neurons they end on, the concept shut down of brain activity seen as a advance is encouraged.”

Get Involved With APS Committees!

The American Physiological Society Members are appointed to a three- tion form and submit it for considera- provides its membership with oppor- year term commencing on January 1. tion by the Committee on Committees tunities to be involved with the Committee appointments are stag- and Council. The form is available to Society through service on its various gered so that only a limited number of be downloaded at http://www.the- committees. Committees and commit- the members rotate off a committee at aps.org/committees. tee members are appointed by the the end of each year. Deadline for receipt of Candidate Council of APS at the recommendation Members interested in committee Information and Endorsement Forms of the Committee on Committees. service should complete the nomina- is January 14, 2005.

191 The Physiologist Book Review Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Physiology, 5th Edition anyone would make a decision of text- chapters. For example, the descrip- . book selection based on these review- tions of the resting potential of cardiac Robert M. Berne, Matthew N. Levy, ers’ comments, we have used two cri- cells and of phase 0 of the cardiac Bruce M. Koeppen, and Bruce A. teria on which comparisons might be action potential could have simply Stanton. St. Louis, MO: Mosby, 2004, made. a) Can the text be easily used referred to chapters 2 and 3. A minor 1024 pp, illus., index, $74.95. as an authoritative reference for med- point, but one possible area of confusion, ISBN: 0-323-02225-1. ical students (and residents) later in is in the relationship between the ven- their careers? b) Is it an effective tricular action potential and the con- Those given the responsibility of teaching device for beginning stu- tractile force shown in Figure 15-2. This teaching first year medical students dents, i.e., would first year medical suggests that the contractile force lasts about human physiology have a num- students, who have little time for twice as long as the cardiac electrical ber of excellent texts from which to browsing or digging for information, activity, which to the student may choose. Berne and Levy’s classic text find the organization of topics, clarity appear to conflict with the temporal has been a standard for many years. of exposition, and use of illustrations relationship shown in the basic Wiggers Readers familiar with the previous edi- an efficient aid in learning physiology? diagram of Figure 16-10. In the descrip- tions will find this one very similar. Obviously these criteria are somewhat tion of the electrocardiogram, some stu- Physiology covers, in six sections, the overlapping, as students who find a dents might benefit from a statement nervous, the cardiovascular, pulmonary, textbook clear and easy to use will be that the “mean electrical axis” of the gastrointestinal, renal, and endocrine/ more likely to refer back to it in their heart actually represents the orienta- reproduction systems. It begins in the later clinical years. However, text- tion of the cardiac electrical vector at a standard way with the basics of cellular book (and chapter) authors are pulled single instant in time. A more detailed physiology, including transport, osmotic in two directions with respect to these description of the unipolar and precor- equilibrium, bioelectricity and signal two demands. Making a section dial leads would be useful. transduction, with a section by Howard authoritative requires inclusion of a In modern science textbooks, much Kutchai, who also has written the gas- vast amount of the biomedical infor- of the clarity is provided with illustra- trointestinal chapters. mation that is developing at an tions. This book averages roughly an These introductory chapters are fol- increasingly rapid pace. Yet students illustration per page. The editors have lowed by compact, but thorough, chap- require a guided, less detailed view of chosen to use two color tones, and two ters on the somatosensory, the somatic this landscape to find their way colors quite adequately illustrate the motor, and the autonomic motor sys- through the many facts. concepts. Most of the illustrations are tems. Also covered are the special sens- a) Use as a reference. There is a 35- schematic rather than representation- es, sight, hearing, balance and, briefly, page index, which, though not as exten- al; they focus attention to the points smell and taste, provided by William sive as in some texts, was quite good in discussed within the text and are Willis. directing us to any topic that we sought. clean and uncluttered in appearance. James Watras has provided a con- To guide a review of physiology, each The authors have made a reasonable cise and authoritative section on chapter ends with a concise summary compromise between the competing skeletal and smooth muscle, which emphasizing ten or more main points. goals of clarity and completeness. The serves as an introduction to Mathew Much of the text is adapted from the writing in the forty-six chapters is quite Levy’s portion on cardiac muscle and earlier editions, and occasionally the good overall: although we noticed an the heart. The cardiovascular portion vocabulary seems older. For example, occasional misprint (or figure error), has remained a standard since the the terms symporter, antiporter, and students should find this text relatively first edition of this textbook. In addi- multiporter are not developed in the cell easy to read. Assuming that a course is tion to those previously mentioned, physiology sections, although they are given in one semester of fifteen-sixteen we were impressed by the other used in later portions of the book. Also, weeks, three chapters per week would authors, including Stanton and there appeared to us to be occasional need to be covered. The average chap- Koeppen on renal physiology, Cloutier ambiguities. For example, the develop- ter is twenty-one pages, though some and Thrall on respiratory physiology, ment of osmotic concepts blurs the dis- are half this and the longest, nearly and Saul Genuth’s outstanding cover- tinction between osmolarity and osmo- sixty pages. This book could be the age of endocrinology and reproduction. lality (which is not defined). In spite of basis for an intense semester-long One feature particularly appealing minor areas where individual prefer- course, although if all the material is was the highlighted clinical issues that ences may differ, the text overall seemed covered, a year would be more realistic. are interspersed throughout and used to us authoritative and thorough. In summary, this physiology text- to illustrate basic physiological con- b) Organization of topics and teach- book will continue to be one of the cepts. These blend seamlessly with the ing effectiveness. Physiology is tradi- standards for medical education for text. Clinical issues always seem to tionally taught one organ system at a the foreseeable future and is a lasting help motivate first year medical stu- time. Although the sequence of the tribute to, and one of the legacies of, dents eager to learn about “medicine” organs is somewhat arbitrary, it has the late Professor Robert Byrne, to and thirsty for relevance at this early become standard over the years to whom it has been dedicated. stage of their careers, which traditional- arrange the topics similarly to that of ly has been devoted to basic science. this text. In a few cases authors could Ron Abercrombie and John Pooler Although it seems unlikely that have, for brevity, referred to earlier Emory University Medical School

192 The Physiologist Books Received Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Animal Physiology. ORI Introduction to the Responsible Space and Life: An Introduction to Richard W. Hill, Gordon A. Wyse, and Conduct of Research. Space Biology and Medicine. Margaret Anderson. Nicholas H. Steneck. Hubert Planel. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Rockville, MD: Office of Research Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2004, 186 Inc., 2004, 770 pp., illus., index, Integrity, 164 pp., illus., table of con- pp., illus., index, $74.95. $104.95. tents, $12.00. ISBN: 0-415-31759-2. ISBN: 0-87893-315-8. ISBN: 0-16-072285-3.

Biopac Laboratory Exercises. Primer on the Autonomic Nervous Richard G. Pflanzer. System, Second Edition. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt David Robertson, Italo Biaggioni, Publishing Co., 2004, 181 pp., illus., Geoffrey Burnstock, and Phillip A. table of contents, Low (Editors). $39.95. New York: Elsevier Academic Press, ISBN: 0-7575-0386-1. 2004, 459 pp., illus., index, $79.95. ISBN: 0-12-589762-6. Human Physiology: The Basis of Medicine, Second Edition. Principles of Gender-Specific Gillian Pocock and Christopher D. Medicine, Vol. 1. & Vol. 2. Richards. Marianne J. Legato (Editor). New York: Oxford University Press, New York: Elsevier Academic Press, 2004, 714 pp., illus., index, $59.50. 2004, 625 pp., illus., index, $279.95. ISBN: 0-19-858527-6. ISBN: 0-12-440906-7.

People & Places

Ahmmed Ally has accepted a position Recreation, and Leisure Studies Angeles, CA. Previously, Chase had with the Department of Pharmaceuti- Department, University of Nebraska been affiliated with the Department of cal Sciences, Palm Beach Atlantic at Kearney, NE. Prior to his new posi- Physiology, UCLA School of Medicine, University, Palm Beach, FL. tion, Brown was associated with the Los Angeles, CA. Previously, Ally was associated with Jiann-Ping Hsu School of Public the Department of Pharmaceutical Health, Georgia Southern University, Kenneth D. Cohen is currently with Sciences, North Dakota State Statesboro, GA. the Kennedy Space Center, Life University, Fargo, ND. Sciences Support Contract, Kennedy Carlos Raul Cassanello recently affil- Space Center, FL. Formerly, Cohen Robert J. Alpern has been appointed iated with the Centre for Neurobiology was affiliated with the Department of Dean, Yale School of Medicine, New and Behavior, Columbia University, NY. Biological Science, Western Michigan Haven, CT. Prior to his new position, Cassanello was previously associated University, Kalamazoo, MI. Alpern was Professor of Medicine and with the Department of Physiology, Dean, Department of Internal Medicine, Sloan Center Theoretical Neurobiology, Leslie Anne Cornick accepted a University of Texas Southwestern University of California, San Francisco, position with the Department of Medical Center, Dallas, TX. CA. Environmental Science, Alaska Pacific University, Fairbanks, AK. Prior to her Johnnie Bremholm Andersen is Amanda L. Chancey has accepted a new position, Cornick had been associ- presently affiliated with the Depart- position with Winter’s Center for ated with Connecticut College, New ment of Ecology and Evolutionary Heart Failure Research, Baylor London, CT. Biology, University of California, College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Irvine. Anderson was formerly associ- Chancey had been previously associat- Allen Dale Everett has moved to the ated with the Department of ed with the Department of Anatomy, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Zoophysiology, Institute of Biological Physiology, and Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Sciences, University of Aarhus, Auburn University, Auburn, AL. MD. Prior to his new position, Everett Aarhus, Denmark. was associated with the Department Michael H. Chase, Emeritus of Pediatrics, University of Virginia Gregory Allen Brown joined the Professor, is a Senior Researcher with Health System, Charlottesville, VA. Health, Physical Education, Web Sciences International, Los

193 The Physiologist People & Places Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Yuqing Huo is currently associated Pietro Scotto has recently associated Robert J. Unwin is currently associ- with the Cardiovascular Division, with the Department of ated with the Department of University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Pharmacology, Section of Physiology, Physiology, Royal Free and University MN. Prior to his new position, Huo University of Naples, Naples, Italy. College Medical School, London, was affiliated with the Department of Formerly, Scotto was with the United Kingdom. Unwin had been Biomedical Engineering and Health Department of Physiology, University affiliated with the Department of Science Center, University of Virginia, of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy. Nephrology & Physiology, University Charlottesville, VA. College London, United Kingdom. Charles L. Seidel accepted the posi- James D. Marsh is now affiliated tion as Professor and Chair, Ross Serge P. von Duvillard is presently with the Department of Medicine, University School of Medicine, Edison, affiliated with the Department of University of Arkansas for Medical NJ. Seidel was formerly with the Health, Kinesiology, and Sports Science, Little Rock, AR. Prior to his Department of Molecular Physiology Studies, Texas A&M University, new position, Marsh had been associ- and Biophysics, Baylor College of Commerce, TX. von Duvillard had ated with the Department of Medicine, Houston, TX. been affiliated with the Human Medicine, Wayne State University Performance Laboratory, Department School of Medicine, Detroit, MI. Neal J. Smatresk has accepted the KHP, California State Polytechnic, position of Vice Chancellor for Pomona, CA. Benjamin F. Miller accepted a posi- Academic Affairs, University of tion with the Department of Exercise Hawaii, Manoa, Honolulu, HI. Brian J. Whipp recently joined the and Sport Science, Tamaki Campus, Smatresk previously was affiliated School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, with the College of Science, University University of Leeds, United Kingdom. New Zealand. Miller was previously of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX. Whipp was formerly with the Division associated with the Sports Medicine of Respiratory and Critical Care Research Group, Bispebjerg Hospital, Patrick K. Stanton has affiliated Physiology and Medicine, Harbor- Copenhagen, Denmark. with the Department of Cell Biology & UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA. Anatomy, New York Medical College, Marshall H. Montrose is currently Valhalla, NY. Professor Stanton was Christopher J. Wingard accepted a Professor and Chair, Department of formerly with the Department of position with the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Neurosciences, Albert Einstein Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. East Carolina University, Greenville, OH. Prior to his new assignment, NC. Wingard was previously with the Montrose had been affiliated with the Michael Sturek recently joined the Department of Physiology, Medical Department of Cellular and Integra- Department of Cellular & Integrative College of Georgia, Augusta, GA. tive Physiology, Indiana University, Physiology, Indiana University School Indianapolis, IN. of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN. Sturek Scott Jonathan Wood, Senior was formerly associated with the Research Scientist, recently affiliated Xiang Qian recently affiliated with Department of Pharmacology & with Universities Space Research Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Physiology, University of Missouri Association, NASA Johnson Space University of California at San School of Medicine, Columbia, MO. Center, Houston, TX. Wood was for- Francisco, CA. Qian’s former association merly associated with the Department was with the Department of Physiology Todd A. Trappe has affiliated with of Spatial Orientation, Naval and Biophysics, University of Miami the Human Performance Lab, Ball Aerospace Medical Research Lab, School of Medicine, Miami, FL. State University, Muncie, IN. Prior to Pensacola, FL. his new position, Trappe was associat- Harrell Lester Reed, II, has moved ed with the Donald W. Reynolds to Whitford, Auckland, New Zealand. Department of Geriatrics, Nutrition, Reed was formerly Association Metabolism, and Exercise Lab, Medical Director, MultiCare Medical University of Arkansas Medical Group, MultiCare Health System, Science, Little Rock, AR. Tacoma, WA.

194 The Physiologist Positions Available Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Rogers, Dept. of Electrical & lum vitae, statement of research inter- Postdoctoral Positions Computer Engineering, University of ests, names of three references and Delaware, 140 Evans Hall, Newark, GRE scores (for Predoctoral Trainees) Postdoctoral Position: A postdoctor- DE 19716. The University of Delaware to: C. William Balke, MD, c/o Ms. June al position is available in the is an equal opportunity employer, with Clopein University of Maryland Department of Physiology at the a beautiful suburban campus that is School of Medicine, 660 W. Redwood Louisiana State University Health less than one hour from Philadelphia Street, 570C, Baltimore, MD 21201; Sciences Center in New Orleans. The and Baltimore. email: [email protected]; fellow will be involved with studies http://medschool.umaryand.edu/cvrg. investigating mechanisms of coronary dysfunction in the prediabetic meta- Postdoctoral Positions: Postdoctor- bolic syndrome. In particular, the fel- al positions are available in heart fail- Postdoctoral Position: An NSF- low will be responsible for conducting ure research for Experienced Cellular funded postdoctoral position is imme- experiments in conscious, chronically Electrophysiologists and Molecular diately available for an individual instrumented and anesthetized dogs, Biologists. Positions are NIH-funded interested in examining the respirato- performing functional isolated coro- and involve, but are not limited to, Ca ry physiology of terrestrial insects. nary microvessel studies, and for bio- signaling in cardiac muscle, novel Ca The project is broadly comparative chemical and molecular assays. This permeable Na current, and in vivo and will include, at a minimum, bee- research opportunity offers an inte- gene transfer. Tenure-track faculty tles from Arizona and southern Africa. grative approach to study coronary positions possible pending independ- The study will be conducted in collab- and cardiovascular regulation in ent research funding after three years oration with Dr. Michael Quinlan developing diabetes mellitus. The posi- of support. Requirements: PhD and/or (Midwestern University) and Dr. Allen tion is available immediately and is MD with strong background in cellu- Gibbs (University of Nevada at Las funded by NIH/NHLBI. The initial lar electrophysiology and/or Molecular Vegas). Dr. Steven Chown (University appointment will be for two years and Biology as demonstrated by publica- of Stellenbosch, South Africa) is a col- may be extended depending on mutu- tion record. Send: curriculum vitae, laborator on this grant and will pro- al agreement. The ideal candidate for statement of research interests, and vide access to the African species. The this position will have a strong back- names of three references to: C. successful candidate will be based pri- ground in cardiovascular physiology William Balke, MD, c/o Ms. June marily in the Phoenix area, though he and mechanisms of vascular control. Clopein, University of Maryland or she will be expected to travel to Experience with in vitro microvascu- School of Medicine, 660 W. Redwood UNLV on occasion. Money is available lar studies is preferred. Applicants Street, 570C, Baltimore, MD 21201; for some travel to the Chown lab at should email their curriculum vitae email: [email protected]; the University of Stellenbosch. and at least two references to: Website: http://medschool.umaryand. Candidates having experience in one Johnathan D. Tune, PhD, Assistant edu/cvrg. or more of the following areas will be Professor, Department of Physiology, given preference: (1) respiratory phys- LSU Health Sciences Center, 1901 iology, especially of terrestrial inverte- Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA Pre- And Postdoctoral Fellows- brates, (2) phylogenetic comparisons 70112; Office Tel.: 504-568-6182; Lab hips: Funded by an NIH training of physiological traits, and (3) insect Tel.: 504-568-2619; Fax: 504-568-6158; grant, providing interdisciplinary metabolism and water balance. A PhD Email: [email protected]. Web sites: training in cardiac and vascular cell in biology or a related discipline is http://www.lsuhsc.edu/no/; biology, emphasizing the functional required. Initial appointment will be http://www.physiology.lsuhsc.edu/ properties of cardiac and vascular for one year and is renewable upon [AA/EEO] smooth muscle, trainees completing satisfactory performance. Applicants this program will be prepared to bring must submit a complete curriculum a wide range of methodological vitae and names and contact informa- Postdoctoral Fellowship: Postdoc- approaches to bear on basic questions tion for two references to Michael toral fellowship studying synaptic in normal cardiac and vascular cell Quinlan, Department of Basic Science, plasticity in brainstem circuits. biology, on the underlying mecha- Midwestern University, 19555 N. 59th Technical support and training is nisms responsible for a variety of car- Ave, Glendale, AZ 85308 (email offered in a modern neurophysiology diac and vascular pathologies, and on [email protected]). Review of lab for an energetic electrophysiologist their possible cure and prevention. applications will begin immediately. with 2+ years experience in intracellu- Requirements: Predoctoral trainees lar recordings using sharp electrodes have a solid background in biology, and whole-cell methods, preferably in chemistry and/or physics, excellent Postdoctoral Fellow Position. Scott vivo. A flexible one or two-year com- GRE scores, research experience and & White Memorial Hospital is seeking mitment is available. Interested strong letters of recommendation. a candidate for a 2-year postdoctoral applicants should send curriculum Postdoctoral trainees have completed research fellow position to investigate vitae and reference letters to: a solid PhD thesis and have strong let- molecular and cell signaling pathways [email protected]; or Dr. Robert F. ters of recommendation. Send curricu- involved in cholangiocarcinoma

195 The Physiologist Positions Available Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

(tumors of biliary origin) proliferation relocation, conference travel, and at a selective undergraduate institu- and apoptosis. Our NIH and VA fund- health insurance. Interested appli- tion. Starting salary is $35,000 plus ed laboratory is involved in studies of cants should send a CV with a cover benefits. Please send curriculum vitae, the signaling mechanisms of cholan- letter addressing their qualifications a brief description of research inter- giocyte proliferation in cholestatic and proposal ideas to: Lisa R. Leon, ests/experience, and the names and liver and cancer models. In addition, PhD, Research Physiologist, Thermal contact information of three refer- the fellow will have opportunities to and Mountain Medicine Division, US ences to: Dr. Paul Heideman, Chair, collaborate with other on-going labo- Army Research Institute of Department of Biology, P.O. Box 8795, ratory projects involving the intracel- Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA College of William and Mary, lular signaling mechanisms of cholan- 01760-5007 or email to lisa.leon@na. Williamsburg, VA 23187-8795; email: giocyte proliferation and apoptosis in amedd.army.mil, Tel.: 508-233-4862. [email protected]. Applications from cholestatic liver diseases. Experience Applicants are encouraged to contact minorities, women, or non-US citizens in molecular biology and cell-signaling Dr. Lisa Leon to discuss their proposal are encouraged. [AA/EEO] techniques are preferred. A back- ideas prior to submission to the NRC ground in immunology is desirable. for peer review. Applications must be Potential opportunity to apply for submitted directly to the NRC by Postdoctoral Position: An NIH- intramural and extramural funding August 1 or November 1, 2004. funded postdoctoral position is imme- and develop independent research Detailed program information, includ- diately available in the laboratory of program. Salary will be based on NIH ing instructions on how to apply, are at Dr. Robert H. Cox to study the regula- pay-scales dependent upon relevant http://www.national-cademies.org/rap. tion of expression and function of volt- experience. Our laboratory is located age gated K+ channels in vascular in Temple, Texas on the Scott and smooth muscle. A variety of experi- White/Texas A&M University campus Postdoctoral Position, Evolutionary mental approaches are employed in in central Texas. Please email CV and Physiology, College of William and these studies including mechanical names of three references to: Mary (Available September 2004 until studies of isolated, pressurized small [email protected]. [EEO] filled). A research/teaching postdoctor- mesenteric arteries; electrophysiology al position is available, renewable of Kv channels in native smooth mus- annually for up to five years, to inves- cle myocytes and heterologously Postdoctoral Research Award: The tigate the evolution of complex neu- expressed in mammalian cells; analy- Thermal and Mountain Medicine roendocrine pathways. Applicants sis of gene and protein expression; Division of the US Army Research should have a PhD prior to September analysis of promoter function; and Institute of Environmental Medicine, 2004 and experience in one or more of immunolocalization of Kv proteins. Natick, MA invites applications for a these areas: neuroendocrinology, Salary is based upon experience and National Research Council (NRC) behavior, evolutionary biology, physiol- current NIH postdoctoral levels. postdoctoral research award. ogy, or cell and molecular biology. The Applicants must have a PhD or MD Successful applicants will use successful candidate will conduct col- degree and experience in one or more biotelemetry (body temperature, ECG, laborative research, assist in manag- of the above areas. Interested appli- EMG) to study rodent thermoregula- ing a research laboratory of under- cants should send a cover letter, cur- tion and pathophysiology as it relates graduate and master’s level research riculum vitae, and names of three ref- to thermal extremes (heat, cold). The students, and teach one course annu- erences to: Robert H. Cox, PhD, Ion primary research goal is to identify ally, probably animal physiology, each Channel Laboratory, Lankeanu markers of tolerance and methods of spring semester. The research focus is Institute for Medical Research, 100 E. thermal injury prevention and treat- on the contribution of genetic varia- Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewoord, PA ment employing mouse (wild-type and tion and phenotypic plasticity to the 19096; Email: [email protected]; Home gene knockout) and rat models. evolution of a complex neuroendocrine Page: http://www.limr.org. Proposals of particular interest will pathway. This pathway integrates examine the mechanisms of heat photoperiod and other environmental injury. Qualified applicants must be information to regulate reproductive, Postdoctoral Position. Calcium US citizens and should have experi- physiological and behavioral respons- Signaling in Smooth Muscle. ence in physiology at the human, ani- es to seasons. More details on the Postdoctoral position immediately mal or cellular level. Knowledge of research are available at: http://facul- available to study calcium signaling, rodent modeling, biotelemetry, ther- ty.wm.edu/pdheid. The College of including sparks and waves, and moregulation, fluid balance and/or William and Mary is a “Public Ivy” potassium channels in arterial smooth stress mediators (cytokines, eico- with 5500 undergraduate enrollment, muscle cells. Particular emphasis will sanoids, caspases, heat shock proteins, nationally competitive undergradu- be placed on regulation by mitochon- etc) is desirable. The competitive ates, and a strong research tradition. dria and carbon monoxide. Experience award is for one year initially, with the This postdoctoral position is particu- with cardiovascular physiology, elec- possibility for renewal for a second larly good experience for individuals trophysiology, confocal microscopy year. Annual stipend is $50,000 for wanting to develop skill at balancing and/or calcium imaging preferred. recent PhDs, with additional funds for teaching and research while working Required qualifications include a PhD

196 The Physiologist Positions Available Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 or MD in Physiology or a related field. develop and manufacture a wide Send curriculum vitae and names and Research Positions range of innovative products. addresses of 3 references to Jonathan Research is the foundation of Merck’s H. Jaggar PhD, Department of Cardiovascular/Renal Pharma- success and the heart of our company’s Physiology, University of Tennessee cologist: We are seeking a talented overall strategy. We are currently Health, Science Center, 894 Union cardiovascular/renal pharmacologist seeking a Research Biologist to join Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA; to be part of the Abbott Discovery the Merck Research Laboratories [email protected]. research team. This person should be (MRL) team in West Point, PA. With [AA/EEO/VI/Title IX/Section an independent, creative thinker will- an emphasis on movement disorders 504/ADA/ADEA] ing to support multiple therapeutic research, you will plan and execute in areas including Metabolic Disease vitro brain slice electrophysiological Research, Neurological Disease, experiments. You will also organize Postdoctoral Fellow: A postdoctoral Cancer, Infectious Disease, and and analyze data, perform statistical position is available at the University Immunoscience. The successful candi- analysis, summarize and interpret of Iowa to study endothelial cell stem date will possess a PhD in pharmacol- data, and present findings at team and progenitor cells. The laboratory’s ogy/physiology and at least two years meetings. To qualify, you must have a emphasis is on the study of these cells of postdoctoral training. Extensive bachelor’s, master’s, or equivalent in the context of diabetes and aging. experience with in vivo animal models degree. Experience with tissue slice or The successful candidate will 1) have is essential. Experience in the areas of cultured cell recording methods, a record of publications in peer- renal pharmacology, molecular biology, including field recording, whole cell reviewed international journals; 2) and/or platelet function would be a patch clamp, or intracellular recording hold a PhD in a basic science or be an distinct advantage. Strong written is required, as is the ability to work MD with extensive laboratory experi- and oral communication skills and the independently in a team-oriented drug ence; and 3) have less than five years ability to work in a dynamic, fast- discovery environment. Experience postdoctoral experience. Experience in paced environment are key attributes. with in vivo studies is beneficial. We vascular biology or stem cell biology is Follow your aspirations to Abbott for offer a competitive salary, an out- desirable but not required. Please sub- diverse opportunities, competitive standing benefits package, a profes- mit a cover letter with a brief descrip- salaries, great benefits, a 401(k) sional work environment and opportu- tion of research experience, curricu- retirement savings plan, a company nities for professional growth. To lum vitae including bibliography, and paid pension plan and profit sharing, apply, please visit http://www.merck. the names and contact information of all with a company providing the com/careers and search for job number three references to: Dr. Gina C. growth and strength to build your BIO000580, or create a profile to be Schatteman, Exercise Science, 412 future. For more information and to notified of future opportunities. Field House, University of Iowa, Iowa apply online, please visit http://www. [EEO/M/F/D/V] City, IA 52242; Email: gina-schatte- abbott.com. Click Career Center, Job [email protected]. Electronic applica- Search, Job Opportunities, Search tions are preferred. Applications will Openings, Enter 24086BR into the Physician or Science Administra- be accepted until the position is filled. Keyword field. [EEO] tor, Respiratory Sciences/Asthma: Minorities, women and disabled indi- The Department of Health and viduals are strongly encouraged to Human Services and the National apply. [AA/EEO] Research Biologist, Molecular Institutes of Health is seeking a pul- Neurology Department. Enhancing monary researcher, cell/molecular and preserving the quality of life: this biologist, physiologist, biochemist, is the commitment that Merck & Co., immunologist or geneticist to provide Inc. stands by, and it is what has dis- administrative scientific support in tinguished us as the world’s leading the management and development of research-driven health products com- the extramural grant program in the pany. Consistently ranked by Fortune Airways Diseases Program, Division as one of the “100 Best Companies to of Lung Diseases. Essential qualifica- Work for in America,” we discover, tions are an MD or PhD and a desire

Advertise your job vacancy to over 10,000 members and subscribers! Ads are accepted for either positions available or posi- the following items are needed: a copy of the ad, the name tions wanted under all categories. The charge is only $75. of a contact person, and either a purchase order number, All ads are also posted on the APS Career Opportunity credit card number (with expiration date and name of Web page upon receipt for a three month period. cardholder) or billing address. Send the information to If you would like to have your ad listed in The Linda Dresser (Email: [email protected]; Tel: 301-634- Physiologist or on the APS Career Opportunities Web page 7165; Fax: 301-634-7241). (http://www.the-aps.org/careers/careers1/posavail.htm),

197 The Physiologist Positions Available Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004 to pursue an administrative non-labo- ries and methods required to address some progressively responsible inde- ratory career track. The candidate important problems in the function pendent research work. Requires com- selected will provide leadership for and cell biology of this protein in pletion of postdoctoral training. established national programs and epithelial and nonepithelial cells. The Requires experience with neurophysi- develop new programs. Area of pri- work will involve a combination of ologic techniques in rodents, such as mary interest would be asthma. Other electrophysiologic, biochemical and sympathetic nerve recording and cen- program areas to which the candidate recombinant DNA techniques. tral neural cannulation, as evidenced may contribute include obstructive Requires a person in this classification by published works. Requires research lung disease, cystic fibrosis, genetics, has the academic knowledge of a disci- experience with molecular biologic respiratory neurobiology and sleep. pline that is generally associated with techniques including assays of mRNA For the basic qualification require- a Doctoral degree, or an equivalent and proteins for the study of molecu- ments, refer to the NIH guidance for professional degree, i.e., MD, DDS or lar mechanisms and their abnormali- Health Scientist Administrators or DVM. In addition, the person will ties in rodent models of obesity. Medical Officers, http://www.nhlbi. have demonstrated the ability to plan Desires research experience with nih.gov/about/jobs/hsaguide.htm and execute a research study through genetically engineered rodent models http://www.opm.gov/qualifications/SE some progressively responsible inde- including transgenic and knockout C-IV/B/GS0600/0602.HTM. US citi- pendent research work. Requires com- models. Desires research experience zenship is required. Appointment will pletion of postdoctoral training. with neuropeptides and their antago- be made at GS-12/13/14 grade level Desires postdoctoral experience in nists for study of the molecular path- ($60,638 to $110,775) depending on gene transfer and adenovirus vectors ways involved in the regulation of qualifications. A Physician Compara- generation. Highly desires research appetite and metabolism. Please send bility Allowance may be paid up to experience in biochemical analysis of resume and cover letter indicating $30,000 per year. In addition, a structure function and in the biochem- #50367 to: Carol Wehby, Human recruitment bonus may also be consid- istry of membrane proteins and Resources, Internal Medicine, E400 ered. Excellent health, life, invest- recombinant DNA techniques. Desires GH, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, ment, and personal leave benefits. the ability of the person to obtain Iowa, 52242-1081. [AA/EEO] Position requirements and detailed funding for their demonstrated work. application procedures are provided in Please send resume and cover letter two separate vacancy announcements. indicating #50417 to: Carol Wehby, Director, Animal Reproduction Please access http://www.careerhere. Human Resources, Internal Medicine, and Biotechnology Laboratory nih.gov and refer to HL-04-0028 for E400 GH, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa and Professor: The Department of Science Administrators and HL-04- City, IA, 52242-1081. [AA/EEO] Biomedical Sciences at Colorado State 0029 for Physicians. How to apply: University seeks a scientist to provide submit a resume, OF-612 (Optional leadership and oversight as Director Application for Federal Employment), Assistant Research Scientist, The of the Animal Reproduction and CV/bibliography or other format to: University of Iowa Carver College of Biotechnology Laboratory (ARBL) at Jill Beklik/Susan McPherson, Human Medicine, Department of Internal the rank of Professor. Candidates with Resources Specialist, Two Democracy Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular expertise in reproductive biology that Plaza, Suite 700N, 6707 Democracy Diseases. The Department of Internal enhances or complements existing Blvd., Bethesda, MD 20817. All appli- Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular ARBL strengths are encouraged to cations must be postmarked by the Diseases, is seeking an Assistant apply. ARBL is one of sixteen closing date 09/01//04. For additional Research Scientist to perform basic or University Programs of Research and information contact Susan McPherson applied research on the autonomic, Scholarly Excellence, which are priori- or Jill Beklik at (301) 496-6477. [EEO] cardiovascular and neurobiologic ty areas for enhancement. Research aspects of obesity in which existing programs in ARBL broadly address theory or methods may be limited or regulatory mechanisms that underlie Assistant Research Scientist. The lacking with responsibility for identi- mammalian reproduction. Current University of Iowa Carver College of fying and selecting the problems to be faculty interests include neuroen- Medicine, Department of Internal studied, the approach to them and the docrinology, ovarian function, gamete Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, results obtained. Requires a person in biology, preimplantation embryology, Critical Care and Occupational this classification has the academic assisted reproductive technologies, Medicine. The Department of Internal knowledge of a discipline that is gen- uterine function, placental-fetal inter- Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, erally associated with a Doctoral actions and fetal development, molec- Critical Care and Occupational degree in biomedical science (PhD) in ular signaling, and reproductive dis- Medicine, is seeking an Assistant Biomedical Science, or an equivalent ease and toxicology. Excellent labora- Research Scientist to perform basic professional degree, i.e., MD, DDS or tory space and facilities for both large research in understanding the func- DVM. In addition, the person will have and small animals are available, as tion and biochemistry of the receptor had postdoctoral research training are several core facilities within the for adenovirus (CAR). The work will and demonstrated the ability to plan University. Currently, 10 tenure-track include an understanding of the theo- and execute a research study through faculty members within the

198 The Physiologist Positions Available Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

Department of Biomedical Sciences ty can be found at http://www.cvmbs. http://www.ttuhsc.edu/som/physiolo- are associated with ARBL; a faculty colostate.edu/bms/arbl.htm. A letter of gy/. Interested individuals should sub- member from the Department of application, curriculum vitae, state- mit letters of application, C.V., and the Clinical Sciences and a faculty mem- ments of research and teaching inter- names of three references either by ber from the Department of Animal ests, and list of three references who regular mail or email to: Mr. Bryce Sciences are also integral members of may be contacted when appropriate, McGregor, Assistant Dean of the ARBL. The Department also has should be sent to the chair of the Medical School, Texas Tech University major strengths in neurobiology and search committee: Dr. George Seidel, Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, ion channel physiology. A significant Search Committee Chair, ARBL, Texas 79430; email: bryce.mcgregor@ number of Departmental faculty mem- Campus Delivery 1683, Department of ttuhsc.edu [EEO] bers are involved in the University Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State Program of Research and Scholarly University, Fort Collins, CO 80523- Excellence in Molecular, Cellular and 1683; [email protected]. Assistant Professor-Physiology Integrative Neurobiology (MCIN). Review of applications will begin Educator Faculty Position: The Faculty members in the Department August 16, 2004, and continue until a Department of Pharmacology & are committed to teaching undergrad- suitable candidate is found. Physiology, Drexel University College uate, graduate and professional vet- Applications received after August 16 of Medicine, invites applications from erinary medical students, and have a may or may not be considered. Salary individuals with a PhD or MD degree strong reputation for innovation in will be commensurate with qualifica- for a tenure-track faculty position at instructional technology. Some ARBL tions and experience. [EEO/AA] the Assistant Professor level. We seek faculty also teach numerous special- an individual to serve as a full-time ized short courses in equine reproduc- educator involved in the teaching of tive techniques for veterinarians and Faculty Positions physiology to medical and graduate farm managers and are responsible students. In addition to participating for a large clinical service program in in team-taught courses, the successful equine reproduction. The individual Professor and Chairperson, Texas individual will be expected to serve as selected for this position will be Tech University School of Medicine, director of the graduate student expected to provide leadership and Department of Physiology. Texas Tech course and co-director of the medical oversight for ARBL programs. The University School of Medicine invites student course and assume the admin- ARBL Director must have a strong applicants for the position of Professor istrative functions associated with record of publication and extramural and Chairperson of The Department of those roles. We are particularly inter- funding, and an active research pro- Physiology. The School of Medicine, ested in an individual who has experi- gram in reproductive biology that which is primarily based in Lubbock ence in the development of web-based complements or enhances existing Texas, has many outstanding profes- teaching material. For more informa- programs. The Director is expected to sional and academic opportunities tion on the Department, please visit participate in the teaching program. A along with a growing research focus our web site at http://www.drexel. major responsibility will be to focus and is committed to expanding its edu/med/pharmacology_physiology/, future directions of ARBL via recruit- research funding and infrastructure. and for further information on the ment of new faculty, fostering innova- The Department of Physiology is well medical school curriculum, please visit tive educational activities, and equipped and has state-of-the-art http://webcampus.med.drexel.edu/ifm/ enhancing research collaborations imaging facilities. Chair candidates . Applicants should submit a curricu- within the Department, across the must possess a PhD and/or MD lum vitae, a statement of teaching University and with other institu- degree. The chair must be dedicated to experience and interests, and the tions. The Director of ARBL also will directing, promoting and developing names of three references to Ms. serve as a spokesperson for ARBL the research and teaching missions of Carmen Cruz-Adames, Department of within and external to the University, the department. Preferred candidates Pharmacology & Physiology MS #488, and will oversee management of all will have a current senior level rank in Drexel University College of Medicine, experimental large animals at the an accredited medical school with 245 N. 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA Foothills Campus of the College of qualifications for appointment as a 19102. Review of applications will Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical full professor. In addition, national begin July 1, 2004, and continue until Sciences. Applicants must have a PhD, and preferably international recogni- the position is filled. DVM, MD, or equivalent degree. The tion in the field of Physiology is impor- successful candidate will be eligible to tant. Knowledge and understanding of be considered for an endowed profes- the organizational complexities of Assistant/Associate Professor sorship. Some administrative experi- major academic institutions are high- Neuropharmacology/Neurophysio ence or evidence of administrative ly desirable. The chairperson must logy: The Department of Pharmaceu- capabilities is essential. The position possess excellent interpersonal skills tical Sciences at North Dakota State requires US citizenship or permanent and leadership qualities. Further University invites applications for a resident status. Additional informa- information concerning the Depart- tenure-track faculty position at the tion about ARBL and associated facul- ment of Physiology can be accessed at rank of Assistant/Associate Professor,

199 The Physiologist Positions Available Vol. 47, No. 3, 2004 with appointment beginning January based delivery and assessment of 1, 2005. Candidates must hold a doc- physiology curriculum, integration of APS toral degree in pharmacology, physiol- clinical medicine with physiology Sustaining ogy, or closely related field, have at basic science, and multiformat course least two years of postdoctoral experi- design. Physiology Department is in a Associate ence with a strong record of scholar- unique position to rapidly evaluate Members ship, and possess good interpersonal changes to its physiology curriculum skills and effective written and oral as well as dramatically influence The Society gratefully communication skills. Preference will international education in medical acknowledges the contributions be given to applicants with training physiology. Required is extensive received from Sustaining Members and research expertise in electrophys- knowledge of this program, excellent in support of the Societyhs iology or cellular imaging techniques. communicative and teaching skills goals and objectives The successful candidate will be and documented record of teaching expected to establish an externally effectiveness. Required Credentials Abbott Laboratories funded research program, teach and and Education: PhD in relevant field mentor graduate students, and partic- of study or MD/PhD, Previous teach- ipate in team-taught pharmacology ing position at a North American or ADInstruments courses offered to pharmacy students. United Kingdom medical school in the Additional information about the case of Associate and Full Professor Astra Arcus USA, Inc. Department and University can be levels. Ross University School of obtained at http://www.ndsu.edu/ Medicine, founded in 1978, has placed Axon Instruments, Inc. pharmsci/. Application deadline is more graduates into first year residen- August 31, or thereafter until the cy positions in 2002 than any other Berlex Biosciences position is filled. Submit curriculum school in the world, including U.S. vitae, statement of teaching philoso- medical schools. Ross University Gould, Inc. phy, description of research interests School of Veterinary Medicine, found- and future plans, and three letters of ed in 1982,has promoted more stu- The Gatorade Company reference to: Stephen O’Rourke, PhD, dents into clinical clerkships at affili- College of Pharmacy, North Dakota ated US Colleges of Veterinary The Grass Foundation State University, Fargo, ND 58105. Medicine than any other school in the world. The mission of the schools is to Harvard Apparatus prepare highly dedicated students to Faculty Appointment. Caribbean become effective, successful physi- location on the island of Dominica. cians/veterinarians in the United Janssen Research Foundation Medical Physiologists position within States. Together, Ross University the Department of Physiology are fac- School of Medicine and School of Eli Lilly and Company ulty appointments at a rank commen- Veterinary Medicine are a subsidiary surate with applicant experience. of DeVry, Inc., the second largest pri- The Mack Printing Group Applicants must have a doctorate vate university in the US Ross degree in physiology or medicine and University enrollment, registrar and Merck and Company, Inc. experience teaching physiology to financial aid services are located in medical students in American medical Edison, NJ. To apply, please visit our Nycomed, Inc. schools. Preference will be given to website http://www.rossmed.edu, those individuals with a strong track select Careers at Ross and complete Pfizer, Inc. record of teaching excellence, especial- our online application process. Ross ly in the area of endocrine physiology. University offers competitive annual Pharmacia and Upjohn, Inc. Successful candidates for these posi- salary potentially tax-free, relocation tions will be forming the foundation of assistance to and from the island, a group of medical physiologists dedi- deferred pension program, medical Procter & Gamble Co. cated to teaching medical students benefits, 25 days of paid annual leave and interested in developing and along with opportunities for profes- Rhone-Poulenc Rorer implementing creative teaching tech- sional development. [EOE] niques to improve medical student W. B. Saunders Company understanding and appreciation of physiology. Individuals are encour- Faculty Positions. University of Schering-Plough Res. Inst. aged to explore, design, and deliver Missouri-Columbia, Department of innovative medical physiology curric- Medical Pharmacology and Physiolo- G. D. Searle and Company ula. Excellent opportunities exist for gy. The Department of Medical medical education research including Pharmacology and Physiology, SmithKline Beecham Pharm. long-distance training, computer University of Missouri-Columbia in-

200 The Physiologist Positions Available Vol. 47, No. 3, 2004 vites applications for two tenured or tion of Merck’s success and the heart include the molecular, cellular, or tenure-track positions (Assistant to of our company’s overall strategy. We myocardial basis of cardiac arrhyth- Full Professor), particularly from are currently seeking a Staff mias; gap junction biology; ischemia investigators whose interests comple- Biologist/Research Biologist to join the and infarction; cardiac failure and ment existing areas of research Merck Research Laboratories (MRL) hypertrophy; myocardial propagation strength in cardiovascular function, team in West Point, PA. In this role, and repolarization; and electrocardio- diabetes, cellular signaling, and recep- you will be responsible for conducting graphy. For more information about tor or channel activity. The University in vivo electrophysiological and behav- CVRTI, please see our website at is noted for interdisciplinary research ioral studies in support of novel thera- http://www.cvrti.utah.edu/. The posi- programs, which will be enhanced by peutic approaches in pain research. tion will be open until a suitable can- the opening of the Life Sciences The successful candidate will have a didate is identified. Interested candi- Center September 2004. Position qual- BS or MS degree in biology, neurobiol- dates should send their curriculum ifications include a PhD in Pharma- ogy, veterinary medicine, or a related vitae to Dr. Kenneth W. Spitzer, Nora cology, Physiology, or a related field or field, experience with rodent surgical Eccles Harrison CVRTI, University of an MD, and postdoctoral experience. procedures, and in vivo electrophysio- Utah, 95 South 2000 East, Salt Lake Successful applicants will have or logical recording. The ability to work City, Utah 84112-5000 or electronical- develop an outstanding research pro- independently, but in a team-oriented ly to [email protected]. [EEO/AA] gram and contribute to Departmental drug discovery environment, is teaching activities. Involvement in required. You must also have the abil- campus-wide research initiatives rela- ity to independently organize and ana- tive to cardiovascular health and dia- lyze data and possess excellent oral betes, cancer, nutrition, gender physi- and written communication skills. ology and environmental adaptation, Experience with rodent behavioral radiopharmaceuticals, neuroscience, testing is desired. We offer a competi- exercise science, or proteomics is tive salary, an outstanding benefits desirable. Please send a curriculum package, a professional work environ- vitae, a narrative of research and edu- ment and opportunities for profession- Equipment Wanted cational interests, and the names and al growth. To apply, please visit contact information of three refer- http://www.merck.com/careers and ences to: Chair, MPP Search search for job number BIO000586, or PDP-12 Computer Wanted. I’m Committee, Department of Medical create a profile to be notified of future looking for a Digital Equipment Pharmacology and Physiolo-gy, opportunities. Visit us at http://www. Corporation PDP-12 lab computer, MA415 Medical Sciences, School of merck.com/careers. [EEO/M/F/D/V] working or nonworking, to purchase Medicine, University of Missouri- for a computer restoration project. Do Columbia, One Hospital Drive, you know of one that’s sitting some- Columbia, MO 65212; email (strongly Open Rank. Nora Eccles Harrison where idle and unused? If so, please preferred): [email protected] Cardiovascular Research and contact O. Sharp at [email protected] souri.edu. Active review of applica- Training Institute (CVRTI), and let me know more about the tions will begin August 9, 2004 and University of Utah seeks a qualified machine’s location and condition. I’ll the search will continue until the posi- candidate at the junior or intermedi- be happy to pay a fair price, and it’ll tions are filled. Visit the University of ate faculty level in cardiac electro- have a good home. Missouri-Columbia’s website at physiology. The applicant should have http://www.missouri.edu/. Please an advanced degree (PhD or MD), direct ADA accommodation requests postdoctoral training, and proven suc- to our coordinator at (573) 884-7278 cess in independent research in the (V/TTY). [AA/EEO] study of biophysical or molecular aspects of electrophysiology in the whole heart or myocardial tissue. Of Staff Biologist/Research Biologist: special interest is a person with Enhancing and preserving the quality expertise in one or more of the follow- of life. This is the commitment that ing experimental techniques: Merck & Co., Inc. stands by, and it is optical based monitoring; surface and what has distinguished us as the volume electrode measurements; in world’s leading research-driven health situ, isolated heart, or tissue prepara- products company. Consistently tions; and multicellular tissue culture. ranked by Fortune as one of the “100 Relevant secondary expertise would Best Companies to Work for in be in image and signal processing and America,” we discover, develop and the application of mathematical simu- manufacture a wide range of innova- lation to experimental results. tive products. Research is the founda- Examples of research areas of interest

201 Announcements

Current Concepts in Cancer Pain Management A Multidisciplinary Case-Based Symposium

October 14-15, 2004 Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Turner Bldg., Baltimore, MD

This two-day course is designed for physicians, nurses, pharmacists, social workers and health professionals who are interested in the management of cancer pain. The con- ference will focus on a multidisciplinary case-based approach to caring for patients with cancer pain. The topics include pain assessment, both pharmacological and non- pharmacological therapy and more advanced techniques in the treatment of cancer pain. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine takes responsibility for the content, quality and scientific integri- ty of this CME activity. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine desig- nates this educational activity for a maximum of 12.5 cate- gory 1 credits toward the AMA Physician’s Recognition Award. Each physician should claim only those credits that he/she actually spent in the activity. Fees: Physicians: $325 Residents, Fellows and Allied Health Professionals: $250

Contact: Conference Coordinator, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Office of Continuing Medical Education, Turner 20, 720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205-2195. Tel.: 410-955-2959; Fax: 410-955-0807. Email: [email protected]; Web: http://www.hopkinscme.net.

202 The Physiologist Announcements Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

International Course on Laboratory Animal Science Utrecht, The Netherlands

A two-week intensive course on lab- line with recommendations of the For more information and applica- oratory animal science will be organ- Federation of European Laboratory tion forms, please contact: Stephan ized at the Division of Laboratory Animal Science Associations van Meulebrouck, MA, Division of Animal Science, Utrecht, The (FELASA) regarding the training of Laboratory Animal Science, Faculty of Netherlands in June 2005. This course the young scientist whose research Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 80.166, is organized once a year since 1993. involves the use of vertebrate animals. 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. The objective of this course is to The course may also be of interest Tel.: 31-30-2532033; Fax: 31-30- present basic facts and principles that for those who intend to set up a simi- 2537997; Email: [email protected]; are essential for the humane use and lar course at their location. For this Internet: http://las.vet.uu.nl (click on care of animals and for the quality of purpose, during the course the acqui- Education and Training, International research. sition of teaching materials can be dis- Course.) The contents of the course are in cussed with the course committee.

European Respiratory Society: Monitoring of Airway Diseases Lausanne, Switzerland; October 15-17, 2004 Organizing Committee: tial interpreting data problems. For further details, please download Bruno Balbi (Gussago, Italy) Furthermore, they will learn the the brochure at http://www.ersnet.org. Elisabeth Bel (Leiden, the potential place of these techniques in Target audience Netherlands) monitoring airway diseases. The Whether you are a practicing pul- Ildikó Horváth (Budapest, Hungary) course is designed to form a bridge monologist, resident preparing for the between basic science and clinical pulmonology board, research fellow Program & Registration work. involved in research on airway inflam- Course description Topics mation/oxidative stress, or laboratory The aims are to provide a critical A comprehensive review of different technician performing lung function overview on different modes of moni- ways of monitoring airway diseases, test, methacholine challenge or toring airway diseases and associated evaluating airway inflammation/ exhaled breath tests, this course offers inflammation and oxidative stress in oxidative stress and the value of each an exceptional learning opportunity. research and clinical practice. The method when following patients with In the USA , EACCME Credits are course gives methodological advice asthma, COPD or other, less frequent automatically converted into with information on the current guide- airway disorders including CF, PCD American Medical Association (AMA) lines for each method. Course partici- and post-lung transplant bronchiolitis credits upon presentation of the cer- pants will learn the most important obliterans; clinical education and tificate of attendance including the steps in using these techniques and skills enhancement; identification of EACCME formula to the AMA. determine the most frequent pitfalls areas where further research is when using them together with poten- required before clinical use.

European Respiratory Society: Cystic Fibrosis Vienna, Austria, November 11-13, 2004 Organizing Committee to increase the number of healthcare New members of a CF team should Thomas Frischer (Vienna, Austria) workers with adequate knowledge and be able to be trained in a short period Andrew Bush (London, UK) interest in CF; in the most important aspects of CF Harm Tiddens (Rotterdam, The to promote collaboration between CF care. Netherlands) care givers throughout Europe. An initiative for a CF course was For further details, please download taken by CF care givers in Vienna and Program & Registration the Cystic Fibrosis brochure at by the CF group within the pediatric Course description http://www.ersnet.org. assembly. It was felt that both initia- The course has the following goals: Background tives could be merged into one. to give healthcare workers who are, CF is a complicated disease which In the USA , EACCME Credits are or will be, working in a CF team a management requires extensive automatically converted into head start in the modern care of CF expertise of a variety of healthcare American Medical Association (AMA) care; workers operating in a CF team. credits upon presentation of the cer- to provide evidence-based informa- The lung is the organ which prob- tificate of attendance including the tion on both paediatric and adult lems dominate morbidity, treatment EACCME formula to the AMA. aspects CF care; and prognosis.

203 The Physiologist Announcements Vol. 47, No. 4, 2004

September 2-5 September 30-October 3 Transporters 2004, Cambridge, United Kingdom. Colon Cancer in Murine Models and Humans, Bar Information: Tel.: +44 (0) 1382344276; Fax: +44 (0) Harbor, ME. Information: Judi Alexander, The Jackson 1382345507; Email: [email protected]; Internet: Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609-1500. http://www.dundee.ac.uk/lifesciences/transporter/home.htm. Tel.: 207-288-6326; Fax: 207-288-6080; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jax.org/courses/events/ September 4-8 coursedetails.do?id=38. European Respiratory Society Annual Congress, Glasgow, Scotland. Information: ERS Headquarters, 4, October 1-5 av. Sainte-Luce, CH-1003 Lausanne, Switzerland. Fax: 41 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 21 213 01 00. Internet: http://www.ersnet.org. 26th Annual Meeting,Washington State Convention & Trade Center, Seattle, WA. Information: ASBMR September 5-10 Business Office, 2025 M Street, NW, Suite 800, The 15th International Chromosome Conference, Washington, DC 20036-3309; Tel.: 202-367-1161; Fax: 202- London, England. Information: 15th International 367-2161; Internet: http://www.asbmr.org. Chromosome Conference Helpdesk. Tel.: ++44 (0) 1223 333438; Fax: ++44 (0) 1223 333438; Email: ICCXV@the-con- October 6-9 ference.com; Internet: http://www.the-conference.com/2004/ The Integrative Biology of Exercise, Austin, TX. iccxv or http://www.brunel.ac.uk/iccxv. Information: The American Physiological Society, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814. Phone: 301-634-7967; September 8-11 Fax: 301-634-7241; Email: [email protected]; Internet: Immunological and Pathophysiological Mechanisms http://www.the-aps.org/meetings/aps/. in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Snowmass Resort, CO. Information: The American Physiological Society, 9650 October 8-9 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20814. Phone: 301-634-7967; 5th Annual Conference on Case Study Teaching in Fax: 301-634-7241; Email: [email protected]; Internet: Science, Buffalo, NY. Information: Conference http://www.the-aps.org/meetings/aps/. Coordinator, Rebecca Firth, [email protected], (716) 645-2947 x268, or Nancy Schiller, Co-Director of the September 9-12 National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science, at Functional Genomics of Host-Pathogen Interactions, [email protected], 716-645-2947 x225. Internet: Cambridge, United Kingdom. Information: Internet: http://ublib.buffalo.edu/libraries/projects/cases/conference/c http://meetings.cshl.edu/2004/2004pathuk.htm. onference.html.

September 9-12, 2004 October 17-20 Grover Conference on the Pulmonary Circulation: European Society of Caridology Working Group Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Conference on acute Cardiac Care, Rome, Italy. Pulmonary Endothelial Cell Function.: Lost Valley Information: Meeting Secretariat: ESCWGACC2004 Ranch and Conference Center, Sedalia, CO. Information: Secretariat, PO Box 574, Jerusalem 91004, Israel. Tel: http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifi- ++972-2-6520574; Fax: ++972-2-6520-558; Email: semi- er=3020153; Email: [email protected]. [email protected]; Internet: http://www.isas.co.il/escwgacc 2004. September 19-21 15th International Symposium on Regulatory October 21-25 Peptides, Toulouse, France. Information: Email: reg- Cytokines in Cancer and Immunity—Joint [email protected]; Internet: http://ifr31w3.toulouse. Conference of ICS and ISICR, San Juan Puerto Rico. inserm.fr/regpep2004/. Information: Sherwood Reichard, International Cytokine Society. Fax: 706-228-4685; Email: [email protected]; September 25-29 Internet: http://www.cytokines2004.org. Placenta Association of the Americas 2004 Conference - Signaling & the Placenta, Asilomar, CA October 27-28 Information: Internet: http://www.paa2004.org. New Paradigms in Vascular Biology, St. Louis, MO. Information: Internet: http://www.asn-online.org/applica- September 26-30 tion/omniconference/public/oc_public_pge_search.aspx?typ Workshop on Techniques in Modeling Human Colon e=date. Cancer in Mice, Bar Harbor, ME. Information: Judi Alexander, The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609-1500. Tel.: 207-288-6326; Fax: 207-288- 6080; Email: [email protected]; Internet: http://www.jax.org/ courses/events/coursedetails.do?id=37.

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