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Šumarski List 9-10/2010 ŠUMARSKI LIST HRVATSKO ŠUMARSKO DRUŠTVO UDC 630* ISSN 0373–1332 CODEN SULIAB 9-10 GODINA CXXXIV Zagreb 2010 č Uredništvo ŠUMARSKOGA LISTA HR-10000 Zagreb Trg Mažuranića 11 Telefon/Fax: +385(1)48 28 477 e-mail: [email protected] WEB stranica / WEB site: www.sumari.hr/SL Šumarski list online: www.sumari.hr/sumlist Journal of forestry Online: www.sumari.hr/sumlist/en Digitalizirana arhiva / digitalized archive: www.sumari.hr/sumlist/arhiva Nas lov na stra ni ca – Front pa ge: Prvi jesenji mraz i požutjelo lišće u šumi, najavljuju skori početak zimskog razdoblja The first autumn frost and yellowing leaves in the forest annouce the imminent arrival of winter (Fo to – Pho to: Željko Stipeć) Na kla da 1780 pri mje ra ka RI JEČ GLAV NO GA URED NI KA UZ NOVI ZAKON O ŠUMAMA Kao što znamo, priprema se novi Zakon o šumama, a jedna od glavnijih odredbi Zakona trebala bi odrediti korištenje i stvarnu površinu šuma i šumskog zemljišta. Prema čanku 1. stavci 1. važećeg Zakona o šumama, šume i šumska zemljišta dobra su od interesa za Republiku Hrvatsku te imaju njezi- nu osobitu zaštitu. Kao specifično prirodno bogatstvo, prema članku 3. stavci.1., s općekorisnim funkci- jama uvjetuju poseban način upravljanja i gospodarenja, a u stavci 3. u 15 točaka naznačene su općeko- risne funkcije šume (na žalost mnogi zaboravljaju da uz klasično gospodarsku djelatnost, šumarska stru- ka ponajprije osigurava obavljanje upravo tih funkcije šume). Očekujemo da novi Zakon u spomenutim člancima neće ništa mijenjati. Članak 4. Zakona pak govori o tome, što se smatra šumom i šumskim zemljištem i u spornim slučajevima nadležnim za arbitražu određuje resorno Ministarstvo. Pitanje je da li su se svi u skladu s navedenim člancima uvijek odnosili prema šumi i šumskom zemljištu? Hrvatsko šumarsko društvo je u više navrata raspravljalo o tome i izražavalo nadležnima nezadovolj- stvo nekim rješenjima u zakonskim i podzakonskim aktima, o čemu je i u svome izvješću na 114. izbor- noj skupštini HŠD-a za čeverogodišnje razdoblje, govorio predsjednik HŠD-a mr. sc. Petar Jurjević. Posebno je iskazao nezadovoljstvo odredbom Zakona o šumama da se za podizanje višegodišnjih nasa- da uz neobraslo šumsko zemljište “koristi i makija, a moramo znati i ponavljati: makija je šuma”. Također je naveo, kako se upravo na tim područjima gdje je i najveća potražnja za šumskim zemljištima, nalazi na stotine tisuća hektara neobraslog zapuštenog poljoprivrednog zemljišta, na kojemu usput reče- no, nastaje preko 50 % šumskih požara. Posebno je označio samo simboličnim a nerealnim visine sada- šnjih naknada za šume i šumska zemljišta, čiji iznosi ni približno ne osiguravaju podizanje novih šuma u istoj površini, a da nisu u skladu s vrijednošću dobra od interesa za Republiku Hrvatsku, navedenih u članku 1. Zakona o šumama, nije potrebno ni govoriti. Kao što je i u spomenutom Izvješću navedeno, svjesni smo činjenice “da su u proteklom razdoblju zbog raznih okolnosti, u površine državnih šuma i šumskih zemljišta, ušla i bivša napuštena poljoprivredna zemljišta, danas sukcesijom obrasla šumom”. Upravo netočna definiranost površina šuma i šumskih zemljišta, uzrokom je mnogobrojnih sporova i razmimoilaženja između šumarske struke i nekih drugih struka, ponajprije poljoprivredne. Očekujemo da će odredbe novog Zakona o šumama, ali i Zakona o poljoprivrednom zemljištu, novom kategorizacijom, šume i šumska zemljišta pravilno definirati, a onda se prema njima odnositi sukladno s člankom 1. važećeg Zakona o šumama, za kojega očekujemo da se neće mijenjati. Tako ćemo izbjeći pri- mjerice slučajeve da podižemo kulture, maslinike i vinograde na apsolutno šumskim tlima, samo zato što je definiran vlasnik, ili pak prestati tjerati iz državnih šuma divljač, kao neprijeporno sastavni dio šumske faune, da bi u šumi mogla pasti i brstiti privatna domaća stoka (primjer s naših otoka). Isto tako očekuje- mo, da će sve one površine koje se danas vode kao poljoprivredne, a nepogodne su za poljoprivrednu proizvodnju (prema podacima oko 800 000 ha), biti iskorištene za podizanje šumskih kultura i plantaža s pionirskim i brzorastućim vrstama drveća, s mogućnošću korištenja u bionergetske i druge svrhe. Prof. em. dr. sc. Branimir Prpić A WORD FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF THE NEW FOREST LAW As we all know, preparations are under way to introduce the new Forest Law. The new Law will con- tain an important regulation which defines the use of forests and the actual size of forest and forestland area. According to Article 1, paragraph 1 of the valid Forest Law, forests and forestland are goods of in- terest to the Republic of Croatia and enjoy its particular protection. The specific nature of this natural wealth and its functions of general benefit, according to Article 3, paragraph 1, require special manage- ment methods. In paragraph 3 of the same article, non-market forest functions are listed in 15 points (re- grettably, many forget that, in addition to classical forest management, the first and foremost task of the forestry profession is to ensure undisturbed provision of non-material forest functions). We expect that no changes will be made in the new law in this respect. The concept of forests and forestland is discussed in Article 4 of the Law, which also states that the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry is competent for all arbitration cases. However, we must wonder whether forests and forestland have always been treated in accordance with the above articles. The Croatian Forestry Association has on several occasions discussed the issue and expressed dissa- tisfaction with some solutions in legal and by-legal acts. Petar Jurjević, MSc, President of the CFA, re- ported on this issue at the 114th electoral assembly of the CFA for a four-year period. He was particularly dissatisfied with the regulation of the Forest Law which states that “to establish perennial cultures next to unproductive forest land it is allowed to use maquis, while we should know and constantly stress that maquis is a forest”. He also mentioned the following interesting fact: in those areas in which the demand for forestland is the highest there are hundreds of thousands of hectares of uncultivated, abandoned agri- cultural land. Incidentally, this is where over 50% of forest fires occur. He particularly criticized the fact that the current compensation for forests and forestland is only symbolic and unrealistic, since its amount in no way suffices to establish new forests in the same area. Needles to say, the amount of compensation is widely disproportionate to the value of goods of interest to the Republic of Croatia, as stated in Article 1 of the Forest Law. As mentioned in the Report, we are aware of the fact that “in the past period, due to di- verse circumstances, state forests and forestland area also incorporated former abandoned agricultural land which is currently covered with forests resulting from succession.” It is the inaccurate definition of forests and forestland that causes numerous conflicts and discord between the forestry sector and some other sectors, in the first place agriculture. We expect that the new categorization regulated by the future Forest Law, as well as the Law on Agri- cultural Lend will accurately define forests and forestland and that it will treat them in accordance with Article 1 of the valid Forest Law. We hope that the new Law will prohibit cases in which cultures, olive groves and vineyards are established on strictly forest soils simply because the owner is defined, or in which wild game, an indelible part of the forest fauna, is driven away from forests to make way for dome- stic cattle and their grazing and browsing needs (examples from Croatian islands). We also expect that all areas which are currently listed as agricultural areas but are unsuitable for agriculture (about 800.00 ha), will be used for forest cultures and plantations with pioneer and fast-growing tree species, which can be used for bio energy and other purposes. Professor Emeritus Branimir Prpić, Ph.D. UDK 630* (05):»54-02«/061.2 ISSN 0373-1332 CO DEN SUL IAB ŠUMARSKI LIST Znan stve no-stručno i sta leško gla si lo Hr vat sko ga šum ars kog društva Jou r nal of the Fo res try So cie ty of Cro a tia – Ze it schrift des Kroa ti schen For stve re ins Re vue de la So cié té fo res ti èrecro a te Uređivački sav jet – Editorial Council: 1. Izv. prof. dr. sc. Igor Anić 15. Čedomir Križmanić, di pl. ing. 2. Tibor Balint, di pl. ing. 16. Marina Mamić, dipl. ing. 3. Stje pan Blažičević, di pl. ing. 17. Izv. prof. dr. sc. Josip Margaletić 4. Mario Bošnjak, di pl. ing. 18. Darko Mikičić, di pl. ing. 5. Davor Bralić, di pl. ing. 19. Marijan Miškić, di pl. ing. 6. Mr. sp. Mandica Dasović 20. Damir Miškulin, di pl. ing. 7. Mr. sc. Josip Dundović 21. Aka de mik Slav ko Ma tić 8. Mr. sc. Zoran Đurđević 22. Vlat ko Pe tro vić, di pl. ing. 9. Prof. dr. sc. Milan Glavaš 23. Dra go mir Pfe i fer, di pl. ing. 10. Prof. dr. sc. Ivi ca Gr bac 24. Darko Posarić, di pl. ing. 11. Tijana Grgurić, di pl. ing. 25. Prof. dr. sc. Bra ni mir Pr pić 12. Du brav ko Ho dak, di pl. ing. 26. Izv. prof. dr. sc. Ivica Tikvić 13. Benjamino Horvat, di pl. ing. 27. Oli ver Vla i nić, di pl. ing. 14. Mr. sc. Petar Jurjević, 28. Zdravko Vu ke lić, di pl. ing. pred sjed nik – president 29. Dr. sc. Dijana Vuletić Urednički odbor po znastveno-stručnim područjima Editorial Board by scientific-professional fields 1.Šumski ekosustavi – Forest Ecosystems Dr. sc. Stevo Orlić, šumske kulture – Forest Cultures Prof.
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