Tuesday, February 24, 1981 Volume 27, Number 23

Affirmative Action: Provost's Search: Call for Nominations First The Consultative Committee on the Selection of a Provost requests that nominations or Substance for the with documents, be sent by March 10, applications position, supporting Tuesday. At the end of Wednesday's meeting with to Professor Irving B. Kravis, in care of the Office of the Secretary, 121 College Hall/CO. some 30 faculty, staff and student members of Members of the community also are encouraged to make formal or informal University the University interested in affirmative action, to other members of the committee. Members include: suggestions President Sheldon Hackney announced that will with Irving B. Kravis, University Professor of Economics, chairman the University proceed the imple- mentation of its affirmative action March Jacob M. Abel, associate professor and chairman of mechanical engineering plan Diana L. Bucolo, FAS' 83 2, without waiting for final sign-off on data the of Federal Contract Dr. Peter A. Cassileth, professor of hematology-oncology displays by Office Helen C. Davies, associate professor of microbiology Compliance Programs. 2, Dr. on Irwin Friend, Edward J. Hopkinson Professor of Finance and Economics On page Hackney reports that and its for decision-mak- Henry B. Hansmann, assistant professor of law meeting implications Robert F. Lucid, professor and chairman of English ing styles. 'The sense of the was that we Larry Masuoka, Dental '83 meeting should not lose time in the substantive areas George Rochberg, Annenberg Professor of Humanities and Composer in Residence while for technical data to be Rosemary A. Stevens, professor and chairman of history and sociology of science waiting grouped to final satisfaction," Davida Samuel Sylvester, associate professor of social work everyone's Ramey of the president's staff said afterward. Ann of the serves as to the Consultative Mary Meyers, Secretary University, secretary Among items she called substantive were Committee. improved recruiting, training (of affirmative As chief academic officer of the the is for educational University, provost responsible action officers as well as of promotable staff) research, the and other academic ser- programs, faculty appointments, library support and monitoring systems. "We start with good vices, and student life. In the absence of the the serves as president, provost acting presi- policies, and we have basically acceptable dent. Candidates should have a record of or distinguished scholarship scholarly profes- goals. What we have to move on is something sional achievement; academic administrative is experience preferred. in the middle: good administrative implemen- The to the committee President Sheldon that the charge given by Hackney suggests tation so that the policies are put into action." search focus upon internal candidates without precluding consideration of unusually quali- fied external candidates.

Penn Nobelists: Seminar in Exile

Penn's Nobel laureates Baruch Blumberg Following Dr. Azbel's emigration Dr. and Lawrence Klein will be the principal Viktor Brailovsky, a computer scientist, be- speakers at the "Moscow Scientific Seminar came the leader. in Exile" to be held at the center city home of Since Brailovsky's arrest in November, Physics Professor Sidney Bludman on March "Seminars in Exile" have been held in many 8 from 3 to 4:30 p.m. Scientists from Penn, cities (including Ithaca, New Haven, Wash- Temple, Drexel and other area schools will ington, D.C.; and Pittsburgh) under the co- join to protest the suppression of the Moscow ordination of the New York-based Committee Seminar on Collective Phenomena and the ar- of Concerned Scientists. rest of its leader, Viktor Brailovsky. They will At the local one, Dr. Blumberg, professor hear of recent developments in Brailovsky's of Medicine and anthropology, will speak on case from his brother, Mikhail Brailovsky, "Hepatitus B Virus and the Prevention of who is currently traveling throughout the Cancer of the Liver". Dr. Klein, Benjamin United States on Viktor's behalf. Franklin Professor of Economics, will speak The March 8 seminar is modeled on those on "Soviet Economic Prospects". Soviet scientists who, on applying to emi- The Philadelphia seminar was organized by grate, were dismissed from their positions and Dr. Bludman, Dr. Herbert Callen and Dr. Ger- denied access to libraries, lectures, and other ald Porter of Penn; Temple Professor Jacob scientific activities. For many years the Zabara; and Drexel Professor Bernard "refuseniks" met for scientific discussion in Kolman. Dr. Bludman's address is 2027 the Moscow flat of Dr. Mark Azbel, now ad- Waverly St. Interested scientists may RSVP to at junct professor of physics Penn. Ext. 8151 or 732-9393.Dr. Klein Dr. Blumberg

FROM THE PRESIDENT Water Conservation Policy

On February 12, 1981, Mayor William J. Green announced a city-wide mandatory water conversa- Affirmative Action and Collegiality tion program which includes penalties for failure to comply. The executive order calls for a ban on In my third week on campus, much happened of interest to you but I want to focus on the events nonessential usage which will not cause a hardship having to do with our affirmative action program because I think we can observe in them some to the general public or business community. general lessons for the University. The water shortage had by then caused the salt In 1976 our affirmative action plan was approved by the U.S. Office of Civil Rights (HEW), the line to move up the Delaware River to the Walt Whitman it is 25 miles from first plan approved in our region. In 1978 the federal government transferred jurisdiction from Bridge. Normally away the bridge. Estimates indicate that the needs HEW to the Department of Labor's Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs. For two region 20 inches of rainfall June I to alleviate the years we have been involved in with OFCCP over the initial by extremely complex negotiations ap- drought, and that amount is in excess of normal of what is to be an revised The issues at stake thus far are tech- pre- proval supposed annually plan. cipitation. nical, to do with the the data are and and not substantive, having way arranged displayed, having In anticipation of the Mayor's announcement, to do with our in and performance keeping advancing women and minority faculty and staff.) Operational Services in late January began a water Apparently administrators two years ago, assuming that the HEW experience would be repeated conservation program for the University. The fol- and that our OFCCP plan would be approved in a matter of weeks, decided for what seemed to be lowing measures have been and will continue to be sound reasons to keep the details of the submitted plan confidential from the campus press. They implemented: Restricting orifices are being installed in all shower did not anticipate that the University, together with the bulk of other universities, would have heads in athletic and residential buildings. Physical a and two later. As the months Plant has an of that these unapproved plans year years wore on, however, ever greater con- ongoing program checking troversy swirled around that fact of confidentiality. When the administration then made the restrictors are in place. plan 2. All flushometers are to the lowest set- itself last the shifted to the still-confidential status of the being adjusted public spring, controversy ongoing ting, from five gallons per flush to three. 3. OFCCP negotiations over the plan. At the beginning of the air-conditioning season, a log is to be of The problem at root was a lack of trust within the campus community on this issue, and perhaps maintained all cooling towers, citing date of filling and monthly readings of water meters serving on other matters as well. An academic community cannot function very well without a reasonable these towers. level of mutual respect among its members and a willingness to put the institution's general inter- 4. Irrigation systems will be locked until further notice. ests ahead of the interests of a particular group or unit within the institution, or at least to do so on We are also starting a campus-wide education important occasions. Differences of opinion can and will occur, but they can be expressed, even campaign. Anyone who has suggestions for water- should in touch with Manko at Ext. passionately argued, within the bounds of collegiality while recognizing each other's integrity. saving get Lynn When I arrived it seemed to me that on both sides some of that had been lost on the issue 7203. spirit of - affirmative action. Arthur Hirsch, Acting Vice President Operational Services It has been reported elsewhere what our response was to this situation. Basically, it was two- fold. First, to confront a communal concern communally, by reasoned factual examination and House Master: Health & discussion together. Second, to shift focus away from what doesn't matter all that much-the Society technicalities offormat raised by OFCCP, and toward what does matter-steps implementing sub- The Mastership of Ware College House will be stantive affirmative action without waiting further for OFCCP to agree in every detail on the tech- available on or about August I, 1981. nical questions still at issue. Located in a renovated portion of the Quad, Ware House is a residential around the Even on contentious issues, it should be possible to find the core of values shared by almost all program organized theme of health and society. Bringing together stu- ofus in the University, to identify the University's long-term interests, and to agree upon a way of dents and faculty from a variety of disciplines. Ware putting those values to work to achieve I that we can, continue University goals. hope together, House provides an opportunity for intellectual ex- this We do not need that divide us, we need decisions and actions that unite approach. wrangles change in an informal, residential setting. Tenured us. These lessons from the week past apply as well to many other matters that will be facing us this faculty members are cordially invited to address in- spring, and I will be reporting on those subjects when they are ripe for report-subjects such as quiries to Dr. Peter Conn, chairman of the search how we should as a community decide budget matters, how we should handle government and committee (Ext. 7349). other external relations, how we should set our academic priorities. In each of these areas, I be- lieve our problems lie mainly in the nature of how decisions get made rather than in the substance Around Academia ofthe decisions. There well be matters on which no consensus is but even on those 1 may possible, The Almanac Advisory Board has recommended would like to find for of view to a fair ways every point get hearing. the revival of a column which rounds up national No one can command into existence the qualities that make our life together tolerable, even and regional news briefs on trends and issues in - enjoyable mutual respect, tolerance of another's view, rational debate, civility. We should, higher education, especially on topics that relate to however, be able over time to create an atmosphere in which quarrelsome issues can be faced our University's concerns. Dolores Solberg, a GSE doctoral without taxing the fund ofmutual respect and trust that we must have to succeed as a great Univer- student and educational public affairs con- sultant, will sity. be pleased to hear from faculty and staff who wish to identify issues for monitoring in Around Academia. Address her do Almanac, 3533 Locust WaIk/CQ.

Code of Academic Integrity On November 12, 1980, the University Council approved a revision of the University of Penn- sylvania's Code of Academic Integrity. The administration of the University then accepted the re- vised version. The mechanisms for considering cases according to the old Code were allowed to lapse. Recently questions have been raised concerning the procedures used in adopting the revision. In particular, should not the several faculties have been formally consulted? At the present time we have no option but to proceed according to the revised Code as published in Almanac December 2, 1980. This Code will be in force until a new revision has been issued. Because questions have been raised regarding matters of substance appearing in the revised Code, deans have now been asked to bring the document before each faculty for discussion and to transmit to me by April 10. 1981, any comments and recommendations for change that the faculties wish to make. The question of further revision of the Code will then be considered by the appropriate bodies at the University level as expeditiously as is possible. - Richard C. Clelland. Acting Associate Provost

COUNCIL

In publishing the 1979-80 Council and University committee reports on November 4, 1980, Almanac delayed printing the following report at the request of the Office ofthe Secretary. It has now been released for publication along with a dissenting opinion.

Year End Report: University Committee on Recreation and Intercollegiate Athletics, 1979-1980

This committee is large and diverse; it has representatives from the of the 1979-1980 committee deplores the extension of special admis- faculty, undergraduate students, graduate students, administration, sions to the new programs for women; to extend a dubious policy in the staff, alumni and trustees. During the year the trustee component disas- name of parity for women is academically despicable even if legally sociated itself from this committee and became a part of the trustee necessary. Perhaps the way around this would be to eliminate all special committee on student life. admissions except in the so-called "spectator" sports [currently, foot- To facilitate our work four subcommittees were appointed: Facilities ball and basketball].) (chaired by Hunter Lou); Recreation and Intramurals (Prof. Barbara -Thomas H. Wood, Chairman, 1979-1980 Jacobsen); Club Sports to Varsity Transition (Prof. Leena Mela); and Long Range Planning on Intercollegiate Sports (Prof. 1. H. Wood). During the year Mr. Lott and others were able to obtain all but $50,000 of $325,000 needed for renovation of the Boathouse-in par- Dissent to the Report ticular, additions to accommodate women rowers. Several meetings of the Facilities Committee with in and The undersigned, who were members of the University Committee jointly persons planning develop- on Recreation and Athletics in 1979-80, wish to disasso- ment were devoted to overall needs and the priority listing of new and Intercollegiate modified facilities. Possible use of land at the site of the old Philadel- ciate ourselves in part from the report ofthe chair, and to emphasize for the General could with some of our campus that the text is the chair's report only, not representing in all phia Hospital provide significant help cases the or needs. A fieldhouse is needed, but detailed will thought, even the agenda, of the committee. The 1980-81 University planning on have to await identification of donors. Committee Recreation and Intercollegiate Athletics agreed to re- possible of Recreational intramural are used, inex- quest Professor Wood that he delete two passages from the commit- programs widely relatively tee Since and function well. This subcommittee recom- report. Professor Wood refused to make these deletions, we pensive, unanimously raise the the mends the construction of a fieldhouse which would be used for following caveats for reader: pro- I. It is a view of the chairman's that ". . . Penn athletes are grams such as indoor track, tennis, etc. personal dancing, weightlifting, believed some to be even Although the use of work-study students in various of the recrea- by 'complete jocks' though they may parts have been admitted because of their academic abilities." This tional and intramural program is satisfactory, additional professional staff is needed to better to conclusion was not tested nor endorsed by the committee as such. give continuity many programs. We do not with the statement, and most The third subcommittee criteria which a club should agree emphatically de- developed sport the use of a term to describe satisfy before being promoted to varsity status. A club sport should be plore perjorative specially-admitted active with a schedule for at least three at least athletes. The assertion is not based on any sampling of opinion or competitive years; belief our institutions that we know of, and should be enough students (undergraduate) to constitute two full teams should be among peer active in the club; at least five other schools should have var- received with skepticism if at all. Ivy Group 2. While he identifies his final, comments as a sity teams in that the to status must parenthetical per- particular sport; promotion varsity sonal note, the chairman's inclusion of the is be approved by the Council of Sports Captains, the Director of DRIA, topic misleading: the Council Committee and the administration; and a special admission for women was never on the committee's University proba- The introduction of the would to serve no tionary period of two years must pass before varsity status is considered agenda. topic appear purpose to enable the chair to denounce women's search permanent. These points were approved by the overall Committee. except Little was done on for Director for equity as "despicable" without ever having placed it on the longer ranged planning [DRIA of the Charles] Harris wished to receive the of the committee that had agenda committee to determine whether the group as a report whole would been to alumni interests in the athletic agree. appointed represent programs. In addition to That was finished this summer and the council committee publishing this dissent, we ask the Steering Committee of report just Council to consider the codification of will now be able to Mr. Harris in this area. annual reporting mechanisms for help important Council and committees. At the annual One entire of the committee of others) dealt with University present, reports pre- meeting (and parts and submitted chairs are admissions athletes. The current reserves pared by uniformly labeled as committee re- policy concerning policy ap- Under normal conditions of chairs often circulate 100 admissions" for athletes identified ports. collegiality, proximately "special by their to the full committee, and either confine themselves to ob- coaches as other athletes must come in reports outstanding; through "regular or state both sides when views Such chairs are admissions" (diversity or academic) in which "points" are awarded for jective reporting diverge. their athletic abilities, but their academic abilities are not considered to be commended for assuming the onerous task of writing a balanced Our admission are and known to final report in addition to chairing committees all year. However, when marginal. policies completely open the views of the chair are introduced in a labeled as the other administrators and athletes; Penn athletes personal report Ivy Group consequently committee's, then not is the of the committee are believed by some to be "complete jocks" even though they might only weight symbolically have been admitted because of their academic abilities. The committee added to the weight of a private view, but the reputations of committee members suffer as well. We the creation of was sympathetic to this problem but in particular the faculty component may urge safeguards. seemed unwilling to remove the designation of "special admission" -Helen C. Davies from the specially admitted athlete. (As a personal note, the chairman Allison Accurso

This week as part of Black History Month, the University is host to a roundtable discussion by scholars from the U.S. and Africa on the topic discussed below by Dr. Sandra T. Barnes, associate professor of anthropology and member of the organizing committee. The text is edited from two background papers prepared for the roundtable.

The African Diaspora and Return

"Diaspora" is a term that indicates the dispersal of people from their Australia. They were so numerous in England that Queen Elizabeth I homeland. In a diaspora people retain some aspect of their identity, be wanted to restrict their immigration. Approximately 125,000 had al- it cultural, linguistic, or religious, as the well known cases of the Jew- ready been imported into South America, and so large a community of ish, Chinese, or Hausa diaspora have shown. Despite their dispersal, Africans settled in the western provinces of India that several had risen they do not necessarily lose contact among themselves or their compa- to political and military power. For that matter Africans had already triots in the homeplace. Indeed, diaspora indicates that at some level seized, held and lost a great empire in Europe: North African Moors continuity, communication, or movement persists within that group of ruled most of Spain and Portugal from the 8th to the 13th centuries A.D. people. It is important, then, to consider a diaspora, not as a process Africans who moved into the outside world as conquerors, however, leading to dissolution, but as a vital force in itself. A diaspora is a dy- were rare. Mainly, Black Africans went overseas as slaves, whether to namic migratory phenomenon that contributes to the social and cultural East, West or North. They were carried away by Europeans or Arabs, life of the receiving societies wherever they are. By the same token, it who like the Africans themselves had a long tradition of domestic slav- makes return contributions to the original sending societies wherever ery, but in whose hands this institution was turned to devastating ends. they are. In the former case, the diaspora takes something to a new so- The consequences of the new slave trade are usually viewed in hu- cial situation, and in the latter it returns something it has gained during man terms, and properly so. For every African who reached a distant the diaspora experience. continent alive, another may have died, during either the warfare stimu- On both sides ofa diaspora, the participants are a minority: they are lated by the slave trade, the forced marches from the interior to the ports identified as incoming migrants or they are returnees. Therefore in the for sale to slave merchants, or the voyage on a Portuguese bark or "African Diaspora and Return" discussions we are turning the usual dhow. Philip Curtin estimates that 15.2 percent of all those transhipped approach around and asking not how migration has affected a minority, in the Atlantic slave trade died en route.2 The figure could scarcely but how a minority has affected the social, linguistic, aesthetic, and sci- have been lower for the Indian Ocean trade, given eyewitness accounts entific features of a majority. of desperate, starving Africans layered between planks on the small Despite oceans on three sides and a sea of sand forming an equally boats. It further appears that a minimum 20 percent loss by death was impressive barrier to the north, the establishment of African peoples on experienced among those who were forcibly marched to the coast from other continents is more pervasive-and of greater antiquity-than is the East African interior. generally understood. As the Liberian intellectual Edward H. Blyden The consequences of the slave trade went beyond human suffering, wrote in 1880: however. Depopulation meant that a few areas lost irrecoverable num- The Negro is found in all parts of the world. He has gone across Arabia, bers of people. The chaos caused by slave-raiding brought related eco- Persia, and India to China. He has crossed the Atlantic to the Western nomic problems. The welfare of African crafts was adversely affected and here he has labored in the new and in the old settlements Hemisphere, through the importation of often useless European goods by slave mer- of America; in the Eastern, Western, Northern and Southern states; in chants. the slave trade undercut local Mexico, Venezuela, the West Indies and Brazil. Finally, political organization. could no their and lost There were Africans in ancient Greece as there were Greek Kings longer protect subjects power. King just early Affonso, who saw it all was one of them; the of sailors on the East African coast. Residents of the western coming, Kingdom hemisphere which flourished for 200 was when he are to learn of self-contained Black communities which still Kongo, years, already crumbling surprised died in I543. exist in Turkey and India. Similarly, it may surprise the reader to learn that in But it is not on the negative side of the diaspora that we wish to there were Africans China by 400 AD.; that the first Africans to is reach Ireland arrived in 862 that Africans dwell, for the movement of peoples a basis for creativity. Asian probably A.D.; constituted for since the the "ethnic bloc" in both North and Arks and Africans, example, have mingled Christian era largest South America until the on both continents, while African communities in Persia and Persian late 18th or that an became a Russian nobleman in century; Ethiopian communities in Africa date from the 7th or 8th centuries AD. So inten- the 18th and, a of Alexander century posthumously, great-grandfather sive was the contact between the East African coast and the Middle East Pushkin, Russia's foremost poet. that a new language was generated: Swahili. Moreover, so intensive By 1600 Africa's descendants were present on every continent but was the contact that a new religion, Islam, was introduced to Africans and with it a system of writing, new architecture that combined Saharan I. Paul Edwards and James Walvin, "Africans in Britain, 1500-1800," in The technology with Near Eastern style, and, above all, institutions of African Diaspora, Martin Kilson and Robert Rotberg (eds). Cambridge: Har- higher learning that rivaled those of Medieval Europe. vard University Press, 1976; Philip Curtin, The Atlantic Slave Trade: A Cen- As this example makes clear, the Africans diaspora must be seen in sus. 1969; The Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, Joseph E. Harris, all of its dimensions: the movement of peoples away from their home- African Presence in Asia. Evanston: Northwestern University Press. 1971; Graham Irwin, Africans Abroad. New York: Columbia University Press, 1977; Frank M. Snowden Jr.. Blacks in Aniquity Cambridge: Belknap 2. Curtin, op cit. Press. 1970. 3. Basil Davidson, The African Past. : Atlantic-Little Brown, 1964.

PERSPECTIVES

land as well as their return. The founding of Freetown, Sierra Leone, Pan-Africanist movement was founded in 1900. At Manchester, Eng- illustrates this complexity since four continents play a role. Initially as land in 1945, expatriate African intellectuals met to formulate plans for slaves the founders were wrenched from villages near the Bight of the independence movements of their peoples. The foreign students of Benin or regions of the Congo (Zaire) River, shipped to the West the 'thirties and 'forties-men like Kwame Nkrumah, Leopold Indies, relocated in the United States, evacuated to Nova Scotia, and Senghor, Jomo Kenyatta, and Nnamdi Azikiwe-became in the 'fifties returned to Africa thanks to abolitionist forces in England that estab- and 'sixties the presidents of free African nations. lished a Province of Freedom" for the repatriation of slaves in Sierra The consequences of the movement of African peoples and their de- Leone. scendants are among the least proclaimed and least analyzed of such The hardships involved in establishing Freetown are legend, but sur- historical processes. The illustrations used here are the results ofa rela- vival was the key. From a desolate settlement, Freetown became a cen- tively recent and small number of explorations into the subject. There- ter of freedom and, additionally, of learning: Fourah Bay College, es- fore we have brought together scholars to guide us in planning an on- tablished there in 1827, immediately began to train teachers and going series of conferences to explore "The African Diaspora and administrative officers for much of West Africa. One of its first and Return" with the eventual goal ofdisseminating, in published form, the most illustrious graduates was a Nigerian. Samuel Crowther, who re- results of this scholarly endeavor. turned to the country from which he had been taken in a slave raid, and eventually became the Church of England's Bishop for Nigeria. The cosmopolitan background of the new settlers is best reflected An Exchange with Nigeria Krio, through Creole or the language which they created, and which Penn has set up its first formal link to a black African university. forms a guide to their history. Its structure and most of its vocabulary in Monday President F. Sheldon Hackney of Penn and Dean T. M. recent times most nearly resemble English. In the remote past, Portu- Kolawole and Professor D. T. Okpako of the University of Ibadan guese seemed most nearly akin, while words from Spanish and from (Nigeria) signed an exchange agreement during the two-day conference on "The African and Return." African languages-especially Yoruba-were also incorporated. These Diaspora Their object: to facilitate cul- facets mirror the the African base, to tural and academic exchanges by providing research opportunities, inter- past: original Portuguese transport the and student and the New World, under or rule, and the infusion nationalizing faculty body, promoting the sharing of slavery English Spanish information and personnel. of new African influences return. The of Krio is like upon language The Penn-lbadan link has its roots in a visit by Dr. Robert Rutman, a East Africa's Swahili; it captures the main themes ofthe diaspora and of professor of biochemistry in Penn's School of Veterinary Medicine, to external contacts. Ibadan in 1973-74. "It was clearto me that there were many areas where A cultural transformation was also inevitable for Africans with vast Penn and Ibadan could exchange scholarship on an equal basis," said understanding of life on other continents. Africans became Christians in Dr. Rutman. Dr. Rutman returned to Ibadan as an external examiner for that the western hemisphere and Muslims in the eastern one; they learned institu- tion's Ph.D. in 1978. After extensive discussions with Ibadan's different skills and trades, changed their diets and working habits, and program faculty and administration, he reported favorably to Penn's administra- adopted new ideas concerning the nature of government and law. The tion on the prospects for a formal exchange agreement. Although the original Sierra Leoneans of the Freetown colony were nearer culturally process of finalizing the agreement was slowed by the transition in to the than to the Sierra Leoneans of the interior. In essence, English Nigeria from a military to a civilian government, Dr. Rutman says both created a new culture. they schools are now ready to formalize their relationship, with the exchange The dispersal of African slaves is the stuffof history. It is difficult to of graduate students and lecturers possible within the next year or two. believe that a mass exodus of Africans could take place in the future "Penn's historical and current relationships with Africa have con- which would in any way resemble the enormous migrations ofthe 16th, verged in this agreement," Dr. Rutman said, pointing out that many Penn 17th and 18th centuries. Migration itself continues, however, and it is faculty members have research interests on that continent and that worth to one of the most movements Afri- several African leaders, including Nigeria's founding president Nnamdi pointing significant among Azikiwe, earned can This is the small outward that is degrees at Penn. peoples today. migration taking The of Ibadan is located in the of Ibadan in Western for the of education. The number of African universities University city place purpose Nigeria. It was established as a British Commonwealth in has times in the since so that university multiplied many years independence, 1948 and became independent in 1962. Regarded as the premier univer- study overseas no longer constitutes an African necessity of life. This sity of black Africa, and as the flagship of the 13-branch federal univer- small, 20th-century emigration has had a profound effect on African sity system in Nigeria, Ibadan has about 5000 undergraduate students history, however. In the university cities of Europe and America, Afri- and 1000 graduate students, 95 percent of whom are Nigerian. The 500 cans first made contact with each other and established a network. A faculty members are primarily African, though most are British-edu- cated. Ibadan's 2500-acre campus contains faculties of arts, sciences, so- cial sciences, humanities, education, veterinary medicine, agriculture in Social 4. Peter C. Lloyd. Africa Change. Baltimore: Penguin Books. 1972 and forestry, and medicine (including a 1000-bed hospital). (rev. ed.).

Children's Activities Films February 28 Indian Pain: (Norman Foster. 1963) March 7 Hunted in Holland (Derek Williams. 1966)

Films are free, screened Saturdays at 10:30 am, in Harrison Auditorium of the University Museum. Recommended for children aged five and older. Theatre The Annenberg Center presents Theatre for Children, high quality live theatre experiences for young audiences, in the Zellerbach Theatre. February 27, 28 Teddy Roosevelt a production from the Performing Arts Repertory Theatre, for tickets and informa- tion call the Box Office at Ext. 6791.

Exhibits Through February 26 1981 Recent Gifts to the Univer- sity. GSFA presents contemporary and prints don- ated to Penn. at the ICA Gallery. Through March 6 Goya. Los Caprichos and Los Prover- bios. etchings by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya. loaned by the Arthur Ross Foundation, at the Lessing J. Rosenwald Gallery. 6th floor. Van Pelt Library. Through March 13 First and Second Year MFA Candi- dates Show, at the Hall Gallery. The Annenberg Center's Theatre for Children presents Teddy Roosevelt. a musical for young audiences. am, and 12:30 28 March 2 through March 13 Bachelor ofFine Arts Exhib- February 27(10 p.m.) and (11 am, and 2p.m.). See Theatre at left. it, at Philomathean Gallery. 4th floor College Hall. Films are free, screened on at in Harri- Through June 30 African Sculpture from the Collections, Exploratory Cinema Sundays 2:30p.m. more than masks and statues from sub-Saharan Afri- son Auditorium of the University Museum. twenty February 25 Tourou et Bird (Jean Rouch. 1973. France); ca at the Sharpe Gallery of the University Museum. Under the Men's Tree (David and Judith MacDougall, Through August 31 The Egyptian Mummy: Secrets and University Museum 1968. USA); The Ax Fight (Timothy Asch and Napoleon Science, the exhibit conveys Egyptian ideas about life after 1975, The Through August 31 Mummy 1770, The Unwrapping and death and health and disease Chagnon. USA); Path (Donald and Ronald patterns at the University Rundstrom and Clinton USA); in Egypt's Pyramids. Houses of Eternity, shown in conjunc- Museum. Bergun, 1972. Maring tion with the current exhibition The Motion (Allison Jablonko, 1968. USA). Egyptian Mummy: Se- Through December A Century of Black Presence at the crets and Science. March 4 Divine Horsemen: The Living Gods of Haiti University of Pennsylvania, 1879-1980. at Van Pelt Deren and (Maya Cherel Ito. 1947-51/1979. USA) Navajo Films are free, screened on Saturdays at 1:30 and 2:30 p.m. Library. Silversmith Nelson. 1966. USA); Shadows (Johnny Intrepid and on Sundays at 1:30 p.m. in Harrison Auditorium of the (Al Clah. 1966, USA) Houston Hall Gallery Hours Monday-Friday, noon-6 University Museum. p.m.. Saturday and Sunday noon-4 p.m. All held ICA Hours 10 a.m.-7:30 Wednes- screenings are at Annenberg Center's Studio The- Gallery Tuesday p.m.. atre on Wednesdays at 7 and 9:30 p.m. Admission: $2 for day-Friday, 10 a.m.-5 p.m.. Saturday and Sunday. noon-5 students with ID. and $3 for others. Music p.m. Closed Monday. February 27 Combined program Gospel Choir and Penn Phllomathean Gallery Hours Monday-Friday, noon-5 International Cinema Jazz Ensemble at Annenberg School. p.m., closed weekends. March $ Chamber Music Concert, 2:30 in Harrison 25 A Joris Ivens Rain and p.m. ;in., Gallery Hours Monday-Friday 9 a.m.-5 February Program including Auditorium at the University Museum. p.m.. Saturday 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Power and the Land. 7:30 p.m. 7:30 University Museum Hours Tuesday-Saturday tO a.m.-S February 26 Best Boy. and 9:30 p.m. Victorian Music p.m.. Sunday 1-5 p.m. Closed Monday and holidays. February 27 Best Boy. 4 p.m.; Fundi: The Stars' of Ella Baker and Its Not a One Person Thing with film-makers College of General Studies presents Many Houses University Museum Gallery Tours Joanne Grant and Sally Heckel. 7:30 p.m.; Best Boy 9:30 of Music: A Victorian Cabaret, a non-credit course 25 Subsaharan p.m. and performance of music from the first decades of February Africa February 28 Workshop with Sally Heckel on Developing March 1 Ancient Greece a Film From a Short 1-4 the 20th century. Featured will be a variety of com- March 4 Mesopotamia Story. p.m. March 4 To Love, Honor and Obey. Jury of Her Peers. posers such as Irving , Scott Joplin, Nor, 7:30 p.m. Bayes and Louis Moreau Gottschalk. All tours begin inside University Museum's main entrance March at I and last 5 Workshop with Christine Choy on Working Col- Don Kawash, pianist, and Karen Saillant, vocalist p.m. 45 minutes. $I donation requested. lectively with an All-Woman 3-6 How Crew. p.m.; Yukong will perform the music March 15, 2-4 Moved the Mountains 6, 7:30 Sunday, p.m. Program p.m.; Underground at the School Theatre. Fee: $10. Contact USA, 9:30 p.m. Annenberg Films March 6 How Yukong Moved the Mountains Program 6. 4 Special Programs, CGS, Ext. 6479 or 6493. p.m.; Films from Buffalo. II independent films by Buffalo Soviet Films area filmmakers with Bruce Jenkins, film programmer and film critic from media studies/Buffalo, 7:30 p.m. Under- Religion The Christian Association has a new Reconcili- Seven of the best films produced in the Soviet ground USA, 9:30p.m. Chapel of ation, located on the third floor of the CA., at 3601 Locust Union the last 50 will be shown during years during All are held at Hall, International Walk. The chapel will be open, 9 a.m..l0:30 p.m.. to the a seven-session, non-credit course this screenings Hopkinson spring. The House. Admission: $2, $I for the Friday matinees; for more campus community, starting Wednesday, February 25. films include: Mother by Vsevolod Pudovkin; My information call 387-5125. Ext. 222. EcumenIcal Eucharist 12:15 p.m. Fridays at the Chris- Name is Ivan by Andrei Tarkovski; Hamlet by tian Association, 3601 Locust Walk. A gathering for new and informal of communion. Grigori Kozintsev and Twelve Chairs Arkadi PUC Film Alliance ways sharing by services at St. 3916 Gaidai. February 27 Monrv Python. 8 and 10 p.m.; The Creature Episcopal Weekly Mary's Church. Locust Walk. Information: 222-8556. Also on the are: Andrei Rublev from the Black Lagoon, midnight. program by 28 Fame. 7:30 and 10:15 Jewish Conservative, Orthodox and Reform services are Andrei Tarkovski; Childhood Mark Donskoi February p.m. held at Hillel. 202 S. 36th at 4:15 MY by March 6 The Godfather. Part II. 8 p. in.; Duck Soup, St., p.m. Fridays. Shab- and Pirosmani by G. Shengelaya. bat morning services (Conservative and Orthodox) are held midnight. at Hillel each at 9:30 am. Background on the films will be Antonio March 7 Love and Death. 7:30 & 11:15 in., King of Saturday given by 1). Lutheran Eucharist service at II am. Lutheran L. Liehm, of Slavic at Penn. Hearts. 9:15 p.m. Sundays professor languages Student Center. 3637 Chestnut Street. The films will be discus- analyzed during group All are held at Irvine Auditorium on and Muslim The Muslim Student Association hosts Jumaa con- sions. screenings Friday and at in Saturdays. Admission $1.25. midnight shows $I. gregational prayer meeting. Fridays 12:30p.m. the The course, sponsored by College of General Hamson-Smith-Penniman room, Houston Hall. Roman Catholic mass masses at Studies, will be held Thursdays beginning March 5 Film Series Midnight Saturdays; Sunday 9:30 am.. II am, and 5 p.m. on Sundays; daily mass at at 7:30 p.m. The fee is $70. To for the register March 1 Jenny L'Amour (Henri-Georges Clouzot. 1947. 12:05 p.m. Holy days at 12:05 p. in., 5:15 p. in. and 8p.m.. course call Ext. 6479 or 6493. France). Newman Center. 3720 Chestnut Street.

8p.m. at Plymouth-Whitemarsh High School. Germantown Physiology Library, 4th floor Richards Building. Special Events Pike in Plymouth Meeting. For information: Ann Rhoads. School of Medicine and Student National Medical Asso- February 25 Sensitivity and Awareness Day. Equal Op- Moms Arboretum, 247-5777. ciation present Dr. LaSalle Leffall, chairman. Department of Howard and Ameri- portunity Office and Personnel Office present a program on February 25 Near East Lectures presents Dr. Ezat 0. Ne- Surgery. University past president, services for the handicapped. 10 a.m.-4 p.m. at the Faculty gahban. visiting scholar from the Near East on Marlik. Haft can Cancer Society, on Cancer Control Today: State of the Club. Tepe, Zaghe and its Painted Building, 5:30 p.m. at Rainey Art, 3:30 p.m. at Dunlop Auditorium. Medical Education February 28 Third Annual Wharton Alumnae Conference Auditorium. University Museum. Building. ar- Clinical Smell and Taste Research Dr. Carl at Vance Hall. Carol Bellamy, president. GSFA presents Carl Steinitz, professor of landscape presents Council. on Risk and Reward. Contact Wharton Graduate chitecture and urban design. . 8p.m. at Pfaffmann. Rockefeller University, on Electric Taste as a Alumni Affairs at Ext. 8478 for more information. Alumni Hall. Towne Building. Probe of Gustatory Receptor Mechanisms. 4 p.m. at Dun- Through 28 Silent Auction of 200 , drawings, February 26 South Asia Seminars presents Annemarie lop A. New Medical Education Building. on the Is- Tinker Lectures William Carter. prints, sculpture and tapestries at International House. 1-5 Schimmel. Harvard University. The Position of presents chief. Hispanic p.m. All bids must be submitted in writing by February 28, maelis in the Islamic Context. II a.m.-12:30p.m. at Class- Division. Library of Congress, on Drug Use in the Alti- room 4 at 285 McNeil and highest bidders will be telephoned. II. University Museum. pIano. p.m. Building. March 4 Center for the of and the Division of Through February 28 Hmong Embroidery Workshops School of Medicine presents the 5th Robert 0. Ravdin Study Aging Dr. Hadlock, Dr. Robert D. presented by International House and the Indochinese Com- Memorial Lecture featuring Daniel president. Neuropathology presents Terry, chairman. munity Center. 10:30 am-noon. Saturdays. at Internation- National Hospice Organization, on Hospice: Intensive Department of Pathology. Albert Einstein Collegeof Medi- al House. 3701 Chestnut Street. Bring a pair of scissors: Treatment with a Difference. 4-5 p.m. at Medical Alumni cine of Yeshiva University, on The Aging Brain and De- 3:30-4:30 at Auditorium Medical other materials will be provided. Hall. HUP. mentia. p.m. Dunlop B, Through April University Ice Skating Club meets Thurs- The University Museum presents the annual Report from Education ArtBuilding. Part II: see March 2. days 3:30-5 p.m. and Sundays 10:15-11:45 am, at the the Field featuring Dr. Robert Schuyler: Dr. Arthur G. Maya Program Classof '23 Ice Rink. 3130 Walnut Street. For more infor- Miller: Birthe Kjolbye-Biddle: Dr. Alan Mann and Dr. Da- Leon Lecture Series Presents Dr. David N. Schramm, mation call Marion Friedman at 342-8638. evenings or vid O'Connor. 5:30 p.m. at the Harrison Auditorium. Uni- chairman. Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics. Uni- weekends. versity Museum. The program will be followed by cocktails versityof Chicago, on TheBig Bang: TheOrigin ofthe Uni- and dinner in the Museum's Upper Egyptian Gallery. Call verse. 8 p.m. at Room 124-6. Annenberg School. Ext. 4026. March 5 South Asia Seminars presents Indira Shetterly Museum Shop Sale February 27 University Museum presents a Brown Bag Peterson, Amherst College, on The Functions of the Crafts, jewelry and Museum publications will be Seminar featuring Dr. Bernard Wailes, associate curator. Songs/Texts of the Salvite Saints in theFormation andPres- on ervation Tamil/Tamil Saivite II am.-12:30 on sale (30-50 percent off) at the Museum Shop of European Archeology. University Museum, Non-Urban- of Identity. ism in Ireland: Excavations and noon-1 at at Classroom If, Museum. The Museum. On and Survey. p.m. p.m. University University Thursday, Friday, Ethnic Arts Museum. March 6 Women's Faculty Club a chaired will offer reduced Gallery. University presents panel Saturday, March 5-7, the Shop English Department presents Professor Jonathan D. by Dwight Scott, on Women and Retirement, noon at Ham- prices on most of its stock of treasures and selected Culler. Cornell University. on Deconstruction in Literary son-Smith-Penniman Room. Houston Hall. publications. All proceeds from the Museum Shop Criticism, 4 p.m. at first floor Conference Room. Van Pelt Graduate School of Fine Arts presents Arata Isozaki, ar- chitect. at GSFA Room B-1. Sale benefit The University Museum. Shop hours Library. 4p.m. March 2 Administrative Assembly Brown Bag Seminars March 7 College of General Studies presents Saturday at are 10 a.m.-4 1-4 p.m., Tuesday-Saturday; p.m., Martin Biddle, director of the Museum the University featuring Rene Dubos, emeritus, the Museum itself is until 5 present University professor Sunday; open p.m. and professorof anthropology. I p.m. at Benjamin Franklin Rockefeller University and Donald Fredenckson, director, Room. Houston Hall. National Institutes of Health, on Human Concerns and Department of History and Sociology of Science presents Medical Research. 10 a.m. at the University Museum. Sports Professor Everett Mendelsohn. Harvard University, on The February 24 Men's Basketball vs. Princeton. 9 p.m. at Political Anatomy of Scientific Controversies. 4 p.m. at Palestra. Seminar Room 107, Smith Hall. School of Communications Brian Theatre 25 Women's Fencing vs. Harvard. 3:30 p.m. Annenberg presents February February 27, 28 Orpheus Club presents Jacques Brel is and men'sfencing vs. Harvard. 7p.m., both at Weightman Henderson. Center for Media Study. State University of Alive and Well andLiving in Paris at Studio Theatre at An- Hall. New York at Buffalo, on Film Studies in the 1980s-New nenberg Center. 27 Men's vs. Cornell, at Gim- Frontiers, OldProblems. 4 p.m. at the Colloquium Room, February Swimming 4p.m. The Medical School their 1981 School of Communications. February 28 presents ble Gym. Annenberg Spoof Suture Self. 7 and 9:30 p.m. at Dunlop Auditorium, 28 Men's Volleyball vs. Harvard. 2 p.m. at Medical Ethics Society presents Grace Powers Monaco. February Medical Education Building. Tickets available in Suite 100 Hall. counsel to the American Cancer Society, on Alter- Weightman special MEB 9 a.m.-5 the Prac- weekdays, p.m. March 6 Women's Squash vs. Harvard. 4 p.m. at Ringe native Cancer Therapies: Legal/Ethical issues for March 5 through 22 Philadelphia Drama Guild presents Courts: men's basketball vs. Cornell. 6 p.m. at Palestra. titioner, 5:30p.m. at Dunlop B Room. Medical Education The Front Page by Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur in March 7 Men's Basketball vs. Columbia, 7 p.m. at Pales- Building. Zellerbach Theatre at Annenberg Center. tra; men'sfencingIFA at Weightman Hall through March 8. Maya Art Program. University Museum presents Dr. Ar- March 6, 7 Temple University presents Temple Dance in thur G. Miller, director. Maya Art Program, on Pre-Colum- Prince Theatre at Annenberg Center. bian ArtandArchaeology in Mexico. NewDiscoveries Part Talks I. 7:30 p.m. at Rainey Auditorium. University Museum. Forperformance times, ticket prices and further information February 24 Respiratory Physiology Seminar presents Dr. $10 contribution. on events, call Annenberg Center Box Office. Ext. 6791 or H. Herscowitz, March 3 of Dr. Julian microbiology department, Georgetown Department Psychiatry presents TTY Ext. 6994. University School of Medicine, on immunological Func- Jaynes. Department of Psychology. Princeton University, tionsofAlveolar Macrophages. 12:30-1:30 p.m. at Physiol- on Schizophrenia: A Relapse to an Earlier Mentality?. ogy Library. 4th floor. Richards Building. 11:30 am-I p.m. at Medical Alumni Hall. HUP. To list an event The Faculty Tea Club presents Dr. Vincent Cristofalo, Respiratory Physiology Seminars presents Dr. Roland acting director. Center for Study of Aging, on Biology of Pittman. Department of Physiology, Medical College of information for the weekly Almanac calendar Aging, 1:30 p.m. at the Faculty Club. Virginia, on Recent Ideas and Experiments on the Oxygen should reach our office at 3533 Locust Walk at least Moms Arboretum presents Integrated Pest Management. Sensitivity of Vascular Smooth Muscle, 12:30-1:30 p.m. at one week before desired date of publication.

SAMP Reunion Symposium Flower Courses at Arboretum

The School of Allied Medical Professions is spon- While most of us associate flowering bulbs with soring a symposium/reunion on the weekend of May early spring, there are many unusual bulbs that 8-10. to mark the graduation of its last class. bloom in the summer as well. The Morris Arbore- The program will include state-of-the art work- tum will present a single-session course on summer shops in Medical Technology. Occupational Ther- flowering bulbs Monday. March 2, 7 to 9 p.m. apy and Physical Therapy. and will feature many na- Bulbs will be supplied for class members to take tionally famous professionals and popular speakers: home. Cost: $9/members. S12/non-members. the festivities will include banquets and brunches. The Arboretum will also offer a single-session For registration forms or for more information program on selecting and growing perennials for an contact Dr. Ruth Leventhal, at SAMP. 420 Service extended period of bloom. On March 4 from IC Drive/S2 or Ext. 8419. am. to 2 p.m. (bring lunch), Viola Anders, form(t professor of floriculture at Temple University, will Now Hear This... teach planning, planting. and caring for the peren- nial garden. Participants will receive a list of local 'Me HUP Speech and Hearing Center would like sources for obtaining some of the more unusual per- to establish a stock of used hearing aids for their pa- tients' use If or ennials. Cost: $15/members, $20/non-members. during hospitalization. you, anyone is for both courses: call in your family, have a hearing aid that is no longer Pre-registration requested Morris Arboretum at 247-5777. used or needed, youcandonate it to the Center, on 5 Gates East at HUP, or call 227-2784. At right, the location of the Morris Arboretut ALMANAC February 24, 1981

Listings are condensed from the personnel bulletin of February 23. and therefore cannot be considered offi- cial. Some positions may no longer be available. New list- On the Director of CGS ings are posted Mondays on personnel bulletin boards. Anatomy-Chemistry Building: near Room 358: As the search committee for Director of the Centenary Hall: lobby: College of General Studies nears the College Hail: first floor: completion Dental School: first floor: of its work. I want to acknowledge to the Uni- Franklin Building: near Personnel (Room 130): versity community the fact that due to an admin- Johnson Pavilion: first floor, next to directory: istrative error, the position was omitted from the Law School: Room 28, basement: Personnel Relations posting and listing in Alma- Labs: first floor, outside Room 102: Laldy nac. The omission could have been embar- Logan Hall: first floor, near Room 117: very both to Dean and to the search LRSM: first floor. opposite elevator: rassing Dyson Richards Building: first floor, near mailroom: committee that has worked so hard to select can- east staircase, Rlttsnhouee Lab: second floor: didates it feels confident in recommending. For- Social first floor: Work/Caster Building: tunately, the position opening was well known Towns mezzanine lobby: Building: on campus because of front page Almanac sto- Van Pelt Library: ask for copy at Reference Desk: ries of the vacant and other Veterinary School: first floor, next to directory. position's becoming For further information, call personnel services. 243- stories concerning the search process. In addi- 7284. The University is an equal opportunity employer. tion, the search was conducted very broadly and Where qualifications include formal education or training. was advertised in both The Chronicle of Higher significant experience in the field be substituted. The may Education and The Washington Post. two figures in salary listings show minimum starting salary The search itself has been both thor- and maximum starting salary (midpoint). Some positions process listed may have strong internal candidates. If you would ough and productive. Approximately 75 candi- like to know more about a particular position, please ask at dates responded to the opening. The search com- the time of the interview with a personnel counselor or hir- mittee has interviewed 16 finalists who met the ing department representative. Openings listed without sala- criteria for the position, seven of whom were ei- ries are those in which salary is yet to be determined. ther University staff personnel or affiliated with the University. So, I am satisfied that the spirit of our Affirmative Action Plan has been ob- served but I acknowledge that the normal admin- istrative process of communications was not fol- lowed. - Gerald L. Robinson Executive Director of Personnel