INSIDE " Restaffing Community Relations, Budget, p. 2 " VPUL on Clemente Suspension, p. 2 " Tenure/Gender Report (Clelland), p. 2 " Death of Dr. Garfinkel, others, p. 3 " Of Record: New Benefits Options, p. 3 " Speaking Out: Salary Study, p. 4 " Animals in Research: Letters, Statementsand Releases, pp. 5-8; Dr. Morrison, pp. 9-10 " Council Committees: Nominations Call, p. 11 " CnmeStats, Update, p. 12

Tuesday, February 20, 1990 Publishedby the University ofPennsylvania Volume 36 Number 24

For 'Peak Week': Ted Koppel Search Committee: VP/ Grad Ed ABC's Nightline anchor Ted Koppel has been signed to moderate Provost Michael Aiken announced atCoun- three two-hour forums during the May 16-20 "Peak Weck"of the cil Wednesday that Dr. Robert E. Dyson, direc- Penn 250th, presenting them live to campus audiences but also tor of the University Museum and former dean videotaping andediting them to one-hour productions the Univer- of the School of Arts and Sciences, will head sity will offer to PBS. According to the 250th Celebration's the committee to advise on selection of a Vice Director Clare Wofford, the interviewer noted for his civilized Provost for Graduate Education, the new post tenacity will conduct forums on: recommended in the report of the Working --The Walls Are Coming Down, on the changing world picture Group on Graduate Education (Almanac De- since recent developments in the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and cember 5, 1989). The complete committee: South Africa, Faculty: Robert Dyson, Arts & Sciences, Chair --The World Market Place, on problems and opportunities in Jean llenn Gallier, Engineering developing an international economy; and Roland Kallen, Medicine --Technology in Culture and the Arts, including changes in world Abba Kneger, Wharton culture wrought by computers, television and satellites. Ruth MeCorkie, Nursing Panel selection will be worked out between Mr. Koppel and the Edward Pugh, Arts & Sciences University. He accepted the invitation, Mrs. Wofford said, aftera Maureen Quiltigan, Arts & Sciences letter from President Sheldon Hackney and a visit from President Students: Susan Garfinkcl, Arts & Sciences Ted Koppel Emeritus Martin Meyerson. David Kerosian, Arts & Sciences

Council: Debating Suspension of Student, Other Issues Council went into overtime Wednesday to Karseh read a UA motion supporting animal be published), Dr. Larry Gross said that after complete its agenda, as officers' opening re- research and wishing Dr. Morrison continued observing some 20 years' talk of bridging ports led to extended discussion in the Q & A success. (Pages 5 through 10 of this issue Walnut Street, with most plans anchoring on period--particularly of the VPUL Kim Mor- contain other letters and statements on re- the Annenberg Plaza, he believes it has been risson's administrative suspension of Christo- search involving animals.) found that the approach would be too short pher Clemente, a Wharton sophomore under Honorary Degrees: Dr. Peter Freyd de- unless the bridge were steeply arched. He arrest in New York City on drug and weapons scribed the two-stage selection process in which proposed that "37th Street is effectively no charges. (Seeher statement, page 2.) Benjamin the campus committee, made up of faculty and longer a street" and could provide a more Karsch in an Undergraduate Assembly resolu- students with a faculty majority, nominates gradual approach, adding that if the Faculty tion, Reuben Brown of the Black Students' only candidates from academia and the arts. It Club were incorporated into Campus Center League, and Professor Alan Kors were among then forwards names to a trustee committee, planning, a bridge might be anchored there. those whose questions centered on whether which nominates in politics, business and other Other Topics: See page 2 for President suspension reversed the principle of innocent- fields, and makes the final selection. While Sheldon Hackney's announcements ofstaffing until-proved guilty. students questioned the breadth and diversity in community relations and budget planning, Mr. Brown charged that the action damages of overall results--charging a low percentage and see above the search committee on a new Mr. Clemente's defense.In response to Mr. of women, minorities and third-world lead- vice -provostship, announced by the Provost. Brown's urging administrative leave instead of ers--Dr. Freyd presented as the fundamental Additions to public safety resources, com- suspension, Dr. Morrisson said what shows on issue, "Should we have this committee at all?" mended at Council by both GAPSA and UA, the student's record is administrative leave.To and suggested that the perceived value of such are scheduled for publication next week. Dr. Kors' query on why the student was sus- degrees is based on an appearance of faculty pended before a campus hearing was held, Dr. recognition that is not borneout by the process. Fraternity Kidnapping Charges Morrisson said Section VII of the Judicial Trustees reserve control over honorary de- The Office of the VPULhas confirmed that Charter specifies the steps in the order taken. grees, he said he was told, on the ground that the JIO is investigating collective responsibil- Animal Research Arrest: ProvostMichael faculty are "pretty much in charge of every- ity of Psi Upsilon (the Castle) as well as Aiken announced the arrest of Michael Winikoff thing else" (earned degrees, faculty appoint- individual responsibility of its member Carlton of People for the Ethical Treatment of Ani- ments, etc.). Undermining the perceived value Jackson and pledge Aaron Castellano, who mals, who proclaimed his theft of two labora- as Dr. Freyd saw it were that fewer than half were arrested February 9 and charged with tory rats last month, claiming they were mis- of the faculty choices receive the degree (some kidnapping a member of Delta Psi (St. A's). treated in psychologyresearch. Campus Police may decline, but confidentiality clouds analy- According to Daily Pennsylvanian coverage Detective Michael Carroll confirmed that Mr. sis); that while faculty are held to the state the Castle men reportedly abducted the room- Winikoff was arrested Wednesday morning board of education restriction on awarding mate of a St. A's man believed to have been during the vigil hebegan after revealing that he degrees to one's own active members, and involved in an earlier incident between the two had taken the animals while working under- must wait a year or more after retirement to be houses. The District Attorney's office was coveras atechnician in psychology. FridayMr. eligible for nomination, half the Charter trus- reported to be considering charges against Winikoff was released on his own recogni- tees havereceived honorary degrees; and while additional members of the Castle. zance and is scheduled for a hearing March 5. the campus committee this year met for two The two men arrested were released on Provost Aiken also said the FBI has been hours each week to deliberate on its portion of S3500 bail; a February 15 hearing was contin- called into the case of the break-in at the Vet- the nominations the trustee committee made ued to March 7 when the students appeared erinary School and reiterated his and the Presi- the final decisions after conferring only an without attorneys. Related charges include dent's earlier statement (Almanac January 16) hour, by telephone. unlawful restraint, false imprisonment, reck- that ifthe perpetrator can be found the Univer- Campus Center: After the Campus Center less endangerment of another person, simple sity will prosecute to the fullest extent. Mr. Advisory Committee's formal presenation (to assault, and using terroistic threats.

such venture, at Bartram-Cato, has been renamed by the Community Relations...Budget Office Staffing School Board the Penn-Bartram Cato program, recog- Cheryl Hopkins ofPurchasing has been named Direc- nizing that about half of the "Say Yes to Education" tor of Community Relations, the post vacated when students are now there (the rest in a number of schools) James H. Robinson retired in June. Ms. Hopkins, a and Penn students tutor there daily. A new partnership graduate of Douglass College at Rutgers with an eco- just announced is the Penn-Pew College Access Pro- nomics majorand aconcentration in finance, joined Penn gram for Philadelphia high school students, with guid- on graduation in 1984. As purchasing agent and coordi- ance and advising funded by the Pew Memorial Trust; nator ofthe unit's Small Business Program, Ms. Hopkins Penn has undertaken to raise $1 million for scholarship has spearheaded the "Buy West Philadelpia" initiative aid in conjunction with the program. which President Sheldon Hackney called a "tremendous success...up from $1 million four years ago to a goal of Budget/Planning: Two members of the Resource $5 million this year-good for theeconomy, good for the Planning andBudget Office-Assistant Director Joseph neighborhood, and good for Penn." H. Grum and Senior Analyst Benjamin T. Hoyle-will Dr. Hackney also announced that a new post is to be share on an acting basis for the rest ofthis fiscal year the created in his office, Director of Community Partner- responsibilities formerly held by Glen R. Stine, wholeft ships, to coordinate a growing number of cooperative to become vice president of the University ofColorado Cheryl Hopkins ventures especially with the Philadelphia Schools. One at Boulder.

Statement of the VPUL on Suspension and Christopher Clemente Evidence ofthis familiarity with dangerous Section VII of the Student Judicial Charter ChristopherClemente has been indicted on ten and illegal weapons together with the serious gives the Vice Provost for University Life the felony charges. Six counts involve criminal weapons and drug charges pending in New the authority and the responsibility to "suspend" a possession of a controlled substance, three York and the information provided by student temporarily pending a hearing in counts involve criminal possession of a weapon District Attorney are the basis for the adminis- extraordinary circumstances when the student's of which two arearmed felonies, and one count trative action I have taken on behalf of the presence on campus poses a threat to order, involves criminally using drug paraphernalia. University after considerable evaluation and health, or safety. These are extremely serious charges; if he is personal soul-searching. A suspension used in this instance under the convicted, they carry possible life sentences. Christopher Clemente's innocence or guilt Charteris an administrative action, and appears According to these documents, Mr. Cle- will be determined by thecourts in New York. on astudent's record asan administrative leave mente was arrested at an apartment in New Thedecision regardinghis presenceon campus ofabsence. Itis not apunitive measure. It is not York City shortly after midnight on January is a judgment call which was made after a a sanction as the term is used elsewhere in the 10, 1990. A key to this apartment was on his review of the information we were given. His Charter, where it may be one of a possible key chain at the time of his arrest. Mr. Cle- permanent status as a student should be deter- series ofsanctions available to aHearingBoard mente was one of two people in the apartment mined by an appropriately constituted Hearing staff have been panel. Any decision about a student's perma- from which police saw thrown from a window Board panel. Members of my nent status under the Charter will be deter- abag containing what was identified to be 2200 and will continue to be available to help Chris- in with mined by an appropriately constituted Hearing vials of crack cocaine, a scale and a loaded 9 topherClemente and his family dealing Board panel. mm handgun. Additional guns, drugs and money administrative matters pertaining to his enroll- This section provides authority that should were confiscated from the apartment. On ment at the University. neverbeundertaken lightly, nor used except in January 11, a search warrant was issuedfor his We are deeply concerned about Christopher extraordinary cases where serious questions apartment inVan Pelt College House. Among Clemente and his family, and we are also are raised about a student's presence on cam- the items confiscated from his apartment and deeply concerned about the welfare of the pus. Such questions were raised by the Phila- turned over to the District Attorney's office University community when the possibilities that those delphia District Attorney's office and by our were a series of photographs of Christopher ofdanger must be considered. I hope DepartmentofPublic Safety about Christopher Clemente shown with an array of weapons who disagree with the action I have taken Clemente's presence oncampus when it seemed which appear to be handguns, semiautomatic understand that it is taken with much personal likely at the end of last week that he would be machine guns and automatic machine guns anguish and with the belief that the safety of released on bail and, his lawyers have said, modified and threaded to accommodate a si- students, faculty and staff within the Univer- would return to campus. lencer. Some of these weapons appear similar sity community is of compelling importance. According to documents which were given to weapons that were confiscated from the -Kim M. Morrisson, Vice Provost by law enforcement officials to the University, apartment in New York. for University Life FROM COLLEGE HALL Numbers of Standing Faculty by Gender, School and Tenure Status

Number of Tenured Standing Faculty Number of Standing Faculty Here is the fourth in a Total % Women series of data sets School Men Women Total %Women School Men Women showing the gender and Annenberg 9 2 11 18 Annenberg 9 2 11 18 Arts & 494 17 tenure composition ofthe Sciences 32855 383 14 Arts & Sciences 41084 standing faculty by school Dental 40 1 41 2 Dental 48 3 51 6 as ofOctober 31, 1989. Education 17 4 21 19 Education 19 8 27 30 6 For comparison, the Engineering 81 3 84 3 Engineering 101 7 108 previous tables were Fine Arts 26 3 29 10 Fine Arts 30 5 35 14 Law 27 26 published in Almanac, 16 3 19 16 Law 20 7 April 18, 1989. Medicine 217 24 241 10 Medicine 666 138 804 17 Nursing 0 19 19 100 Nursing 0 46 46 100 -Richard C. Clelland, Social Work 8 3 11 27 Social Work 10 6 16 37 Provost Deputy Veterinary 67 5 72 7 Veterinary 92 15 107 14 -Patricia Wilson, Wharton 102 8 110 7 Wharton 164 12 176 7 Assistant to the Provost Provost -1 -2 3 &Z Deputy Provost 912 132 1044 13 1570 335 1905 18

2 ALMANACFebruary 20,1990

Death of Dr. Garfinkel Anthropology at Penn in 1955. As a Penn Joseph A. Colantonio, Sr., former direc- student, she began at the Reference Depart- tor ofthe Penn Band,died February 7 atthe age Dr. David Garfrnkel, a pioneerin computer ment in 1943; in 1952, she was appointed head of69.Anative of Philadelphia, Mr. Colantonio simulation who began as a biochemist and of the departmentand directed it for the next 16 directed bands at several local schools and was became a professor of computer science in the years.In 1968,she and herhusband George, the the bandmaster for the Philadelphia Eagles School of Engineering and Applied Science, head of Lippincott's Reference Department, "Sound of Brass". He is survived by his wife, died February 9 at the age of 59. A graduate moved to Chicago; he to the John Crerar Li- Joan E. Conway Colantonio; sons, James, with highest honors of the University of Cali- brary, she to an ALA headquarters post. On re- Michael and Anthony; two brothers; two sis- fornia at Berkeley, he took his Ph.D. in bio- tirement, they moved to Geigertown, Pa. ters, and 10 grandchildren. chemistry from Harvard in 1955 and was a post-doctoral fellow at Penn from 1955 to 1957. After four years' research in biochemis- OF RECORD try at the New York State Psychiatric Institute at Columbia University he returned to Penn as The following changes to the Tax De- Effective March 1, 1990, the following are a research associate in biophysics, moving in ferred Annuity Plan (Retirement Plan the approvedfundsfor University of 1963 to assistant professor and director of the for Monthly Paid Staffand Faculty) Pennsylvania Tax Deferred Annuity Plans: Medical School He was Computer Facility. are March 1, 1990: The Vanguard Group of to associate in and in effective promoted professor 1965, Investment Companies 1972 moved to Engineering where he became full in 1977. Cashablifty Money Market professor Market Reserves Publishing over 250 papers in his complex At retirement an individual may Vanguard Money of Dr. Garfinkel was known both take as cash to 100% of balances in Prime Portfolio disciplines, up Federal Portfolio for his basicbiomedical research and for inno- CREF, Vanguard and/or Calvert ac- S vative for use in research and counts derived from both U. S. Treasury Portfolio systems hospital University Income He was elected to the New York and individual contributions. settings. Fixed Income Securities Fund of Sciences, to the board of the At five of Vanguard Academy separation (after years Investment Grade Portfolio Bioengineering Society, and to numerous dis- in the an individual participation plan) High Yield Portfolio tinguished professional organizations and edi- may take as cash up to 100% of the GNMA Portfolio boards. torial balances in CREF, and/or Short Term Bond Portfolio Garfinkel is Vanguard Dr. survived by his wife, Lil- Calvert accounts derived from their U. S. Treasury Bond Portfolio * lian Magid Garfinkel; daughters, Susan Laura individual contributions. Balances Short Term Government Bond a student here), andBeth Diane, * (now graduate which derive from University contri- Vanguard Bond Market Fund and a sister, Dorothy Sideman. Income Fund butions are not cashablc upon Wellesley Lewis Mumford, the world-renowed philoso- separation. Balanced critic, pher, literary historian, city plannerand Wellington Fund writer on architecture who at Penn Transferability * taught in Vanguard Star Fund 1951-56 and again in 1959-61, died inhis sleep Participants may transfer 100% Convertible Securities Fund * on 26 at the of94. After of balances from a fund in one January age declining (only) Growth and Income honorary degrees for many years, the emeritus University approved retirement carrier of had the Windsor Fund professor city planning accepted directly to an approved fund offered Windsor II Fund * Penn's invitation to receive one at the centen- one of the other two Uni- by approved Trustees Commingled Equity Fund nial celebration ofthe Graduate School of Fine carriers. (Note: to Arts this fall. In a career versity Currently, U. S. Growth Portfolio coming spanning avoid possible adverse tax implica- International Growth Portfolio * nearly 70 years, Lewis Murnford had taught at tions, transfers must be 100% of accu- Vanguard Index Trust the New School for Social Research, Colum- * Stanford and before mulation in one fund deposited 500 Portfolio bia, Dartmouth joining selected Penn, and later also at MIT and directly into the newly fund.) W.L. Morgan Growth Fund taught Berkeley. World Fund He wrote some of the century's most influen- Parameters for Application of Vanguard tial and books on cities, culture and the U. S. Portfolio lasting These New Features International Growth Portfolio machine age, beginning with The Story of * in 1922, a four-volume series All above apply to funds in Van- Primecap Fund Utopias through Calvcrt and CREF. Portfolio* known as the Renewal ofLife series (Technics guard, (TIAA Quantitative * and Civilization, The Culture Cities, The policies only permit withdrawal of up Vanguard Equity Income Fund of Asset Allocation Fund * Condition ofMan, and The Conduct of Life) to 10% of an account balance at re- Vanguard written between 1934 and 1951, to the 1961 tirement and have no provision for Aggressive Growth The City in History, the 1967 Technics and transfers out. No changes are ex- Explorer Fund Human Development and its 1971 companion pected for TIAA accumulations until Vanguard Small Capitalization Stock Fund* volume, The Pentagon ofPower--to namejust mid-1991. Balances may be trans- 11AA/CREF a few of his 30 works. His New Yorker maga- ferred into TIAA accounts.) zine column, "Sky Line," ran from the 'thirties Policies for former employees will TIAA through the 'fifties as a commentary on New be the same as the policies in effect Diversified Portfolio York's growth and, in his view, overdevelop- for current employees with respect to CREF hewas ment. And actively involved incommu- both University and individual contri- CREF Stock Account nity andregional life,serving on the New York butions. CREF Money Market Account City Board of Higher Education and on the CREF Social Choice* * staffof the New York and Plan- City Regional Addition of New Funds CREF Bond Market** ning Commission, and cofounding the Re- Calvert Association of America. Two new CREF funds are gional Planning Growth Portfolio Among his many honors was his election as available: The Social Choice Fund and Managed president of the American Academy of Arts the Bond Market fund. Money Market Portfolio and Letters, and the receipt of the National Ten new Vanguard funds have * new funds available March 1, 1990 Medal of the Arts in 1986. been added for a total of twenty five **new account available March 1, 1990 Mr. Mumford is survived by his wife, Sophia, choices. a daughter, Alison and two grandchildren. Flora Colton, a former head of the Refer- Questions about these plans should be directed to the Benefits Office Ext. 8-7281. ence Department of the University Library, --Adrienne S. Riley --Dennis Mahoney died January 2 at the age of 72. Mrs. Colton Director, Human Resources Manager, Benefits earnedanMLS at Drexelin 1944 and an MA in

ALMANAC February 20, 1990 3

Do You Have Diabetic Retinopathy? PennLIN Users Please Note Volunteers aresought fora six-month study Approximately 164,000records forolder Dewey classedmaterials in the Van Pelt and of an experimental drug treatment for blood vessel abnormalities in diabetics the Diabe- Fine Arts Libraries have now been loaded into PennLIN. These records are identified by by the phrase, "Temporary PennLlN Catalog Record. Check Card Catalog For More tes Adjuvant Treatment Study at the Hospital of Details". Because they have been transferred from two earlier generations of library of the University Pennsylvania. circulation systems, these temporary records are often very brief, and contain a number --Volunteers receive expert medical care of their diabetes and of typos. In time they will be replaced by complete and accurate bibliographic records. expert eye at no cost. In the meantime we ask users to check the card for full details, and not to evaluations catalog report --Must be between 21 and 55 old and for records. We do to errors in years typos misspellings temporary encourage you report and on insulin. other PennLIN records. The is in the of reviewing the any Catalog Department process --No hypertension and no other major database for errors, and welcomes in these. your help identifying diabetic complication. Please note that circulation items in status information is now available for many --Must not have previous laser treat- PennLIN. When a PennLIN record does not indicate circulation status, please ask a ment of retina. member of the Van Pelt or Lippincott Circulation Departments to check whether the item For further information please call me at 662- is charged out. 2569. --Patricia E. Renfro --Peggy Van Antwerp, Nurse Coordinator Associate Director of Libraries Diabetes Adjuvant Treatment Study

Speaking Out within his/her category. of color and women, Questions on especially persons Equity Study 5. The report fails to give explanations receive both fair and equal consideration in While you did not request direct for the exclusion of certain positions. It "was salary and promotion. For the above stated feedback from us on the "Results of an not feasible;" "wereprobablypart-time em- reasons, we are convinced that the study is Equity Study on StaffSalary and Promotion" ployees and should be excluded;" were absolutely inadequate to the equity concerns (Almanac, January 23, 1990), this is written frequent phrases used without explanation. of the University. Nor can we agree that the to share our dismay and discontent with the The absence of a clear explanation leaves us University "efforts over the yearsto study and the results. This study was suspect. minimize inappropriate pay and promotion presented to us by Dr. Butterfield on the eve 6. Are reclassifications considered as differences are in general successful." of its publication in Almanac (hardly promotions? When promotion is defined --Orneice Dorsey Leslie sufficient time for us to respond before its solely as "the assignment to a higher salary AAA--A-1 Tn-Chairperson publication). grade during the period," it may include re- --Jim Gray Our discontent stems from the acknowl- classification. Reclassifications are made to AAA--A-3 Tn-Chairperson edged and unacknowledged facts that correct or equalize. Promotions represent ad- --Peter B. Vaughan prohibit this report from being viewed as vancement. Was reclassification addressed AAA--A-2 Tni.Chairperson "fair" and "acceptable." These factsand in this study? There seems to be an --Elena M. DiLapi questions include: assumption that employees are currently in Director, Penn Women's Center I. The exclusion of ungraded positions the correct/just grade. --Adelaide M. Delluva (187). This could represent high-salaried or 7. Why was such an important contract Chair, Women's Center Advisory Board low-salaried positions. In any event, when granted to a relative of a senior level admin- --Michelle M. Fine factored out, it skews the analysis of equity. istrator of the University? Could his/her par- President, WEOUP Why were they excluded? ticipation in preparing this report be an 2. The exclusion of positions with influence (positively or negatively)? How missing race codes (Ill). What effort could was it insured that this administrator had no Response on Salary Study have been taken to this vital influence in the preparation of this report? produce Thank for and com- information? is it not available? At the At the least, there seems to be concern re: you your questions Why ments about the We least, when factored out, it skews the 'conflict of interest." salary equity study. will very make effort to further the re- of 8. to the "education every clarify analysis equity. According summary, have received on 3. The exclusion of union is an- was found to be an variable in ac- sponses you already positions important several of the issues raise. other cause for concern. Some of these for differences." Lack you posi- counting promotional When we commissioned the we tions are skilled labor from which of this data for more than 40 study, jobs percent that there would be of color and women are often use of "education" as avariable. recognized inevitably persons precluded limitations in both its structure and excluded. Some of these classified Was consideration to the variable scope. positions, any given We saw it as an next in as A-4, have the same of In job specification the important step performance expecta- "experience?" in and for tions of similar classified as A-3. The "education assuring equity salary promotion jobs phrase orequivalent experience" all members of the Penn exclusion of the union is used. Under these circumstances, the use Community, positions skews the of color and women. full of across the board. of as a variable in especially persons picture pay equity "equivalent experience" The a fruitful How union would have been seen as completed study represents many positions were excluded determining equity, it is limited, it has ident- from the Their inclusion would have a fair and valid variable, with beginning. Though study? along ified a number of areas of concern that we on the outcome in education. impact determining are immediate attention, as outlined If their exclusion was based on the These have been ones giving equity. questions/concerns in Almanac, 23. We have fact of their contract workers, coaches raised by our constituencies. You may con- January already being received a number of from the are also contract workers not excluded from clude from them that we find the mis- questions report and that will to the leading. We continue to have our same ques- community suggestions help study. future studies. We welcome 4. In a on tions on for here at strengthen revaiwing pay equity, report "pay equity" employees further comment. what this means in salary dollars is impor- the University, and call for more informa- -- President tant. The percentages referred to in the tion, a different kind/model of collecting Sheldon Hackney, -- report do not serve to to the data, and aconcrete plan of action" (includ- Michael Aiken, Provost respond -- employee who questions whether or not he! ing funds to rectify any pay inequities Mama C. Whiuington, Senior Vice President she is poorly paid, compared to salary ranges realized) to insure that all employees,

Speaking Out welcomes reader contributions. Short, timely letters on University issues can be accepted Thursday noon for the following Tuesday's issue, subject to right-of-reply guidelines. Advance notice of intention to submit is appreciated.--Ed.

4 ALMANAC February 20, 1990

Letters and Statements on the Break-in and Animals in Research

Act on Outrage nity to restatein the firmest terms possible the All of this really reflects the overall unity We continue to be greatly disturbed by University's supportof faculty who have been of science and its relation to the unity of the in the break-in in the laboratory of our targeted by animal rights extremists. animal kingdom. Knowledge gained any colleague, Professor A. Morrison, and the In addition to the statement we issued on part of the animal kingdom, or for that mat- of science, can be consequences of this act for biomedical January 15, 1990 following the break-in to ter in any part applied-- fashion--to investigators as well as the scholarly reputa- Professor Adrian Morrison's office, the frequently in an unanticipated tion of the whole University. A similarly Administration conducted a news conference any other part of the animal kingdom or to of Science is indivisible disturbing act occurred a few days ago to on February 2 to point to the significance of any part science. two members of the Department of Psychol- research utilizing animals and to restate our and animal science and human science are ogy. In the given atmosphere, no investiga- commitment to prosecute to the fullest extent equally indivisible. tor in biomedical sciences can feel secure to possible the persons responsible for efforts Would the animal rights proponents the benefits of med- pursue his/her scholarly endeavor, directed to intimidate our faculty (see the texts choose to deny animals suffer, because to serve mankind, in spite of the fact that all starting on page 6). The need to inform the icine, leaving them instead to on animal research? legal requirements pertinent to the use of ex- public about the issues we raised on relief was based in part perimental animals have been met. February 2 is, in our view, very important. Would these same people oppose animal re- cure the AIDS In order to support the faculty and dis- We will be active at various levels in search intended to epidemic courage the perpetuation of such outrageous educating the public about the value of in Africa or a rabies outbreak? Is it really a acts we now ask the Executive Officers of research using animals. moral position to say that animals, domestic this University to: On the issue of rewards, we continue to or wild, should be denied benefits to their discuss the merits of the and will health and well being because these benefits 1. Publicly state the importance of bio- proposal consult with the as our involved the on animals? medical research (including the use of community thinking experimentation Furthermore, who are these to animals) in the pursuit of basic moves forward. people speak experimental on behalf of animals, at least in such a knowledge and service to mankind; this biased and unbalanced manner? research has to be carried out in compliance Indivisible Science -- Emeritus, with legal and moral requirements pertaining My colleague Professor Adrian Morrison Robert Rutman, Professor to the use of experimental animals. has clearly and effectively recounted the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2. Announce a sizable reward for infor- benefits to human well-being arising from mation leading to the apprehension of the animal research and the almost catastrophic perpetrator(s) of the break-in, followed by losses which could occur if this research Thanks for Support Now that the dust has settled a bit after vigorous legal action against such person(s). were to be lost. There is also another aspect of the use of animals for research and that is the break-in at research I have 3. Make clear to the public that standing my facility, the benefits to the animals, themselves. time to to the committees already exist at the University of speak University community. in clinics, in owners' I wish to thanks to Pennsylvania to review the proposed use of Today, veterinary pet express my my many homes, in stables and farms and zoos, ani- friends and from all of experimental animals in applications for re- colleagues segments mals are the of the who have me with search grants and train veterinarians to care spared painful ravages many University supported diseases and the effects of words, letters,,and actions. for any animals and monitor their treatment. crippling injury, supportive public --Robert E. Forster, by treatment based on modem medicine. The Departments of Public Safety and Relations have been Chairman, Department of Physiology How do these animal treatments and cures University just superb. --Arnost Kleinzeller, come about? Mainly, through research on Out of such a negative experience one learns real friends, who are the real Emeritus Professor of Physiology animals--but surprisingly enough, many who are his --Sherwin Lee, Research contributions to the successful treatment of people of courage and conviction. have noted fortune in Assistant Professor of Physiology animals are the result of "experimentation" Several my good on humans. with a in cats that has --Margaret Price. Research Specialist working phenomenon --Ronald F. Coburn, Ordinarily, in medical research, new led to the recognition and successful REM Professor of Physiology drugs, forms of therapy, and surgical pro- treatment of a serious sleep disorder, --Mortimer Civan, cedures are investigated using animal mod- Behavior Disorder. We have identified a in and cats. But Professor of Physiology els. However, before these new findings can similar syndrome pet dogs to humans, have to nature does not her secrets so --Stephen Baylor, be applied they undergo usually yield the must understand this. Professor of Physiology clinical trials under carefully controlled con- easily, and public ditions to establish doses that are safe, detect Lewis Thomas, President-Emeritus of --Saul Winegrad, M.D., Cancer Center Professor of Physiology side effects, and compare the value of the the Memorial Sloan-Kettering new treatment to the ones. All of in an in Lives a Cell has said it best, --George McClellan, Research existing essay of this is form of human I think: Assistant Professor of Physiology essentially a experi- mentation, the outcome of which is to one how and hard the --Andrea Weisberg, "Everyone forgets long or other unknown. In the work must be before the Research Specialist in Physiology degree past, ap- really important ap- --Martin Morad, plication of new medical discoveries fre- plications become applicable. The great con- of modem medicine Professor of Physiology quently awaited the completion of this clin- temporary achievement --Carol Deutsch, ical trial phaseof "human experimentation." is the technology for controlling and infection, but this did Professor of Physiology In any case, the benefits to animals in the preventing bacterial of their illnesses are not fall into our with the of --Henry Shuman, Research way curing essentially laps appearance It had its Associate Professor of Physiology the same as those accruing to humans, both penicillin and the sulfonamides. from the more or less continuous in the final of the last --Susanna J. Dodgson, Research resulting beginnings quarter and decades of the most Assistant Professor of Physiology interaction of research using animals and century, painstaking --Avinash Chandler Jerath, Research clinical trials on human beings. Examples and demanding research were required be- this interaction numerous and can be fore the of scarlet fever, Assistant Professor of Physiology of are etiology pneumonia, --Lars Cleeman, Research Associate found in the treatment of diseases, in sup- meningitis, and the rest could be worked out. etc. Generations of and in- Professor of Physiology portive measures, in surgical procedures, energetic imaginative their whole lives on --Martin Pring, Chemotherapy of cancer, particularly in be- vestigators exhausted loved household and in the It overlooks a Associate Professor of Physiology pets prize breeding problems. staggering --Frank P. Brooks, animals, is a direct result of four decades of amount of basic research to say that modern animal and human research. The medicine with the era of antibiotics." Professor of Physiology interacting began disease, an- The same can be said for medical --George J. Gerstein, application of antibiotics to of any aesthetics to care, new field. disorders real, Professor ofPhysiology patient laboratory Sleep present very procedures for diagnosis, new orthopedic serious problems to those afflicted. Much President Hackney replies: and other surgical procedures, all reflect ani- remains to be dorfe to conquer those Provost Aiken and I appreciate theexpres- mal research followed by testing in the vet- problems. sion by Professors Forster, Kleinzeller and erinary and human clinics before acceptance --Adrian R. Morrison, Professor and theircolleagues, and we welcome the opportu- into medical practice. Head, Laboratories of Anatomy/Vet.

ALMANAC February 20, 1990 5

As noted in the President's response to thefirst letter on page 5, the University ofPennsylvania News Bureau issued a series ofstatements al a press conference on February 2, beginning with an overview ofthe issues dividing animal researchers and animal rights organizations (below). Statements on the specific points 1 and3 in the letter appear further below and on pages 7 and 8. All are unedited exceptfor bracketed references. The press kit contained also a statementfrom the U.S. Department ofHealth and Human Services, published in Almanac February 6, page 1. An address Dr. Morrison gave to the AAAS on February 18 starts on page 9 ofthis issue. --Ed.

Philosophical Difference Separates University, Animal Rights Groups

The University of Pennsylvania has been provost for Research. (See "PennResearchers All research involving animals at Penn must the target of several actions by animal rights Cite Human Benefits in Defense of Animal conform to the standards and regulations estab- organizations in the last few weeks. The inci- Experimentation." [published below].) lished by the federal government. Penn's Insti- dents began over the weekend of January 12, "Mostof these advances simply would not tutional Animal Care and Use Committee when a national underground group known as have been possible without employing animals (IACUC) reviews every research and training the Animal Liberation Front (ALF) informed in theresearch," Cooperman continued. "Our project involving animals before the project Philadelphia news mediathat its members had commitment is to provide humane care for our begins. (See enclosed release titled "Commit- broken into the office ofDr. Adrian Morrison. research animals, and, to the maximum extent tee Insures Humane Animal Use Policies.") Those incidents include a self-identified possible, minimize their pain or discomfort In addition, Penn's University Laboratory animal rights activist claiming responsibility during the course of experimentation. We be- Animal Resource (ULAR) program insures re- for taking two research rats from a Penn psy- lieve that the opportunity to improve the human sponsible and humane careand treatment ofall chology lab while he was employed there as a condition justifies the use of laboratory ani- laboratory animals at the University. Astaffof technician, a series of letters to area newspa- mals." specially trained veterinarians, technicians, and pers denouncing biomedical research in gen- "It is clear that many animal rights groups technologists provide day-to-day care to the eral involving animals at Penn, and the re- disagree with the position of national research animals. ULAR's procedures adhere to guide- searchofDr. Morrison in particular, and arally universities and the federal and private agen- lines established by NIH and the U.S. Depart- that People for the Ethical Treatment of Ani- cies that support them on this point," Cooper- ment of Agriculture. (See enclosed news re- mals (PETA) is planning for [February 3] at man continued. "Nonetheless, we will con- lease titled "Program Cares for Laboratory Penn's School of Veterinary Medicine. tinue our research in the belief that avital part Animals" [page8].) The animal rights actions against Penn ofa university's mission is to seek new knowl- Dr. Morrison isa faculty member atthe vet- reflect a national trend of actions by these edge that benefits human life." erinary schoolwho is an outspoken advocateof groups intended to abolish all use ofanimals in As a national research university, Penn is using animals in laboratory research. (See en- research. Universities and their faculty mem- the site of many biomedical, behavioral, and closed news release titled, "Penn Researcher's bers have become frequent targets. (See en- other scientific research projects that utilize Work Advances Knowledge of Sleep Disor- closed* February 1990 article from laboratory animals. Last year the University ders." Washingtonian magazine, "Beyond Cruelty.") received more than $130 million in grants from After the ALF break-in to Dr. Morrison's America's research universities have histori- federal, state and private sources for biomedi- office, University President Sheldon Hackney cally been the most productive source of ad- cal research alone. The approximate $116 million and Provost Michael Aiken strongly denounced vances in our understanding of human health in funding that came to Penn from theNational the action. "We want to condemn inthe strong- and behavior," said Barry Cooperman, vice Institutes of Health (NIH) makes Penn the 9th est terms the attempt to silence and intimidate of NIH in the nation. Professor Adrian Morrison," they said. "Such * highest recipient grants The article enclosed with the press kit is (See enclosed news release titled "University tactics are abhorrent to all ofus who cherish a available from the News Bureau on request. of Pennsylvania Among Nation's Leading free society and our right to express our opin- Biomedical Research Universities." [page 81.) ions.'

Penn Researchers Cite Human Benefits in Defense of Animal Experimentation Their stories have formed a long litany of developmental stages ofrats leads to increased eventually to why something goes wrong and hope: the young child undergoing a new surgi- cravings for salt in adults. Epstein said his how to correct it, to cure or alleviate the cal procedure to remove a malignant tumor, the work will directly benefit humans suffering disease," Morrison said. 40-year-old father living and working with a from such diseases as high blood pressure. Morrison has said that basic biological transplanted heart, a woman able to attend her Methods for controlling salt cravings could research with animals is necessary but that the own college graduation because of successful lead to more effective treatments for other work must be humanely and competently per- chemotherapy treatments. addictive disorders, such as alcohol and drug formed. These medical miracles --and countless addiction, he said. "I relish the fact that my curiosity has fairly others from organ transplants to new pharma- Another researcher, Adrian Morrison, D.V.M, directly led to the alleviation of some human ceuticals --would have remained the musings Ph.D., an anatomy professor at Penn's School suffering. In spite of my three pet cats and of science fiction writers without the opportu- of Veterinary Medicine, has worked with cats general appreciation of animal needs, I still nity to test and refine scientific ideas on labo- to study sleep disorders. His research has led don't believe a rat or a cat is a child ora woman ratory animals, according to many in the re- directly to treatment for REM behavior disor- or a man," he said, reference to a statement search community at the University of Penn- der, in which people fail to lose muscle tone made by Ingrid Newkirk, a co-director of the sylvania and other institutions. during dreams (REM sleep) and thrash about, People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA). "There is simply no hope for the control and often in a violent and aggressive manner. This Newkirk has been quoted as saying: "I don't cure ofmajor disorders that plague us, such as disorder can now be controlled by medication. believe human beings have the 'right to life.' Alzheimer's disease, AIDS and addictions Morrison's work has also led to advances in That's a supremacist perversion. A rat is a pig without animal research. The necessary calcu- understandingdisorders such assleep apnea, in is adog is aboy." lations cannot be done in tissue cultures or in which patients stop breathing for many sec- Other Penn researchers have made use of humans," said Alan Epstein, a behavioral onds at a time throughout the night, sudden animal experiments to conduct preliminary neurobiologist at Penn's School of Medicine. infant death syndrome (SIDS) and epilepsy. trials of new treatments for diseases before Epstein's most recent research involves "Everything we learn about how animals testing on humans. studies that show deprivation ofsaltin the early work leads someone (usually not ourselves) Penn neurologist A.M. Rostami led a team

6 ALMANACFebruary 20,1990

of scientists who have developed a new treat- Ill for ment for multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease of Incurably Excerpts from Statements the central nervous system believed to be caused Animal Research (iiFAR) on theBurglary ofthe Office ofAdrianMor- by malfunctioning 1-cells (immunecells). The rison, School of Veterinary Medicine (full iiFar is a national grassroots organization new treatment, called extracorporeal photo- copies may be obtained from the Office of that seeks to educate the public about the pheresis, involves removal of blood from pa- News &Public Affairs, University Penn- crucial role laboratory animals play in medical tients with MS and treating 1-cells so that the of sylvania, 215-898-8721) science. Founded in the spring of 1985, iiFAR body's immune system recognizes the culprit has over 2500 members, many of whom suffer cells as foreign and destroys them. "These terrorist threats are designed to currently incurable diseases such as AIDS, The photopheresis technique was exten- intimidate him (Morrison) because of the Alzheimer's, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, sively tested on laboratory rats before its trial legitimate role he has taken in defense of multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, Park- on human patients this fall at the University of the ippiupiate useof animals in rescarck..Dr. inson's, among others. Pennsylvania Medical Center. Morrison, as a veterinarian, has been a Members share a conviction that they are Michael Zasloff, a at Penn's geneticist force behind the humane and ethical alive becauseof advances in medical and Medical School, discovered a new class of major today use of animals in biomedical research for technical research--possible only through animal antibiotics called Magainins through his ex- the benefit of both humans and animals...He research--thathave led doctorscloser to under- periments with Africanclawed frogs. Magain- is a world authority on the nature of sleep standing andtreating their diseases. A growing ins have been shown to have infection-fighting and on the brain mechanisms that underlie number of healthy adults have also joined to ability superior to commonly used antibiotics it. He discovered in his animal research the express support for medical research that might such as penicillin. of movement (REM), their children and grandchildren from TheFoundation forBiomedical Research, a phenomenon rapid eye spare or deep sleep without atonia. As a result, AIDS, heart disease, cancer and other deadly Washington, D.C.-based educational associa- this syndrome is now a recognized clinical illnesses. tion that monitors developments in the use of disorder in humans." In 1985 Rick Simpson, severely debilitated laboratory animals and collects statistical in- --Robert Barchi, M.D., Ph.D, Director, from sclerosis, was oneof 80 patients formationon theeffectsof animal research,the multiple Institute of Neurological Sciences who participated in an experimental drug ther- Foundation cites the following: --Alan N. M.D., Epstein, Professor of apy program that tested cyclosponne as an MS Without animal research Behavioral Neuroscience * treatment. Thedrug had shown positive results Polio wouldkill or cripple thousands of un- -James M. Sprague, Ph.D. in animal testsand although it was not found to vaccinated children and adults this year. Leidy Professor of Anatomy * cure MS, it seemed to slow the of 7,500 newborns who develop jaundice --Elliot Stellar, Ph.D., University Professor progression and sometimes effect a remission. each year would develop cerebral palsy, Physiological Psychology the disease now preventable through phototherapy. in after Simpson began treatment, PETA * Anatomy Shortly Most of the nation's 500,000 insulin-de- University of Pennsylvania picketed the university where the study was pendent diabetics wouldn't be insulin-de- conducted and called for an end to animal would be dead. pendent. They research. who directly experiences * of the 200,000 individuals who "Dr. Morrison's research on sleep in Simpson, Many the benefits of such research, called other benefitted from coronary bypass surgery cats has directly led to the identification of patients to discuss forming a pro-animal re- would not be alive. the human Rapid Eye Movement (REM) * The U.S. would 1.5 million search group. iiFAR was formed the next day. experience Sleep Behavior Disorder, a condition asso- cases of rubella, over 400 times the current ciated with prominent, often violent and annual incidence of the disease. motor behavior dream * 50 million Americans would be at risk of injurious, during Penn Researcher's Work (REM) this animal re- death from heart attack, stroke of kidney sleep. Importantly, Advances of failure from lack of medication to control search led directly to a safe and highly Knowledge on high blood pressure. effective treatment. In addition, his work Disorders * Sleep 100,000 arthritics who each year receive sleep and epilepsy in cats has extremely hip replacements would be confined to important clinical and therapeutic impilca- The office of Adrian R. Morrison, D.V.M., wheelchairs. tions for the millions of Americans suffer- Ph.D., professor of anatomy at the University * Without cataract more than a mil- surgery, ing from seizures ...lt is ironic that Dr. of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medi- lion this wouldlose vision in at people year Morrison's office was targeted, as not only cine, was broken into andvandalized sometime least one eye. * is he an internationally recognized researcher, during the period of January 12-14. A group Death would be a certainty for the 7,500 but he is also involved in programs called the Animal Liberation Frontclaimedre- desperately ill patients whoreceive kidney actively human treatment of research ani- for the break-in. transplants each year. assuring sponsibility Dr.Momson, head of the Laboratories of The Foundation also predicted the effects of mals." --Mark W. Mahowald, M.D., at Penn's School, con- halting or curtailing current animal research Anatomy Veterinary Director, Minnesota ducts disorder research cats. He is projects.They stated that without animal re- Regional sleep using Disorders Center search Sleep an authorityon the nature of sleep and the brain --Carlos H. Schenck. M.D., * New to con- mechanisms that underlie it, and has described surgical procedures repair Department of Psychiatry genital heart defects would have to be changes that take place in the brain during liennepin County Medical Center abandoned or tried for the first time on sleep. children. Hisresearch has ledto information that may * of that Developments techniques may help "The most recent criminal acts against yield insights into disorders such as sleep ap- restore function to paralyzed victims of office and Professor Adrian Morrison's per- nea, in which patients stop breathing for many spinal cord injuries would stop. * sonal files...are another heinous offense seconds at a time throughout the night, sudden The 30,000 young Americans with cystic against medicine and science by deluded infant death (SIDS) and epilepsy. fibrosis would have little hope of a normal syndrome individuals whose sole intent is to halt estimated 7,000-8,000 infants die each lifespan. An * medical The American Medical States from SIDS, The 250,000 people with multiple sclerosis progress. year in the United according terror- would lose the promise of new treatments Association considers those persons to theNational SIDS Foundation. Twohundred for the symptoms of this degenerative dis- ists whohavenoregard forhuman suffering of those deaths occur in Pennsylvania, while ease. and whose goal is the total elimination of 100 occur in the Philadelphia area. * of elec- Improvement hearing through biomedical research despite the cost to The Association of Professional Sleep So- tronic stimulation of the inner ear might society-,' cieties estimates that as many as 20 million neverbenefitanyofthe 17 millionhearing- --M. Schwartz, M.D., Roy people suffer from sleep apnea. Sleep apnea impaired Americans. Assistant Executive Vice President * for has been connected with heart disease, hyper- It would be too dangerous to test break- Medical Education and Science the for disease and strokes. through products such as artificial blood, tension, kidney American Medical Association for studies be- which shows promise ofsaving the lives of Cats are good models sleep critically injured accident victims. cause they undergothe same processes in REM

ALMANAC February 20,19907

sleep as dohumans. Cats also sleep frequently and for relatively long periods of time. Committee Ensures Humane Animal Use Policies Morrison's research has focused on under- The of Institu- In research proposals, the Com- the nature ofREM the of University Pennsylvania's evaluating standing sleep, phase tionalAnimal Care and Use Committee (LACUC) mittee follows the U.S. Government Principles sleep characterized by rapid eye movement. is to the Vice Provost for Research for the Utilization and Care ofVertebrate Ani- His studies have led to the and responsible discovery for oversight of all animal care and use at the mals Used in Testing, Research and Training, subsequent treatment methods for REM be- and reviews all research and train- as well as the National Institutes of Health a University, havior disorder, recognized clinical disorder animals. All such "Guide for the Care and Use of which fail to lose muscle tone in ing projects utilizing proj- Laboratory in people ects require Committee approval prior to ini- Animals." The Committee asks such questions REM sleep and thrash about, acting out their tiation. The Committee has the power to sus- as: Does the proposal call for the minimum dreams, often in an aggressive and dangerous if the circumstances warrant, re- number of animals for valid results? manner. The disorder can now be pend, any necessary controlled search animals. Have the researchers considered non-animal with medication. Morrison has also uncovered project involving The Committee has a total of 16 members alternatives, where possible? Is painordistress a similarly disorder in naturally-occurring pet appointed by the president of the University. avoided or alleviated by the proper useofanal- dogs and cats. include scientists, veterinari- anesthetics and sedatives? Are all Momson hasstudied the They physicians, gesics, per- aggressive aspects ans, technical staff in animal re- sonnel with animals of this violent behavior in cats, which could experienced working appropriately search and one or more non-scientists from qualified and trained? Will the animals receive lead to treatments for uncontrolled violent care? behavior that outside the University. The entire membership necessary veterinary can occur during waking states. meets twice to review research The adheres to the rules and Such treatments couldbe tohumans monthly pro- University applicable posals. In addition, the Committee inspects all regulations presented in the Federal Animal aswellas pet dogs andcats, whoare sometimes animal facilities semi-annually and makes rec- Welfare Act, which stipulates how research euthanized by their owners if they exhibit ommendations to the Vice Provost for neces- animals must be cared for.The law enforced behavior that is aggressive cannot be controlled. corrections or an administered Morrisons's studies into the nature ofREM sary improvements. through inspection program by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. sleep are also directed toward discovering a treatment for a disorder in narcolepsy, sleep Cares For Animals which those afflicted suddenly and without Program Laboratory warningenter into REM sleep, orinto a stateof The University Laboratory Animal Resource twice a year. paralysis without loss of consciousness. (ULAR) program is responsible for the care An attending veterinarian for each school Morrison received his veterinary degree and treatment of all laboratory animals used in directs the animal care and use program in that from Cornell University and a doctoral degree research at Penn. Specially trained veterinari- school and collaborates with faculty who use in anatomy from Penn. His research is being ans, technicians and technologists administer animals in their work. These veterinarians are funded through the National InstitutesofMental day-to-day care to the animals. specialists in laboratory animal medicine, oversee Health (NIMH), where he has received the More than 90 percent of animals used in all animal care and use, and have authority to MERIT award, a long-term grant awarded in research at Penn are rodents. Other animals discontinue any experiment in which they feel recognition of continued accomplishment. include rabbits, amphibians, domestic farm proper animal care and use is lacking. Morrison received a Guggenheim Fellow- animals, dogs and cats and non-human pri- ULAR spends approximately $1.6 million ship in 1984, and has served as a visiting pro- mates. each year on animal care. Researchers who are fessor at the Nencki Institute in Warsaw and at ULAR adheres to guidelines for the care approved to use animals pay daily charges that the University ofMexico. He is currently chair- and treatment of laboratory animals estab- cover the costs of housing, food, water, sanita- man ofthe committee on animals and research lished by the National Institutes of Health tion and otherservices. Since 1985, the Univer- ofthe Society for Neurosciences, and is secre- NH) and the U.S. Departmentof Agriculture. sity has spent nearly $18 million to renovate, tary general of the World Federation of Sleep On-site inspections from NIH can occur at any equip and build new animal laboratories and Disorders. time, while USDA inspections occur at least holding and care facilities.

University of Pennsylvania This PETA ad Blow The Whistle On Among Nation's Leading ran in The Daily Biomedical Research Pennsylvanian on Institutes 25. The cat Animal Abuse At Penn January The of re- here is not University Pennsylvania pictured ceived over $130 million in from an animal from grants federal, state and private sources for Penn research biomedical research during fiscal year laboratories. 1989. Please be advised The major portion of this funding, about million, came from the that photographs $116 PETA National Institutes of Health (NIH) of provided by the of Health and Human not Department may depict Services. This makesPenn the 9th high- Penn laboratory est recipient of NIH grants from among animals or more than 100 research institutions. facilities. The remaining funding, about $14 (Caiplion by the million, was received from other federal News Bureau] sources, including $1.5 million from the National Science Foundation, and grants from private foundations and industry. Thestateof Pennsylvania awarded Penn $3 million for biomedical research dur- ing this period.

8 ALMANACFebruary 20,1990

The following paperwas delivered by Dr. Morrison at a Symposium on "The Use ofAnimals inBiomedical Research" at the Convention oftheAmerican Association for the Advancement ofScience in New Orleans, February 18,1990.

The Importance of Animals for Basic Biomedical Research Dr. Adrian R. Morrison

Theneed to discuss the importance ofbasic biological research using else has already reported. Often, of course, such replications are per- animals today is real, ifludicrous. Although the study oflife obviously formed with the benefit ofnewly developed, more powerful techniques requires the living, in today's climate of vigorous--and vicious-- or new insights. animal rights activism, biologists and medical scientists are being Another problem is a lack of appreciation of what really motivates forced toanunusual degree to defendnot only theirresearch with living scientists. H. L. Mencken described it one way in apiece entitled "The animals, but even their use of dead animals for teaching. Things have Scientist," originally published in 1919: "The value the world sets upon even come to such a pass that the small animal clinic at my own motives is often grossly unjust and inaccurate. Consider, for example, veterinary school can no longer obtain blood to treat sick dogs and cats two of them: mere insatiable curiosity and the desire to do good. The from animals beingeuthanized at alocal shelter, thanks to the efforts of latter is put high above the former, and yet it is the former that moves animal rights activists. one of the most useful men the human race has yet produced: the Inthis paper, Ifirstwish to offermy thoughtsonreasons why we must scientific investigator. What actually urges him on is not some brum- be here today. Then,! shall discuss the nature of basic research. I shall magem idea of Service, but a boundless, almost pathological thirst to next describe a trap we have been led into in trying to defend ourselves penetrate the unknown, to uncover the secret, to find out what has not and shall conclude with an example from my own work that will been foundoutbefore. His prototype isnotthe liberator releasing slaves, illustrate some of my arguments. thegood Samaritan lifting up the fallen, but a dog sniffing tremendously Why istheanimal rights movement, onthe surface at least, so strong at an infinite series of rat-holes." As he often did, Mencken overstated today? [Isay "on the surface" because when polled ontheir support for the case. We scientists do rejoice at the thought that we contribute to using animals in biomedical research most Americans vote affirma- societal welfare; nevertheless, we are insatiably curious. I argue, tively.] I believe that the reasons are: first, that animal rights activists, though, that our curiosity has immensely benefitted both animals and even physicians and veterinarians amongthem, are willing tolieor stage humans. photographs or doctor videotapes to promote their cause; secondly, the Doing science is not the well-structured process that we were taught mediahasbeen willing to present this news uncritically for its sensation- about in our ninth-grade general science classes. The truly innovative alism;and thirdly, ascientifically untrained Congress andpublicbelieve science is much more intuitive; it involves alot of creativity. The what they hear and see most often--the distortions presented by the scientist is much closer to the artist than most realize. A scientific animal rights activists. experiment requires planning as does the creation of a sculpture from The last is the real problem in my opinion. It is the compassionate, marble; but, as is the case with art, it also must proceed reasonably but untrained public who react to the distortions depicted in the media unfettered. It is our difficult task as scientists, then, to convince the by contributing to the coffers of the activists and writing the letters to public that allowingus to nose around "an infinite series ofrat-holes" is public officials at their behest. These well-meaning people must be appropriate, even ifit means the useand deathsof animalsand that many assured that basic biological research is both necessary and humanely of those "rat-holes" will contain no reward. and competently performed. It is not Peter Singer's oft-touted book, The "rat-holes" in Meneken 'ssomewhat inelegant metaphor are, of AnimalLiberasion, that has harmed us most; that book merely provided course, the hypotheses that a scientist proposes to explain various a rallying point for the activists willing to say, "arat is apig is adog is natural phenomena. They are not trivial; for no intelligent, expensively aboy" or "six million Jews died in concentration camps, but six billion trained individual wishes to devote his life to the inconsequential. It is broiler chickens will die this year in slaughterhouses." How many silly to believe so--as the animal rights activists would like the public rational and honest Americans doyou think would accept those beliefs? to think. Even ifnot trivial, though, an hypothesis may well turn out to However, the activists' other claims of routine torture in laboratories be wrong. Indeed, that is the fate of a great many (most, probably) and the media's acceptanceofthose claimshave convinced too many of hypotheses; but it is just as important to learn what is not so as it is to the citizenry that there may be too much shoddy, unnecessary research know what is true. causing too many animals to suffer needlessly, even ifthe activists have Even if correct, the hypothesis is very unlikely to lead to an not convinced the public that a rat is equal to a boy. immediate cure or even understanding of a disease. But everything we Why has the public been soeasily duped? Well, viewing photographs learn about how animals work eventually leads someone (usually not orvideotapes of surgical procedures or the results ofotherexperimental ourselves) to why something goes wrong in the body and how to correct procedures (or diseases in humans for that matter) is disturbing to non- it, to cure oralleviate the disease. Dr. LewisThomas, President Emeritus medically trained individuals anyway; but when the photographs are of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Institute stated this very well staged orthe videotapes are trickily edited as the activists have done, the in The Lives ofa Cell. He wrote, "Everyone forgets how long and hard public can easily be revolted and turned against us. Even accurate (a the work must be before the really important applications become rarity in the activists' literature) written descriptions of experimental applicable. The greatcontemporary achievement of modern medicine procedures are not pleasant to the general reader, but neither are is the technology for controlling and preventing bacterial infection, but descriptions of naturally occurring disease or injury processes in hu- this did not fall into our laps with the appearance of penicillin and the mans or animals. A choice must be made by society though. Do we sulfonamides. It had its beginnings in the final quarter of the last continue seeking to understand through experimentation or do we century, and decades of the most painstaking and demanding research acquiesce to the whims of Nature? were required before the etiology ofpneumonia, scarlet fever, meningi- A majorproblem is that the public really doesnothave much training tis, and the rest could be worked out. Generations of energetic and inscience, let aloneunderstanding ofhow scientists work. Forexample, imaginative investigators exhausted their whole lives on the problem. It if one does not understand why replication of earlier experiments by overlooks a staggering amount of basic research to say that modern others is desirable to verify the generality of the conclusions, it is easy medicine began with the era of antibiotics." to be misled into believing that a piece of research is "redundant," that This brings me to the trap I referred to earlier, one that the animal a researcher has wasted animal lives by doing something that someone rights activists gleefully spring at every opportunity. When a scientist

ALMANAC February 20, 1990 9

has been attacked andthedefamations begin to mount, those colleagues many minutes at a stretch because thespinal nervecells causing the body familiar withhis work will quickly (one hopes!) leap to his defense and musculature to contract are inactivated. Fortunately, the heart and correctly referto therelevance ofhis findings to aparticularmalady. We diaphragm muscles keep contracting. have been conditioned to think this way, of course, by many years of Remarkably, the paralysis ofREM sleep can be eliminated by asmall writing grant applications that demand a statement of relevance to a amount of damage in a particular part of the lower brain, the pons. medical problem. Our statements are true, of course, but most often in Following experimentally placed lesions, cats will engage in very the sense described by Lewis Thomas. The activists have not read elaborate behaviors, including walking and predatory-like attack, whenever Thomas or would gladly ignore him if they did; for theirresponse is to they enterREM sleep. Ourwork and that of Professor Jouvetof France, trot out a captive physician with the requisite medical specialty, who is the initial discoverer of REM sleep without paralysis, has recently led willing to ignore that he took the Oath of Hippocrates to do no harm to Drs. Schenk and Mahowald in Minneapolis to recognize a similar his patients and state that the scientist's work has no immediate syndrome in humans called REM Behavior Disorder. Among other application and, therefore, no worth. There is actually a society com- things, it had to be distinguished from epilepsy or psychotic episodes. posedofsuch "physicians!" Our task as biomedical scientists is obvious Humans, usually older men, act out their dreams, frequently injuring butnot easy. We simply must state over andover again in various ways themselves or their bed partner. Fortunately, medication will prevent and in different forums the essential truth expressed by Thomas. We such episodes. We have, incidently, discovered a similar syndrome in should be willing to state boldly that creative basic research with no pet dogs and cats that we have published in the JournaloftheAmerican immediately perceivedbenefit isproperand,indeed, necessary and state Veterinary Medical Association. that the history of medicine is on our side. Thepoint! wish to make is that we stumbled on REM sleep without Let me finish myremarks by trying togive them a concreteness with paralysis because Jouvct had initially thought he had eliminated REM an example from my own work on the neurophysiology of sleep. It is sleep by damaging the pons. We wished to replicate that finding and an example of basic work that played a major role in leading to the then to studycertain aspects of"REM-less" cats. We soon realized that recognition of a dangerous and debilitating sleep disorder. What is what Jouvet had really done was to create the condition of REM sleep relevant here, though, is that the experiments I performed were initiated without paralysis, not recognizing at the time the true import of his with a different purpose entirely. discovery, perfectly reasonable when one is at the frontier of a new I study a fascinating phenomenon: rapid eye movement (REM) research area. Thus,REM Behavior Disorderwas eventually discovered sleep, the phase of sleep when wedream and one of the great mysteries because I was intitially intrigued by the ideaof doing away with REM oftoday. All mammals have REM sleep. I use cats because their sleep sleep and studying the consequences for cat behavior, at the timejust an is like that ofhumans; there is avast amount ofinformation available on interesting "rat-hole." the functioning of their nervous systems; and we must explore even Ido wish to end, however, by noting that even though! firmly believe single nerve cells deep within the brain to understand its workings in I am best left to sniff freely but responsibly at any rat-hole striking my sleep, something obviously not readily done in humans. My particular fancy,! still relish the fact that mycuriosity has fairly directly ledto the interest is understanding how the muscle paralysis that accompanies alleviation of some human suffering. Furthermore, in spite ofmy three REM sleep is generated. Each time we sleep, we humans and our pet pet cats and general appreciation of animal needs, I could never believe dogs and cats are paralyzed during each of several REM periods for a rat or a cat is a child or a woman or a man.

Nassau Fund Awards: Twenty Winners in 1990

The Nassau Fund Faculty Advisory Committee and the Coun- Base for Paleoclimatologic Interpretation: Recognition and Lo- cil of Undergraduate Deans have completed their selections for cation of Fossil-Spring Travertine Using Satellite Images of the the 1989-1990 Nassau Fund. Kharga Oasis, Western Desert, Egypt." Thisyear,forty-nine proposals were reviewed bytheCommit- Matthew H. Olins, "The Study of the Development ofPoco- tee and forwarded to the Council of Undergraduate Deans. The mania and Myalism in Jamaica." Council approved for funding twenty proposals. They are as Marianne P. Pavlovitz, "A Comparative Analysis of the Care follows: of Elderly with Hip Fractures Insured by Either Medicare, Eva C. Beyer, "The Effects of to Lethal Mediaid or Private Health Insurance." Exposure Tempera- Ratnarathorn, TransfectedCellLines with tures on Egg Survivorship and Development Ratein Two Species Mondhipa "Stably of Lizards, merriami and Urosaurus ornatus." Specific Thyroid Hormone Receptors." Sceloporus Andrea Stern, "Efficient and Food to the Su-Yin Bundgaard, "Eduard Steichen: His Contribution to the Equitable Needy." Idea of Tonalism and the Relevant ofHis Tom Iran, "Analysis of Fiber Sensor in Degraded MotorOil." Comparison Photogra- Tuttle, "The ofCredit in France in the phy to Painting." Courtney Development George T. Chou, "Active Stereovision." Nineteenth Century." Katherine in Shikokho: The Jacob K. Cogan, "Petitioning in Early America: An Insight Whitney, "Drinking Photographic into the Development ofPolitical Behavior in Four States, 1750- Context." 1800." Joseph A. Yanez, "PlztviaSpray Pyrolysis." Lichuan Fang, "Control of Phrenic Motor Neurons and So- ChristopherYoo and David Elfenbein, "The Purification and Characterization of RNA Activ- matic MotorNeurons Mediated byDifferences inReceptor Dis- Duplex Unwinding/Modifying tributions." ity." Adam D. Zoia, "The Borderlands as Vis a Vis the Angela S. Glisan, "Chemical Analysis of Components In- Policy volved in Primate Scent Communication: Steroids and Protein- Soviet Economy and the Ethnic Question." Bound Odorants." The funding distribution is as follows: fourteen proposals Michael S. Hanson, "ThePolitical EconomyofState Budget- from the College of Arts and Sciences; three proposals from the ary Policies." School of Engineering and Applied Science; two proposals from Christopher S. Law, "The Effects ofProtease Inhibitors on the the Wharton School and one proposal from the School ofNursing. Expression of Specific Oncogenes in Radiation Transformed Unfortunately, twenty-nine proposals were not able to be funded. Cells and the Hamster Cheek Pouch." -- Doris Gonzales, Office of the VPUL Mary M. McManus, "The Cognitive Development Represen- tational Systems." Kathleen Nicoll, "Analysis of Inactive Spring Deposits as a

10 ALMANACFebruary 20,1990

COUNCIL

To the University Community: Volunteers Needed for Committee Service

Dear Colleague: Once again the Committee on Committees Committees and Their Work beginsits work with an invitation to the faculty of a bookstore and advises and administrative staff to nominate them- Book Store Committee considers the purposes university the director on and selves for service on University committees. policies, developments, operations. We will bespending most ofthe spring term Communications Committee has cognizance over the University's communica- assembling lists of prospective members who tions and public relations activities. are most interested in and most qualified for Relations Committee advises on the of the University to service on the 14 committees listed here. Community relationship key the surrounding community. They are the advisory bodies that will help shape academic/administrative policy, admini- 'Disability Board continually evaluates the disability plan, monitors its operation, ster certain all-University projects, such as and oversees the processing ofapplications for benefits and thereview of existing dis- honorary degrees and long-termdisability, and ability cases. assist such as the Book Store and operations, Facilties Committee keeps under review the planning and operation ofthe Univer- Libraries, to be of greater service to the cam- sity's physical plant and all associated services. PUS- Tomake ourcommittees effective weneed 'Honorary Degrees Committee does most of its work, intensively, during the fall solicits for from and students and to consider the largest possible pool of candi- term; recommendations honorary degrees faculty dates withthebroadest rangeofexperience and submits nominations to the Trustees. viewpoints. We encourage faculty and staff 'International Programs Committee is advisory to the director of international pro- who have not to previously participated volun- grams in such areas as international student services, foreign fellowships and studies teer sothat wecan have an appropriate blendof abroad, exchange programs, and cooperative undertakings with foreign universities. new ideas and experience. Committee is to the director of libraries on Before submitting your name you may wish Library advisory policies, development and to have a better understanding of the work operations. being done by aparticular committee. One way Personnel Benefits Committee deals with the benefits programs for all University toobtain such information is by reviewing the personnel. Special expertise in personnel, insurance, taxes or law is often helpful. committee reports which have been published ofall in Almanac Recreation andIntercollegiate AthleticsCommittee has cognizance programs (see November 29, 1988 issue). and athletics; advises the ath- where noted, all of the committees in recreation, intramural and clubsports, intercollegiate Except letic director on and recommends in when listed here are open to both faculty and staff. operations changes policy appropriate. We plan to submit our recommended commit- Safety and Security Committee considers and recommends the means to improve tee member lists to the Steering Committee in safety and security on the campus. In order that we meet this deadline May. may Student Affairs Committee has cognizance of the conditions and rules of under- we ask to make nominations you your by graduate and graduate student life on campus. February 23. Student Awards Committeeevaluates from sen- The 1990 Committee on Committees Fulbright applications graduating iors and graduate students and makes recommendations to the Institute of Interna- Sol H. Goodgal (microbiology/med) tional Education, which awards on behalf of the State Laura L. Fulbright grants Department; Hayman (nursing) all of its work is done, intensively, in October. John A. Lepore (civil systems/engr) Vicki Mahaffey (English), chair Undergraduate Admissions and Financial Aid Committee has cognizance over Ann E. Mayer (legal studies) undergraduate recruiting, admissions, and financial aid matters that concern the Uni- Susan Moss (Col'9l) versity as a whole but are not the specific responsibility of individual faculties. Russell Muth (neurol/med--A-3 Assembly) Almarin Phillips (chair-elect, Faculty Senate) * C. Eli Pringle (GAS) Open to faculty only. One or more administrators serve as liaison to most of thesecommittees. Joyce M. Randolph (international programs) Jack E. Reece (history)

Mail to: Committee on Committees, Office of the Secretary, 121 College Hall/6382

Committee Committee

Candidate Candidate

Titleor Position Title or Position

Address Campus Campus Address

Committee Committee

Candidate Candidate

Titleor Position Titleor Position

Campus Address Campus Address

ALMANAC February 20,199011

FITNESS AND LEARNING Wiesbaden Cathedral; 12:05-12:35 p.m., Irvine Audi- torium (Curtis Organ Restoration Society). 2lSeIf.Defense Clinics; Loren Lalli; noon-I p.m., Smith-Penniman Room, 2nd floor, Houston Hall. 22 Bases Loaded!; Penn Glee Club's 128th annual Alumni show on the Update Registration: Ext. 8-4481 (Public Safety and Victim production; Society sponsored FEBRUARY AT PENN 23rd; 8p.m., Zellerbach Theatre. Information: Ext. 8- Support and Security Services). Also February 22. 6791 (Penn Glee Club) Through February 24. CONFERENCES 27 Howto GettheMost Outofthe Librar- University 24 Mask and Show; 1 Club- ies; 10 a.m.-noon, Room 502, East Wing, Van Pelt Wig family day; p.m., 23 Women in Scholarship: There Are No Limits; house, 310 S. Quince Street. Reservations and infor- Library. Registration: Ext. 8-7091. seventh annual national graduate women's studies mation: Ext. 8-7811 (Alumni Relations). conference; 5 Hall. To Registration p.m., Myerson MUSIC 25 GreatBlackMusic:Ancienttothe Future;TheArt register call, 222-7776 (Women's Studies Program). Ensemble of Chicago; 8 p.m., Annenberg Center. Through February 25. 21 Recital; Hans Uwe Hielscher, Organ organist, Tickets: Ext. 8-6791 (Relache, Annenberg Center). ON STAGE Department of Public Safety This contains tallies of 24 Salon De Lo Mer, Featuring: The Well of report part 1 crimes, a listing of part 1 crimes against persons, and Hominess; Christian Association Auditorium. summaries of 1 crime in the live busiest sectors on where two or more incidents were 9p.m., part campus Reservations: Ext. 8-6791 Women's Theatre between 12, 1990, and 18, 1990. (The reported February February Festival At Penn). Total; Crimes Persons-2, Thefts-30, Against Burglaries-1, 25 On The Road at Penn: A Black Attempted Thefts of Auto-1, Thefts of Auto-1. Gender-Bending Woman's Perspective; Anna Deavere Smith; 8 p.m., Date Time ReportedLocation Incident Room 17, Logan Hall. Reservations: Ext. 8-6791 (The Women's Theatre Festival At Penn). Crimes Against Persons: 02/13/90 6:00 PMLot 13 Cash taken from attendant, suspect tied TALKS 02/14/90 12:36 PM3700-blk Walnut Person attacked, jaw broken/mate fled 34th to 36th; Locust to Walnut 21 The Penn Tutoring Center... Here and Now; Rhonda Frederick, assistant director, Penn Tutoring 02112/90 3:49 PMVan Pelt Library Unattended wallet & contents 02/13/90 6:36 PMVan Pelt Unattended wallet & contents Center; 7p.m., Kings Court/English House, Informa- Library tion: 3-7277 House). 02/13/90 10:02 PMVan Pelt Library Unattended wallet & contents (Kings Court/English 02/13/90 11 3 PMVan Pelt Unattended wallet & contents Library 22Oral Tradition in Work, Ritual and Play: Ex- 02/15/90 9:00 PMVan Pelt Unattended wallet & contents Library amples from Uganda; Zebiya Rigby; 10:45 a.m., 02/17/90 4:26 PMVan Pelt Unattended wallet & contents Library Classroom 11, University Museum. Reservations and 34th to 36th; Spruce to Locust information: Ext. 8-9092 (Membership Office and the 02/12/90 2:47 PMHouston Hall Metal ladder taken Women's Committee of the University Museum). 02/12/90 9:11 PMHouston Hall Unattended taken purse 23 Intercellular CommunicationMediated VIP in 02/13/90 4:41 PMHouston Hall Unattended recorder taken by tape the Cerebral Cortex; Pierre of 02/14/90 7:46 PM200-blk 36th Purse tkn/recovrdJactor fled Magistretti, University Lausanne Medical School; II 02/15/90 3:06 PMHouston Hall Cash tkn fir unattended coat am., Pharmacology Seminar Room, Mezzanine Suite 100-101, John Mor- 37th to 38th; to Locust Spruce gan Building (Department of Pharmacology). 02/12/90 3:12 PMMcNeil Building Unattended wallet taken Hormonal and Developmental Regulation of SP-A 02/13190 4:33 PMVance Halt Unattended wallet taken Gene Expression in FetalLung; Carole Mendelsohn, 02114/90 12:33 PM Hall Vance Unattended wallet taken biochemistry and ob/gyn, UT Health Science Center, 02/16/90 3:12 PMMcNeil Unattended wallet taken Building Dallas; 12:15 p.m., Semi naT Room, ground level, John 02/16/90 10:41 PMMcNeil Unattended wallet taken Building Morgan Building (Institute for Environmental Med). 36th to 37th; Spruce to Locust Towards the "Complex Universe": Breaking Out of 02/15/90 4:35 PMSteinbrg/Dietrich Unattended backpack taken the Closed Systems Paradigm in JR Theory; Joydecp 02/16/90 11:34 PMSteinbrglDietnch Unattended wallet taken Bhattacharya, political science; 3 p.m., Anspach 02/15/90 4:35 PMSteinbrglDietnch Wallet taken from backpack Lounge, 1st floor, Stiteler Hall (Departments of Politi- 37th to 38th; Locust to Walnut cal Science and International Relations).

02/13/90 2:12 PMBookstore Unattended bag It atop lkrs 26 You andYour Aging Skin; Nancy Reilly of surgi- 02113/90 3:35 PMBookstore Unattended backpack it atop lkrs cal nursing; 12:30-1:30 p.m., Ralston-Penn Center, 02/14/90 12:36 PM3700-blk Walnut See crimes against person entry 3615 Chestnut. Reservations: 662-2746 (Center for Safety Tip: Engrave allot your valuables with your own identifying number to deter burglars and help Study of Aging and Research & Training, Center for return property if stolen. Most burglars will pass up taking your valuables if they know you have them Rehabilitation of Elderly Disabled Individuals). engraved. Valuables are difficult to sell or engraved pawn. 27 "Islamic" Reason. "Western" Reason: A Critical Evaluation; Mohammed Arkoun, University of Paris (Sorbonne); 5p.m., Lower Egyptian Gallery, Univer- sity Museum (Leon Lecture Series, School of Arts and 18th Police District Sciences and Middle East Center). River to 49th Street, Market Schuytkill Street to Woodland Avenue Swim..Don't Sink! Exam Preparation; Sue New- Reported crimes against persons from 12:01 AM February 5, 1990 to February 11, 1990. man, director, URIS: 7 Total: 17 Incidents, 1 p.m., Kings Court/English Arrest House. Information: Ext. 3-7277. Date TimeLocation Offense/WeaponArrest 02/07/90 12:35 PM 4618 Chester Robbery/strong-arm N 0 02/07/90 6:51 PM 110S.42 Robbery/knife No 02/07/90 8:07 PM 4514 Locust Robbery/knife Yes 02/08/90 1:55 AM 4400 Baltimore Robbery/gun No 3601 Walk PA 19104.6224 02/08/90 4:02 PM 4857 Chestnut No Locust Philadelphia Robbery/shotgun 898-5274 or 5275 FAX 898-9137 02109/90 1:51 AM 4314 Locust N o (215) Robbery/strong-arm E-mail ALMANAC@A1 QUAKER 02/09/90 10:41 AM 4600 Hazel Robbery/strong-arm N 0 02/10/90 12:52 AM 4251 Sansom Robbery/strong-arm N o EDITOR Karen C. Gaines 02/10/90 3:51 AM 206S.46 Robbery/gun No ASSOCIATE EDITOR Marguerite F. Miller 02/10/90 3:51 AM 206S.46 EDITORIAL ASSISTANT Aim Morris Robbery/gun No Margaret STUDENT ASSISTANTS M. V. 02/10/90 3:51 AM 206S.46 N o Ashley Dupuy. Jung Robbery/gun Sarah Kim, Melissa J. Musidi, 02/10/90 3:51 AM 206S.46 N 0 Robbery/gun Phuong Nguyen,William 02110/90 5:30 PM 4800 Woodland Robbery/strong-arm No Shraga, Lynn L. Westwater 02/10/90 1000 PM 4201 Walnut No Robbery/gun ALMANAC ADVISORY BOARD: For the Faculty Senate. June 02/10/90 11:06 PM 1210S.45 Robbery/knife No Axinn. RE. Davies,Charles D. Graham (Chair), Almann Philips, 02/10/90 1125 PM 3900 Lorraine Tulman and Vukan R. Vuchic; for the Sansom Robbery/strong-arm N o Administration. William Epstein;for StaffAssemblies. Deverie Pierce (Al). Irma Feldman(Librarians), Joseph Kane (A.3).

12ALMANACFebruary 20,1990