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Home , 111 BC, 202 BC, 260 BC, Battle of Beijing (1644), Battle of Canton (1857), Battle of Fuzhou

at War – From Ancient times to the Modern Day

Ancient China

Year(s) Event Brief description 26th Battle of

century BC Banquan The Yellow Emperor defeats the Emperor. 26th The Yellow Emperor defeats Chi You and

century BC Battle of Zhuolu establishes the Chinese civilisation. Battle of The dynasty is overthrown and replaced by the

1675 BC Mingtiao . The Shang dynasty is overthrown and replaced by

1046 BC Battle of Muye the . The dynasty is defeated by the

707 BC Battle of Xuge vassal Zheng state. Battle of

684 BC Changshao The Lu state defeats the state Battle of

632 BC Chengpu The Jin state defeats the state.

627BC Battle of Xiao The Jin defeates .

595 BC Battle of Bi The Chu state defeats the Jin state.

588 BC Battle of An The Jin state defeats the Qi state.

575 BC Battle of Yanling The Jin state defeats the Chu state.

506 BC Battle of Boju The state defeats the Chu state. 4th –Yan

century BC War The Yan state defeats the Gojoseon kingdom.

494 BC Battle of Fujiao The Wu state defeats the state.

478 BC Battle of Lize The Yue state defeats the Wu state. The state defeats the Zhi state. Leads to the

453 BC Battle of Jinyang Partition of Jin. 353 BC Battle of Guiling The Qi state defeats the state.

342 BC Battle of Maling The Qi state defeats the Wei state. Battle of

341 BC Guailing

293 BC Battle of Yique The Qin state defeats the Wei and Han states.

269 BC Battle of Yanyu Battle of

260 BC Changping The Qin state defeats the Zhao state. 259 – 257 Battle of The allied forces of Zhao, Wei and Chu defeats the

BC Handan Qin. The Qin state conquers the six other states 230–221 Qin’s wars of in China and unifies the country under the Qin

BC unification dynasty.

Imperial China

Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) Year(s) Event Brief description Qin’s campaign against Qin forces defeat the in the Ordos

215 BC the Xiongnu Desert. Qin’s campaign against Qin forces defeat and conquer the Yue tribes in

214 BC the Yue tribes southern China and northern . Sheng and lead a rebellion

209 BC Dazexiang Uprising against the . A rebel coalition led by defeats

207 BC Battle of Julu Qin forces.

Chu-Han Contention (206–202 BC) Year(s) Event Brief description 206 – 202 Chu-Han

BC Contention Han defeats Chu and its allies and unifies China. Battle of

205 BC Pengcheng Western Chu defeats Han. Battle of

205 BC

205 BC Battle of Jingxing Han defeats the Zhao state. Battle of Wei

203 BC River Han defeats Western Chu and the Qi state. Han defeats Western Chu and unifies China under

202 BC Battle of Gaixia the .

Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD) Year(s) Event Brief description 2nd Southward expansion The Han dynasty expands its boundaries

century BC of the Han dynasty into southern China and .

200 BC Battle of Baideng The Xiongnu defeat Han forces. Rebellion of the Seven The Han central government suppresses a

154 BC States revolt led by seven princes. 138 BC The Han dynasty conquers the and 111 Han campaigns region (around present-day southeastern

BC against Minyue China). 133 BC – Overall victory for Han forces over the

89 AD Han–Xiongnu War Xiongnu. Inconclusive battle between the Xiongnu and

133 BC Battle of Mayi Han forces.

119 BC Battle of Mobei Han forces defeat the Xiongnu. The Han dynasty defeats the kingdom,led to the First Chinese domination

111 BC Han–Nanyue War of Vietnam. Han campaigns The Han dynasty conquers the Dian region

109 BC against Dian (around present-day ). Han defeats Gojoseon. Gojoseon kingdom

109 BC Gojoseon–Han War collapses.

99 BC Battle of Shan The Xiongnu defeat Han forces.

89 AD Battle of Ikh Bayan Han forces defeat the Xiongnu.

73 AD Battle of Yiwulu Han forces defeat the Xiongnu.

67 BC Battle of Jushi Han forces defeat the Xiongnu.

36 BC Battle of Zhizhi Han forces defeat the Xiongnu. Liu Xiu overthrows the and restores the Han dynasty (as the Eastern

23 AD Battle of Kunyang Han dynasty). Han suppression of Han forces strikes down the Trung sisters’ the Trung sisters’ rebellion,led to the Second Chinese

43 AD rebellion domination of Vietnam. 184–205 Yellow Turban

AD Rebellion Han forces defeat the Yellow Turban rebels. Campaign against The Guandong Coalition attacks Dong Zhuo.

190–191 Dong Zhuo No conclusive results.

190 Battle of Xingyang

191 Battle of Jieqiao Shao defeats Gongsun Zan. Sun Jian is killed in action against ‘s

191 Battle of forces. defeats Lü Bu and takes back his

194–195 Battle of Yan Province territories in Yan Province. Sun Ce conquers many territories in Sun Ce’s conquests in Jiangdong (southeastern China) and lays the

194–199 Jiangdong foundation of Eastern Wu. War between Cao Cao Xiu surrenders to Cao Cao after they

197–199 and Zhang Xiu fought three battles between 197 and 199. Cao Cao and defeat Lü Bu. Lü Bu is

198 Battle of Xiapi executed after his capture. Yuan Shao defeats Gongsun Zan. Gongsun

199 Battle of Yijing Zan commits suicide. Campaign against

197–199 Yuan Han forces defeat Yuan Shu.

200 Battle of Guandu Cao Cao defeats Yuan Shao. Cao Cao attacks Yuan Shao’s heirs and allies Cao Cao’s campaigns in northern China and unifies the region 200–207 in northern China under his control. Liu Bei defeats Cao Cao’s general

202 Battle of Bowang and then retreats.

204 Battle of

208 Battle of Xiakou defeats .

208 Battle of Changban Cao Cao’s forces defeat Liu Bei. 208 Battle of Red Cliffs Sun Quan and Liu Bei defeat Cao Cao. The allied forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei

209 Battle of Jiangling defeat Cao Cao’s general . Cao Cao defeats a coalition of northwestern

211 Battle of Tong Pass led by Chao and Han Sui. Liu Bei’s takeover of Yi Liu Bei seizes control of Yi Province from Liu

212–215 Province Zhang. Cao Cao’s general defeats Sun

214–215 Battle of Xiaoyao Ford Quan’s forces. Cao Cao takes control of Hanzhong

215 Battle of Yangping from . The forces of Cao Cao and Sun Quan clash at

217 Battle of Ruxu Ruxu with no conclusive results. Liu Bei seizes control of Hanzhong

217–219 Hanzhong Campaign commandery from Cao Cao. Cao Cao’s forces successfully hold off a

219 Battle of Fancheng on Fancheng by Liu Bei’s general . Sun Quan’s forces capture Liu Bei’s Lü Meng’s of territories in Jing Province. Liu Bei’s general

219 Jing Province Guan Yu is captured and executed.

Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD) Year(s) Event Brief description 221– Battle of Xiaoting / 222 Battle of Yiling Wu defeats Shu. 222– ’s of

225 Eastern Wu Wei attacks Wu three times.

224 Incident at Guangling ’s Shu pacifies its southern borders and compels

225 Southern Campaign the tribes into submission. 227– Wei general suppresses a revolt by Meng

228 Xincheng Rebellion Da. Zhuge Liang’s Shu chancellor Zhuge Liang leads six campaigns 228– Northern to attack Wei but makes no significant territorial

234 Expeditions gains.

228 Battle of Shiting Wu defeats Wei. 228 Battle of Jieting Wei defeats Shu. Battle of Wuzhang Shu chancellor Zhuge Liang dies during a

234 Plains stalemate. Shu forces retreat. Sima Yi’s Liaodong Wei general Sima Yi suppresses a revolt by

238 campaign Gongsun Yuan in Liaodong (northeastern China).

244 Battle of Xingshi Shu repels a Wei invasion. 244–

245 –Wei War Wei defeats Goguryeo. Shu general leads nine campaigns to 247– Jiang Wei’s Northern attack Wei but makes no significant territorial

262 Expeditions gains. 251– Three Rebellions in Wei suppresses three consecutive revolts in

258 Shouchun Shouchun.

252 Battle of Dongxing Wu defeats Wei. Conquest of Shu by

263 Wei Wei conquers Shu.

Jin dynasty (265–420), the Southern Dynasties (420–587), the (304–439) and the Northern Dynasties (386–581) Year(s) Event Brief description The conquers Eastern Wu and

280 Conquest of Wu by Jin unifies China under its control. War of the Eight

291–306 Princes Eight Jin princes start a civil war. The Wu Hu tribes overthrow the (Western) Jin dynasty. The Jin dynasty is reestablished

304–316 Wu Hu uprising as the Eastern Jin dynasty. 305 –

307 Chen Min’s rebellion

311 Disaster of Yongjia 311 –

315 ’s Uprising

313 Zu Ti’s expedition Jin forces led by Zu Ti defeats Later Zhao.

314 Battle of Youzhou

316 Battle of Chang’an 319 Battle of Junyi Jin forces led by Zu Ti defeats Later Zhao.

319 Battle of Jin’s expedition against

328

328 Battle of

346 Jin- war Jin Dynasty defeats Cheng Han. 350 –

352 Battle of Xiangguo Ran Wei defeats Jie and other . Former Yan-Ran Wei

351 war Former Yan defeats Ran Wei. ’s Jin general Huan Wen attempts to reclaim

354–369 expeditions territories in northern China.

354 Battle of Lukou

355 Battle of Guanggu

361 Battle of Yewang Former Qin and Former Yan defeat Jin

369 Battle of Fangtou Dynasty. Conquest of Former

369 Yan by Former Qin Conquest of by

376 Former Qin

383 Battle of Fei River The Eastern Jin dynasty defeats Former Qin. Lyu Guang‘s 383 expedition to Qiuci

387 Battle of Liangzhou

389 Battle of Dajie Battle of Xincheng

390 Town ‘s campaign against Liu 390 Weichen Lyu Guang‘s expedition against 392 Conquest of Western

393 Yan by Later Yan

395 Battle of Canhe Slope Northern Wei defeats Later Yan. Northern Wei defeated Later Yan, but then

397 Battle of Bosi retreated due to internal struggles. 399 – Rebellion of Sun En

411 and

404 Battle of Fuzhoushan

404 Liu Yu- war Jin general Liu Yu reclaims territories in northern China and establishes the Liu Song

409–416 Liu Yu’s expeditions dynasty.

416 Conquest of

422 Battle of A battle between Liu Song and Northern Wei Liu Song’s war against

426 Xie Hui Xie Hui was captured. Western Qin-Northern

426 Liang war 426 – Northern Wei attacked Helian Xia‘s capital

427 Battle of Tongwan city, Tongwan 430; 450-

452 Yuanjia Expeditions Northern Wei‘s war 429 against Rouran

432 Wei-Yan war

433 Battle of Hanzhong Northern Wei defeats Southern Qi. Conquest of Northern

439 Liang by Northern Wei

449 Battle of Yongzhou

450 Battle of Shaancheng Conquest of Liu Yixuan

454 by Liu Song Liu Yixuan was defeated.

459 Battle of Guangling

466 Liu Zixun’s rebellion 466 Battle of Pengcheng

467 Battle of QIngzhou

474 Battle of 479 –

500 Qi-Wei war

479 Battle of Shouyang

488 Wei-Baekje war

494 Battle of Huaihan

495 Battle of Hanzhong

497 Battle of Nanyang Battle of Zhongli and

503 Yiyang

506 Battle of Hefei

507 Battle of Zhongli Liang dynasty defeats Northern Wei

515 Battle of Shaanshi

528 Battle of Ye Chen Qingzhi‘s 529 expeditions Gao Huan‘s expedition 531 against Erzhu 534 – Civil war of Northern Northern Wei split into Eastern Wei and 535 Wei .

537 Battle of Shayuan

543 Battle of Mt. Mang

546 Battle of Yubi Hou Jing’s rebellion Hou Jing led a rebellion against Eastern Wei

547 against Eastern Wei and then fled to Liang dynasty. Hou Jing’s rebellion Hou Jing led a massive rebellion against Liang

552 against Liang dynasty.

554 Battle of Jiangling Western Wei defeats Liang dynasty

556 -Liang war

564 Battle of Luoyang Northern Qi defeats . Battle of Yiyang and

569 Fenbei 575 – Conquest of Northern

577 Qi by Northern Zhou

575 Battle of Heyin

576 Battle pf Pingyang Conquest of Yuchi

580 Jiong by Yang Jian Conquest of Wang

580 Qian by Yang Jian

580 Battle of Lizhou

580 Battle of Wushe

580 Battle of Liangjun

580 Battle of Jinxiang

580 Battle of Shizhou

Sui dynasty (581–618) Year(s) Event Brief description Conquest of Chen

589 by Sui 598–

614 Goguryeo–Sui War Goguryeo defeats Sui. The defeats the Early Lý dynasty,led to

602 Sui–Lý War the Third Chinese domination of Vietnam. 611– Wagang 619 ArmyUprising Led by Zhai Rang and later Mi Yang Xuangan‘s 613 Rebellion 616 Battle of Xingyang Wagang Army defeats Sui army led by Zhang Xutuo Li Yuan overthrows the Sui dynasty and

617 Battle of Huoyi establishes the . defeats Huaji and then Wang 618 Battle of Luoyang Shichong defeats Li Mi.

Tang dynasty (618–907) Year(s) Event Brief description

621 Battle of Hulao Tang forces defeated Dou Jiande. Li Shimin killed his brothers Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji in a coup and seized the succession to

626 Gate Incident the Tang throne. Tang army, led by , defeated and

630 Battle of Yinshan conquered Eastern Turks Tang campaign against Tang forces defeated and conquered

635 Tuyuhun . The Tang Dynasty defeated the Tibetan

638 Battle of Songzhou . 639– Tang campaign against Tang forces defeated and conquered

646 Xueyantuo Xueyantuo Khanate. Tang campaigns 640– against the Western Wars between the Tang Dynasty and the

657 Turks Western Turks. 640– Tang campaign against The Tang Dynasty conquered the oasis states

648 the oasis states of the Tarim Basin. Tang campaign against Tang forces defeated and conquered

640 Karakhoja Karakhoja (Gaochang). 644, Tang campaigns

648 against Karasahr Tang forces defeat and conquered Karasahr. 648– Tang campaign against

649 Kucha Tang forces defeated and conquered Kucha.

657 Battle of Irtysh River Tang forces defeated the Western Turks. Conquest of the

657 Western Turks Tang forces defeated the Western Turks. 645– The Tang Dynasty defeated and conquered

668 Goguryeo–Tang War Goguryeo. Tang and Silla forces defeated Yamato

663 Battle of Baekgang Japanese and Baekje forces. Tibetan campaign

663 against Tuyuhun Tuyuhun Khanate was destroyed. The Tang dynasty defeated and conquered

660 Baekje–Tang War Baekje. The Tibetan Empire defeated the Tang

670 Battle of Dafei River Dynasty.

685 Battle of Kaoyu Battle of Dongxiashi

697 Valley Khitan defeated the Wu Zhou.

698 Battle of Tianmenling Mohe forces defeated the Wu Zhou. Tang forces defeated an allied forces of Umayyad Muslims, Tibetans and Turgesh

717 Battle of Aksu (717) Turks. 745– Siege of Shibao

749 Fortress Tibetans forces defeated Tang The Abbasid Caliphate and Tibetans defeated

751 Battle of Talas the Tang Dynasty. , An Qingxu, and Shi 755 – Chaoyi led a massive rebellion against Tang

763 An-Shi Rebellion Dynasty. The rebel Yan state defeats Tang Dynasty and soon captured Chang’an,the capital of Tang

756 Battle of Tong pass Dynasty.

756 Battle of Yongqiu The Tang Dynasty defeated the rebel Yan state. Pyrrhic victory for the rebel Yan state against

757 Battle of Suiyang Tang forces. Tang forces defeated rebel Yan forces and

757 Battle of Xiangjisi recaptured Chang’an. 758–

759 Battle of Xiangzhou Rebel Yan forces defeated Tang forces. The Tang Dynasty decisively defeated the

762 Battle of Luoyang rebel Yan state,fall of Yan. No casualties, Tibetan Empire strategic victory

763 Battle of Chang´an against Tang Dynasty. Tibetan Empire defeated the Tang Dynasty and

765 Battle of Xiyuan Uyghur forces.

781 Battle of Henshui 801– Tibetan forces decisively defeated Tang forces

802 Battle of Weizhou in the South-West front. Conquest of the

817 Western Tibetan forces decisively defeated Tang forces

819 Battle of Yanzhou in the North-West front. 874– led a rebellion that weakened the

884 Huang Chao Rebellion Tang dynasty.

Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907–960) Year(s) Event Brief description 923 Conquest of Later Liang by 925 Conquest of by Later Tang 936 Conquest of Later Tang by 945 Battle of Ting-Hsien

Song dynasty (960–1279) Year(s) Event Brief description Conquest of Later 964 Shu by Song Song conquest of the . Conquest of Southern Han by 970 Song Song conquest of the Southern Han. Conquest of Southern Tang by

974 Song Song conquest of the Southern Tang. Conquest of by

979 Song Song conquest of the Northern Han. Battle of Gaoliang The Khitan defeats the Song

979 River Dynasty.

986 Battle of Qigou Pass Liao forces defeat Song forces.

1004 Battle of Chanzhou Inconclusive. Battle of Haoshui

1041 River The defeats the .

1048 Battle of Pei-Chou 1075-

1077 Lý–Song War Indecisive. 1126– The Jurchen Jin Dynasty decisively defeats the

1127 Siege of Dongjing Song Dynasty,fall of Northern Song. 1129–

1141 Song-Jin Wars Wars between the Song and Jin dynasties.

1130 Battle of Fuping Jin forces defeats Song forces.

1140 Battle of Yancheng Song forces under ,defeat Jin forces.

1161 Battle of Tangdao Song forces defeat Jin forces.

1161 Battle of Caishi Song forces defeat Jin forces. The and the Song Dynasty decisively defeat the Jin Dynasty,fall of the Jin

1234 Siege of Caizhou Dynasty. Siege of Diaoyu

1259 fortress Song forces defeat the .

1273 Battle of Xiangyang The Mongols defeat Song forces. The Mongols decisively defeat the Song

1279 Battle of Dynasty,fall of Southern Song.

Liao dynasty (907–1125) Year(s) Event Brief description Liao-Song War

979 Battle of Gaoliang River The Liao Dynasty defeats the Song Dynasty.

986 Battle of Qigou Pass Liao forces defeat Song forces.

1004 Battle of Chanzhou Inconclusive.

1044 Battle of Hequ The Western Xia defeats the Liao Dynasty. 1114–1125 Liao-Jin War

Jurchen Jin dynasty (1115–1234) Year(s) Event Brief description 1126– Siege of The Jurchen Jin Dynasty decisively defeats the Song 1127 Dongjing Dynasty,fall of Northern Song. 1130 Battle of Fuping Jin forces defeats Song forces. 1211– Mongol–Jin

1234 War The Mongols defeat and conquer Jin. Battle of

1211 Yehuling The Mongols defeat Jin. Battle of

1215 Zhongdu The Mongols defeat Jin. Mongol siege of

1232 The Mongols capture the Jin city Kaifeng. Siege of The Mongol Empire and the Song Dynasty decisively

1234 Caizhou defeat the Jin Dynasty,fall of the Jin Dynasty.

Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) Year(s) Event Brief description 1274,

1281 Mongol invasions of Japan The Japanese repel the Mongol invasions. 1277– First Mongol invasion of Mongol Yuan victory, fall of the Pagan

1287 Burma Empire.

1288 Battle of Bạch Đằng The Vietnamese defeat Yuan forces.

1293 Mongol invasion of Failed Yuan expedition to Java. Second Mongol invasion of

1301 Burma The Burmese defeat Yuan forces. 1351– The Red Turban rebels overthrow the

1368 Red Turban Rebellion . Red Turban invasions of

1359 Goryeo The Red Turban rebels attack Goryeo.

1360 Battle of Yingtian

1363 Battle of Lake Poyang Zhu Yuanzhang defeats Chen Youliang. (1368–1644) Year(s) Event Brief description Ming conquest of The Ming expelled the last of the loyalist

1381–1382 Yunnan Mongol forces of the Yuan in South China. Ming campaign against the The Ming received the surrender of the

1387 Uriyangkhad horde Naghachu based in . The Ming decisively defeated Toghus Temur, Khan of the Northern Yuan dynasty based in

1388 Battle of Buir Lake . 14th century– Ming forces suppressed rebellions by the 15th Miao and other aboriginal peoples in

century Miao Rebellions southwestern China. Zhu seized the throne from the Jianwen

1399–1402 Emperor in a civil war. 15th century– 16th Ming–

century conflict The Ming clashed with the Turpan kingdom. The Ming defeated the Hồ dynasty,led to the

1406–1407 Ming–Hồ War Fourth Chinese domination of Vietnam.

1410 Ming–Kotte War The Ming defeated the Kingdom of Kotte. ’s The Ming launched punitive expeditions campaigns against against the Eastern Mongols, Oyirad

1410–1424 the Mongols Mongols, and other Mongol tribes.

1449 Tumu Crisis The Mongols defeated the Ming. Prince of Anhua The Ming suppressed a revolt by Zhu Zhifan

1510 rebellion (the Prince of Anhua). Prince of Ning The Ming suppressed a revolt by Zhu

1519 rebellion Chenhao (the Prince of Ning). Malayan–Portuguese

war The Ming defeated the Portuguese in a naval

1521 First Battle of Tamao battle. Second Battle of The Ming defeated the Portuguese in a naval

1522 Tamao battle. Li Chengliang campaign against

1575–1581 Tuman Khan The Ming defeated the Mongols Japanese invasions The Ming and defeated Japanese

1592–1598 of invaders. The Ming and Joseon defeated Japanese

1593 Siege of invaders. Ming and Joseon forces failed to capture

1597 Siege of Ulsan Ulsan Castle from the Japanese. Ming and Joseon forces failed to capture

1598 Battle of Sacheon Sacheon from the Japanese. Ming and Joseon forces defeated the

1598 Battle of Noryang Japanese in a naval battle. Qing conquest of the The defeated and conquered

1618–1683 Ming the Ming.

1618–1619 Battle of Sarhu The Manchus defeated the Ming.

1626 Battle of Ningyuan The Ming defeated the Manchus. A series of conflicts between the Ming and the Dutch East Companythat began on and concluded with Ming victory at

1622–1633 Sino-Dutch conflicts the Battle of Liaoluo Bay.

1641–1642 Battle of Songjin The Qing defeated the Ming.

1642 Battle of Nanyang

1643 Battle of Tongguan Ming was defeated by in . Rebel forces led by Li Zicheng occupied the capital and overthrew the Ming

1644 dynasty. Battle of Shanhai Qing forces allied with former Ming general

1644 Pass and defeated Li Zicheng’s forces.

Qing dynasty (1644–1912) Year(s) Event Brief description Border conflicts between the Qing and the concluded with Qing 1652– Sino-Russian border victory and the signing of the Treaty of

1689 conflicts Nerchinsk. 1661– defeated the Dutch and conquered

1662 Siege of Fort Zeelandia . 1678– Dzungar conquest of Dzungars conquer the Yarkent Chagatai

1680 Altishahr Khanate 1674– Revolt of the Three The Qing suppressed rebellions in ,

1681 Feudatories and Yunnan. The Qing conquered the Kingdom of

1683 Battle of Penghu Tungning in Taiwan. 1690–

1757 Dzungar–Qing War 1690 Battle of Ulan Butung Withdraw of Dzungar Khanate forces. The Qing defeated Galdan of the Dzungar

1696 Battle of Jao Modo Khanate. Battle of the Salween The Dzungars defeated the Qing expedition

1718 River force to . Chinese expedition to

1720 Tibet (1720) Qing victory against the Dzungars Qianlong’s Campaign Against the Dzungars and 1755– Revolt of the Altishahr Qing victory, destruction of the Dzungar 1759 Khojas Khanate and Qing conquest of . 1765–

1769 Sino-Burmese War Burmese victory. 1788– Tây Sơn dynasty victory, Qing troops

1789 Campaign in Vietnam retreat from Vietnam. 1790–

1791 Sino-Nepalese War Qing victory. 1794– The Qing suppressed a revolt by the White

1804 Rebellion Lotus Society. 19th pirates (with support from the

century Ningpo Massacre Qing) defeated Portuguese pirates. 1820’s- Aq Taghlik Khojas (Afaqi Khojas) attack

1850’s Afaqi Khoja revolts Xinjiang. Qing victory 1839– The Qing lost to the British and ceded Hong

1842 Kong to the latter. Stalemate between the British and the

1839 Battle of Kowloon Qing.

1839 Battle of Chuenpi The British defeated the Qing.

1840 Capture of Chusan The British defeated the Qing.

1840 Battle of the Barrier The British defeated the Qing.

1841 Second Battle of Chuenpi The British defeated the Qing.

1841 Battle of the Bogue The British defeated the Qing.

1841 Battle of First Bar The British defeated the Qing.

1841 Battle of Whampoa The British defeated the Qing. Battle of Canton (March

1841 1841) The British defeated the Qing. Military stalemate between the Sikhs and

1841 Sino-Sikh War the Qing. Treaty of Chushul signed. Battle of Canton (May

1841 1841) The British defeated the Qing.

1841 Battle of Amoy The British defeated the Qing.

1841 Capture of Chusan (1841) The British defeated the Qing.

1841 Battle of Chinhai The British defeated the Qing. Battle of (1841–

1841 1842) The Qing defeated the British.

1842 Battle of Ningpo The British defeated the Qing.

1842 Battle of Tzeki The British defeated the Qing.

1842 Battle of Chapu The British defeated the Qing.

1842 Battle of Woosung The British defeated the Qing.

1842 Battle of Chinkiang The British defeated the Qing. 1850– The Qing defeated the Taiping Heavenly

1864 Kingdom (founded by the Taiping rebels).

1850 Jintian Uprising Start of the Taiping Rebellion.

1852 Battle of The Taiping rebels captured from

1853 Battle of Nanjing the Qing.

1854 Battle of Lake Dongting

1856 Battle of Nanjing The Taiping rebels defeated the Qing.

1856 Third Battle of

1857 Battles of Lake Tai

1858 Battle of Sanhe The Taiping rebels defeated the Qing.

1859 Battle of Second rout of the

1860 Jiangnan Daying The Taiping rebels defeated the Qing.

1861 Battle of 1861–

1864 Battle of The Taiping rebels defeated the Qing. The Qing defeated the Taiping rebels with

1861 Battle of assistance from British and French forces.

1862 Battle of Cixi The Qing defeated the Taiping rebels.

1863 Battle of Northern 1863–

1864 Battle of Changzhou The Qing defeated the Taiping rebels. The Qing seized Nanjing from the Taiping

1864 Third Battle of Nanking rebels. The Qing seized and southern

1864 Battle of Hubei from the Taiping rebels. The Qing recover previously lost territories

1865 Battle of Fujian in Fujian from the Taiping rebels.

1866 Battle of Meizhou

1866 Formosa Expedition Paiwan Aboriginals defeat the Americans The Qing and Hui loyalists suppressed a 1856– revolt by the and other ethnic

1873 minorities in Yunnan. The Qing and Hui loyalists suppressed a 1862– revolt by the Hui people in northwestern

1877 Dungan revolt China. The Uzbek controlled kingdom of

1870 Battle of Ürümqi (1870) Kashgaria defeated Hui rebels. 1854– The Qing defeated Red Turban rebels in 56 Red Turban Rebellion Guangdong Hakka were allocated their own independent sub-prefecture, Chixi (赤溪镇 ), which was carved out of south-eastern Taishan, while others were relocated to 1855– Province, mass emigration to 1867 Punti-Hakka Clan Wars other countries. 1864– The Qing suppressed a revolt led by Zhang

1869 Lexing and others.

1865 Battle of Gaolozai

1867 Battle of Inlon River The Qing defeated the Nian rebels. 1867 Battle of Ganyu

1867 Battle of Shouguang 1856– The British, French and Americans

1860 defeated the Qing. Battle of the Pearl River

1856 Forts The Americans defeated the Qing.

1857 Battle of Fatshan Creek The British defeated the Qing.

1858 First Battle of Taku Forts The British and French defeated the Qing. Second Battle of Taku The Qing defeated the British, French, and

1859 Forts Americans.

1860 Third Battle of Taku Forts The British and French defeated the Qing.

1860 Battle of Palikao The British and French defeated the Qing. Japanese invasion of Paiwan Aboriginals fight against the

1874 Taiwan (1874) Japanese 1876– Qing reconquest of The Qing defeat Yaqub Beg’s forces in

1878 Xinjiang Kashgaria. 1884– Militarily indecisive, diplomatic victory of

1885 Sino-French War the French. 1883– The French defeated the Qing, Vietnamese

1886 Campaign and . The French defeated the Qing, Vietnamese

1883 Sơn Tây Campaign and Black Flag Army.

1883 Battle of Paper Bridge The Black Flag Army defeated the French. The French defeated the Qing and Black

1884 Bắc Ninh Campaign Flag Army.

1884 Bắc Lệ ambush The Qing defeated the French.

1884 Battle of The French defeated the Qing.

1884 The Qing defeated the French.

1884 Kep Campaign The French defeated the Qing. 1884– Stalemate between the French and the

1885 Keelung Campaign Qing.

1885 Lạng Sơn Campaign The French defeated the Qing.

1885 Battle of Shipu The French defeated the Qing. 1885 Battle of Zhenhai The French clashed with the Qing. The French defeated the Qing and Black

1885 Siege of Tuyên Quang Flag Army. The French defeated the Qing and Black

1885 Battle of Hoa Moc Flag Army. The Qing and Black Flag Army defeated the

1885 Battle of Bang Bo French. The Qing and Black Flag Army defeated the

1885 French.

1885 Pescadores Campaign The French defeated the Qing.

1884 The Qing defeated the Japanese. 1894–

1895 First Sino-Japanese War The Japanese defeated the Qing.

1894 Battle of Pungdo The Japanese defeated the Qing.

1894 Battle of Seonghwan The Japanese defeated the Qing.

1894 Battle of Pyongyang The Japanese defeated the Qing.

1894 Battle of the The Japanese defeated the Qing.

1894 Battle of Jiuliancheng The Japanese defeated the Qing.

1894 Battle of Lushunkou The Japanese defeated the Qing.

1895 Battle of Weihaiwei The Japanese defeated the Qing.

1895 Battle of Yingkou The Japanese defeated the Qing. 1895– The Qing and Muslim loyalists suppressed

1896 Dungan revolt a revolt by Muslim forces in western China. Japanese invasion of

1895 Taiwan (1895) The Japanese occupy Taiwan. 1899– The Eight-Nation Alliance defeated the

1901 Boxer rebels and Qing forces. The Eight-Nation Alliance defeated Qing

1900 Battle of Dagu Forts forces. The Eight-Nation Alliance defeated Qing

1900 Battle of Tientsin forces.

1900 Battle of Inconclusive. The Eight-Nation Alliance defeated Qing

1900 Battle of Beicang forces. The Eight-Nation Alliance defeated Qing

1900 Battle of Yangcun forces. Russian invasion of The Russians defeated the Boxer rebels and

1900 Manchuria Qing. The Boxer rebels and Qing forces defeated

1900 Battle of Pai-t’ou-tzu the Russians. The Russians defeated the Boxer rebels and

1900 Battles on Amur River Qing forces. The Eight-Nation Alliance defeated the

1900 Battle of Peking Boxer rebels and Qing forces. Seymour Expedition(Battle of The Boxer rebels and Qing forces defeated 1900 Langfang) the Eight-Nation Alliance. Siege of the International

1900 Legations The assault the Legations in Beijing. Qing and Revolutionary vie for

1911 Battle of Yangxia control of Wuhan.

Modern China

Year(s) Event Brief description Second Chinese and his military crush a rebellion against

1913 Revolution his mis gained power. National A civil war against Yuan Shikai, who had declared

1915-16 Protection War himself emperor. A series of military campaigns against unconquered Ngolok (Golok) tribal Tibetan areas of 1917- (), undertaken by two Hui commanders, Gen.

1949 Golok rebellions Ma Qi and Gen. Ma Bufang Zhili and Anhui cliques for control of the Beiyang

1920 Zhili–Anhui War government First Zhili-

1922 Fengtian War Zhili and Fengtian cliques for control of Beijing a conflict between the Japanese-backed Fengtian Second Zhili- clique and the Anglo-American backed

1924 Fengtian War controlling Beijing Anti–Fengtian Guominjun against the Fengtian clique and their Zhili

1925-26 War clique allies. a military campaign launched by the National Revolutionary Army of the (KMT), 1926– Northern against the Beiyang government and other regional

1928 Expedition warlords with purpose of reunifying China Chinese Civil A war fought between the Kuomintang (KMT)-led 1927– War (First government of the Republic of China and the 1936 phase) Communist Party of China (CPC) an armed conflict between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Chinese Zhang Sino-Soviet Xueliang of the Republic of China over the Chinese

1929 conflict Eastern Railway The Chinese Muslim Ma clique under Generals Ma Qi and Ma Bufang launched several attacks against Labrang as part of a general anti-Golok Tibetan

1929 Battle of Xahe campaign. a civil war between the Nationalist Kuomintang Central Plains government in Nanjing led by Chiang Kai-shek and

1930 War former allies of Chiang. 1930– Sino-Tibetan A war between Tibetan forces and the Chinese

1932 War Republic. A rebellion of Kumulik who conspired with 1930– Hui Chinese Muslim Gen. to overthrow

34 Kumul Rebellion Jin Shuren, governor of Xinjiang. Second Sino- A military conflict fought primarily between the Japanese War Republic of China and the with its 1931– (part of World minor conflicts beginning in 1931 with war declared 1945 War II) at the Bridge Incident in 1937 Kyrgyz irregulars in Xinjiang revolted against the

1932 Kirghiz rebellion government. A breakaway province that aimed to defeat the 1933– Kuomintang with Soviet help that didn’t materialise

34 Fujian Rebellion ending in its demise. Soviet Invasion a military campaign of the in the

1934 of Xinjiang Chinese northwestern region of Xinjiang in 1934. 1,500 Turkic (Uighur) Muslims led by Kichik Akhund, tacitly aided by the 36th Division against the pro-

1937 Xinjiang War Soviet provincial forces of . Chinese Civil a war fought between the Kuomintang (KMT)-led 1945– War (Second government of the Republic of China and the 49 phase) Communist Party of China (CPC) 1946– A Soviet-backed revolt against the Kuomintang

49 Rebellion government of the Republic of China in 1944 Innumerous battles between Nationalist (KMT) forces and Communist forces, clearing remnants of the KMT from what is now mainland People’s 1949- Post Civil War Republic of China and battles for islands off the coast 1955 battles of the southern China. a continuation of the by Muslim Kuomintang Kuomintang Republic of China Army forces in 1950- Islamic , in the provinces of , Qinghai,

1958 Insurgency , Xinjiang, and another insurgency in Yunnan. Invasion of Tibet a military campaign by the People’s Republic of China (Battle of (PRC) against a de factoindependent Tibet in Chamdo

1950 Chamdo) after months of failed negotiations. a war between North Korea (with the support of China and the Soviet Union) and South Korea (with the principal support of the ). The war began on 25 June 1950 when North Korea invaded 1950- South Korea following a series of clashes along the

1953 Korean War border. a brief armed conflict that took place between the governments of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) 1954– First Taiwan and the Republic of China (ROC), which by then had

1955 Strait Crisis fled and was based in Taiwan. a conflict that took place between the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) in which the PRC aimed to “liberate” Taiwan Second Taiwan from the Chinese Nationalist Party, also called

1958 Strait Crisis Kuomintang (KMT) Armed conflict between Tibetan guerrillas and the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) had started in 1956 in the and Amdo regions, which had been subjected to socialist reform. The guerrilla warfare later spread to other areas of Tibet and lasted

1959 Tibetan Uprising through 1962. a conflict that occurred in Vietnam, , and Cambodia officially fought between North Vietnam and the government of South Vietnam with Soviet, China, and Communist allies backing the north, and 1959- United States, South Korea, Australia, Thailand and

1975 other anti-communist allies backing the south. Campaign at the a series of battles fought between the Chinese 1960- China–Burma nationalists and the communists at or around the

1961 border China–Myanmar border, after the Chinese Civil War an ongoing separatist conflict in China’s far-west province of Xinjiang. Uyghur separatists claim that the region is not a part of China, but that the Second East Turkestan Republic was illegally incorporated 1960- into the People’s Republic of China in 1949 and has

current since been under Chinese occupation.

1962 Sino-Indian War a war between China and India over border disputes. a series of military clashes between India and China and alongside the border of the Himalayan Kingdom of

1967 Cho La incidents , then an Indian . Sino-Soviet a seven-month undeclared military conflict between

1969 border conflict the Soviet Union a military engagement between the naval forces of China and South Vietnam in the Paracel Islands on January 19, 1974. The battle was an attempt by the Battle of the South Vietnamese navy to expel the Chinese navy

1974 Paracel Islands from the vicinity. a brief border war fought between the People’s Sino-Vietnamese Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of

1979 War Vietnam in early 1979. the effect of a series of missile tests conducted by the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the waters Third Taiwan surrounding Taiwan including the Taiwan Strait from

1996 Strait Crisis 21 July 1995, to 23 March 1996 2001- China is a major ally in the war on terror with the US,

current War on Terror UK, France, and Russia. 2009– Operation Ocean China was a contributing nation in the successful

2016 Shield operation against pirates. 2012- Northern Mali China has peacekeeping forces in Mali and a major

present conflict player in attempts to stabilise the region