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The Morphology and Behavior of Dimorphic Males in Perdita Portalis
Behav Ecol Sociobiol (1991) 29:235-247 Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology © Springer-Verlag 1991 The morphology and behavior of dimorphic males in Perdita portMis (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) Bryan N. Danforth* Snow Entomological Museum, Department of Entomology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA Received September 3, 1990 / Accepted June 4, 1991 Summary. In Perdita portalis, a ground nesting, commu- found on flowers visited by foraging females (SH nal bee, males are clearly dimorphic. The two male morph). First discovered by Rozen (1970), the other, morphs are easily distinguished based on head size and derived, morph is strikingly modified, as judged by com- shape into (1) a flight-capable, small-headed (SH) morph parison with related bees, possessing an expanded head that resembles the males of other closely related species capsule, enlarged facial foveae, reduced compound eyes, and (2) a flightless, large-headed (LH) morph that pos- elongate pointed mandibles, a three-pronged clypeus, sesses numerous derived traits, such as reduced com- and reduced thoracic musculature, which renders it pound eyes, enlarged facial foveae and fully atrophied flightless and restricted to a life within the natal nest indirect flight muscles. The SH morph occurs exclusively (LH morph). Unlike most of the close relatives of Perdita on flowers while the LH morph is found only in nests portalis, which show continuous variation in head size, with females. While on flowers, SH males are aggressive, albeit with strong positive allometry, the males of P. fighting with conspecific males and heterospecific male portalis are truly dimorphic. and female bees, and they mate frequently with foraging Flightless, macrocephalic males are known from a females. -
Ecosystem Management Research in the Ouachita Mountains: Pretreatment Conditions and Preliminary Findings
United States Proceedings of the Symposium on Department of Agriculture Forest Service Ecosystem Management Research Southern Forest Experiment Station in the Ouachita Mountains: New Orleans, Pretreatment Conditions and Louisiana Preliminary Findings General Technical Report SO-I 12 ’ August 1994 Proceedings of the Symposium on ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT RESEARCH IN THE OUACHITA MOUNTAINS: PRETREATMENT CONDITIONS AND PRELIMINARY FINDINGS Hot Springs, Arkansas October 26-27, 1993 Compiled by James B. Baker Published by U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southern Forest Experiment Station New Orleans, Louisiana 1994 PREFACE In August 1990, USDA Forest Service researchers from the Southern Forest Experiment Station and resource managers from the Ouachita and Ozark National Forests embarked on a major ecosystem management (then called New Perspectives) research program aimed at formulating, implementing, and evaluating partial cutting methods in shortleaf pine-hardwood stands as alternatives to clearcutting and planting. The program consisted of three phases: Phase I-an umeplicated stand-level demonstration project; Phase II-a scientifically based, replicated stand-level study; and Phase III-a large-scale watershed or landscape study. Harvesting treatments for the stand-level (Phase II) study were implemented during the summer of 1993. However, soon after the test stands were selected in 1990, pretreatment monitoring of various parameters was begun by a research team comprised of more than 50 scientists and resource managers from several -
Volume 26, Number 10, June 17, 2011 in This Week’S Issue
NC STATE UNIVERSITY Volume 26, Number 10, June 17, 2011 In This Week’s Issue . ANNOUNCEMENTS AND GENERAL INFORMATION . 1 CAUTION ! • Hay Field Day Scheduled for July 19 in Waynesville The information and FIELD AND FORAGE CROPS . 2 recommendations in • General Cotton Insect Outlook this newsletter are applicable to North • Plant Bugs on Cotton Carolina and may not • Spider Mites on Cotton apply in other areas. • Cotton Aphids • Cotton and Soybean Insect Scouting Schools • Kudzu Bugs Found in More North Carolina Counties Stephen J. Toth, Jr., • Voliam Xpress and Prevathon Now Registered in North Carolina editor ORNAMENTALS AND TURF . 7 Dept. of Entomology, • Kudzu Bugs on Ornamental Plants North Carolina State University, Box 7613, • Bagworms Active in Raleigh Raleigh, NC 27695 • Its Name Is Mud Dauber • Nano Pesticides Are Not Overlooked (919) 513-8189 Phone (919) 513-1114 Fax • Warm Season Spider Mites [email protected] See current and archived issues of the North Carolina Pest News on the Internet at: http://ipm.ncsu.edu/current_ipm/pest_news.html ANNOUNCEMENTS AND GENERAL INFORMATION Hay Field Day Scheduled for July 19 in Waynesville The Hay Field Day, sponsored by the North Carolina State University’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, will be held on Tuesday, July 19, 2011 at the Mountain Research Station in Waynesville, North Carolina. For more information, including a list of events and directions to the station, go to http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/agcomm/news-center/extension-news/n-c-hay- field-day-set-for-july-19/. North Carolina Pest News, June 17, 2011 Page 2 FIELD AND FORAGE CROPS From: Jack Bacheler, Extension Entomologist General Cotton Insect Outlook Even with our continued hot, dry weather, the cotton crop generally looks fair to good for most producers, but the crop is struggling in places. -
BITING, STINGING and VENOMOUS PESTS: INSECTS (For Non-Insects Such As Scorpions and Spiders, See Page 23)
BITING, STINGING AND VENOMOUS PESTS: INSECTS (For non-insects such as scorpions and spiders, see page 23). Bees include a large number of insects that are included in different families under the order Hymenoptera. They are closely related to ants and wasps, and are common and important components of outdoor community environments. Bees have lapping-type mouthparts, which enable them to feed on nectar and pollen from flowers. Most bees are pollinators and are regarded as beneficial, but some are regarded as pests because of their Pollination by honey bees stings, or damage that they cause due to Photo: Padmanand Madhavan Nambiar nesting activities. NOTABLE SPECIES Common name(s): Bee, honey bee Scientific name, classification: Apis spp., Order: Hymenoptera, Family: Apidae. Distribution: Worldwide. The western honey bee A. mellifera is the most common species in North America. Description and ID characters: Adults are medium to large sized insects, less than ¼ to Western honey bee, Apis mellifera slightly over 1 inch in length. Sizes and Photo: Charles J. Sharp appearances vary with the species and the caste. Best identifying features: Robust black or dark brown bodies, covered with dense hair, mouthparts (proboscis) can be seen extending below the head, hind pair of wings are smaller than the front pair, hind legs are stout and equipped to gather pollen, and often have yellow pollen-balls attached to them. Pest status: Non-pest, although some are aggressive and can sting in defense. Damage/injury: Usually none, and are regarded as the most beneficial insects. Swarming colonies near homes and buildings may cause concern, but they often move on. -
Sphecos: a Forum for Aculeate Wasp Researchers
SPHECOS Number 4 - January 1981 A Newsletter for Aculeate Wasp Researchers Arnold S. Menke, editor Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA c/o u. S. National Museum of Natural History washington DC 20560 Notes from the Editor This issue of Sphecos consists mainly of autobiographies and recent literature. A highlight of the latter is a special section on literature of the vespid subfamily Vespinae compiled and submitted by Robin Edwards (seep. 41). A few errors in issue 3 have been brought to my attention. Dr. Mickel was declared to be a "multillid" expert on page l. More seriously, a few typographical errors crept into Steyskal's errata paper on pages 43-46. The correct spellings are listed below: On page 43: p. 41 - Aneusmenus --- p. 108 - Zaschizon:t:x montana and z. Eluricincta On page 45: p. 940 - ----feminine because Greek mastix --- p. 1335 - AmEl:t:oEone --- On page 46: p. 1957 - Lasioglossum citerior My apologies to Dr. Mickel and George Steyskal. I want to thank Helen Proctor for doing such a fine job of typing the copy for Sphecos 3 and 4. Research News Ra:t:mond Wah is, Zoologie generale et Faunistique, Faculte des Sciences agronomiques, 5800 GEMBLOUX, Belgium; home address: 30 rue des Sept Collines 4930 CHAUDFONTAINE, Belgium (POMPILIDAE of the World), is working on a revision of the South American genus Priochilus and is also preparing an annotated key of the members of the Tribe Auplopodini in Australia (AuElOEUS, Pseudagenia, Fabriogenia, Phanagenia, etc.). He spent two weeks in London (British Museum) this summer studying type specimens and found that Turner misinterpreted all the old species and that his key (1910: 310) has no practical value. -
Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) on Various Potential Hosts
González et al.: Development of Dibrachys pelos 49 COMPARATIVE DEVELOPMENT AND COMPETITIVE ABILITY OF DIBRACHYS PELOS (HYMENOPTERA: PTEROMALIDAE) ON VARIOUS POTENTIAL HOSTS JORGE M. GONZÁLEZ, ROBERT W. MATTHEWS AND JANICE R. MATTHEWS Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606 ABSTRACT Dibrachys pelos (Grissell) is an occasional gregarious ectoparasitoid of Sceliphron caemen- tarium (Drury). We report the second record of this host association, collected in western Ne- braska, and present results of laboratory experiments on host suitability and utilization. When D. pelos was reared alone on prepupae of 6 possible hosts, 4 proved entirely suitable: the mud dauber wasps Sceliphron caementarium and Trypoxylon politum Say, and two of their parasitoids, a velvet ant, Sphaeropthalma pensylvanica (Lepeletier) and a bee fly, An- thrax sp. On these hosts D. pelos completed development in 2-4 weeks, with average clutch sizes of 33-57, of which 24.7% were males. The other two hosts tested, the flesh fly Neobel- lieria bullata (Parker) and the leaf-cutter bee Megachile rotundata (Say), proved marginal, with very few adult progeny produced. When reared on these same 6 hosts with the addition of a competing parasitoid, Melittobia digitata Dahms, D. pelos fared poorly, being the sole offspring producer in at most 30% of the trials (on Anthrax hosts) and failing to prevail at all on T. politum hosts. Comparative data on host conversion efficiency indicated that M. digi- tata was more efficient than D. pelos on every host except Anthrax. Key Words: host conversion efficiency, interspecific competition, Melittobia digitata RESUMEN Dibrachys pelos (Grissell) es un ectoparasitoide gregario ocasional de Sceliphron caementa- rium (Drury). -
Insectiture Insects + Architecture
Insects + Architecture Insectiture But why build? Community Living: Resource Super-organism Microclimate claims er elt Food Sh ‘Cattle sheds’ storage Offspring Brood rearing launchpad The Honeybee Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Subclass: Pterygota Infraclass: Neoptera Superorder: Endopterygota Order: Hymenoptera Suborder: Apocrita Family: Apidae Subfamily: Apinae Tribe: Apini Genus: Apis Linnaeus, 1758 Honey bees are a subset of bees, primarily distinguished by the production and storage of honey and the construction of perennial, colonial nests out of wax. The Bee and the Hive… Young worker bees clean the hive and feed the larvae. They secrete royal jelly- which is protein rich- from glands on their heads When these glands begin to atrophy, they start building comb walls using wax from glands on their abdomens. They graduate to within colony tasks such as receiving pollen and nectar from foragers and guarding the hive Start flights for foraging, the wax glands atrophy. Remainder of the life is as a forager. Ingredients for the perfect Beehive… Beeswax: Is a natural was produced by the glands of young worker bees (these glands atrophy with age when the worker’s flights begin). This wax is initially transparent, but becomes opaque after the bees chew on it. It further gains a yellow color because of pollen and propolis. To produce this wax, a bee must consume eight times as much honey by mass (hence beekeepers usually return the wax after ‘robbing the bees’). *Beeswax is commercially used as an ingredient for moustache wax. Propolis: Is a resinous mixture collected by bees from tree buds, sap flows and other botanical sources. -
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entrances but paid no attention to the exact The Outside Story nature of the landmark; so, if a nest had a circle of stones around it, the mother wasp would check for it within any nearby circular arrangement of similarly sized objects. Reading about Tinbergen’s findings many decades later, I was amazed he was able to so closely observe the learning behaviors of a flying insect. But it turns out digger wasps are easy to spot. For example, one of the most common members of this family in the Northeast is the great golden digger wasp (Sphex ichneumoneus), which is about an inch long and has a bright Digger Wasps: rusty-orange body. Proficient Providers Digger wasps come in different colors and sizes, but all have a very skinny, ant-like waist, called a By: Rachel Sargent Mirus pedicel, connecting their thorax and abdomen. They’re closely related to bees. While bees are Last summer while working in the garden, I was hairy and stout, however, digger wasps are startled when a fast-flying wasp dropped a smooth and slender. Digger wasps are also plump pumpkin spider on the soil in front of me. solitary. Many species of digger wasps burrow in The wasp landed, grabbed the spider, and sandy, well-drained, and sparsely vegetated soil. wiggled backwards into a small hole I hadn’t Others, including the organ pipe mud dauber noticed, quickly covering the entrance as if to (Trypoxylon politum), build tubular nests out of say, “nothing to see here.” It was the first time mud, which are commonly found on man-made I’d seen a digger wasp provisioning an structures. -
Development of Cerceis Fumipennis for Biosurveillance of the Emerald Ash Borer in the Northeast Jennifer Lund University of Maine
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fogler Library 12-2015 Development of Cerceis fumipennis for Biosurveillance of the Emerald Ash Borer in the Northeast Jennifer Lund University of Maine Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Lund, Jennifer, "Development of Cerceis fumipennis for Biosurveillance of the Emerald Ash Borer in the Northeast" (2015). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2409. http://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/2409 This Open-Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. DEVELOPMENT OF CERCEIS FUMIPENNIS FOR BIOSURVEILLANCE OF THE EMERALD ASH BORER IN THE NORTHEAST by Jennifer Lund B.S., State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1999 A THESIS Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (in Entomology) The Graduate School University of Maine December 2015 Advisory Committee: Dr. Eleanor Groden, Professor of Entomology, Advisor Dr. Francis A. Drummond, Professor of Insect Ecology and Pest Management Dr. William Livingston, Associate Professor of Forest Resources DEVELOPMENT OF CERCEIS FUMIPENNIS FOR BIOSURVEILLANCE OF THE EMERALD ASH BORER IN THE NORTHEAST by Jennifer Lund Thesis Advisor: Dr. Eleanor Groden An Abstract of the Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (in Entomology) December 2015 One method being utilized for detection of the invasive emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (EAB) involves monitoring aggregations of the wasp Cerceris fumipennis for the presence of EAB in their collected prey. -
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FRANK Ecology of Center City, PHILADELPHIA Center City, of Ecology Ecology of Center City, Over two and a half centuries ago Philadel- About the author phia established itself as a center for the Kenneth D. Frank and his wife have resid- ed in a row house in Center City for al- study of natural history. Ecology of Center most four decades. A graduate of Harvard Medical School, he is a retired physician PHILADELPHIA City, Philadelphia mines early records of with a life-long interest in natural histo- plants and animals in Philadelphia to ex- ry. His previous publications have been on the ecological effects of outdoor light- plore how their populations have fared. ing, the disappearance of a giant silk moth Some have become locally extinct while from Philadelphia, and a jumping spider’s shift in hunting from day to night. others have adapted and thrived. New populations have arrived, challenging those that are established. Despite a landscape dominated by asphalt and concrete, many PHILA have shown surprising resilience. Their stories illuminate the bond between people and natural history downtown. The ecology of Center City explores this bond. DELPHIA Praise from readers “Ecology of Center City, Philadelphia lays out the story of the natural, horticultural, and cultural history of Philadelphia in a masterful way. Engaging, entertaining, and elucidating…” —David Hewitt, President, Philadelphia Botanical Club; Lecturer, University of Pennsylvania; Research Associate, Department of Botany, Academy of Natural Sciences “A wonderful compilation of information on ecology, natural history, and Philadelphia local history… everything is fascinating.” —Joel T. Fry, Curator, John Bartram Association Fitler Kenneth D. -
Teach Ecological Concepts with Mud Dauber Nests
380 Volume 20: Mini Workshops Teach Ecological Concepts With Mud Dauber Nests Robert W. Matthews Department of Entomology University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 706-542-2816 [email protected] Reprinted From: Matthews, R. W. 1999. Teach ecological concepts with mud dauber nests. Pages 380-381, in Tested studies for laboratory teaching, Volume 20 (S. J. Karcher, Editor). Proceedings of the 20th Workshop/Conference of the Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE), 399 pages. - Copyright policy: http://www.zoo.utoronto.ca/able/volumes/copyright.htm Although the laboratory exercises in ABLE proceedings volumes have been tested and due consideration has been given to safety, individuals performing these exercises must assume all responsibility for risk. The Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE) disclaims any liability with regards to safety in connection with the use of the exercises in its proceedings volumes. © 1999 Robert W. Matthews Mud dauber nests are familiar sights on the walls of barns and other buildings and under bridges. These nests house not only the grub-like larvae their builders intended, but also a fascinating assemblage of other seldom-seen organisms. Because they are readily available, harmless, and -- like owl pellets -- unique and unpredictable, mud dauber nests are engaging for students to dissect. They offer an authentic and inexpensive laboratory experience with real organisms that enables students to explore and understand important ecological concepts such as food webs and chains and the interactions between organisms. They also provide meaningful practice using dichotomous keys. All one needs for success are mud dauber nests, keys for identifying the organisms present, and some natural history or biological information on the organisms and their interrelationships. -
Redalyc.MELITTOBIA DIGITATA DAHMS (HYMENOPTERA
Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie) ISSN: 0065-1737 [email protected] Instituto de Ecología, A.C. México González, J. M.; Acosta V., E.; Sormani, C.; B. Vinson, S. MELITTOBIA DIGITATA DAHMS (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) AND MONODONTOMERUS MEXICANUS GAHAN (HYM.: PTEROMALIDAE) ON A NEST OF TRYPOXYLON (TRYPARGILUM) MEXICANUM (SAUSSURE) (HYM.: CRABRONIDAE) COLLECTED NEAR XALAPA, VERACRUZ, MEXICO Acta Zoológica Mexicana (nueva serie), vol. 26, núm. 1, abril, 2010, pp. 215-218 Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Xalapa, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=57512379014 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative ISSN 0065-1737 Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.) 26(1): 215-218 (2010) Nota Científica (Short Communication) MELITTOBIA DIGITATA DAHMS (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE) AND MONODONTOMERUS MEXICANUS GAHAN (HYM.: PTEROMALIDAE) ON A NEST OF TRYPOXYLON (TRYPARGILUM) MEXICANUM (SAUSSURE) (HYM.: CRABRONIDAE) COLLECTED NEAR XALAPA, VERACRUZ, MEXICO González, J.M., E. Acosta V., C. Sormani & S. B. Vinson. 2010. Melittobia digitata Dahms (Hyme- noptera: Eulophidae) and Monodontomerus mexicanus (Gahan) (Hym.: Pteromalidae) on a nest of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) mexicanum (Saussure) (Hym.: Crabronidae) collected near Xalapa, Vera- cruz, México. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.), 26(1): 215-218. ABSTRACT: In a mud-nest built by Trypoxylon mexicanum, collected near Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico, we recorded the presence of two parasitoids Monodontomerus mexicanus (Pteromalidae) and Melittobia digitata (Eulophidae), and one ant: Solenopsis geminata (Formicidae). The pteromalid is reported for the first time from Veracruz while the eulophid is reported from Mexico attacking another hymenopteran.