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Network Program Democracy Democracy Network Program DemNet II: Building Civil Society in Bulgaria Final Report Democracy Network Program DemNet II: Building Civil Society in Bulgaria 1998-2002 FINAL REPORT TO THE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Cooperative Agreement No. 181-A-00-98-00320-00 Institute for Sustainable Communities 535 Stone Cutters Way, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA Phone 802-229-2900 | Fax 802-229-2919 [email protected] | www.iscvt.org April 2003 Photos, front and back inside covers: Bulgarian landscapes; next page: DemNet-supported activities of SO partners and NGOs working for positive change in Bulgaria. Table of Contents I. Executive Summary • 6 II. The Context • 8 III. Program Design & Goals • 9 IV. Strengthening the Capacity of SO Partners • 11 • SELECTING SUPPORT ORGANIZATION PARTNERS • ORGANIZATIONAL STRENGTHENING • DEEPENING PROGRAM IMPACT • KEY OUTCOMES IN DEMNET’S FUNCTIONAL AREAS V. SO Partner Performance Stories • 22 VI. Supporting a Vibrant NGO Sector & Strengthening Civil Society in Bulgaria • 24 • TARGETING UNDERSERVED POPULATIONS & IMPROVING SOCIAL SAFETY NETS • CREATING ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY • NETWORKING & COALITION BUILDING FOR SUPPORT & SUSTAINABILITY • STRENGTHENING OUTREACH & PUBLIC RELATIONS • INCREASING CITIZEN PARTICIPATION IN POLICY DIALOGUE VII. Lessons Learned • 27 VIII. Conclusion • 29 IX. Attachments A: DEMNET SO PARTNER PUBLICATION B: SO PARTNER SUMMARIES C: ORGANIZATIONAL STRENGTHENING & PERFORMANCE MONITORING COMPONENTS D: SERVICE QUALITY REVIEW REPORT E: DONOR SURVEY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY F: ENGAGE INITIATIVE REPORT G: TRAVEL NOTES PUBLICATION (ENGAGE INITIATIVE) H: VOICES FOR CHANGE PUBLICATION I: ADVOCACY INITIATIVE REPORT J: LEADING LIGHTS PUBLICATION K: SUMMARY OF NGO GRANTEES L: SENSE OF EMPOWERMENT VIDEO Acknowledgements The success of any project is in the hands of many people—the SO partners, the capable and dedicated ISC staff in Bulgaria, many excellent consultants who supported the program, and the Bulgaria USAID mission that provided sound support and counsel at critical junctures. In DemNet II, the whole was infinitely greater than the sum of its parts. We worked together, learned together, and served together to contribute to a strong civil society in Bulgaria. 6 Democracy Network II Program • Bulgaria I. Executive Summary n 1998, the Institute for Sustainable Communities STRATEGIES (ISC) launched the second phase of the USAID-funded ISC employed a number of strategies to build a vibrant IDemocracy Network (DemNet II) program in network of SOs throughout Bulgaria: Bulgaria. DemNet II took advantage of the substantially • Organizational Assessment. ISC began its work with the solidified nongovernmental organization (NGO) sector SOs with an initial self assessment that allowed each SO that ISC helped establish during the first phase of the to evaluate its own internal organizational issues and program to build the capacity and professionalism of create a tailored organizational strengthening plan. organizations that provide support to NGOs. In DemNet • Performance-Based Monitoring. Using a Service Quality II, ISC laid the groundwork for a vibrant, active NGO Review and an International Standard Audit, ISC helped sector that will stimulate citizen participation as well as SOs measure progress towards their goals while establish- foster economic development, encourage democratic ing systems for reporting to donors and constituents. reform, strengthen social support systems, and serve • Networking and Partnership Building. ISC convened environmental interests for years to come. regular meetings and events and provided extensive ISC held an open and transparent selection of 13 support trainings for SOs to support the development of an SO organizations (SOs) to participate in the project. A diverse network, including such topics as public outreach and range of interests and geographic regions were represented media, joint fundraising, research application, advocacy, to foster an atmosphere of cooperation and resource and coordinated grantmaking. sharing rather than concentrating power and control • Stimulating Local Resource Mobilization. Through within one or two SOs. The 13 SOs ranged in focus from workshops and technical assistance, seminars that grantmaking, to training, to policy analysis, to network- convened experts on income generation and government ing and information-sharing, and provided services contracts, a study that examined the culture of throughout Bulgaria. philanthropy in Bulgaria, and a national conference on volunteerism, ISC helped SOs develop alternative funding ISC used participatory, flexible, and client-driven strategies sources to help sustain them at the program’s close. within a framework of performance-based monitoring to ensure the success of the project. SOs were fully engaged in IMPACTS designing and implementing the project, leading to As a result of DemNet II, the SO partners had targeted greater ownership of and increased responsibility for its their services more directly to the needs of the NGO sector, outcome and the quality of service provided to beneficia- improved their ability to attract funding and mobilize ries. Ongoing performance-based monitoring allowed ISC local resources, and strengthened governance and to strategically intervene as needed to address program planning approaches. Improvements in the functional weaknesses or provide assistance to SOs. areas of the SOs include: ISC designed the DemNet program to address two • Grantmakers have significantly strengthened their interconnected, but separate, issues. ISC strengthened credibility through more open and transparent practices the capacity of SO partners by asking them to self- that effectively and fairly support NGOs. evaluate and identify the areas in which they needed to • Policy analysis SOs share research more broadly with build organizational competency. In turn, the SOs, with other NGOs and the public, fostering a better environ- ISC support and guidance, strengthened the capacity of ment for effective advocacy and citizen engagement. the NGO sector through targeted programs that • Training organizations provide more sophisticated, supported a broad spectrum of activities, including citizen targeted training that responds to the current needs of advocacy, training, networking, grantmaking, resource the NGO sector. mobilization, and policy analysis in four targeted areas of • Networking and information-sharing SOs have dramati- environmental protection, democracy building, social cally improved their outreach to help raise public safety net improvement, and economic development. awareness of the good work NGOs are doing and encourage joint activities among the NGO, government, and private sectors. 7 ISC Final Report • April 2003 • Increasing advocacy skills. The Institute for Regional and International Studies (IRIS) provided a series of trainings to strengthen the skills of NGO leaders already engaged in advocacy activities. This led to the creation of Through both phases of the Democracy Network an advocacy network of more than 20 NGOs and grassroots organizations that has, among other program, ISC has built a solid foundation of NGOs and initiatives, developed an amendment to the National support organizations with strong skills in advocacy, Law for the Protection, Rehabilitation, and Social Integration of the Handicapped. citizen participation, public outreach, and networking • Influencing national legislation. The TIME EcoProjects to work together with the government and business Foundation built and maintained a coalition of environmental NGOs that successfully influenced the sectors in addressing Bulgaria’s economic, environ- development of the Biodiversity law in conjunction with government representatives, despite longstanding tension mental, and social challenges. between the two sectors. Another SO, the Center for Economic Development Foundation, effectively lobbied for policy changes on small and medium enterprises and competitiveness, tax policy, economic growth, and the pension system in Bulgaria. ACHIEVEMENTS • Demonstrating active citizen engagement at the local Over the course of DemNet II, SO partners continued to level. The DemNet activity in the Kardjali region built provide valuable programming to the NGO sector even as new community strengthening capacity in the NGO they strengthened their internal capacity. SO partners Resource Center-Kardjali and stimulated a long-term funded 253 projects and provided a range of technical commitment by three communities to citizen participa- services to the sector. Some notable achievements of the tion in problem-solving. SOs and their NGO partners include: Although the economic environment in Bulgaria has not • Passing an NGO law in 2000. Previously, NGOs lacked a improved as much as international observers had hoped, clear legal status, and operated under a provision of the the SOs participating in DemNet II have demonstrated a 1949 law on the basic Person and Family Act. The new greatly improved ability to serve their NGO constituents law had been in the works for many years, and the and seek out new resources, even as international funding coalition formed by the SOs and the NGOs under DemNet declines. Through both phases of the Democracy Network auspices was instrumental in its passage. The NGO law program, ISC has built a solid foundation of NGOs and clarifies the legal basis for NGO formation and operation, support organizations with strong skills in advocacy, and provides clear expectations about their activities and
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