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Country Advice Country Advice Nepal Nepal – NPL38646 – Myagdi – Rashtriya Prajatantra Party – RPP – RPP-N – Maoists – YCL – State Protection – Relocation 9 May 2011 1. Please provide a map of Nepal showing Myagdi, Pokhara and Kathmandu. Myagdi is a district in central Nepal, northwest of the city of Pokhara, (see Map 1). The district is extremely mountainous (see Map 2). Beni is the administrative centre of Myagdi. The 2001 Nepal Census reported Myagdi district had a population of 114,447, living in at least forty separate villages.1 Map 1: Myagdi, Nepal 1 Central Bureau of Statistics 2001, „Table 1: Number of households, Population in the households for Village Development Committee‟, in National Report , Kathmandu, p.43 http://www.cbs.gov.np/Population/National%20Report%202001/VDC.pdf – Accessed 8 September 2010 – Attachment 1 Page 1 of 13 Map 2: Myagdi topographical map2 2. Please provide current information about the RPP – its policies, platform, structures, activities, key figures – particularly in the area around Myagdi. The Rashtriya Prajatantra Party (RPP), or National Democrat Party of Nepal, was formed in 1990. Its website claims that its three main ideological pillars are Nationalism, Democracy and Liberalism, and that it is pro-free market.3 In Nepali politics it is deemed to be right-of- centre and pro-monarchy; however in 2010 sources indicated that the party adopted more centrist political stances on a number of issues. 2 „The Chantyal Language & People‟ (undated), University of Wisconsin https://pantherfile.uwm.edu/noonan/www/Chantyal.html – Accessed 4 May 2011 – Attachment 2 3 „About RPP‟ (undated), Rashtriya Prajatantra Party website http://www.rppnepal.com/channels/aboutus.htm – Accessed 17 July 2007 – Attachment 3 Page 2 of 13 The RPP does not enjoy mass political support in Nepal; in the March 2008 parliamentary elections, the party won eight out of 335 seats in the national Constituent Assembly (CA), while the breakaway Rashtriya Prajatantra Party-Nepal (RPP-N) gained four seats. In the same election, the Communist Party of Nepal – Maoist (CPN-M) gained 100 seats, the Nepali Congress (NC) won 73 seats, and the Communist Party of Nepal – United Marxist Leninist (CPN-UML) won 70 seats.4 Of the two RPP parties, the RPP-N appears to be the more devoted to the restoration of the monarchy. This may be due to the fact that under former King Gyanendra, the RPP-N enjoyed a level of power it no longer enjoys in the democratic republic; after Gyanendra deposed the democratic government in 2005, the RPP-N participated in the government appointed by the king. According to the Political Handbook of the World, in 2008 the RPP-N was the only parliamentary party that voted against the re-constitution of Nepal as a republic. Since 2008, the party has continually advocated a national referendum on the restoration of Nepal as a monarchy and Hindu state.5 While there appears to be little nostalgia for Gyanendra in Nepal, the International Crisis Group (ICG) believes that the RPP-N deliberately links the end of the monarchy with the end of Nepal as a Hindu state, an issue that does concern many in the Hindu majority country.6 The logic would appear to be that the RPP-N is attempting to broaden its appeal by capitalising on common religious anxieties. Both the RPP and the RPP-N have absorbed smaller, pro-monarchy/Hindu parties in order to remain viable political organisations. In 2010, the RPP reunited with the Rashtriya Janashakti Party (RJP)7; the RJP having split from the RPP in 2004. In 2007 the RPP-N “absorbed” the Rashtriya Prajatantra Party (Rastrabadi), also known as the RPP (Nationalist), and the Nepal Bidwat Parishad (NBP).8 There also appears to be some movement of officials between the two parties; in 2010, the chairman of the RPP, Shumshere J. B. Rana, was dismissed and has since become vice-chairman of the RPP-N.9 Both the RPP and the RJP advocate constitutional monarchy. However, the RJP does not publicly advocate the restoration of Nepal as a „Hindu‟ state; in 2010, prior to the merger with the RPP, the RJP Co-chairman Prakash Chandra Lohani stated that “Nepal is a multi-religion country and should be recognised as such.” The reunification of the RPP/RJP rebrands the RPP as more centrist. Reinforcing this repositioning, the RPP/RJP party is more supportive of the process to draft a permanent constitution for the new republic than the RPP-N. However, the RPP and RJP have jointly expressed frustration with the CPN-M, CPN-UML and NC as they slowly negotiate the constitution, delaying final closure of the drawn-out peace process that began following the overthrow of the monarchy. In 2010, the RPP/RJP threatened to quit 4 „EC declares PR results; Maoists bag 100 seats, NC 73 and UML 70‟ 2008, Nepal News, 25 April http://www.nepalnews.com/archive/2008/apr/apr25/news08.php – Accessed 15 November 2010 – Attachment 4 5 Banks, A. et al. 2010, „Nepal‟, Political Handbook of the World, CQ Press, Washington http://library.cqpress.com/phw/document.php?id=phw2010_Nepal&type=toc&num=5 – Accessed 3 May 2011 – Attachment 5 6 International Crisis Group 2011, Nepal: Identity Politics and Federalism, Crisis Group Asia Report N°199, 13 January, p.20 – Attachment 6 7 „RPP, RJP expand committee for unification‟ 2010, The Himalayan Times, 7 April http://www.thehimalayantimes.com/fullTodays.php?headline=RPP%2C+RJP+expand+committee+for+unification& NewsID=237685 – Accessed 14 April 2011 – Attachment 7 8 Banks, A. et al. 2010, „Nepal‟, Political Handbook of the World, CQ Press, Washington http://library.cqpress.com/phw/document.php?id=phw2010_Nepal&type=toc&num=5 – Accessed 3 May 2011 – Attachment 5 9 „RPP-sacked Rana nominated RPP-N vice chair‟ 2010, Kathmandu Post, 25 November http://www.ekantipur.com/2010/11/25/top-story/rpp-sacked-rana-nominated-rpp-n-vice-chair/325590/ – Accessed 4 May 2011 – Attachment 8 Page 3 of 13 parliament and stage demonstrations if the major parties continued to press for an extension in the life of the Constituent Assembly in order to continue with the constitutional negotiation/drafting process.10 Much of the delay associated with the drafting of a permanent constitution is to do with differences concerning the proposal to create a federal political system; providing districts dominated by particular ethnic groups a degree of autonomy as states within a federal Nepal. The RPP-N demands that a referendum be held on federalism.11 Other parties also have concerns with federalism, and see the creation of a number of semi-autonomous cantons or „states‟ as undermining national unity and a means by which the CPN-M hopes to buy support from potentially powerful ethnic groups such as the Madhesis from Nepal‟s Terai (lowlands).12 13 Little information was located on the activities of either the RPP or the RPP-N in Myagdi district. In 2009, the Nepali government appointed a member of the RPP, Chakrapani Acharya, as the chief of the Myagdi District Development Committee.14 District Development Committees have many of the same functions as local governments and are charged with implementing projects that stimulate economic development in remote districts. 3. Would a member of the RPP have a RPP membership card or other documentation indicating her membership, or be able to obtain this? No publicly available information was located on Rashtriya Prajatantra Party (RPP) membership details, including matters relating to the issuance of membership cards. The RPP website (http://rppnepal.org/) does not include such information. The head office of the RPP is located at Charumati, Chabahil, Kathmandu. 4. Is there any information that most of the people in Myagdi village are Maoist supporters, and the Maoists have influence in the remote area of Nepal around Myagdi? No sources were located that describe the political affiliations of the people of Myagdi district as predominantly pro-Maoist. In the March 2008 elections, the Communist Party of Nepal – Maoist (CPN-M) emerged with the largest proportion of seats in the national Constituent Assembly (CA), including the seat centred on Myagdi. According to the Election Commission website, the CPN-M candidate, Govinda Paudel, won with a substantial proportion of the votes cast.15 The top three candidates in the 2008 CA election in Myagdi are tabulated in Table 1. 10 „„Royalist‟ parties warn against extension‟ 2010, Kathmandu Post, 16 April http://www.ekantipur.com/the- kathmandu-post/2010/04/16/Nation/Royalist-parties-warn-against-extension/207269/ – Accessed 14 April 2011 – Attachment 9 11 International Crisis Group 2010, Nepal’s Political Rites of Passage, Asia Report N°194, 29 September, p.29 – Attachment 10 12 „Maoists declare two more autonomous states in Nepal‟ 2009, BBC Monitoring Service, source: Nepalnews.com, 13 December – Attachment 11 13 „Dahal courts Madhesi leaders‟ 2010, Nepal News.com, 20 July http://www.nepalnews.com/main/index.php/news- archive/2-political/7724-dahal-courts-madhesi-leaders.html – Accessed 21 July 2010 – Attachment 12 14 „Govt nominates new DDC chiefs‟ 2009, The Kathmandu Post, 9 January http://www.ekantipur.com/the- kathmandu-post/2010/03/05/Features/A-heliocentric-point-of-view/5855/ – Accessed 4 May 2011 – Attachment 13 15 Election Commission (Nepal) 2008, „Constituent Assembly Election 2064 List of Winning Candidates‟, EC website http://www.election.gov.np/reports/CAResults/reportBody.php?selectedMenu=Winning%20Candidates(English)&ra nd=1304565738 – Accessed 5 May 2011 – Attachment 44 Page 4 of 13 District Candidate Party Votes Result 1. Myagdi Govinda Paudel Communist Party of 23102 Elected Nepal (M) 2. Myagdi Nar Devi Pun Communist Party of 14453 Nepal (UML) 3. Myagdi Resham Bahadur Baniya Nepali Congress (NC) 7626 Table 1: Top 3 2008 Constituent Assembly election candidates, Myagdi District Nepal16 The integrity of the 2008 ballot, organised by Nepal‟s Electoral Commission (EC) was praised by a number of international government and non-government organisations.
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