Safety Data Sheet

SAFETY DATA SHEET

Prepared in accordance with the United States Hazard Communication Revision date: 18-Apr-2017 Standard: 29 CFR 1910.1200 (2012)

1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/PREPARATION AND OF THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING

Product name: Cesium Sulfate, Caesium Sulfate

Product code: CESSULFDRY

Synonyms: Cs2SO4, Caesium Sulfate, Cesium Sulphate

Recommended use: Catalyst, Industrial Products

Restrictions on use: Not Applicable.

Supplier:

Tantalum Mining Corporation Cabot Specialty Fluids of Canada, Ltd. (TANCO) C/O Cabot Corporation Bernic Lake 4400 North Point Parkway Box 2000 Suite 200 Lac du Bonnet, MB R0E 1A0 Alpharetta, Georgia 30022 CANADA United States Tel: 1-204-884-2400 Tel: +1 678 297 1300 Fax: 1-204-884-2211

E-mail: [email protected]

Emergency Telephone Number: 24H/7d service US: CHEMTREC: 1-800-424-9300 or 1-703-527-3887 Canada: CANUTEC 1-613-996-6666 International CHEMTREC: +1 703-741-5970 or +1-703-527-3887

2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

Classification

OSHA Regulatory Status: This chemical is considered hazardous by the United States 2012 OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).

Acute toxicity - Oral Category 4

Reproductive Toxicity Category 2

Specific target organ toxicity Category 2 (repeated exposure)

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Label Elements:

Signal Word: WARNING

Hazard statements: Harmful if swallowed Suspected of damaging fertility May cause damage to organs (kidneys, adrenals) through prolonged or repeated exposure

Precautionary Statements - • Obtain special instructions before use Prevention • Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood • Do not breathe dust • Wear protective gloves and eye/face protection • Wash face, hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling • Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product

Precautionary Statements - Response• IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention

Ingestion • IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell • Rinse mouth

Precautionary Statements - Storage • Store locked up

Precautionary Statements - Disposal • Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local, regional, national, and international regulations

Hazards not otherwise classified (HNOC)

Potential health effects

Principle Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, Eye contact, Skin Contact

Eye Contact: May cause mechanical irritation.

Skin Contact: May cause mechanical irritation.

Inhalation: Dust may be irritating to respiratory tract.

Reproductive Effects: Male Reproductive System. See Section 11.

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Carcinogenicity: Does not contain any substances listed by IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer), NTP (National Toxicology Program), OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), ACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) or EU (European Union). See also Section 11.

Target Organ Effects: Respiratory system, Eyes, Skin, Kidney, Adrenal gland

Medical Conditions Aggravated by Asthma, Respiratory disorder, Kidney disorders, Adrenal gland disorders Exposure:

Potential Environmental Effects: None known. See also Section 12.

3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

Synonyms: Cs2SO4, Caesium Sulfate, Cesium Sulphate.

Chemical name CAS No weight-% Trade secret Cesium Sulfate 10294-54-9 100 -

Other Information: The hyphen (-) means "not applicable"

4. FIRST AID MEASURES

FIRST AID MEASURES

Skin Contact Wash thoroughly with soap and water. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop.

Eye contact Flush immediately with large amounts of water for 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop.

Inhalation If cough, shortness of breath or other breathing problems occur, move to fresh air. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist. If necessary, restore normal breathing through standard first aid measures.

Ingestion Do not induce vomiting. If conscious, give several glasses of water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Seek medical attention.

Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed

Symptoms: The most important known symptoms and effects are described in Section 2 and/or in Section 11.

Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed

Note to physicians: Treat symptomatically.

5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES

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Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use extinguishing measures that are appropriate to local circumstances and the surrounding environment. Carbon dioxide (CO2). Foam. Dry chemical. Water.

Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: None.

Specific hazards arising from the Thermal decomposition can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors. chemical:

Hazardous combustion products: Oxides of Cesium. Oxides of sulfur.

Protective equipment and In the event of fire, wear self-contained breathing apparatus. Wear suitable protective precautions for firefighters: equipment.

Risk of Dust Explosion: This material is an inorganic dust and will not create nor support conditions that would result in a dust explosion or fire

6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures

Personal precautions: Avoid dust formation. Ensure adequate ventilation. Use personal protective equipment. See also Section 8.

Environmental Precautions:

Environmental Precautions: Contain spilled material on land, if safe to do so. Local authorities should be advised if significant spillages cannot be contained. See also Section 13.

Methods and material for containment and cleaning up

Methods for containment: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so.

Methods for cleaning up: Do not create a dust cloud by using a brush or compressed air. Clean up promptly by vacuum. Use of a vacuum with high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration is recommended. Pick up and transfer to properly labeled containers. See Section 13.

7. HANDLING AND STORAGE

Precautions for safe handling

Advice on safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid dust formation. Do not breathe dust. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at machinery and at places where dust can be generated. Avoid ingestion. Avoid prolonged or repeated exposure.

General hygiene considerations: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice

Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities

Storage Conditions: Hygroscopic material. Will absorb water readily from atmosphere. Keep containers tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. Keep in properly labeled containers. Do not store together with strong oxidizing agents.

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents. Aluminum. Magnesium. Strong acids.

8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION ______

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Exposure guidelines: There are no exposure limits identified for this product. Exposure limits for dust are stated below.

Dust, or Particulates Not Otherwise Austria MAK: 10 mg/m³, STEL 2x30 min, Inhalable dust Specified: 5 mg/m³, TWA, Inhalable dust

Belgium: 10 mg/m³, TWA, Inhalable 3 mg/m³ TWA, Respirable

France: 10 mg/m³, TWA Inhalable dust 5 mg/m³, TWA Respirable dust

Germany - TRGS 900: 10 mg/m³, TWA, Inhalable 3 mg/m³, Respirable fraction

Ireland: 10 mg/m³, TWA, Total inhalable 4 mg/m³, TWA, Respirable

Italy: 10 mg/m³, TWA, Inhalable 3 mg/m³, TWA, Respirable

Spain: 10 mg/m³, VLA, Inhalable 3 mg/m³, VLA, Respirable

Sweden: 10 mg/m³, NGV, Total inhalable 5 mg/m³, NGV, Respirable

The Netherlands: 10 mg/m³, TGG, Inhalable 5 mg/m³, TGG, Respirable

United Kingdom - WEL: 10 mg/m³, TWA, Total Inhalable dust 4 mg/m³, TWA, Respirable dust

US ACGIH - PNOS: 10 mg/m³, TWA, Inhalable 3 mg/m³, TWA, Respirable

US OSHA - PEL: 15 mg/m³, TWA, Total dust 5 mg/m³, TWA, Respirable

MAK: Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration (Maximum Workplace Concentration) STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit TWA: Time Weighted Average TRGS: Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe (Technical Rule for Hazardous Materials) VLA: Valore Límite Ambientales (Environmental Limit Value) NGV: Nivå Gräns Värde (Level Limit Value) TGG: tijdgewogen gemiddelde (Occupational Exposure Limit) WEL: Workplace Exposure Limit US ACGIH: United States American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists PNOS: Particulate Not Otherwise Specified US OSHA: United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration PEL: Permissible Exposure Limit

Engineering Controls: Ensure adequate ventilation to minimize exposures. Provide appropriate exhaust ______

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ventilation at machinery and at places where dust can be generated.

Personal protective equipment [PPE]

Respiratory Protection: Approved respirator may be necessary if local exhaust ventilation is not adequate. Respiratory protection in accordance with EN 149 and OSHA 1910.134.

Hand Protection: Wear suitable gloves (in accordance with EN 374 and OSHA 1910.138): Nitrile rubber gloves. PVC or rubber gloves.

Eye/face Protection: Eye / face protection in accordance with EN 166 and OSHA 1910.133: Wear eye/face protection. Wear safety glasses with side shields (or goggles).

Skin and Body Protection: Wear suitable protective clothing.

Other: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Emergency eyewash and safety shower should be located nearby.

Environmental exposure controls: In accordance with all local legislation and permit requirements.

9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Solid Odor: None. Appearance: Powder or Crystals Odor threshold: No information available Color: White

Property Values Remarks • Method pH: 7-9 (measured in 1:10 dilution with water) Melting point/freezing point: 1005 °C DSC, According to OECD 102/EU Method A.1 Boiling point / boiling range: No information available Evaporation Rate: Not Applicable Vapor pressure: Not Applicable Vapor Density: Not Applicable Density: 4.25 g/cm3 @ 20 °C according to OECD 109 Bulk Density: No information available

Specific Gravity at 20°C: 4.25 Water solubility: very soluble: >1000 g/L @ 20 °C; According to OECD 105 Solubility(ies): Insoluble in alcohol, acetone and pyridine Partition Coefficient < 0 inorganic substance (n-octanol/water): Decomposition temperature: No information available Viscosity: Not Applicable Kinematic viscosity: Not Applicable Dynamic viscosity: Not Applicable Oxidizing Properties: No oxidizing properties According to EU Method A17 Softening point: Not Applicable VOC content (%): Not Applicable % Volatile (by Volume): Not Applicable % Volatile (by Weight): Not Applicable

Surface Tension: 71.1 mN/m at 20°C for a 1g/l According to OECD 115 ______

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solution Explosive properties: Non-explosible according to EU Method A14

Flash Point: Not Applicable Flammability (solid, gas): Not flammable according to EU Method A10 Flammability Limit in Air: See Above. Explosion Limits in Air - Upper (g/m3): Not Applicable Explosion Limits in Air - Lower (g/m3): Not Applicable Autoignition Temperature: > 400 °C Method A16 of 440/2008/EC Minimum Ignition Temperature: Not Applicable

Minimum Ignition Energy: Not Applicable Ignition Energy: Not Applicable Maximum Absolute Explosion Pressure: Not Applicable Maximum Rate of Pressure Rise: Not Applicable Burn Velocity: No information available Kst Value: Not Applicable Dust Explosion Classification: Not Applicable End point is listed "not applicable" due to the inherent properties of the substance: inorganic substance "No information available" indicates testing has not been performed DSC: Differential Scanning Calorimetry

10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY

Reactivity: Reacts violently with aluminum and magnesium. Reacts with strong acids.

Stability: Hygroscopic. Stable under recommended handling and storage conditions.

Possibility of hazardous reactions: None under normal processing.

Conditions to avoid: Avoid contact with incompatible materials.

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents. Aluminum. Magnesium. Strong acids.

Explosion data See also Section 9.

Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact: None.

Sensitivity to Static Discharge: Avoid dust formation. Take precautionary measures against static discharges.

Hazardous decomposition products: Sulfur oxides. Oxides of Cesium.

11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Information given is based on data obtained from this substance or from similar substances.

Acute toxicity

Oral LD50: LD50/oral/rat > 300 mg/kg and < 2000 mg/kg, (OECD 423).

Inhalation LC50: Not determined

Dermal LD50: No data are available on the product itself. Based on the results of an acute dermal toxicity study (OECD 402) on similar substances ______

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(cesium nitrate and cesium iodide), cesium sulfate is not classified for acute dermal toxicity.

Skin corrosion/irritation: Cesium sulfate has been tested on human reconstrued epidermis (OECD 439) and is considered non-irritating to the skin

Serious eye damage/eye irritation: No data are available on the product itself. Based on an eye irritation study (OECD 405) on a similar substance (cesium nitrate), this product is considered to have no irritating potential.

Sensitization: No data are available on the product itself. Based on the results of a sensitization study (OECD 429) on a similar substance (cesium nitrate), cesium sulfate is not classified as a sensitizer.

Mutagenicity: Cesium sulfate is considered non-mutagenic in the bacterial reverse mutation assay (OECD 471). Based on the results of an in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test (OECD 476) on similar substances (cesium hydroxide and cesium iodide), this product is considered non-mutagenic.

Reproductive Toxicity: Based on a 90-day oral repeated dose toxicity study (OECD 408) on a similar substance (cesium chloride), this product is classified as Reproductive Toxicity Category 2 - suspected of damaging fertility. Male and female rats were used in the study. Effects on reproductive organs and reproductive cycles were seen only in males. The reproductive effects were generally secondary to other toxic effects on adrenals and kidneys. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for reproductive effects is equivalent to 10 mg Cs/kg bodyweight/day.

Developmental toxicity: No data are available on the product itself. Based on the results of a Prenatal Developmental Toxicity Study (OECD 414), this product is not considered a developmental toxicant.

STOT - single exposure: Not conclusive for classification.

STOT - repeated exposure: Based on a 90-day oral repeated dose toxicity study (OECD 408) on a similar substance (cesium chloride), this product is classified as STOT-RE Category 2 - may cause damage to multiple organs (kidneys and adrenals) through prolonged or repeated exposure. The No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) for kidney and adrenal effects is equivalent to 10 mg Cs/kg bodyweight/day.

Aspiration Hazard: No information available.

12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Aquatic Toxicity: ACUTE TOXICITY. Fish: Based on the results of the OECD 203 acute fish toxicity study on cesium hydroxide monohydrate, the calculated values of LC50 (96h), LOEC (96h), and NOEC (96h) for cesium are greater than 79.2 mg/L and for cesium sulfate are greater than 107.8 mg/L.

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Daphnia: Daphnia magna (OECD 202) - cesium sulfate: EC50 (48h) = 91.2 mg/L; NOEC (48h) = 76.9 mg/L.

CHRONIC TOXICITY. No data are available on the product itself.

Fish: Based on the results of the Fish Early-Life Stage Toxicity Test (OECD 210) on cesium hydroxide monohydrate (Zebrafish (Danio rerio)), the calculated NOEC for cesium was 34.0 mg/L and the LOEC was greater than 34.0 mg/L. For cesium sulfate, the calculated NOEC was 46.3 mg/L and the LOEC was greater than 46.3 mg/L.

Daphnia: Based on the results of the OECD 211 Daphnia magna reproduction test on cesium hydroxide monohydrate, the calculated NOEC (21d) for cesium was 12.5 mg/L, the EC50 (21d) was greater than 12.5 mg/L and the LOEC was 23.7 mg/L. For cesium sulfate, the calculated NOEC (21d) was 17.0 mg/L, the EC50 (21d) was greater than 17.0 mg/L, and the LOEC was 32.3 mg/L.

Algae: Based on the results of the OECD 201 acute algal growth inhibition test on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata - cesium hydroxide monohydrate, the EC50 (72h) calculated for cesium was 106.1 mg/L, the LOEC (72h) was 19.8 mg/L, and the NOEC (72h) was 9.9 mg/L. For cesium sulfate, the calculated EC50 (72h) value was 144.4 mg/L, the LOEC (72h) was 26.9 mg/L, and the NOEC (72h) was 13.5 mg/L.

Microorganism: Based on the results of the OECD 209 activated sludge respiration inhibition test - cesium hydroxide monohydrate, the calculated EC10 and EC50 values for cesium were greater than 792 mg/L and the NOEC was 792 mg/L. For cesium sulfate, the calculated values were as follows: EC10 and EC50 were greater than 1078 mg/L and NOEC was 1078 mg/L.

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE Persistence and degradability No information available

Bioaccumulation No information available.

Mobility: No information available.

Distribution to Environmental No information available. Compartments:

Other adverse effects: No information available.

13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS

Disclaimer: Information in this section pertains to the product as shipped in its intended composition as described in Section 3 of this SDS. Contamination or processing may change waste characteristics and requirements. Regulations may also apply to empty containers, liners or rinsate. State/provincial and local regulations may be different from federal regulations.

RCRA: Unused product would be considered a hazardous waste under U.S. RCRA, 40 CFR 261.

Unused and Uncontaminated Waste codes should be assigned by the user based on the application for which the Product: product was used. The unused material would be considered a hazardous waste. ______

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Disposal considerations: Product, as supplied, should be disposed of in accordance with the regulations issued by the appropriate federal, state and local authorities. Same consideration should be given to containers and packaging.

14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION

DOT