NASA Personal Air Transportation Technologies
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United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,836,541 Pham (45) Date of Patent: Nov
USOO5836541A United States Patent (19) 11 Patent Number: 5,836,541 Pham (45) Date of Patent: Nov. 17, 1998 54) EASILY-CONVERTIBLE FIXED-WING 3,986,686 10/1976 Girard ..................................... 244f7 A ROADABLE AIRCRAFT 4,269,374 5/1981 Miller .......................................... 244/2 4,720,061 1/1988 Abdenour et al. ... 244/46 76 Inventor: Roger N. C. Pham, 625 Veranda Ct., 4.881,701 11/1989 Bullard - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 244/2 #1140, Grand Prairie, Tex. 75050 5,050,817 9/1991 Miller .......................................... 244/2 21 Appl.ppl. No.: 859,7329 Primary Examiner-Galen L. Barefoot 57 ABSTRACT 22 Filed: May 21, 1997 57 A fixed-wing four-seat light aircraft that can be easily Related U.S. Application Data converted to a roadway vehicle within minutes by a single perSon in the field, comprising a one-piece wing center panel 63 Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 811,503, Mar. 5, 1997. with foldable wing tips on each sides. The whole wing unit (51) Int. Cl. ............................................... B64C37.00 is then rotatably mounted on top of the fuselage. The aircraft 52 U.S. CI 24412; 244/46; 244/49 features a conventional front-engine-and-propeller lay-out, 58 Fi la fs - - - - - - - - h - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - s 2442. 46.49 with a short fuselage for convenient roadability and 58) Field of Searc 244/135R, 1 R, 100 R. 1 02 R 50 garageability, with horizontal Stabilizer of Significant Span s s s s with foldable tips for adequate flight stability. The vehicle 56) References Cited has a low ride-height with a low center of gravity, four wheels with independent Suspension, nose-height leveling U.S. -
Preparation of Papers for AIAA Technical Conferences
15th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference 2015 Held at the AIAA Aviation Forum 2015 Dallas, Texas, USA 22-26 June 2015 Volume 1 of 3 ISBN: 978-1-5108-0818-8 Printed from e-media with permission by: Curran Associates, Inc. 57 Morehouse Lane Red Hook, NY 12571 Some format issues inherent in the e-media version may also appear in this print version. The contents of this work are copyrighted and additional reproduction in whole or in part are expressly prohibited without the prior written permission of the Publisher or copyright holder. The resale of the entire proceeding as received from CURRAN is permitted. For reprint permission, please contact AIAA’s Business Manager, Technical Papers. Contact by phone at 703-264-7500; fax at 703-264-7551 or by mail at 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA 20191, USA. TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 TERMINAL & SURFACE OPERATIONS I A Robust and Practical Decision Support Tool for Integrated Arrival-Departure-Surface Traffic Management (AIAA 2015-2270)...............................................................................................................................................................................................1 Aditya Saraf, Valentino Felipe, Bruce Sawhill Identification of Local and Propagated Queuing Effects at Major Airports (AIAA 2015-2271)............................................................16 Husni R. Idris Taxi Time Prediction at Charlotte Airport Using Fast-Time Simulation and Machine Learning Techniques (AIAA 2015-2272)..........................................................................................................................................................................................................32 -
Assessment of a Fuel Cell Powered Air Taxi in Urban Flight Conditions
Assessment of a Fuel Cell Powered Air Taxi in Urban Flight Conditions M. Husemann1, C. Glaser2, E. Stumpf3 Institute of Aerospace Systems (ILR), RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany This paper presents a first estimation of potential impacts on the flight operations of small air taxis in urban areas using a fuel cell instead of a battery as an energy resource. The expanding application of electric components is seen as a possibility to reduce operating costs and environmental impacts in the form of noise and pollutant emissions due to lower consumption of fossil fuels. The majority of such designs have so far been based on the use of (not yet) sufficiently efficient batteries. Long charging times, possible overheating or a limited service life in the form of limited charging cycles pose a challenge to the development of such aircraft. Parameter studies are conducted to identify possible advantages of using a fuel cell. In particular, the range and payload capacity ist investigated and first effects on the cost structure will be presented. The evaluation of the studies shows that the use of fuel cells enables significantly longer ranges than the use of batteries. In addition, the range potential gained can be used, for example, to transport more payload over the same distance. Furthermore, the technological maturity in the form of the individual energy density and the weight of the powertrain unit has a significant effect on the cost structure. Fuel cells therefore have a high potential for applications in the mobility sector, but still require extensive research efforts. I. Introduction Increasing traffic volume due to advanced technologies and growing mobility demand often leads to heavy traffic and circumstantial routing, especially in metropolitan areas. -
System of Systems Modeling for Personal Air Vehicles
9th AIAA/ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization AIAA 2002-5620 4-6 September 2002, Atlanta, Georgia SYSTEM -OF -SYSTEMS MO DELING FOR PERSONAL AIR VEHICLES Daniel DeLaurentis, Taewoo Kang, Choongiap Lim, Dimitri Mavris, Daniel Schrage Aerospace Systems Design Laboratory (ASDL) School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 http://www.asdl.gatech.edu Abstract Introduction On -going research is described in this paper System -of -systems problems contain multiple, concerning the development of a methodology for interacting, non -homogeneous functional elements, each adaptable system studies of future transportation of which may be represented as traditional systems solutions based upon personal air vehicles. Two themselves. This collection often exists within multiple challenges in this resea rch are presented. The hierarchies and is not packaged in a physical unit. Thus, challenge of deriving requirements for revolutionary according to this preliminary definition, an aircraft is a transportation concepts is a difficult one, due to the system while a network of personal aircraft operated fact that future transportation system infrastructure collaboratively with ground systems for improved and market economics are inter -related (and transportation is a system -of -systems. In such a probl em, uncertain) parts of the eq uation. Thus, there is a need for example, there are multiple, distinct vehicle types, for a macroscopic transportation model, and such a ground and air control networks, economic drivers, etc. task is well suited for the field of techniques known The increase in complexity brought by system -of - as system dynamics. The determination and system problems challenges the current state -of -the -art in visualization of the benefits of proposed personal air conceptual design methods. -
Fluid Mechanics, Drag Reduction and Advanced Configuration Aeronautics
NASA/TM-2000-210646 Fluid Mechanics, Drag Reduction and Advanced Configuration Aeronautics Dennis M. Bushnell Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia December 2000 The NASA STI Program Office ... in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected the advancement of aeronautics and space papers from scientific and technical science. The NASA Scientific and Technical conferences, symposia, seminars, or other Information (STI) Program Office plays a key meetings sponsored or co-sponsored by part in helping NASA maintain this important NASA. role. SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, The NASA STI Program Office is operated by technical, or historical information from Langley Research Center, the lead center for NASA programs, projects, and missions, NASA's scientific and technical information. The often concerned with subjects having NASA STI Program Office provides access to the substantial public interest. NASA STI Database, the largest collection of aeronautical and space science STI in the world. TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. English- The Program Office is also NASA's institutional language translations of foreign scientific mechanism for disseminating the results of its and technical material pertinent to NASA's research and development activities. These mission. results are published by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which includes the following Specialized services that complement the STI report types: Program Office's diverse offerings include creating custom thesauri, building customized TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of databases, organizing and publishing research completed research or a major significant results ... even providing videos. phase of research that present the results of NASA programs and include extensive For more information about the NASA STI data or theoretical analysis. -
FLYING CARS / ROADABLE AIRPLANES AUGUST 2012 Please Send Updates and Comments to Tom Teel: [email protected] Terrafugia
FLYING CARS / ROADABLE AIRPLANES AUGUST 2012 Please send updates and comments to Tom Teel: [email protected] Terrafugia INTERNATIONAL FLYING CAR ASSOCIATION http://www.flyingcarassociation.com We'd like to welcome you to the International Flying Car Association. Our goal is to help advance the emerging flying car industry by creating a central resource for information and communication between those involved in the industry, news networks, governments, and those seeking further information worldwide. The flying car industry is in its formative stages, and so is IFCA. Until this site is fully completed, we'd like to recommend you visit one of these IFCA Accredited Sites. www.flyingcars.com www.flyingcarreviews.com www.flyingcarnews.com www.flyingcarforums.com REFERENCE INFORMATION Roadable Times http://www.roadabletimes.com Transformer - Coming to a Theater Near You? http://www.aviationweek.com/Blogs.aspx?plckBlo PARAJET AUTOMOTIVE - SKYCAR gId=Blog:a68cb417-3364-4fbf-a9dd- http://www.parajetautomotive.com/ 4feda680ec9c&plckController=Blog&plckBlogPage= In January 2009 the Parajet Skycar expedition BlogViewPost&newspaperUserId=a68cb417-3364- team, led by former British army officer Neil 4fbf-a9dd- Laughton and Skycar inventor Gilo Cardozo 4feda680ec9c&plckPostId=Blog%253aa68cb417- successfully completed its inaugural flight, an 3364-4fbf-a9dd- incredible journey from the picturesque 4feda680ec9cPost%253a6b784c89-7017-46e5- surroundings of London to Tombouctou. 80f9- Supported by an experienced team of overland 41a312539180&plckScript=blogScript&plckElement -
Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II Incorporates Many Significant Technological Enhancements Derived from Predecessor Development Programs
AIAA AVIATION Forum 10.2514/6.2018-3368 June 25-29, 2018, Atlanta, Georgia 2018 Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference F-35 Air Vehicle Technology Overview Chris Wiegand,1 Bruce A. Bullick,2 Jeffrey A. Catt,3 Jeffrey W. Hamstra,4 Greg P. Walker,5 and Steve Wurth6 Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Company, Fort Worth, TX, 76109, United States of America The Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II incorporates many significant technological enhancements derived from predecessor development programs. The X-35 concept demonstrator program incorporated some that were deemed critical to establish the technical credibility and readiness to enter the System Development and Demonstration (SDD) program. Key among them were the elements of the F-35B short takeoff and vertical landing propulsion system using the revolutionary shaft-driven LiftFan® system. However, due to X- 35 schedule constraints and technical risks, the incorporation of some technologies was deferred to the SDD program. This paper provides insight into several of the key air vehicle and propulsion systems technologies selected for incorporation into the F-35. It describes the transition from several highly successful technology development projects to their incorporation into the production aircraft. I. Introduction HE F-35 Lightning II is a true 5th Generation trivariant, multiservice air system. It provides outstanding fighter T class aerodynamic performance, supersonic speed, all-aspect stealth with weapons, and highly integrated and networked avionics. The F-35 aircraft -
Remote ID NPRM Maps out UAS Airspace Integration Plans by Charles Alcock
PUBLICATIONS Vol.49 | No.2 $9.00 FEBRUARY 2020 | ainonline.com « Joby Aviation’s S4 eVTOL aircraft took a leap forward in the race to launch commercial service with a January 15 announcement of $590 million in new investment from a group led by Japanese car maker Toyota. Joby says it will have the piloted S4 flying as part of the Uber Air air taxi network in early adopter cities before the end of 2023, but it will surely take far longer to get clearance for autonomous eVTOL operations. (Full story on page 8) People HAI’s new president takes the reins page 14 Safety 2019 was a bad year for Part 91 page 12 Part 135 FAA has stern words for BlackBird page 22 Remote ID NPRM maps out UAS airspace integration plans by Charles Alcock Stakeholders have until March 2 to com- in planned urban air mobility applications. Read Our SPECIAL REPORT ment on proposed rules intended to provide The final rule resulting from NPRM FAA- a framework for integrating unmanned air- 2019-100 is expected to require remote craft systems (UAS) into the U.S. National identification for the majority of UAS, with Airspace System. On New Year’s Eve, the exceptions to be made for some amateur- EFB Hardware Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) pub- built UAS, aircraft operated by the U.S. gov- When it comes to electronic flight lished its long-awaited notice of proposed ernment, and UAS weighing less than 0.55 bags, (EFBs), most attention focuses on rulemaking (NPRM) for remote identifica- pounds. -
Class 244 Aeronautics and Astronautics 244 - 1
CLASS 244 AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS 244 - 1 244 AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS 1 R MISCELLANEOUS 168 ..By solar pressure 1 N .Noise abatement 169 ..By jet motor 1 A .Lightning arresters and static 170 ..By nutation damper eliminators 171 ..With attitude sensor means 1 TD .Trailing devices 171.1 .With propulsion 2 COMPOSITE AIRCRAFT 171.2 ..Steerable mount 3 .Trains 171.3 ..Launch from surface to orbit 3.1 MISSILE STABILIZATION OR 171.4 ...Horizontal launch TRAJECTORY CONTROL 171.5 ..Without mass expulsion 3.11 .Remote control 171.6 .Having launch pad cooperating 3.12 ..Trailing wire structure 3.13 ..Beam rider 171.7 .With shield or other protective 3.14 ..Radio wave means (e.g., meteorite shield, 3.15 .Automatic guidance insulation, radiation/plasma 3.16 ..Optical (includes infrared) shield) 3.17 ...Optical correlation 171.8 ..Active thermal control 3.18 ...Celestial navigation 171.9 .With special crew accommodations 3.19 ..Radio wave 172.1 ..Emergency rescue means (e.g., escape pod) 3.2 ..Inertial 172.2 .With fuel system details 3.21 ..Attitude control mechanisms 172.3 ..Fuel tank arrangement 3.22 ...Fluid reaction type 172.4 .Rendezvous or docking 3.23 .Stabilized by rotation 172.5 ..Including satellite servicing 3.24 .Externally mounted stabilizing appendage (e.g., fin) 172.6 .With deployable appendage 3.25 ..Removable 172.7 .With solar panel 3.26 ..Sliding 172.8 ..Having solar concentrator 3.27 ..Collapsible 172.9 ..Having launch hold down means 3.28 ...Longitudinally rotating 173.1 .With payload accommodation 3.29 ...Radially rotating -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,104.498 B2 Englar Et Al
USOO7104498B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7,104.498 B2 Englar et al. (45) Date of Patent: Sep. 12, 2006 (54) CHANNEL-WING SYSTEM FOR THRUST 2,665,083. A 1, 1954 Custer ....................... 244, 12.6 DEFLECTION AND FORCE/MOMENT 2,687.262 A 8, 1954 Custer GENERATION 2.691,494. A * 10, 1954 Custer ....................... 244, 12.6 2,885,160 A * 5/1959 Griswold, II ............... 244,207 (75) Inventors: Robert J. Englar, Marietta, GA (US); 2.937,823 A * 5/1960 Fletcher ..................... 244, 12.6 Dennis M. Bushnell, Hayes, VA (US) (73) Assignee: Georgia Tech Research Corp., Atlanta, (Continued) GA (US) Primary Examiner Peter M. Poon Assistant Examiner Jia Qi (Josh) Zhou (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Thomas, Kayden, patent is extended or adjusted under 35 Horstemeyer & Risley, LLP U.S.C. 154(b) by 111 days. (57) ABSTRACT (21) Appl. No.: 10/867,114 An aircraft comprising a Channel Wing having blown chan (22) Filed: Jun. 14, 2004 nel circulation control wings (CCW) for various functions. The blown channel CCW includes a channel that has a (65) Prior Publication Data rounded or near-round trailing edge. The channel further has US 2005/OO29396 A1 Feb. 10, 2005 a trailing-edge slot that is adjacent to the rounded trailing edge of the channel. The trailing-edge slot has an inlet Related U.S. Application Data connected to a source of pressurized air and is capable of tangentially discharging pressurized air over the rounded (60) Provisional application No. -
Treball Final De Grau
TREBALL FINAL DE GRAU TÍTOL DEL TFG: Air taxi transportation infrastructures in Barcelona TITULACIÓ: Grau en Enginyeria d’Aeronavegació AUTOR: Alexandru Nicorici Ionut DIRECTOR: José Antonio Castán Ponz DATA: 19 de juny del 2020 Títol: Air taxi transportation infrastructures in Barcelona Autor: Alexandru Nicorici Ionut Director: José Antonio Castán Ponz Data: 19 de juny del 2020 Resum El següent projecte parteix de la visió d’un futur on la mobilitat urbana es reparteix també al medi aèri. A partir d’aquesta premissa, s’escull el dron de passatgers com a mitjà de transport i es busca adaptar tot un sistema infrastructural per al vehicle autònom dins el perímetre d’una ciutat, Barcelona. En un inici, la primera pregunta a respondre és: permet la normativa actual l’ús de drons de passatgers autònoms en zones urbanes? Tant les regulacions europees com les nacionals espanyoles han estat estudiades i resumides per determinar que sí es permeten operacions amb aquest tipus de vehicles i es preveu la seva integració dintre de l’aviació civil. Seguidament, un estudi de mercat de taxi drons és realitzat amb l’objectiu d’esbrinar si la tecnologia d’avui dia permet operar a paràmetres òptims i oferir el servei de taxi d’una manera completament segura i satisfactòria per al client. Prototips en fase de test i actualment funcionals han estat analitzats; per finalment, elegir un d’aquest últims com a candidat apte per al transport de persones dins la capital catalana. Un cop es té el vehicle de transport, cal mirar si la pròpia ciutat ofereix garanties d’èxit per aquest servei de transport aeri. -
Technical University of Munich Professorship for Modeling Spatial Mobility
Technical University of Munich Professorship for Modeling Spatial Mobility ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION OF URBAN AIR MOBILITY OPERATION Author: ALONA PUKHOVA Supervised by: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Rolf Moeckel (TUM) M. Sc. Raoul Rothfeld (Bauhaus Luftfahrt e.V.) 24.04.2019 Contents Abstract iv Acknowledgements v Acronym List vi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Urban Air Mobility . 1 1.2 Advent of electric mobility and current state of the technology . 2 1.3 The impact of transportation on environment . 6 1.4 Research questions . 8 2 Literature Review 9 2.1 Emission modelling tools, emission factor . 9 2.2 Environmental evaluation of conventional transportation . 11 2.3 Effect of electrification in transportation on the environment . 13 2.3.1 Conventional and electric cars . 13 2.3.2 Electric Buses . 16 2.3.3 Electric bikes and scooters . 17 2.4 Air vehicle types and characteristics . 19 2.5 Source and composition of electricity . 26 i 3 Methodology 30 3.1 MATSim and UAM Extension . 30 3.2 Munich City Scenario . 31 3.2.1 Status quo (baseline) . 33 3.2.2 UAM integration . 33 3.3 Emission Calculation . 35 3.3.1 Electricity Mix . 37 3.3.2 Air Vehicle . 39 3.3.3 Conventional and electric cars . 41 3.3.4 Bus . 42 3.3.5 Tram . 44 3.3.6 U-Bahn (Underground Train) . 45 3.3.7 Sub-Urban and Regional Trains . 46 4 Results 49 4.1 Baseline Scenario . 49 4.2 Urban Air Vehicle . 51 4.3 UAM Scenario . 55 4.4 Comparison of BaU and UAM Scenarios .