VOLUME 14 . ISSUE 98 . YEAR 2020

METU & ODTÜ TEKNOKENT ’S PIONEER IN UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY THE STATE OF AND COOPERATION F-4 PHANTOM-II FLIGHT ROUTE IN TURKEY & WORLD T70 GETTING READY FOR ITS MAIDEN FLIGHT! ISSN 1306 5998 INTERNATIONAL FUTURE SOLDIER CONFERENCE

29-30 SEPTEMBER 2020 Sheraton-

Within the scope of the planned conference program, panels, presentations, and discussions will be held in the following related technology fields:

• Combat Clothing, Individual Equipment & Balistic Protection • Weapons, Sensors, Non Lethal Weapons, Ammunition • Power Solutions • Soft Target Protection • Soldier Physical, Mental and Cognitive Performance INTERNATIONAL • Robotics and Autonomous Systems SOLDIECONFERENCE R • Medical FUTURE • C4ISTAR Systems ifscturkey.com • Exoskeleton Technology • CBRN • Logistics Capability

organised by

supported by supported by supported by

in cooperation with

Publisher 6 34 Hatice Ayşe EVERS

Editor in Chief Ayşe AKALIN [email protected]

Managing Editor Cem AKALIN [email protected]

International Relations Director Şebnem AKALIN [email protected] Turkey & Qatar Foul-Weather Friends! Editor İbrahim SÜNNETÇİ [email protected]

Administrative Coordinator Yeşim BİLGİNOĞLU YÖRÜK [email protected] 48

Correspondent Saffet UYANIK [email protected] A Message from the President F-4 Phantom II Flight Translation of Defense Industries Prof. Route in Turkey & Tanyel AKMAN İsmail DEMİR on the Measures [email protected] Taken Against COVID-19 in World Turkey Editing Mona Melleberg YÜKSELTÜRK

Graphics & Design Gülsemin BOLAT Görkem ELMAS [email protected] 12 Photographer Sinan Niyazi KUTSAL

Advisory Board (R) Fahir ALTAN (R) Captain Zafer BETONER Prof Dr. Nafiz ALEMDAROĞLU Cem KOÇ Asst. Prof. Dr. Altan ÖZKİL Kaya YAZGAN Ali KALIPÇI Zeynep KAREL

DEFENCE TURKEY Administrative Office DT Medya LTD.STI Güneypark Kümeevleri (Sinpaş Altınoran) Kule 3 No:142 Middle East Technical Çankaya Ankara / Turkey University & ODTÜ Tel: +90 (312) 557 90 20 [email protected] TEKNOKENT www.defenceturkey.com 68 Printing Demir Ofis Kırtasiye Perpa Ticaret Merkezi B Blok Kat:8 No:936 Şişli / 20 Tel: +90 212 222 26 36 [email protected] www.demirofiskirtasiye.com

Basım Tarihi Şubat-Mart 2020

Yayın Türü Süreli

DT Medya LTD. ŞTİ. Middle East Technical © All rights reserved. The State of Qatar and Qatar Armed University & ODTÜ TEK No part of publication may be reproduced by TSSK's 7th Project Market and any means without written permission. Forces Cooperation Summit Held in Ankara NOKENT 74 82 98 Otokar Concluded 2019 with Record Type 214TN REIS Growth Class & Capabilities in the Eastern Mediterranean

FNSS Ramp-up Serial Production of KAPLAN ATV

100

78 Qualification Tests of HGK-83 Dynamic Manta 2020 (DYMA20) - NATO’s Advanced Anti-Submarine Warfare Exercise Ammunition 90 Completed Successfully! T70 Getting Ready for its Maiden Flight!

81

Nurol Makina Exports Koç Bilgi Sistem ve Savunma Teknolojileri A.Ş Ejder TOMA Riot Strategic Supplier of REİS Class Type 214TN Control Vehicles to 104 Chile

The Sky's No 94 Longer the Limit for Start-Ups Qualification Tests of HGK-83 Ammunition Completed Successfully!

ISSN 1306 5998 VOLUME: 14 ISSUE: 98 YEAR: 2020

How COVID-19 will Impact the Defense Industry? Ayşe AKALIN Publisher & Editor in Chief

The impact of the • How will companies in the supply thinking and pondering life COVID-19 pandemic manufacturing chain are financially from the balcony of their facilities and the has brought forth an supply chain be vulnerable and it may home, perhaps taking that unprecedented state affected? impact the procurement much needed breath of of uncertainty for all of the material and fresh air. What did human • What new challenges business circles as will marketing and equipment. beings miss out on while well as the defense business development they were focused on industry. Executives and face? While it is too early to corporate goals, contracts, predict whether the officials are struggling • What are the new new markets, competition, to understand the new market scenarios that industry will be stable, of if ambition of success, and situation with new we need to be aware of it will take a major or minor making more money? Now, in order to implement dip, it is significant that challenges to tackle. realistic changes in our it is as if an environment strategies? defense companies define was created for everyone Most global and Turkish what the major impact to slow down, a time for defense companies are • What approaches points are and to assess can be considered to introspection, to think taking some actions to effectively reposition their potential to reposition about... who I am, what protect staff from the businesses for stability and adjust future plans. and growth? do I want from life, what COVID-19 outbreak. I do I love and what is Moreover, I personally believe that the most • What are the really important to me? government’s policies believe that the whole comprehensive scenario- The only thing we cannot and the steps taken world is facing many based analyses on how earn more of, to gain, no to help local defense of the same problems to survive and achieve companies to matter how hard we try, is mitigate the effects during this calamitous stability should be time. During this unusual of the unprecedented time. It is as if the pause conducted by defense time I too hope to quiet my challenges caused by button of the whole world organizations and defense the outbreak? mind. Our personal lives was pressed in an instant. authorities to protect extend to our business lives Overall, when compared to Events, fairs, the visits of local industries with a with the full of energy of consumer-based sectors, official delegations, and re-evaluation of business our intent and we can all the defense industry will meetings have come to a strategies. use this important time to most likely see less of an full stop. Business travelers calmly reflect, learn new The major concerns that impact thanks to its long- who once could not catch skills and to look at life with have arisen in the defense term program protected their breath between daily, a different perspective… industry with the spread of by budgeted government weekly and monthly travel COVID-19, are as follows: expenses. However, many for meetings, are now Enjoy this issue... A Message from the President of Defense Industries Prof. İsmail DEMİR on the Measures Taken Against COVID-19 in Turkey

As the Turkish defense under the leadership of our industry sector, we continue President Recep Tayyip to perform our activities ERDOĞAN and strain to while complying with the continue critical defense measures taken against industry production as Coronavirus (Covid-19) well as R&D and technology nationwide. While the development activities activities in critical projects without any interruption. continue, work-from- home practices are also Defense is a holistic being implemented. In concept; therefore, the and we think that they can especially our Ministry of such cases, there may be a defense of a country cannot be easily applied to other Health, to this end. certain slowdown in every be accomplished only fields. The awareness raised As the Presidency, we sector, but in the defense through military and armed will be an opportunity believe in the dynamism industry, we continue our elements. In addition to the to trigger a national and enthusiasm of the activities without affecting armed forces, areas such as technology movement in sector, and we our critical projects. While intelligence, transportation, the healthcare industry. encourage them through doing this, we take our health, communication, For the topic of various endeavors. We precautions believing that information technology, ventilation devices for support companies human health comes first. cyber security, energy example, defense industry demonstrating diligence, The knowhow in the sector and agriculture are also companies have opened dynamism and a and the competence of crucial in the defense their doors and are offering certain technological personnel are important to vision. For the security of all their capabilities to meet infrastructure in times us. In order to protect their a country and society, the the sub-components of when they need extra health and ensure their defense concept needs the devices or specific backing or long-term maximum efficiency, we be tackled with a holistic technology needs, and planning. When needed, carry on our activities with perspective. Our Turkish the use of their existing we issue projects and measures to guarantee defense industry is ready to infrastructure, test orders in furtherance their maximum compliance provide all kinds of support infrastructure and facilities. of a future-focused with health guidelines. including the knowhow and achievements to the Indigenous and national vision. In some cases, we In certain projects where healthcare field. We can health technologies perform activities aiming force majeure cases arise, make use of our existing are one of the most at developing multi- we examine the related knowhow and experience important elements of utilization technologies. We applications, and if we on electronic devices, the move toward national will have full support here really consider them as circuits, imaging and technology in the long as well, with an approach force majeure cases, image processing devices, term. Our defense industry of supporting various we take the necessary microelectromechanical sector is ready to support capabilities, backing precautions. Even now, systems, control systems, our country’s healthcare them, and partnering if we are exerting all efforts materials and material industry with all its necessary, rather than a to make sure such force technologies that can be knowhow, capabilities and policy such as maximum majeure does not occur, used in medical devices, infrastructures achieved by involvement of defense and we highlight that we and chemicals, biology and means of the R&D activities industry companies in should keep the ball rolling radiation technologies, also carried out in TUBITAK the healthcare sector. and the system should in the healthcare industry. and its institutes under Here, what is important continue to work on the the Ministry of Industry is to determine the level basis of the subcontractor. The multiple utilization and Technology for the of support specifically for In this struggle, we, as the of the defense industry’s purpose of establishing this which technology, which defense industry, both existing capabilities was technology. Our industry company and for which follow the measures taken previously brought forward. will be the supporter of need. We have opened all We own such technologies all relevant institutions, the cards on the table. For

6 the sake of our country, we are ready to provide any The Invisible Enemy – How support for the success of the 'National Technology Defense Industry Companies Move'. This can be achieved through our Presidency as are Coping with the Global well as our defense industry companies. Instead of establishing a healthcare Pandemic company under the title of a by Saffet UYANIK defense industry company, Following its declaration as a pandemic, the Novel Coronavirus we believe that it will be more effectual to gather (COVID-19), pushed countries to take strict measures and raised with diligent companies in many questions regarding both the economy and the continuity the healthcare industry and of production activities. work with them. COVID-19 (Coronavirus the industry are affected meet the needs arising Disease 2019) is currently by the unexpected in the health sector. The public sector especially affecting 203 countries emergence of the COVID-19 Emphasizing that the needs to examine, in and territories around the outbreak. Turkish Defense Industry particular, domestic world and has brought is ready to provide all capabilities in all kinds of businesses and entire On the other hand, defense kinds of support for health products supplied directly economies to a halt. industry companies have services with its knowledge from abroad. It is important Numerous countries are in significant infrastructure and capabilities, DEMİR also for other sectors to the midst of implementing and capability in stated that they are proceed by considering either mitigation measures technology development keeping personnel in the domestic capabilities or curfews that are taking and production. This charge of necessary tasks here after exploring the a toll on both people and extensive know-how in companies and are opportunities available industry. While most of and R&D offers a real ensuring that the required in different areas. It is the attention has been opportunity to contribute measures are taken during important to introduce the focused on the impact on to the studies being carried the work. products into the market health services and the out in other sectors, such but making it with national economy, the spread of as healthcare especially Stating that their main and domestic opportunities the virus is beginning to in providing electronic goal is to protect the is even more important for affect defense industry equipment, circuits, health of employees the future of our country. companies that were imaging and image without disrupting critical Perhaps we may not achieve involved in large scale processing devices, operations, DEMİR the full functionality of military projects. Many Microelectromechanical emphasized that they have the products in the first companies have already systems (MEMS), control taken several measures to stage, we may wait a urged their employees systems, materials and maintain their activities little. In the long term, it is to work from home or material technologies that and to ensure maximum necessary to place great have placed them on can be used in medical compliance with health importance to the concept administrative leave. devices. rules to guarantee the of indigenousness for our health of personnel. future. It is essential for the However, most of the In light of the recent Emphasizing that the sectors to communicate workforce is still reporting developments, with the concept of defense is a with each other, to have a for work and the bulk of the emergence of the Novel matter of understanding commonly known map of production is still ongoing Coronavirus (COVID-19), and not only to meet the our industry and technology thanks to enhanced President of Defense needs and equipment ecosystem, and to take disinfection efforts and Industries İsmail DEMİR of the Armed Forces or maximum advantage of it in shift changes that have made a statement about Security Forces, İsmail purchases and acquisitions. reduced the number of the contributions that can DEMİR drew attention to The Presidency of Defense people working at one be made to the health the transfer and use of the Industries has achieved time. Although defense care sector by defense experience of the defense this previously on various companies try to continue industry companies. The sector to other sectors. occasions, and we consider their business without President of Defense that this model can be an disruption, both domestic Industries İsmail DEMİR Pointing out that existing example in other sectors as and foreign disturbances evaluated the measures capabilities of the defense well. have caused a slowdown taken due to the Novel industry can be easily in the industry as the Coronavirus (COVID-19) applied to other fields, President of Defense main contractors and pandemic and the DEMİR affirmed that Industries Prof. İsmail procurement processes in contributions of defense the awareness raised is a DEMİR industry companies to beginning for the national

7 production of disposable face masks at the MKE facilities was also increased to 400-500 thousand.

When we look at the 2018 figures of the Turkish Defense Industry published by the Defense and Aerospace Industry Manufacturers Association (SaSaD), the total turnover rate increased by 30.90% despite all the adversities experienced in 2018 and reached US$8,761 billion, while the number of employees reached 67,239 with a 50.29% increase MSB © © compared to last year. COMMER While the defense industry is currently not affected technology movement to to combat the COVID-19 short-term meetings, as much as many other be implemented in the field pandemic, to take necessary courses, fairs, and seminars industries, maintaining of healthcare. DEMİR also measures and supervise all were also canceled until all assembly lines and an added that they are ready to processes. Employing other further notice. To protect active workforce in the face use all capabilities, existing personnel from the General the border units from the of a global pandemic is a infrastructure, and the Directorate of Primary Novel Coronavirus, new challenging situation that facilities of defense industry Health Care Services, ways to minimize contact defense companies could companies to provide the COMMER aims to establish with individuals caught face. sub-components of much- essential protection against during illegal crossings needed equipment such as the pandemic in the were determined, and As part of the fight against ventilators. DEMİR stated units, headquarters, and troops were equipped the virus, has that the defense industry institutions of the Ministry with protective clothing, announced that it has is ready to operate in of National Defense. The gloves, and masks. Upon initiated an R&D study on the health sector with center closely follows the the instructions given by diagnosing the COVID-19 all its capabilities and developments in both the Minister of National infection with a sensitive infrastructure. R&D Turkey and all over the world Defense to optical biosensor method in studies have been carried and carries out planning, produce masks that are in the Aselsan Research Centre out by institutes within management, follow-up, high demand because of Biodefence Department, the Ministry of Industry and monitoring activities. the COVID-19 outbreak, which had previously been and Technology and COMMER monitors the MKE Machinery and Gas successful in detecting TÜBİTAK to build domestic implementation of the Mask Factory (MAKSAM) the Hepatitis-B virus. and national healthcare measures taken in the has accelerated its Implementing contact- technologies. Indicating as production. MKE MAKSAM reducing measures in line that we should attach great part of the fight against facilities produce chemical, with the social distancing importance to the concept the COVID-19 outbreak biological, radiological, and guidelines determined by of nationalization and and develops actions nuclear (CBRN) gas masks, the Ministry of Health and localization for our future and medical plans to be as well as rubber-based the Coronavirus Scientific in the long term, DEMİR implemented to address masks developed against Committee, Aselsan emphasized that everyone possible cases. viral hazards. As part of the stated that the company should use a shared map of measures taken against temporarily stopped using the industry and technology Additionally, within the the COVID-19 outbreak, biometric palm scanners at ecosystem to maximum scope of the battle against workers continue to the entrances and exits of potential. the COVID-19 pandemic, produce disposable face its facilities as of February all Military Academies, masks. Production lines 26, 2020. Additionally, as Under the directives of the Institutes, and Higher are regularly disinfected, of March 20, 2020, the Minister of National Defense Education Schools under and the body temperature company allowed only Hulusi AKAR , the COVID-19 the National Defense of employees are 4,965 of its 8,100 employees Fighting Center (COMMER) University were closed until measured and recorded to continue their duties was established within the April 13, 2020. Activities such at the entrance and exit to reduce density in its Ministry of National Defense as ceremonies, conferences, of the factory. The daily premises. Furthermore, the

8 rm oe Nrl also Nurol home. from work their continue to daysallowedthem and14 administrativeleaveon for who returned from aboard employees & managers its placed company The that it continues production. Nurol Makina announced facilities, its at measures sterilization disinfection& has necessary the conducted it that Stating conference. via teleconference or video customers and partners with meeting all conduct would it that stated also regulations.company The period not less than the legal on administrative leave for a the age of 60, will be placed and workersoverare who previous critical operations, and illnesses chronic with employees personnel, disadvantaged and pregnant that announced company the measures, ofscopethese the Within measures. distancing social with line in density the reduceto home from work to started have of work, certain employees field their on based that, team Emergency” Outbreak Virus “Coronary its with measures are carriedout Ensuring that the necessary Leaders (ASIL) Program. InnovationSocial Aselsan the careworkers through equipment needs of health and material the meet to it launched an aid campaign company also reported that The employee. each for meals packed provide would it that stated and notice as of March 19, 2020 further until campuses its cafeteriason the all closed Aselsan 2020. 16, March administrativeofleave as employeeson vulnerable and personnel pregnant due to COVID-19 and placed to its working environment changes made company announced FNSS, abroad would be placed on employeesfrom returning all and notice, further until canceled been had internationaltravelall that Defense alsoannounced Meteksan environment. the intensity in the working to reducequalifications work their to according started to work from home employees certain that stated DefenseMeteksan with the Ministry of Health, coordination In control. under kept be can level risk the that and Health of Ministry the from a contrary notification company doesnot receive precautions, as long as the necessary all with work to continue wouldit that Turkey,stated Meteksan is of critical importance for Since the defense industry of Health. Ministry ofthe guidelines at its facilities in line with the social distancing measures March 25, 2020, due to due 2020, 25, March from starting days, 14 for activities production Otokar decided to suspend affecting the whole world, effects of the Coronavirus of measures taken to reduce framework the that within stated ofand Operations Suspension or Impossibility Complete or Partial (PDP) about the company's Platform Disclosure Public the via announcement Otokar madean quarantine 14 days. administrative leave for self- mlmne necessary implemented measures for the health of health formeasuresthe Continuity Planand Business company's the of framework the within operations would continue non-production relatedto activities that noted also Otokar countries. Europeanprocessesfrom deliveryprocurementand COVID-19. and business partners from to protect all its employees onwards2020,30,March a rotating shift system as of activities with continueits will it that announced has Technology) SDT (Space andDefense activity. of fields theiraccordingto work in minimum numbers otheremployeesall while continue to work remotely to staff administrative its allowed also MILMAST precautions. related all applies and rules, distancing social the to adheres periodically, it disinfects all facilities company that announced the concern, primary MILMAST's are customers and families, employees, their of safety the that Emphasizing effectively. industry defense the of activities to meet the needs company would continue its the countermeasures, Pandemic COVID-19 to MILMAST manufacturer (Mast) TelescopicSystemsLifting its employees. h dsutos n the in disruptions the stated that due due that stated ©©MSB h Nvl Coronavirus Novel the staying at home to combat stressed the importance of and guidelines distancing ofscopesocial the within outbreak COVID-19 the for Havelsan by taken measures regarding information provided Atalay Hamdi Ahmet Havelsan General Manager ht h cmay aims company the that Roketsan announced equipment. In this context, providemedical to duties company is ready to fulfill its because and stated that the pandemic COVID-19 the to due production its stop not it wouldthat reported Roketsan Forces, Armed Turkish the for systems weapon critical produce they that Underlining infrastructures. necessary the creating bycustomers of its needs the meet to improve to Havelsancontinue would that underlined and home they tofrom workstarted outbreak, Atalay stated that a while due to the COVID-19 education and activities for public stoppedthey that applications. Announcing intelligence artificial and learning, deep learning, the internet about machine online andfree courses on numerous are there that stated and technologies intelligence artificial learn forto called people young to learnto code. Atalay engaging in online training period this spend to upon people youngcalled (COVID-19) He pandemic.

©©MSB 9 to share its technological to their sites remains a know-how and production top priority. To protect infrastructure to provide its employees, Boeing the much-needed medical increased the cleaning equipment to support of high-touch areas and the fight against the virus impacted sites and asked outbreak. Roketsan also all employees who can stated that Turkey will effectively do their jobs succeed in this struggle from home to telecommute. with its trained workforce, It offered its Dreamlifter to scientific infrastructure, transport urgently needed and solidarity as a nation supplies to healthcare and offered its gratitude to professionals and utilized Selçuk BAYRAKTAR all healthcare professionals © 3D printing capabilities to © working with great devotion manufacture face shields, in the fight against infrastructure in the defense will continue to perform and shipping masks, gloves, COVID-19. industry, and Arçelik deliver for its customers, and other equipment for opened its facilities for serial and third, LM will do its its employees in impacted As part of the fight against production. Stating that part to use the know-how, areas and for hospitals the outbreak, various Baykar ordered 250 devices resources, and leadership in need. The company defense industry companies from Biosys to boost the as a company to assist its also encouraged virtual supported the medical production of ventilators, communities during this meetings whenever ventilator production Selçuk BAYRAKTAR, in his period of national crisis. possible and social campaign initiated by statement from his twitter distancing of 6 feet (1.82m) CTO of Baykar, Selçuk account, expressed his As an initial contribution or more when face-to-face BAYRAKTAR on March gratitude to the relevant to the COVID-19 relief and meetings are critical. 22 and the production of companies and announced recovery effort, Lockheed 5,000 devices has started. In its most recent statement that 1,000 medical Martin announced that it To combat the Novel about COVID-19, BAE ventilators were donated. would advance more than Coronavirus (COVID-19), Systems is focusing He also added that 5,000 US$50 million to small and the ventilators (artificial on safeguarding the respiratory equipment medium-sized business respiration apparatus) health and wellbeing would be produced for the partners in its supply chain are as crucial as the of its more than 35,000 needs of the Ministry of to ensure they have the coronavirus test kits. In most employees, their families, Health in total. financial means to continue countries where there are to operate, sustain jobs, and local communities. numerous critical patients Following the and support the economy. As BAE Systems carry out in intensive care units due announcement of the LM has also activated a their mission-essential to coronavirus, the number pandemic, international US$6.5 million employee work in support of of ventilators is insufficient. defense industry companies disaster relief fund to national security and the Although there aren't started to take measures to assist critical transportation any ventilator shortages continue their production employees and retirees infrastructure of the in Turkey, domestic amidst a global outbreak impacted by COVID-19. US, the company companies continue to and to protect the health Additionally, LM donated monitors guidance manufacture ventilators in of their employees. the use of its corporate from governmental and case of increased demand. and vehicle fleet for health authorities and The US defense giant COVID-19 relief logistical updates their procedures The company Biosys Lockheed Martin has support and medical supply accordingly. To support which operates at Bilkent been forced to stop the delivery and indicated social distancing, BAE has Teknopark is one of these production of F-35 parts that the company would asked employees who companies. Aselsan at two facilities in also donate the use of its can work remotely to do cooperated with Biosys and Japan due to the facilities for crisis-related so. Given the essential in 2018 and aimed to coronavirus. In response to activities including critical nature of its business, the make Turkey one of the this crisis, Lockheed Martin medical supply storage, company stated that not six countries that can made an announcement distribution, and COVID-19 all of the work could be manufacture medical and stated that the testing, where needed and done from home, so BAE ventilators. In this context, company would be guided practical. has put in place measures Baykar Defense, Aselsan, by and will operate with recommended by the Havelsan, Tarnet, Turkish three clear priorities. First, Regarding the Coronavirus Centers for Disease Control Aerospace, and Roketsan LM will continue to protect (COVID-19), Boeing and Prevention, including provided technical support the health and safety of its stated that the safety enhanced cleaning for ventilator production employees on the job and of its employees, their procedures and various using their experience and their families. Second, LM dependents, and visitors forms of social distancing

10 Canceled or Postponed Defense Industry Fairs, Air Shows, Conferences and Events Due to the COVID-19 Outbreak Within the framework of the measures adopted against the novel coronavirus pandemic COVID-19, the fairs, EXPOs, congresses, conferences and company events planned to be organized in the first half of 2020 on a national and international scale were either canceled or postponed to the second half of the year. Which fairs were canceled and which were postponed during this period of uncertainty? We’ve kept up with the process for you. Within the framework of The UDT (Undersea The International planned to be held on the measures taken due to Defense Technology) fair, Eurosatory 2020 fair, March 23-24 this year, was the coronavirus epidemic which was planned to take which was scheduled postponed to September that started in in place in Rotterdam on May to take place in Paris on 29-30, 2020 as per the January 2019 and later 26-28, was postponed to June 08-12 this year, was decision of the Conference became a pandemic, the December 08-10, 2020. canceled on March 26th Executive Committee. DIMDEX 2020 fair, was with the announcement planned to be held on The KADEX 2020, which made by GICAT within The 9th Air and Avionics March 16-18, 2020. This is was planned to be held in the framework of the Seminar that would have a fair that Turkish Defense Kazakhstan on May 26-28, measures taken by the taken place in Ankara on Industry companies have was postponed to June 10- French government. In April 28-29 was postponed been attending for years 13, 2021. the statement made to September 3-4, 2020. and it was canceled on by GICAT, it was noted The Berlin ILA fair, which SEDEC Conference that March 3, due to the state that the preparations is sponsored by Defence was scheduled to be held of emergency declared in (transportation of Turkey Magazine as a on June 2-4, 2020 was the country. necessary equipment, media sponsor and was postponed to September travel arrangements of scheduled to take place in 15-17, 2020. SOFEX 2020, which will participants and hotel Berlin on May 13-17, 2020, be held in , was planning, health measures, was canceled with the Regarding the 10th postponed to a later etc.) are no longer written statement made Defense Technologies date, not because of the possible and therefore the by the organization. The Congress (SAVTEK), coronavirus outbreak, but organization will not take statement made by the there has not been a because of the damage place this year. The next ILA organizing committee notice of postponement caused to the venue due edition of the organization states that “events with an or cancellation about the to heavy rain at the end of will take place on June 13- anticipated attendance event which is scheduled January. 17, 2022. of at least 1,000 persons to be held on June 24-26, 2020 and the schedule The FIDAE fair, scheduled and above are forbidden, Conferences and for March 31, 2020 in Chile, in accordance with the Fairs in Turkey also of the event remains was postponed until measures taken by the postponed unchanged on the official further notice. German government due to website. the coronavirus outbreak”. The SAHA EXPO 2020, one It is observed that the The DSA Malaysia fair, With the announcement, it of the defense industry events planned to be held which was planned to was disclosed to the public events in Turkey that would in the first seven months be held on April 20- that the event has been have taken place on March of the year have been 23, was postponed to canceled and will not be 25-28, was postponed to affected by pandemic August 24-27, 2020 with held this year. November 4-7, 2020 with the statement made by the decision taken by the measures and there have the DSA organization on The Farnborough Board of SAHA Istanbul. been no changes in the March 16th. International Airshow, schedule of national and which was planned to The International Future international events that The International Eurasia be held in Farnborough, Soldier Conference, are due to take place in Air Show, which would UK on July 20-24, 2020, organized by SaSaD and the last quarter of the have been held for the was also canceled within Defence Turkey Magazine year, with the expectation second time on April 22- the framework of the with the support of the that the outbreak will be 26, 2020 in , was measures taken by the UK MoD, General Staff and brought under control in postponed to June 24-28, government. Presidency of Defense the summer. 2020. Industries and which was

11 Middle East Technical University & ODTÜ TEKNOKENT Turkey’s Pioneer in University-Industry Cooperation METU has proudly completed hundreds of Research and Technology Development projects within the scope of cooperation Sub-Region (SATGEB) at ODTÜ with defense industry companies. In this TEKNOKENT in 2006. R&D departments exclusive interview with Prof. Mustafa of major contractors of the industry such as Verşan KÖK - METU Rector & Chairman Aselsan, Havelsan and Turkish Aerospace of ODTÜ TEKNOKENT discusses the are located at ODTÜ TEKNOKENT where impressive and innovative projects that new entrepreneurs, scientists, researchers have been launched, and the success of cultivate collaboration, building upon the establishment of the Defense Industry Turkey’s strengths and future vision.

Defence Turkey: Mustafa Versan KÖK: METU’s academic past studies, thus enabling our Presently, nearly 5000 Middle East Technical with the defense industry academicians to take part METU graduates are University has always been goes back to the 1970s. in projects as consultants working as engineers, a prominent pioneer not The departments focused or researchers. researchers and only in terms of education mostly on increasing executives at defense but also with respect to their academic richness After the establishment industry companies such industrial cooperation. until that date and then of Defense Industry as Aselsan, Roketsan, Various engineering they started to build Research and Technology Turkish Aerospace, departments and industrial cooperation Development Sub-Region FNSS and Havelsan. branches in our university with the establishment (SATGEB) at ODTÜ Could you by briefly enabled us considerably of companies such as TEKNOKENT in 2006 as inform our readers on in contributing to various Aselsan, Havelsan and a result of the emerging METU’s cooperation industrial collaborations, Turkish Aerospace. These needs that arose due to as a university with the and in particular to the companies attach great the momentum reached defense industry? defense industry. importance to R&D in R&D studies and

12 fueled by the increase in collaborations, R&D departments of major main contractors of the industry such as Aselsan, Havelsan and Turkish Aerospace started to establish locations at ODTÜ TEKNOKENT.

As of 2010, companies active in the defense industry started to gather

under the Teknokent SSB © Defense Industry Cluster © (TSSK). TSSK has been Defence Turkey: What the Presidency of Defense the most critical sub- providing various would you like to say on Industries (SSB) and will component of infrared R&D and engineering the operations conducted be conducted with METU camera systems. The main services related to areas in 2019 under the and the Nanomagnetic contractor of the project such as manned and cooperation built with the Instruments Company at launched by SSB, is Aselsan unmanned air vehicles, Turkish Defense Industry ODTÜ TEKNOKENT. This and the related support will advanced material, man- companies within the project aims to develop be received from METU machine interactions, scope of the University- a detection system Quantum Devices Nano cryptography, coding Industry cooperation capable of identifying the Devices Laboratory and and encryption, electronic model? Presently, with isotope that is a source of Crystal Growth Laboratory. intelligence systems, how many defense radiation and that could The first product simulation systems, industry companies does measure radioactivity manufactured within the sensors and electronic METU collaborate? Could to detect microGray scope of the project will systems and datalink you please mention a few level dose values. On be delivered in 2 years and technologies. Presently of the projects that stand account of this project, delivery of all products will about 3 thousand defense out in the defense industry the CdZnTe (cadmium zinc be completed within 6 industry R&D personnel field? tellurium) crystal capable years. Accordingly, METU are employed at ODTÜ of detecting beta, gamma intensely continues its TEKNOKENT. Mustafa Versan KÖK: and x ray emissions will efforts in the development METU has been carrying Meanwhile in 2011, in be developed for the first of unique products and out intensive cooperation order to maintain the time in Turkey. The CdZnTe technologies integrated with Turkish Defense cooperation between crystal and detector that with defense industry Industry companies university and the defense is the main component institutions. for many years. These industry, the Researcher of the radiation detection activities increasingly Finally, I would also like to Training Program for the systems could not be continued in 2019 as well. mention one of the critical Defense Industry (SAYP) produced in our country. In 2019, R&D projects projects. The “Innovative was launched by the The number of countries were launched as part of Software Competition Presidency of Defense with this product in the state-funded projects or (Y3)” project funded Industries (SSB) and METU, world is extremely limited. projects funded through by SSB and conducted Aselsan, Roketsan, Turkish Therefore, we decided to their own resources with by METU Center for Aerospace, FNSS, Milsoft support the RADAT project over 50 defense industry Image Analysis (METU and Havelsan for the as part of the R&D program companies. OGAM) aims to conduct employees in the defense launched by the Presidency precise measurement of industry, for postgraduate of Defense Industries. A prominent example capabilities and know- students and prospective of a project that was Another project that I how existing in our postgraduate students launched in 2019, I would would like to highlight country in automatic of Middle East Technical like to draw attention is the Project on the target acquisition and University. to the Development of Development of an identification through Unique Sensor Networks Over 1000 R&D projects Infrared Detector Set images. To this end, and Identification System related to the defense (NAR) that focuses on the the main target of the against Nuclear Radiation industry have either been unique development and project is to build the Threats (RADAT) Project. conducted or are being production of infrared hardware and software This project is funded by executed at our university. detector sets that are infrastructure capable of

13 engineering departments and research centers of METU. These projects contribute greatly to the Turkish Defense Industry through Faculty of Engineering, Institute of Science and Technopark. Could you please inform us on the total number and financial size of the ongoing projects in the defense industry? Turkish Aerospace Turkish © © Very-Light Aircraft (VLA) Concept Design Mustafa Versan KÖK: Our research and application measuring the automatic Mustafa Versan KÖK: Engineering and Industrial centers are the critical identification performance Together with Turkish Design Departments of research infrastructures in of the different algorithms Aerospace, Turkey’s METU are taking part our university. Presently, for visual data types and technology center in the aforementioned one third of our 29 centers varying target types. A in the development, project that was launched are conducting activities in total of 147 individual modernization, production, on March 1, 2018. By the the field of defense. At this applications have been system integration and life end of 2018, the predesign point, I would especially like submitted by university cycle support processes phase of the activities to mention the Research students, institutions, SMEs regarding aerospace identified for the design and Application Center and university employees systems, activities are being of the prototype aircraft for Space and Accelerator to the competition held as carried out uninterruptedly. in the VLE category was Technologies (İVME-R) part of this project and the This cooperation aims completed. The second which was established winners of the competition to contribute to the phase of the project started with the financial support were awarded by the SSB development of Very-Light in 2019 and production, of the SSB. The Center with a TL 100,000 prize. Aircraft while enabling assembly and test became an application METU students studying activities were conducted and research center in A contract was signed for in various disciplines to through Turkish Aerospace 2019 and is presently under the execution of the 2nd experience the complete resources. The SRR, PDR assessment to be granted phase of the project in air vehicle design process and preliminary CDR a legal entity within the 2020. with an interdisciplinary phases were accomplished. scope of Law No. 6550. approach under the Design activities on the end Additionally, the Robotic Defence Turkey: On guidance of experienced product aircraft continue Technologies Research December 14, 2017, a Turkish Aerospace staff as the design is aimed to and Development Training contract was signed and thus become more be completed by the end Center that the call for at Turkish Aerospace experienced when of February 2020. proposal has been issued facilities within the scope they graduate from the by SSB two year ago, is of the “Development of university as the project With this project, METU included in the scope an Independent Research renders the participant was deemed worthy of the of support program. and Development Project students to have more University - Cooperation With this project, critical for the Development of know-how and experience Award as part of the infrastructure will be Very-Light Aircraft (VLA)”. than their rivals across the Excellence Award granted established in our campus According to the project, world. in 2019 by the Council of within 2020 in the area of METU students will be Higher Education. robotics. This infrastructure designing the aircraft and 11 METU academicians from will contribute significantly Turkish Aerospace will be Aerospace Engineering, Defence Turkey: There are to the defense field in our in-charge of production, Mechanical Engineering, many projects conducted country will be transformed integration and test Electrical and Electronics in the departments of into a research center activities. What kind Engineering Departments aerospace engineering, before long. of activities have been and 83 students from mechanical engineering, accomplished so far as Aerospace Engineering, computer, electrical and Moreover, to date, part of the project? Could Mechanical Engineering, electronics engineering, hundreds of projects either you please enlighten our Electrical and Electronics metallurgical and have been conducted readers on the latest status Engineering, Industrial materials engineering, or are being executed of the project? chemistry and physics

14

within the scope of the METU

cooperation between © METU and defense industry © companies. 86 projects have been launched in this area in just 2019 alone with a project budget of TL 25 million.

Defence Turkey: Teknokent METU ©

Defense Industry Cluster © (TSSK) companies have major contributions in research centers and Though it is quite hard been the one that received many projects launched laboratories within METU to take part in the global the greatest project in the Turkish Defense joined together these market, particularly in support. Moreover, our Industry in recent years. companies active in the the areas of defense and average success rate in How many companies are defense industry under security with its severe 2014-2018 in concern with there under the auspices the Teknokent Defense competitors in exports, our the TÜBİTAK ARDEB 1001 of ODTÜ TEKNOKENT Industry Cluster (TSSK) companies accomplished a program is 32%. Within that are actively involved in 2010. Could you inform prominent achievement by the scope of the “National in R&D studies and how us on the number of R&D reaching an export figure of New Ideas and Products many of them are working personnel working at nearly US$ 120 million. Funding Program (1005)” in the defense industry ODTÜ TEKNOKENT, the and “Career Development Defence Turkey: What field? number of staff employed Program (3501)”, the by projects related to the are your thoughts on the average success rate of Mustafa Versan KÖK: defense industry, the project incentives METU our university reached 50%. The Teknokent Defense number of executed R&D received from TÜBİTAK Regarding the total calls Industry Cluster launched projects in the defense on the Scientific and for proposal supported its activities in 2010 with industry and the export Technological Research by ARDEB during the the participation of ODTÜ volume conducted until Projects Funding same period (2014-2018), TEKNOKENT companies. the end of the of 2019? Program (1001), Career our university became Today, this Cluster conducts Development Program the one with the highest its activities not merely with Mustafa Versan KÖK: ODTÜ (3501) and National New number of supported the companies of ODTÜ TEKNOKENT, with its three Ideas and Products projects with 377 projects TEKNOKENT but also with campuses, one at METU, Funding Program (1005) and a total budget of TL the participation of defense the METU MET campus and how do you evaluate 181.7 million. Moreover, industry companies active on the Eskişehir Highway the rate of success in these the overall success rate in other technoparks. and the Ostim Center, projects? of our university during TSSK companies made hosts a considerable sized aforementioned years Mustafa Versan KÖK: their mark on successful workforce. Over 8,500 reached 29.8%, above Encouraging the studies projects in the defense research personnel are the overall support rate of of our scientists, increasing and security projects of our employed by over 400 ARDEB which is 14.5%. the competitiveness of country with their superior technology companies and our country, developing know-how and capabilities. 90% of this staff have either Our university also projects towards applied Currently, over 400 graduate or post-graduate made its mark on many and/or experimental technology companies are degrees. Nearly 3,000 achievements in the new research and generating active under the auspices of the aforementioned programs in recent years new competence have of ODTÜ TEKNOKENT and staff are employed by our in addition to TÜBİTAK’s always been our priority. nearly one third of these companies that are active fundamental programs. For Within this scope, our companies are working in in the defense industry. instance, our university’s university plays a key role defense and security fields. It is hard to mention “Center for Solar Energy an exact figure as the in the research ecosystem Research and Applications Defence Turkey: ODTÜ project cycles of ODTÜ of our country. For instance, (GUNAM)” and TEKNOKENT gathers TEKNOKENT companies considering the latest “Microelectromechanical companies with vertical with dynamic structures results of March 2019 Systems Research and competence and advance quite rapidly, yet regarding the TÜBİTAK Application Center develops new products it is possible to note that ARDEB Scientific and (MEMS)” have applied and services in defense, over 600 R&D projects in Technological Research to the TÜBİTAK ARDEB’s aerospace and security the defense industry are Projects Funding Program Center of Excellence fields. Additionally, many being conducted actively. (1001), our university has Support Program

16 (1004), where research the BİDEB 2236 - Co- To date, 37 projects wind tunnel and it is also universities and research Funded Brain Circulation have been conducted the highest speed wind infrastructures are qualified Program in 2018 reached as part of SAYP. 20 out tunnel in its category, by Law No.6550 and 25 in 2019. of these projects were and it is among the few they entered the list of 17 accomplished successfully wind tunnels in Europe in projects supported across Defence Turkey: The and 20 students terms of size and areas of the country. Researcher Training graduated. I would like to application. Installed with Program for the Defense mention with pleasure that the research infrastructure As part of another new Industry (SAYP) was one of our projects that is support of the Presidential program of the TÜBİTAK, launched with the about to be completed Strategy and Budget Office, SAYEM - Industrial cooperation protocols bears a patented product. it is planned to be fully Innovation Network signed with METU and activated in spring 2020. Mechanism, our university the SSB, Aselsan, Roketsan Defence Turkey: We would was entitled to receive and Turkish Aerospace in like to hear more about On account of its modular support for two out of the October 2011 and started the test infrastructure structure capable of moving three applications. These to be implemented in and capabilities owned over air cushions, this tunnel two applications were 2012. Could you please by METU? Within this will be capable to provide under the partnership of inform us on the activities frame, what would you services both for civil sector the companies ARÇELİK conducted within the like to say about the METU requirements such as wind and BİYOMOD. scope of SAYP in the RÜZGEM Large Scale Wind power, construction and past 7 years? How many Tunnel Construction that automotive sectors and Similarly, 11 out of our researchers graduated was completed in the will also host tests required university’s12 applications from METU under the beginning of last June? At as part of the defense to the call for BİDEB 2244 program and how many this location aerodynamic, industry, specifically for - Industrial Doctorate of them are still involved isolation and wind tests the aerospace industry, Program made for the in the program? of all vehicles capable of for instance UAV scaled first time by TÜBİTAK gearing up to the speed model tests, certain tests were accepted. Thus, 47 Mustafa Versan KÖK: As of 360km/h can be of various ongoing aircraft of 517 PhD students to be you also mentioned, SAYP conducted. Can you also projects (HürJet, National trained by the industrial is a program launched with touch on the Open Field Combat Aircraft, etc.) partnership of our the initiative of METU and Acoustic Test Field at the and some tests related country will be trained at it was then extended to METU Yalıncak Pond? to helicopter projects. our university under the all our universities by the Mostly local resources partnership of 8 industrial SSB. The country-wide Mustafa Versan KÖK: were utilized during the enterprises. popularity of the programs METU-RÜZGEM Large construction of the tunnel, we launched is our source Scale Wind Tunnel is the construction was Our university used of pride. presently Turkey’s largest realized by a local company effective methods for and all the technical creating awareness for monitoring and controls the BİDEB programs. during the construction Accordingly, 20 were conducted by the applications were made on relevant departments of behalf of our university for our university. “BİDEB 2232 - International Fellowship for Outstanding Considering that the steel Researchers Program” and honeycomb units regulating 14 of them were entitled to the flow in the wind tunnel receive support. Arriving were manufactured in in our country within the Turkey, that the engines of scope of this program, 2 the tunnel were procured researchers decided to from domestic companies, conduct their research at the tunnel fans were our university, and a total of designed at RÜZGEM and 16 outstanding researchers, manufactured by domestic 5 of which are foreigners companies, the tunnel’s will be launching their automation and control studies at our university as system was developed by ©©METU-RÜZGEM of 2020. With the help of RÜZGEM, the fact that the these effective promotions, The Steel Honeycomb, Engine of Tunnel annd Tunnel fans model support system to 12 applications made for were produced by local companies

17 be utilized in aerodynamic METU tests were designed by © © domestic companies, and that the studies over the external balance system to be used when measuring the power was conducted at METU, the Large Scale Wind Tunnel project METU ©

plays a crucial role both in METU Design Factory © terms of the utilization of national resources and the and non-METU project focused on the expectations regarding indigenization of know-how stakeholders, training rapidly ageing population the future? and capability in this area. on “Design Oriented with Autodesk, the inner Thinking” and research campus smart transport Mustafa Versan KÖK: Defence Turkey: Could projects in 2019 as well. project with Willdan Group, Middle East Technical you please inform our In addition to research the inner campus activity University aims to increase readers on the METU and training activities, optimization software our collaboration with the Design Factory where the factory supported project with UTARIT group major companies of our academicians and students the establishment of were accomplished during country in the defense specializing in various similar centers by hosting the past year. Similarly, field through maintaining areas gather and design representatives from many the factory worked jointly our cooperation in the projects addressing many regional development with Turkish Airlines on defense industry in 2020 as different issues presented agencies, governmental the development of well. Development of joint by major industrialists and industrial an automated cargo R&D projects and enabling such as the automotive organizations at various packaging and tracking our students to take industry, defense industry, scales and educational system. In the same part in defense industry white goods, , institutions. period, four projects were projects will continue to aerospace industry, realized with the energy be our priorities, while energy companies, SMEs, Collaborations in different sector, either directly or we continue to support non-governmental areas were realized during indirectly. Reinforcement of the activities conducted organizations, hospitals the last year. For instance, aging wooden utility poles under the auspices of our or any other stakeholder within the scope of a with Enerjisa, optimization engineering departments, wishing to create a project executed in our of wind turbines and research institutes, ODTÜ difference in its line of university, measurement improvement of their TEKNOKENT and the TSSK business and also on the and modelling activities life cycles and a project with full effort. Factory’s activities in 2019? have been accomplished on an alternative wind Defence Turkey: Dear for the identification of power solution system Mustafa Versan KÖK: Ever Rector, would you like to problems that emerged with GAMA Enerji were since its establishment, the convey any message to around the head of cancer realized, while a project METU Design Research our readers? patients, before and on achieving energy and Innovation Center after their treatment. Test savings in refrigerators was Mustafa Versan KÖK: First has become a brand-new samples were designed conducted with Anadolu of all, I would like to thank interface for our university, for a research project Holding. you for this interview. aiming to become a 4th being conducted at a As METU and ODTÜ generation university, different university. A Research projects in various TEKNOKENT, the defense where university and non- cooperation protocol sectors are currently being industry is amongst our university stakeholders was signed as part of the conducted, while the priorities. are gathered, in addition project on unmanned number of collaborations to the multi-disciplinary air vehicles developed and the projects to In addition to its collaboration of various under the partnership of which the Design Factory achievements in education, disciplines. BAE and Nurol. The Mine provides consultancy METU has always been a Marking Project, which increase day by day. pioneer in our country in Within this context, with the is among the projects terms of cooperation with help of the interdisciplinary Defence Turkey: Could conducted with the UNDP, the defense industry and studio launched every you make an assessment was deemed worthy of being aware of this we will semester, the METU Design on the defense industry an entrepreneurship continue our endeavors in Factory has continued to activities that METU award. The smart toy the future conduct projects gathering and smart playground plans to conduct in 2020 students, academicians and on your targets and

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The State of Qatar and Qatar Armed Forces The State of Qatar is in the world the State of crime rate, according a peninsula located Qatar has a total land to the World Economic

amid the western area of 11,610 km2 (4,483 Forum. by İbrahim SÜNNETÇİ coast of the Arabian sq. miles). According Gulf. The peninsula is to (UN) Military Service allowed female Qatari citizens to join the approximately 100 km estimations, dated Since April 2015, when and extended compulsory across and extends August 2019, the State of the National Service Law military service to one 200 km into the Gulf. Qatar’s total population entered into force, Qatar year. With this step the Qatar adopted its first is 2,839 million. With has made it mandatory State of Qatar has sought written constitution in some 340,000 people, for Qatari citizens to to increase its limited April 1970 and became Qataris are considered be conscripted in the manpower (citizen- fully independent from a ‘minority’ in their own Army. Until April 2018, soldiers) for the Armed the nation amounting to only Qatari men between the Forces. According to on September 1, 1971. 12% of the population. ages of 18 and 35 years Law No. 5 of 2018 on The State of Qatar Foreign workers amount old must train in the compulsory national is a sovereign and to around 88% of the military for at least three service program issued independent Arab state population, with Indians months if they are college by the Emir Sheikh Tamim that has been ruled by being the largest graduates, and four Bin Hamad Al-THANI on the Thani Family since community numbering months if they have high April 4, 2018 Wednesday, Jassim Bin Mohammad around 700,000. school diplomas or have those who refuse to Al-THANI signed a treaty dropped out of school. with the UK in 1868 that Nowadays, the State of participate in military recognized its separate Qatar is one of the safest In April 2018, amid the service without an excuse status. countries in the world ongoing Gulf Crisis, Qatar can face imprisonment of with the seventh-lowest one month to a year or a Having emerged as fine between US$13,700 one of the world’s most to US$82,400. important producers of oil and gas and is Under the current the richest country on legislation the Ministry of earth, the State of Qatar Interior and the Ministry has been governed by of Public Health and HH Sheikh Tamim Bin other bodies concerned Hamad Bin Khalifa Al- are required to provide THANI since June 2013. the National Services As one of the smallest Soldiers at Military Parade on Qatar in Academy during the nations by size and area December 2018 first half of each year the

20 names of males who will be turning 18 years of age in the following year. The Qatari male must present himself to the National Services Academy within 60 days from the date of attaining the age of 18 or obtaining the high school certificate or the equivalent, whichever is earlier. The national service for females of the age of 18 is voluntary. Foreign Contract Qatari Emiri Air Force troops on parade

Soldiers its citizens. Relatively Gulf states that the In early June 2017 the Gulf Excluding and Saudi cheaper than citizen- highest proportion of Crisis broke out when a Arabia, the Arab states of soldiers, foreign contract foreign contract soldiers handful of Arab states the Persian Gulf (namely soldiers can also be serve. Reports indicate led by (the , , Iraq, dismissed with no political that up to 85% of the Qatar de facto leader of the , Qatar, Saudi liability. Armed Forces’ manpower GCC) abruptly severed Arabia and the United consist of foreign contract diplomatic relations According to open Arab Emirates) have soldiers. In October 2017 with the State of Qatar sources experiencing small citizen populations ‘Somali Garowe Online’ and imposed a blockade a struggle of limited that limit their ability to revealed that in 2016 Qatar on the State of Qatar. manpower for its Armed strengthen their Armed recruited 6,000 Somali In response to threats Forces, Qatar is not only Forces with the available soldiers to increase its from Saudi Arabia, extending its compulsory pool of citizens. defense force in addition Bahrain, the UAE and national service program to at least 360 Sudanese Egypt, Qatar launched Therefore, thanks to their from 3 to 4 months to mercenaries to defend a massive multi-billion rich financial wealth most 12 months and allowing and protect Qatar’s Head dollar military power of the Arab states that volunteer females to of State. The growing buildup. This massive border the Persian Gulf join the Army, but also imbalance between re-equipment program (Arabian Gulf), prefer to recruits large numbers of citizens and non-native however has raised a recruit large numbers of foreign contract soldiers personnel recruited from series of questions about contracted soldiers from to overcome manpower other countries in the the country’s ability to other countries, including limitations. As a wealthy Qatari Armed Forces has incorporate the ordered Jordan, , Sudan oil and gas power, Qatar turned into an urgent sophisticated weapon and Indonesia to is one of the three Persian concern since 2017. systems and platforms strengthen their ’ manpower. The foreign contract soldiers (mostly non-native Sunni Muslims and do not speak the local dialect or do not speak at all) generally have no political interests to pursue and seldom participate in attempts to overthrow the regime. They also have no social links to the native population, so in case of domestic social unrests the state can deploy them The "Al Zubarah" , first of four Class air defense with confidence against

21 (including 24 x , 36 x Rafale and 36 x F-15QA fighter jets as well as Doha Class air defense corvettes, OPV/ FACM type ships, cadet training ships and an air defense LPD) into its military amid a crisis faced with the above mentioned Gulf nations. Considering the availability of citizen- soldiers/staff officers, Qatar is believed to Dassault - Rafale be recruiting further foreign contract usually adopted when the coup. While continuing Bahrain, the United Arab soldiers/staff officers state is unable to achieve implementation of the Emirates (UAE) and Egypt to operate acquired a balance of power with method of joint military severed diplomatic and sophisticated weaponry its adversary on its own. building with an increased trade relations with the and to compensate trend, after the Gulf Crisis country. for existing staffing Due to the geopolitical the State of Qatar has shortage. Proving this power imbalance with realized that this method Historically, Qatar has expectation according its neighbors the State could not be adopted as a been a major defense to Aviation International of Qatar has adopted single option like before, partner to the United News, the first batch the method of joint but rather, as a parallel States, starting most of pilots trained for the military building, since option to self-building. notably after Operation Qatari Emiri Air Force in 1996. Through the Qatar currently hosts Desert Storm in 1991, in November 2017 construction of military some 13,000 US troops when the US-Qatar were Pakistani exchange bases for foreign troops at and Defense Cooperation officers. In February 2018 in its territories the State at As Sayliyah Army Base Agreement (DCA) was the Express Tribune, a of Qatar has aimed to as well as some 2,000 signed. Located at 35km Pakistani publication, bring in foreign troops to Turkish soldiers (including southwest of Doha, the Al reported that 627 safeguard Qatari defense. Turkish Army, Navy and Udeid Air Base is home to Pakistani personnel, Special Forces personnel) over 11,000 US troops and The presence of the Qatar including 165 from the at the Tariq Bin Ziyad and is considered the largest Armed Forces and foreign Pakistan Army and 462 Khalid Bin Walid military US military base in the troops operating together from the barracks outside Doha. Middle East. Constructed could aid in the formation and Air Force, were Turkey has been a major in 1996 at the cost of more of steadfast alliances to deployed in Qatar. The supporter of the State than US$1 Billion the deter a potential foreign report added nearly 300 of Qatar since June 2017, base also houses Qatari assault or an internal additional personnel when Saudi Arabia, Emiri Air Force and US- could be deployed to Qatar for “training and advisory” roles. Foreign Troops

Most of the Arab states of the Persian Gulf consider the presence of foreign troops in their territories essential to fend off internal coups and foreign invasions. The method of joint military building, which is less expensive, more flexible and responsive to variables, is

22

chose Turkey as an ally and allowed the country to open a military base in its territories. Turkey’s military involvement in Doha dates back to December 19, 2014, when the two countries inked a military cooperation agreement that allows the deployment of the Turkish Armed Forces (TAF) in the State of Qatar. The Patriot PAC-3 launcher on Qatar's National Day Parade agreement was ratified by the Turkish Parliament led anti-ISIL coalition and improved quarters Qatar the As Sayliyah Army (TBMM) on March 19, forces and over 100 along with new schools, Base was established 2015. The first group of operational aircraft. The a sophisticated medical in 2000. As the largest Turkish troops arrived in Al Udeid Air Base serves center, more recreational US Army prepositioning the capital city of Doha on as the headquarters facilities and family site in the world the base October 4, 2015, and four for the US Central compounds, 200 villas in stores prepositioned days later the Turkish flag Command (officially total, aiming to improve equipment for CENTCOM, was hoisted at Turkey’s called the Combined Air the living conditions of most of which is on new permanent military and Space Operations US Air Force personnel reserves for use in Iraq and base that was set up Center), US Air Force stationed there. In early Afghanistan. at the Tariq Bin Ziyad Central Command and June 2017, the Pentagon military barracks under the Forward Command said that the diplomatic Turkey and Qatar’s an agreement signed Center for US Special tensions between Qatar defense ties have in December 2014. The Operations. The base has and some of its Arab strengthened in recent establishment of Turkey’s key strategic importance neighbors would not years, in line with the permanent military base in the US air campaign affect US operations at countries’ political (which was named the against the Islamic State the Air Base. In April 2018, alliance. In order to resist Qatar-Turkey Combined (ISIL) in and Iraq with the then Saudi Foreign the Saudi Arabia (the de Joint Force Command in 80% of aerial refueling Minister Adel Al-UBEIR facto leader of the GCC) December 2017) in Doha in the region took place said if the US withdraws led pressures within the at the Tariq Bin Ziyad there. In January 2019, the military base and military barracks was a memorandum of the protection that its (GCC/an alliance of six Gulf completed in April 2016. understanding (MoU) was presence provides to monarchies; Saudi Arabia, According to reports signed between the US Qatar, the regime in Doha Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab the base has a capacity Department of Defense “would fall there in less Emirates, Bahrain, and to accommodate up (DoD) and the State of than a week.” Oman that came into to 5,000 troops and Qatar to coordinate existence with an aim to Turkey plans to gradually efforts on the expansion Located in Al Sailiya, a create regional security increase the number of Al Udeid Air Base, which suburb outside Doha, system), the State of Qatar of its forces in Qatar to would help to increase operational capabilities of US forces. In July 2019 after his meeting with US President Donald TRUMP, Head of the State of Qatar Tamim Bin Hamad Al-THANI said Qatar would pay for the expansion of the air base. The expansion Turkish MoND Turkish

project valued at US$1.8 © Billion also covers the © construction of additional A T-155 Fırtına SPH is being disembarked from a Qatari Air Force C-17 in Qatar

24 3,000 in accordance with the agreement between the two countries and keep a brigade in the Gulf country. With the establishment of a permanent military base in Doha, which represents Turkey's first overseas military installation in the Middle East, Turkey has become a counterbalancing power Turkish MoND Turkish © in the region concerning © Iran and Saudi Arabia. Accompanied by Turkish MoND Hulusi AKAR, Qatar Defence Minister Khalid Al-ATTIYAH salutes Turkish Soldiers at Khalid Bin Walid military barracks The Qatar-Turkey Combined Joint without endangering its new Headquarters was Founded in 1971 after Force Command, of sovereignty, the State officially opened with the country gained which headquarters is of Qatar has refused to a ceremony held on independence from the overlooking the Strait of meet these demands December 14, 2019 with United Kingdom, the Hormuz in the Persian and agreed with Turkey the participation of Turkish Qatar Armed Forces Gulf, has been active to increase the size MoND Hulusi AKAR, Chief became the military since October 2015 at the of the Turkish military of Turkish General Staff forces of the State of Tariq Bin Ziyad military contingent in the country General Yaşar GÜLER Qatar. According to barracks, and until August and to expand the and Qatar Deputy Prime reports as of early 2016, 2019 was comprised of Qatar-Turkey Combined Minister and Minister of an estimated 12,000 commando platoons, Joint Force Command State for Defense Affairs personnel - 8,500 Land military engineering in Doha with naval and Dr. Khalid Bin Mohamed Forces, 1,800 Naval unit indirect fire support aerial components. As Al-ATTIYAH. The new base Forces, and 1,500 Air teams, and air force and part of this agreement, was named after Khalid Forces served in the naval liaison teams in what Turkey immediately Bin Walid - a well-known Qatar Armed Forces, is basically a mechanized sent additional troops commander in early years the second smallest in battalion battle group and armored vehicles of Islam. According to the region after Bahrain. involving some 300 (including Self Propelled Turkey’s President Recep However, soon after the Turkish soldiers (as of July Howitzers) to its Tayyip ERDOĞAN the diplomatic crisis (Gulf 2017 there were just 230 permanent base at the Qatar-Turkey Combined Crisis) broke out, Qatar troops and 38 vehicles at Tariq Bin Ziyad military Joined Force Command sought out to improve the base). barracks and conducted would serve the stability its military capabilities joint exercises with Qatar and peace of not only and to expand its Armed Cooperation between in August 2017. Qatar but also the Gulf Forces. In this context, Turkish and Qatar Armed region and described the while on the one hand Forces has notably Shortly after the eruption new military base as “the the State has been intensified since the of the Gulf Crisis on symbol of brotherhood, purchasing advanced Gulf Crisis broke out in June 7, 2017 the Turkish friendship, solidarity and military equipment from June 2017. One of the Parliament (TBMM) sincerity.” various manufacturers 13 demands that were ratified two deals on and signing various presented by Saudi-led deploying troops in Qatar Armed agreements for training Arab states to Qatar on Qatar and training its Forces and enhancing its human June 22, 2017 was the gendarmerie forces. As resources, on the other calling for the immediate The Ministry of Defense part of the expansion plan hand Qatar has extended closure of Turkey’s of Qatar is responsible for construction of a new base its compulsory national permanent military defending the homeland. near the Tariq Bin Ziyad service program with an base in Qatar and the It leads fighting and military barracks was aim to increase its limited termination of military support units including launched and completed manpower (citizen- cooperation with Turkey the Qatari Emiri Land in August 2019. The soldiers) for the Armed inside Qatar. However, Force, the Qatari Emiri Air Qatar-Turkey Combined Forces to support its self- pointing out that it was Force and the Qatar Emiri Joined Force Command’s reliance strategy. open to negotiations Navy.

25 As a result of ongoing expansion efforts, according to open sources, as of 2019 the Qatar Armed Forces’ personnel strength has been estimated to have increased to over 20,000 personnel - some 15,000 Land Forces, 3,000 Naval Forces (with Naval Police), and over 2,500 Air Forces. In order to support its A Qatari Emiri Land Force Leopard 2A7 MBT seen here during a live fire exercise self-reliance strategy, the personnel strength of this strategy the State According to SIPRI data the Qatar Armed Forces is has been allocating a the US was responsible expected to be increased Force Structure considerable amount for 65% of Qatari further in the coming of money to improve arms imports during of the Qatar years. In this context, for its military capabilities 2014-2018, while the Armed Forces example the Qatari Emiri and to equip its Armed remaining imports came Navy that launched the The Qatar Armed Forces Forces with state-of-the from countries such as construction of the new are organized into three art weapon and platform , France, Italy, major naval base in branches: the Qatari systems. According to China, Russia and Turkey. early 2019 is reportedly Emiri Land Force, the some sources the State planning to raise the , and the has allocated at least During last decade the number of its personnel Qatari Emiri Air Force. The US$6.5 Billion in defense State of Qatar has used from 3,000 to more than following information on expenditures for 2019. its vast oil wealth to 7,000 by 2025. Being the equipment of three According to Stockholm rebuild its Armed Forces constructed at Hamad branches of the Qatar International Peace and has spent tens of Port, a commercial port Armed Forces have been Research Institute (SIPRI) billions of US dollars inaugurated in 2017 and compiled from various figures Qatari arms buying some of the located at south of Doha open sources. imports rose by 245% world’s most advanced in Al Wakra, the new between 2007 and 2011, military weapons. Since Military Age: Between Qatar Emiri Naval Base by 225% between 2009- the start of the Gulf the ages of 18-35 years will include a quay wall 2013 and 2014-2018 Crisis, the State of Qatar (Regular), with a reserve and basin revetments, and ranked as the ninth has purchased three commitment of 10 years infrastructure, utility biggest arms importer different types of fighters, (up to age 40) buildings, security country in the world including 36 x US-made facilities, a helicopter Conscription: 12 Months in 2018. According to F-15QAs, 12 x French- airfield, and an access SIPRI data Qatar’s arms made Rafale fighters Total Active Personnel: bridge. The boundary is imports increased by (under the agreement Over 20,000 secured with bulletproof- signed in May 2015 Qatar more than 22% in 2018 Para-Military Forces: Royal glass buildings, detention has ordered 24 Rafales compared to 2017 due to Guard Brigade (the Amiri facilities, and security and with a US$1.3 Billion rearmament efforts and Guard under the Ministry gates; the base will have valued follow-on order the diplomatic crisis (Gulf of Defence and part of the special defense and agreement awarded in Crisis) with neighboring Qatari Emiri Land Force) surveillance towers too. December 2017 country countries. and Police Department. The base is expected to exercised option for the There are also 3 Special house about 6,000 troops In the 1980s and 1990s purchase of 12 additional Force-type Units each with 200 buildings and France provided some Rafales thus the total with company strength to host some of Qatar’s 80% of the country’s number of Rafales has under Army command: Oil newest expensive military military requirements been increased to 36) and Well Guard Units (located in purchases. as Qatar’s main arms 24 Eurofighter Typhoons the Dukhan and Umm Bab supplier. Since 2009 as well as 4 Doha Class As a small state, Qatar’s areas and charged with Qatar has been relying air defense corvettes, 2 defense policy is mostly securing pipelines), Border heavily on US defense OPV/FACM type ships, focused on self-defense Guards Regiment and a companies to purchase 1 air defense LPD and 2 and in order to achieve Static Guard Regiment defense equipment. cadet training ships).

26

Qatari Emiri Air Force (QEAF) As the air arm of the Qatar Armed Forces, the Qatari Emiri Air Force was formed in 1974, three years after achieving independence from Great Britain in September 1971.

Personnel: Over 2.500

Main Air Bases: Al- Udeid Air Base and Doha Dassault International Air Base (also © © known as Camp Snoopy, Rafale F3R of the Qatari Emiri Air Force was a former US military installation located at • 1st Fighter Wing • 9th Multi-Role order and under delivery the Doha International Squadron – 1 x th process) Airport) in Doha. In August • 7 Air Superiority S-92 VVIP and Squadron – 9 x 4 x Westland 2018, Qatar announced Mirage 2000-5EDA, Commando Mk 2 (to Transport: 8 x C-17 the construction of a new 3 x Mirage 2000- be replaced with 16 Globemaster and 4 x air base near Dukhan. 5DDA x NH90 in tactical C-130J-30 transport [TTH] Named after Emir Tamim • 11th Close Support variant) Bin Hamad Al-THANI, the Squadron – 6 x Tanker Aircraft: In early Dukhan/Tamim Air Base Alpha Jet Dukhan/Tamim Air 2014 Airbus Defense and Space had been selected is the country's third • 2nd Rotary Wing Base and newest air base. The by Qatar to supply two • 6th Close Support • U/I Fighter Wing Dukhan/Tamim Air Base A330 MRTT (KC-30) new Squadron – 24 x generation air-to-air received five of the Qatari AH-64E (the first of • Al Adiyat Fighter Squadron – 23 x Emiri Air Force’s order of 24 helicopters for refuelling aircraft for the the Qatari Emiri Air Rafale (deliveries Qatari Emiri Air Force 36 Dassault Rafale fighter Force was handed being completed jets in June 2019, though over during a formal and will eventually reach to 36) Helicopters: 24 x AH-64E, it was not completely delivery ceremony at Boeing’s Mesa 39 x AW139, 8 x Westland operational at the time. production plant in Equipment: Commando Mk.3/Sea As of February 26, 2020 Arizona on March King, 1 x S-92 VVIP, 4 x Qatar, Emiri Air Force took 14, 2019. Deliveries Combat: 6 x Alpha Jets, 9 x are scheduled to be Westland Commando Mk the delivery of 23 Rafale Mirage 2000-5EDA/DDAs, completed by the 2 and 14 x SA342 Gazelle fighter jets from France. end of May 2020) 36 x Rafales (deliveries ongoing), 36 x F-15QAs (on th UAVs: 3 x BAYRAKTAR Al-Udeid Air Base • 8 Anti Surface order) and 24 x Eurofighter Vessel Squadron TB2-S Armed UAV • 3rd Rotary Wing – 8 x Westland Typhoons (on order) Systems with six aircraft, Commando Mk.3/ FLIR payloads, 3 x Ground • 20th Squadron – 39 x Sea King (wired for Training: 24 x L-39 and Control Stations and a AW139 AM-39 ASM L-29 (in store), 10 x MFI- and to be replaced UAV Training Simulator 395 Super Mushshak (on • Transport Wing with 12 x NH90 in are in the service of naval [NFH] variant) • Transport QEAF Reconnaissance Squadron – 8 x C-17 and Surveillance Centre Globemaster and 4 x Command C-130J-30 • Al Zaeem Mohamed SAMs: 1 x Battery Bin Abdullah Al- with 18 x launchers and ATTIYAH Air College 250 missiles, 9 x 2 - 8 x MFI-395 Super Mushshak, 24 x (3 self-propelled Roland 2 Pilatus PC-21, 14 x systems on the AMX-30R SA342 Gazelle (to chassis and 6 shelter- be replaced with 16 x H125) mounted) and 1 MIM- 23B I-HAWK Battery and Doha International Air Base Mirage 2000-5EDA NASAMS/SL-AMRAAM.

28 Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) Systems: In order to enhance its missile defense capability against Iran’s missile arsenal Qatar has purchased various BMD systems during last decade. In 2012, Qatar purchased 10 x Patriot Configuration 3 (PAC- 3) Firing Units (with 40 launchers) and missiles at an estimated value of nearly US$10 Billion. Also that year, the US agreed Qatari Air Force AH-64E attack helicopter to sell 2 x Terminal High Altitude Area Air Defense fleet modernization plan, (AMRAAM) missiles, 8 the National Day Parade (THAAD) System Firing Qatar will also receive 16 x AMRAAM Captive Air of Qatar Armed Forces, Units (with 12 launchers x H125 light single-engine Training Missile (CATM- held in Doha, Qatar. On and 150 missiles), the most helicopters in training 120C), 1 x spare AMRAAM July 10, 2019, Raytheon sophisticated ground- configuration for operation guidance section, 1 x announced that Qatar based missile defense by the Al Zaeem Mohamed spare control section and would be the first country system the US had made Bin Abdullah Al-ATTIYAH missile containers along to purchases its Advanced available for sale, but Air College. In April 2018 with classified software Medium Range Air-to-Air Qatari budgetary and it was reported that the for the Raytheon-made Missile - Extended Range operational concerns Ministry of Defense of AN/MPQ-64F1 Sentinel (AMRAAM-ER) weapon. have delayed or derailed Qatar signed a US$2.5 Short Range Air Defense In May 2019 the US State that purchase. In February Billion contract with Qatar (SHORAD) radar, spare and Department approved 2017, Raytheon concluded for the delivery of National repair parts, cryptographic the sale of 24 x AH-64E an agreement to sell Qatar Advanced Surface-to-Air and communication Apache Guardian attack an early warning radar Missile Systems (NASAM) security devices, precision helicopters to Qatar at an system to improve the to Qatar. On November navigation equipment, estimated cost of US$3 capabilities of its existing 27, 2018, the US Defense training, and other related Billion. The proposed sale missile defense systems, Security Cooperation program support at an will supplement the QEAF’s with an estimated value of Agency (DSCA) notified estimated value of US$215 previous procurement of US$1.1 Billion. In December Congress of a State Million. On December 18, 24 x AH-64Es. Qatar signed 2017, the US Defense Department approval 2018 single SL-AMRAAM a contract for 24 x AH-64E Department awarded of a commercial sale by launcher (fitted with aircraft in June 2016 and Raytheon a US$150 Million Raytheon of 40 x AIM AIM-120B missile mock- the ongoing deliveries will contract to provide Qatar 120C-7 Advanced Medium- ups) on tactical be completed by the end with services and support Range Air-to-Air Missiles vehicle took part during of May 2020 for its PAC-3 System, and the Ministry of Defense of Qatar has committed to acquire additional Patriot systems, with an estimated value of about US$2 Billion.

NB: In March 2018 during tbe DIMDEX 2018 Fair, Qatar signed a contract for the purchase of 28 NH90 military helicopters. The agreement includes 16 x NH90s in tactical transport (TTH) configuration and 12 x NH90s in naval (NFH) configuration. As part of its On December 18, 2018 single SL-AMRAAM launcher on Humvee tactical vehicle took part ongoing military helicopter during the National Day Parade of Qatari Armed Forces

29 Qatari Emiri Land Force The Qatari Emiri Land Force is the largest branch of the Qatar Armed Forces

Personnel: Some 15,000

Major Units:

Royal Guard Brigade with 3 Infantry Battalions

Qatari Army with 1 Special Forces Battalion, 4 Mechanised Infantry Battalion and 1 Artillery Battalion Nurol Makina's EJDER YALCIN WAVs with Aselsan SERDAR Anti-Tank Missile Launching System

Armored Brigade with a APCs/IFVs (150 of them (with 500 missiles) and 12 Nexter for the procurement Company, Tank are fitted with Aselsan’s x Stinger (with 60 missiles) of up to 490 VBCI IFVs with Battalion, Mechanised SERDAR ATGM Launching a value of €2 Billion. But Infantry Battalion and an System that able to launch SRBMs: At its national day due to the crisis between Anti-Tank Battalion Russian Kornet-E and the parade held in Doha 0n Paris and Doha the decision Ukrainian Skiff ATGMs), 90 December 17, 2017, Qatar on the procurement was Equipment: x KİRPİ 4x4 MRAPs and 35 displayed two of its newly frozen in November 2019. x AMAZON APCs purchased SY 400/BP- On December 18, 2018 MBTs: 62 x Leopard 2A7+ 12A Short Range Ballistic a brand new KF-41 Lynx and 30-44 AMX-30 (being Artillery: 22 x AMX-F3 Missile (SRBM) launchers AIFV took part during the withdrawn and replaced by 155mm SPHs (being accompanied with two National Day Parade of Leopard 2A7+ MBTs) withdrawn and replaced loaders. The Chinese SY- Qatar Armed Forces, held by PzH 2000 SPHs), 24 x 400 is typically mounted AIFV and APCs: KF-41 Lynx, in Doha, Qatar. It is believed PzH 2000 SPHs and 12 x G5 on an 8x8 Transporter- Dingo Heavy Duty (4x4) that Rheinmetall sold 155mm Towed Howitzerz Erector-Launcher (TEL), like APCs (including Armoured unknown amount of KF-41 (being withdrawn and the one which was shown Ambulance version), RG-41 Lynx AIFVs to Qatar, with replaced by PzH 2000 in the parade, is capable MRAP, Marauder 4x4, 32 x this sale Qatar becomes SPHs) of carrying both BP-12A 4x4 light armoured the first operator of the and SY-400 missiles. The reconnaissance vehicles, 6 x vehicle. On February 5, Mortars: 15 x Brandt BP-12A can carry a 480 kg Wisent 2 Support Vhecles, 2019 Turkish MoND Hulusi 120mm heavy mortars, and conventional payload over 36 x Mk-II AKAR, formerly Chief of 30 x 81mm mortars a 280 km range, while the 8x8 CCTS-90mm turret, 4x the Turkish General Staff, SY-400 can carry a 200 kg MOWAG Piranha ARVs, 40 x MLRS: 4 x Astros II MLRS disclosed that Turkey has conventional payload over AMX-10P IFVs, 158 Renault and 7 x M142 HIMARS MLRS recently signed a contract a 200 km range. The Qatari Trucks VAB 6x6 APC, 4 x (with 60 M57 MGM-140 with Qatar for the sale of SY-400 launchers are VAB/VPM- ATACMS Block 1A T2K TBFs FIRTINA Self Propelled appeared to be modified 81 4x4 Mortar Carrier with with unitary warhead and Howitzers (SPHs). MoND to carry two larger caliber 81mm mortar, 24 x Renault 360 M31A1 GMLRS guided AKAR did not share any BP-12A canisters instead Trucks VAB 4x4/6x6 VCAC artillery rockets with unitary figures about the number of eight SY-400 canisters. “Mephisto” with a pair warhead) of FIRTINA SPHs (20 The display of SY-400 of HOT ATGM launchers, estimated) to be delivered launchers at the parade 27 x Renault Sherpa 2 ATGMs: 48 x MBDA HOT to the Qatar Armed Forces. apparently represented light tactical vehicles, 12 ATGM launchers with It is believed that the an effort to demonstrate x AMQ- 1,000 missiles, 100 x MBDA contract is covering the to the Saudi-UAE led bloc 10RC 105mm 6x6 ARVs, MILAN ATGM launchers New Generation FIRTINA Qatar’s capabilities to resist 8 x Cadillac LAV V150 with 630 missiles and 50 (also dubbed FIRTINA- pressure. Commando 4x4 APC, 16 FGM-148 Javelin ATGM II) SPHs, which are under launchers with 500 missiles production at the 1st Main x VBL 4x4 APC, 32 x EE-9 NB: In December 2017, the Cascavel 90mm 6x6 ARVs, Maintenance Factory SAMs: Some 20 x SA- Qatari Minister of State 342 x EJDER YALÇIN 4x4 Directorate located in 7s, 10 x (with for Defense Affairs signed MRAPs, 214 x NMS/YÖRÜK the Sakarya province of 50 missiles), 24 x a letter of intent (LoI) with northwest Turkey.

30

Qatari Emiri Navy The Qatari Emiri Navy (QEN), also called the Qatari Emiri Naval Forces (QENF), is the naval branch of the Qatar Armed Forces.

Personnel: Over 4,000 together with , Marine Police and Coastal Artillery

Base Locations: QEN's Yonca-Onuk JV Shipyard JV Yonca-Onuk ©

headquarters is at Doha. © Major Naval Bases are MRTP34 Class Fast Intervention Boat of Qatari Emiri Navy located at Al-Daayen Naval Base (operated by Operation Craft (SOCs) Landing Ships: 1 x Robha of Italy signed a €4 Coast Guard, located in and 4 x MRTP24/U Fast Class LCT and 4 x LCUs Billion contract with Semaisima, 30 kilometers Missile Craft the Qatari Minister of (18 miles) from Doha), Halul NB: On March 31, 2014, State for Defense Affairs Island (one of the main Patrol Crafts (PCs): 3 x Nakilat Damen Shipyards for the construction of bases for the Qatari Navy MRTP16 and 10 x MRTP Qatar (NDSQ, a joint seven surface vessels is located in Halul Island) 20 Fast Intervention Boats venture between Damen that are currently under and Ras Abu Aboud. The (FIBs, deliveries ongoing), and Qatar's Nakilat) and construction in Italy at new naval base of the 26 Hercules FPBs (at Coast QEN signed two Letter Muggiano (Las Spezia) Qatari Emiri Navy is under Guard service, deliveries of Intents (LoIs) for the Shipyard. The contract construction at Hamad will be completed by the construction of seven included the construction Port (a commercial port end of 2020), 4 x Vosper vessels at Qatar's premier of 4 x Doha Class air inaugurated in 2017 and patrol boats, 6 x Vosper 110 shipyard with a value of defense corvettes (the is located south of Doha ft. Class PCs, 6 x Damen US$851 Million. The MoUs first of the Doha Class in Al Wakra) Polycat 1450 Cass PCs, cover six 50 m (164 ft)- corvette was launched 2 x Keith Nelson type 44 long axe-bow high-speed on February 27, 2020), 2 Fleet: ft. Class PCs, 2 x Fairey patrol boats and one 52 x OPV/FACM type ships Marine Interceptor class m (171 ft)-long diving FPBs: 4 x Barzan Class and 1 x air defense LPD. PCs, 4 x MV-45 class PCs, support vessel. The 6 x During DIMDEX 2018 (56m Vita type) FPBs, 25 x Fairy Marine Spear Damen 5009 Class patrol 3 x DAMASH Class Exhibition the Qatar Emiri Class PCs, 5 x P-1500 Class boats are currently under Naval Forces has placed (Combattante III type) PCs, 4 x DV-15 Class FIBs construction at NDSQ FPBs, 3 x MRTP 34 (That an order for two Cadet and 3 x Helmatic M-160 and are scheduled to Training Ships (CTS) to Assuary Class) FPBs, 4 class PCs be delivered in 2024. In x MRTP24/U Special Turkish private shipbuilder June 2016, Fincantieri Anadolu Shipyards.

©©ARES Shipyard ARES 150 HERCULES FPB during sea trials

32

Turkey & Qatar Foul-Weather Friends! by İbrahim SÜNNETCİ The Republic of Turkey has constantly sought out good relations with the and has paid great attention to not intervening in Arab affairs. However, this reservist attitude toward the Arab world started to change in the 1980s during which time Turkey had started to consider the Arab world as a lucrative market for Turkish made products and foreign capital under the then Prime Minister of Turgut ÖZAL’s leadership. Turkey’s relations with the Arab world gained significant During the first decade GCC with the signing been elected President of momentum when of the 2000s, as an of a Memorandum of Egypt. While Saudi Arabia, the Justice and active partner of the Arab Understanding (MoU) and the UAE, asserted that states, Turkey developed establishing a Strategic the Muslim Brotherhood Development Party economic, political and Dialogue Mechanism was a recruiting vehicle (AKP) came to defense related relations between Turkey and the for Sunni terrorist groups power in Ankara in with the Gulf Cooperation GCC in Jeddah, Saudi in the region, Turkey and November 2002. Council (GCC/an alliance of Arabia. With this MoU Qatar claimed that it was a The AKP has viewed six Gulf monarchies; Saudi Turkey became the first moderate political Islamist the Arabs as natural Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, non-Gulf state able to movement that could allies. Believing that , attain the status of GCC’s foster regional stability stronger ties between Bahrain, and Oman that strategic partner. Trade through participation in Turkey and the Arab had signed a defense pact volume between Turkey the legitimate political world could solve to consider an attack on and the GCC have grown process, so they provided most of the problems one of them as an attack from US$$1.5 Billion in region-wide support to in the region, Recep on all). Turkey’s institutional 1999 to US$16 Billion in the Muslim Brotherhood. Tayyip ERDOĞAN, relations with the GCC 2014. Turkish Government Turkey also insisted Turkey’s President commenced with the has previously declared a that MORSI should be and the Chairman “Framework Agreement target of US$100 Billion returned to power. So as a of the ruling Justice for Economic Cooperation trade with GCC countries result of differences over and Development between Turkey and the by 2023. the Muslim Brotherhood Party, have made Cooperation Council for issue and the new military However, Turkey’s relations tremendous efforts the Arab States of the Gulf government of Egypt, with the GCC began to during last 18 years to (GCC)” signed on May 30, Turkey’s relations with 2005 in Manama, Bahrain. deteriorate rapidly soon the GCC was strained and improve and expand after the July 2013 military both economic and Thanks to the high level of tensions led the to the economic and political coup in Egypt against creation of Saudis-Emiratis political relations Mohamed MORSI, the between Turkey and relations on September and Turkish-Qataris blocks. 2, 2008 Turkey became leader of the Muslim the Arab world. a strategic partner of the Brotherhood who had Due to political dispute

34 over the Muslim which time Turkey stood Turkey inside Qatar, and between Turkey and Qatar Brotherhood and other firmly with the State of paying reparations for its witnessed substantial issues the differences Qatar. actions. development in the 21st between Saudis-Emiratis century. In line with Turkey’s and Turkish-Qataris The differences between However, the State of Qatar deepening relations with blocks widened and Qatar and other member refused to meet these Qatar, Turkey has become by accusing Qatar of states of the GCC erupted demands and agreed an important destination supporting “terrorism”, again following the May with Turkey to increase for Qatari tourists. The Saudi Arabia, the UAE, 20-22, 2017, visit of US the size of the Turkish volume of Qatari capital and Bahrain withdrew President Donald TRUMP military contingent in the investments in Turkey their ambassadors from to Saudi Arabia, during country and to expand the increasing steadily during Doha in March 2014. In which he expressed Qatar-Turkey Combined last two decades. In the November 2014, the UAE, substantial support for Joint Force Command in 2000s, the total trade Bahrain, and Saudi Arabia Saudi leaders. And on June Doha with naval and aerial volume between the made the decision to 5, 2017 the Gulf Crisis broke components. On June 7, two countries was just return their ambassadors out when a handful of Arab 2017 the Turkish Parliament US$38 Million. By 2014, to Doha, Qatar after an states led by Saudi Arabia (TBMM) ratified two deals this figure had increased agreement was reached (the de facto leader of the on deploying troops in to US$739 Million and to resolve an 8 month- GCC) abruptly severed Qatar and training its by the end of 2018, trade long dispute between the diplomatic relations with gendarmerie forces. As volume between the two GCC states. In response to the State of Qatar, expelled part of the expansion plan countries increased by Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, the Qatar’s diplomats, recalled construction of a new base 57%, compared to 2017, UAE and Egypt’s threats, their ambassadors, and near the Tariq Bin Ziyad and reached a level of Qatar chose Turkey as imposed a blockade on military barracks was US$1.4 Billion. According an ally and allowed the the country, despite Qatar launched and completed to Qatar Minister of country to open a military being a fellow member of in August 2019. Turkey also Commerce and Industry base in its territories. On the GCC. It is clear that the increased food exports to Ali Bin Ahmed Al-KUWARI, December 19, 2014, the two Gulf Crisis revealed the Qatar to replace those the level of trade exchange countries inked a military fragility of the GCC and previously provided by between the two countries, cooperation agreement created a negative impact Saudi Arabia. Qatar, as which doubled by 78.8% to that allows the deployment on existing diplomatic, a small peninsular Gulf reach about QR 8.7 Billion of the Turkish Armed Forces economic and military state, has struggled to in 2018, compared to QR (TAF) in the State of Qatar. relations between Turkey maintain food supplies 4.8 Billion in 2017, while The agreement was ratified and the GCC. because of the imposed Qatari exports to Turkey by the Turkish Parliament embargo on the country. recorded growth of about The Gulf Crisis also shed (TBMM) on March 19, 2015 According to reports 99% between 2017 and light on the emerging and the first group of soon after the imposition 2018, and Qatari imports defense relations between Turkish troops arrived in of the blockade, Turkey from Turkey grew by about Turkey and Qatar and the capital city of Doha on dispatched airlift (on June 64.9% during the same proved to Qatar how October 4, 2015. As a result 22, 2017 the then Economy period. Qatar ranks first valuable its relationship of these developments Minister Nihat ZEYBEKÇİ among the Gulf countries with Turkey was. Turkey and diplomatic tensions disclosed that 105 cargo in terms of the number of helped its ally to cope with Turkey’s economic ties planes from Turkey carried projects undertaken by the Saudi-led blockade with GCC countries have aid to Qatar) and naval Turkish contractors. and prevented a military suffered a setback. expeditions and supplied escalation of the crisis, as Doha with approximately Speaking to media in Impact of the both Riyadh and the UAE thousands of tons of food January 2020 Deputy Gulf Crisis and reportedly had plans to supplies. The sea route had Minister of Foreign invade Qatar. On June 22, been opened because air Affairs of Turkey, Yavuz Turkey-Qatar 2017, the Saudi-led group Relations transport was insufficient Selim KIRAN disclosed presented Qatar with to meet the needs of the that standing at US$6.4 13 demands, including Though the history of population of the State of Billion Qatar’s foreign severing relations with bilateral relations between Qatar. direct investment in the Muslim Brotherhood, the State of Qatar and Turkey between 2005 and scaling back relations with Turkey-Qatar the Republic of Turkey go 2019 represents the 1.2% Iran, closure of Turkey’s back 1972, it is a fact that Economic and of Turkey’s cumulative permanent military base their relations have gained Trade Relations foreign direct investment. in Qatar, termination of significant momentum Deputy Minister KIRAN also military cooperation with Economic relations after the Gulf Crisis, during stressed that as of 2019

35 there were 170 companies with Qatar capital operating in Turkey. “Qatar is the 7th country where Turkish Contracting Industry companies undertake the most projects abroad. The total value of projects undertaken by Turkish companies in Qatar has reached US$18.3 Billion (many of them related to the 2022 FIFA World Cup soccer tournament). With the project price of US$1.2 Billion received in 2019, 8.11% increase) in 2018. The Since then the Committee industry, technology, and Qatar became the 2nd volume of Turkey’s exports has convened five times standardization to boost country with the highest to Qatar was US$15 Million – in December 2015, bilateral relations. number of jobs after Russia, in 2002. December 2016, November with a share of 6.6%. Qatar 2017, November 2018, Under an agreement expects to see many more Military and November 2019 signed on December 19, Turkish companies setting Cooperation sometimes in Qatar and 2014 Turkey set up its up production facilities in sometimes in Turkey – to first permanent military Doha. Between Qatar & Turkey sign framework agreements base at Tariq Bin Ziyad military barracks. The Speaking at the Qatari- and memorandums of establishment of Turkey’s Turkish Economic Forum The State of Qatar and understanding in different first permanent military held in November 2019 in Turkey currently maintain spheres, including the base, which was named Ankara, Qatar Minister of strong military ties. Several military sphere, with the Qatar-Turkey Combined Commerce and Industry military cooperation the aim of deepening Joint Force Command in Al-KUWARI underlined agreements have been the collaboration and December 2017, in Doha that Turkish companies signed between the strengthening the ties at Tariq Bin Ziyad military operating in Qatar play two countries during between the countries. At barracks, was completed an important role in last decade, and Turkey the fourth meeting of the in April 2016. Construction supporting the national steadily increase its military High Strategic Committee, of Turkey’s second economy, where more equipment exports to the held in Istanbul on permanent base near the than 499 Qatari-Turkish State of Qatar. Turkey’s November 26, 2018 and Tariq Bin Ziyad military joint ventures operate in the military involvement attended by the Turkish barracks was completed fields of trade, contracting in Doha dates back to president and Qatari emir, in August 2019. The Qatar- and information December 2014, when the two countries signed, Turkey Combined Joined technology, while the Head of the State of inter alia, memorandums Force Command’s new number of companies Qatar Tamim Bin Hamad of understanding on Headquarters was officially wholly owned by the Turkish Al-THANI paid an official cooperation in the cyber opened with a ceremony side is 37, which are leading visit to Turkey. During field and the exchange held on December 14, 2019 companies working in the the visit on December 19, of military delegations, with the participation of fields of construction, and 2014 the two countries alongside agreements Turkish Minister of National industry. signed a comprehensive on culture, economy, and military cooperation trade. The Committee's fifth Defense (MoND) Hulusi The volume of exports agreement that allows meeting was held in Doha AKAR, Chief of Turkish from Turkey to the State for the deployment of on November 25, 2019 General Staff (TGS) General of Qatar has also been the Turkish Armed Forces under the co-chairmanship Yaşar GÜLER and Qatar increasing steadily since (TAF) in the State of Qatar of the Amir Sheikh Tamim Deputy Prime Minister 2002. According to Turkish and agreed to set up a Bin Hamad Al-THANI and and Minister of State for Exporters’ Assembly (TIM) bilateral cooperation and Turkish President Recep Defense Affairs Dr. Khalid figures, in 2019 Turkish consultation group called Tayyip ERDOĞAN and Bin Mohamed Al-ATTIYAH. exports to the State of the Turkey-Qatar High witnessed the signature The new base was named Qatar rose to US$1.101 Strategic Committee, of 7 agreements in various after Khalid Bin Walid. The Billion from US$1.018,265 headed by the Qatari emir fields including economy, inauguration of the second Billion (representing an and Turkish President. urbanization, trade, Turkish permanent military base in Qatar further

36

fortified the bilateral military month the Turkish Air the Chiefs-of-Staff of Forces Lt. Gen. (Pilot) Al- and defense cooperation Force (TurAF) participated the two countries since GHANIM met separately between the two nations. in the “FALCON-21 Exercise” beginning of the Gulf with Turkish MoND AKAR The new military base in with the Qatari Air Force. Crisis. For instance, on and Chief of TGS General Doha also reflects Turkey’s In June 2019, the Qatari November 4, 2017, Qatar GÜLER. During the increasing involvement in Air Force participated Defense Minister Khalid meetings, they discussed the security of the State of in the 15-day Anatolian Al-ATTIYAH met with his aspects of joint military Qatar and the Gulf region in Eagle Exercise in Turkey. Turkish counterpart at the co-operation between the general. However, Turkey’s On March 8, 2020 the time, Nurettin CANİKLİ, two sides. On November increasing military presence Turkish Ministry of National to discuss strengthening 29, 2019 the Chief of Staff in the region has created Defense announced that of military and defense of Qatar Armed Forces considerable discomfort the Qatar-Turkey Joint cooperation between the Lt. Gen. Al-GHANIM met among Qatar’s neighbors. Military Exercise “Invincible countries as well as the with the Commander of Sentry 2020 (Al-Hares Al- situation in the Gulf. On Turkish Special Forces, Since the eruption of Mane 2020)” hosted by March 25, 2019 the Chief of Major General Ömer Gulf Crisis in June 2017, Qatar has been kicked off Staff of Qatar Armed Forces Ertuğrul ERBAKAN, cooperation between the with the participation of (Pilot) and his accompanying Turkish and Qatari militaries Turkish troops. According Ghanem Bin Shaheen delegation in Doha, Qatar. has notably intensified to a MoND announcement Al-GHANIM met with the The meeting discussed through a number of high- Turkey participates in Chief of TGS General Yaşar military topics of mutual level visits, joint training the Exercise with two GÜLER in Ankara, Turkey. interest. On December and war games. On June Commando Teams During the meeting a 13, 2019 accompanied 19, 2017 Turkey-Qatar from the Qatar-Turkey number of issues of mutual by Chief of TGS General joint military exercise was Combined Joint Force interest were discussed, GÜLER, Turkish MoND carried out at the Tariq Bin Command, one Special including means of AKAR visited Qatar. During Ziyad military barracks. On Forces Team from Turkish enhancing and developing the visit he met with the July 31, 2017, Turkish Gabya Special Forces Command bilateral relations and Libyan Government head Class TCG Gökova, and one SAT (Underwater cooperation in defense and to discuss the recent carrying 214 sailors, arrived Offence) Team personnel military fields. General Al- maritime deal between in Hamad Port for two from Turkish Naval Forces GHANIM also met Turkish Turkey and . He also days of naval exercises Command. Turkish troops MoND Hulusi AKAR in the attended the inauguration with the Qatari Navy. also participate in the presence of General GÜLER ceremony of the Qatar- Conducted during August “Impregnable Guard and Qatari Ambassador Turkey Combined Joined 1-8, 2017 as part of military 2020” military drill, which to Turkey, Salem Bin Force Command’s new cooperation agreements is organized by the Qatari Mubarak Al-SHAFI. Headquarters in Doha. between Turkey and Qatar Joint Special Forces in During his stay in Ankara, On December 23, 2019 a the joint naval exercise, partnership with the Al-GHANIM also paid a Qatari Navy delegation codenamed “Iron Shield” Ministry of Interior, the visit to Commander of the paid a visit to Turkish included combat maritime Internal Security Force Turkish Special Forces. In Naval Forces Command’s maneuvers. In March 2018, (Lekhwiya), and the Amiri May 2019, Qatar Defense Yıldızlar Surface Training Turkish forces participated Guard. The “Impregnable Minister Al-ATTIYAH met Center Command to get in the Qatari Army's “Lion's Guard 2020” exercise in Qatar with his Turkish firsthand information Den Exercise”; in April 2018 commenced on March 8th counterpart Hulusi AKAR, on the Fire and Damage forces from both countries and run through March 27, and the two met again in Control Training Simulator participated the “Sahin 20” 2020 along with Jordan, August 2019, this time in and the Bridge Combat joint military exercise in the Morocco, Pakistan, the Turkey. In September 2019 Information Center Gulf; in December 2018 they Sultanate of Oman and the Qatari Defense Minister Simulator Systems. On held the “Al-Khandaq” joint US. The drill aims to prepare Al-ATTIYAH and the Chief February 4, 2020 the Chief exercise in Turkey, and in and train the participants of Staff of Qatar Armed of Staff of Qatar Armed February 2019 the Qatari to respond to any cross- Forces Lt. Gen. (Pilot) Al- Forces Lt. Gen. Al-GHANIM forces participated in the border security threat. GHANIM met with the met with Commander of Winter-2019 Exercise, an Chief of TGS General the Turkish Naval Forces annual exercise held in the In order to strengthen the Yaşar GÜLER to discuss (TNFC) Admiral Adnan city of in northeastern existing cooperation and the military relationship ÖZBAL in Doha, Qatar. Turkey. In late April 2019 collaboration between the between Turkey and During the meeting, they Qatar's Border Guard held two-Armed Forces, frequent Qatar. On November 6, reviewed the military a joint exercise with the meetings took place over 2019 at the Turkish Ministry relations between the two Turkish forces in Qatar. the years between the of Defense the Chief of countries and means of Furthermore, in the same Defense Ministers and Staff of Qatar Armed enhancing and developing

38 Industry also rose to US$9 Billion in 2019. The exports of Turkish Defense and Aerospace Industry are expected to exceed US$3 Billion by the end of 2020.

According to data collected by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), during 2015-2019 with a share of 0.8% Turkey TGS ©

© ranked 14th on the list of Chief of TGS General GÜLER and the Chief of Staff of Qatar Armed Forces Lieutenant the 25 largest major arms General (Pilot) Al-GHANIM met at TGS Headguarters in Ankara on Februrary 19, 2020 exporters of the world. Turkey was the 25th largest them. A number of senior Turkish Defense standard compliant and exporter in 2011. Turkey officers of the Armed & Aerospace cost-effective products. notably increased its Forces also attended the arms exports (specifically Industry Export Emerging as a new arms meeting. On February 13, armored vehicles and exporter that can provide 2020 Commander of the Figures naval vessels/boats) more efficient, low cost, Qatari Emiri Navy Major- to the Middle East and Starting in 2010 in combat proven, and less General (Navy) Abdullah Gulf countries, which are an effort to increase problematic products for Bin Hassan Al-SULAITI among the major markets defense cooperation with arms buyers, the Turkish received Commander of for Turkish Defense & Islamic countries, Turkey Defense & Aerospace the TNFC Admiral Adnan Aerospace Sector sales, turned its attention to Industry has managed ÖZBAL. during 2013 - 2019 and this the Middle East and to put 5 firms (Aselsan trend is expected to last On February 19, 2020 the North Africa (MENA) to [52nd], TUSAŞ [69th], STM also in 2020. According second Qatari-Turkish export fast intervention [85th], BMC [85th] and to TIM’s figures during High-Level Military boats, rockets/missiles, Roketsan [89th]) on the list January 1st – December Dialogue Meeting ammunition and of the world’s 100 largest 31st of 2019, the Turkish concluded in Ankara. armored vehicles. During defense companies in Defense & Aerospace The delegation of the recent years, leading 2019. According to export Industry has exported State of Qatar to the Turkish companies such figures revealed by the around US$710,145 Million meeting was chaired by as Anadolu Shipyard, Defense and Aerospace (which was at around the Chief of Staff of Qatar Aselsan, ARES Shipyard, Exporters’ Association US$311,187 Million in 2018 Armed Forces Lt. Gen. Al- Baykar Makina, BMC, (SSI) and the Turkish and US$131,52 Million in GHANIM, while the Turkish FNSS, Havelsan, Meteksan Exporters’ Assembly (TIM), 2017) worth of military side was chaired by Chief Defense, Nurol Makina the Turkish Defense and equipment to the Middle of TGS General GÜLER Sanayi (NMS), Otokar, Aerospace Sector has East and Gulf countries. according to reports the Roketsan, TUSAS, TEI, increased exports by 34.6% According to TIM’s data as meeting discussed a Vestel Savunma and during 2019 compared of December 31st, 2019 the number of issues related Yonca-Onuk JV have been to 2018. According to list of the top 15 countries to the military cooperation quite active particularly figures Turkey has realized that imported defense between the two countries in the Middle East and US$2,741 Billion worth of and aerospace products and ways of promoting and Gulf countries. Acting as defense and aerospace from Turkey is composed enhancing them. On the partners not suppliers exports to 164 countries of; the US (US$816,623 sidelines of the meeting, Lt. towards the Middle East around the globe in 2019. Million), Oman (US$ Gen. Al-GHANIM also met and Gulf countries, Turkish According to data released 297,199 Million), Germany with Turkish MoND AKAR. defense sector companies by TIM, the total weight (US$256,868 Million), During the meeting, the have dramatically of products exported by Qatar (US$186,168 two sides are said to have increased their exports and the Turkish Defense & Million), UAE (US$132,229 reviewed a number of have started to sign high- Aerospace Industry during Million), Ukraine issues related to military value export contracts, January 1st – December (US$119,237 Million), cooperation between the thanks to the proactive 31st of 2019 was around Azerbaijan (US$88,676 two brotherly countries foreign policy, aggressive 44,315 tons. The annual Million), the and means of developing marketing efforts and turnover of the Turkish (US$75,125 Million), the them. state-of-the-art, NATO- Defense & Aerospace

39 UK (US$60,604 Million), Turkish Defense x Bayraktar GÖZCÜ Mini recipient of the Turkish Bahrain (US$40,813 & Aerospace UAV Systems (each has Defense and Aerospace Million), India (US$40,630 4 air vehicles) valued industry products in Million), Pakistan Industry Exports at US$2,5 Million. The 2014, Qatar ranked 4th (US$40,175 Million), to Qatar acceptance tests of both in 2018 and in (US$33,675 Million), France GÖZCÜ Mini UAVs were 2019. According to data Apart from close (US$31,884 Million) and completed in February collected by TIM, Qatar political and personal Italy (US$24,720 Million). 2012 in Qatar. These imported US$52,783 ties between Qatari and Mini UAVs, which are Million worth of military Turkish leadership, the According to TIM figures, Turkey’s first exported equipment from Turkey in defense sector has been the total arms exports Unmanned Air Vehicles, 2014, US$10,375 Million in one of the key areas to carried out by the Turkish were manufactured in 2015, US$52,277 Million in bolster cooperation and Defense & Aerospace accordance with Qatar’s 2016, US$24,484 Million partnership between Industry soared by 5% desert climate. Having in 2017 (ranked 12th these two brotherly during the first two months an operational range of in the list), US$83,455 countries. Despite a of 2020 and reached 15-25 km, the GÖZCÜ Million (this represents strong presence in Qatar US$348,697 Million. With Mini UAV is capable of a 240.85% increase by the US and France, a total of US$62,187 Million reaching a maximum of compared to 2017) in 2018 Turkey also plays an active in purchases the Middle 12,000 feet. Within the and US$186,168 Million role in Qatar’s private and East countries took a 17.8% scope of the MoU valued (represents a 123.08% defense sectors. Qatar is share in Turkey’s arms at US$120 Million, Qatar increase compared to interested in diversifying exports during January 1 also placed an order for 3 x 2018) in 2019. According its defense and security – February 29, 2020. MRTP 34 and 3 x MRTP 16 to SSI data as of 2019, procurement and has Fast Intervention Boats to 15 Turkish Defense Exporting its defense appreciated Turkey’s Yonca-Onuk JV Shipyard and Aerospace Sector products to 164 countries approach for joint (with a disclosed value companies have been around the world Turkey production, research of Euro52 Million) and exporting its products is targeting to become and development, and for an AW139 Helicopter to Qatar. According to a top six country in easy technology transfer. Simulator Training Center reports since the Gulf the world in terms of Qatar has started to sign to Havelsan with a value Crises, that erupted in defense and aerospace large-scale contracts with of around US$50 Million. June 2017, Qatar has spent exports. On December Turkish suppliers for the Under the MoU Qatar also more than US$25 Billion 4, 2019 the Presidency procurement of state-of- procured an undisclosed on military procurements of Defense Industries the-art, NATO-standard number of vehicle-based and according to TIM’s (SSB), the procurement compliant and cost- RF Jammer systems data the total value of authority under the effective defense and from Turkish firm Atel Turkish defense exports Turkish Presidency, issued aerospace equipment for Telecommunication in to Qatar realized during the “Strategic Plan 2019- the Qatar Armed Forces. 2012. As part of the MoU, a 2017-2019 merely 2023,” document, which free SSB Office, acting as amounted to US$295 states that the Turkish The first formal agreement liaison offices, arranging Million. Turkey aspires Defense and Aerospace between the Turkish contracts between local to have a bigger share Sector’s annual turnover MoND and the Qatar authorities and Turkish in Qatar’s defense and will rise to US$26,9 Billion Ministry of Defense for the companies was allocated security procurements in in 2023, from US$8,761 procurement of defense within the Qatari Emiri the coming years. Billion in 2018. According and aerospace equipment from Turkey was signed Navy Command’s to the “Strategic Plan Speaking at Aselsan Union during the IDEF ‘11 Fair. premises in Doha. 2019-2023,” document of Forces Summit held on The Memorandum of Turkey plans to boost its Turkey’s arms sales to February 5, 2019 at ATO Understanding (MoU) defense and aerospace Qatar increased steadily Congresium Center in formed in May 2011 (both military and during 2014 – 2019. Ankara, Turkey, Turkish covered the direct commercial) exports to According to export MoND Hulusi AKAR, procurement of US$120 US$10.2 Billion by 2023, figures revealed by TIM disclosed that Turkey Million worth of military from US$2,188 Billion in and SSI, Qatar is also has recently signed a equipment in the span 2018 and by 2023, the local progressing on the list contract with Qatar for of a year from Turkish content rate in defense of the top 15 countries the sale of FIRTINA Self companies. Under this and aerospace projects that import defense and Propelled Howitzers agreement the Kale/ will reach to 75% up from aerospace products from (SPHs). MoND AKAR did Baykar partnership was 65% in 2018, according to Turkey. While it was the not share any figure about awarded a contract in the plan. 8th largest importer/ the number of FIRTINA 2011 for the supply of 10

40

Factories (AFGM) to the Activities of private company BMC Turkish Defense drew strong criticism in Turkish public opinion and Aerospace and in the end it was Industry decided to transfer the Companies in 1st Main Maintenance Qatar Factory Directorate to ASFAT Inc. According to In order to strengthen Turkish media the transfer the existing cooperation procedure took place and collaboration in the during the second half defense industry between of 2019. It is stated that Turkey and the Middle ASFAT, which undertook East and Gulf countries the transfer, either directly MUSIAD (Independent rented the factory to Industrialists’ BMC or let BMC to run it Businessmen’s within certain conditions, Organization) and periods, and restrictions. the SSB decided to Since its purchase by organize country specific Turkish and Qatari (Barzan exhibitions in selected Holdings) partners for countries. In this context Defence Turkey Defence ©

© US$360 Million following the Turkish Defense The New Generation FIRTINA-II SPH was displayed at a tender held in an early & Aerospace Sector’s MoND's Booth at IDEF'19 2014, BMC has been first event aimed at one working as part of the specific country, High- SPHs to be delivered to modernization factory strategic partnership Tech Port by MUSIAD Qatar Armed Forces. It is was transferred to between Turkey and Qatar, a high level, believed that the contract BMC, a joint Turkish- Qatar. advanced and strategic covers New Generation Qatari venture that technology exhibition, FIRTINA (also dubbed manufactures armored In October 2018 it was was organized during FIRTINA-II) SPHs, which vehicles. The Qatari reported that after October 6-8th, 2015 in are under production at Government owns receiving assurance Doha under the auspices 1st Main Maintenance 49.9% of BMC. Under the that there would be of Turkish President Recep Factory Directorate deal, which represents no export restrictions, Tayyip ERDOĞAN and the located in the Sakarya another landmark in state-owned Machines of Qatar province of northwest Turkish-Qatari defense and Chemical Industries Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Turkey. On December cooperation, BMC will Board (MKEK) signed a Al-THANI. 67 Turkish 14, 2018 Aselsan secured make an initial investment contract to procure 20 and Qatari companies a contract valued at of US$40 to US$50 Million powerpacks (including showcased their latest US$194,6 Million to deliver to modernize the MBT 5TDFMA-1 engines) innovations in the defense Fire Control Systems for assembly and production from UkrOboronProm industry at the High-Tech the 140 FIRTINA-II SPHs unit. BMC plans to convert (Ukrainian Government’s Port by MUSIAD Qatar. ordered for the Turkish the military factory into a Defense Industry Land Forces Command. mass production unit for Enterprise) for the In order to create the MBT, Turkey’s FIRTINA-II SPHs. These awareness in the With a Presidential first indigenous, new- 20 powerpacks were Middle East and Gulf Decree (Decree No: 481) generation MBT. The supposed to be installed countries of the Turkish signed by President plant will be under lease in the Qatari Emiri Land Defense and Aerospace ERDOĞAN on December to BMC for a period of 25 Force’s FIRTINA-II SPHs. Industry capabilities, the 10, 2018 and issued in years, according to the However, according to Presidency for Defense the Official Gazette on deal. However, the Turkish recent reports Turkey Industries (SSB) has been December 21, 2018 as Government’s decision to find a new European supporting national part of the ALTAY MBT privatize and lease of the engine provider for participation in defense Serial Production Project 1st Main Maintenance FIRTINA-II SPHs and series exhibitions in this region. the 1st Main Maintenance Factory Directorate production would start In this context, Turkey Factory Directorate, operated under the soon during the first half participates in important Turkey’s top Main Battle MoND-controlled General of 2020. defense and aerospace Tank maintenance and Directorate of Military exhibitions organized

42 in the Middle East and Gulf region such as IDEX/ NAVDEX (UAE), DIMDEX Defence Turkey Defence

(Qatar), SOFEX (Jordan) © and Bahrain International © Air Show (BIAS) and key players from the Turkish defense sector are Defence Turkey Defence brought together in a © © national pavilion.

Offering great export opportunities for the Turkish Defense and Aerospace Industry products, Turkey has been participating in the DIMDEX Exhibition, which has been held every two years since 2008, at a “National Level” with the support Defence Turkey Defence © and coordination of the © SSB since 2010. Turkey has DIMDEX 2018 been steadily expanding Marine Operations” training area, a cargo general public in Qatar its participation and Training in the Zekreet ship prepared for anti- remains low, our primary stand area at the Doha Zone. The contract was terror and fire training, concern remains the International Maritime signed by the Commander a pentathlon training health and welfare of all Defense Exhibition and of the Joint Special Forces, area, a port for zodiac residents and visitors to Conference (DIMDEX) Major General Hamad Bin boats, a 200-person Qatar and for this reason reaching 33 companies Abdullah Al-Fetais AL- sleeping quarters for the event will no longer occupying 2,413 square MARRI, MDS Chairman soldiers, a 50-person be held,” as stated in the meters of the fairground İlyas AYVACI and Board sleeping quarters for press release issued by the in 2018. Turkey attended Member İzzet ÖZGÜMÜŞ. officers, a dining hall, and organizing committee. DIMDEX 2016 with 24 With new training center weapons and ammunition firms and 1,295 square the training needs of warehouses. Meanwhile Anadolu meters of the fairground 200 military personnel during DIMDEX 2018, Piri Shipyard under the coordination would be met seamlessly Reis University, a maritime of the SSB. At DIMDEX During DIMDEX 2018 the and completely. It was institution, also signed an 2018, which was held Qatari Emiri Navy placed to be established on agreement to establish an during 12-14 March 2018, an order for two Cadet approximately 130 acres academy for the Qatari Turkey’s leading defense & Training Ships (CTS) to of land. The aim of the Emiri Navy. aerospace companies won Turkish private shipbuilder new Naval Special Forces contracts worth US$800 Anadolu Shipyard. Training Center is to train The 7th edition of DIMDEX Million, of which around According to Anadolu elite units such as SAS Exhibition was scheduled US$500 Million went to Shipyard, the 90-meter (Underwater Defense) and to be held during March Turkish private shipyards. vessels will displace 1,950 SAT (Underwater Offence). 16-18, 2020 in Doha, Meanwhile in March 2018 tons and will feature a The new Naval Special however on March 3, the it was revealed that Qatar helipad for a medium- Forces Training Center will organizing committee signed an agreement with size helicopter. The house various buildings announced that after Turkey to build a training vessels, which will have and equipment such as an consulting with public center for Qatar’s marine the capacity to provide administration building, a health officials and the special forces. Under the training for up to 72 naval 50-meter indoor shooting Government of the State contract awarded within cadets and are scheduled range and simulation of Qatar regarding the the scope of DIMDEX to be delivered in 36 center, a multipurpose status of the event, it 2018, Turkish firm MDS months, are also set to training center and was decided upon to Defense Technologies and be capable of performing a parachute training cancel the event due to Construction Inc. would offshore patrol duties. area, a training area for spreading corona virus. establish “BUROQ Special urbanized terrain, a bomb “Though the risk to the

43 Aselsan

Established in 1975 as a Shutterstock © communication electronics © company, Aselsan has grown into the largest defense electronics company in Turkey, one of the 100 largest defense companies (52nd in 2019) in the world. Aselsan already completed the delivery of three 12.7mm STAMP and three 30mm STOP/MUHAFIZ Remote Controlled Stabilized Naval Weapon Systems to the Qatari Emiri Navy and they were integrated on Aselsan's IGLA SAM Launcher System Mounted NMS YÖRÜK 4x4 was inw National Day Yonca-Onuk JV’s MRTP16 Parade in Qatar, Doha and MRTP34 Class Fast Intervention Boats. Aselsan fast boats such as FIACs an undisclosed number Armored Vehicles (WAVs). also delivered a further six (Fast Inshore Attack Craft). of STAMP-2 and SARP Deliveries will take place in 12.7mm STAMP Systems RCWSs to Qatar and some 2020. Aselsan’s 12.7mm STAMP to Qatar and they were of the SARP RCWSs were and 30mm STOP/ Meanwhile under a integrated on six MRTP20 already integrated on MUHAFIZ Systems are also contract awarded by the boats ordered during Renault VAB 4x4 Wheeled being integrated on a total Qatar MoD on October 11, DIMDEX 2016. During the Armored Vehicles in Qatar of 26 HERCULES Fast Patrol 2017 Aselsan completed the DIMDEX 2018 Exhibition, Armed Forces service. Boats (11 x 24m ARES 80, 10 delivery of the Integrated Yonca-Onuk JV secured a The Qatar Armed Forces x 34,5m ARES 110 and 5 x Mobile Border Security contract from the Qatari also utilize the DargonEye 48,5m ARES 150) ordered System to the Qatar Armed Emiri Navy to deliver Integrated Electro-Optic in March 2014 and March Forces on March 12, 2018. four MRTP24/U Special (EO) Sensor System of 2018 by the Qatari Coasts The System includes a Operation Craft (SOCs) and Aselsan. It incorporates and Borders Security tactical vehicle based on four MRTP24/U Fast Missile basically: Thermal Imaging Department from ARES Mercedes Benz fitted with Craft (FACs). Construction Sensor, Laser Range Finder, Shipyard. An agreement the ACAR Land Surveillance of the MRTP24/U SOCs, Color Day Camera, GPS regarding the procurement Radar, ARYA E/O Sensor which would be the Qatari and DMC. According to of 12.7mm STAMP and Systems, SECANS Security version of the Turkish the Aselsan 2019 Activity 30mm STOP/MUHAFIZ Management Software Navy’s new SAT Boat Report, the company Remote Controlled and İŞBİR’s Tactical design, started in 2019. The completed delivery of Weapon Systems for the Silent Cabinet Generator MRTP24/U SOCs will be around 200 DragonEye EO needs of the Qatar Coast system. Also at DIMDEX armed with one of Aselsan’s Sensor Systems to Qatar Guard Command was 2018, Aselsan signed 12.7mm STAMP Remote and Turkish Armed Forces signed between Aselsan a technology transfer Controlled Stabilized Naval in 2019. and ARES Shipyard on deal with Qatari military Weapon System. Whereas December 28, 2016. Under On June 8, 2018 Aselsan technology firm Barzan the MRTP24/U FACs will the €20 Million contract secured a contract valued Holdings (which owns be fitted with a pair of awarded in January 2018 for around US$150 Million from 49% of BMC), covering STAMP Remote Controlled the first batch of 17 boats Nurol Makina to deliver an the establishment of Stabilized Naval Weapon covered the deliveries of undisclosed number of a joint venture ‘BARQ’ Systems as well as Aselsan’s 29 x 12.7mm STAMP and 12 SARP RCWSs (including (Arabic for “lightning”) remotely controlled BORA x 30mm STOP/MUHAFIZ SARP-Dual and SARP- in Qatar for the local Low Altitude/Short Range Remote Controlled ZAFER), SERDAR Anti- production of Aselsan’s Naval Air Defense System Weapon Systems. Having Tank Missile Launching stabilized remote weapon to be armed with MBDA’s established an office Systems and IGLA SAM systems and electro- Mistral missile. At the end (Aselsan-Qatar Project Launcher Systems to equip optical reconnaissance and of 2018, MBDA successfully Office) in Doha, Qatar Qatar Emiri Special Forces’ surveillance systems for the demonstrated the use of Aselsan also exported NMS/YORUK 4x4 Wheeled Qatar Armed Forces. the Mistral missile against

44 ARES Shipyard

Following tough competition with 18 international shipyards ARES Shipyard secured a US$55 Million contract on March 26, 2014, to deliver a total of 17 HERCULES Fast Patrol Boats from advanced composites in three configurations (five 24m ARES 80, 10 34.5m ARES 110 and two 48.5m ARES 150) to the Qatari Coasts and Borders Security Department. ©©Baykar Makina Deliveries started in October 2016 and ARES increased to 26 and the three BAYRAKTAR TB2-S BMC Shipyard managed to total value of company’s Armed UAV Systems complete the delivery of business volume in Qatar with six aircraft, FLIR BMC, a Turkish-Qatari joint the boats in late 2018 (20 has reached US$500 payloads, three Ground venture that manufactures months before the date Million. ARES Shipyard also Control Stations and a armored vehicles, previously specified in the contract). conducted negotiations UAV Training Simulator delivered 40 KIRPI MRAPS In December 2017, the with the Qatari Emiri Navy to the Qatari Emiri Air equipped with a Dodaam handover ceremony for for the sale of two 27m long Force Reconnaissance RCWS to Qatar. During the ARES 150 HERCULES (+2 options) boats with an and Surveillance Centre Doha International Maritime (QC901) Offshore Patrol aluminum body. Within Command, within a one- Defense Exhibition and Vessel, which is 48.5m the scope of the contract, year schedule. Having Conference (DIMDEX 2018), meters in length and the boat personnel would entered Qatar Emiri Air which was held at the Qatar the ARES 110 HERCULES be trained in Qatar, and Force service during National Convention Center (QC812) Fast the Qatari Emiri Navy the first half of 2019, the in Qatar's capital Doha on (FPB), which is 34.5 meters will receive maintenance BAYRAKTAR TB2-S Armed March 12-14, 2018, BMC in length, was held with support for 6 years. ARES UAVs are armed with secured a new contract the participation of Shipyard also secured Roketsan’s MAM-L and to deliver 50 KIRPI-II officials from the Qatari a contract from a Qatar MAM-C smart munitions. MRAPs and 35 AMAZON Coasts and Borders state tourism company Under the contract 4x4 Multipurpose WAVs Security Department and for the construction of 18 Baykar Makina also set to Qatar. Deliveries of the the Ministry of Interior in (8+10) ARES 17 CF luxury up a UAV Operation vehicles that were fitted Antalya. passenger ferries. The first Center and network- with Aselsan’s SARP RCWS two boats were delivered based data tracing and were completed in 2018. During DIMDEX 2018, in April 2014 and deliveries archiving software for ARES Shipyard received of the first batch of 8 ferries the Qatari Emiri Air Force. On March 12, 2019 Vice a follow-on contract to were completed in January Baykar Makina provided Chairman of the Justice and deliver three 48.5m ARES 2015. a 4-month long training Development Party (AKP) 150 Offshore Patrol Vessels activity in , Turkey Ali İhsan YAVUZ disclosed and six 24m ARES 80 Baykar Makina to 55 Qatari Emiri Air Force that in accordance with the agreement Qatar will Special Operation Boats, As pointed out above personnel including UAV buy up to 100 ALTAY MBTs to be armed with Aselsan’s Baykar Makina entered Pilot, Payload (probably from Turkey and 40 of them 12.7mm STAMP and 30mm the Qatar market in March CMX-15) Operator and would be delivered to the STOP/MUHAFIZ Remote 2012 with the delivery of 10 Maintenance crew, Gulf country in the first Controlled Stabilized x Bayraktar GÖZCÜ Mini who operate and fly phase. However, Defense Naval Weapon Systems. UAV Systems (each has BAYRAKTAR TB2-S Armed Turkey spoke to a BMC With this order while the 4 air vehicles) that were UAVs. The company also official during the IDEF total number of ARES ordered in 2011 under a provides 2-year logistic ‘19 Fair and the official Shipyard boats to enter the US$2.5 Million contract. support to the Qatari Emiri disclosed that there was Qatari Coasts and Borders During DIMDEX 2018, Air Force for the operation no formal contract for the Security Department by Baykar Makina secured a of BAYRAKTAR TB2-S purchase at that time. the end of 2020 has been contract for the delivery of Armed UAVs.

45 Havelsan

In December 2012 Havelsan secured a contract valued around US$49 Million for the establishment of an AW139 Helicopter Simulator Training Center in Qatar for the Qatari Emiri Air Force. Under the contract Havelsan designed, developed and delivered one AW139 Full Mission Simulator (FMS), one Flight and Defence Turkey Turkey Defence ©

Navigation Procedures © Trainer, one Cabin Crew The cockpit view of Havelsan's AW136 Full Flight Simulator Trainer Simulator, a Debriefing System and Training Center was not to Havelsan, at least a and Joint Operations a Tactical Control Center completed at that time thousand pilots can be Center. Computer for AW139 Helicopters. The it was decided upon to trained with the AW139 assisted exercise and all-weather AW139 FMS provide training service to Helicopter Simulator war-game systems provides high-resolution the Qatari Emiri Air Force Training Center annually. serve to improve the satellite imagery of AW139 Helicopter pilots capabilities of command Qatar’s 11,000km2 land at Havelsan facilities with Considering Qatar as one staff and headquarters in and medium-resolution the AW139 FMS. Chief of its strategic partners, a cost-effective manner. imagery for the entire of Staff of Qatar Armed Havelsan opened its first Systems and software that Gulf area (100,000km2). Forces Lt. Gen. Al-GHANIM Middle East office in Doha, allow the commander, In addition to this AW139 paid a visit to Havelsan Qatar in August 2017. On headquarters and leader Simulator Training facilities in August 2016 August 21, 2017 Havelsan personnel to imagine and Center (TCC), operated and performed a flight secured a contract from decide on any situation by Havelsan, also in thee AW139 FMS. the Qatar MoD for the they may encounter included were Computer During his visit Lt. Gen. establishment of a Joint during a real operation, Based Training Classes, Al-GHANIM also met Warfare Training Center, enable planning and Debriefing Rooms and and talked with Qatari which would serve all execution of maneuver, Infrastructure Facilities. Emir Air Force pilots and units of the Qatar Armed fire support, air defense, As part of the AW139 trainers who had received Forces and would be able command-control etc. Simulator Training Center Simulator Orientation to provide C4I services. In processes in battlefield Project, which aimed Training at Havelsan the Joint Warfare Training function areas under to meet the training facilities. 50 pilots from Center (JWTC), under realistic conditions. The requirements of the Qatari the Qatari Emiri Air Force development by Havelsan, JWTC, a force multiplier at Emiri Air Force AW139 were trained at Havelsan wargame, Computer the strategic level for the Helicopter pilots, the first facilities for a total of 600 Assisted Exercise (CAX), Armed Forces, is planned delivery took place in June flight hours. Havelsan planning and simulation- to be completed and put 2015. The TCC was among shipped the 47-ton AW139 based procurement into service within the year the first product delivered FMS (manufactured with a activities shall be carried 2020. to Qatar by Havelsan. local content rate of 70%) out. The Joint Warfare and It was followed by the to Qatar on December Training Center (JWTC) In 2019 Havelsan Flight and Navigation 22, 2016. The official consists of the following established a new Procedures Trainer and inauguration ceremony software and systems: company in Qatar, the Cabin Crew Trainer for the AW139 Helicopter Havelsan ETE3 Software named ‘Havelsan Qatar’. Simulator. Production Simulator Training Center (H.ETE3), Havelsan In 2019 Havelsan signed and Factory Acceptance took place on November 5, Social Media Simulation a contract to establish a Tests (FAT) of the AW139 2017. The Site Acceptance Software (H.SMS), a Data Center for the Qatar FMS had already been Tests (SATs) of the AW139 Television Studio and Armed Forces. The high- completed in 2015 but Simulator Training Newspaper Printing tech Qatar Data Center since the construction Center were completed Center, a Data Center, Project that includes of the AW139 Simulator in mid-2018. According a Simulation Software end-to-end engineering,

46 procurement, installation and commissioning of the Qatar Armed Forces Data Center in Doha/Qatar, will strengthen the company’s presence in Qatar. In June 2019 Havelsan also signed a cooperation agreement with Jaidah Group, one of the leading international companies of Qatar in the fields of energy, Yonca Onuk Yonca © telecommunication, © automotive and security, MRTP 20 cyber security solutions. Nurol Makina Mohammed Jaber LABDA, armed with one Aselsan’s With the agreement Programs Director of 12.7mm STAMP Remote signed in Doha, the In 2017 Nurol Makina Barzan Holdings, at Controlled Stabilized Qatar-based Jaidah (NMS) secured a contract a ceremony held on Naval Weapon System. Group will benefit from from Qatar for the delivery the second day of the Whereas the MRTP24/U Havelsan’s experience of 342 EJDER YALÇIN Exhibition. The NMS 4x4x FACs will be fitted with in cyber security and 4x4 tactical wheeled Wheeled Light Armored a pair of STAMP Remote will improve its cyber armored vehicles (WAVs). Vehicles of the Qatar Controlled Stabilized security capabilities by Nurol Makina started its Emiri Special Forces were Naval Weapon Systems as taking advantage of EJDER JALÇIN deliveries fitted with Aselsan’s SARP well as Aselsan’s remotely Havelsan’s products and during the second half RCWSs, SERDAR Anti-Tank controlled BORA Low solutions. Within the of 2017 and in December Missile Launching Systems Altitude/Short Range scope of the agreement, 2017, Qatar displayed for and IGLA SAM Launcher Naval Air Defense System Havelsan will establish the first time it’s EJDER Systems. Nurol Makina to be armed with MBDA’s a Cyber Security Center YALÇIN 4x4 WAVs at the started series production Mistral missile. At the end for the Jaidah Group in Qatar National Day Parade of NMS 4x4 WAVs in June of 2018, MBDA successfully Qatar and will make its in Doha. The displayed 2018. demonstrated the use of cyber security platform vehicle was fitted with the Mistral missile against available to Jaidah Group. Aselsan’s SARP-Dual Roketsan fast boats such as FIACs Under the agreement RCWs. At the National Roketsan delivered an (Fast Inshore Attack Craft). Havelsan will cooperate Day Parade in December unspecified amount of with Qatar universities Yonca-Onuk JV Shipyard 2017 Qatar also revealed MAM-L and MAM-C smart for the localization of had previously delivered the two prototypes of micro munitions to Qatar Havelsan’s solutions. In three MRTP16 Class, three NMS 4x4 WAVs that were for use on BAYRAKTAR line with the agreement MRTP34 Class (Qatar was equipped with Aselsan’s TB2-S Armed UAVs. Havelsan will transfer its SERDAR Anti-Tank Missile the first customer for technologies in the field Launching Systems and Yonca-Onuk this class) and 4 MRTP20 of cyber security to Jaidah IGLA SAM Launcher Shipyard Class Fast Intervention Group. Qatar has been a Systems. During DIMDEX Boats (FIBs, ordered victim of cyber security 2018, Nurol Makina During the DIMDEX in 2015 under a US$44 breaches in the past signed a Memorandum 2018 Exhibition, Yonca- Million contract) to the and has thus worked to of Understanding (MOU) Onuk secured a contract Qatar Emiri Naval Forces. strengthen its cyberspace regarding the purchase from the Qatari Emiri Meanwhile construction and relating data. In May of 214 NMS 4x4 Wheeled Navy to deliver four and delivery phase of 2017, for example, Qatar Light Armored Vehicles MRTP24/U Special for the additional six News Agency suffered a with Barzan Holdings. Operation Craft (SOCs) MRTP20 FIBs that were major security breach. The MoU was signed by and four MRTP24/U Fast ordered during DIMDEX This breach published Major General Hamad Missile Craft (FACs). The 2016 under a €41 Million false articles and released Bin Abdullah Al-FETAIS construction of MRTP24/U contract was completed private emails to the public Al-MARRI, Commander SOCs, which would be the in 2019. The boats were and caused diplomatic of the Qatari Joint Special Qatari version of Turkish armed with Aselsan’s tensions and an economic Forces; Dr. Anıl KAREL, Navy’s new SAT Boat 12.7mm STAMP and 30mm embargo between Qatar Deputy General Manager design, started in 2019. The STOP/MUHAFIZ Remote and other GCC countries. of Nurol Makina; and MRTP24/U SOCs are being Controlled Stabilized Naval Weapon Systems

47 48 49 by Cem DOĞUT bomber that could operate Electric J79-GE-8 engine first jet aircraft produced Phantom’s story began in any weather conditions was selected to power the by McDonnell Douglas. in 1952 when David S. (all-weather). The project aircraft. The J79 was also The F4H-1 first entered Lewis was appointed as was launched with these used on the McDonnell service in 1960 with the the preliminary design needs, but on May 29, Douglas F-101 Voodoo U.S. Navy. In the meantime, manager of McDonnell 1955, new requirements aircraft, and as in Voodoo, the Air Douglas (MDD). With were sent to the company the engines sat low in Force also requested a the team he established, by the Navy. Everything the fuselage to maximize new plane. Secretary of he started working on had changed suddenly. internal fuel capacity and Defense Robert McNamara the new aircraft model Now, the Navy wanted a ingested air through fixed wanted the same aircraft requested by the U.S. tandem-seat fighter jet geometry intakes. With all to be used in all aviation Navy. The aircraft would that could fly CAP (Combat these changes, the first branches (Air Force, Navy, be a supersonic fighter jet. Air Patrol) missions at 300 XF4H-1 prototype was Marines) of the military. MDD started the “Super miles for 2 hours with the finished and became ready The Navy wanted the Demon” project based on capability to detect and for new trials. On July 25, Phantom as an interceptor, the existing F3H Demon engage hostile aircraft at 1955, the Navy ordered two while the Air Force wanted model. MDD’s rivals the extended ranges. XF4H-1 test aircraft and five it for its fighter-bomber Grumman XF9F-9 and the YF4H-1 pre-production missions. The new The YAH-1 project was later Vought XF8U-1 Crusader examples. The first test Phantoms produced for revised. A second crewman were already meeting aircraft made its maiden the Navy are considered was added to operate the supersonic fighter flight on May 27, 1958, with more successful than the the radar, the internally requirements. In response, test pilot Robert C. Little at Convair F-106 aircraft used mounted cannon was they started to work on the controls. The plane was by the Air Force and was removed, the fuselage the more advanced YAH- officially named Phantom II selected by the USAF as was modified to carry 1 project in 1954. The on July 3, 1959, at the 20th well. The plane was initially four semi-active homing planned design criteria anniversary of the factory designated F4H (later missiles, and the General were a single-seat fighter/ to honor FH-1 Phantom, the F-4A) by the United States

50 AJB-3 bombing computer. inches, and the AN/APQ- over. This because the A total of 649 F-4Bs were 116 terrain-following radar USAF believed that newly produced. In the following (TFR) was installed on the introduced radars and years, this model began aircraft. For photography, air-to-air missiles would to be replaced with the the plane was equipped replace the cannons, and F-4J, and between 1966 with a KS-87 forward the hostile aircraft would and 1972, 552 F-4J aircraft oblique camera, two KS- be engaged at 10-15 miles were delivered in total. 87 side-looking cameras, without getting closer to The 288 F-4B aircraft were and a KS-56 panoramic the enemy. Phantom II upgraded to the F-4N camera pointing straight was built on this theory. standard. down. The aircraft’s sensor Unfortunately, this theory suite was also upgraded soon found to be a mistake, The F-4B Phantom II with the AN/APQ-102 and USAF learned the hard aircraft went to Vietnam on side-looking radar and way in the Vietnam War. The August 5, 1964, to conduct the AN/AAS-18A infrared relatively new heat-seeking bomber escort missions. On reconnaissance system for and radar-guided missiles April 9, 1965, the Phantom easier navigation in adverse at the time were frequently II won its first air victory. weather conditions and reported as unreliable, so During the war, U.S. Navy night missions. In 1971, the the cannon was still needed F-4 Phantom squadrons RF-4E was produced by for close engagements. participated in 84 combat combining the RF-4C nose To overcome this tours with F-4Bs, F-4Js, and and the F-4E airframe for problem, USAF F-4Cs F-4Ns. The Navy claimed the German Air Force. The began carrying external 40 air-to-air victories at RF-4E was the unarmed gun pods; however, the the cost of 73 Phantoms export version offered desired hit rate could not lost in combat (7 to enemy to allied air forces. It was be achieved as the aircraft aircraft, 13 to SAMs, and designed strictly for export was not equipped with 53 to AAA). In 1987 the last and never served with the lead-computing gunsights. Phantoms were retired USAF. The lack of a cannon was from deployable USN addressed by adding an ©©Cem DOĞUT squadrons. Phantoms The F-4D model was internally mounted 20 continued to serve as put into service in 1967. mm M61A1 Vulcan on the Although the F-4C was Navy, while the original target drones (QF-4) at the F-4E using the extended virtually identical to designation by the USAF Naval Air Warfare Center nose section of the RF-4C. the Navy/Marine Corps was the F-110A Spectre until their subsequent The combined weight of F-4B in performance, (later F-4C). The F-4 retirement in 2004. the gun and ammunition the F-4Ds were explicitly shifted the center of gravity designation came about in The Air Force F-4Cs arrived tailored for the needs of of the plane forward. To 1962 when the designation in Vietnam in December the USAF. The D models fix this, a seventh systems for all branches 1964. On July 10, 1965, were later upgraded using was added to the rear, the of the U.S. military were F-4Cs of the 45th Tactical the experience gained radar was replaced with unified by order of U.S. Fighter Squadron scored in Vietnam. They were the new AN/APQ-120, Defense Secretary Robert the USAF’s first victories integrated with a new and the existing J79-GE-8 McNamara. The first Air against North Vietnamese optical sight and lead- engines were replaced Force F-4C Phantom flew MiG-17s using AIM-9 computing gunsight. The with the more powerful on May 27, 1963, exceeding Sidewinder air-to-air aircraft could carry 20mm J79-GE-17 engines (each Mach 2 on its maiden flight. missiles. In 1962, the U.S. SUU-16/A and SUU-23/A can generate 17900 lbs. Air Force wanted to replace The first Phantom model external gun pods. Also, of thrust) to compensate its RF-101 reconnaissance used by the Navy in real they started to use laser- the increased weight. Also, aircraft and started the terms was the F-4B. In guided munition for the F-4E Block 48 models RF-4C development 1961 both the Navy and first time with the AN/AVQ- were fitted with leading- program. The prototypes Marine Corps began to add 10 Pave Knife targeting edge slats to increase the were concerted from the F-4Bs to their inventories. pod. aircraft maneuverability. existing F-4C airframes, The aircraft is equipped The United States Air Force and the production aircraft In the late 50s and early with J79-GE-8 axial-flow retired the F-4s from active made its initial flight 60s, the U.S. Air Force turbojet engines, AN/ duty in 1996, and just like in May 1964. The nose thought that the era of APQ-72 radar, AAA-4 the Navy continued to use section was redesigned close-range dog fights infrared search & track the planes as target drones and extended by 33 with aircraft guns was (IRST) system, and AN/ until January 1, 2017.

51 International ©©Roger RICHARDS F/RF-4 Phantom II Users Germany

In the 1960s, the F-104G Starfighter became the standard aircraft of NATO and Luftwaffe (German Air Force). By the early 70s, the F-104G was struggling to meet the needs of users. Luftwaffe wanted a high performance, reliable and fast aircraft that could fly H-423 laser gyro inertial B.20 bombers a total of 92 F-4Ds in the in any weather condition. navigation system (INS), in the RAAF fleet until the following period. The Due to the high losses with the GEC Avionics CPU- F-111C was received.24 ROKAF also ordered 37 the F-104Gs, they sought 143/A digital central air data aircraft produced for USAF new-built F-4Es and started for a twin-engine plane. computer, and MFD (Multi- were leased to RAAF for receiving these aircraft in Germany first ordered 88 Function Display) screens two years at a total cost of 1978. They received 23 RF- RF-4Es in 1969 and then were added to the aircraft. $US41,554 million under 4Cs from the USAF in 1990. ordered another 175 F-4F Germany retired her F-4Fs the “Peace Reef” program The RF-4Cs are officially Phantom II on June 24, in 2013. which was signed on June retired, and a small number 1971. Under this agreement, 22, 1970. All 24 aircraft of F-4Es are still active. Messerschmitt-Bölkow- Australia were delivered to Australia Blohm (MBB) would United Kingdom In the 1960s, McDonnell between September and manufacture parts for Douglas offered a special October. In July 1964, the Royal F-4Fs, and MTU would F-4C model for the Royal Navy ordered two F-4K produce 448 J79-GE/ In 1972, the delivery of the Australian Air Force (RAAF). (FG.1) prototypes for use MTU-17A engines. Although F-111Cs started earlier than Instead of the General on aircraft carriers. They the F-4Fs produced expected. Therefore, the Electric (GE) J79 engine, decided to install Royce specifically for Luftwaffe F-4Es were sent back to F-4C would be powered Spey turbofan engines, were a version of the F-4E, the US gradually, and the by the French SNECMA which are powerful than there were some significant last RAAF F-4E returned Atar 9 turbojet engine. The the J79, on the prototypes differences between them. to the USAF on June 21, Atar 9 was also the engine developed based on the These changes include the 1973. During the three-year of the Dassault Mirage III F-4J model. These provided replacement of the internal service of the planes, only a planes used by the RAAF extra thrust for operation fuel cell number 7 with an single aircraft was lost due at the time. The Royal from smaller British aircraft APU (Auxiliary Power Unit) to an accident. Phantom Australian Air Force (RAAF) carriers. Compared to for the hydraulic pressure A69-7203 crashed on June did not accept this offer the J97 turbojets, Spey system, the non-slotted 16, 1971, during a night and instead decided to buy engines would reduce fuel version of the horizontal bombing sortie on the General Dynamics F-111C. consumption and increase stabilizer, and APQ-120 [V5] Evans Head range. Twenty- Because of the problems take-off performance. The radar which did not support one of the returned planes and delays encountered in introduction of new engines AIM-7 Sparrow missiles. were converted to F-4G and the development process used for the Suppression of into the Phantom required In the early 90s, Germany of the variable-sweep wing Enemy Air Defences (SEAD) significant structural decided to modernize 113 F-111C aircraft, in May 1970, missions. changes. The air intake F-4Fs and launched the it became evident that the area was increased by ICE (Improved Combat delivery of the first plane twenty percent, and the aft Efficiency) program. could not be completed fuselage under the engines The Republic of Korea Under the ICE program, before 1974. Therefore the had to be redesigned. Since Air Force purchased 18 Hughes AN/APG-65Y Royal Australian Air Force these changes caused more secondhand F-4Ds in 1968 digital multi-mode radar, agreed to lease F-4E from drag, they could not provide under the Peace Spectator AIM-120 AMRAAM missile the United States Air Force the expected increase in program and acquired firing capability, Honeywell (USAF) to replace the age performance. Besides the

52 Navy, the (RAF) also asked for the Phantom. They initially wanted to buy the F-4C, but the government disagreed and decided to buy the F-4M (FGR.2), the Spey-powered version of the F-4C. A total of 170 (52 K and 118 M) Phantoms were acquired. The need for new aircraft emerged Oren Rozen Oren after the Falkland war, and © consequently, 15 F-4Js © IDFAF's 201st Squadron F-4E Kurnass 2000 were purchased from the US Navy in 1984. The Six-day war in 1967, the to the Israeli F-15, F-16, and United Kingdom officially arms embargo imposed the other aircraft used by retired the Phantoms by France and Soviet arms the Air Forces of the Arab The Spanish Air Force in October 1992 and sales to Arab countries states, were upgraded in acquired 36 ex-USAF replaced them with changed the opinion of 1987 under the Kurnass F-4C Phantoms between Panavia Tornadoes. the U.S. government. 2000 modernization October 1971 and Iran Under the “Peace Echo I” project. Phantoms refitted September 1972 under program, Israel purchased to Kurnass 2000 standard the “Peace Alfa” program. Iran received 32 F-4D, 44 F-4E and 6 RF-4E underwent many changes, Later, Spain purchased 4 177 F-4E, and 16 RF-4E aircraft in September including new radar, HUD F-4C and 4 RF-4C under between 1968 and 1979. 1969. In the War of Attrition (Head-Up Display), mission the “Peace Alfa II” program On February 28, 1979, the that took place between computer, MFD (Multi- in 1978 and an additional United States imposed Egypt and Israel between Function Display), HOTAS 8 RF-4C in 1989. In 1995, sanctions on Iran after 1969 and 1971, the Israeli (hands-on-throttle-and- Spain received another 6 the Islamic revolution Air Force (IAF) used the stick), radio, avionics, and RF-4Cs to replace the first and the exile of Reza Shah Phantoms for the first structural strengthening. RF-4Cs. The last Spanish Pahlavi, the Shah of Iran. time during its attack on Israeli Phantoms saw Phantoms were retired in As a result of the arms the Egyptian air defence extensive combat during 2002. embargo, the Imperial units located west of the Arab–Israeli conflicts. Iranian Air Force (IIAF) Suez Canal on October Between 1969-1982, Japan could not receive 31 F-4E 22, 1969. The Israeli F-4Es Israeli F-4Es shot down From 1968, the Japan and 11 RF-4E. Phantoms scored their first air victory 116 hostile aircraft in Air Self-Defence Force played an active role in on November 11, 1969, by these battles, whereas 55 (JASDF) imported 14 the Iran - Iraq war that downing an Egyptian Mig- Phantoms were lost to the unarmed reconnaissance started on September 22, 21. The F-4E Phantoms, enemy fire. The last Israeli RF-4E and purchased 1980. Although few, the which are relatively F-4s were retired in 2004. a total of 140 F-4EJ Islamic Republic of Iran Air weaker when compared Force continues to use the F/RF-4s actively despite the embargo. Israel

Israel is the largest foreign operator of Phantom with the 240 F-4E and RF-4E it bought between 1969 and 1976. Israel declared its intention to buy Phantom for the first time in 1965, but the United States did Alan Wilson © not accept this request. © However, as a result of RF-4EJ's that had been modernized by KAI project, were the part of the 501st Israel’s losses after the Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron in JASDF

53 Phantoms without aerial refueling, AGM-12 Bullpup missile system, Cem DOĞUT Cem ©

AN/AJB-7 bombing © system, nuclear control system or ground attack capabilities. The first two F-4EJs were produced by McDonnell Douglas, while the remaining 138 aircraft were manufactured under license in Japan by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries. These are the only Phantoms built outside the United States. One of the planes (17- RF-4E was the part of 348th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron in the Hellenic Air Force 8440) was the very last of the 5,195 F-4 Phantoms Japan will retire its Egypt to give a chance Phantoms in total with manufactured in the world. Phantoms this year and to examine these planes deliveries starting in Mitsubishi delivered it on replaced them with F-35A firsthand. Egypt began March 1974. In 1997, May 20, 1981. In the late Lightning II. receiving the aircraft in upgraded a total of 39 80s, 110 out of 125 aircraft September 1979; however, F-4E aircraft under the in service were planned Egypt as the Egyptian Air Force “Peace Icarus 2000” (29 to be modernized, but Egypt started to receive used to fly Russian planes, Peace Icarus I and 10 Peace this number was later economic aid from the they had a hard time Icarus II) modernization reduced to 96 because of US after the Camp David keeping the Phantoms program. As part of the budget constraints. Under agreement signed with ready for combat missions. modernization, AN APG- the “Kai” modernization Israel in 1978. Before the Egypt even thought to sell 65 radar, GEC-Marconi program AN-APG-66J agreement, the Egyptian these planes to Turkey in HUD, GPS/INS, and pulse-doppler radar, Air Force (EAF) was using 1982. Later, with the new MFDs were installed new mission computer, Russian aircraft. In 1979, training programs and on the aircraft. The Kaiser Heads-Up Display, the Egyptian Air Force the support of the US, the modernized planes were AN/APZ-79 IFF, LN-39 purchased 35 former number of active aircraft later designated as F-4E INS and J/APR-6 RWR USAF F-4Es from the increased in 1985. By 2020, AUP (Avionics Upgrade systems were installed on United States as part all the EAF Phantoms are Program). The Hellenic Air the F-4EJ aircraft. 11 RF- of the “Peace Pharaoh” retired. Force officially retired the 4Es were included in this program. In exchange RF-4E Phantoms on May program and upgraded Greece for the Phantoms, the US 5, 2017, while around 20 to the RF-4E Kai standard decided to buy some Mig- The Hellenic Air Force F-4E AUPs are still active. and equipped with new 21 and Mig-23 aircraft from ordered 121 F/RF-4E AN/APQ-172 radar, J/APR- 5 RWR, and LN-39 INS. 17 F-4EJs were converted into reconnaissance Cem DOĞUT Cem aircraft and designated © © as RF-4EJ after receiving a similar upgrade. RF- 4EJs can carry LOROP (Long Range Oblique Photography - KS-146B camera), TAC (Tactical Camera Pod - KS-135A, and KS-95B cameras or D-500UR IR camera) and TACER (Tactical Electronic Reconnaissance - ELINT) under-fuselage pods for reconnaissance missions.

54

56 The needs of the Command (TurAF) were mostly met by the United States Military Assistance Program (MAP) under the Marshall Plan, which started in 1948. When Turkey became a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1952, large amounts of aircraft were acquired with Cem DOĞUT Cem © the help of other NATO © countries, primarily the 111th Squadron United States (USA). By the 1960s, the striking power parts, and facility support readiness training of the II planes, which were of the Turkish Air Force needs of the Eskişehir F-4E Phantom II weapon delivered under the Peace was formed by the F-84 and Erhaç/ Jet system officers. 8 F-4E Diamon II between 1978- Thunderstreak and F-100 Air Bases, as well as the Phantoms, delivered in 79, were assigned to the Super Saber aircraft, which personnel selection and 1974, were assigned to “new” 113th Squadron. The were acquired through training programs, were the 113th Squadron. Of the “Tayfun” call sign, which the assistance program. also planned. 32 planes that delivered was used when flying In addition to these, in 1975, 12 were assigned with the F-4E in 1974, was TurAF was also operating With the arrival of two to the 113th Squadron, changed to “Işık” (“Light”) a small number of F-5 F-4E Phantom II (73- and the remaining 20 with the introduction of Freedom Fighter and 1016 and 73-1017) aircraft were assigned to the RF-4E aircraft to the F-104 Starfighter aircraft. to the 1st Main Jet Base 112th “Şeytan” (“Devil”) Turkish Air Force. Due to the problems Command with US pilots Squadron. As part of the that started in in on August 30, 1974, the Peace Diamond II Project, With the delivery of 1960 and the crisis that Phantom page was 32 F-4E Phantom II and 8 F-4E Phantom II aircraft, escalated with Greece officially opened in the RF-4E Phantom II aircraft modern munitions such after the intervention on history of Turkish aviation, were ordered in total. as TV-guided AGM-65A/B the island in 1964, the and the incoming An interesting feature Maverick air-to-ground need for a new multi-role Phantoms entered service of the Peace Diamond II missiles (AGM), AN/ fighter plane emerged in with the 113th “Tayfun” Project is that the 5000th AVQ-23 Pave Spike laser the early 1970s. (“Typhoon”) Squadron, serial production F-4E targeting pods, laser- established the same year was delivered to the guided 500 and 2000 The acquisition of 36 F-4E at Eskişehir. F-4Es were Turkish Air Force with lb GBU-10/12 Paveway Phantom II by Greece taken to the Turkish skies the tail number 77-0290 I/II and electro-optical under the Peace Icarus for the first time by Tayfun within the scope of this guided 2000-pound Project in 1971, highlighted Squadron Commander project. The 172nd “Şahin” GBU-8 HOBOS bombs the necessity of meeting Major Ergin Celasin and (“Falcon”) Squadron were also entered to the the modern and powerful Captain Ziya Alemdar and the 111th “Panter” TurAF inventory. In this aircraft need of the with the Phantom 73- (“Panther”) Squadron way, the Turkish Air Force Turkish Air Force. Contract 1016 on September 2, were modernized with gained the precision negotiations with the USA 1974. Squadron personnel the aircraft that had been strike capability against started in February 1972 became combat-ready purchased since April air-ground targets for the and were completed in a in mid-1975. With the 1978 under the Peace first time in its history. In short time, and the Peace introduction of F-4E Diamond II Project. The addition to these modern Diamond project was Phantom IIs, the Weapon 113th Squadron, the first munitions, medium- launched within the same Systems Officer (WSO) F-4 Squadron established range semi-active radar year. A total of 40 F-4E class, which was not exist in 1974, disbanded on July homing AIM-7E Sparrow Phantom II aircraft were in the Turkish Air Force, was 3, 1979. Instead, the 114th and short-range infrared ordered, and the project introduced and “Şimşek” Squadron, which was heat-seeking AIM-9B/P was financed from the (“Lightning”) Air Wing, established for the second Sidewinder missiles national budget. Within which was established time in 1977, was named as were started to be used the scope of the order, the under the Squadron in the 113th Squadron in 1979, for air-to-air missions. necessary supply, spare 1976, began the combat and 8 RF-4E Phantom Furthermore, one of the

57 F-4E/2020 preparing for flight as part of a counterterrorism operation with four Mk-83 GP bombs

most effective electronic As part of the Peace Within the scope of the Operation Desert Storm, countermeasures (ECM) Diamond III Project, 15 Peace Diamond IV Project, launched by the US- system, ALQ-119 pods F-4E Phantom II aircraft 15 ex-USAF F-4E aircraft led coalition to remove were also introduced to were supplied from the were purchased between Iraq from Kuwait. In this increase the electronic Aircraft Maintenance 1984 and 1985 to replace context, as part of the warfare capability and and Regeneration Center the losses of the four Peace Diamond VI Project, protect the aircraft against (AMARC) in the USA from Phantom squadrons. These 40 ex-U.S. Air National radar-guided surface-to- July 1981 to April 1984. planes were followed by Guard Aircraft F-4E aircraft air (SAM) missiles. Thanks These planes, which were 40 ex-USAF Aircraft F-4E were received between to the APQ-120 radar, purchased under the Phantom II aircraft with 1991-1992. which is considered to be Peace Diamond III project, Peace Diamond V Project the advanced technology were assigned to the 173rd in 1987. These aircraft were Under the Kaan project, system of its time, the Squadron after painted first modernized in the Turkey purchased a F4E Phantom II can carry in Southeast Asia (SEA) 131st “Ejder” (“Dragon”) total of 46 ex-Luftwaffe out interceptions day camouflage. Squadron and later in the RF-4E aircraft, which and night, in all weather 132nd “Hançer” (“Dagger”) became surplus after the conditions. Thus, the 112th Within the scope of the Squadron at 3rd Main Jet unification of East and and 172nd Squadrons were Peace Diamond IV Project, Base Command in Konya. West Germany in 1990 and assigned as an all-weather 15 ex-USAF F-4E aircraft the end of the . fighter-interceptor were purchased between In 1991, military aid was While 12 of the planes were squadron with Sparrow 1984 and 1985 to replace received from the USA purchased as spare parts, and Sidewinder missiles. the losses of the four and its allies as a result 34 RF-4Es were undergone Phantom squadrons. of the support given to an extensive upgrade by

58 and could not respond structural and avionics to current needs and modernization of F-4E threats. Turkey had two aircraft. The German offer alternatives to maintain its included the replacement strong military position in of the AN/APQ-120 fire the region and to increase control radar of the F-4E its deterrence. In line with with the AN/APG-65 this need, Turkey would radar used in the F/A-18 either replace the old Hornet, next-generation Phantom aircraft with a avionic displays, mission new twin-engine fighter- computer, flight control bomber or upgrade system, a new navigation some of the existing system, and the capability F-4E Phantom II aircraft to launch AIM-120 with a comprehensive Advanced Medium- modernization project Range Air-to-Air Missiles to increase their service (AMRAAM) with the MIL- life for at least 20 more STD-1553B data bus. On years. Turkey favored the the other hand, the IAI modernization option solution based on the for economic reasons. Kurnass 2000 developed Turkey’s 30 years of for the Israeli Air Force experience in training, included the replacement equipment, materials, of the existing radar with repair, maintenance, and ELTA product EL/M-2032 logistic support capability and the integration of AN/ were also played a ALQ-178[V]3 electronic significant role in this countermeasure system, decision. MXF-484 VHF/UHF radio, HOTAS flight control German DASA and system, heads-up display Israeli IAI companies (HUD), integrated INS/ submitted their proposals GPS navigation system, to the project, which airborne videotape was launched for the ©©Cem DOĞUT

Messerschmitt-Bölkow- F-4E/2020 Blohm (MBB) before Cem DOĞUT Cem © delivery. Within the scope “Terminator” © of modernization, the Modernization aircraft’s AN/APQ-99 radars were replaced with Making its maiden flight the AN/APG-172 radar in 1958, the Phantoms system, which was also represents the technology used in the USAF RF-4Cs of the 1960s. Thanks that recently modernized to their standard APQ- by the US Air Force. The 120 radar system, the deliveries began in 1992 Phantoms successfully and were completed in carried out air-to-air 1994, and the planes were missions until the mid- assigned to the 113th and 80s. However, by the 173rd Squadrons. In 1994, 90s, the existing F-4E the Bora Air Wing was Phantom II aircraft in the established in Eskişehir, Turkish Air Force inventory and RF-4E training was reached high values in started to transform the terms of both airframe 173rd Squadron in Malatya life and flight hour into a reconnaissance role. rates. Eventually, they have become outdated

59 to the agreement, Israel 2035 is an X band Pulse- would provide the Doppler multi-mode radar necessary structural and with SAR/GMTI (Synthetic avionic modernization Aperture Radar/Ground kits for the 28 planes to Target Moving Indicator) be modernized in Turkey, capability. Thanks to the train Turkish engineers SAR/GMTI function, the for avionic integration, EL/M-2035 radar can establish a System display tanks, armored Integration Laboratory vehicles, howitzers, (SIL), and transfer this missile batteries, aircraft laboratory to Eskişehir. (on the ground), land- Thanks to this technology based radars, and other transfer provided by Israel mobile-stationary or within the scope of the land-surface targets project, the 1st Air Supply with a resolution close to and Maintenance Center photographic quality. The was planned to acquire range and coordinates of the capability to carry the ground targets can out the desired structural be determined from the and avionic changes on pictures collected with the the aircraft by improving SAR/GMTI mode. the technological infrastructure of the It is possible to summarize center. The first two the Mil-STD 1553 system as F-4E/2020 (73-1032 and a computer program that 68-0498) were delivered enables the avionics and to the Turkish Air Force weapons systems on the with a ceremony held on aircraft to communicate January 27, 2000. The with each other. Thanks Cem DOĞUT Cem © to the system, which

© two aircraft received were transferred to the consists of both software and hardware, all modern recorder (AVTR), full- offer and chose the ELTA 111th Squadron. The first weapons can be easily color multi-function product EL/M-2032 radar F-4E/2020 was delivered certified and integrated displays (MFD), a new for the modernization of to the 171st Squadron on into the aircraft. mission computer and the Turkish Phantoms. December 21, 2001. MIL-STD-1553B data bus. The Heads-up Display After evaluating the If we look at the post- Furthermore, the aircraft (HUD) is a system that offers, Turkey reached an modernization capabilities would gain the ability to shows the critical flight agreement with IAI and of the F-4E/2020 aircraft; ability to fire Popeye-I air- and tactical data of signed a contract worth to-surface guided missiles Produced by the Israeli the aircraft at eye level US$632,5 million with the (ASM) and carry ELTA EL/L- ELTA company, the EL/M- by projecting it onto a 8225 electronic warfare company in 1997. Within pod. the scope of the project called Terminator, all The EL/M-2032 radar wiring equipment of the provided a cost advantage planes to be modernized Cem DOĞUT Cem ©

as well as a political would be changed, and © advantage in technology their airframes would be transfer as there is no need strengthened. According to obtain permission from to the agreement, 26 of the the USA. Turkey examined 54 F-4E Phantom aircraft the technological and were to be modernized in operational capabilities Israel, and the remaining of the radar and stated 28 were to be upgraded that it is at least as in the 1st Air Supply and successful as AN/APG-76 Maintenance Center of the in terms of performance. Turkish Air Force located Turkey accepted the IAI’s in Eskişehir. According

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transparent glass behind the front canopy. Thus, pilots can access this Cem DOĞUT Cem ©

vital information without © requiring looking away from their usual viewpoints and concentrate on flying the aircraft.

The hands-on throttle- and-stick (HOTAS) is the concept of placing buttons and switches on the throttle lever and flight control stick in an aircraft’s cockpit, allowing pilots to access vital cockpit RF-4E/TM Reconnaissance Aircraft, 173rd Squadron functions and fly the plane without having to (MFD) were added added to the aircraft, the off. Therefore, pilots can remove their hands from to the cockpit of the Terminators can navigate locate their targets easily the controls. The system F-4E/2020 Terminators, from one point to another and engage with high gives the pilots the ability one in the front seat and point precisely, and the precision. to manipulate all the two in the rear seat. All absolute position of the essential radar functions the radar, navigation, plane can be determined. Thanks to these Have- without moving their equipment, and other The system, in principle, Quick compatible MXF- hands away from the stick flight information can be calculates the latitude and 484 VHF/UHF band or throttle. Other features checked and, if necessary, longitude information very radios integrated into the include weapon release, changed from these accurately and transmits aircraft, air-to-air and air- radio communications displays. Sitting in the its navigation coordinates to-ground communication switch, chaff & flare back, the Weapon Systems to the flight control can be done without being countermeasure Officer (WSO) can control computer. Position data jammed and intercepted. activation, speed brake different systems such as of the flight zone or the These radios use the NATO controls, nose wheel radar and weapons from designated targets can radio communication steering, and aerial two displays on the rear be uploaded to the INS/ standard Have-Quick refueling disconnect. seat instrument panel. GPS, which is calibrated protocol to minimize jamming and interception A total of three Multi- and programmed on Thanks to the INS/ risk. The antenna of these function Displays the ground before take- GPS navigation system new radios is a large black

©©Cem DOĞUT

62 antenna placed on the system. Passive protection “Işık (Light) With the project, 7 RF- aircraft fuselage. This systems integrated into 4E purchased from antenna creates the most F-4E/2020 aircraft include Project” the US, and 11 RF-4E significant visual difference chaff and flare dispensers Turkey’s first aircraft transferred that distinguishes for deceiving hostile radar from the German Air F-4E/2020 aircraft from and infrared missiles. National Force (Luftwaffe) were other F-4Es. Aircraft modernized. The RF-4E The most significant aircraft from the US and Mikes ALQ-178[V]3 improvement that Modernization Germany had notable modules were selected increases the strike equipment and structural for F-4E/2020 aircraft capability of the F-4E/2020 modernization differences. The US origin as the radar warning Terminators is that the was followed by the “Işık RF-4Es had leading-edge receiver (RWR), which is F-4E/2020 aircraft can (Light) Project.” In line with slats like other F-4Es in the standard equipment fire Popeye missiles. The the operational needs of TurAF inventory, while of every modern fighter Popeye is a solid-rocket the Turkish Air Force, the the Luftwaffe RF-4Es had jet. The same system was powered stand-off missile Işık (Light) Project, which leading-edge flaps and also chosen for the first weighing 1,360 kg (3,000 was the first national Boundary Layer Control package of the Turkish F-16 lb) with a 340 kg (750 lb) aircraft modernization (BLC). Other structural (Block 30/40) aircraft under blast fragmentation or project of Turkey, was differences were that the the Peace Onyx I project. 360 kg (800 lb) I-800 initiated to provide 18 RF- US planes had rounded The EL/L-8225 jamming penetrating warhead 4E Phantom II aircraft with camera bays, while the pods produced by Israeli and imaging infrared the ability and capability German ones had angled ELTA were purchased or TV guidance. It has a to navigate accurately camera bays. With the as part of the project to reported range of 100 km, in all weather conditions Prototype Phase that provide active electronic depending on its launch and to successfully started on January 29, countermeasure (ECM) altitude. The missile can conduct day and night 2004, one US and one solutions. Together with also be controlled directly reconnaissance missions German RF-4E aircraft ELTA, Havelsan provides through the data link. under electronic warfare were modernized. The software control of the protection. 111th and 112th Squadrons

first aircraft, which out various studies a digital data bus were The aircraft is also was upgraded under including design and carried out by Aselsan equipped with a system the Prototype Phase, final modernization while MİKES performed capable of effective, made its first flight on configuration selection, the modernization of the uninterrupted, and secure December 19, 2008, and installing and operating Electronic Warfare system. communication thanks to the second aircraft on the system in a laboratory the new generation digital January 19, 2009, and the environment, prototype With the Işık (Light) remote communication test flights completed on application on two aircraft, Project, which was carried systems that are resistant April 16, 2009. The serial structural modernization, out entirely by Turkish to electronic warfare. Production Phase, which installation and analysis engineers, technicians, started on August 31, 2007, of the avionics, ground and pilots, both flight and To ensure that RF-4Es can and covered 16 aircraft, and flight tests, and mission planning systems operate safely without any was completed in 2010. serial modernization. were made autonomous in structural failures until the The production of RF-4E aircraft, and it was 2020s, 16 critical parts on Turkey’s first national navigation, flight control, ensured that the planes the aircraft were replaced/ fighter aircraft and communication could find their positions reinforced to extend the modernization project, equipment of aircraft and with high precision in service life of the jets Işık (Light) Project, was their integration using all weather conditions. without disrupting the accomplished by the structural integrity of the main contractor 1st Air planes. Supply and Maintenance Center (HİBM) Command As part of the avionics

Cem DOĞUT Cem modernization process, with its technical/ © © technological knowledge the cockpits of the and infrastructure gained aircraft were redesigned, from the F-4E/2020 and including the newly F-5 2000 Modernization installed instruments and Projects which were control panels. Moreover, also realized with the the Avionic Relay Panel participation of the was redesigned and manufactured, front 1st HİBM Command. Phantom preparing flight with SUU-20 practice bomb and rear seat instrument The command carried dispenser panels, pedestal panel,

64 The Pilot and the Weapon aircraft also received an Systems Officer (WSO), extensive upgrade. The receive and control the existing RT-793A/ASQ UHF navigation information and RT-792/ARC-105 HF from the LN-100GT EGI radio sets were replaced system via the CDU- with two encrypted and 900Z Control Display Unit. Link 11 compatible MXF- Communication between 484 UHF/VHF Have Quick the upgraded avionics radio sets delivered by with digital interfaces such Aselsan. Additionally, 1 as the LN-100GT system ARC-190 HF radio, Avionic and the and the original Activation Panel, and analog display systems Throttle Lever PTT (push maintained on the aircraft to talk) Switch were is provided through the integrated into aircraft. SBU-100 Synchro-to- Within the scope of the EW digital Converter Unit system modernization, the which specially designed AN/ALR-46 RWR system by Aselsan for this project. was replaced with the The AN/APN-159 radar AN/ALQ-178[V]3R Passive altimeter system on the Electronic Warfare System. plane was replaced with While the E/J Band the AN/APN-232 CARA antennas of the EW system (Combined Altitude Radar on Luftwaffe aircraft Altimeter) system. The are located on the right ©©Cem DOĞUT communication system and left side of the front of RF-4E reconnaissance KS-87B camera bay, the and left and right consoles Panel were installed by were also redesigned. In redesigning the right this way, the cockpits of and left consoles in the German and US origin front cockpit. Located on Cem DOĞUT Cem aircraft were standardized. the rear seat instrument © © New wirings were also panel, the RWR interface produced and installed control unit its display for the updated avionic instantaneously provides system. Within the scope threat environment of modernization, the information in full CDU-900Z Control Display color. CDU-900, AAP, Unit, which is the primary and MILSEC-III crypto interface between the units were installed by pilot and Flight Control redesigning the rear seat System and the Radar right and left consoles, Warning Receiver (RWR) and some modifications display of the AN/ALQ- were made on existing 173[V]3R passive electronic panels. The LN-12 Inertial warfare system were Navigation System (INS) installed to the front on the RF-4E aircraft was seat instrument panel. replaced with the LN- The CDU-900Z Control 100GT Embedded INS/ Display Unit acts as the GPS (EGI) system which center of the flight control reduces the nautical system and the primary miles per hour position interface between pilots error-rate from 3.6nm to and the main avionics. 0.8nm when INS is active, RWR Interface Control and to 10 meters when Unit (ICU), Weapon INS/GPS is used together Control Panel, Avionic providing the aircraft Activation Panel (AAP), with a highly accurate and Reconnaissance navigation capability.

65 Laboratory (SEL), which was established under the 1st HİBM Command as a functional example of aircraft avionics architecture in a laboratory environment. Within the scope of the project, to measure more than 120 parameters on the F-4E/TM aircraft, Flight Test Measurement ©©Cem DOĞUT studies on the plane were carried out at the antennas on the US origin “Şimşek the LN-100G Embedded Flight Test Measurement RF-4E planes are located INS/GPS produced under Center under the 1st HİBM at the wingtips. Also, 5 (Lightning)” license by Aselsan. Plus, Command. This center Luftwaffe RF-4E aircraft Modernization the Flight Controls of the formes the core of the were upgraded to utilize aircraft was improved 401st Test Squadron. the KS-146B Long Range Program with the CDU-900 Oblique Photography Control Display Unit and Conclusion Modernization activities (LOROP) reconnaissance the Operational Flight continued with the During its 46-year pods with the Işık (Light) Software developed by “Lightning (Şimşek) adventure in Turkey, Project, raising the total Aselsan engineers. With Project.” The Second which started on August number of RF-4E/TM the encrypted and Link- Package of the F-4E 30, 1974, Phantoms reconnaissance aircraft 11 compatible MXF-484 Lightning Modernization served in nine different to 12. As part of the KS- radio system that enables Project was started in squadrons (111,112,113,131,1 146B reconnaissance pod communication in UHF 2006 to strengthen the 32,171,172,173, and 401) and system, the Reconnaissance and VHF bands, F-4E/TM airframe structure and introduced the Turkish Air Pod, Control Panel, aircraft were provided improve the avionics of Force to modern radar, Power Distribution Unit, with an efficient and the 16 F-4E Phantom II ECM and ammunition. and Two-position Side secure communication Fighter-Bomber planes In addition to working Oblique Optics were capability. Similar to in the Turkish Air Force with advanced weapon installed on the aircraft. the Işık (Light) Project, inventory. In this context, systems, Phantoms The SBU-100 Converter communication between the F-4E/TM (classified as had another significant act as a data interface the upgraded avionics such after modernization) contribution; thanks to for the INS information with digital interfaces aircraft 68-0403, which the Terminator, Işık (Light) provided by the LN-100GT such as the LN-100GT performed its first and Şimşek (Lightning) navigation system to the system and the and the official test flight on modernization projects, KS-146B reconnaissance original analog display December 24, 2009, the Turkish Air Force and pod system. LOROP was systems maintained on after its modernization, Turkish Defence Industry designed to take high- the aircraft is provided was delivered to the 1st gained unprecedented resolution photographs through the SBU-100 Main Jet Base Command experience in system at high altitudes and long Synchro-to-digital with a ceremony held at integration, product distances. The system Converter Unit designed the 1st Air Supply and development, and their includes the KS-146 by Aselsan. Therefore, Maintenance Center testing procedures. cameras featuring a seven- analog systems were (HİBM) on March 2, 2010, When the project first element, 1676-mm (66-inch) guaranteed to work and the project was started, Phantoms were focal length f/5.6 lens, a together with modern completed in 2010.F- planned to be retired in two-axis gyro-stabilized digital systems without 4E /TM planes were 2020 with the arrival of scan head, a passive making any changes to undergone a similar the first F-35 to Turkey isolation system, and a self- the existing displays that avionic modernization to and the reactivation of the contained thermal system. the pilots are accustomed RF-4E/M reconnaissance 172nd Squadron. However, Depending on the altitude to. Before the flight test, aircraft (except the MIKES it’s all water under the of the aircraft, the system the new avionic systems product AN/ALQ-178[V]3R bridge now; the F-35s can provide maximum to be integrated into passive EW suite). Within did not arrive, and the resolution at a distance the aircraft were first this framework, the F-4E/2020s will continue of 65 to 100 km from the ground tested in the navigation system of the to protect Anatolian skies target. System Integration plane was upgraded with in the future...

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TSSK's 7th Project Market and Cooperation Summit Held in Ankara The 7th Project Market Summit organized by Teknokent Defense Industry Cluster (TSSK) was held with the main theme of "Sectoral

by Saffet UYANIK Cooperation and Qualified Workforce" The TSSK Project Market and Cooperation Summit was organized for the 7th time this year by Teknokent Defense Industry Cluster and was held with the participation of Prof. İsmail DEMİR, the President of Defense Industries, on January 5, 2020 in Ankara at the METU Culture and Congress Center. The Summit, with main theme of “Sectoral Cooperation and Qualified Workforce”, was held by the Teknokent ©©Defence Turkey Defense Industry Cluster, METU and ODTÜ which has increased by 10% processes. For healthy and our member companies, TEKNOKENT under the compared to the previous sustainable collaborations, approximately 3,000 auspices of the Ministry year, we see that they we also expect that qualified employees, we see of National Defense and carry out a large spectrum relevant mechanisms are that the majority of them the Presidency of Defense of activities and develop established to protect the have MSc and PhD degrees Industries (SSB), with the products that use critical intellectual property rights with a solid background in cooperation of the Ministry technology, in particular. on technologies developed basic sciences, engineering of Trade, TÜBİTAK, ASO and Cooperation with the main especially by subsystem and design. One of the SaSaD. contractors and institutions companies.” major problems of our within the sector needs to companies is that they Speaking at the opening be achieved in order to use Underlining the importance do not encounter any ceremony of the event, the R&D project outputs, of having a qualified problems in attaining a TSSK Chairman of the Board with a technology readiness workforce, ÖKTEM added qualified workforce, but Zeynep ÖKTEM said that level of 5-6, as domestic comments on another they do have difficulty the objective of this event and national products on issue that the cluster pays in retaining them for a is to bring together the the platforms, by increasing special attention to “When long time. Unfortunately, procurement authorities, their technology readiness we look at the workforce of our SME level companies main contractors and levels. While establishing cluster members to cooperation, we wish that cultivate cooperation. it will be in the form of Pointing out the importance strategic partnerships that Defence Turkey Defence ©

of collaboration within protect our relatively small © this context, ÖKTEM said, companies developing “Last year, we aimed to products with indigenous increase awareness about designs, ensure their our cluster and improve sustainability, enable them our collaborations by to become intensified conducting talks and in technology, without visits. When we look at hindering the competition, the domain expertise of and realize long-term and the companies within our order-guarantee supply Zeynep ÖKTEM - TSSK Chairman of the Board cluster, the number of

68 could not offer our young performing R&D activities in colleagues the opportunity order to develop national for a sustainable and and innovative products Defence Turkey Defence promising career. As a for the country's defense is © © result, there are transitions among the main objectives from big companies to of ODTÜ Teknokent. He small companies in the noted “As you know in sector, in some cases such 2006, the Defense Industry employees quit working Research and Technology in the sector and even Development Subzone prefer to go abroad. In was established at ODTÜ this context, incentives Teknokent, as a result of and policies should be the need arising from established that keep the the acceleration of R&D trained workforce within the studies in the field of the sector, especially making defense industry and due the SMEs in our cluster a to the increasing number Prof. Mustafa Verşan KÖK- METU Rector center of attraction. Another of collaborations. As a point is that the relevant consequence, R&D divisions Referring to the activities President of work shares of the projects of main contractors such carried out within ODTÜ the Presidential carried out should be as Aselsan, Havelsan Teknokent, KÖK also stated assigned to our companies and Turkish Aerospace that they contributed to Human as sub-projects, rather than were located at ODTÜ the defense sector and Resources Office contracting them with the Teknokent. The Teknokent accomplished significant Salim ATAY: “We SMEs on a man/hour or Defense Industry Cluster collaborations through are preparing the man/day basis.” began its activities with the research centers and human resources the participation of ODTÜ Technology Transfer Office inventory of METU Rector Teknokent companies (TTO) within Middle East Prof. Mustafa as of 2010 and continues Technical University. KÖK: the Republic of Versan KÖK: its activities today with “METU faculty members Turkey” the participation of not and undergraduates, “Joint R&D President of the Presidential only ODTÜ Teknokent particularly from electrical activities Human Resources Office companies but also defense and electronics, computer, executed with Assoc. Prof. Salim ATAY industry companies aerospace, metallurgy and highlighted the issue of more than 50 operating in other techno- mechanical engineering how university graduates Defense Industry cities. Approximately departments, execute are utilized by the private one third of over 400 defense industry projects Companies in sector. He provided technology companies in 29 research centers that 2019” information about the currently performing are currently conducting activities performed METU Rector Prof. Mustafa within ODTÜ Teknokent research. In 2019, joint R&D in this regard. “We, as Versan KÖK stated in his are companies operating activities were carried out the Presidential Human speech that creating the in the field of defense and with more than 50 defense Resources Office, provide necessary environment for security.” industry companies in data to policy makers defense industry companies projects supported by and decision makers of state funds or through our country having 32 our own resources. Within million employees and this framework, our give support to decision- independent R&D project

Defence Turkey Defence making processes ©

© for the development of based on accurate Very Light Aircraft, which data. For this purpose, we carried out with Turkish in order to respond the Aerospace, was also question that has been entitled for the University- discussed for years Sector Cooperation Award about which university within the scope of the is more successful, we Outstanding Achievement conducted a study on Awards given to our how university graduates university in 2019.” Salim ATAY - President of the Presidential Human are utilized on the basis of Resources Office

69 department, faculty and university by mapping the graduate data we obtained from the Council of Higher Education and the employment data obtained from the Social Security Institution. We have put this study into use, and we informed our rectors about the results Defence Turkey Defence of the study regarding © © their universities. Now everybody knows involved the universities Resources Office, we This is a problem the U.S. where their graduates and asked academicians defined our policy to try to solved in the 1930s and are working, what they and administrative staff not prevent these people 1950s. We did not have are doing, how much working at universities to from leaving, but to raise career centers before, but money they earn, who share their opinions with awareness that this is the now we perform all our is unemployed and how us about the university best country to return to activities through them. long it took for them to administration. We also eventually, if our people find a job. More critically, shared the results with our choose to go to another President of we have also conducted university rectors.” country. In this regard, we the Presidential a study according to first started the “Talent Human OECD norms, for the ATAY also shared is Everywhere” events Resources determination of whether information about in which 130 universities or not they are employed their studies on talent Office, Salim participated, under the ATAY: “92% of for the job suitable for migration, called Talent coordination of 10 different their skillsets (under or Mobility. “As for Talent universities from defense industry overqualified). We did this Mobility, it is clear that to Edirne. Last year 70,000 employees and we will continue to do a talented person goes students attended, and are engineers, it regularly every year.” wherever there is an 300,000 students will the average opportunity; you cannot attend this year. This is Providing information salary of newly block them, you cannot our plan and we started about the survey they recruited build barriers, you applying it regularly. In conducted for university cannot build custom order to achieve this, engineers is TL graduates working in the walls. A talented person we established Career 5,700 and with public sector, ATAY said, is the one who sees the Centers in 181 universities. a grade point “This study was about how opportunity better than Unfortunately, there the markets valued the average of 3.11.” anyone, so they prefer were no career centers university; we also carried global opportunities. previously, except for just Stating that they are out a study called KAMU- At that moment, as the a few universities in Turkey. preparing the human VERİ (public-data) on how Presidential Human the employees valued the public sector. 862,000 employees working in the public sector participated in this study. It was a questionnaire consisting of 89 to 130 questions. We are now able to measure the productivity of all our institutions based on employee feedback. We analyzed this data and shared the outcome with all our institutions. Of course, when we were conducting this KAMU- Defence Turkey Defence © VERİ study, we also ©

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resources inventory of educated people prefer the Republic of Turkey, the defense industry, and ATAY added, “The human their recruitment process Defence Turkey Defence resources inventory study, takes 5.4 months and the © © which maps data such as average salary of newly primary, secondary, high employed engineers is TL school, higher education, 5,696. Consequently, the health, and security over defense industry is the 86 million individual data, leading industry in Turkey, is being carried out. Soon, and Middle East Technical we will release this study University is the driving to all relevant institutions force of this locomotive. and organizations within According to the public the context of macro data survey, which we have data so that they will be not shared with the public able to carry out their own before, we observed that Prof. İsmail DEMİR- President of Defense Industries human resources planning the employees having with this information. This the highest level of readiness level and our fully independent data will give us clues in satisfaction and sense competency level. defense industry targets, many areas such as how of belonging are those We need to carefully while developing defense many people we have in working in the defense examine the pyramid industry products with which city and village, in industry.” structure where all kinds national technologies and which areas we have a of preparation and domestic opportunities skill shortage, and we will President infrastructure starting during the period of 2019- exert our best efforts to of Defense from human resources 2023, foreign dependency make policies in parallel Industries Prof. are accomplished and at the system, subsystem with these specific data. İsmail DEMİR: the supported sectors and component level I would also like to share “Sustainability and technologies are should be minimized. several data with you. would be thoroughly assessed, It should be noted that 28% of employees in the and we need to make the investments and defense industry in Turkey unachievable sure that there is no gap support to R&D still are from METU, 11% from in a structure in within this structure. need to be increased, in Bilkent University, 9% from which merely If we want to progress relation to the resources Hacettepe University and the Defense favorably with benefiting allocated to R&D by our 9% from ITU. The number Industry is us in the coming years, I major companies, as per of people starting to work constantly would like to emphasize the analysis made in the in the defense industry that an extensive and overall country and in has increased 4 times ahead, and dedicated study should comparative analysis. in the last 5 years, 74% other industries be performed without While it is necessary to of which are male and remain behind.” missing the technologies increase this resource, unfortunately 26% are of the future, while it is also essential to female. 92% of defense Underlining that the exerting efforts to achieve discuss how efficiently industry employees defense industry attracts what others have achieved the resource is used by are engineers; 30% of great attention as a driving years ago.” looking at the outputs them are electrical and force in Turkey in which and analyzing the data. electronic engineers, 24% significant industrial and Emphasizing the First of all, we have to are mechanical engineers technological activities importance of transferring agree on the R&D and and 15% are computer are performed, President experiences accumulated NPD (New Product engineers. 75% of our of Defense Industries in the defense sector to Development) definitions, graduates are from state Prof. İsmail DEMİR said, the civil sector in order and then compare the to meet the needs of universities, while 25% “I’d like to say once again concrete data such as the Armed Forces and from private universities. that sustainability would the number of patents security forces with Here, we understand that be unachievable in a obtained, the number maximum national and the private university structure in which merely of products developed local opportunities and project implemented in the Defense Industry is and the export figures to create a sustainable Turkey is fruitful. Their constantly ahead and against the allocated defense industry grade point average is 3.11, other industries remain resources. Regarding ecosystem, DEMİR which means that the best behind. It is a matter of exports, I believe that the ecosystem, technology said, “In order to reach

72 comparison on kg basis is stands in the exhibition complementary and value prospective investments no longer reasonable. We area and B2B meetings adding vertical expertise in properly, opening them up will not be able to measure were held as well. developing new products to international markets things on kg basis one day; and services for the fields and increasing exports. therefore, we can include Teknokent of defense, aviation, To this end, TSSK Project criteria such as the export Defense homeland security and Market was organized figure per employee.” cybersecurity. under the main theme Industry of “Sectoral Cooperation After the opening Cluster The purpose of the Project and Qualified Workforce” speeches given by TSSK Market event, organized in 2020. The event has Chairman of the Board (TSSK) for the seventh time this been held since 2010 to Zeynep ÖKTEM, METU year by METU, ODTÜ create an environment ODTÜ TEKNOKENT Rector Prof. Mustafa TEKNOKENT and TSSK is that will facilitate hosts a total of over Versan KÖK, President of to develop the relationship technology development 400 companies actively the Presidential Human and communication and R&D oriented defense involved in R&D, more Resources Office Salim between large, medium industry companies than 130 of which are ATAY and President and small-scale located in METU and defense industry oriented, of Defense Industries companies in the defense other Technocities in as well as many research Prof. İsmail DEMİR, the industry sector and to the region or those centers and laboratories “Sectoral Cooperation” contribute to them in incorporating R&D Centers located in METU. As of and “Qualified Workforce” undertaking more projects within their bodies, to 2010, these defense- panels were held during together, increasing establish faster and more oriented companies the afternoon session. domestic products, active communication, were assembled as the During the Summit, solutions and services, stimulating an exchange Teknokent Defense participant companies utilizing the existing ideas and information, Industry Cluster (TSSK). also displayed their industrial resources furthering their business These companies possess products all day at the effectively, planning the development potential FNSS Ramp-up Serial Production of KAPLAN ATV

The Presidency of Defense a total of 260 vehicles, 184 Integration model initially

Industries recently of which are tracked and started 11 years ago. At that by Cem Akalın provided information 76 of which are wheeled, time, the Undersecretariat about the delivery of the as well as 64 KORNET-E for Defense Industries Systems developed by serially produced KAPLAN Weapon Turrets and 196 (SSM) (now SSB) had Roketsan. The breakdown ATVs for the Land Forces OMTAS Weapon Turrets. issued an RFP (Request of the vehicles had been Command within the All tracked & wheeled for Proposal) on March 7, determined as 350 scope of Anti-Tank Vehicle platforms and turret 2008 for the procurement TOW, 344 Milan, 229 program via their official systems are expected of 1,075 tactical wheeled 40mm Automatic Bomb twitter account on 23 to be included in the armored vehicles and Launchers and 152 OMTAS March 2020. According inventory of the Turkish an Integrated Logistics Carriers. On December 15, to the shared information, Armed Forces by 2022 Support System to meet 2008, BMC, FNSS, HEMA Six KAPLAN Anti-Tank the needs of carrier Industry, Nurol Makina Vehicles were delivered We will briefly glance at the vehicles for TOW, Milan and Otokar submitted to the . history of the project such and 40mm Automatic their bids and soon as the number vehicles Bomb Launchers that were afterwards the number of Following the contract procured and the far- available in the inventory vehicles was reduced to signature, the project kick- reaching test campaign of the Turkish Land Forces 846 vehicles that excluded off meeting was held on that commenced from Command, and for the 229 40mm Automatic October 14, in accordance the outset of the program KORNET-E ordered by Bomb Launcher Vehicles with the decision of schedule. SSM under the OMTAS and then reduced to the Defense Industry Direct Procurement 260 vehicles as per the The ATV Project tender Executive Committee Project, and for the request of the Land Forces that adopted the (DIEC/SSIK) dated March Medium Range Antitank Command. local Production and 9, 2016, FNSS will develop Weapon (OMTAS) Missile

74 ©©FNSS

Within the scope of the which are tracked and Land Forces in the 15th EMI/EMC test campaign STA Project, on June 21, 76 of which are wheeled, month of the project of KAPLAN Anti-Tank 2013, an RFP was issued as well as 64 KORNET-E and qualification tests Tracked Vehicle was to FNSS and Otokar for a Weapon Turrets and 196 started on December 3, carried out between 6-28 total of 260 vehicles (184 OMTAS Weapon Turrets. 2018. Within the scope May, PARS test campaign tracked & 76 wheeled), The detailed design of the of the test campaign was successfully FNSS Savunma Sistemleri vehicles was approved the following tests were accomplished between A.Ş. had become the by SSB and the Turkish carried out; 13 June- 5 July 2019. successful bidder and the signing ceremony was held on June 27, 2016 at the Undersecretariat for Defense Industries with the participation of FNSS, SSM (SSB) and MoND officials. The project kick-off meeting was held on October 14, 2016 in accordance with the decision of the Defense Industry Executive Committee (DIEC/SSIK) dated March 9, 2016, FNSS © FNSS will develop a total © of 260 vehicles, 184 of KAPLAN ATV Firing Test

75 The Comprehensive between January 2019 OMTAS antitank missile The video of the firing test Mobility and Durability and November 2019. developed by Roketsan with the OMTAS missile test campaign was carried onto the KAPLAN ATV integrated onto PARS and both with the KAPLAN The Mine Ballistic and Anti-Tank Vehicle was KAPLAN vehicles (from a ATV and PART ATV as Protection Test Campaign verified by the firing moving vehicle towards well. Within the scope was completed for the test performed with a stationary target) was of planned-schedule KAPLAN ATV in September the participation of the made public on November program, KAPLAN ATV 2019 and for the PARS 4x4 teams of the Presidency 25th on the SSB’s official accomplished these ATV in March 2019. Defense Industries twitter account. In the tests in December, 2018 (SSB) and Land Forces video the OMTAS missile is The Amphibious between September,2019 Command in Karapınar, shown successfully hitting capability test campaign as for PARS 4x4 ATV these Konya on February 13, the target. was accomplished for tests were accomplished 2019. During the test on the KAPLAN ATV in between January 2019 6 April 2019 performed The test firing campaign September 2019. The and December 2019. with the OMTAS missile of the KAPLAN ATV was PARS 4x4 ATV completed Within the frame of launched from the successfully accomplished this test campaign qualification tests, the Remote-Controlled Anti- in December 2019. The between January 2019 KAPLAN ATV successfully Tank Turret integrated delivery phase is expected and September 2019. completed the 10,000 onto the KAPLAN ATV, to start in the upcoming period for the PARS 4x4 km durability driving test Within the scope of the firing test towards ATV after test firing and including performance the ATV Project, the a moving target from a qualifications have been tests on snowy terrain integration test of the stationary vehicle was and the KORNET Turret successfully performed. completed qualifications as well as the PARS 4x4 ATV also successfully passed the 20,000 km durability driving test.

The Environmental Condition test campaign was carried out for the KAPLAN Anti-Tank Vehicle between December 2018

and November 2019 and FNSS © the PARS 4x4 ATV test © campaign was completed KAPLAN ATV Amphibious Test

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T70 Getting Ready for its Maiden Flight! by İbrahim SÜNNETCİ Within the scope of the The T70 TLF-1 was rolled Aselsan over a prototype project, a total of 109 Turkish out with a ceremony provided by Sikorsky T70 helicopters, with two Program (TUHP) worth held at TUSAS facilities and added that a series different configurations nearly US$ 3.5 billion, on November 25, 2019. of qualification and based on the S-70i™ IBH the ground tests of In his statement made certification activities as model, will be delivered the first of the 109 T70 to Anadolu Agency well as test flights would within a 10-year period Helicopters (TLF-1/Turkish regarding the latest be realized in 2020. to a total of six end-users Land Forces version) status of the TUHP on (Turkish General Staff to be serial-produced November 28, 2019, The deliveries are [OzKK, 11], Land Forces by Turkish Aerospace TUSAS Executive Vice planned to be started Command [KKK, 22], Air (TUSAS) as the main President of Helicopter by 2021 (the OGM Forces Command [HvKK, contractor, are being Department, Kemal configuration) under 6], Gendarmerie General successfully conducted. YILLIKÇI emphasized the TUHP, the contract Command [JGnK, 30], The exhaustive flight that Aselsan would of which was signed on General Directorate of testing for qualification manufacture the most February 21, 2014 and Security [EGM, 20 ] and and certification is advanced avionics became effective on General Directorate of expected to be started systems for the June 15, 2016 with the Forestry [OGM, 20]). next month. helicopters and said, advance payment made “They cannot be jammed to Sikorsky and TUSAS by The existing Flight The Presidency of or interfered in any way the SSB, after Sikorsky Management System Defense Industries because the hardware obtained the necessary (FMS) on the Sikorsky (SSB) shared the latest and software were government licenses. S-70i™ IBH Basic status of the T70 Utility developed by us. Our When the indigenously Helicopter will be Helicopter on its official helicopter will operate developed Aselsan replaced by unique Twitter account on very safely and securely.” Integrated Modular Aselsan IMAS, fully March 25, 2020 with the YILLIKÇI also explained Avionics System (IMAS) developed by Aselsan following statement: “The that the first serial is integrated into the engineers with the ground tests of the T70 production helicopter S-70i™ International contributions of Sikorsky Helicopter manufactured (TLF-1) was rolled out BlackHawk (IBH), the and TUSAS test pilots and within the scope of the and integration and final configuration of combat pilots of the TAF Utility Helicopter Program development activities the helicopter is called (Turkish Armed Forces). are being successfully for avionic systems were the T70 Helicopter. Through IMAS, Mission conducted.” being carried out by Within the scope of the Computers and Color

78 Multifunction Display (CMFD) are combined Sikorsky Sikorsky © on single equipment, © and Navigation, Communication, Mission and Flight Management are performed at a single center. The IMAS avionics suite aims to minimize the workload of the pilot, and thanks to the smart point-and-click displays and ergonomically improved new Pilot Platform Interface, a series of navigational based improvements were also made in line The S-70i™ IBH Basic Helicopter manufactured at PZL Mielec facilities in Poland was with the requirements handed over to Sikorsky in June 2016 and brought to Aselsan facilities in February 2017 of the Turkish end-users. These improvements Assurance Board (QAB). and the testing and processes of the IMAS include an Integrated verification process are avionics suite developed Terrain Awareness Under the TUHP, the still going on. In Aselsan’s by Aselsan, was and Warning System, development, production 2019 Annual Report, it is dispatched from Poland Integrated Digital Map and integration activities stated that the platform to Turkey on February and connected flight of mission, navigation, flight tests are planned 25, 2017. The S-70i™ control functions for communication to be initiated in the first IBH Basic Helicopter guided approach to the (including IFF Mod half of 2020. that took off from the landing area. According 5/C Responder) and PZL Mielec facilities in to the contract signed electronic warfare Within the scope of the southern Poland landed with Sikorsky, IMAS will systems are carried TUHP, the S-70™ IBH at the Aselsan facilities not only be used on the out by Aselsan under Basic Helicopter (with in Akyurt, Ankara after 109 T70 helicopters that the subcontracting the registration no of a 9-hour flight. During Turkey plans to procure, agreements executed SP-YVB) to be utilized the 930nm route, the but also on at least 164 by TUSAS and Sikorsky. as the Engineering helicopter passed helicopters to be sold Software and hardware Development Test through Slovakia, to third countries by development activities Platform (Test Bed) during Hungary, and Sikorsky. under the project were the integration, flight Bulgaria and refueled completed in 2018, test and qualification twice on the ground. Following the completion of the development activities and laboratory tests of the devices covered by IMAS, it was planned to assemble such devices on an S-70i Helicopter to be brought to Aselsan by Sikorsky and to conduct flight tests with the participation of Aselsan engineers by Sikorsky pilots. As per the project, the development activities will be completed with the Approval of Airworthiness by the Sikorsky Quality The footage of T-70 TLF-1 IMAS

79 AA © © Defence Turkey Turkey Defence © © Anatolian Agency Anatolian © © The T70 TLF-1 is fitted with Aselsan’s IMAS avionics suit A cockpit view of TGGC’s S-70i™ utility helicopter

The TLF-1 ground test the deliveries. Moreover, competitive DLM activities ceremony held on May 13, image was shared by the the Integrated Logistics throughout a very large 2019. Under the Program SSB on March 25, 2020 Support (ILS) activities geography in addition to TEI will manufacture a via an official twitter of the Program will be Turkey. TEI completed the total of 248 T700-TEI- account. In this image carried out by TUSAS. manufacturing and final 701D Turboshaft Engines we noticed that the color assembly activities of four (218 T70 platform engines multifunction display in Within the scope of T000-TEI-701D turboshaft and 30 spare engines). the helicopter’s avionic the Program, TEI, the suite differs from the Within the scope of the model in the standard “Dynamic Components S-70i™ IBH in terms of the Project” under the TUHP interior cockpit layout and program, Alp Aviation will the control buttons on produce the Main Rotor them. In the new cockpit Heads, Main Gearboxes/ is structurally modified, Transmission, and the two SMFD-810s and two Intermediate and Tail VMFD-810s are available, Rotor Gearboxes. Alp which are part of the IMAS Aviation will also provide avionics suite. According 104 chipsets for the to the information we dynamic components as Defence Turkey Turkey Defence © part of the project.

obtained, the Aselsan © logo has not been placed The T70 Turkish Utility Helicopter is powered by a pair of Alp Aviation made the first to ensure compliance 2.000shp class T700-TEI-701D turboshaft engines delivery of T70 dynamic with the S-70i™ IBH and components and landing for the reason that it will gear at a ceremony held be used by helicopters Engine Subcontractor, engines with a capacity on January 15, 2020 to be exported to third will be responsible for of 2,000 shp under TUHP countries by Sikorsky. the production of 60 and delivered them at a different components The main contractor corresponding to roughly TUSAS, under the 58% of the T700 engine, Program, performs the engine assembly, final

assembly of gearboxes testing, qualification Turkey Defence © of T70 Helicopters, and configuration © production of all main management. Hot spot components such as parts such as the engine's cabin, cockpit, tail cone, combustion chamber horizontal and vertical are manufactured by tail, main and tail rotor TEI. TEI also gets the blades, design and opportunity to perform integration activities Depot Level Maintenance for modifications, final (DLM) of T700 engines in assembly, testing and the inventory of the TAF flight activities of the with the local production helicopters as well as parts and will carry out

80 Nurol Makina Exports Ejder TOMA Riot Control Vehicles to Chile The indigenously designed and produced by Nurol Makina, Ejder Riot Control Vehicle (Toplumsal Olaylara Müdahale Aracı/TOMA in Turkish) has been exported to Chile. Nurol Makina, one of the Santiago Chile, by air maintain public order -15°/+60° vertical and leading domestic land and the vehicles will go and security in rural and 360° horizontal water vehicle manufacturers through cleaning and urban areas as well as spraying capability. of the Turkish defense disinfection activities border regions. Thanks industry, achieved a carried out against to its high off-road The Ejder TOMA can draw new export success with the Novel Coronavirus performance, mobility, water automatically from Ejder TOMA (Riot Control (COVID-19) outbreak in and protection levels, lakes and wells and has Vehicle in Turkish), which Santiago. Ejder TOMA riot control a maximum speed of 110 features a uniquely vehicles are preferred km/h, a driving range designed military chassis. The Ejder TOMA by countries in many of 750 kilometers, and Chilean authorities signed 4x4 Armored different geographies. a storage capacity of an agreement with Nurol Riot Control 5,000 liters. The remote- Makina to buy 12 Ejder Vehicle All the tools, equipment, controlled water cannon TOMA riot control vehicles hardware electronics, system can use a variety for its security forces. Based on an indigenous and software used in the of substances, including With this export Chile has military chassis, the Ejder TOMA 4x4, were tear gas, paint and become the newest user Ejder TOMA riot control developed originally by foam. Additionally, the of the Ejder TOMA, which vehicle was designed Nurol Makina. Thus, any vehicles are equipped has also been selected by and developed by configuration change or with an automatic self- four countries, including Nurol Makina in Turkey additional requirement cleaning system to Kuwait and Senegal. in 2002 to ensure that can be implemented prevent corrosion and The sale to Chile is also security forces respond at minimum cost & clogging. Based on a the first armored vehicle quickly and effectively to time even to vehicles military vehicle chassis, exported by the Turkish incidents of civil unrest that are in service. The the Ejder TOMA can also defense industry to South and rioting. Featuring a indigenously designed be built by converting America. 4-wheel drive (4WD) fully computer-controlled a commercial vehicle independent suspension water cannon system chassis. Ejder TOMA vehicles were system, the Ejder TOMA has a maximum range of recently transported to was developed to 60 meters and provides

81 Type 214TN REIS Class & Submarine Capabilities in the Eastern Mediterranean by İbrahim SÜNNETCİ Unlike the surface years, has a quieter hull further enhance the modernization process. combatants that design, reduced flow noise operational activities Under the MLU program, can move and as well as a lower acoustic, and capabilities of the the submarines are thermal and magnetic Turkish Naval Forces equipped with the perform evasive signature compared to the in the surrounding HENSOLDT products; maneuvers only in diesel/electric propelled seas, especially in the new Navigation and two dimensions, diesel/electric powered AY Aegean and the Eastern Attack periscopes, locally the submarine (Type 209/1200), PREVEZE Mediterranean. produced sonar, ESM and (Type 209/1400) and GÜR MÜREN CMS systems, is a strategically The Submarine Group important naval Class (Type 209/1400- and AKYA National Mod) Submarines in the Command, which Heavyweight Torpedoes), platform that can inventory of the Turkish commands the strategic, 4 GÜR Class submarines, operate and carry Naval Forces Submarine silent, and hidden and 4 REİS Class out independent Group Command. weapons of the Turkish submarines (Two more operations in a Moreover, thanks to Naval Forces, continues its Type 214TN submarines their PEM Fuel Cell activities in line with the will be under construction three-dimensional mission of protecting the environment (2x120kw) based an Air and expected to undergo Independent Propulsion maritime relevance and Sea Acceptance Tests/ without any external (AIP) System and high interests of our country SAT). support even in capacity batteries in the Blue Homeland enemy-controlled (2x324 units), they can exercise which covers In recent years, the waters with its conduct long-endurance 462,000 km2. By 2025, ongoing drilling activities operations (from 4 days the Submarine Group in the East Mediterranean silent, hidden, and Command is envisaged have pit Turkey against surprising features. to 3 weeks) without the need for snorkeling. to have 2 AY Class Greece, Israel, and Egypt. submarines, 4 PREVEZE Having sovereignty rights The Hybrid powered With its superior features Class submarines (Two both in the Aegean and in Type 214TN REİS Class such as the ability to of them have been the Eastern Mediterranean Submarines, which cross the Mediterranean modernized as part of region, Turkey has constitute one of the underwater without the Mid-Life Upgrade repeatedly declared that significant turning points snorkeling and sailing to program, and the it will not allow a fait in the Turkish submarine the USA without refueling, other two are in the accompli in these regions. history which spans 134 REİS Class Submarines

82 The tension between Turkey and these three countries has increased even more with the signing of an agreement between Turkey and Libya, aiming to create an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) in the region from the southern Mediterranean shores of Turkey to the northeast coast of Libya. With this agreement, our country also disrupted the plans of Southern Cyprus, Greece, Israel, and Egypt to lay claim to the reserves in the eastern part of the Mediterranean Mediterranean with the and 4 Type 209/1400- construction activities Sea and also blocked the support of the technical Mod diesel/electric of the third Dolphin-II pipeline project, which and technological propelled submarines, Class Submarine INS will extend from Israel to possibilities and two of which have been Dragon (formerly INS Southern Cyprus waters, capabilities of the Israel delivered (S41/861 and Dakar) continue in HDW from the island of Crete to Defense Industry and S42/862), one in the Sea Shipyard in Germany, and Mainland Greece and from considered as a serious Acceptance Test (SAT) the submarine is expected there to the European competitor to the Turkish phase (S43/863) and to be launched in 2020. natural gas network Naval Forces Submarine one under construction The Romeo Class via Italy. Greece, Israel, Group Command. (S44/864). Delivery of Submarines, with a surface and Egypt, which are Type 209/1400-Mod Class In addition to 3 Type displacement of 1,330 currently in conflict with Submarines is planned to 209/1100 and 3 Type be completed by the end tons and a submerged Turkey in the Aegean and 209/1200 Class diesel/ displacement of 1,712 Eastern Mediterranean of 2021. As of January 2020, electric propelled tons, entered the Egyptian regarding research and Israel Navy Submarine submarines, the Greek Navy service in 1982-1984. sharing of natural gas Flotilla Shayetet 7 Navy operates 1 Type Under the US$133 million resources, are among the operates 3 diesel/electric 209/1200 AIP and 4 Type agreement signed on June prominent countries with propelled Dolphin-I 214HN AIP Submarines. 25, 1996, the submarines strong naval presence Class Submarines and The Egyptian Navy has were modernized at and submarine force 2 Dolphin-II Class (also 4 modernized Romeo Ras El Tin Naval Base in the region. Another known as Dolphin Class (Chinese Type in Alexandria, Egypt, submarine power in the AIP or Super Dolphin) 033 Class, 831, 842, 852 by the main contractor region is Algeria, which Submarines. The and 858) submarines Lockheed Martin Tactical has 4 Improved Kilo Class (Project 636) and 2 Kilo Class (Project 877EKM) submarines supplied from the Russian Federation.

Although Israel and Egypt are not at the level and capacity to compete with the Turkish Navy in terms of submarine strength and effectiveness, the Israeli Navy Submarine Flotilla Shayetet 7 (7th Flotilla), albeit it has a small number of submarines, is one of the most effective and qualified submarine forces in the Eastern Greek Navy Type 214 Submarine on Dynamic Manta 2020 Exercise

83 ) and DM2A4 Mod 4 Heavyweight Torpedoes (SUT Mod 264 in some sources). Egypt ordered 20 Harpoon Block 2 Guided Missiles through the Foreign Military Sales (FMS) channel in May 2016 for use in submarines.

Currently operating in two different seas, the Mediterranean and Aqaba Gulf (Red Sea), the Israeli Navy has naval bases in Haifa and Ashdod for the Mediterranean and Egyptian 209/1400 Mod Type Submarine Eilat for the Red Sea and has reshaped its Defense Systems. As part conducted in December and weapon loadout. organizational structure of the modernization 2019, one of the Romeo in recent years for the The Egyptian Navy signed activities completed Class Submarines (849) safety of natural gas a €920 million contract for in the early 2000s, the launched a Harpoon wells and reserves in the two Type 209/1400-Mod Romeo Class Submarines Missile from underwater, Eastern Mediterranean Submarines in November were equipped with and the Egyptian Ministry off the coast of Israel. 2011 and, in 2015, placed Kollmorgen product of Defense shared the The Headquarters of the a firm order for two Model 86 Optronic Mast pictures on social media. Shayetet 7, the Israeli additional submarines (Surveillance) and Model Even though the Romeo Navy Submarine Flotilla included as options in 76 Attack Periscope, a new Class Submarines are is located in Haifa, and the first contract. The first generation of active and upgraded with modern it consists entirely of submarine S41 (861) was passive sonar systems sensors and Sub- volunteers. Established delivered in December (Loral and STN Atlas Harpoon capability in 1959, Shayetet 7 (7th 2016, and the second product), a modern fire with the modernization Flotilla) is the leading submarine S42 (862) was control system, a new program, I consider that striking force of the delivered in August 2017. type of navigation and in terms of operational Israeli Navy today. Under The construction of the communication systems performance, the Romeo the agreement signed third submarine S43 (863) and Condor System AR- Class Submarines in June 1991, Shayetet was completed, and it was 700-S5 ESM (Electronic cannot even compete 7 received Dolphin-I launched on May 3, 2019. Support Measures) with the modernized Class Submarines INS According to the open System. Featuring UGM- AY Class Submarines in Dolphin on July 27, sources, Type 209/1400- 84 Submarine-launched the TNFC inventory. The 1999, INS Leviathan on Mod Submarines are Harpoon Guided Missiles Type 209/1400-Mod June 29, 1999, and INS fitted with a Combat (Encapsulated Harpoon) Submarines, the most Tekuma on October 22, Management System and NT-37F Heavyweight modern submarines in the 2000. Diesel/electric (CMS) based on ISUS-90 Torpedoes, Romeo Class Egyptian Navy inventory, propelled Dolphin-I and carry a weapon load Submarines usually carry are the same platforms as Class Submarines have consisting of UGM-84L 4 Harpoon Missiles and the GÜR Class in the TNFC a length of 57.3m, a Block 2 Sub-Harpoon 10 torpedoes. During service and are similar in height of 12.7m, a beam missiles (Encapsulated the naval exercise terms of sensor equipment of 6.8m, and a draught

Super Dolphin CIC Dolphin I

84 Israeli Navy Super Dolphin Submarines of 6.2m with a surface refurbishment work. As two Dolphin-II (also known tons. Equipped with displacement of 1,640 part of the modernization as Dolphin AIP or Super ISUS-90/55 CMS, each tons and a submerged work carried out at the Dolphin) Class submarines Dolphin-II Submarine displacement of 1,900 military shipyard in was signed in 2005 can complement a tons. Dolphin-I (Type 800) Haifa under the Main between Germany and crew of 50 (35 sailors Class Submarines features Contractor TKMS/HDW, Israel. The official contract + 15 Shayetet 13 Naval a multi-compartment all the valves, pipes, for the construction of Special Force personnel) teardrop hull form and “X” radar/periscope systems the third Dolphin-II Class and can be armed with shaped control surfaces and the main diesel submarine, which was up to 21 heavyweight (rudder) instead of “+” engine of the Dolphin-I included as an option in torpedoes (DM2A4) and shape. The submarines Class Submarines were the main contract was Guided Missiles. Both have a total of 10 removed and refurbished, signed between Israel Dolphin-I and Dolphin- tubes (six 533mm and four Rafael product Torbuster and Germany in March II Submarines feature 650mm) and are equipped Torpedo Countermeasure 2012 with the participation three MTU product diesel with ISUS-90/1 Combat System Launchers (10-cell) of the Israeli Minister of engines, Kollmorgen Management System and decoys were installed, Defence Ehud BARAK. product Model 76 attack (CMS). Dolphin Class and the submarines were The submarines are periscope and Model Submarines can be armed equipped with Rafael built at Howaldtswerke- 90 Optronic Periscope with 16 heavyweight product SeaCom IP- Deutsche Werft (HDW) System specially torpedoes, including based secure audio/ Shipyard, which is part of designed according to their spares (6 spares and data/video and SatCom the ThyssenKrupp Marine Shayetet 7 requirements 10 in tubes) and different communication system. Systems (TKMS). Within for surveillance. The Elbit types of Guided Missiles Following the US$26.4 the scope of the contract, product ESM System that can be fired against million modernization INS Tannin was delivered antenna is also placed surface targets and can activities, INS Dolphin in September 2014, INS on the M90 periscope. carry 10 Special Forces Submarine was Rahav was delivered in It is stated that up to (Shayetet 13/Flotilla 13) relaunched in December January 2017, while INS one-third (€135 million/ personnel in addition 2011. Type 800/Dolphin-I Dragon Submarine, which US$168 million) of the total to 35 sailors. Dolphin-I Submarines constitute the is still under construction, construction cost of the Class Submarines 1st Submarine flotilla of is planned to be launched submarines (around €500 designed exclusively the Shayetet 7. According in 2020. Dolphin-II Class million/US$650 million according to the Israeli to open sources, one of Submarines, which are each) was subsidized by Navy requirements and the submarines operates equipped with a hybrid the German Government. used only by Shayetet in the Red Sea and the propulsion system due An additional 3 Dolphin- 7. The unit cost of each Persian Gulf, and the to the integration of III Submarines will be submarine is US$340 other in the Mediterranean the Air Independent procured for Shayetet million, and the total while the third submarine Propulsion (AIP) System, 7, which plans to keep project cost is US$1,28 is located in Haifa (or are 11.3m longer than the Dolphin-II submarines billion. Under the US$100 Ashdod) to protect Israel’s three Dolphin-I Class operational until the million modernization coast. Currently, Port of submarines and have a 2050s.In this context, project launched in Haifa is the only submarine length of 68.6m, a beam a Memorandum of early 2010, Dolphin-I base of Shayetet 7. of 6.8m and a draught Understanding (MOU) Class Submarines of 6.2m with a surface worth US$1.3 billion was were undergone The US$1.27 billion displacement of 2,083 signed between Germany a comprehensive contract for the tons and a submerged and Israel in June 2017. The maintenance, repair and construction of the first displacement of 2,438 official contract for the

85 procurement of Dolphin- that each row consists of there were some It is claimed that Dolphin-I III class submarines is 7 cylinders). The Metal speculations that Dolphin- and Dolphin-II Submarines expected to be signed Hydride cylinders are II class submarines can fire submarine- in 2020, and the first used to store the liquid could be deployed in launched cruise missiles submarine is planned to hydrogen that provides Eilat. Supporting this (SLCM) from its 650mm enter Shayetet 7 service the necessary energy speculation, within the (25.5-inch) torpedo in 2030 following the for the Proton Exchange scope of the Polynom tubes. According to open T0 8-year construction Membrane (PEM, Project, Israel is currently sources, the submarines

period (T0=Contract start). also called as Polymer building high-tech can also be armed with Dolphin-III Submarines, Electrolyte Membrane) fortified hangars/shelters 1,500km range Popeye which will be equipped Fuel Cell modules used at Haifa, Ashdod and Turbo Submarine- with a hybrid propulsion in the AIP System. In Type Eilat ports to protect the Launched Cruise Missiles system, are planned 212 Class, Metal Hydride Israeli Navy surface and that can be equipped to replace the diesel/ Tanks are placed circularly underwater platforms. with a nuclear warhead, electric propelled veteran on both sides of the hull, In this context, new providing Israel with a Dolphin-I submarines. just below the LOX tanks structures such as new second-strike capability at the rear. Unlike the warehouse facilities, in case of a nuclear attack. The exterior design of Type 214 Class, which has maintenance/repair Regarding the issue, the Dolphin-II Class two Siemens product shipyards, ammunition on July 4, 2012, Kocaeli Submarines with a 7-blade BZM120 PEM Fuel Cell shelters, and support Deputy Lütfü TÜRKKAN composite modules (each generates facilities are being built asked a written question resembles the Type 212 120 kW power), Dolphin- at each port at costs to the Prime Minister of Class, while the placement II Submarines, as in Type exceeding US$100 million the time, Recep Tayyip of the AIP System is similar 212A Submarines, have 9 to support surface and ERDOĞAN.In response, to the Type 214 Class (one backup, eight active) underwater platforms. on November 5, 2012, rather than the Type 212. BZM34 PEM Fuel Cell In June 2013, the Elbit the Minister of Foreign Unlike Type 212, which modules that generate a Company announced that Affairs of the time, Ahmet has two Liquid Oxygen total of 306 kW (400 hp) it had signed a contract DAVUTOĞLU stated (LOX) tanks outside the power. under the Polynom Project that the three Dolphin-I pressure hull behind the to build a new submarine Class submarines in sail, the LOX tank/tanks (I With the introduction dock in Haifa Port for the Israel’s inventory can believe there is only one of Dolphin IIs, it is Dolphin-II Submarines. only launch Popeye and tank) in Dolphin-II Class considered that the The giant Fortification Delilah Missile Systems Submarines are located Second Submarine (Submarine Hangar) built that cannot be equipped inside the pressure hull. Flotilla was established at Haifa Port was clearly with nuclear warheads On the other hand, the within Shayetet 7, which seen in the background and emphasized that Metal Hydride Tanks will focus on the Red Sea, in a photograph taken in “despite the media reports (MHT) are placed in a the Persian Gulf, and the December 2019. on Israel has modernized special compartment Indian Ocean. Previously, the submarines brought located at the bottom of from Germany to launch the submarine body, three nuclear-armed cruise rows on the right side and missiles, there is no three rows on the left side information confirming (considering the length of that this modernization the pressure hull I believe was realized.”

©©HDW Super Dolphin Class INS Tanin seen here during sea trials executed within the scope of SAT Phase

86 Conclusion

As of January 2020, in Type 214TN terms of submarine power in the Eastern Mediterranean, Shayetet 7 (Flotilla 7) with 5 active Dolphin-I and Dolphin-II Submarines (3 diesel/electric, 2 hybrid-propelled) has fewer platforms when compared to the Turkish Naval Forces Submarine Group Command with 4 AY Class, 4 PREVEZE Class, and 4 GÜR Class diesel/electric propelled nuclear-armed cruise In the last ten years, MHS-01 Hydrophones, submarines. However, the missiles is the most various procurement ArmerKom MİLPAS hybrid (diesel/electric + significant superiority of projects that will shape (National Passive Sonar, AIP) propelled Dolphin-II the Israeli Navy Submarine the future of the Turkish AY Class), ArmerKom/ Submarines have superior Flotilla Command Naval Forces Command TÜBİTAK MÜREN CMS capabilities than the Shayetet 7 (7th Flotilla) (TNFC) and meet its (Combat Management submarines operated over the Turkish naval critical needs have been System, AY Class), by the Turkish Naval Forces Submarine Group accomplished with high TÜBİTAK MAM Submarine Forces Submarine Group Command. However, Israel domestic contribution Active Sonar System (AY Command in terms of their will only be able to use this rates under the successful Class), ZARGANA Torpedo technical features. With weapon in retaliation for coordination of the Counter Measure System the introduction of Hybrid a hostile nuclear attack. Presidency of Defence Launcher and ZOKA Decoy propelled REİS Class Moreover, it is evident that Industries (SSB). The Family as well as Radar Type 214TN Submarines the force structure of the Submarines of the Turkish Absorbing Materials from 2022 and PREVEZE Israeli Navy would not be Naval Forces Submarine (RAM). Within the scope Class Submarines, which enough if Israel engages in Group Command are of ongoing projects, would be modernized a long-term naval conflict equipped with numerous integration activities of with national capabilities, without resorting to high-tech products 6-cell ZARGANA TCMS from 2023, Turkish Naval nuclear weapons because including Aselsan ARES- Launchers (four units per Forces Submarine Group the current force structure 2SC (AY Class) and submarine) into PREVEZE Command will also achieve of the Israeli Navy is not ARES-2NS (REİS Class) and GÜR Class Submarines technical superiority capable of supporting ECM systems, ASIST are continuing (the work in terms of submarine this country’s maritime Submarine Intercept on the PREVEZE Class strength in addition to interests in the Eastern Sonar System, Meteksan TCG Anafartalar was its current numerical Mediterranean in a long- Defence Intercept completed in the first advantage. However, term naval war. Passive Sonar (IPS) and quarter of 2019 and the with the Dolphin-III Submarines (I believe that they will be equipped with AIP + Reformer + Lithium- Ion Battery) planned to be introduced from 2030, the technical/technological 77.sayfa foto değişecek...İbrahim Sana Ben ZARGANA TCMS superiority will change lançeri takılmıs TCG Anafartalar görseli atmıstım sayfa again in favor of Israel. In numarası da vermistim onu buraya koyalım... this respect, it is highly crucial to complete the National Submarine Project (MİLDEN) in the Cem DOĞUT Cem 2030s. © ©

The ability to launch PREVEZE Class TCG Anafartalar has been fitted with Aselsan ZARGANA TCMS launchers

87 submarine was spotted the first launch test of The infrastructure domestically under the on April 2, 2019, with the AKYA prototype established for REİS Submarine Propulsion the launchers installed). was successfully carried Class Submarines will System Components Additionally, under out. According to the be used in the design Development Project. the MÜREN-PREVEZE information we received, and construction of the The PEM Fuel Cell Project, the PREVEZE the last launch test with first national submarine, modules, which will be Class submarines are the AKYA prototype was MİLDEN, which will manufactured locally equipped with ADVENT- successfully performed be designed and built by the company to based MÜREN CMS, in December 2019, and with a high domestic be selected under the and under the PREVEZE the first torpedo launch contribution rate and project, are intended Mid-Life Upgrade (MLU) integrated with MÜREN- national resources. to replace the BZM120 Project, Aselsan provides CMS is expected to be Although initially thought modules currently used all wet-ends of the sonar completed at the end of to have similar dimensions in REİS Class Submarines systems to be used in the 2020 or early 2021. On and displacement as the in the following years. submarines. Furthermore, the other hand, ATMACA REİS Class, I believe that Additionally, unlike the Aselsan products SatCom, Block-II guided missile MİLDEN boats will be REİS Class, MİLDEN Class Integrated Combat (submarine-launched slightly longer and heavier is expected to use locally System, ARES-2SC Encapsulated ATMACA than planned. I think produced Lithium-Ion Radar ESM System, and version) with both active RF MİLDEN Submarines will (Li-Ion) batteries (LIB) ALPER Low Probability and IIR seekers is expected have a length of around with higher power and of Intercept (LPI) Naval to be used in both 75-80m, a beam of 7m, capacity instead of lead- Radar Systems are PREVEZE and REİS Class a draught of 6.5m, and a acid batteries. Unlike also integrated into Submarines (CMS software submerged displacement REİS Class submarines, submarines. PREVEZE modification is required). between 2,500-3,000 which are currently under Class Submarines are The development activities tons and unlike the REİS construction, and AY, expected to be equipped of the GEZGİN National Class, MİLDEN Submarines PREVEZE, and GÜR Class with AKYA National Cruise Missile are ongoing, will have at least one submarines, which have a Heavyweight Torpedoes. and it is considered to be Reformer. Preferred for single compartment cigar- During the Annual used for the first time long-range missions, shaped hull form, MİLDEN Evaluation Meeting for on MİLDEN platforms. Reformer is preferred for class submarines will have 2019 held at Bestepe However, when the missile large (over 2,000 tons) a multi-compartment National Congress and is ready, I expect it to be submarines. Both PEM teardrop hull form. I Culture Center in Ankara used in PREVEZE Class Fuel Cell modules and think that MİLDEN will on January 16, 2019, Submarines equipped with Reformers to be used in have at least six 533mm President Recep Tayyip MÜREN CMS from the mid- MİLDEN submarines to heavyweight torpedo Erdoğan informed that 2020s. be equipped with 300kW tubes and one 650mm (400hp) AIP System will be deployment station to designed and produced allow SAS/SAT underwater nationally, and the systems operations. will also be developed

Turkish PREVEZE Class Submarine took part in NATO's Dynamic Manta 2018 Exercise 88 Dolphin-I Length: 57.3m Beam: 6.8m Height: 12.7m Draught: 6.2m Displacement: 1.640 tons surfaced, 1.900 tons submerged Surface Speed: 11 knots Submerged Speed: 20 knots Complement: 30 + 10

Dolphin-II Length: 68.6m Beam: 6.8m Height: 12.7m (?) Draught: 6.2m Displacement: 2.083 tons surfaced, 2.438 tons submerged Surface Speed: 11 knots Submerged Speed: 25 knots Complement: 35 + 15

Type 214HN Length: 65.3m Beam: 6.3m Height: 13.1m Draught: 6.0m Displacement: 1.688 tons surfaced, 1.858 tons submerged Surface Speed: 10.5 knots Submerged Speed: 21 knots Complement: 27

Type 214TN Length: 68.35m Beam: 6.3m Height: 13.1m (16.5m with periscopes) Draught: 6.0m Displacement: 1.865 tons surfaced, ~2.050 tons submerged Surface Speed: 12 knot Submerged Speed: 22 knot Complement: 27 +13

Type 209 / 1200 (AY Class) Type 209 / 1400 Mod (PREVEZE and GÜR Class) Length: 61.2m Length: 62m Beam: 6.2m Beam: 6.25m Height: 12m Height: 12.5m Draught: 5.5m Draught: 5.5m Displacement: 980 tons surfaced, 1.185 tons submerged Displacement: 1.454 tons surfaced, 1.586 tons submerged Surface Speed: 11 knots Surface Speed: 15 knots Submerged Speed: 21.5 knots Submerged Speed: 21.5 knots Complement: 38 Complement: 30

89 Koç Bilgi Sistem ve Savunma Teknolojileri A.Ş Strategic Supplier of REİS Class Type 214TN Submarines by ibrahim SÜNNETÇİ Koç Bilgi Sistem ve Savunma Type 214TN Submarines, Teknolojileri A.Ş (KBS) was including: established in 2007 by Koç • Torpedo Holding to develop critical Countermeasure technologies and to provide System, national and indigenous • Sonar “Beacon” System system solutions for - “Pinger”, the Defense Industry. • PC Network System The company has been (Ship Integrated operating with a focus on Information System), naval platforms electronic • Breathing Air systems, underwater Monitoring System acoustics systems, and (BAMS) and command & control (C4ISR) • Torpedo Engagement information systems since Modelling and its establishment. KBS is one Simulation (TEMS) avoidance maneuvers which determines the of the strategic suppliers of software, can be employed most appropriate tactic REİS Class Type 214TN Air depending on the torpedo against the detected Within this framework, as Independent Propulsion type) and expendable torpedo threat and of February 20, 2020, the (AIP) Submarines currently countermeasures. The executes it automatically deliveries of the Torpedo under construction at TCMS can use expendable when required, was also Countermeasure System Gölcük Naval Shipyard torpedo countermeasure developed by KBS and was (TCMS) and Torpedo Command under the New systems consisting of successfully integrated into Engagement Modelling and Type Submarine Project both decoys as well as the ISUS-90/72 Combat Simulation (TEMS) software (NTSP). static and 5th generation Management System for the 3rd submarines, the mobile devices against (CMS). For the success The first vessel of the Breathing Air Monitoring active and passive torpedo of the TCMS, it is vital to REİS Class Type 214TN System (BAMS) for the 4th threats. In line with the create threat and tactical Submarines, the TCG Piri submarine and the Sonar “domestic contribution” databases during the Reis (S-330) was launched “Beacon” System and the vision of the Presidency mission planning phase on on December 22, 2019. PC Network System for the of Defense Industries the land and to program As of February 2020, the 5th submarine have been (SSB), KBS has developed the jammers/decoys outfitting activities of the completed. The Torpedo the Torpedo Counter- according to the mission. TCG Piri Reis Submarine Countermeasure System Measure System with a All software and hardware are continuing at drydock; (TCMS), developed for high national contribution units (Torpedo Engagement the submarine is expected Type 214TN Submarines, is a to work compatibly with Modelling and Simulation to be commissioned by passive torpedo Detection, the ISUS-90/72 Integrated - TEMS software, Tactical the Turkish Navy in 2022 Classification and Underwater Command and Development Station, following the Factory Localization (DCL) System Control System (IUCCS) Launcher Interface Test Acceptance (FAT), Harbor software that processes used in the Type 214TN Equipment and all Human Acceptance (HAT) and Sea data from the submarine’s Submarines. Additionally, Machine Interface - HMI Acceptance (SAT) Tests side-scan and towed Decision Support Software, software) used for this respectively. sonars without transmitting acoustic signals. Using Koç Bilgi Sistem ve sophisticated signal Savunma Teknolojileri A.Ş, processing techniques, which has been working in this system can detect the New Type Submarine incoming threats against Project since 2011, has the submarine and counter developed and started them with a combination to deliver five critical sub- of recommended systems for REİS Class maneuvers (different SonarBeacon-LF Transduser

90 Sonar Beacon Systems of Network System Project, provides constant gas foreign origin are used in all which was initiated at the measurement values of the submarines of the Turkish beginning of 2016. The PC air inside the submarine Navy. KBS produced the Network System provides through the sensors Sonar Beacon System with the electrical, physical, placed in 10 different 100% national capabilities and functional integration compartments and displays and eliminated external requirements of the intranet, the results via a touch screen dependency on this internet, server-client on the cabinet according to matter. Furthermore, the structures, and printer the measuring point by the Sonar Beacon System needs on the submarine. central PLC. The Breathable can compete with its Air Monitoring System has competitors in the global The Breathing Air been tested according Monitoring System (BAMS) SonarBeaconMCU market, as it does not to the environmental have any recurring costs monitors and examines the conditions applicable to purpose were developed anymore. Operating gas concentration inside the submarine platforms. by KBS and delivered to independently from the submarine compartments ThyssenKrupp Marine submarine’s electrical that can affect both the In addition to the four critical System (TKMS), the main system, the Sonar Beacon crew and machinery. The subsystems mentioned contractor of the program. System can broadcast in the Breathing Air Monitoring here, KBS develops various With its success in the 9 kHz Low-Frequency and System is an independent test equipment/devices Torpedo Countermeasure 37.5 kHz High-Frequency system and automatically within the scope of the New System, KBS attracted bands automatically or controls the gases in the Type Submarine Project and the attention of the Main manually thanks to its submarine atmosphere in delivers them to TKMS; thus, Contractor TKMS; and battery. With the low- any operation. The system the volume of cooperation thus, it started to take a frequency transmission, the is developed to monitor with TKMS is increasing more significant role in submarine can be detected the inhaled air components day by day. On the other the Project by making four from very long ranges, (hydrogen, oxygen, carbon hand, the participation more sub-systems. TKMS while the high-frequency dioxide, carbon monoxide, of KBS in Sonar Beacon also asked KBS to meet transmission allows the hydrogen sulfate, chlorine System and PC Network their infrastructure-related submarine to be detected and refrigerant gases, etc.) System Projects, which needs and included the from close range with inside the submarine and to was initially planned to company on their list of high precision. The Sonar warn the sailors when the air be foreign sourced under qualified subcontractors in Beacon System, which components have exceeded the New Type Submarine this regard. has a lifetime of over 850 the threshold value and Project, was handled within reached a dangerous level. the framework of domestic The second sub-system hours and does not need a The automatically operated procurement activities delivered by KBS under battery replacement for five Breathing Air Monitoring carried out by STM, thereby the New Type Submarine years when not in use, has System consists of two providing a significant Project was the Sonar Low and High-Frequency independent sub-systems, growth to the country. Beacon System, an Transducers (sonar wet- namely, Analysis System acoustic system that allows ends) with a Navy Type and Sensor system. The locating the submarine Piezoelectric ceramic Underwater detection & Analysis System performs positioning System when it becomes unable infrastructure. gas analysis of the air drawn to function. It is vital for Another subsystem study from different parts of the a submarine to report its in which KBS takes part submarine. The Analysis location to the surrounding under the New Type System has two pumps ships and the rescue vessels Submarine Project is that take gas samples precisely in the event of an the PC Network System, from 18 different points accident. The Sonar Beacon which is the integrated inside the submarine for System developed for this information system of measurement. Results, purpose works as a pinger the submarine. In this alerts, status signals, and in case of emergencies and framework, the company central error reports are emits a sonar signal. Since provides all the integrated simultaneously displayed the Sonar Beacon System information communication on the screen by the PLC is a piece of essential vital infrastructure and hardware. (Programmable Logic equipment, submarines KBS will deliver a total of Controller) according to with an inactive Sonar seven PC Network Systems, the measuring point on Beacon System or without six for submarines and one the submarine. The Sensor a Sonar Beacon System for Ground Test Systems, System, which is located are not allowed to dive. within the scope of the PC in a reinforced cabined,

91 Heavyweight Torpedo body, air bubbles created was first exhibited during by the surface vessel’s wake the IDEF 2017 Fair. The are detected and analyzed increasing population with the electronic of air bubbles due to the hardware located inside motion of the surface target the AWD body. Acoustic is the primary physical transducers ping the air explanation of the so-called bubbles created by the “wake.” Moving surface wake, which can stand targets generate a relatively on the water surface for AKYA National Heavyweight Torpedo long tracking wake. The an extended period, and physical constitution of check the pings reflected ... Indigenous Solutions qualification testing phase surface target wakes brings from the bubbles to see if of KBS for AKYA National of the AKYA Heavyweight into play several processes they were produced by a Heavyweight Torpedo and Torpedo. The Underwater as thermal structure, surface target. The AWD Qualification Test Process Acoustic Tracking System turbulent motions or then transmits its analysis (UATS), which is developed surface, and stern waves. data to the torpedo (data The biggest challenge by KBS detects and records Moving surface targets sharing), and the torpedo’s in the production of active acoustic signals leave a long wake behind central processor makes the underwater systems, emitted by the pingers them. The wake produced final decision. If the central such as a heavyweight on underwater platforms by a surface target leaves processor gives the tracking torpedo, is the carrying while they are on a cruise, such strong patterns that command, the torpedo out of qualification tests through the hydrophones this makes it possible to initiates the guidance in a marine environment located on the intelligent detect, track, or identify sequence by using the AWD with indigenous resources buoys. The system enables surface targets with system. During the tracking and capabilities. This is a real-time tracking of target acoustic methods. phase, the torpedo uses complicated process that trajectory, transmitted to sonar to look for changes This wake can be detected requires intensive effort the monitoring platform, in the water caused by the by the AWD, which is and experience and may by transferring target passage of the ship, such integrated into the torpedo. involve hundreds of trials. detection and buoy as the small air bubbles. The AWD makes use of position data to monitoring When these are detected, Within the scope of the the physical features of and control platform. the torpedo turns toward AKYA National Heavyweight the wake to detect it or the ship then follows a Torpedo Development Under the AKYA National to distinguish it from an zig-zag course, turning Program, the Phase-I Heavyweight Torpedo undisturbed water surface. when it detects the outer (Development Phase) Program, Roketsan will The wake generated by a edge of the wake, to keep Agreement between the develop the warhead surface target reflects itself in the wake. This will SSB and Main Contractor and guidance system, sound so strongly and so eventually bring it to the Roketsan was signed on Meteksan Defense persistently that it may rear of the ship, where its May 8, 2009, and the will develop the sonar provide successful acoustic warhead can do the most Phase-2 (Industrialization transducer arrays (sonar methods in naval warfare damage to propulsion and Pre-production Phase) wet end), and Koç Bilgi operations for detecting, and steering. The "wake Agreement was signed in Sistem ve Savunma tracking, or identifying the homing" torpedoes July 2016. The last torpedo Teknolojileri A.Ş (KBS) will surface target which has equipped with the AWD launch test that was carried develop the Wake Sensors, produced the wake. The system are difficult to out on December 20, 2019 Torpedo Test Range torpedo scans the target counter with “soft-kill” as part of the ongoing Underwater Detection area with this AWD, locates (functional destruction) qualification test process. and Positioning System, the wake, and guides itself jamming systems, though During the qualification Acoustic Signal Generators, automatically to target e.g., they can be distracted test, an AKYA Torpedo with and the Underwater by the suitable crossing of by other ships crossing a live seeker was launched Acoustic Models (to verify the wake. the wake. Since existing for the first time from a the systems and software torpedo jamming and There are two small sonar 533mm torpedo tube to be developed under the deception systems are transducers on the AWD, located on an underwater program). ineffective against such which is located in the test platform at a depth threats, "wake homing" middle of the torpedo of 40m. KBS’s acoustic The prototype of the torpedoes can only be body. Thanks to these buoys, equipped with Acoustic Wake Detector eliminated with "hard- transducers located on smart embedded systems, (AWD) developed by KBS kill" (physical destruction) both sides of the AWD are being used in the for the AKYA National torpedo defense systems

92 Aselsan Increases Its Turnover by 44% in 2019 The announcement of Aselsan’s 2019 financial results were made on February 11, 2020. The growth trend in the company's turnover continued to rise in 2019. Aselsan's turnover grew by 44% compared to the previous year, exceeding TL 13 billion. The amount of export delivery increased by 50% compared to the previous year and was recorded as US$ 330 million, reaching its historical peak. ©©Defence Turkey In 2019, the advancement in Aselsan's profitability and received new orders reached its peak. Aselsan, slowing down with the indicators exceeded accordingly. The volume which has maximized its goal of meeting the the growth in turnover. of orders received in 2019 efficiency in international needs of our security Earnings Before Interest totalled US$ 3 billion and markets, is taking firm forces with national Taxes Depreciation and the total backlog was US$ steps on its path to resources and becoming Amortization (EBITDA) 9.7 billion. become a global defense a reliable business increased by 51% industry company with partner on a global level. compared to the previous Aselsan Chairman and 26 subsidiaries and Aselsan continues its year and reached TL CEO Prof. Haluk GÖRGÜN branches, 11 of which nationalization activities, 2.9 billion. The EBITDA said the following in are abroad. We have not limited to defense but margin exceeded the his evaluation of the confidence that the also in non-defense areas 19-21% range, which the company's 2019 year-end growth trend of our such as transportation, company shared for year financial results: country's economy will security, energy and end, reaching 21.9%. The accelerate in 2020, and healthcare. Aselsan’s “We left behind a year in net profit of the company we anticipate that the most effectual power in which we concentrated was recorded as TL 3.4 turnover of Aselsan will a wide array of activities on deliveries and billion with an increase increase by 40-50% is the competent human collections during the of 45% compared to the next year. We believe the assets that we have last months and we previous year. positive impact of both achieved in 45 years and achieved success both in our organizational efforts our supplier companies operational and financial Strong Cash and efficiency practices exceeding 5,000. In 2019, terms. Aselsan achieved Position on profitability will we continued to support historical turnover and noticeably be observed in all of our small and large- Aselsan closed the year profitability figures as a 2020 and we increase our scale subcontractors that with a net cash position result of its efforts both EBITDA margin guidance we worked with, and of TL 1.3 billion, due to within the country and to 20-22%.” we shared our financial the effective cash and abroad. Our equities, means and R&D capacity receivable management reaching TL 13.5 billion Aselsan is with our suppliers. I am maintained throughout as of the end of 2019, Growing fully confident that 2019. The company's constituted 53% of Together with we will achieve new year-end cash also our balance sheet and successes in 2020 with broke a historical record, appeared as the main its Business the continuous efforts of reaching TL 3.5 billion. indicator of our sound Partners our stakeholders.” Aselsan continued to financial structure. “We continue our add new products to its 2019 was also a year in activities without product range in 2019 which Aselsan's exports

93 The Sky's No Longer the Limit for Start- Ups David ZIEGLER | Vice-President Aerospace & Defense Industry, Dassault Systèmes In recent years, the in aerospace start-ups, accessible to a wide range manufacturing costs aviation and space according to the British of customers. To do this, have dropped. As a industry has become venture fund Seraphim they have to work faster, result, start-ups are now extremely attractive capital. generate more new ideas present in almost every to start-ups and small and use a number of cross- segment of the aerospace businesses. The boom of However, the aerospace sectoral technologies and industry. The fastest start-ups in the aerospace industry has many solutions. For example, it growing trends in the industry began in 2010 hurdles to overcome in took SpaceX five years industry are unmanned with new initiatives from order to compete. The and £307 million of aerial vehicles, satellites, Elon Musk (SpaceX), tightly regulated and investments in order to space communication Jeff Bezos (Blue Origin) safety critical industry develop the carrier rocket systems, various services and Bertrand Piccard is understandably Falcon 9, while NASA for maintaining space and (Solar Impulse) – all of meticulous but slow to would have spent about aviation infrastructure, them being successful adopt new technology. £1.0 billion for a similar and finally, suborbital entrepreneurs. With Arguably, this is leaving task, according to the tourism. a gleam in their eyes, the door wide open for agency’s own calculations. they demonstrated that start-ups. Unlike the For example, Chinese smaller companies can state-owned companies Start-Ups Take start-ups Space take to the skies on par or large international to the Sky Transportation and with huge, established corporations, start- Linkspace have recently Over the past few corporations. And the ups use their “no fear of launched their reusable decades, the quality trend continues. Today, failure” approach. They rockets – an affordable of technologies and the aircraft industry is strive to reduce the final alternative to Falcon 9. In various components rife with opportunities cost of their products and the UK, OneWeb is already has improved while their for start-ups. New services to make them launching miniature players not only offer innovative solutions, but also radically change the nature of the entire market. Now, the industry is flooded with new players. According to recent research conducted by NewSpace Global, the number of start-ups in the industry has grown almost tenfold since 2013 - from 120 to more than 1,000 today. In tandem, in 2018 alone, £25.6 billion was invested

94 satellites into the low Earth orbit. By 2021, the company intends to use it to provide high- speed Internet access throughout the world. Orbex, is preparing the commercial release of its Prime rocket, which is specifically designed to launch ultralight satellites. By 2023, it should put into orbit the nanosatellites of Swiss start-up Astrocast, which plans to deploy a global support network for the Internet of things. Elsewhere, the Canadian company LEO will launch a service that monitors the chemical composition of ©©Dassault Systèmes the earth's surface and track space debris by multitude of cross- design and development up their positions to 2021. sectoral interaction. After of its Overture , new players. Traditional all, in order to successfully a commercial aircraft players also seek the The list of start-ups doing pass certification, such achieving the speed of advantages innovative innovative work within the a flight-and-ground Mach 2.2, which in turn technology offers. To industry could go on. Each apparatus should meet will make supersonic achieve that, aerospace example highlights that the requirements of flights ubiquitous and and defense companies start-ups are moving from regulators of both accessible. Boom uses are acquiring startups, just talking about projects industries at once. But the same platform for its setting up corporate to actioning them, and at the emergence of this ideation, production and venture funds and a rapid pace. type of transportation certification that industry developing “skunkworks” will give impetus to the leader Airbus uses to projects and partnerships Agility within development of new develop and build its to support develop new Startups related types of business aircraft. products. For example, – schools for drivers/ Airbus now has its own Start-ups are not afraid pilots and even flight- Furthermore, start-ups startup accelerator, Airbus to experiment, and as service. have an advantage in Bizlab, which has helped a result, new types of terms of having greater 72 external and 54 internal transport, new markets, So, how do start-ups flexibility and mobility. projects over the four and new categories of manage to compete The use of agile principles years. consumers are born on equal terms with big in product development, right in front of our eyes. companies? First, by using and the ability to find and Dassault Systèmes Dassault Systèmes works the same engineering occupy new niches in the too has its own with many aerospace and and marketing tools market. This gives start- international network of defense startups including as established market ups a great advantage 3DEXPERIENCE Labs and AeroMobil, a company leaders. In fact, start- over large companies. Centers that help start- creating a prototype of a ups have an advantage With the 3DExperience ups and large companies , the first when implementing new platform on the cloud, alike to improve vehicle of its kind, due to technology such as cloud they can scale without products and develop be released in 2020. The computing, computer having to own a huge IT the concepts for next- AeroMobil vehicle will vision, big data, as well infrastructure network – a generation air transport. make it possible to move as business intelligence true recipe for speed. Two startups that have around in any terrain and digital IT platforms. brought projects to the and in any weather. As Much like Boom What’s Next? 3DEXPERIENCE Lab are, they say in the company Supersonic, that uses the Of course, market leaders Xsun and Zero 2 Infinity. itself, developing such 3DEXPERIENCE platform won’t be quick to give Xsun is developing new a project required a to help accelerate the types of long-range

95 unmanned aerial vehicles Although start-ups design, manufacturing, to market. Investments powered by solar energy. embrace new ideas and testing, certification in digitalization can pay Zero 2 Infinity is building technology, they often and operation, helping off in as little as 6 to 18 an inexpensive and face a much bigger start-ups optimize their months, fast-tracking environmentally friendly threat than large players: processes and keep their the start-up’s journey to platform for launching they cannot afford to fail activity focused on their profit. Providing young small-sized satellites in this highly regulated products. These platforms companies with the using stratospheric industry. They need to automate routine resources to centralize balloons. pass long and complex operations, streamline all their operations helps certification processes business and engineering start-ups focus on what Large players also before launching their processes, reduce time they do best: devise see the value in rapid product despite being spent on administrative creative ideas to complex innovation projects. One both cash-strapped and tasks and vastly improve issues and challenge the collaborative project with time-constrained. strategic and routine big players. This creates Dassault Systèmes and access to information. a much more vibrant the National Institute Online, cloud-based As a result, start-ups industry that pushes for Aviation Research at virtualization and product can accelerate their the boundaries of the Wichita State University innovation platforms offer programs and be the first atmosphere resulted in Airbus new ways for ideation, to bring their prototypes successfully developing a new thrust reverser prototype. Northrop Grumman, Lockheed Martin and Raytheon all Dassault Systèmes Dassault work closely with satellite © © start-ups. For example, Lockheed Martin has a stake in Terran Orbital, which offers satellite surveillance services to various government departments. Tighter collaboration between large and emerging players will bring more innovation to the market and help it transform further.

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Otokar Concluded 2019 with Record Growth Otokar, a Koç Group disclosed its 2019 Serdar GÖRGÜÇ pointed the international arena. company, announced financial results. Otokar, out that Otokar also Our efforts culminated its 2019 results. Serdar which operates in more maintained a balance in undertaking several GÖRGÜÇ, General than 60 countries on five between commercial challenging projects Manager, Otokar, noted continents with products vehicle and defense on a global scale ahead that the company's 2019 with owned intellectual industry sales in 2019, of our international revenues reached TL 2.4 property rights, ended adding that both product competitors, and we billion with 45 percent 2019 with a record groups captured similar achieved success in every increase, "We left behind growth of 45 percent. shares in total revenues. project we received." a difficult year as both General Manager Serdar the global and Turkish GÖRGÜÇ said that Otokar Serdar Serdar GÖRGÜÇ also economy faced many continued its operations GÖRGÜÇ: provided information challenges. Despite with a focus on long-term "Ahead of about export of defense uncertainties worldwide, goals without the impact International industry and commercial we strived to represent of short-term fluctuations Competition" vehicles. Noting that Turkish automotive and despite the Turkey's land vehicles and defense industries uncertainties across the GÖRGÜÇ noted that exports rose 73 percent successfully in the globe and the tightening Otokar's greatest in 2019, he said "We international arena. With in the domestic market, motivation is its continued to export broad product ranges in "We defined our strategy commitment to fulfilling armored vehicles in 2019. commercial vehicles and as increasing exports and its mission with success, We doubled our exports defense industry, and expanding globally. We "Through our 57-year of defense industry technology, design and continue to take bold history, we brought to products compared to the engineering capabilities, steps as we aim to sustain life numerous successful previous year. We analyze we strengthened our our growth. In 2019, our projects with our user expectations and position among global exports increased by 78 responsibility to our needs with great care to brands. In 2019, our percent to $340 million clients. We launched design and manufacture exports grew 78 percent while the share of exports countless commercial products that align with year on year, and we in revenues reached 80 vehicle and defense requirements, and as a posted TL 352 million percent. With record industry projects, each result our company also profit with an increase of growth, our net profit with great pride. Armed continued to grow in 114 percent." increased by 114 percent with this awareness and the commercial vehicles year on year, reaching TL responsibility, we strived segment, opening Otokar, Turkey's leading 352 million. And our R&D to represent Turkish to new markets. We automotive and defense spending amounted to automotive and defense overcame tightening industry company TL 136 million in 2019." industries successfully in in the domestic bus

98 market, which shrank GÖRGÜÇ Graphene and 2D 58 percent, with exports "Leading the as we expanded our Material Focus vehicle park in several Industry with countries, particularly Pioneering Technology Network in Europe. Today, our Work" buses successfully serve (OTAG) Serdar GÖRGÜÇ millions of passengers pointed out that Otokar, in more than 50 supported by its strong countries. The number R&D capabilities, of Otokar brand buses continues to elevate its used in passenger position in the global transportation market, especially surpassed 2,200 in in the last decade, ©©SSB France alone. We aim taking important steps to grow our share in the in new technologies March 7, 2020. In order to of our safety and security bus market, especially and applications, manage transformation forces, minimizing foreign in Europe, and to rapidly "Our investments, in defense industry dependency, intensifying elevate our position our engineering and technologies and for indigeneity and increasing globally." production capabilities, development of indigenous the competitiveness of our GÖRGÜÇ: and the flexibility to systems, subsystems and defense industry. products, through investing produce according to "Number of in future technologies, Within this framework, it user requirements have Companies Focus Technology Network is important to determine made us a pioneer and Established (OTAG) was established the point where graphene leader in commercial under the guidance of and 2D material technology Abroad on The vehicles and the the Presidency of Defense has reached in our country, Rise" defense industry in Industries (SSB). the actions to be taken for Turkey. In 2019, our R&D GÖRGÜÇ said, "The fact current and future studies spending amounted that Otokar continues Within this framework, and to plan complementary to TL 136 million. After to strengthen its one other has been studies. The workshop developing Turkey's position in the regions added to the OTAGs in the activities introduced will first electric bus in the where it operates by Composite and Additive be conducted through the 2010s, we continued establishing affiliates Manufacturing technology focus groups "Electronics/ to work on vehicles and subsidiaries also fields. The introductory Optoelectronics", powered by alternative had a positive impact meeting for Graphene and "Composites, Protective fuels in 2019. We added Two-Dimensional Material Coatings and Paints" and on last year's growth the new 12-meter Focus Technology Network "Energy". figures. In line with our electric urban bus to (OTAG) was held at the SSB. goal of crowning our our product family. We Following the workshop, international expansion are currently promoting More than 200 the aim is to determine with new achievements, this bus in Europe. We academicians, personnel technology priorities by we established our also launched Turkey's and researchers from 50 considering the objectives fourth company abroad first electric armored universities, 15 companies of our country and the skill in Kazakhstan. With this vehicle, Akrep IIe. Our and various research needs of our safety and company, we intend goal with these vehicles centers participated in security forces, to define to take advantage of is for Otokar to gain the introductory meeting, cooperation methods and various opportunities where industry, universities to establish acquisition even more experience such as joint product and research institutions plans. Within this scope, and knowhow in development and gathered pursuant to the the plan is to organize the alternative powertrains engaging in local SSB’s call. Graphene and 2D Material such as electric, business partnerships, Focus Technology Network diesel and hybrid to local production and It is considered that Workshop Final Meeting accelerate transition to technology transfer in graphene and 2D materials in September 2020, and autonomous vehicles. Kazakhstan and Central will play an active role in the then create a roadmap by We will continue to Asia, where our defense projects to be implemented publishing the Graphene work and invest toward industry products and in the coming years with and 2D Material Focus becoming a future ready commercial vehicles are the aim of gaining critical Technology Network company that shapes actively used." technologies that support Report. and leads the industry." the operational capabilities

99 Dynamic Manta 2020 (DYMA20) - NATO’s Advanced Anti-Submarine Warfare Exercise Hosted by the Italian Navy (Marina Militare), the “Dynamic Manta 2020” (DYMA20) Submarine Warfare Exercise was held between February 24 – March 6, 2020, in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Sicily with the participation of NATO allies , France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Norway, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. by Saffet UYANIK The aim of the annual exercise. Submarines from urgent events. Dynamic These vessels are under exercise hosted by NATO’s France, Greece, Italy, Manta is one of two continuous NATO Allied Maritime Command and Turkey under NATO annual NATO-led Anti- command to perform (MARCOM) is to boost the Submarine Command Submarine Warfare a wide range of tasks coordinative capacities of (COMSUBNATO) joined interoperability exercises. ranging from deterrent all participating countries the surface ships from Manta is conducted in the presence and situational in anti-submarine warfare Canada, France, Greece, Mediterranean (focused awareness to exercises and (ASW) and anti-surface Italy, Spain, and Turkey. on finding boats in warmer the conduct of operational warfare (ASuW) and to The team simulated a waters), and the other missions. These groups enhance interoperability multi-threat environment ASW exercise, Dynamic provide NATO with an and overall multi-lateral with maritime patrol Mongoose, is carried immediate operational operations among NATO aircraft from Canada, out in the North Atlantic response capability both allies. Germany, France, Turkey, region. Dynamic Manta is in peacetime and in and the United States and based around Standing crisis. They demonstrate As the host nation, Italy shore-based helicopters NATO Maritime Group 2 Alliance resolve and provided operational from Italy and the United (SNMG 2) which is one of foster solidarity, as well support in Catania Harbor, Kingdom operated from four very high readiness as enhance the Alliance’s the Navy Helicopter Base Sigonella Air Base and the surface forces that relations with Partner in Catania and Naval Air Italian Navy’s Helicopter NATO maintains under nations through visits Station Sigonella, as well as base in Catania, under its Maritime Command and exchanges. These logistic support (refueling the control of NATO (MARCOM). NATO four groups comprise operations, medical Maritime Air Command Maritime Command leads the core of the maritime assistance, and personnel (COMMARAIRNATO). four Standing Maritime component of the Very accommodation) at the Groups (two / High Readiness Joint Augusta Naval Base. A The sophisticated frigate groups and two Task Force (VJTF) in the total of seven , training exercise was mine countermeasures NATO Response Forces four submarines, and five orchestrated principally to groups), which are (NRF), providing timely maritime patrol aircraft test out NATO’s maritime multinational, integrated maritime support to (MPA) from the allied forces to evaluate the maritime forces made NATO operations in a nations participated in the Alliance’s capacity in up of vessels from Allied contingency. Additional Dynamic Manta (DYMA20) case of unexpected and countries. forces could be added

100 to these groups, with the nodes between the surface NATO command staff on and sub-surface domains. board and the ships of the group as the nucleus. On the morning of the The purpose of exercises first day of the Dynamic like Dynamic Manta and Manta, allied frigates and its sister exercise in the submarines left the port North Atlantic, Dynamic of Catania and conducted Mongoose, is to allow those their first joint drills with task groups to prove their helicopters. An SH-90 proficiency in specialized helicopter from Italian warfare areas. frigate ITS Carabiniere (F 593) deployed its dipping Alongside the traditional sonar into the Ionian Sea assets, there were also to detect the submarine several unmanned systems, movements in the region some of which are provided where the Turkish frigate Barbaros class frigate TCG During the exercise, each by NATO’s Centre for TCG Salihreis (F-246), Salihreis (F-246), Preveze surface ship had the Maritime Research and Canadian frigate HMCS class submarine TCG 18 opportunity to conduct Experimentation (CMRE). Fredericton (FFH 337), mart (S-355), and a P-235 a variety of submarine The Alliance’s Italy-based and the Italian submarine Maritime Patrol Aircraft warfare operations. The research laboratory ITS Salvatore Todaro (S (MPA). In addition to these submarines took turns participated in the exercise 526) were located. One of elements, the Gabya class hunting and being hunted, with unmanned undersea the Turkish Navy’s most frigate TCG (F- closely coordinating their vehicles and gliders to critical striking forces, 490) also provided partial efforts with the air and contribute to sub-hunting the TCG Salihreis frigate, support to the exercise. On surface participants. NATO operations as additional also participated in the March 9, 2020, the Turkish exercise Dynamic Manta submarine hunters while NATO exercise to boost Ministry of National Defence (DYMA20) showcased the also testing out the new cooperation between allied made an announcement collaborative approach gear and new tactics. countries. Turkish Naval on the social media stating required for effective ASW During the Dynamic Manta, Forces, with more than ten that the Turkish Maritime operations by providing an CMRE deployed two Ocean warships operating across Patrol Aircraft, flew 15 sorties invaluable opportunity to Explorer large autonomous the Eastern and Central during NATO Exercise improve the collective unmanned vehicles (AUVs) Mediterranean region, was "Dynamic Manta 2020", NATO anti-submarine fitted with thin-line towed one of the naval forces that detecting all four allied warfare (ASW) capabilities array sonar systems, along provided maximum support submarines and reaching by flexing NATO tactical with Liquid Robotics Wave to the NATO exercise highest operational tempo ASW doctrine against Glider unmanned surface Dynamic Manta 2020. The and detection rate among some very challenging vehicles (USVs) that are Turkish Naval Forces took all participating aircraft. targets. acting as communications part in the exercise with the

101 Resilience Decision Support Project of NATO HQ SACT was Supported by STM Thinktech STM ThinkTech, Turkey's first technology- based think tank, has developed a Resilience Decision Support Model to assist NATO in decision making processes when encountering large-scale and complex problems. Murat İKİNCİ

Carrying out significant The Decision Support a recovery process should indigenous models that projects in the fields of Model analyzes which be initiated in the face of provide concrete outputs engineering, technology areas and infrastructures such shocks, facilitates the to critical organizations. and consultancy under the will be affected, and to decision making processes The Resilience Model we leadership of the Presidency what extent, in the event of authorities in terms of the have developed specifically of Defense Industries (SSB), of various types of shocks actions and measures they to support NATO decision STM Savunma Teknolojileri determined at the outset need to take. making processes makes an Mühendislik ve Tic. A.Ş. of the project by NATO, important contribution in continues in its efforts such as large migration STM Contributes to this sense. We will continue to develop innovative movements, the build-up National Security to diversify our solutions and unique solutions. of a conflict environment, to address situations that Emphasizing that STM The Resilience Decision large-scale power outages threaten national security, ThinkTech works with Support Model developed and natural disasters. It both in the national and the aim of developing indigenously for NATO- provides significant support international arena, and sustainable solutions in by ThinkTech – STM's to decision makers when to cooperate with such the fields of defense and technology-based think deciding on the allocation of prestigious institutions as security, Murat İKİNCİ, tank – assumes an important resources and investments NATO." General Manager of role in the accurate analysis by showing them the STM, said: “ThinkTech of the effects of large-scale, strategic impacts of such As a system that can be has transformed STM's complex problems and in shocks, including those with adapted to different almost 30-years of know- determining the road maps potential social and political scenarios in accordance how and competency to be drawn by decision- effects, and their possible with the duties and needs into both intellectual and makers. consequences on civil and of institutions, the Resilience technological outputs military system elements, Decision Support Model and forecasts, and not STM Supporting along with potential constitutes a unique solution only raises awareness in NATO’s Decision changes in the performance for the sustainability of the local ecosystem in our Making Processes of such elements. The security, both at home and country, but also undertakes Related to model, which also supports abroad. a global mission to produce Resilience decisions of what kind of

The Resilience Decision Support Model developed by STM ThinkTech is based on the “System Dynamics” approach and has been successfully completed and delivered to NATO’s Allied Command Transformation (ACT) within the scope of a project launched on 29 October 2019. The second phase of the project was just started by a new contract and over a period of five months the existing model will be upgraded

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Qualification Tests of HGK-83 Ammunition Completed Successfully! President of Defense Industries Prof. İsmail DEMİR made a public statement saying that the qualification tests of the HGK-83 ammunition had been successfully completed and the ammunition is ready for mass production, through the video he shared on his twitter account on January 22, 2020.

HGK-83 is a GPS/INS guidance kit that turns existing 1,000 lb Mk-83 general purpose bombs into air to ground smart weapons which can be released in multiples by using the BRU-57 ©©SSB multiple-weapons carriage system. the captive carriage, the and takes the bomb to the GPS guidance system, is weapon automatically target under any weather named HGK-82, HGK-83 What is a performs initialization as condition. In case any and HGK-84. Precision soon as the aircraft powers GPS signal loss for any Guidance Kit? the weapon and matches reason after it is released PGK activities were first its own navigation from the aircraft, the INS started in 2001, and A Precision Guidance Kit system with that of the system is activated and the certification of the (PGK) is the guidance aircraft. Mission data is hits the target successfully HGK-84, developed by package that converts automatically transferred through only INS mode TÜBİTAK-SAGE with general purpose bombs from the aircraft to the performance. national facilities, to (Mk-84) into smart weapon before shooting. F-4E/2020 aircraft was weapons. A PGK basically When the release point The PGK guidance kit completed in 2005. consists of the control is reached during the family, which converts Afterwards, it has been drive system on the shooting, the aircraft 500lb Mk-82, 1,000lb used by the Turkish Air tail side, the GPS/INS releases ammunition. After Mk-83 and 2,000lb Mk-84 Force in many operations guidance control unit and leaving the aircraft, the general purpose bombs and continues to be used the overall liner. guidance system of the into air to ground smart as needed. Certification ammunition is activated weapons with the INS/ of PGK to the F-16 A PGK, which can be aircraft in the Turkish released from the Air Force inventory was F-4E/2020s and F-16s achieved in 2013. In 2014, in the inventory of the it was selected by the Turkish Air Force, can NATO working group be used in almost every for the UAI (Universal weather condition and hit Armament Interface) targets at a range of 15 nm. demonstration and was successfully released from Mission information that a UAI-compliant U.S. F-16 includes the target point aircraft. With the project and hit parameters of the signed with the MoND, PGK is uploaded to the the mass production of aircraft while the aircraft the HGK-84 as started by is on the ground. During

104 Contract Signed for MMU's Lightning Testing Center

Aselsan in 2014 and more Industry and Technology than 1,500 deliveries have Mustafa VARANK was been made so far. On the present. In the statement other hand, in order to be made by TÜBİTAK-SAGE used effectively against on August 9, 2019, it moving targets, the HGK- was announced that Turkish Aerospace Turkish ©

84 was also equipped with the Air Force Command © the Laser Seeker feature, performed 4 more and the nationalization operational test fires under A signature ceremony is important in to detect efforts to eliminate the challenging conditions was held between the deficiencies on-site. foreign dependency on and that the HGK-82 Turkish Aerospace and We would like to thank the sub-parts of the HGK- became operational. HIZAL companies for Turkish Aerospace for 84, which has a great the establishment of choosing our company export potential, will Within the scope of a "Lightning Testing for the establishment of continue. the projects aiming Center" for the National this center that will carry to minimize foreign Combat Aircraft (MMU) out such tests.” On the other hand, dependency and increase Project. The center to be the development and indigenization, the active built within the scope of During the development certification tests of the GPS antenna developed the agreement will be phase of the MMU, HGK-82 were completed by TÜBİTAK-SAGE for able to test the direct which is among the most at the beginning of 2018 use in smart ammunition and indirect effects of important projects of and the first delivery was and operating at L1/L2 lightning on the MMU Turkey, the infrastructure made to the Air Force bands has completed during the development activities of the Lightning command on October all development tests phase. Testing Center to be 31, 2018. Following this including firing tests, built on approximately delivery, during the test and another progress During the ceremony, 4 thousand square fire on November 2, 2018, has been achieved for Turkish Aerospace meters for testing the the HGK-82 successfully indigenization in this President and CEO direct and indirect hit the target 17 kilometers field to reduce foreign Prof.Temel KOTİL said, effects of lightning will away at 37,500 feet. This dependency. On the “With the support of our be performed by the test was realized at the other hand, “KAŞİF”, the Presidency of Defense company HIZAL, which Konya Karapınar Firing Local Global Positioning Industries, conducting has in-depth experience Test and Evaluation Center System receiver to be these tests at our center in the area of high where the Minister of used in HGK kits, was first will provide a serious voltage. exhibited at the TÜBİTAK- advantage. The tests SAGE booth at the IDEF'19 will also be regarded as The center will enable the Fair. Additionally, the R&D projects. Further test elimination of the effects production of MARK series centers will be acquired of lightning damage or Mk-81, Mk-82, Mk-83 and to our company soon.” equipment failure on the Mk-84 General-Purpose MMU under challenging Bomb body and tail units HIZAL CEO Prof. Mizrahan weather conditions, is also performed in Turkey HIZAL said, “Conducting and is expected to be as domestic production by such important tests completed in 2022. the company ASSAN. with domestic facilities

105 ARES on Course to Break Havelsan yet Another Record in Technology Oman Shipbuilding History LLC Officially Turkey’s record holding one boat will be made ready shipyard ARES, is running for to launch in only one week… Inaugurated another one: The Largest Serial This is something only ARES The opening ceremony of Havelsan Production in Shipbuilding can achieve!” Technology Oman LLC, founded by with the 122 fast patrol boats Havelsan in Muscat/Oman, was held with program for the Turkish ARES 35 FPB, the first of the participation of Ambassador of the Ministry of Interior-Coast which will be commissioned Republic of Turkey to the Sultanate of Oman Guard. in 2020, will serve in tasks Ayşe Sözen USLUER. such as combatting irregular The project is currently close immigration, search and Ambassador Ayşe Sözen USLUER, Havelsan to the end of design validation, rescue, anti-human trafficking Chairman of the Board Prof. Hacı Ali with recent accomplishments and maritime security missions. MANTAR and Masirah International of model tests in the CDR To be built according to the Chairman of the Board Saad Al JENAIBI (Critical Design Review) phase. Turkish Lloyd’s norms and wished success to Havelsan Technology Serial production is scheduled rules, the boats will carry out Oman LLC. to start in the second quarter operations in all coastal areas of 2020. of Turkey, from Artvin in the Havelsan Top Management and Northeast of the Black Sea representatives of Havelsan's local business One Boat Every and to Hatay in the Southeast partners in Oman also attended the Week… Mediterranean. opening ceremony. Havelsan established a joint venture with Masirah International Utku ALANC, CEO of ARES About ARES 35 FPB after exporting its Command, Control, Shipyard stated that “The Computer, Communication and Intelligence project represents the largest ARES 35 FPB will be volume serial production in manufactured using vacuum System (C4I) to Oman. The company, in Turkey’s shipbuilding history, infusion technology from which Havelsan owns 70% and Masirah and it will certainly put a carbon-reinforced advanced International owns 30% of shares, aims to significant record in the world’s composites. The outlined make Havelsan's presence in Oman more shipbuilding archives as well. technical characteristics of the permanent. The project is planned to last boats are as follows: for five years and it will involve • Overall Length: 12 meters 6 Bayraktar TB2s construction and delivery of 122 ARES 35 FPB boats to meet • Width: 3.75 meters Delivered to the the needs of the Turkish Coast • Draft: 0.80 meters Guard. On the other hand, the Gendarmerie contract allows for additional • Main Propulsion System: 2 x Inboard Diesel Engines vessels which may end up and Water Jets General with even twice as much. We • Maximum Speed: 35 knots will deliver six boats every Command two months based on our • Range: 160 nautical miles production program. Thus, February 28, 2020 - President of Defense Industries Prof. Ismail DEMIR announced that 6 Bayraktar TB2 Armed UAVs were delivered to the Gendarmerie General Command.

Stating on his Twitter account that 6 Bayraktar Armed UAVs were delivered to the Gendarmerie General Command, President of Defense Industries Prof. DEMIR said, “Turkish Defense Industry will continue to exert efforts each day to better produce for our hero soldiers.”

106 TS1400 Turboshaft Test and Subsystems Workshop Held in Eskişehir

The "Turboshaft Test and ©©TEI to carry out our meetings Subsystems Workshop", in a more specialized hosted by the Presidency way than the previous of Defense Industries one. We want to satisfy (SSB) and TEI and with our engine test systems the support of Erciyes and engine sub-systems Technopark, was held at needs with our domestic the TEI Eskişehir Campus and national facilities. I on February 10, 2020. believe today will be an important occasion for Özdemir ÇAKACAK, our indigenization and Governor of Eskişehir, nationalization efforts. I SSB Department Head regions in the world. When the Turboshaft Engine wish all the meetings to of Engine and Power we look at the history, Development Project, take place today will be Transmission Systems our ancestors suffered which we initiated as beneficial and our national Yakup ERTAŞ, TEI a lot in every period of the SSB, and this is our helicopters will fly with the President and CEO our history to make and second workshop for this parts to be produced also Prof. Mahmut F. AKŞİT, maintain these lands a project. In this workshop, by you.” officials from the SSB homeland for us. Today, we will be seeking how and universities and under the leadership of we utilize the industry for Following the speeches, private sector company our President, the Turkish test infrastructures and SSB Turbine Systems Manager Bedriye representatives attended defense industry has other sub-systems, and CİCİOĞLU and TEI the workshop. reached a level capable how we transform them Turboshaft Programs of producing its own into domestic products. I Delivering a speech at Director Dr. Mehmet needs. There is nothing would like to thank all the the opening ceremony, DEMİROĞLU made Özdemir ÇAKACAK, this nation fails to do in industry representatives unity and solidarity. I hope for being here and I wish presentations about the Governor of Eskişehir project and the workshop. wished success to all this nation will be at the the negotiations will be participating company level it deserves also by fruitful.” Within the scope of representatives in their meeting the targets of TEI President and CEO the Turboshaft Engine activities and said, “Our 2023 and 2071 with the Development Project, Prof. Mahmut F. AKŞİT also country has achieved unity and solidarity of our which was launched delivered a speech and industrialists.” in 2017 and is being significant progresses in said, “Today we organize carried out within the recent years, especially in Taking the floor at our second workshop the defense industry, and the ceremony, SSB within the scope of our scope of the Indigenous from education to health, Department Head project, hopefully we Helicopter Program to from transportation to of Engine and Power will organize the engine meet the engine needs industry, from trade to Transmission Systems delivery ceremony instead of the GÖKBEY helicopter tourism. Eskişehir is one Yakup ERTAŞ said, “We of our third workshop, with domestic facilities, of the important centers conduct workshops and that time is near. In another important leap has been achieved with of our country in high- when needed throughout this workshop, we want tech product exports, the bilateral talks during especially in rail systems the workshop organized and aerospace/aviation. by TEI, the main contractor The enterprises that of the project, under the have made substantial auspices of the SSB, investments, such as TEI, and for the increase of have been contributing domestic and national to the economy and possibilities for the employment of our TS1400, Turkey's first country by carrying out national helicopter important activities. engine, in order to ensure Turkey is located in one of the continuation of the the world's most important ©©TEI project.

107 Aspilsan Energy's Transition to Havelsan Cloud Computing and the Opening of New Warehouse/ Administrative Building With the ceremony held in Kayseri on January 29, 2020, the transition of Aspilsan Energy to Havelsan Cloud Computing and the New Warehouse/Administrative Building Opening were realized.

This important cooperation between Aspilsan and Havelsan, the two subsidiaries of the Turkish Armed Forces Foundation (TAFF), has served as a model for the nationalization and indigenization move of our ©©Havelsan country in technology and software. During the ceremony will achieve significant efforts, particularly for other attended by the TAFF success with this strength Foundation companies. With cloud computing Deputy General Manager V. backed by Havelsan.” technology developed by Sadık PİYADE and Aspilsan While Havelsan General Havelsan and put into the and Havelsan Senior While Havelsan Vice Manager Ahmet Hamdi use of the Turkish Armed Executives, Havelsan Cloud President of the Board of ATALAY stated that Forces Foundation for the Computing technology was Directors Mustafa ŞENOL Havelsan has undertaken first time, Aspilsan has tested and verified through stated that the cloud a crucial task in increasing had the opportunity to the live connections made computing technology that the software localization renew its server rooms and to Aspilsan's Ankara and is secured by Havelsan’s rate in our country; Aspilsan network infrastructure, Istanbul offices. own cyber security products General Manager Ferhat to obtain the installation is an extremely reliable, ÖZSOY said that with and maintenance services Acting General manager indigenous and national Havelsan Cloud Computing for its network devices, to of TAFF V. Sadık PİYADE solution, Aspilsan President Technology, they now have obtain services over a fiber highlighted his confidence of the Executive Board İlhan access to the requested files line for its servers with the in Havelsan that it will BÖLÜK said that he believes and software applications move of servers to Havelsan successfully implement the this cooperation intended wherever and whenever facilities, and to manage all Cloud Computing Service for the national technology they want, regardless of its campuses from a single also in Aspilsan and said, “I will set an example for all location. point. have no doubt that Aspilsan domestic and national New Generation EO/ IR Targeting Pod Development Workshop The 'New Generation security forces officials. EO/IR Targeting Pod During the workshop, the Development Workshop' existing capabilities and was held at Aselsan studies for the targeting facilities by the Presidency pod, which is planned to of Defense Industries be developed for use in surveillance and targeting development of the ‘New and Aselsan with the air platforms, were shared, were evaluated. In this Generation EO/IR Targeting participation of the Turkish and the needs of users context, project studies Pod’. Armed Forces and other regarding reconnaissance- have been initiated for the

108 FNSS Achieves Another First with KAPLAN MT (Harimau) The Medium Weight production started at Class Tank KAPLAN MT, FNSS facilities. A total of 18 ©©FNSS developed by FNSS jointly KAPLAN MT tanks will be as the first project which “not possible” and we have with the company PT produced within the scope was launched within the satisfied user demands in Pindad, the Indonesian of the agreement, 10 of framework of Defense a short period of time in State Defense Corporation, which will be produced in Industry Cooperation the design, qualification has successfully completed Turkey and the remaining Agreements signed and serial production all the qualification tests 8 will be produced in in between Indonesia and processes of tracked of the Indonesian army Indonesia. Turkey. and wheeled armored and has qualified for serial The KAPLAN MT Project, to vehicles. At this stage, production. FNSS General Manager be realized by a technology we are proud to be able and CEO K. Nail KURT: With the joint production transfer model from FNSS to fulfill our commitment “The Indonesia Kaplan agreement signed during to PT Pindad, attracts for adding value to our MT project also gains the IDEF fair last May, attention in terms of being stakeholders once again importance in terms of which became effective the first export agreement with the comprehensive the fact that we have in December of the same of Turkey in the Middle international technology implemented many firsts year, the activities for mass Weight Class Tank and transfer we have made for that were referred to as the fourth time.” More than 200,000 Pistols Delivered Under the ÖYTG Project! Project exceeded 200,000. Sarsılmaz also won a tender the Turkish Armed Forces Under the ÖYTG project from the Turkish National (TAF), while the TP9SF more than 280,000 pistols Police for the delivery of METE, which lacks a safety According to the Presidency will be manufactured, more 40,000 SAR 9 pistols in latch, enters the service of Turkish Defense than 180,000 by Sarsılmaz addition to ones that were of the Turkish National Industries (SSB) under the and 100,000 by SYS.” ordered under the ÖYTG Police (TNP, 29,700 pieces Indigenous Local Handgun Project. in three batches of 10,000, Sarsılmaz was initially Development (ÖYTG) 10,000 and 9,700). Both selected by the SSB under Within the scope of the Project more than 200,000 models are equipped with the ÖYTG Project and ÖYTG Project, SYS was METE pistols manufactured a striker mechanism and a secured an order for the contracted to deliver by Sarsılmaz and Samsun single action trigger, and delivery of a total of 110,242 100,000 METE-S and Yurt Savunma (SYS, CANIK) are delivered with three 9mm SAR 9 METE pistols to METE pistols. On June 18, have been delivered to the magazines each, 1 x 15 round the Turkish Land and Naval 2018 SYS completed the Turkish Armed Forces (TAF) and 2 x 18 round capacities. Forces as well as to the deliveries of the first batch and the Turkish National In accordance with the Turkish Coast Guard and TP9SF METE-S pistols to Police (TNP). contract, awarded by the National Police (Security the Turkish Naval Forces SSB on February 7, 2018, the The SSB shared the latest General Directorate). With (will procure a total of 8,700 company manufactured status of the ÖYTG Project the follow-on contract the TP9SF METE-S pistols) and delivered 45,000 on its official Twitter number of METE pistols to under the ÖYTG Project. The pistols for the ÖYTG Project account on March 15, be delivered by Sarsılmaz company developed two by the end of 2018. SYS also 2020 with the following has been increased to different models within the delivered 2,500 pistols in statement: “The delivery over 180,000. According scope of the ÖYTG Project: March 2018 to the Turkish number of METE pistols to contract, Sarsılmaz will the Type-A (TP9SF METE-S) Air Force (TurAF) under produced by Sarsılmaz and deliver 30,142 SAR 9 METE and Type-B (TP9SF METE). a direct procurement SYS within the scope of the pistols in 2018, 55,300 The TP9SF METE-S, which contract awarded in 2017. Indigenous Local Handgun pistols in 2019 and 24,800 is equipped with a safety Development (ÖYTG) pistols during 2020-2022. catch, is being delivered to

109 Qualification Tests of KTJ-3200 Engine Still Ongoing by İbrahim SÜNNETCİ According to the information we obtained, the final test of KTJ-3200 Turbojet Engine, which was developed by Kale ArGe to be used within the scope of Stand-off Precision Guided Munition (SOM) Project (Turkey's first national Air- Launched Cruise Missile - ALCM), was conducted successfully in the first half of January 2020.

During the test conducted ©©Defence Turkey at Kale ArGe Development and Test Center which comprising a High Altitude production activities of “It will be utilized primarily incorporated Turkey's and Flight Speed Test, which were carried out by in SOM Missiles. Before first and only Altitude Test were performed in the Roketsan. the end of 2020, we plan System, successful results first half of 2019 and the to conduct firing tests on were obtained with the related videos were shared So far, a total of US$ these missiles. Then the KTJ-3200 Turbojet Engine, with visitors on the LCD 50 million has been serial production can start which is technologically screen at the company’s allocated for the design for 100+”, said OKYAY. 100% indigenous and booth during the IDEF ‘19. and development of the national. Thus, another In addition, the KTJ-3200 KTJ-3200 Turbojet Engine, Two KTJ-3200 Turbojet important milestone has is qualified by subjecting led by the Presidency of Engine prototypes, in been achieved within to many different tests Defense Industries (SSB), operating state, were the scope of the Turbojet such as endurance, water and half of this amount has planned to be delivered Engines Development ingestion, distortion and been funded by the SSB to the SSB in June 2016 Project, the contract of environmental tests. and the other half by Kale (previously announced as which was signed on ArGe. In one of his previous April 2016) for flight testing, February 22, 2012 and Within 2020, the statements, Kale Group Vice but the delivery date was initiated on April 13, 2012 qualification of the KTJ- President Osman OKYAY later updated to the end of and the first engine start 3200 Engine is planned said that the KTJ-3200 2017 and then to the first test was carried out on to be completed and it is engine, which can reach half of 2018. A Kale R&D September 19, 2013. expected to take its place 38,000 rpm and generate official, whom we had the Qualification Tests will in the TAF inventory to be 900hp, exploded 5 times opportunity to meet at continue in upcoming days. used in the SOM Cruise during the development the SAHA Expo 2018 Fair Missile Family, which was process, but they have held in Istanbul between The KTJ-3200 is Turkey’s first developed by TÜBİTAK successfully completed all September 13-15, 2018, national turbojet engine SAGE and the serial of the challenging tests. stated that the delivery of optimized for use especially the KTJ-3200 to the SSB on cruise missiles as well could be realized as of late as unmanned platforms 2018 or early 2019. such as target drones and etc. The engine had The KTJ-3200 Turbojet previously demonstrated Engine is planned to its performance under have a service life for 17 different altitude/speed hours and has a 3.2kN conditions in 2019, with the thrust producing capacity utilization of the Altitude and an alternator with Test System. The KTJ- a 6kVA capacity for the 3200, using the Altitude production of electrical Test System, various tests Altitude Test Chamber energy to be required in

110 Turkish Aerospace Receives Long- Term Export Award Defence Turkey Defence © © the SOM ALCM. For Bearing in ATMACA Block-I and lubrication, the KTJ-3200 Block-II Surface-to-Surface Turbojet Engine uses the Guided Missiles currently fuel lubrication technique powered by the TR40. ©©Turkish Aerospace just like the TR40 Turbojet Engine with a 2.5kN-3.4kN Although designed in the March 7, 2020. Turkish innovation and technology (560lb to 750lb) thrust French style like the TR40, Aerospace was deemed as the fundamental capacity, which is still the KTJ-3200 does not have worthy of the “Long-Term element and continues used in the SOM Missiles. full interchangeability with Export Award” at the uninterrupted efforts This method significantly the TR40; therefore, several Stars of Export/Turkey’s geared toward meeting increases the lifespan of modifications are required Hidden Champions Award the objective to become the engine. The KTJ-3200, on the SOM for the KTJ- Ceremony organized by one of the world's top 10 which can operate with JP8 3200 integration. There the Dünya Newspaper. companies in the aerospace and JP10 synthetic liquid are some key differences At the award ceremony, industry. Turkish Aerospace, jet fuels, has a four-stage in the turbojet engine Turkish Aerospace President which is closely followed in axial compressor like the design between the US and CEO Temel KOTİL our country and the world French Safran Power Units and French styles. Since the received the award from due to its indigenous TR40 Turbojet Engine. turbojet engines designed the Chairman of Turkish products, has increased its Monolithic (single-piece) in accordance with the Exporters Assembly İsmail turnover by 265% in the last machined rotors are used US style do not have a GÜLLE. 2 years, to TL 3.4 billion with in the compressor section separate Engine Control the R&D investments it has Held for the 18th time since of the KTJ-3200 Turbojet Unit (ECU), the power pack realized. 2002, the Stars of Export/ Engine, which consists is in one piece/unit, while Turkey’s Hidden Champions Continuing its activities of three main sections, the French style engines Award Ceremony was for the development of Compressor, Combustion have a separate ECU, and organized in Istanbul. indigenous products with Chamber and Turbine. the power pack consists of According to 2019 Turkish R&D investments and Indigenously designed and two separate units. Since Exporters Assembly data, having received many produced, the KTJ-3200 the control algorithms Turkish Aerospace became national and international Turbojet Engine is 77cm in in the US style turbojet the first company that awards so far, Turkish length, 30cm in diameter, engines are embedded on continuously increased its Aerospace continues to and has a total weight of the missile task computer, exports with an average of serve as a model in Turkey's 50kg. The KTJ-3200 engine the manufacturer itself 14.9% annually in the last aerospace and defense can generate 900hp/3.2kN develops the control decade and was awarded industry with the "Long- of thrust and is designed for algorithms for the missile. with the "Long-Term Export Term Export Award". a flight altitude of 5,000m On the other hand, since Award". and 0.95 Mach (1,095km/ turbojet engines designed according to the French hr) flight speed. While the Turkish Aerospace style, for example the TR40s engine's running time on combines domestic and have a separate ECU, and cruise missiles is given national resources with high Turkish Aerospace Turkish ©

several modifications are © as 15-30 minutes, this technology and is one of the required for the missile's duration can be further world's top 100 aerospace avionic equipment and developed depending on and defense companies in design, as well as for the the requirement and the terms of global competition. placement if a US style platform to be used. The Turkish Aeropsace positions KTJ-3200 can also be used engine is used.

111 Winners of METU 17th International Robot Days Announced February 25, 2020. from Marmara University METU 17th International came in third. Robot Days, sponsored by STM, one of the In the Autonomous leading companies of UAV - Computerized the defense industry with Vision Category, Konya ©©METU its innovative solutions, Technical University RAC-LAB team came brought together While the top three the two days with a first with "RAC-LAB thousands of young winners received TL program full of science Tuğberk". Ankara people interested in the 15,000, TL 10,000, and and technology. University Kusbegi team world of robotics. TL 5,000 awards, each with "Kolbala", Hacettepe team that was awarded STM, the main METU 17th International University Robotic Group honorable mention sponsor of METU 17th Robot Days, which was Autonomous Drone Team received TL 3,750. International Robot sponsored this year with "Buraya Bakarlar", Days aims to publicize by STM, a company robot technology and that develops critical ©©METU carries out activities to technologies under expand the impact of the leadership of the its efforts with its young Presidency of Defense and dynamic vision. Industries (SSB), hosted STM organizes a wide another exciting range of activities from competition this year. competitions to training, High school and college from projects to events in students from different order to raise awareness, cities accross Turkey creating a spark of showed their talents inspiration within the during the event that scope of its activity fields took place at the METU Karabük University METU International to contribute to the Cultural and Congress KBUİHA team with Robot Days organized development of future of Center on February 22-23. "KBUİHA Tulpar" and free workshops and Turkey’s qualified human It was an event organized Mehmet ŞANSAL from interesting robot shows resources. for the promotion and METU with "Ayasoft" and hosted nearly 8 expansion of robotics were worthy of honorable thousand visitors during throughout Turkey. mention.

In the competitions lasted for two days and where 2,500 people attended, the “Bürküt” drone of the Kusbegi team from Ankara University was the champion in the Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle - Autopilot Category, the drone of the HU-35 team from METU was the second and the drone of the DRONTEAM.

İO team named “Frank” ©©METU

112 Teknopark Istanbul Prepping for the Establishment of Turkey's first Cyber Security Incubation Center Teknopark Istanbul is the seconds, on average 2,244 Turkish defense industry’s times a day. According to innovation center and it these rates, the need for is getting ready to host cyber security experts has Turkey's first Cyber Security increased worldwide by Incubation Center. The 700% during the period center, which will host of 2016 and 2019. Again, initiatives conducting according to research Istanbul Teknopark Istanbul ©

studies on deep technology Turkey is the 5th most © based cyber security ideas, cyberattacked country in Bilal TOPÇU - General Manager of Teknopark Istanbul is expected to become the world. All such figures operational in 2021. Over necessitate that our country ecosystem to the cyber Turkey is less-than-ideal on TL 70 million has been has to develop its own cyber security ecosystem. Cyber a global scale. In this center, invested for the Cyber response system. In order security has been dealt with we will host entrepreneurs Security Incubation Center to achieve this, indigenous as an issue in public policies that have brand new ideas to be established in an ideas need to be developed of many countries and there that will realize indigenous area that will span 2,000 and supported. Teknopark are very effective models and national projects to square meters in the Cube Istanbul will focus on of the center that we will contribute to minimizing Incubation building, which efforts to overcome such establish here as well, they the impact of cyberattacks is under construction within cyberattacks against our are seen in countries such against our country. We will the scope of the 3rd Stage country with domestic as UK, Israel, offer our entrepreneurs buildings of Teknopark solutions at the new cyber and Estonia. Though there training and mentoring Istanbul. The center security Incubation Center. are 70 start-ups working in opportunities, at no cost, on will host entrepreneurs the field of cyber security business plan preparation, operating in the field of Indigenous in Turkey, only 5 of them successful presentation cyber security. They will Cyber Security are registered in the global techniques, marketing focus on the objective of Ideas will be database. The amount and finance. Furthermore, developing technology Supported of investment made to free of charge consultancy to support 15 initiatives Attentively entrepreneurs in the field services will be available that are focused on doing of cyber security around for our entrepreneurs in business internationally Bilal Topçu, General the world exceeded US$ 7 accessing the financial within a period of 6 Manager of Teknopark billion as of 2019, whereas in support that they need and months and a total of 30 Istanbul said, “We take our country the investment they will be advised on how initiatives annually. In the responsibility for our in 2019 amounted to to expand their business by center, entrepreneur and country by transferring around US$ 102 million. benefiting from investor entrepreneur groups will the knowhow in the It can easily be seen that meetings.” be able to benefit from entrepreneurship the investment amount in opportunities such as office, online/offline training, mentoring, laboratory, clean room infrastructure and technical consultancy for free or at a very low cost.

Cyber security is a crucial area across the globe. Looking at the statistics, there is an attack every 39

113 STM Announces New Cyber Threat Status Report In 2020, Cyber Attacks are expected to mostly affect the health sector. Critical infrastructures, industrial systems, mobile devices, election data, loT devices are also at risk.

Putting its signature damage will increase, and target of attacks and cyber Harmful software which under important projects intangible damage will espionage campaigns. imitates one of the most and domestic products reach a crucial level with preferred browsers Chrome in the field of cyber the threat of the disclosure Turkey being and one of the popular security in Turkey, STM's of critical data such as targeted with electronic book reading Technological Think- blood values and DNA e-government applications “E-Book Tank Center "ThinkTech" information. The report deceptions! Reader”, in addition to the announced the new Cyber also noted that attacks e-Government app was Threat Status Report on medical systems STM's new report has found to have threatened covering the period of used in the healthcare revealed that the use many users. October-December 2019. industry continue be at of fake e-government The report highlighted the risk because of exposure applications, which is a Credit card cyber threats that occurred to the ransomware attack system frequently used details disclosed! in 2019, and new cyber- in 2019. by the citizens of the More than 455,000 credit attacks predicted for 2020. Republic of Turkey, is a new In the report attention is method of cyber attackers. card details of Turkish STM Experts have been drawn to the increase in The most striking and banks were put up for examining cyber threats the attacks on electronic dangerous attack in the sale on the "dark web" last and cyber incidents caused election studies, it fake applications category year. This cyber security by these threats and has emphasized that wireless during the the last quarter incidents were observed in shared their insight with network attacks will be was a malware that imitates the last quarter of 2019. The the public throughout seen more often due to the “e-Government” Cyber Threat Status Report the year. A declaration the emergence of new application, where almost analyzed the leak which was made that the health threats and vulnerabilities everyone has access to occurred between October sector will be affected the upon the implementation their personal information. 28 and November 27, and most in 2020, and that of 5G technology that is This phishing attack which announced that the leak attack campaigns against expected to be introduced targeted Turkey took place was due to online service critical infrastructures and in 2020. While fake in the Play Store for a short platforms, not banks, since industrial systems such as applications threatening while in September of last the card details belong to energy, communication mobile devices and cloud year. different banks. and transportation will also systems also remain on the Modems in our face risks. The Cyber Threat agenda this year, smart The rise in the number of Status Report predicts devices used in daily life fake applications today homes at risk! increases the danger. that the material size of are becoming the new The Cyber Threat Status

114 Report warns against Mirai malware, which contains Turkish Defense & Aerospace many threats against modems as well as IoT Industry Performance First Two devices. In the Mirai attack, the newly variant of the Months of 2020 harmful Gafgyt software detected in 2019, allows Turkey is able to sell its the device to be hijacked NATO-standard compliant, and run remotely. This state-of-the-art indigenous technique increases risk to products at a cheaper price small business and home compared to the normal routers. According to the market prices, and more report, there are more than importantly along with 32,000 Wi-Fi routers in the technology transfer and world that are potentially local production options, vulnerable to such exploits. Turkey notably increased For protection against its arms exports (specifically such malware, security armored vehicles, naval updates of modems need vessels/boats and weapon figures Turkey has realized Germany (US$38,229 to be made, or upgraded, systems) during 2013 - 2019 US$2,741 Billion worth of Million), UAE (US$26,091 if appropriate. Taking and this trend is expected to defense and aerospace Million), India (US$23,984 precautions against the last also in 2020. exports to 164 countries Million), the Netherlands security gaps of the Zigbee around the globe in 2019. (US$16,305 Million), Thanks to its steadily protocol, one of the most The annual turnover of Qatar (US$12,728 Million), increasing export figures, common and important the Turkish Defense & (US$12,062 Turkey is also progressing wireless communication Aerospace Industry also rose Million), Saudi Arabia on the list of the 25 largest technologies used on IoT to the US$9 Billion level in (US$11,354 Million), the major arms exporters of devices, is also of great 2019. The exports of Turkish UK (US$8,653 Million) and the world during recent importance to protect the Defense and Aerospace Azerbaijan (US$8,364 years. According to data privacy of users. Industry are expected to Million). collected by the Stockholm exceed US$3 Billion by the International Peace Be Cautious end of 2020. As it was pointed out in the about smart Research Institute (SIPRI), “Strategic Plan 2019-2023,” devices leaking while it was the 25th largest According to TIM figures, document, which was exporter in 2011 during 2015- the total arms exports published by the Presidency personal 2019, with a share of 0.8% information! carried out by the Turkish of Defense Industries Turkey ranked 14th on the Defense & Aerospace (SSB), the procurement list of the 25 largest major It is estimated that there Industry soared by 5% authority under the Turkish arms exporters in the world. will be 20 billion IoT during the first two months Presidency, in December of 2020 and reached 2019, the Turkish Defense devices in the world in Emerging as a new arms US$348,697 Million. With a and Aerospace Industry’s 2020 and there is also exporter the Turkish Defense total of US$135,085 Million annual turnover is targeted a big threat regarding & Aerospace Industry has in purchases North America/ to rise to US$26,9 Billion in the leak of sensitive and managed to put 5 firms US countries took the lion’s 2023, from US$8,761 Billion personal data. According (Aselsan [52nd], TUSAŞ share in Turkish Defense in 2018. According to the to the report, data breach [69th], STM [85th], BMC & Aerospace Industry’s “Strategic Plan 2019-2023,” tests at two separate [85th] and Roketsan [89th]) exports, followed by EU document Turkey also plans laboratories in the UK and on the world’s 100 largest countries with US$84,813 to boost its defense and the US revealed that some defense companies in 2019. Million and Middle East aerospace (both military of the devices received According to export figures countries with US$62,187 and commercial) exports unexpected video and revealed by the Defense Million in purchases. to US$10.2 Billion (from audio recordings. In and Aerospace Exporters’ addition, it was observed US$2,188 Billion in 2018) Association (SSI) and the According to TIM’s data as that 56% of the devices by 2023. As indicated in Turkish Exporters’ Assembly of February 29, 2020 the tested in the US and 83.8% the “Strategic Plan 2019- (TIM), the Turkish Defense list of the top 10 countries in the UK interacted with 2023” the share of domestic and Aerospace Sector that imported defense and devices or applications procurement should reach increased exports by 34.6% aerospace products from outside their particular 75% by the end of 2023, up during 2019 compared Turkey is composed of; the region. from 65% in 2018. to 2018. According to the US (US$131,257 Million),

115 PNS YARMOOK Commissioning Ceremony of Offshore Patrol Vessel The Pakistan Navy has Damen will deliver the commissioned a 2,300 Ton Second vessel PNS Corvette PNS YARMOOK TABUK (Designate) in (F-271) – a Damen OPV May of this year. The PNS 1900 – in a ceremony YARMOOK is capable held at Constanta Port, of performing a variety Romania on the 13th of of maritime operations February 2020. Attending and can transport both the event was Vice Admiral a helicopter and a UAV. Muhammad Fayyaz Gilani The ship can launch two HI (M), Vice Chief of the high speed RHIBs of 11.5 Naval Staff as Chief Guest. meters and 6.5 meters The ceremony was also simultaneously and it attended by teams from also has the capability to ©©Damen Shipyards the Ministry of Defense accommodate two TEUs borders. The Chief Guest vessels for the defense Production Rawalpindi, for special mission-based also acknowledged and security segment, Chief Naval Overseer operations. the professional including the last seven (Romania) and senior competence of Damen complex naval vessels management of Damen Speaking during the and the prospects of for the Royal Netherlands Shipyards Group. launching ceremony, the Chief Guest highlighted future cooperation in Navy, the Stefan cel Mare Damen signed the the importance of the delivering cutting-edge offshore patrol vessel, contract with the Ministry Project for the Pakistan naval technologies to the and the flagship of the of Defence Production for Navy and stated that the Pakistan Navy. Romanian Border Police, two multipurpose OPVs vessels will significantly showing time and time Damen constructed for the Pakistan Navy on enhance the Pakistan again that is a trustworthy the PNS YARMOOK at the 30th of June 2017 Navy’s capability to and highly capable its yard in Galati. The following a tender process. safeguard its maritime international player in yard has built nearly 40 naval shipbuilding.

©©Damen Shipyards

116 Airbus A400M Transports Masks to Spain in Support of COVID-19 Crisis Efforts Continues the Militarization Airbus © © of the H160 and its Support Framework On February 6, 2020 Airbus Helicopters disclosed that together with the French Armament General Directorate (DGA) they are pursuing a new set of studies to further the An Airbus A400M airlifter has militarization of the H160 and performed an air-bridge between to define its associated support

Toulouse and Madrid in order to ecosystem in the frame of the ©©Airbus deliver critically needed mask Joint Light Helicopter Program supplies to the Spanish health (Hélicoptère Interarmées Léger: will provide us with all the levers system. HIL) This contract launches pre- necessary to ensure a high level development activities for the of availability at the H160M’s The aircraft, known as MSN56 and military version of the H160, also entry into service in the French operated by an Airbus crew, took off called the Guépard by the French Armed Forces,” said Alexandra on 23rd March 2020 from Airbus’ Armed Forces, in order to meet CROS, Vice President and Head headquarters in Toulouse at 18.07 the delivery schedule that was of Governmental Affairs France local time (CET) landing at the Getafe brought forward in May 2019 by at Airbus Helicopters. “The Air Base (Madrid) at 19.05 to off-load the French Minister of Armed studies build upon the work and and deliver the masks to the Spanish Forces, Florence PARLY. commitments taken recently in Ministry of Defense. the global support contracts The new set of studies will also for the Cougar, Caracal, and The cargo is part of the approximately focus on defining the optimal Tiger fleets of the French Armed 2 million masks transported over set-up for supporting the tri- Forces”. the weekend by a test Airbus A330- service H160M fleet. Airbus 800 aircraft from Tianjin, China, to Helicopters, Safran Helicopter The H160 was designed to be Europe. Engines, and the DGA will work a modular helicopter, enabling closely together in order to its military version, with a single “We will continue to support maximize the availability rate platform, to perform missions with additional flights planned of the helicopters, as well as ranging from commando to take place in the coming days optimizing the cost of supporting infiltration to air intercept, fire in coordination with national the fleet. support, and anti-ship warfare authorities” made by written in order to meet the needs of statement of Airbus press office. “Launching this collaborative the army, the navy and the air work between Industry and the force through the HIL Program. This air-bridge will enable the Ministry of the Armed Forces Bringing the launch of the HIL delivery of a significant supply of in order to define the support Program forward to 2021 will masks to the Spanish public health framework for the Guépard and enable the first deliveries to network in support of current the associated processes, as be made to the French Armed COVID-19 crisis efforts. early as the pre-development Forces in 2026. phase, is essential. The output

117 BAE Systems will Develop Next Generation IR Seeker for the THAAD Weapon System In February 2020 BAE Systems Systems’ seeker provides infrared was awarded a contract from imagery that guides interceptors Lockheed Martin to design and to their intended targets, manufacture the next-generation destroying enemy warheads infrared seekers for the Terminal inside or outside the Earth’s High Altitude Area Defense atmosphere. The company has Bell Boeing (THAAD) Weapon System, been developing and producing providing critical targeting missile defense seeker technology CMV-22B technology that helps protect for more than four decades and the U.S. and its allies from ballistic has delivered more than 500 Osprey missiles. The sensor design work THAAD seekers to date. will improve the missile defense Successfully system's ability to neutralize THAAD is an integral part of the more threats and improve its U.S. Missile Defense Agency Completes manufacturability. (MDA)’s mission to field an integrated, layered, ballistic First Flight “The THAAD seeker is a key missile defense system. Its high- product in our precision munitions altitude intercept capability January 21, 2020, the first CMV-22B portfolio that's recognized for its mitigates the effects of enemy Osprey, built by Boeing [NYSE: BA] and proven intercept capabilities. It weapons before they reach the Bell Textron Inc., a Textron Inc. company, demonstrates our ability to deliver ground, and its non-explosive completed first flight operations at Bell’s advanced targeting and guidance kinetic impact minimizes the risk Amarillo Assembly Center. The CMV-22B systems for critical precision of detonation. THAAD is a highly is the latest variant of the tiltrotor fleet, munitions,” said Barry YEADON, effective system for addressing joining the MV-22 and CV-22 used by THAAD Program Director at ballistic missile threats. the U.S. Marine Corps and U.S. Air Force. BAE Systems.” This award is a The U.S. Navy will use the CMV-22B testament to our ongoing success BAE Systems’ THAAD seekers to replace the C-2A Greyhound for with the program and enables us are assembled, integrated, and transporting personnel, mail, supplies to advance our proven design and tested at the company's facilities and high-priority cargo from shore bases take the program into the future in Nashua, New Hampshire and to aircraft carriers at sea. Bell Boeing in support of the Missile Defense Endicott, New York. Portions of designed the Navy variant specifically Agency's mission.” the design work for the next- generation seeker technology for carrier fleet operations by providing The THAAD Weapon System will be conducted in Huntsville, increased fuel capacity for the extended intercepts hostile ballistic missiles Alabama, where the company range requirement. The mission flexibility with kinetic force during their final, is actively hiring and building a of the Osprey will increase operational or terminal, phase of flight. BAE state-of-the-art facility. capabilities and readiness, in addition to ferrying major components of the F-35 engine.

“With the ability to travel up to 1,150 nautical miles, the CMV-22B will be a lifeline for our servicemen and women out at sea,” said Kristin HOUSTON, vice president, Boeing Tiltrotor Programs and director, Bell Boeing V-22 Program. “The quality and safety built into this aircraft will revolutionize the way the U.S. Navy fulfills its critical carrier onboard delivery mission.”

Bell Boeing will deliver the first CMV-22B to Air Test and Evaluation Squadron (HX) 21 in early 2020 for developmental test.

118 Lockheed Martin Elects James D. TAICLET as President and CEO Marillyn A. HEWSON to Become Executive Chairman The Board of Directors leadership team at the commitment of Marillyn Martin more than 30 years of Lockheed Martin helm," said Hewson. "I'm and Lockheed Martin ago and took on roles of have elected James D. pleased the board agreed employees to deliver for its increasing responsibility in TAICLET, 59, as president with my recommendation. customers," said TAICLET. engineering and program and CEO, effective June As Lockheed Martin's next "As a military veteran, I management before 15. TAICLET will continue CEO, Jim will lead the understand the mission joining the corporation's to serve as a member company forward in its of this great company to executive leadership of the corporation's next phase of growth and provide global security team. Most recently, he board, which he joined value creation." and innovative solutions has served as executive in 2018. He has served for the brave men and vice president of RMS and as chairman, president Prior to joining American women who protect our prior to that as executive and CEO of American Tower in 2001, TAICLET was freedom." vice president of Missiles Tower Corporation since president of Honeywell and Fire Control. 2004 and CEO since Aerospace Services, Frank A. St. John, 53, the 2003. During that time, a unit of Honeywell current executive vice Hill has served as senior American Tower grew International, and prior to president of Lockheed vice president, Enterprise significantly and increased that he was vice president, Martin's Rotary and Business Transformation, its market capitalization engine services at Pratt & Mission Systems (RMS) where she led the from approximately $2 Whitney, a unit of United business, was elected corporation's Digital billion to approximately Technologies Corporation. by the board to serve as Transformation and $100 billion. TAICLET He also previously was a chief operating officer. Enterprise Information guided the company's consultant at McKinsey & Stephanie C. HILL, 55, Technology teams. Prior transformation from a Company, specializing in senior vice president, to that, HILL was deputy primarily U.S. business to a telecommunications and Enterprise Business executive vice president global player in its industry, aerospace strategy and Transformation, was of RMS and senior vice with significant assets and operations. TAICLET began appointed to succeed St. president for corporate operations in 19 countries. his career as a United John as executive vice strategy and business States Air Force officer president, RMS. Their development. She held TAICLET will succeed and pilot and served a appointments are also positions of increasing Marillyn A. HEWSON, tour of duty in the Gulf effective June 15. responsibility since joining 66, who has served as War. He holds a master's Lockheed Martin in 1987 as chairman, president degree in public affairs Reporting to the new CEO a software engineer. and CEO since 2014 and from Princeton University, and president, the COO president and CEO since where he was awarded a will be responsible for the "Marillyn and the board 2013. Hewson will become fellowship at the Woodrow strategic, operational and have been focused on executive chairman of Wilson School and is a financial performance of developing talent and the board, also effective distinguished graduate all the corporation's lines of ensuring a high-quality June 15, subject to her re- of the United States Air business. All four-business succession plan," said election to the board by Force Academy with area executive vice Dan AKERSON, Lockheed the stockholders at the degrees in engineering presidents – Aeronautics, Martin's lead director. upcoming annual meeting. and international relations. Rotary and Mission "On behalf of the board Systems, Space and and our shareholders, "I know it is the right "I'm honored to be asked Missiles and Fire Control – we would like to thank time to transition the to succeed one of the will report to the COO. This Marillyn for demonstrating leadership of Lockheed most respected CEOs in includes the corporation's a strong commitment to Martin. The corporation America. While serving entire portfolio of products the customer, shaping is strong, as evidenced on Lockheed Martin's and capabilities, which the company's portfolio by our outstanding board, I've not only totaled almost $60 billion to meet the challenges financial results last year been impressed by the in sales in 2019 ---or which of today's global security and a record backlog of company's continued totals almost $ 60 billion environment and growing business. We have a bright growth as a leader in annually. the business and driving future – particularly with aerospace & defense but long-term sustainable Jim and our outstanding also by the dedication and St. John joined Lockheed growth."

119 USAF Orders 105 AN/APG-83 SABR AESA Radars for its F-16s On February 28, 2020 the U.S. Air Force (USAF) granted Northrop Grumman Northrop Grumman Northrop a US$262.28 Million © © contract for 15 examples of the SABR, which includes Engineering, Manufacturing and Development (EMD) and the production of 90 AN/ APG-83 Scalable Agile Beam Radars (SABR). The USAF announced on June 17, 2017, that it had selected the AN/APG-83 SABR to upgrade 72 F-16s to meet a Joint Emergent Operational Need 81, Northrop Grumman cooling requirements can operate in hostile raised by U.S. Northern developed the AN/APG- and connections in electronic environments Command for homeland 83 SABR as an active order to keep necessary and features all-weather, defense. electronically-scanned modifications to a high-resolution synthetic array (AESA) fire control minimum. A trial unit was aperture radar mapping, The USAF plans to keep radar that can be scaled test-flown in an F-16 at which presents the pilot 350 of its F-16 Block and tailored to meet a Edwards AFB, California, with a large surface image 40/42/50/52 aircraft number of applications in November 2009. enabling precision target through at least 2048 and including the replacement identification and strike. is putting them through of the mechanically- The greater bandwidth, a service-life extension scanned APG-66/68 speed, and agility of The launch customer for program (SLEP). As part radars fitted in the F-16s. Northrop Grumman’s AN/ AN/APG-83 was , of the SLEP the aircraft APG-83 SABR enables for its F-16V upgrade will undergo extensive In its F-16 configuration, the F-16 to detect, track program. The AN/APG- structural work—including the APG-83 SABR is and identify greater 83 SABR has also been re-winging in some cases— designed to be of similar numbers of targets faster selected by a growing to extend their service lives form-fit to the original and at longer ranges. number of international by 4,000 hours to 12,000. sensor, with similar power/ In addition, the radar customers and is the New avionics, and a new base radar for Lockheed AESA radar in particular, is Martin’s F-16 Block 70/72. a key element of the SLEP. Production of export AN/ The new avionics and new APG-83 SABR radars APG-83 SABR AESA radar started in 2016 and integrated on the aircraft Northrop Grumman began under the SLEP upgrade delivering production AN/ extends the operational APG-83 radars for its first viability and reliability international customer of the F-16 and provides on schedule at the end of pilots with 5th generation 2016. fighter radar capabilities As of January 2020, to counter and defeat more than 200 AN/ increasingly sophisticated APG-83 SABR systems threats. have been built at Drawing on experience Northrop Grumman’s with the F-22’s AN/APG- radar assembly facility Northrop Grumman Northrop © in Baltimore, for U.S. and

77 and F-35’s AN/APG- © international customers.

120 Ultra Continues Support of Electro- Future Combat Air Optical Tracking System Takes Major Systems for the UK Royal Navy Type 45 Step Forward 12 February 2020 – The • Unmanned systems governments of France and Remote Carrier (RC) with Germany have awarded Airbus as prime contractor Dassault Aviation, Airbus, and MBDA as main partner, together with their partners MTU Aero Engines, Safran, • Combat Cloud (CC) with MBDA and Thales, the initial Airbus as prime contractor framework contract (Phase and Thales as main partner, 1A), which launches the • Engine with Safran and demonstrator phase for the MTU as main partner. Future Combat Air System (FCAS). A Simulation Environment will be jointly developed between Ultra is pleased to announce its continued This framework contract the involved companies support of the Electro-optical tracking system covers a first period of 18 to ensure the consistency as part of Babcock’s UK Royal Navy Type 45 months and initiates work on between demonstrators. Destroyer ‘Gun System, Automation ‘(GSA9) in developing the demonstrators service support contract with the UK Ministry and maturing cutting- The launch of the of Defense. The three-year contract, with the edge technologies, with the Demonstrator Phase option for a two-year extension, will provide ambition to begin flight tests underlines the political support for all aspects of the electro-optical as soon as 2026. confidence and determination tracking system for GSA9. of the FCAS partner nations Since early 2019, the industrial Ultra’s Electro-optical tracking system is based and the associated industry to partners have been working on its proven Type 2500 design and employs move forward and cooperate on the future architecture the latest proven sensor and servo technologies, in a fair and balanced manner. as part of the program’s so- configured from a common set of commercially/ The increased momentum called Joint Concept Study. modified of the shelf (COTS / MOTS) baseline enables industry to deploy Now, the FCAS program modules. This modularity permits a system to the necessary resources and enters into another decisive be assembled to meet specific requirements best capabilities to develop phase with the launch of the without technical, delivery or price risk. this decisive European demonstrator phase. defense project. FCAS will Featuring high resolution video performance be the cornerstone project with extensive levels of automation requiring This phase will, as a first guaranteeing Europe’s future minimal operator intervention, the system step, focus on the main operational, industrial and simplifies operations throughout all stages of technological challenges per surveillance, detection, acquisition, tracking and domain: technological sovereignty. engagement. • Next Generation Fighter The next important step in Ultra’s electro-optical tracking systems operate (NGF), with Dassault the FCAS program will be the in all regions and climatic conditions, from arctic Aviation as prime onboarding of Spain and the to tropical waters and are installed on all classes contractor and Airbus as involvement of additional of vessel, from small patrol boats operating in main partner, to be the suppliers from Phase 1B coastal, offshore and EEZ patrol operations to core element of Future onwards, which will succeed major naval surface combatants, aircraft carriers Combat Air System, Phase 1A after its successful and auxiliaries operating in littoral and blue water conclusion. environments.

Mike WILLIAMS, Managing Director, Ultra CSS said: “Ultra is pleased to be engaged with Babcock in supporting this important frontline system and looks forward to delivering high levels of availability and service throughout the contract.”

121 MBDA Completes Second Test Firing of MARTE ER Anti-Ship Missile European missile house system, proximity fly-over MBDA, announced with fuse, with weapon controller a press release issued on and actuation system in ©©MBDA February 12, 2020 that they advanced configuration. have conducted the second The missile also featured of data. Flight data showed service with the Italian Navy test firing of the MARTE ER terminal guidance with a very good alignment with on its NFH90 and AW101 anti-ship missile at the PISQ new seeker, engineered simulation outcomes.” helicopters. The MARTE ER (Poligono Interforze del and developed by the MBDA missile weighs 315kg and is Salto di Quirra) test range in Seeker Division. “The MARTE ER program is 3.6m-long. Instead of a solid Sardinia in early February. progressing at full speed in The floating target was hit fuel rocket motor the MARTE According to a press release, order to meet our customers’ with an “almost zero” miss ER missile uses a turbojet by confirming the overall requirements and the full distance after a flight of engine. To be fitted with design and performance of integration of the MARTE ER about 100 km. The missile new Store Management the missile, this firing marks on the Eurofighter Typhoon pushed its envelope to the System (SMS) the NFH90 a critical milestone on the platform is proceeding at limit with several major and AW101 helicopters will development path of the pace in order to implement maneuvers including very able to operate both MARTE MARTE ER missile. an anti-ship capability onto low sea skimming at a very MK2/S and MARTE ER anti- the fighter.” Compared to the first high speed. ship missiles. With the ability to hit targets well beyond firing, which took place in Representing the 3rd MBDA said in a statement: a distance of 100km, the November 2018, several generation within the “Hitting the target MARTE ER missile is also additional features and MARTE Family of missile confirmed the perfect going to be integrated on functionalities were systems and is derived behavior of the missile the Eurofighter Typhon and tested. These included from the MARTE Mk2/S and the telemetry system other fast jets. an integrated navigation variant which is already in recorded a huge amount Northrop Grumman Successfully Demonstrates “On- The-Move” Ground Radar Capability In early March 2020, customer-validated sense Northrop Grumman on-the-move capability Corporation completed against an unmanned aerial a successful government vehicle. “This first-of-its-kind customer demonstration demonstration validated of the Highly Adaptable the sense on-the-move Multi-Mission Radar capability in concept for (HAMMR) System at Eglin the Department of Defense’s Air Force Base, Florida. IAMD enterprise and proved During the successful live fire that this capability can be demonstration, Northrop developed and fielded to Grumman used the HAMMR warfighters much sooner System, mounted on a High than anticipated,” said Mike ©©Northrop Grumman Mobility Multipurpose MEANEY, Vice President, Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV) Land and Maritime Sensors, Scanned Array (AESA) AN/ in either a 360-degree as an Integrated Air and Northrop Grumman. APG-83 F-16 fighter radar or sector-only staring Missile Defense (IAMD) in a ground-based, sense mode. HAMMR delivers sensor to detect and track Northrop Grumman’s on-the-move role. HAMMR the unprecedented an unmanned aerial vehicle HAMMR is a short-to provides robust multi- ability to provide force target. medium-range X-Band mission 3D performance protection while operating three-dimensional (3D) for air surveillance, weapon on the move, significantly The demonstration radar that utilizes the cueing and counter-fire increasing warfighter represents the first proven Active Electronically target acquisition missions survivability.

122 MBDA’s Sea Venom/ANL Anti-Ship Missile Succeeds in First Qualification Firing

MBDA successfully until hitting the target engage hostile vessels and France are sharing carried out the first with a very high degree amongst civilian assets, in defense – enhancing qualification firing trial of accuracy. even in congested littoral both nation’s sovereign of the Sea Venom/ANL environments and will capabilities in armaments helicopter-launched anti- This latest firing builds defeat a broad spectrum while reducing costs.” ship missile at the French upon two previous ones of targets including small Directorate General of that have all tested the fast-moving craft through The UK Royal Navy will use Armaments (DGA) Essais missile to the very edge of to larger ships – at sea or the Sea Venom/ANL on its de Missiles (DGA EM) its capability. The previous in port – as well as coastal AW159 Wildcat, replacing test site at Ile Du Levant firings demonstrated the land targets. Sea Skua, while France’s in the Mediterranean on Sea Venom/ANL’s lock on Marine Nationale will 20 February 2020. after launch (LOAL) and Éric BÉRANGER, MBDA operate the missile from lock on before launch CEO, said: “The Sea its future H160M Guépard The missile was launched (LOBL) capabilities. They Venom/ANL is the Light Joint Helicopter (HIL from a Dauphin helicopter also validated its low- first Anglo-French co- – Hélicoptère Interarmées close to the minimum altitude sea-skimming operation program to Léger). release height, reaching flight and its autonomous take full advantage of its cruise phase whilst guidance capability using our centers of excellence, The Sea Venom/ sea skimming at very images from its uncooled created following an Inter- ANL is a 110 kg-class low height. During its imaging infrared (IIR) Governmental Agreement high-subsonic missile terminal phase, the seeker. ratified by both nations’ (carrying a 30 kg semi- aircrew used images Parliaments in 2016. armor piercing blast/ from the infrared seeker The Sea Venom/ANL is a MBDA is putting full fragmentation warhead) – transmitted through purpose-built anti-ship effort into the successful designed to disable the datalink – to perform missile for the French implementation of the targets from fast-attack a successful manual aim and UK ’ shipborne Sea Venom/ANL program, craft up to corvette size, point refinement. The helicopters and is suitable recognizing it should and also offers capability missile then followed for a wide range of exemplify the benefits of against coastal and land this designated point platforms. It will safely the close co-operation UK targets.

123 USAF Purchases A-29S from SNC Sierra Nevada the warfighter and best and reconnaissance the A-29 has been Corporation (SNC), value to the U.S. taxpayer.” capabilities. For more selected by 14 air forces the global aerospace than a decade, U.S. including Afghanistan and national security The A-29 is the gold Special Forces have and Lebanon. The contractor owned by Eren standard of light sought to secure the A-29 is a versatile and and Fatih Ozmen, was attack combat and A-29 for close air support powerful turboprop awarded an undefinitized reconnaissance aircraft. and reconnaissance aircraft and is known for contracting action by the Work begins immediately operations. its rugged and durable U.S. Air Force to provide under this award in design, which allows it A-29 aircraft ground Jacksonville, Florida, and A-29 Super to perform operations support equipment, Centennial, Colorado. Tucano from unimproved pilot training (including Aircraft deliver in 2021, runways and at forward difference training and and training and support The A-29 Super Tucano operating bases in instructor pilot upgrade activities continue is the gold standard for austere environments training), contractor through 2024. light attack, combat and and rugged terrain. The logistic support, aircraft reconnaissance aircraft. A-29 is the only light The A-29 has already sparing and sustainment Built in the U.S. by Sierra attack aircraft in the been selected by 14 for the Combat Air Nevada Corporation world with a U.S. Air Force partner air forces around Advisor mission for Air and its partner, Embraer Military Type Certificate. the world to deliver cost- Force Special Operations Defense & Security, effective close air support Command.

“SNC is honored to build and deliver the combat- proven A-29 to the U.S. Air Force,” said Mark WILLIAMS, Vice President of aviation strategic plans and programs for SNC’s IAS business area. “The U.S Air Force will now have the opportunity to deploy the A-29 in support of U.S. and allied operations. This acquisition provides long- overdue capabilities to ©©SNC

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