DOCSLIB.ORG

Kedftining the PAST

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Kedftining the PAST KEDftINING THE PAST LSSdySin Diplomatic History in HonorofWilliam Applemanlliams William Appleman Williams REDEFINING THE PAST [ssdys in Diplomdtic History in HonorofWIIidm AppIemdnIIidms LI1tJ 1)\'Lt\'(I .irdn'r ri Oregon State University Press Corvallis, Oregon The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources. LibraryofCongress Cataloging in Publication Data Redefining the past. Bibliographies: p. Includes index. 1. United StatesForeign relations-2Oth century. 2. Williams, William Appleman. I. Williams, William Appleman. II. Gardner, Lloyd C., 1934- E744.R42 1986 327.73 86-8427 ISBN 0-897071-348-5 © 1986 Oregon State University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Contents Introduction vii Acknowledgments viii About theAut hors ix Part One William Appleman Williams: "Doing History is Best ofAll. No Regrets." 3 William G. Robbins "The Tragedy ofAmerican Diplomacy": Twenty-Five Years After 21 Bradford Perkins Revisionism Revisited 35 Ivan R. Dee William Appletnan Williams and the CrisisofPublic History 45 David W. Noble Part Two 63 Theories of Imperialism 65 Carl Parrini The Foreign Policy ofAntislavery, 1833-1846 85 Edward P. Crapol "Europe First" and its Consequences for the Far Eastern Policy of the United States 105 Fred Harvey Harrington The Evolutionofthe Monroe Doctrine from Monroe to Reagan 121 Walter LaFeber Herbert C. Hoover and the DreamofCapitalism in One Country 143 Patrick Hearden Freda Kirchwey: Cold War Critic 157 Margaret Morley TheAtomic Temptation, 1945-1954 169 Lloyd C. Gardner "Every System Needs a Center Sometimes" An Essay on Hegemony and Modern American Foreign Policy 195 Thomas McCormick WritingsofWilliam Appleman Williams A Bibliography 221 Notes 227 Index 255 Introduction History as a way of/earning has one additional value beyond establishing the nature of reality and posing the questions that arise from its complex- ities and contradictions. It can offer examples of how other men faced up to the difficulties and opportunities of their era. William Appleman Williams History as a Way of Learning The essays in this collection do not cluster about a specific theme, nor do they present a single unified interpretative approach to issues in the history of American foreign policy. Above all, William Appleman Williams is a teacher. And good teachers are disappointed with conformity. No one would ever come away from reading Williams without a complete aware- ness of just how little regard he has had for accepted truths, evenwhen it came to thathis own. With the publication of American-Russian Relations, 1781-1947(1952), a new voiceunwelcome to many at the height of the Cold Warchallenged the standard "Containment" world view. More remarkable, perhaps, than anything Williams wrote about American-Russian relations as such was his dramatic recasting of the "Containment" thesis as a reflection of general assumptions Americans held about the world and revolution. Once that connection had been made, the history of foreign policy could no longer exist in a vacuum, sealed off against contact with contaminants brought in from outside sources. Practitioners of the "old" diplomatic history had a rough time adjust- ing to Williams, in part because they were right: this was no longer their discipline. It had become, or was in the process of becoming, something quite different. Today, of course, Williams's influence has permeated the writing of American history, and not just the history of foreign policy. vii What characterizes contemporary historical inquiry is a desire to move beyond accepted answers, and accepted questions, in an effort to arrive at new formulations of both. Williams put down a skilled draftsman's pro- posal for accomplishing those goals. In the first section of this volume are essays which will introduce the reader to Williams and his work at much greater length. The second section offers a selection of writings by some of his co-workers, former students, and his own teacher at the University of Wisconsin. Lloyd C. Gardner Rutgers University February 1986 Acknowledgments Many people contributed to the realization of this project. Professor Darold Wax, Chairperson of the History Department at Oregon State University, initiated the whole ideaand has helped to guide it through to completion. His colleague, William Robbins, aside from contributing his own piece, was responsible for helping to "round up" the authors, and for coordinating my work with his own at the Corvallis end. Don E. Mcllvenna compiled the bibliography, assisted by Jean Franklin at the computer. Jo Alexander of the Oregon State University Press managed to take twelve disparate essays and weave them into a unified whole. My thanks to all of them, and to the individual authors who put aside other research and writing to get this project out in timely fashion. L.G. viii About the Authors Edward P. Crapol is Professor of History in the College of William and Mary. He received his Ph.D. at the University of Wisconsin in 1968. He is the author of A,nerjca for Americans: Economic Nationalism and Anglophobia in the Late Nineteenth Century (1973), and several articles on 19th century foreign relations. He is currently working on studies of American women and foreign policy. Ivan R. Dee took his B.J. and M.A. degrees at the University of Missouri. He is currently Director of Public Affairs at the Michael Reese Hospi- tal and Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois. After founding his own press in Macon, Georgia, Dee moved on to Quadrangle Books in 1961, and was its Editor-in-Chief for eleven years, the period of its greatest expansion as an independent voice in the corporate world of publishing. Lloyd C. Gardner received his Ph.D. from Wisconsin in 1960. Since 1963 he has been a member of the History Department at Rutgers University. His most recent publications are A Covenant with Power: America and World Order from Wilson to Reagan (1984) and Safe for Democracy: The A nglo-A merican Response to Revolution, 1913-1923 (1984). Fred Harvey Harringlon's Ph.D. is from New York University in 1937. A long and distinguished career in the History Department at the Univer- sity of Wisconsin devoted to both scholarship and institutional endeav- ors was capped by his being named president of that institution in 1962. He served in that post for eight years, and then as a program adviser in India, Sri Lanka, and Nepal for the Ford Foundation. Among his publications is God, Mammon, and the Japanese: Dr. Horace N. Allen and Korean-A merican Relations (1944). Patrick Hearden is a member of the History Department at Purdue University, and received his Ph.D. at Wisconsin in 1971. His first book, Independence and Empire (1982), concerned the economic im- pact of the "New South" on American diplomacy. He has recently completed a manuscript on American policy toward Hitler's Germany. lx Walter LaFeber is Noll Professor of History at Cornell University. He received his Ph.D. from Wisconsin in 1959. Author of the now classic America, Russia, and the Cold War, which has gone through several editions since it first appeared in 1966, LaFeber's most recent book is Inevitable Revolutions: The United States in CentralAmerica (1983). Thomas McCormick received his Ph.D. from Wisconsin in 1961 and is now Professor of History at his alma mater. His book, China Market: America's Quest for Informal Empire, 1893-1901 (1967) reinterpreted the "open door" policy. Author of several seminal articles, and collaborator with others in this collection in The Creationofthe American Empire (1973), McCormick is completing a study of Ameri- can policy in the Cold War. Margaret Morley teaches at Northern Arizona University. She received her Ph.D. at Wisconsin in 1972. Her dissertation was on Henry Clay and American foreign policy, a topic which remains a major scholarly interest for her. David W. Noble is Professor of American Studies and History at the University of Minnesota, where he has taught since 1952 after receiv- ing his Ph.D. at Wisconsin in that year. Recent books have been in collaboration with Peter Carroll and David Horowitz, The Free and the Unfree (1977) and Twentieth Century Limited (1980). His latest book, a study of the historians who shaped our thinking about the recent past, The End ofAmerican History, appeared in 1985. Carl Parrini took all his degrees at the University of Wisconsin. His Ph.D. came in 1963. He is currentlyProfessor of History at Northern Illinois University, and is the author of Heir to Empire: U. S. Eco- nomic Diplomacy 1916-1923 (1969) and several recent articles on investment theory and imperialism. Bradford Perkins, a specialist on American foreign policy in the early national period and later 19th century, is Professor of History at Michigan. He received his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1952. Over the suc- ceeding years he has published many books, including Castlereagh and Adams: England and the United States, 1812-1823 (1964) and The Great Rapprochement: England and the United States, 1895-1914(1968). William G. Robbins studied at several universities, taking his Ph.D. from the University of Oregon in 1969. Currently Professor of History at Oregon State University, Robbins is also editor of the Environmental Review. His books focus on western history. They include American Forestry: A HistoryofNational, State and Private Relations (1985) and Lumberjacks and Legislators: Political Economyofthe Lumber Industry, 1890-1941 (1982). A colleague of William Appleman Williams, he is a practicing marathoner. Part One The essays in Part One are concerned with evaluations of William Appleman Williams's impact on the teaching and writing of American history. William Robbins of Oregon State University offers an assessment of Williams's career at the University of Wisconsin and at Oregon State University, focusing not only on Williams's written works, but also on the ways he has influenced both students and colleagues.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Revolutionary Internationalism of the People's Republic Of
    The Revolutionary Internationalism of the People’s Republic of China in Vietnam, 1946-1973 June 2016 The Chinese Communist Party began its internationalist assistance to the Vietnamese revolution even before it liberated mainland China in 1949. This aid reached its highest levels in the late 1960s as 500, 000 U.S. troops were fighting in South Vietnam. Despite the triumph of revisionism in the Vietnam Workers Party in the late 1960s and obstruction by Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping in the early 1970s, Chinese military aid to both South and North Vietnam continued through 1973 with Mao’s support. During the Korean War from 1950-1953, the CCP and the Chinese People’s Volunteers defeated the serious threat of the U.S. military to Manchuria and to the Korean revolution. This victory allowed the People’s Republic to focus its military and economic aid on Vietnam on it southern flank. The Chinese Communist Party and the First Vietnam War, 1946-50 Even while civil war raged in China after World War II, units of the Vietminh (the League for the Independence of Vietnam) and the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) coordinated military operations against the French colonial rulers in Indochina. In 1946, after war broke out between the French and the Vietminh, a joint Vietnamese- Chinese unit, the Doc Lap Regiment, was created to engage in guerilla warfare in the Vietnamese-Chinese border area. As the forces of the Chinese Communist Party advanced in northern China in 1948, the PLA took part in operations with Vietminh units along the Vietnamese-Chinese border.
    [Show full text]
  • Was the Cold War Necessary? the Revisionist Challenge to Consensus History Norman M
    was the cold war necessary? the revisionist challenge to consensus history norman m. wilensky Nearly ten years ago, seventy-five distinguished students of American history participated in a poll measuring the performance of thirty-one presidents from George Washington to Dwight Eisenhower. Each par­ ticipant in the poll helped to place the presidents into five general categories: "Great/' "Near Great," "Average," "Below Average," and "Failure." One of the surprise rankings was the "Near Great" mark accorded to Harry Truman, ninth on the list. Only the five "Great" presidents—Lincoln, Washington, Franklin Roosevelt, Wilson and Jeffer­ son—and three "Near Great" executives—Jackson, Theodore Roosevelt and Polk—preceded Truman. John Adams and Grover Cleveland, who immediately followed Truman, completed the "Near Great" group. What qualities and achievements elevated Truman above many other presidents? He was, according to these historians, a strong executive who acted masterfully and farsightedly in foreign affairs. Summarizing the poll for his fellow historians, Arthur M. Schlesinger, Sr. noted that Tru­ man "discharged impressively the awesome obligations devolving on the United States as the leader of the free world in the cold war with Soviet Imperialism." The Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, the Berlin airlift, the Point Four program and the intervention in Korea "all con­ stituted landmarks in an assumption of global responsibilities undreamed of only a few years before." Yet, less than a decade after the poll, this estimate is being dramatically challenged by historians of the cold war.1 A recent book sharply critical of cold war policies as well as Truman's role is Rexford G.
    [Show full text]
  • Racing the Enemy Roundtable, Alperovitz on Hasegawa -1
    H-Diplo Roundtable- Racing the Enemy Roundtable , Alperovitz on Hasegawa Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Racing the Enemy: Stalin, Truman, and the Surrender of Japan (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005) Roundtable Editor: Thomas Maddux , CSU Northridge Roundtable Participants: Michael D. Gordin, Gar Alperovitz, Richard Frank, Barton Bernstein, David Holloway Commentary by Gar Alperovitz, University of Maryland, College Park Tsuyoshi Hasegawa’s new book Racing the Enemy is subtitled “Stalin, Truman and the Surrender of Japan,” and the author clearly believes a central contribution to be the emphasis he gives to the concept of a “race” between Truman and Stalin as World War II in the Pacific drew to a close. Hasegawa does offer important new insights in connection with this issue, much of which will be of particular interest to specialists (especially information drawn from Soviet materials). However, by far the most important contribution of the book has to do with our understanding of a related but different matter-namely, how, precisely, Japan came to surrender, and what the critical factors were which led to the final decision. Non-specialists are not always aware of the difficulties which have faced historians concerned with this question. For almost half a century after World War II American scholars have been seriously handicapped by their lack of Japanese language skills and by the paucity of Japanese documents. Robert Butow’s 1954 book Japan’s Decision to Surrender was the primary and often only source of basic information on Japanese decision-making. In recent years this has begun to change. Herbert Bix, a researcher with language sophistication and knowledge of modern Japanese scholarship, offered his analysis in his 2000 Pulitzer Prize-winning Hirohito .
    [Show full text]
  • H.G.Wells: the Critical Heritage
    H.G.WELLS: THE CRITICAL HERITAGE THE CRITICAL HERITAGE SERIES General Editor: B.C.Southam The Critical Heritage series collects together a large body of criticism on major figures in literature. Each volume presents the contemporary responses to a particular writer, enabling the student to follow the formation of critical attitudes to the writer’s work and its place within a literary tradition. The carefully selected sources range from landmark essays in the history of criticism to fragments of contemporary opinion and little published documentary material, such as letters and diaries. Significant pieces of criticism from later periods are also included in order to demonstrate fluctuations in reputation following the writer’s death. H.G.WELLS THE CRITICAL HERITAGE Edited by PATRICK PARRINDER London and New York First published in 1972 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. 11 New Fetter Lane London EC4P 4EE & 29 West 35th Street New York, NY 10001 Compilation, introduction, notes and index © 1972 Patrick Parrinder All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data ISBN 0-415-15910-5 (Print Edition) ISBN 0-203-19647-3 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-19650-3 (Glassbook Format) General Editor’s Preface The reception given to a writer by his contemporaries and near- contemporaries is evidence of considerable value to the student of literature.
    [Show full text]
  • I^Igtorical ^Siisociation
    American i^igtorical ^siisociation SEVENTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING NEW YORK HEADQUARTERS: HOTEL STATLER DECEMBER 28, 29, 30 Bring this program with you Extra copies 25 cents Please be certain to visit the hook exhibits The Culture of Contemporary Canada Edited by JULIAN PARK, Professor of European History and International Relations at the University of Buffalo THESE 12 objective essays comprise a lively evaluation of the young culture of Canada. Closely and realistically examined are literature, art, music, the press, theater, education, science, philosophy, the social sci ences, literary scholarship, and French-Canadian culture. The authors, specialists in their fields, point out the efforts being made to improve and consolidate Canada's culture. 419 Pages. Illus. $5.75 The American Way By DEXTER PERKINS, John L. Senior Professor in American Civilization, Cornell University PAST and contemporary aspects of American political thinking are illuminated by these informal but informative essays. Professor Perkins examines the nature and contributions of four political groups—con servatives, liberals, radicals, and socialists, pointing out that the continu ance of healthy, active moderation in American politics depends on the presence of their ideas. 148 Pages. $2.75 A Short History of New Yorh State By DAVID M.ELLIS, James A. Frost, Harold C. Syrett, Harry J. Carman HERE in one readable volume is concise but complete coverage of New York's complicated history from 1609 to the present. In tracing the state's transformation from a predominantly agricultural land into a rich industrial empire, four distinguished historians have drawn a full pic ture of political, economic, social, and cultural developments, giving generous attention to the important period after 1865.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pulitzer Prizes 2020 Winne
    WINNERS AND FINALISTS 1917 TO PRESENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Excerpts from the Plan of Award ..............................................................2 PULITZER PRIZES IN JOURNALISM Public Service ...........................................................................................6 Reporting ...............................................................................................24 Local Reporting .....................................................................................27 Local Reporting, Edition Time ..............................................................32 Local General or Spot News Reporting ..................................................33 General News Reporting ........................................................................36 Spot News Reporting ............................................................................38 Breaking News Reporting .....................................................................39 Local Reporting, No Edition Time .......................................................45 Local Investigative or Specialized Reporting .........................................47 Investigative Reporting ..........................................................................50 Explanatory Journalism .........................................................................61 Explanatory Reporting ...........................................................................64 Specialized Reporting .............................................................................70
    [Show full text]
  • The Paranoid Style in American History of Science *
    The Paranoid Style in American History of Science * George REISCH Received: 31.5.2012 Final version: 30.7.2012 BIBLID [0495-4548 (2012) 27: 75; pp. 323-342] ABSTRACT: Historian Richard Hofstadter’s observations about American cold-war politics are used to contextualize Thomas Kuhn’s The Structure of Scientific Revolutions and argue that substantive claims about the nature of sci- entific knowledge and scientific change found in Structure were adopted from this cold-war political cul- ture. Keywords: Thomas S. Kuhn; The Structure of Scientific Revolutions ; Richard Hofstadter; “The Paranoid Style in American Politics;” Cold War; James B. Conant; Brainwashing. RESUMEN: Las observaciones del historiador Richard Hofstadter sobre la política americana en la Guerra Fría se uti- lizan para contextualizar La estructura de las revoluciones científicas de Thomas Kuhn y sostener que algunas afirmaciones fundamentales sobre la naturaleza del conocimiento científico y el cambio científico que se pueden hallar en La estructura fueron adoptadas de esta cultura política de la Guerra Fría. Palabras clave: Thomas S. Kuhn; La estructura de las revoluciones científicas ; Richard Hofstadter; “The Paranoid Style in American Politics”; Guerra Fría; James B. Conant; lavado de cerebro. It is the use of paranoid modes of expression by more or less normal people that makes the phenomenon significant. –Richard Hofstadter (1964, 4) 1. Introduction The conventional wisdom holds that Thomas Kuhn’s Structure of Scientific Revolutions of- fered a revolutionary critique of existing scholarship about science. The book swept aside misconceptions wrought by three kinds of intellectuals—logic-chopping philos- ophers who confused their logical models and formulas with historical fact, Whiggish historians who viewed science’s past through the lenses of the present, and text-book writers whose brief, potted historical introductions obscured science’s dynamic, revo- lutionary history.
    [Show full text]
  • Conspiracy of Peace: the Cold War, the International Peace Movement, and the Soviet Peace Campaign, 1946-1956
    The London School of Economics and Political Science Conspiracy of Peace: The Cold War, the International Peace Movement, and the Soviet Peace Campaign, 1946-1956 Vladimir Dobrenko A thesis submitted to the Department of International History of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, October 2015 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 90,957 words. Statement of conjoint work I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by John Clifton of www.proofreading247.co.uk/ I have followed the Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition, for referencing. 2 Abstract This thesis deals with the Soviet Union’s Peace Campaign during the first decade of the Cold War as it sought to establish the Iron Curtain. The thesis focuses on the primary institutions engaged in the Peace Campaign: the World Peace Council and the Soviet Peace Committee.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Oklahoma Libraries Western History Collections Ralph
    University of Oklahoma Libraries Western History Collections Ralph H. Records Collection Records, Ralph Hayden. Papers, 1871–1968. 2 feet. Professor. Magazine and journal articles (1946–1968) regarding historiography, along with a typewritten manuscript (1871–1899) by L. S. Records, entitled “The Recollections of a Cowboy of the Seventies and Eighties,” regarding the lives of cowboys and ranchers in frontier-era Kansas and in the Cherokee Strip of Oklahoma Territory, including a detailed account of Records’s participation in the land run of 1893. ___________________ Box 1 Folder 1: Beyond The American Revolutionary War, articles and excerpts from the following: Wilbur C. Abbott, Charles Francis Adams, Randolph Greenfields Adams, Charles M. Andrews, T. Jefferson Coolidge, Jr., Thomas Anburey, Clarence Walroth Alvord, C.E. Ayres, Robert E. Brown, Fred C. Bruhns, Charles A. Beard and Mary R. Beard, Benjamin Franklin, Carl Lotus Belcher, Henry Belcher, Adolph B. Benson, S.L. Blake, Charles Knowles Bolton, Catherine Drinker Bowen, Julian P. Boyd, Carl and Jessica Bridenbaugh, Sanborn C. Brown, William Hand Browne, Jane Bryce, Edmund C. Burnett, Alice M. Baldwin, Viola F. Barnes, Jacques Barzun, Carl Lotus Becker, Ruth Benedict, Charles Borgeaud, Crane Brinton, Roger Butterfield, Edwin L. Bynner, Carl Bridenbaugh Folder 2: Douglas Campbell, A.F. Pollard, G.G. Coulton, Clarence Edwin Carter, Harry J. Armen and Rexford G. Tugwell, Edward S. Corwin, R. Coupland, Earl of Cromer, Harr Alonzo Cushing, Marquis De Shastelluz, Zechariah Chafee, Jr. Mellen Chamberlain, Dora Mae Clark, Felix S. Cohen, Verner W. Crane, Thomas Carlyle, Thomas Cromwell, Arthur yon Cross, Nellis M. Crouso, Russell Davenport Wallace Evan Daview, Katherine B.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography [I] Dean Acheson, Present at the Creation: nry Years in the State Department (New York, 1969). An elegantly written account by Truman's last Secretary of State, who was the chief architect of containment. [2] G.M. Alexander, The Prelude to the Truman Doctrine: British Policy in Greece 1944-1947 (Oxford, 1982). The Truman Doctrine was the first overt expression ofAmerican support for Western security. This book examines the background of Britain's intervention in the Greek civil war. [3] Richard A. Asiano, American Defense Policy from Eisenhower to Kennedy: the Politics of Changing Military Requirements (Ohio, 1975). A comprehensive account ofthe vicissitudes ofAmerican defence policy from Sputnik to the presidential election of John F. Kennedy. [4] Gar Alperovitz, Atomic Diplomacy: Hiroshima and Potsdam (New York, 1965). A 'New Left' historian who believes that the atomic bomb was intended as much to blackmail the Soviet Union into making concessions as to serve as an instrument to defeat Japan. [5] Stephen E. Ambrose, Rise to Globalism: American Foreign Policy 193~1970 (Baltimore, 1970). A useful textbook by one of the leading historians of the Cold War. [6] Stephen E. Ambrose, Eisenhower: the President 1952-1969, vol. II (London, 1984). An account ofEisenhower's internal and foreign policy based on his letters and papers. This is a sympathetic approach to the President's achievements. [7] Stephen E. Ambrose, Nixon: 1913-1962 (New York, 1982). The first volume of a biography of Richard M. Nixon dealing with his earlier years as US Senator and Vice-President of the USA. It tries hard to be objective and to show that Nixon was not as black as he was painted by his contemporaries.
    [Show full text]
  • The Historical Journal of Massachusetts
    The Historical Journal of Massachusetts “Boston’s New Immigrants and New Economy, 1965-2015.” Author: Marilynn S. Johnson Source: Historical Journal of Massachusetts, Volume 46, No. 2, Summer 2018, pp. 2-37. Published by: Institute for Massachusetts Studies and Westfield State University You may use content in this archive for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the Historical Journal of Massachusetts regarding any further use of this work: [email protected] Funding for digitization of issues was provided through a generous grant from MassHumanities. Some digitized versions of the articles have been reformatted from their original, published appearance. When citing, please give the original print source (volume/number/date) but add "retrieved from HJM's online archive at http://www.westfield.ma.edu/historical-journal/. 2 Historical Journal of Massachusetts • Summer 2018 Reproduced with permission of the University of Massachusetts Press 3 EDITOR’S CHOICE Boston's New Immigrants and New Economy, 1965-2015 MARILYNN S. JOHNSON Editor's Introduction: HJM is proud to select as our Editor’s Choice Award for this issue Marilynn S. Johnson’s superb study, The New Bostonians: How Immigrants Have Transformed the Metro Area since the 1960s, published by the University of Massachusetts Press in 2015. After World War II, the greater Boston area experienced dramatic economic and demographic decline. The population plummeted from 801,444 in 1950 to 641,071 in 1970, a 20% drop. Since the 1980s, however, the city has witnessed a renaissance, a phenomenon similar to what has occurred in many other major urban areas. Marilynn S. Johnson argues that immigrants have contributed to this renaissance in numerous yet often overlooked ways.
    [Show full text]
  • A Measure of Detachment: Richard Hofstadter and the Progressive Historians
    A MEASURE OF DETACHMENT: RICHARD HOFSTADTER AND THE PROGRESSIVE HISTORIANS A Thesis Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS By Wiliiam McGeehan May 2018 Thesis Approvals: Harvey Neptune, Department of History Andrew Isenberg, Department of History ABSTRACT This thesis argues that Richard Hofstadter's innovations in historical method arose as a critical response to the Progressive historians, particularly to Charles Beard. Hofstadter's first two books were demonstrations of the inadequacy of Progressive methodology, while his third book (the Age of Reform) showed the potential of his new way of writing history. i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................i CHAPTER 1. A MEASURE OF DETACHMENT..........................................................................1 2. SOCIAL DARWINISM IN AMERICAN THOUGHT………………………………………………26 3. THE AMERICAN POLITICAL TRADITION…………………………………………………………..52 4. THE AGE OF REFORM…………………………………………………………………………………….100 5. CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………………………………………139 BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..144 CHAPTER ONE A MEASURE OF DETACHMENT Great thinkers often spend their early years in rebellion against the teachers from whom they have learned the most. Freud would say they live out a form of the Oedipal archetype, that son must murder his father at least a little bit if he is ever to become his own man.
    [Show full text]