DOCSLIB.ORG

Discrete and Continuous Shape Writing for Text Entry and Control

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Discrete and Continuous Shape Writing for Text Entry and Control Linköping Studies in Science and Technology Dissertation No. 1106 Discrete and Continuous Shape Writing for Text Entry and Control Per Ola Kristensson Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University 581 83 Linköping, Sweden Linköping 2007 ISBN 978-91-85831-77-7 ISSN 0345-7524 Printed by LiU-Tryck, Linköping 2007 Abstract Mobile devices gain increasing computational power and storage capabilities, and there are already mobile phones that can show movies, act as digital music players and offer full-scale web browsing. The bottleneck for information flow is however limited by the inefficient communication channel between the user and the small device. The small mobile phone form factor has proven to be surprisingly difficult to overcome and limited text entry capabilities are in effect crippling mobile devices’ use experience. The desktop keyboard is too large for mobile phones, and the keypad too limited. In recent years, advanced mobile phones have come equipped with touch- screens that enable new text entry solutions. This dissertation explores how software keyboards on touch-screens can be improved to provide an efficient and practical text and command entry experience on mobile devices. The central hypothesis is that it is possible to combine three elements: software keyboard, language redundancy and pattern recognition, and create new effective interfaces for text entry and control. These are collectively called “shape writing” interfaces. Words form shapes on the software keyboard layout. Users write words by articulating the shapes for words on the software keyboard. Two classes of shape writing interfaces are developed and analyzed: discrete and continuous shape writing. The former recognizes users’ pen or finger tapping motion as discrete patterns on the touch-screen. The latter recognizes users’ continuous motion patterns. Experimental results show that novice users can write text with an average entry rate of 25 wpm and an error rate of 1% after 35 minutes of practice. An accelerated novice learning experiment shows that users can exactly copy a single well-practiced phrase with an average entry rate of 46.5 wpm, with individual phrase entry rate measurements up to 99 wpm. When used as a control interface, users can send commands to applications 1.6 times faster than using de- facto standard linear pull-down menus. Visual command preview leads to significantly less errors and shorter gestures for unpracticed commands. Taken together, the quantitative results show that shape writing is among the fastest mobile interfaces for text entry and control, both initially and after practice, that are currently known. i Discrete and Continuous Shape Writing for Text Entry and Control ii Acknowledgements Although my name stands alone on this dissertation, it would never have been completed without the support of many other people. In particular, I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Shumin Zhai for being an outstanding advisor, collaborator and friend. I could write pages on why Shumin is an excellent thesis advisor. In fact I did exactly that in 2005 for a nomination of best technical co-op advisor at IBM Almaden Research Center (he won). Shumin not only taught me the principles of human-computer interaction research, he taught me the importance of focus, logical thinking and setting priorities straight. I can see now that I matured tremendously after these years of research. I am at this point in time Shumin’s only graduate student and as a result I have benefited from essentially an unlimited stream of advice, ideas and inspiration from him, both when I was working across the hallway from his office at IBM Almaden and at Linköping University across half of the globe. The opportunity to become a human-computer interaction scientist through his expert guidance is a once in a lifetime opportunity and something I will be eternally grateful for. I also want thank Prof. Sture Hägglund for his enthusiasm, advice and his generous funding of my doctoral research tenure at Linköping University. Without Sture’s support this dissertation would not have been a reality. I also want to thank my research group’s leader Prof. Henrik Eriksson for his invaluable advice. I also really appreciate Prof. Erik Sandewall at the artificial intelligence and integrated computer systems division, who generously offered financial support for the first semester before I was admitted into the graduate program in computer science. Erik was one of the first who came to my “office” (bunker!) after I finished my undergraduate thesis (D-uppsats) and explicitly congratulated me on having written an excellent thesis. I am very thankful for his truly unselfish initiative to support my research at that initial stage when the technology was yet unproven. I’d like to thank, in advance, Prof. Bill Buxton to agree to serve as my thesis opponent, and Prof. Lars Ahrenberg, Prof. Jan Gulliksen and Docent Mikael Goldstein to serve as my thesis examination committee members. Thank you for not only taking your valuable time to read and examine my thesis but also travel all the way to Linköping from various parts of the world. iii Discrete and Continuous Shape Writing for Text Entry and Control At Linköping University I particularly want to thank Prof. Lars Ahrenberg, Prof. Nils Dahlbäck, Maria Holmqvist, Magnus Ingmarsson, Magnus Rimbark and Dr. Pernilla Qvarfordt who offered advice that directly helped my research. In addition I thank Imad-Eldin Ali Abugessaisa, Lise-Lott Andersson, Dr. Mattias Arvola, Dr. Erik Berglund, Prof. Patrick Doherty, Arne Fäldt, Fredrik Heintz, Dr. Stefan Holmlid, Dr. Björn Johansson, Prof. Arne Jönsson, Britt-Inger Karlsson, Stefan Karlsson, Anders Larsson, Ola Leifler, Dr. Hanjing Li, Dr. Jonas Lundberg, Jalal Maleki, Docent Magnus Merkel, Rolf Nilsson, Piotr Rudol, Sonia Sangari, Dr. Annika Silvervarg, Mustapha Skhiri, Sara Stymne, Per Sökjer, Eva Ragnemalm, Jiri Trnka, Lillemor Wallgren, Mariusz Wzorek and the faculty, technical and administrative staff, and my fellow graduate students for providing a vibrant work environment. During my four years of research I was offered the fantastic opportunity to work for almost two years at IBM Almaden Research Center in sunny San Jose, California, USA. I had a wonderful time in California and my graduate internship at IBM Research gave me the opportunity to interact with many world class scientists. The following researchers there directly affected my research direction and generously shared their experiences and offered invaluable advice: Dr. Johnny Accot, Dr. Arnon Amir, Dr. Tue Haste Andersen, Dr. Sreeram Balakrishnan, Dr. John Barton, Dr. Allen Cypher, Dr. Ronald Fagin, Jon Graham, John Karidis, Min Lin, Dr. Paul Maglio, Dr. Robert Morris, Dr. Wayne Niblack, Dr. John Pitrelli, Dr. Barton Smith, Dr. Jayashree Subrahmonia and Alison Sue. I also want to thank Dr. David Beymer, Dr. Christopher Campbell, Dr. Steve Cousins, Dr. Alex Cozzi, Dr. Andreas Dieberger, Clemens Drews, Stephen Farell, Dr. Myron Flickner, Dr. Eben Haber, Dr. Beverly Harrison, Dr. Eser Kandogan, Dr. Stina Nylander, Dr. Daniel Russel, Dr. John Tang, Vladimir Zbarsky and everyone else I have interacted with at the research center. California and especially San Francisco is an amazing place and I got the opportunity to hang out with some really cool people such as Kristoffer Hallgren, Dr. Tue Haste Andersen, Dr. Jhilmil Jain, Sophia Liu, Eric Perlman and Lubomira Stoilova, and all you others. I also want to thank the generous support of the ACM SIGCHI community particularly by way of admitting and sponsoring me to the doctoral symposia at UIST 2004 and CHI 2005. At UIST 2004 I was given invaluable advice from a panel consisting of Dr. Ken Hinckley, Prof. Scott Hudson and Prof. Beth Mynatt, and the other graduate students that participated. At CHI 2005 the panel consisted of Prof. Gilbert Cockton, Prof. Joëlle Coutaz, Dr. Mary Czerwinski Prof. Jan Gulliksen, Dr. Henry Lieberman, Prof. Philippe Palanque, Prof. Fabio Paternò, Prof. Raquel Prates and Prof. Janet Wesson. Needless to say, the panel members and participating graduate students were invaluable to my continued research. I was very fortunate to receive a “Best doctoral consortium contribution” award at CHI 2005 that certainly boosted my confidence when pursuing my research direction. iv At the CHI, IUI and UIST conferences I have attended I have had the pleasure to interact with many insightful researchers. In particular I would like to thank Prof. James Fogarty, Dr. Antti Oulasvirta, Jingtao Wang and Prof. Kari-Jouko Räihä (who also was my opponent for the licentiate thesis). The Gesture & Dynamics workshop at Glasgow University in 2006 was very inspiring. I am grateful to Prof. Roderick Murray-Smith who arranged the workshop, invited me to attend and managed to fund my expenses. The talks at the workshop were excellent and the conversations afterwards even better. I thank Prof. Poika Isokoski, Prof. David MacKay, Prof. Benoît Martin, Prof. Roderick Murray-Smith, Morten Proschowsky and Dr. John Williamson for stimulating conversations. I also want to take the opportunity to thank some of my fellow text entry researchers: Prof. Scott MacKenzie, William Soukoreff, Prof. Poika Isokoski, Prof. Brad Myers and Prof. Jacob Wobbrock. Your research papers have been inspiring and I hope you feel the same of my own and my co-authors work. Unfortunately I have only had the opportunity to interact briefly with some of you as of yet. I want to thank all participants that volunteered to participate in my experiments. Aside from providing me with invaluable experimental data, many of you generously provided insightful comments that affected my research direction. I thank my parents Eva and Sven Kristensson and my brother Lars Johan Kristensson, my family and friends in Malmö and everywhere else, for your support, understanding and patience with me when I have insisted on traveling back and forth between the USA and Sweden for the last four years.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Arabic Handwriting Synthesis
    © Yousef S. I. Elarian 2014 iii Dedication dهل لوالدي ثم لكل محب To Allah Then, to my parents, and to all who helped, cared, or loved. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Thanks again to my Lord, and to my Parents. Thanks to King Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) for granting and supporting this work (Project # GSP-18-112). Thanks to Dr. Sabri Mahmoud and to Dr. Muhammad Al-Mulhem. Deep Personal Thanks to Dr. Zidouri, Dr. Al-Khatib, and the committee members. Thanks to my colleagues: Sameh, Tanvir, Misbahuddin, Irfan, Anas, and to all who helped that this dissertation is completed Thanks from the heart. v TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................... V TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................... VI LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................... IX LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................ XI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................... XIV ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ XVII XIX .................................................................................................................... ملخص الرسالة CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Perceptual and Context Aware Interfaces on Mobile Devices Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7tg54232 Author Wang, Jingtao Publication Date 2010 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Perceptual and Context Aware Interfaces on Mobile Devices by Jingtao Wang A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor John F. Canny, Chair Professor Maneesh Agrawala Professor Ray R. Larson Spring 2010 Perceptual and Context Aware Interfaces on Mobile Devices Copyright 2010 by Jingtao Wang 1 Abstract Perceptual and Context Aware Interfaces on Mobile Devices by Jingtao Wang Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science University of California, Berkeley Professor John F. Canny, Chair With an estimated 4.6 billion units in use, mobile phones have already become the most popular computing device in human history. Their portability and communication capabil- ities may revolutionize how people do their daily work and interact with other people in ways PCs have done during the past 30 years. Despite decades of experiences in creating modern WIMP (windows, icons, mouse, pointer) interfaces, our knowledge in building ef- fective mobile interfaces is still limited, especially for emerging interaction modalities that are only available on mobile devices. This dissertation explores how emerging sensors on a mobile phone, such as the built-in camera, the microphone, the touch sensor and the GPS module can be leveraged to make everyday interactions easier and more efficient.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Computer Input Devices for Use in Standard Office Applications While Moving in an Off-Road Vehicle
    Evaluation of computer input devices for use in standard office applications while moving in an off-road vehicle by Thorsten Baldus A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Industrial Engineering Program of Study Committee: Patrick E. Patterson, Major Professor Samuel K. Adams Roger E. Baer John K. Jackman Mack C. Shelley Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2006 UMI Number: 3229052 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI UMI Microform 3229052 Copyright 2006 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 ii Graduate College Iowa State University This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation of Thorsten Baldus has met the dissertation requirements of Iowa State University Signature was redacted for privacy. Major Professor Signature was redacted for privacy. 'o/
    [Show full text]
  • The Elements of Abbreviation in Medieval Latin Paleography
    The elements of abbreviation in medieval Latin paleography BY ADRIANO CAPPELLI Translated by David Heimann and Richard Kay UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LIBRARIES, 1982 University of Kansas Publications Library Series, 47 The elements of abbreviation in medieval Latin paleography BY ADRIANO CAPPELLI Translated by David Heimann and Richard Kay UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LIBRARIES, 1982 Printed in Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A. by the University of Kansas Printing Service PREFACE Take a foreign language, write it in an unfamiliar script, abbreviating every third word, and you have the compound puzzle that is the medieval Latin manuscript. For over two generations, paleographers have taken as their vade mecum in the decipherment of this abbreviated Latin the Lexicon abbreviaturarum compiled by Adriano Cappelli for the series "Manuali Hoepli" in 1899. The perennial value of this work undoubtedly lies in the alphabetic list of some 14,000 abbreviated forms that comprises the bulk of the work, but all too often the beginner slavishly looks up in this dictionary every abbreviation he encounters, when in nine cases out of ten he could ascertain the meaning by applying a few simple rules. That he does not do so is simply a matter of practical convenience, for the entries in the Lexicon are intelligible to all who read Latin, while the general principles of Latin abbreviation are less easily accessible for rapid consultation, at least for the American student. No doubt somewhere in his notes there is an out­ line of these rules derived from lectures or reading, but even if the notes are at hand they are apt to be sketchy; for reference he would rather rely on the lengthier accounts available in manuals of paleography, but more often than not he has only Cappelli's dictionary at his elbow.
    [Show full text]
  • Plaquette De Présentation De Bépo Est Sous Double Licence CC-BY-SA Et GFDL ©2014 Association Ergodis, Avec L’Aimable Collaboration De Ploum
    Installation moins Bépo s’installe sur la plupart des systèmes , de (Windows, OSX, BSD, Android) et est déjà inclus s dans GNU/Linux, Haiku et FirefoxOS. t m Vous pouvez également télécharger l’archive o « nomade » qui vous permet d’utiliser bépo a partout où vous allez sans avoir besoin d’installer m u préalablement un logiciel. x Rien n’est définitif ! il vous est toujours possible de e basculer en un clic sur votre ancienne disposition. d Apprentissage s u Bépo est conçu pour une utilisation en l aveugle à dix doigts, c’est plus facile P qu’on peut le penser et plus confortable. Choisissez un logiciel de dactylographie et pratiquez les exercices pendant 10 à 15 minutes par jour. la disposition de clavier L’apprentissage de bépo est simplifié par ergonomique, francophone et le fait que dès les premières leçons, vous libre écrivez de vrais mots et non des suites de lettres dénuées de sens. De plus, les caractères de la couche AltGr par l’association sont installés de manière mnémotechnique. Même sans pratique, vous n’oublierez pas les acquis de votre ancienne disposition : C’est comme le vélo, un petit temps d’adaptation et c’est reparti ! Claviers Un clavier avec un marquage particulier Tapez facilement à dix doigts n’est pas nécessaire et est même dans votre langue. contre-indiqué lors de l’apprentissage. http://bepo.fr/ Cependant, il existe des autocollants à coller sur vos touches permettant Notre communauté est prête à d’adapter un clavier existant et même répondre à toutes vos questions.
    [Show full text]
  • Eye on the Message: Reducing Attention Demand for Touch-Based Text Entry
    Avestia Publishing International Journal of Virtual Worlds and Human-Computer Interaction Volume 1, Year 2013 Journal ISSN: 2368-6103 DOI: 10.11159/vwhci.2013.001 Eye on the Message: Reducing Attention Demand for Touch-based Text Entry I. Scott MacKenzie, Steven J. Castellucci Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science York University Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3J 1P3 [email protected]; [email protected] Abstract- A touch-based text entry method was developed with the device’s text entry method to enhance the user the goal of reducing the attention demand on the user. The experience. method, called H4touch, supports the entry of about 75 symbols In our observations of users interacting with touch- and commands using only four soft keys. Each key is about 20 based devices, it is evident that text is most commonly larger than the keys on a Qwerty soft keyboard on the same entered using a Qwerty soft keyboard, perhaps device. Symbols are entered as Huffman codes with most enhanced with swipe detection [26], word completion, letters requiring just two or three taps. The codes for the letters and common commands are learned after a few hours of next key prediction [9], or auto correction [23]. practice. At such time, the user can enter text while visually Because the keys are numerous and small, the user attending to the message, rather than the keyboard. Similar must attend to the keyboard to aim at and touch the eye-on-the-message interaction is not possible with a Qwerty desired key. Even highly practiced users must attend to soft keyboard, since there are many keys and they are small.
    [Show full text]
  • Summary Double Your Typing Speed
    Summary Double Your Typing Speed.............................................................1 Stenography Benefits......................................................................1 Speed...........................................................................................................................................1 Fluency Of Thought....................................................................................................................2 Ergonomy....................................................................................................................................3 Mobile/Wearable Computing and Augmented Reality...............................................................3 Memorable Customizable Macros..............................................................................................4 Stenography Is Cool, But................................................................5 Open Source Stenography: Who Is Using It...................................5 Then I Saw The Light.....................................................................6 My Contributions............................................................................7 Stenography Is The Way.................................................................8 Machine stenography costs too much.........................................................................................8 Proprietary steno software might be better..................................................................................9 Learning takes too much
    [Show full text]
  • A Multilingual Keyboard and Mouse Interface for Motor-Impaired Users
    SUITEDasher – A Multilingual Keyboard and Mouse Interface for Motor-Impaired Users David Lyle and Bill Manaris Computer Science Department, College of Charleston 66 George Street, Charleston, SC 29424, USA [email protected], [email protected] Abstract This paper presents the design of SUITEDasher – an open-source, multilingual speech user interface for motor- impaired users. SUITEDasher’s architecture is based on SUITEKeys – a speech user interface for manipulating a speech keyboard and mouse. SUITEDasher has three main design objectives: (a) to improve on the usability of its predecessor; (b) to provide for multilingual access; and (c) to be platform independent. To achieve these objectives, SUITEDasher employs a minimal graphical user interface, and incorporates a trigram-based probabilistic model from Dasher – a text-entry interface driven by pointing gestures. Multilingual access is achieved through a set of syntactic, lexical, and (potentially) phonetic models that may be loaded dynamically at run time. Finally, SUITEDasher is being implemented in Java as a cross-platform (Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux) application. While refining the design, we have developed several prototypes, the latest of which has been implemented in Visual Basic and C++ on the Windows platform. Preliminary usability results indicate that, in terms of typing speed, SUITEDasher appears to be 30% faster than its predecessor, and as fast as Dasher. Keywords: Universal access, motor impairments, speech user interfaces, listening keyboard, usability evaluation. 1 Introduction Several studies have been performed exploring the effectiveness of speech as an alternative to the physical keyboard for alphanumeric data entry. Murray et al. (1983) found that, in the context of controlling cursor movement, keyboard input is twice as fast and more preferred by users compared to speech.
    [Show full text]
  • A Collection of Mildly Interesting Facts About the Little Symbols We Communicate With
    Ty p o g raph i c Factettes A collection of mildly interesting facts about the little symbols we communicate with. Helvetica The horizontal bars of a letter are almost always thinner than the vertical bars. Minion The font size is approximately the measurement from the lowest appearance of any letter to the highest. Most of the time. Seventy-two points equals one inch. Fridge256 point Cochin most of 50the point Zaphino time Letters with rounded bottoms don’t sit on the baseline, but slightly below it. Visually, they would appear too high if they rested on the same base as the squared letters. liceAdobe Caslon Bold UNITED KINGDOM UNITED STATES LOLITA LOLITA In Ancient Rome, scribes would abbreviate et (the latin word for and) into one letter. We still use that abbreviation, called the ampersand. The et is still very visible in some italic ampersands. The word ampersand comes from and-per-se-and. Strange. Adobe Garamond Regular Adobe Garamond Italic Trump Mediaval Italic Helvetica Light hat two letters ss w it cam gue e f can rom u . I Yo t h d. as n b ha e rt en ho a s ro n u e n t d it r fo w r s h a u n w ) d r e e m d a s n o r f e y t e t a e r b s , a b s u d t e d e e n m t i a ( n l d o b s o m a y r S e - d t w A i e t h h t t , h d e n a a s d r v e e p n t m a o f e e h m t e a k i i l .
    [Show full text]
  • The Yubikey Manual
    The YubiKey Manual Usage, configuration and introduction of basic concepts Version: 3.4 Date: 27 March, 2015 The YubiKey Manual Disclaimer The contents of this document are subject to revision without notice due to continued progress in methodology, design, and manufacturing. Yubico shall have no liability for any error or damages of any kind resulting from the use of this document. The Yubico Software referenced in this document is licensed to you under the terms and conditions accompanying the software or as otherwise agreed between you or the company that you are representing. Trademarks Yubico and YubiKey are trademarks of Yubico AB. Contact Information Yubico AB Kungsgatan 37, 8 floor 111 56 Stockholm Sweden [email protected] © Yubico, 2015 Page 2 of 40 Version: Yubikey Manual 3.4 The YubiKey Manual Contents 1 Document Information 1.1 Purpose 1.2 Audience 1.3 Related documentation 1.4 Document History 1.5 Definitions 2 Introduction and basic concepts 2.1 Basic concepts and terms 2.2 Functional blocks 2.3 Security rationale 2.4 OATH-HOTP mode 2.5 Challenge-response mode 2.6 YubiKey NEO 2.7 YubiKey versions and parametric data 2.8 YubiKey Nano 3 Installing the YubiKey 3.1 Inserting the YubiKey for the first time (Windows XP) 3.2 Verifying the installation (Windows XP) 3.3 Installing the key under Mac OS X 3.4 Installing the YubiKey on other platforms 3.5 Understanding the LED indicator 3.6 Testing the installation 3.7 Installation troubleshooting 4 Using the YubiKey 4.1 Using multiple configurations (from version 2.0) 4.2 Updating a
    [Show full text]
  • Latin Letters to English
    Latin Letters To English Exaggerative Francisco peck, his ribwort dislocated jump fraudulently. Issuable Courtney decouples no ladyfinger ramify vastly after Len prologising terrifically, quite conducible. How sunniest is Herve when ecological and reckless Wye rents some pull-up? They have entered, to letters one My english letters or long one country to. General Transforms Contents 1 Overview 2 Script. Names of the letters of the Latin alphabet in English Spanish. The learning begin! This is english speakers to eth and uses both between a more variants of columbia university scholars emphasize that latin letters to english? Day around the world. Language structure has probably decided. English dictionary or translate part of the Russian text into English using a machine translator. Pliny Letters translation Attalus. Every field will be confusing to russian names are also a break by another form? Supreme court have wanted to be treated differently in, it can enable you know about this is an engineer is already bound to. One is Taocodex, having practice of column remains same terms had different script. Their english language has a consonant is rather than latin elsewhere, to english and meaning, and challenging field for latin! Alphabet and Character Frequency Latin Latina. Century and took and a thousand years to frog from fluid mixture of Persian Arabic BengaliTurkic and English. 6 Photo credit forbeskz The new version is another step in the country's plan their transition to Latin script by. Ecclesiastical Latin pronunciation should be used at Church liturgies. Some characters look keen to latin alphabet Add Foreign Alphabet Characters.
    [Show full text]
  • GOV-TA-0003 SFF TA TWG Style Guide
    PUBLISHED R1.0a GOV-TA-0003 Documentation for SFF TA TWG Style Guide Rev 1.0a January 17, 2019 This guide provides editors of SFF TA TWG documents with information on style and formatting to aid in the creation of new documents and in the revision of existing documents. Questions about the content of this document should be directed to the SNIA Technical Council Managing Director at [email protected]. SFF TA TWG Style Guide Page 1 Copyright © 2019. All rights reserved. PUBLISHED R1.0a Revision History Rev 1.0 November 21, 2018 - First publication Rev 1.0a January 17, 2019 - Added document number (GOV-TA-0003) - Added revision history - Updated formatting Contents 1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 3 2 Section Numbering ...................................................................................................................... 3 3 Text ............................................................................................................................................ 3 3.1 Font, Margins, and Formatting .............................................................................................. 3 3.2 Units, Subscripts, and Superscripts ........................................................................................ 3 3.3 Trademark and Copyright Symbols ........................................................................................ 3 4 Tables of Contents, Figures, and Tables .......................................................................................
    [Show full text]