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Nepali Times #489 12 - 18 February 2010 16 pages Rs 30 HOT AIR he High Level Political Mechanism may as well T be floating high above the Nepali nation for all it has achieved in the last month. After much-publicised early wrangling about who should be in it and who should not, and whether such a mechanism is even necessary (or legitimate), it is at a standstill. At ground level, the major political parties have not resolved their differences. Constitution-writing is continuing apace, even though the drafts from the Constituent Assembly’s thematic committees are marked as much by the PLAIN SPEAKING notes of dissent they contain as by the fact Federal realities p2 that they have actually been completed. Some call for the May 28 deadline to be NATION extended, but there is a feeling that the Self-destruct p4 deadline will actually be met through typically Nepali eleventh-hour negotiations. What kind of fractious This weekend, take your constitution will make its way to the pick - Maha Shiva Ratri or Nepali people by the end of this is as Valentine’s Day? If the worrying as the doomsday predictions for latter, read Uncommon missing the deadline. Love (p7) for inspiration Let’s hope the High Level Political and check our Valentine’s Mechanism comes down to earth before the special (p8) for ideas. hot air runs out. BILASH RAI 2| 12 - 18 FEBRUARY 2010 #489 maternal mortality rate and sections can be done in only 20 of Nepal’s HEALTHIER NATION rising female literacy 75 districts. Mid-level health workers, A But awareness by itself nurses and midwives need training and This is still a land where people die of simple, doesn’t bring about behaviour motivation, like that being provided at the preventable causes. A lung or stomach infection, easily change. Awareness alone Solukhumbu Technical School in Phaplu treated by modern medicine, can be fatal wouldn’t mean people could (see p11). in rural Nepal. access clean drinking water if Diseases like TB, malaria, encephalitis, Infectious diseases are spread by germs ingested taps hadn’t been installed in typhoid, diarrhoea and pneumonia can be with food or water, inhaled into the lungs, or transmitted villages. Knowledge about HIV treated with drugs. But they are not just through unprotected sex. The first line of defence doesn’t translate into condom medical problems. The root causes of against infection is awareness. You need use if prophylactics are not sickness in Nepal are societal communications to fight communicable diseases. If available, too expensive, people discrimination, economic disparity and treatment is necessary then prevention has failed, and are too squeamish to buy them, political neglect. This can’t be treated with prevention should be the core thrust of our national or if those buying sexual medicine. health strategy. services refuse to use them. Most diseases that kill our children, Information about water-borne diseases and what We know what to do to strike mothers at childbirth and keep cause them has made the public and health officials improve public health in Nepal. Nepal’s life expectancy low have the same more sensitive about prevention. The dramatic progress Apart from more work on DAMBAR KRISHNA SHRESTHA root causes. Just knowing that, and in child survival in Nepal in the past decade is due awareness, the country needs spreading the message, should mean that mainly to awareness spread through media and schools more hospitals and affordable drugs. More than we have won half the battle. about the dangers of drinking contaminated water, or half the doctors in Nepal practice inside the capital’s Ring about nun-chini-pani treatment. Similarly, we see a Road, so more needs to be done to retain doctors in district sharp inverse correlation between Nepal’s falling hospitals by giving them incentives to do so. Caesarian Federal realities sense of ownership. It will connect the government. Will the latter usurp the role for riots. This view too has some merit but PLAIN SPEAKING country in ways like never before. In fact, of the grassroots bodies, making the state tends to present a highly distorted and the possibility of a conflict and a even more distant for those in rural areas? alarmist picture. The present model is not Prashant Jha weakening of the state is much higher if The Indian experience shows the entirely ethnicity based. And as Mahendra Nepal does not federalise. In any case, reluctance of state governments to share Lawoti argues, whichever way you carve out federalism has already been decided upon, money and powers with Panchayats and the provinces, some groups will have a hat do the following have in and the decision will not be reversed. municipalities. More thinking is clearly majority. common: the grand old man of Other critics, including technocrats, required to delineate the local-provincial For those worried ethnic provinces will W Nepali politics Girija Prasad believe the state does not possess the authority interface. favour those they are named after, the logic Koirala; neo-liberals Ram Sharan Mahat institutional capacity to sustain such a Planners also point out that east-west of electoral politics should be reassuring. and Binod Chaudhary; orthodox Marxists model. This view has some merit. Fourteen federalism, instead of the north-south Take the present Madhes map from like Chitra Bahadur KC; ethnic states will mean fourteen separate zones, will mean inadequate utilisation of Jhapa to Birganj. Six demographic blocks entrepreneurs like Laxman Tharu and legislative, resources. This may be will control the politics – Yadavs, Tharus, Kumar Lingden; Panchayat veterans like bureaucratic, police, technically true but Muslims, Dalits, OBCs and guess what, Surya Bahadur Thapa and Pashupati Rana; and judicial Federalism may politically, north- pahadis. If any Madhesi party adopts a perennial revolutionaries like Matrika machineries. Do we south is not feasible chauvinistic, hate-mongering approach, Yadav; anti-Maoist crusaders like KP Oli; have the required not be as bad given the Madhesi they will lose the pahadi vote entirely, and progressive young Turks like Gagan Thapa; financial and human sentiment. Also, there will be defeated. The same argument Madhesi messiahs like Upendra Yadav and resources for such a as it’s carved will inevitably be applies everywhere, and means new multi- Mahant Thakur; respected lefty scholars gigantic enterprise? If inter-state co- ethnic alliances will emerge in all like Pitamber Sharma and Chaitanya states lack capacity, up to be operation. It is flawed provinces. Mishra; VDC level government servants; federalism may to say that the Madhes This is not to defend the present map and most of Kathmandu’s media owners become merely ornamental. Some Maoist cannot use the water resources of the hills, or underplay the dangers of ethnic and journalists? leaders privately agree, and have been or hills cannot use the agrarian and chauvinism, but to highlight that there is None of them agree with the 14-state toying with the idea of six provinces. industrial strengths of the Madhes. In space for compromise. Incorporating model proposed by the CA’s state Bureaucrats argue the present debate on federal set-ups, states can build on each ethnicity is a political compulsion, but we restructuring and power sharing federalism risks reversing the achievements other’s comparative advantages through need to avoid making ethnicity the sole committee. made by local government. In the proposed joint mechanisms. determinant of political choice. One group fears the disintegration of delineation of powers, local bodies have The third, and most vocal, school of The good news is that the map can only the country. This is a flimsy argument. not been granted powers much beyond the skeptics includes ‘national’ (mostly get better from now on. The bad news is National maps can’t be altered so easily. Local Self-Government Act. The additional Bahun-Chhetri) politicians who believe whichever way it turns out eventually, Federalism will only make the state complication is that there is a great overlap that the map is too ethnic-centric, ignores there will be plenty of people ready to burn stronger by giving marginalised citizens a of functions with the provincial Nepal’s mixed settlements and is a recipe the constitution. ON THE WEB www.nepalitimes.com On the blogs LISTEN UP! make the number very visible. business friendly environment. Why East West with Kunda Dixit: Is Some suggestions for TIA (‘Snailport’, 8 Ban smoking everywhere inside and don’t they learn from West Bengal? turning Nepal into Singapore #488). around TIA. Suresh even desirable? 1 Have all TIA staff wear professional Singapore looking uniforms HIGHER GROUND 2 Keep all the bathrooms super-clean GREAT LEAP BACKWARD Thanks for writing something so inspiring 3 Provide free wi-fi. Install power ports Yes, frequent attacks by Maoists and other (‘Café with a conscience’, #488). Most of for people to use laptops, etc. parties on companies operating in Nepal my friends and I dream of owning a Weekly Internet Poll # 489 4 Turn off the damn TV in the final and unnecessary demands make any coffee shop. We can’t help but fantasise Q.Do you agree with the One Madhes waiting hall. Nobody wants to watch investor nervous about Nepal (‘Great leap about our dream coffee shop. But Higher One Pradesh demand? sappy Bollywood movies while waiting backward,’ #488). No doubt the Maoists Ground is more than a coffee shop. Total votes: 3,714 for their plane. have done the most damage. During Being a big fan of its coffee and desserts 5 Have an visible information booth. wartime they destroyed all the plus its ambience, I can’t help but ask 6 Recruit and retain a diverse set of infrastructure we had in the rural areas myself if I could do something so competent staff to represent TIA as a because they wanted to create a vacuum.
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