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New Genera and Species of Idiocerine Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar

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New Genera and Species of Idiocerine Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar Biosystematica ISSN: 0973-7871(online) New Genera and Species of Idiocerine Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar C.A. VIRAKTAMATH Department of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065, India Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT - Five genera of Idiocerinae, Burmascopus gen. nov. (type species: Idiocerus fasciolatus Distant) from Myanmar, Ceylonoscopus gen. nov. (type species: Ceylonoscopus quadripunctatus sp. nov.), Lankacerus gen. nov. (type species: Lankacerus rotundus sp. nov.), Neoscopus sp. nov. (type species: Neoscopus ceylonensis sp. nov) all three from Sri Lanka and Nilgiriscopus gen. nov. (type species: Niligiriscopus transversus sp. nov.) from south India are described and the type species are described and illustrated. A key to the known idiocerine genera of the Indian subcontinent is also provided. KEY WORDS - Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Idiocerinae, new genus, key, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar Introduction and Viraktamath (1998) revised the genus from the subcontinent. Maldonado-Capriles (1961, 1970) revised The Idiocerinae is a small subfamily of the leafhopper the genus Balocha (type species Balocha tricolor family Cicadellidae distributed in all the zoogeographic Distant) and Kameswara Rao & Ramakrishnan (1979) regions. The leafhoppers of the subfamily are recognized described two species from India. Maldonado-Capriles by the following set of characters. Head wider than (1964) in addition to transferring a number of species pronotum, ocelli on face, as far apart from each other earlier placed in Idiocerus to Idioscopus, revised the as they are from adjacent eye; facial sutures extending genus Busonia and described the genera Busoniomimus beyond antennal pits; distance between antennal bases (Maldonado-Capriles, 1977) and Paraidioscopus greater than that between ocelli; pronotum with short, (Maldonado-Capriles, 1964). Viraktamath & Sohi (1994) rounded lateral margins; forewing with large appendix; showed the occurrence of the true species of the genus hind wing with four apical closed cells. Idiocerus from the Sub-Himalayan region. Two genera Distant (1908, 1916) treated species of Idiocerinae with rugose pronotum, Tasnimocerus Ghauri (1975) from the Indian subcontinent in the genera Idiocerus (type species: Tasnimocerus clypeatus Ghauri) and Lewis, Balocha Distant and Busonia Distant. Baker Jogocerus Viraktamath (1979a) (type species: (1915) established the genus Idioscopus (type species: Jogocerus freytagi Viraktamath) were described. Idiocerus clypealis Lethierry) and Viraktamath (1973, Viraktamath and Parvathi (2002) described the genus 1976, 1979a, 1979b) added species to this genus from Periacerus (type species; Idioscopus lalithae the subcontinent. Anufriev (1970) described the genus Viraktamath). At present 10 genera and 43 species are Amritodus (type species: Idiocerus atkinsoni Lethierry) known to occur in the subcontinent. © Prof. T.C. Narenderan Trust for Animal Taxonomy Biosystematica, 2007, 1(1): 21-30 http://www.tcntrust.org/journal.php 21 22 C.A. VIRAKTAMATH In the Indian subcontinent Idiocerinae breed on trees - Clypellus narrower at base compared to apex; and shrubs. Most species of the genera Idioscopus and aedeagus with well developed dorsal apodeme; Amritodus use species of Anacardiaceae as breeding pygophore with a ventral process ........................ hosts (Viraktamath, 1989), whereas those of Balocha ........................................ Jogocerus Viraktamath use species of Sizygium of the family Myrtaceae 6. Face with frontal suture beyond antennal pit .... 7 (Viraktamath unpublished)) and those of Idiocerus use Cedrus (Coniferae) (Viraktamath & Sohi, 1994). At least - Face without frontal sutures beyond antennal pits; three species of Idioscopus and two species of Amritodus inner apical cell very large....... Busonia Distant are pestiferous on mango (Mangifera indica L.) 7. Forewing with third apical cell stalked (Viraktamath, 1989). Busoniomimus manjunathi (pedunculate); breeding on plants of the genus Viraktamath & Viraktamath causes damage to Garcinia Sizygium .................................. Balocha Distant combogia (Mathew et al. 2002). - Forewing without stalked apical cells .............. 8 Examination of leafhoppers in the Natural History Museum, London (BMNH) and U.S. National Museum 8. Hind femoral spinulation 2+1 ........................... 9 of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, - Hind femoral spinulation 2+0 ..... Idiocrus Lewis D.C. USA (USNM) from south India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar revealed the presence of new genera and 9. Male pygophore with triangular projection on species which are described and illustrated here. ventral margin; aedeagus pustulate...................... ...................Busoniamimus Maldonado-Capriles - Male pygophore and aedeagus not as above ... 10 Key to Idiocerine genera of the Indian subcontinent 10. Male style with abbreviated apical apophysis (Fig. 8); aedeagus longer than style ............................. 1. Forewing without cross veins before apical cross ...................................... Burmascopus gen. nov. veins (Figs 36, 40) ............................................ 2 - Male style with elongate apical apophysis (Fig.14); - Forewing with at least one cross vein before aedeagus shorter than style .............................. 11 apical cross veins (Figs 5, 22) .......................... 3 11. Male subgenital plate with stouter short setae in 2. Clavus with one vein (Fig. 36); male pygophore and addition to hair-like setae (Fig. 11, 15)................ anal collar without processes (Figs 27) ............... ..................................... Ceylonoscopus gen. nov. ......................................... Lankacerus gen. nov. - Male subgenital plate with only long hair-like setae - Clavus with two veins; male pygophore and anal ......................................................................... 12 collar with processes (Fig. 39)............................. ............................................ Neoscopus gen. nov. 12. Male style apical apophysis with expanded processes laterally (Fig. 26) ................................. 3. Pronotum with transverse rugae ....................... 4 .................... Periacerus Viraktamath & Parvathi - Pronotum without transverse rugae .................. 6 - Male style with apical apophysis without such 4. Clypellus parallel sided (Fig. 64); both anal collar expansions ....................................................... 13 and pygophore without processes (Fig. 55)......... 13. Aedeagal shaft slender, sinuate (Fig. 54) ............ ........................................ Nilgiriscopus gen. nov. .................. Paraidioscopus Maldonado-Capriles - Clypellus either narrowed or widened at apex, not - Aedeagus not as above (Figs 24, 51) ............... 14 parallel sided; either anal collar or pygophore or both with processes ........................................... 5 14. Aedeagus with elongated preatrium, shaft comparatively short (Fig. 24, 25) ........................ 5. Clypellus broad at base; aedeagus with poorly ............................................. Amritodus Anufriev developed dorsal apodeme, pygophore without ventral process ................ Tasnimocerus Ghauri - Aedeagus without preatrium, shaft elongate (Fig. 51); if preatrium long, and shaft short, then apex of Biosystematica, 2007, 1(1) New Genera and Species of Idiocerine Leafhoppers 23 shaft is drawn out into a slender (Fig. 53), recurved MYANMAR [BMNH, examined]. process and style with a lateral tooth near apex (Fig. Sexually dimorphic. 52) ...........................................Idioscopus Baker Female. Ochraceous. Vertex with a stripe on either side of median line, brownish; a spot on anterior area on Burmascopus gen. nov. either side, visible in dorsal and ventral aspect, black. Face with brown stripe across ocelli, areas surrounding Type species: Idiocerus fasciolatus Distant 1908:186 each ocellus on outside margin whitish, a spot on either Ochraceous with brown markings, sexually dimorphic. side of inner lower margin, black. Lateral margins of Head broader than pronotum, shagreen. Face frontal suture below antennal pits, clypeus and inner shagreen. Ocelli closer to adjacent eyes than to each margin of genae along side, dark brown. Clypellus and other. Facial sulci reaching ocelli. Antennal ledges adjacent area on lower part of lora dark brown. prominent. Clypellus as broad at base as at apex, but narrowed at midlength. Lora slightly raised above level of genae. Labium extending beyond mesocoxae. A spine on each side of gena below eye. Pronotum and scutellum shagreen. Forewing with two subapical cells, inner subapical cell open behind, four apical cells, outer apical cell longest; clavus with two veins. Hind femoral spinulation 2+1. hind tibial spinulation R1 17-18, R2 6, R3 7-8. Hind basitarsus with three platellae. Male eighth sternite medially produced, lateral angles lobe-like. Male pygophore with basal anterior fracture, dorsal apodeme on anterior margin well developed with a ventral process. Anal collar with a process. Subgenital plate narrow, long, with marginal long hair-like setae. Style short, with subapical lobe absent, apical apophysis short directed caudally with a row of marginal setae on lateral margin of body and another row near apex. Connective with anterior margin trilobed, lateral margin concave. Aedeagus elongate, slender, preatrium longer than shaft, dorsal
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