DOCSLIB.ORG

Maxillopoda) from the Mediterranean Deep Waters Off Corsica

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Maxillopoda) from the Mediterranean Deep Waters Off Corsica Bijdragen lot de Dierkunde, 59 (4) 243-249 (1989) SPB Academie Publishing bv, The Hague A tantulocaridan Dicrotrichura tricincta gen. et spec. nov.: new (Crustacea: Maxillopoda) from the Mediterranean deep waters off Corsica Rony Huys MarineBiology Section, Zoology Institute, State University of Gent, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000 Gent, Netherlands Belgium and Delta Institutefor Hydrobiological Research, Vierstraat 28, 4401EA Yerseke, The water Keywords: Tantulocarida, Dicrotrichura tricincta gen. et sp. nov., Mediterranean, deep Summary small-sized maxillopodan genera Basipodella Beck- er and Deoterthron Bradford& Hewitt, the number The new genus and species, Dicrotrichura tricincta, is described of divided in nine species has raised to 17, at present from deep mud (1220 m) in the Ligurian Sea (western Mediterra- and five families Lincoln genera (Boxshall & 1987; nean). It is the first tantulocaridan not found to be attached to Huys in press). All tantulocaridanshitherto known a crustacean host but free living in the sediment. It is assigned are of other crustaceans. to the Deoterthridae on the basis of the absence of a rostrum, obligate ectoparasites the abdominal segmentationand the characteristic cephalic pore Most species show a high level of host specificity pattern. It can be distinguished from all known tantulocaridans and utilize harpacticoids, tanaids or isopods as in the presence of peculiar, bi-articulated caudal setae and the hosts although a few species are known to parasitize difference in thoracopodal setation between leg 2 and legs 3-5. ostracods and cumaceans. Boxshall & Lincoln Some new structures located on the attachment disc are an excellent of the described for the first time. D. tricincta is the second tan- (1987) provide analysis highly abbreviated life which tulocaridan to be recorded from the Mediterranean. cycle includes an infective tantuluslarva, a swollen sac-like female and a free- swimming male. Starobogatov's (1986) untenable Résumé to the Tantulocarida proposal group (as a super- Dicrotrichura tricincta n. n. le second Tantulocaride g., sp. est order Basipodelliformii) together with the gymno- connu provenant de la Méditerranée. Il provient de la vase plean copepods in the infraclass Calanioini was re- profonde (1220 m) de la Mer Ligurienne (Méditerranéeocciden- jected by Grygier & Sieg (1988) and Boxshall & tale). D. tricincta est le premier tantulocaride vivant libre dans Huys (1989). The latter authors, inspired by the ho- le sédiment, et non attaché à un Crustacé hôte. L’absence d’un of the male tantulocaridan rostre, la segmentationabdominale et le patron caractéristique mology penis, suggested des céphaliques le classent dans la famille des Deoterthri- instead pores that their relationships may lie with the D. dae. tricincta se distingue de tous les Tantulocarides connus 'thecostracan group' of Maxillopoda which in- la de soies caudales bi-articulées différence par présence et par la cludes also the Ostracoda, Branchiura and Theco- entre la position et le nombre des soies sur les thoracopodes 2 et straca Une (sensu Grygier, 1987). 3 à 5. description est donnée de structures nouvelles sur le Tantulocaridans disque d’attachement. are very uncommon in the Med- iterranean but this should primarily be attributed to the low levpl of sampling effort in this area, Introduction rather than to any defined zoogeographical pat- Since Boxshall & Lincoln (1983) formally estab- terns. The only mediterraneanfind thus far, consti- lished the class Tantulocaridato accommodate the tutes in fact the first record of a tantulocaridan, * Contribution No. 452 of the Delta Institute for Hydrobiological Research, Yerseke. 244 R. Huys - Mediterranean deepwater Tantulocaridan such. abdomen. however, without having been recognized as pedigerous somites, and a 2-segmented In 1903 Bonnier described Cumoniscus kruppi on First thoracic tergite largely concealed beneath of dorsal shield. the basis of a single specimen, obviously a female, posterior margin cephalic Cephalic of ornamentation of 4 and referred the species to an unnamed family shield triangular; consisting an- at surface lamel- epicaridean isopods. It was collected by dredging terior plus 6 posterior pairs of pores, C. lae absent. curved in lateral 1000 m depth near the Isle of Capri, Italy. krup- Cephalic stylet slightly found of view. 1 5 each pi was attached to an undescribed species Thoracopods to with unsegmented Leuconidae and represents thus far the only pub- protopod bearing a well developed medial endite. lished account of a cumacean-infesting tan- Exopod of thoracopods 1 to 5 apparently 1-seg- unable tulocarid. Boxshall & Lincoln(1987) were to mentedwith 2 (leg 1), 3 (leg 2), or 4 setae (legs 3-5). place the species in any of the existing families be- Endopod 1-segmented with 0 (leg 1) or 2 setae (legs cause of lack of detailed information (Bonnier did 2-5). Thoracopod 6 without distinct rami, with not give any illustrations) and because both the coupling spines on medial margin of protopod and male and the tantulus are unknown. Hence, they 2 setae apically. Second abdominal somite with 3 sedis the somite. ranked Bonnier's species as incertae within transverse lamellae running around the class and regarded the sac-like habitus and the an- Caudal rami distinct, armed with 1 short and 2 teriorly located, minute adhesive disc as sufficient long, bi-articulate setae. Host unknown. evidence to keep C. kruppi in the Tantulocarida. Most recently Boxshall (pers. comm.) found a sec- Etymology. - The generic name is derived from the ond cumacean-parasitizing tantulocaridan, proba- Greek dikroös, meaning forked, trichos, meaning from in tail bly belonging to Cumoniscus, deep water hair, and oura, meaning and refers to the the Gulf of Biscay. peculiarly shaped, caudal setae. Gender: feminine. tantulus from 1220 A single was caught m depth in theLigurian Sea (western Mediterranean), repre- Type and only species. - Dicrotrichura tricincta Deoterthridae senting a new genus and species of spec. nov. described below. It is the first record of a tantulus attached but stage not found to a crustacean host, living free in the sediment. Description Dicrotrichura tricincta spec. nov. (figs. 1A-B; Methods 2A-E) The holotype tantulus was examined as a temporary preparation Tantulus larva in glycerin. All drawings were made under oil immersion using a Leitz Dialux 20 microscope with interference contrast. Judi- Body (figs. 1A-B) comprising a cephalon covered cious manipulationof the coverslip allowed careful examination free and by a dorsal shield, 6 thoracic somites, a of the detailed morphology of the thoracopods and the cepha- 2-segmented abdomen. Totalbody length about 83 lon. After completing the description, the specimen was trans- ferred to lactophenol mounting medium and the preparation /jm, measured from the tip of the cephalon to the BDH was sealed with glyceel (Gurr®, Chemicals Ltd, Poole, posterior margin of the abdomen. Cephalon trian- England). gular, tapering anteriorly towards the oral disc; posterior margin straight with posterolateral angles Taxonomy represented by slightly pronounced lobes; ventro- lateral margins with incision. Cephalic shield about Dicrotrichura gen. nov. 1.14 times longer than wide (32 /xm X 28 ¿im); two dorsal, longitudinal surface lamellae extend to the Diagnosis. — Class Tantulocarida. Family Deoter- basis of the oral disc. The rostrum is absent. The thridae. 6 oral disc is in diameterand is Tantulus larva comprising cephalon, about 8.5 /¿m posi- Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde 59 (4) - 1989 245 Dicrotrichura tricincta view Fig. I. gen. et sp. n. A, holotype tantulus, dorsal view; B, same, lateral (thoracopodal setae omitted). - 246 R. Huys Mediterranean deepwater Tantulocaridan tioned far anteriorly so that it is visible in dorsal dite proximally, two spiny processes along the outer the disc the dorsal distal aspect; is invaginated at midline, margin and two spinous processes at the outer filament-like the lateral margins each have 3 struc- corner. Under light microscope a subapical spine tures, the ventral margin forms a lobe-like exten- and a blunt process are visible on the edite. Rami sion which is basally directed. A peculiar funnel- one-segmented. Exopod short, with two strong and middorsal inci- shaped organ is discernible near the one (leg 2) or two (legs 3-5) slender naked setae. sion of the oral disc; this slender, hollow structure Endopod one-segmented, long, with swollen basal minute and further and thin-walled distal armed has a pore apically seems to run part a tapering part; towards muscle-like strand which is with two setae with internally a outer-margin laterally; apex in comparable both in appearance and position two processes, the outer one being spatulate. with the striated organ mentionedin earlier descrip- Sixth thoracopod (fig. 2D) with simple protopod tions. Internal structures other than the cephalic lacking medial endite, but bearing two coupling stylet were too small for them to be described ade- spines on the medial margin; outer margin with 3 quately. There are 10 pairs of simple pores on the spinous processes. Rami not distinct but possibly sides shield; 4 pairs in the anterior part (on both ar- represented each by a vestige bearing a strong ranged in the typical deoterthrid L-pattern) and 6 naked seta. of which is in pairs around the posterior margin 1 pair The abdomen(figs. 1 A—B; 2E) 15 /¿m length is located subdorsally and another one surrounds a and two-segmented. The first abdominal somite is of the covered 2.9 times wider than 3 the tiny sensillum; some pores were by long (8.7 /¿m x /¿m), small bulb-shaped bodies of hyaline substance. The second 1.2 times longer than wide (12 /¿m x 10 ventral surface of the shield lacks pores and lamel- /xm). First somite without surface ornamentation. lae altogether. There are no cephalic appendages. Second somite tapering anteriorly; ornamented is about and with lamellae The cephalic stylet 22 /¿m long slight- 3 ring-shaped transverse giving the curved both in dorsal and in lateral view. The somite Ventral ly tip a 4-segmented appearance.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Anchialine Cave Biology in the Era of Speleogenomics Jorge L
    International Journal of Speleology 45 (2) 149-170 Tampa, FL (USA) May 2016 Available online at scholarcommons.usf.edu/ijs International Journal of Speleology Off icial Journal of Union Internationale de Spéléologie Life in the Underworld: Anchialine cave biology in the era of speleogenomics Jorge L. Pérez-Moreno1*, Thomas M. Iliffe2, and Heather D. Bracken-Grissom1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Biscayne Bay Campus, North Miami FL 33181, USA 2Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77553, USA Abstract: Anchialine caves contain haline bodies of water with underground connections to the ocean and limited exposure to open air. Despite being found on islands and peninsular coastlines around the world, the isolation of anchialine systems has facilitated the evolution of high levels of endemism among their inhabitants. The unique characteristics of anchialine caves and of their predominantly crustacean biodiversity nominate them as particularly interesting study subjects for evolutionary biology. However, there is presently a distinct scarcity of modern molecular methods being employed in the study of anchialine cave ecosystems. The use of current and emerging molecular techniques, e.g., next-generation sequencing (NGS), bestows an exceptional opportunity to answer a variety of long-standing questions pertaining to the realms of speciation, biogeography, population genetics, and evolution, as well as the emergence of extraordinary morphological and physiological adaptations to these unique environments. The integration of NGS methodologies with traditional taxonomic and ecological methods will help elucidate the unique characteristics and evolutionary history of anchialine cave fauna, and thus the significance of their conservation in face of current and future anthropogenic threats.
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa,Crustacean Classification
    Zootaxa 1668: 313–325 (2007) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2007 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Crustacean classification: on-going controversies and unresolved problems* GEOFF A. BOXSHALL Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] *In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668, 1–766. Table of contents Abstract . 313 Introduction . 313 Treatment of parasitic Crustacea . 315 Affinities of the Remipedia . 316 Validity of the Entomostraca . 318 Exopodites and epipodites . 319 Using of larval characters in estimating phylogenetic relationships . 320 Fossils and the crustacean stem lineage . 321 Acknowledgements . 322 References . 322 Abstract The journey from Linnaeus’s original treatment to modern crustacean systematics is briefly characterised. Progress in our understanding of phylogenetic relationships within the Crustacea is linked to continuing discoveries of new taxa, to advances in theory and to improvements in methodology. Six themes are discussed that serve to illustrate some of the major on-going controversies and unresolved problems in the field as well as to illustrate changes that have taken place since the time of Linnaeus. These themes are: 1. the treatment of parasitic Crustacea, 2. the affinities of the Remipedia, 3. the validity of the Entomostraca, 4. exopodites and epipodites, 5. using larval characters in estimating phylogenetic rela- tionships, and 6. fossils and the crustacean stem-lineage. It is concluded that the development of the stem lineage concept for the Crustacea has been dominated by consideration of taxa known only from larval or immature stages.
    [Show full text]
  • Order HARPACTICOIDA Manual Versión Española
    Revista IDE@ - SEA, nº 91B (30-06-2015): 1–12. ISSN 2386-7183 1 Ibero Diversidad Entomológica @ccesible www.sea-entomologia.org/IDE@ Class: Maxillopoda: Copepoda Order HARPACTICOIDA Manual Versión española CLASS MAXILLOPODA: SUBCLASS COPEPODA: Order Harpacticoida Maria José Caramujo CE3C – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal. [email protected] 1. Brief definition of the group and main diagnosing characters The Harpacticoida is one of the orders of the subclass Copepoda, and includes mainly free-living epibenthic aquatic organisms, although many species have successfully exploited other habitats, including semi-terrestial habitats and have established symbiotic relationships with other metazoans. Harpacticoids have a size range between 0.2 and 2.5 mm and have a podoplean morphology. This morphology is char- acterized by a body formed by several articulated segments, metameres or somites that form two separate regions; the anterior prosome and the posterior urosome. The division between the urosome and prosome may be present as a constriction in the more cylindric shaped harpacticoid families (e.g. Ectinosomatidae) or may be very pronounced in other familes (e.g. Tisbidae). The adults retain the central eye of the larval stages, with the exception of some underground species that lack visual organs. The harpacticoids have shorter first antennae, and relatively wider urosome than the copepods from other orders. The basic body plan of harpacticoids is more adapted to life in the benthic environment than in the pelagic environment i.e. they are more vermiform in shape than other copepods. Harpacticoida is a very diverse group of copepods both in terms of morphological diversity and in the species-richness of some of the families.
    [Show full text]
  • Crustaceans Topics in Biodiversity
    Topics in Biodiversity The Encyclopedia of Life is an unprecedented effort to gather scientific knowledge about all life on earth- multimedia, information, facts, and more. Learn more at eol.org. Crustaceans Authors: Simone Nunes Brandão, Zoologisches Museum Hamburg Jen Hammock, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Frank Ferrari, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Photo credit: Blue Crab (Callinectes sapidus) by Jeremy Thorpe, Flickr: EOL Images. CC BY-NC-SA Defining the crustacean The Latin root, crustaceus, "having a crust or shell," really doesn’t entirely narrow it down to crustaceans. They belong to the phylum Arthropoda, as do insects, arachnids, and many other groups; all arthropods have hard exoskeletons or shells, segmented bodies, and jointed limbs. Crustaceans are usually distinguishable from the other arthropods in several important ways, chiefly: Biramous appendages. Most crustaceans have appendages or limbs that are split into two, usually segmented, branches. Both branches originate on the same proximal segment. Larvae. Early in development, most crustaceans go through a series of larval stages, the first being the nauplius larva, in which only a few limbs are present, near the front on the body; crustaceans add their more posterior limbs as they grow and develop further. The nauplius larva is unique to Crustacea. Eyes. The early larval stages of crustaceans have a single, simple, median eye composed of three similar, closely opposed parts. This larval eye, or “naupliar eye,” often disappears later in development, but on some crustaceans (e.g., the branchiopod Triops) it is retained even after the adult compound eyes have developed. In all copepod crustaceans, this larval eye is retained throughout their development as the 1 only eye, although the three similar parts may separate and each become associated with their own cuticular lens.
    [Show full text]
  • Remarkable Convergent Evolution in Specialized Parasitic Thecostraca (Crustacea)
    Remarkable convergent evolution in specialized parasitic Thecostraca (Crustacea) Pérez-Losada, Marcos; Høeg, Jens Thorvald; Crandall, Keith A Published in: BMC Biology DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-7-15 Publication date: 2009 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Citation for published version (APA): Pérez-Losada, M., Høeg, J. T., & Crandall, K. A. (2009). Remarkable convergent evolution in specialized parasitic Thecostraca (Crustacea). BMC Biology, 7(15), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-7-15 Download date: 25. Sep. 2021 BMC Biology BioMed Central Research article Open Access Remarkable convergent evolution in specialized parasitic Thecostraca (Crustacea) Marcos Pérez-Losada*1, JensTHøeg2 and Keith A Crandall3 Address: 1CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Portugal, 2Comparative Zoology, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark and 3Department of Biology and Monte L Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA Email: Marcos Pérez-Losada* - [email protected]; Jens T Høeg - [email protected]; Keith A Crandall - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 17 April 2009 Received: 10 December 2008 Accepted: 17 April 2009 BMC Biology 2009, 7:15 doi:10.1186/1741-7007-7-15 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7007/7/15 © 2009 Pérez-Losada et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans
    Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans by Robert George Young A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Robert George Young, March, 2016 ABSTRACT MOLECULAR SPECIES DELIMITATION AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF CANADIAN MARINE PLANKTONIC CRUSTACEANS Robert George Young Advisors: University of Guelph, 2016 Dr. Sarah Adamowicz Dr. Cathryn Abbott Zooplankton are a major component of the marine environment in both diversity and biomass and are a crucial source of nutrients for organisms at higher trophic levels. Unfortunately, marine zooplankton biodiversity is not well known because of difficult morphological identifications and lack of taxonomic experts for many groups. In addition, the large taxonomic diversity present in plankton and low sampling coverage pose challenges in obtaining a better understanding of true zooplankton diversity. Molecular identification tools, like DNA barcoding, have been successfully used to identify marine planktonic specimens to a species. However, the behaviour of methods for specimen identification and species delimitation remain untested for taxonomically diverse and widely-distributed marine zooplanktonic groups. Using Canadian marine planktonic crustacean collections, I generated a multi-gene data set including COI-5P and 18S-V4 molecular markers of morphologically-identified Copepoda and Thecostraca (Multicrustacea: Hexanauplia) species. I used this data set to assess generalities in the genetic divergence patterns and to determine if a barcode gap exists separating interspecific and intraspecific molecular divergences, which can reliably delimit specimens into species. I then used this information to evaluate the North Pacific, Arctic, and North Atlantic biogeography of marine Calanoida (Hexanauplia: Copepoda) plankton.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Bibliography of Taxonomic Literature
    Bibliography of taxonomic literature for marine and brackish water Fauna and Flora of the North East Atlantic. Compiled by: Tim Worsfold Reviewed by: David Hall, NMBAQCS Project Manager Edited by: Myles O'Reilly, Contract Manager, SEPA Contact: [email protected] APEM Ltd. Date of Issue: February 2018 Bibliography of taxonomic literature 2017/18 (Year 24) 1. Introduction 3 1.1 References for introduction 5 2. Identification literature for benthic invertebrates (by taxonomic group) 5 2.1 General 5 2.2 Protozoa 7 2.3 Porifera 7 2.4 Cnidaria 8 2.5 Entoprocta 13 2.6 Platyhelminthes 13 2.7 Gnathostomulida 16 2.8 Nemertea 16 2.9 Rotifera 17 2.10 Gastrotricha 18 2.11 Nematoda 18 2.12 Kinorhyncha 19 2.13 Loricifera 20 2.14 Echiura 20 2.15 Sipuncula 20 2.16 Priapulida 21 2.17 Annelida 22 2.18 Arthropoda 76 2.19 Tardigrada 117 2.20 Mollusca 118 2.21 Brachiopoda 141 2.22 Cycliophora 141 2.23 Phoronida 141 2.24 Bryozoa 141 2.25 Chaetognatha 144 2.26 Echinodermata 144 2.27 Hemichordata 146 2.28 Chordata 146 3. Identification literature for fish 148 4. Identification literature for marine zooplankton 151 4.1 General 151 4.2 Protozoa 152 NMBAQC Scheme – Bibliography of taxonomic literature 2 4.3 Cnidaria 153 4.4 Ctenophora 156 4.5 Nemertea 156 4.6 Rotifera 156 4.7 Annelida 157 4.8 Arthropoda 157 4.9 Mollusca 167 4.10 Phoronida 169 4.11 Bryozoa 169 4.12 Chaetognatha 169 4.13 Echinodermata 169 4.14 Hemichordata 169 4.15 Chordata 169 5.
    [Show full text]
  • Cirripedios CD.Pdf
    F R E P L A T A COMISIÓN ADMINISTRADORA DEL RÍO DE LA PLATA COMISIÓN TÉCNICA MIXTA DEL FRENTE MARÍTIMO Proyecto PROTECCIÓN AMBIENTAL DEL RÍO DE LA PLATA Y SU FRENTE MARÍTIMO: PREVENCIÓN Y CONTROL DE LA CONTAMINACIÓN Y RESTAURACIÓN DE HÁBITATS Proyecto PNUD/GEF RLA/99/G31 Subproyecto ESPECIES ANIMALES BENTÓNICAS INTRODUCIDAS, ACTUAL O POTENCIALMENTE INVASORAS EN EL SISTEMA DEL RIO DE LA PLATA Y LA REGION COSTERA OCEÁNICA ALEDAÑA DEL URUGUAY Y DE LA ARGENTINA. ALCANCE: DIAGNÓSTICO DE SITUACIÓN. RESPONSABLE: Pablo Enrique Penchaszadeh MUSEO ARGENTINO DE CIENCIAS NATURALES “BERNARDINO RIVADAVIA” Buenos Aires 2003 Este informe puede ser citado como This report may be cited as: Penchaszadeh, P.E., M.E. Borges, C. Damborenea, G. Darrigran, S. Obenat, G. Pastorino, E. Schwindt y E. Spivak. 2003. Especies animales bentónicas introducidas, actual o potencialmente invasoras en el sistema del Río de la Plata y la región costera oceánica aledaña del Uruguay y de la Argentina. En “Protección ambiental del Río de la Plata y su frente marítimo: prevención y control de la contaminación y restauración de habitats” Proyecto PNUD/GEF RLA/99/g31, 357 páginas (2003). Editor: Pablo E. Penchaszadeh Asistentes al editor: Guido Pastorino, Martin Brögger y Juan Pablo Livore. 2 TABLA DE CONTENIDOS RESUMEN ...................................................................................................................... 7 INTRODUCCIÓN........................................................................................................ 11 ALGUNAS DEFINICIONES.............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Tantulocaridan Life Cycle: the Circle Closed?
    JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY, 13(3): 432-442, 1993 THE TANTULOCARIDAN LIFE CYCLE: THE CIRCLE CLOSED? Rony Huys, Geoffrey A. Boxshall, and Roger J. Lincoln ABSTRACT The discovery of a new stage in the life cycle of the Tantulocarida is reported. A sexual female, collected from a deep-sea harpacticoid copepod host, was removed from the trunk sac of the preceding tantulus larva. This female is a free-living and nonfeeding stage which pre- sumably mates with the free-swimming adult male previously described. The female comprises a cephalothorax, probably incorporating 2 limbless thoracic somites, 2 free pedigerous trunk somites, and 3 limbless trunk somites. It also possesses paired antennules, the only well-defined cephalic appendages present at any stage in tantulocaridan life history. There is a median genital aperture, the copulatory pore, located ventrally on the cephalothorax at about the level of the incorporated first thoracic somite. This is interpreted as further evidence of a sister-group relationship between the Tantulocarida and the Thecostraca. The known life-cycle stages of the Tantulocarida are now interpreted as forming two cycles, one sexual, the other parthenogenetic. Tantulocaridans are minute ectoparasitic might exist, leading to a large, free-swim- crustaceans that utilize a variety of other ming adult which would be capable of mat- crustacean groups as hosts (Bcxshall and ing with the known adult male. Huys (1991) Lincoln, 1983). The known life cycle of the interpreted the significant variation in penis Tantulocarida, as described by Boxshall and structure in known male tantulocaridans Lincoln (1987), is remarkable for the com- (Huys, 1990) as evidence in support of the plete lack of any typical crustacean molting existence of a sexual female with comple- process.
    [Show full text]
  • A Possible 150 Million Years Old Cirripede Crustacean Nauplius and the Phenomenon of Giant Larvae
    Contributions to Zoology, 86 (3) 213-227 (2017) A possible 150 million years old cirripede crustacean nauplius and the phenomenon of giant larvae Christina Nagler1, 4, Jens T. Høeg2, Carolin Haug1, 3, Joachim T. Haug1, 3 1 Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2, 82152 Planegg- Martinsried, Germany 2 Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark 3 GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, 80333 Munich, Germany 4 E-mail: [email protected] Key words: nauplius, metamorphosis, palaeo-evo-devo, Cirripedia, Solnhofen lithographic limestones Abstract The possible function of giant larvae ................................ 222 Interpretation of the present case ....................................... 223 The larval phase of metazoans can be interpreted as a discrete Acknowledgements ....................................................................... 223 post-embryonic period. Larvae have been usually considered to References ...................................................................................... 223 be small, yet some metazoans possess unusually large larvae, or giant larvae. Here, we report a possible case of such a giant larva from the Upper Jurassic Solnhofen Lithographic limestones (150 Introduction million years old, southern Germany), most likely representing an immature cirripede crustacean (barnacles and their relatives). The single specimen was documented with up-to-date
    [Show full text]
  • Barnacle Editor Workshop
    Barnacle Editor Workshop VLIZ InnovOcean Site Wandelaarkaai 7 – entrance Pakhuis 61 (UNESCO) B-8400 Oostende, Belgium February 24-28, 2020 Final Report Barnacle Participants: Keith Crandall, Meeting Organizer, George Washington University, Washington, DC USA Jens Hoeg, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Marcos Pérez-Losada, George Washington University, Washington, DC USA Benny Chan, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan Henrick Glenner, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway Andy Gale, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom Niklas Dreyer, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan WoRMS Data Management Team (DMT): Stefanie Dekeyzer (Meeting Coordinator) Bart Vanhoorne Wim Decock Leen Vandepitte Target Group: The barnacles – more specifically, the broader group of Thecostraca including the traditional barnacles (Cirripedia) as well as the related groups of Facetotecta and Ascothoracida. The thecostracan barnacles rank among the most commonly encountered marine crustaceans in the world. They deviate from almost all other Crustacea in that only the larvae are free-living, while the adults are permanently sessile and morphologically highly specialized as filter feeders or parasites. In the most recent classifications of the crustacean Maxillopoda 1 and latest phylogenetic analyses 2-4 the Thecostraca sensu Grygier 5, comprising the Facetotecta, Ascothoracida, and Cirripedia, form monophyletic assemblages. Barnacle phylogenetics has advanced greatly over the last 10 years. Nonetheless, the relationships and taxonomic status of some groups within these three infraclasses are still a matter of debate. While the barnacles where the focus of Darwin’s detailed taxonomic work, there has not been a comprehensive review of the species of barnacles as a whole since Darwin. As a consequence, the barnacle entries within the WoRMS Database is woefully out of date taxonomically and missing many, many species and higher taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Arthropoda
    1 1 2 Introduction to Arthropoda The arthropods are the most successful phylum of animals, both in diversity of distribution and in numbers of species and individuals. They have adapted successfully to life in water, on land and in the air. About 80% of all known animal species belong to the Arthropoda - about 800,000 species have been described, and recent estimates put the total number of species in the phylum at about 6 million. Evolution : • Probably evolved from a Peripatus - like ancestor, which in turn evolved from a segmented worm Metamerism • Metamerism- body is segmented. Exoskeleton and metamerism causes molting Exoskeleto • Exoskeleton- body covered with a hard external skeleton • Why an exoskeleton? • Why not bones? Exoskeleton good for small things, protects body from damage (rainfall, falling, etc.). • Bones better for large things Bilateral Symmetry : • Bilateral Symmetry- body can be divided into two identical halves Jointed Appendages : • Jointed Appendages- each segment may have one pair of appendages, such as: • legs , wings , mouthparts Open Circulatory System : • Open Circulatory System- blood washes over organs and is not entirely closed by blood vessels. Our system is a closed one Ventral Nerve Cord : • one nerve cord, similar to our spinal column • 2 3 Open Circulatory System Closed Circulatory System Classification : 1-Subphylum Trilobitomorpha 2-Subphylum Cheliceriformes Class Chelicerata Subclass Merostomata (horseshoe crabs) 3- Subclass Arachnida (spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks) Class Pycnogonida (sea
    [Show full text]