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Suriye'li Türkmen Toplumunun Yaşadiklari Ve Arap

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Suriye'li Türkmen Toplumunun Yaşadiklari Ve Arap T.C. İSTANBUL TİCARET ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ İLETİŞİM ANABİLİM DALI MEDYA VE İLETİŞİM SİSTEMLERİ YÜKSEK LİSANS PROGRAMI SURİYE’Lİ TÜRKMEN TOPLUMUNUN YAŞADIKLARI VE ARAP MEDYASININ TÜRKMENLERE BAKIŞ AÇISI Yüksek Lisans Tezi Kadriye AYRIK 100025874 Danışman: Doç. Dr. Oya ŞAKI AYDIN İstanbul, 2017 II SURİYE’Lİ TÜRKMEN TOPLUMUNUN YAŞADIKLARI VE ARAP MEDYASININ TÜRKMENLERE BAKIŞ AÇISI ÖZET Medyanın süregelen çatıĢmaları ve kültürel yapıyı sunmakta önemli iĢlevleri olduğu aĢikârdır. Tarihi ve coğrafi Ģartlar gereği Türkmenler kendilerini Suriye‟de devam eden krizin ortasında bulmuĢlardır. Özellikle de Türkiye‟nin Rus uçağını Türkmen Dağı‟nda düĢürmesi sonucu gözler Türkmenlerin üzerine çevrilip gündeme gelmiĢlerdir. Suriye ve bölgedeki son geliĢmeler neticesinde Türkmenler medyada da büyük ölçekte yer almaktadırlar. Bu çerçevede farklı yayınların Türkmenlere karĢı nasıl bir bakıĢ açıĢı oluĢturduğunu çalıĢmamızda ele almaya çalıĢtık. Bu tezin bir diğer amacı da Türkmen toplumunu çeĢitli yönleriyle tanıtabilmektir. Toplumların tanıtılmasında ve kültürün aktarılmasında medyanın büyük bir payı olduğunu düĢünerek, tez kapsamında Arap Medyasının Türkmen meselesini nasıl yansıttığı örnek haberler üzerinden ele alınacaktır. ÇalıĢmada Suriye‟li Türkmenlerin kim oldukları, nereden geldikleri, Suriye‟de coğrafi olarak nasıl dağıldıkları, bu toplumun Suriye‟de neler yaĢadıkları, Suriye devrimindeki rolleri ve Ģu anki durumları da ele alınmaktadır. Türkmenlerin Suriye‟de yaĢadıkları ile ilgili Arap Medyasında (Suriye sahil Ģeridindeki Türkmenler etnik temizlik tehdidiyle karĢı karĢıya”, “Türkmen azınlığını göçe zorlamak, projeler ve hayaller”, “Türkmen Dağı, Stratejik önem ve bölgesel bahisler”, “Lazkiye kırsalındaki çatıĢmaların Ģiddetlenmesi sonucu Türkmenler Türkiye sınırına akın ettiler”, “Ġki defa bedel ödeyen mağdurlar, Suriye Türkmenleri”, “Esad rejimi taraftarları Türkmenlere toplu katliam uygulama çağrısında bulundular ) gibi yer alan baĢlıklar çalıĢmada inceleme konusu olmuĢtur. ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Suriye Türkmenleri, Arap Medyası, Türkmen Dağı, etnik temizlik. III THE EXPERIENCE OF SYRIAN TURKMEN SOCIETY AND THE ARAB MEDIA’S VIEWS ON THE TURKMENS ABSTRACT It is clear that the media has an important function in presenting continuing strifes and the cultural structure. Turkmen‟s in Syria found themselves in the middle of the ongoing conflict due to the historical and geographical conditions. Especially, Turkmens came under the light when Turkey shoot down the Russian war plane on Turkmen Mountain. Also, with ongoing war in Syria and the region, Turkmens became more visible in news. This study is trying to analyze different views on Turkmens through the related news in media. Another objective of this study is to introduce Turkmen society in Syria from different dimensions. Having in mind that media has a great role in presenting societies and cultures, this paper will be analyzing how Arab media portraited the Turkmen society from the related sample news. This thesis tries to answer who are the Syrian Turkmens, where are they coming from, how they are located geographically, what did they went through in Syria, what is their role in Syrian revolution and what is their current situation. Some of the headlines from the Arab media that were researched are including; “Turkmens on the Syrian shores are facing ethnic cleansing threat”, “Forcing Turkmen minority to exile, projects and dreams”, “Turkmen Mountain, Strategic Importance and Regional Issues”, “Turkmens Rushed to the Turkish Border Due to Escalating Clashes in Lazkiye Country Side”, “Syrian Turkmens; Victims Who Paid Double Price”, “Esad Regime Supporters Called for Massacre to Turkmens”. KEY WORDS: Syrian Turkmens, Arab Media, Turkmen Mountain, ethnic cleansing. IV İÇİNDEKİLER SURĠYE‟LĠ TÜRKMEN TOPLUMUNUN YAġADIKLARI VE ARAP MEDYASININ TÜRKMENLERE BAKIġ AÇISI ........................................................ III ÖZET .............................................................................................................................. III ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................... IV ġEKĠL LĠSTESĠ ........................................................................................................... VIII KISALTMALAR ............................................................................................................ IX GĠRĠġ ................................................................................................................................ 1 1. SURİYE ....................................................................................................................... 4 1.1. Suriye‟nin tarihteki konumu .............................................................................................. 4 1.2. Suriye Ġsminin Kökeni ....................................................................................................... 5 1.3. Tarih ................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3.1. Eski Tarih ........................................................................................................ 6 1.3.2. Emeviler ve Abbasiler ..................................................................................... 7 1.3.3. Osmanlı Suriye‟si ............................................................................................ 9 1.3.4. Krallık, Manda, Birinci Cumhuriyet ............................................................. 10 1.3.5. Ġkinci Cumhuriyet .......................................................................................... 11 1.3.6. Suriye Krizi ................................................................................................... 12 1.4. Coğrafya ........................................................................................................................... 13 1.4.1. Konum ve Arazi ............................................................................................ 13 1.4.2. Ġklim .............................................................................................................. 14 1.4.3. Sular ............................................................................................................... 15 1.4. 4. Bitki Örtüsü ve Hayvan ÇeĢitliliği ............................................................... 15 1.5. Nüfus ve YerleĢme ........................................................................................................... 16 1.5.1. Etnik ve Dine Dayalı Gruplar ........................................................................ 17 1.5.2. Dil .................................................................................................................. 17 1.6. Siyaset .............................................................................................................................. 18 1.6.1. Devlet Sistemi ............................................................................................... 18 1.6.2. DıĢ ĠliĢkiler .................................................................................................... 19 V 1.6.3. Silahlı Kuvvetlerin Durumu .......................................................................... 19 1.7. Ekonomi ........................................................................................................................... 20 1.8. Kamu Hizmetleri .............................................................................................................. 22 1.8.1. Eğitim ............................................................................................................ 22 1.8.2. Sağlık ............................................................................................................. 23 1.9. Kültürel Yapı .................................................................................................................... 24 1.9.1 Medya ............................................................................................................ 26 1.9.2. Edebiyat ........................................................................................................ 27 2. TÜRKMENLER - SURİYE TÜRKMENLERİ ................................................... 28 2.1. Türkmen Deyiminin Kökeni: ........................................................................................... 28 2.2. Tarih ................................................................................................................................. 29 2.2.1 Türkmenlerin bölgeye hicret tarihleri (ġam‟a hicret): .................................... 29 2.2.2. Türkmenlerin Selçuklu, Abbasi ve Emevilerle gelmeleri: ............................ 31 2.2.3. Osmanlı dönemi ............................................................................................. 32 2.3. Kavrama Hamleleri .......................................................................................................... 33 2.3.1. AraplaĢtırma .................................................................................................. 33 2.4. Nüfus ................................................................................................................................ 34 2.4.1. Suriye Türkmenlerinin nüfus sayımı ............................................................. 34 2.4.2. Suriye Türkmenlerinin coğrafi nüfus dağlımı ............................................... 35 2.5. Türkmenlerin Toplumsal ve Kültürel Yönleri
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