Lithuania's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments Through 2019
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1 KING of CHILDREN Betty Jean Liffton (Biography of Janusz Korczak)
KING OF CHILDREN Betty Jean Liffton (Biography of Janusz Korczak) Who was Janusz Korczak? “The lives of great men are like legends-difficult but beautiful.” Janusz Korczak once wrote, and it was true of his. Yet most Americans have never heard of Korczak, Polish-Jewish children’s writer and educator who is as well known in Europe as Anne Frank. Like her, he died in the Holocaust and left behind a diary; unlike her, he had a chance to escape that fate-a chance he chose not to take. His legend began on August 6, 1942; during the early stages of the Nazi liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto-though his dedication to destitute children was legendary long before the war. When the Germans ordered his famous orphanage evacuated, Korczak was forced to gather together the two hundred children in his care. He led them with quiet dignity on that final march through the ghetto streets to the train that would take them to “resettlement in the East ” -the Nazi euphemism for the death camp Treblinka. He was to die as Henryk Goldszmit, the name he was born with, but it was by his pseudonym that he would be remembered. It was Janusz Korczak who introduced progressive orphanages designed as just communities into Poland, founded the first national children’s newspaper, trained teachers in what we now call moral education, and worked in juvenile courts defending children’s rights. His books How to Love a Child and The Child’s Right to Respect gave parents and teachers new insights into child psychology. -
Lithuania's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments Through 2019
PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:37 constituteproject.org Lithuania's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2019 This complete constitution has been generated from excerpts of texts from the repository of the Comparative Constitutions Project, and distributed on constituteproject.org. constituteproject.org PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:37 Table of contents Preamble . 3 CHAPTER I: THE STATE OF LITHUANIA . 3 CHAPTER II: THE HUMAN BEING AND THE STATE . 5 CHAPTER III: SOCIETY AND THE STATE . 9 CHAPTER IV: NATIONAL ECONOMY AND LABOUR . 11 CHAPTER V: THE SEIMAS . 12 CHAPTER VI: THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC . 18 CHAPTER VII: THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA . 23 CHAPTER VIII: THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT . 26 CHAPTER IX: THE COURTS . 28 CHAPTER X: LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNANCE . 31 CHAPTER XI: FINANCES AND THE STATE BUDGET . 32 CHAPTER XII: STATE CONTROL . 33 CHAPTER XIII: FOREIGN POLICY AND NATIONAL DEFENCE . 34 CHAPTER XIV: ALTERATION OF THE CONSTITUTION . 36 FINAL PROVISIONS . 37 CONSTITUENT PARTS OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA . 38 1. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA ON THE STATE OF LITHUANIA . 38 2. CONSTITUTIONAL ACT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA ON THE NONALIGNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA TO POST-SOVIET EASTERN UNIONS . 38 3. LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA ON THE PROCEDURE FOR ENTRY INTO FORCE OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA . 39 4. CONSTITUTIONAL ACT OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA ON MEMBERSHIP OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA IN THE EUROPEAN UNION . 41 Lithuania -
Annual Financial Statements of the Bank of Lithuania
Annual Financial Statements of the Bank of Lithuania 2018 ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF THE BANK OF LITHUANIA ISSN 1822-8240 (online) © Lietuvos bankas, 2019 2 ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF THE BANK OF LITHUANIA CONTENTS INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT TO THE SEIMAS OF THE REPUBLIC OF LITHUANIA ................ 4 BALANCE SHEET OF THE BANK OF LITHUANIA .......................................................................... 6 PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT OF THE BANK OF LITHUANIA ........................................................ 8 EXPLANATORY NOTES ............................................................................................................. 9 1. BASIS FOR PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION OF THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 9 2. ACCOUNTING POLICY ................................................................................................. 9 3. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT ................................................................................. 14 4. FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES ON OPERATIONS RELATED TO PARTICIPATION IN THE EUROSYSTEM ........................................................................................................ 15 5. POST-BALANCE SHEET EVENTS ................................................................................. 19 6. NOTES ON THE BALANCE SHEET ................................................................................ 19 7. NOTES ON THE PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT .............................................................. 29 8. OTHER NOTES ......................................................................................................... -
Westminsterresearch
WestminsterResearch http://www.westminster.ac.uk/westminsterresearch Socially inherited memory, gender and the public sphere in Poland. Anna Reading School of Media, Arts and Design This is an electronic version of a PhD thesis awarded by the University of Westminster. © The Author, 1996. This is a scanned reproduction of the paper copy held by the University of Westminster library. The WestminsterResearch online digital archive at the University of Westminster aims to make the research output of the University available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the authors and/or copyright owners. Users are permitted to download and/or print one copy for non-commercial private study or research. Further distribution and any use of material from within this archive for profit-making enterprises or for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. Whilst further distribution of specific materials from within this archive is forbidden, you may freely distribute the URL of WestminsterResearch: (http://westminsterresearch.wmin.ac.uk/). In case of abuse or copyright appearing without permission e-mail [email protected] SOCIALLY INHERITED MEMORY, GENDER AND THE PUBLIC SPHERE IN POLAND Anna Reading A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 1996 University of Westminster, London, UK **I have a memory, which is the memory of mother's memory' UNIVERSITY OF WESTMINSTER HARROW IRS CENTRE ABSTRACT More recent theories of the 'revolutions' of 1989 in the societies of Eastern and Central Europe now suggest that the underlying dynamic was continuity rather than disjuncture in terms of social and political relations. Yet such theories fail to explain the nature of and the reasons for this continuity in terms of gender relations in the public sphere. -
Palestine and Poland; a Personal Perspective
1 Nationalism in Comparison: Palestine and Poland; A Personal Perspective Gregory P. Rabb Professor of Political Science Jamestown Community College INTRODUCTION Defining and understanding nationalism in general can be difficult when done without referencing a particular nation or people. This paper is an attempt to understand nationalism in a comparative perspective as recommended by Benedict Anderson in his work entitled “Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism” (2016). Mr. Anderson also recommends understanding nationalism by focusing on the western hemisphere (or so called “new world”) rather than analyzing nationalism in the context of the so-called “old world” from a Euro-centric perspective. I am no Benedict Anderson, but I hope I met his recommendation by understanding nationalism from a personal perspective which I will explain shortly. NATIONALISM When introducing these concepts to my students I talk about the nation-state as the way in which we have organized the world since the Treaty of Westphalia-a Euro-centric perspective. The state is the government, however that is organized, and the nation is the people who are held together by any one or more of the following characteristics: common language, religion, history, ethnicity, and/or national identity including a commitment to a certain set of values (e.g. the emphasis on individual rights and the Constitution as our civil religion as seen in the US) and symbols (e.g. the monarchy and currency in the UK and the flag in the US). We then discuss the “stresses” from above, below, and beside (without) which may be heralding the end of the so-called nation-state era. -
List of Certain Foreign Institutions Classified As Official for Purposes of Reporting on the Treasury International Capital (TIC) Forms
NOT FOR PUBLICATION DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY JANUARY 2001 Revised Aug. 2002, May 2004, May 2005, May/July 2006, June 2007 List of Certain Foreign Institutions classified as Official for Purposes of Reporting on the Treasury International Capital (TIC) Forms The attached list of foreign institutions, which conform to the definition of foreign official institutions on the Treasury International Capital (TIC) Forms, supersedes all previous lists. The definition of foreign official institutions is: "FOREIGN OFFICIAL INSTITUTIONS (FOI) include the following: 1. Treasuries, including ministries of finance, or corresponding departments of national governments; central banks, including all departments thereof; stabilization funds, including official exchange control offices or other government exchange authorities; and diplomatic and consular establishments and other departments and agencies of national governments. 2. International and regional organizations. 3. Banks, corporations, or other agencies (including development banks and other institutions that are majority-owned by central governments) that are fiscal agents of national governments and perform activities similar to those of a treasury, central bank, stabilization fund, or exchange control authority." Although the attached list includes the major foreign official institutions which have come to the attention of the Federal Reserve Banks and the Department of the Treasury, it does not purport to be exhaustive. Whenever a question arises whether or not an institution should, in accordance with the instructions on the TIC forms, be classified as official, the Federal Reserve Bank with which you file reports should be consulted. It should be noted that the list does not in every case include all alternative names applying to the same institution. -
Vitas Vasiliauskas
NBP Biannual EU Presidency Lecture Occasional Paper No. II Vitas Vasiliauskas Beyond the Horizon of Lithuanian Presidency: A Central Banker’s Perspective Warsaw, July 2013 The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Narodowy Bank Polski. Enquiries should be addressed to: Narodowy Bank Polski International Department International Conference Division 00-919 Warsaw, 11/21 Świętokrzyska Street E-mail: [email protected] About the NBP Biannual EU Presidency Lecture The initiative of the NBP Biannual EU Presidency Lecture cycle has been established to provide an opportunity to present the views of the central bank governor of the EU Member State currently holding the Presidency of the Council of the European Union on the Presidency priorities and key economic issues. The lectures are addressed to the participants from Polish financial and economic sector, among others representatives of the diplomatic representations, public administration, private sector, academia, independent research institutions. The second lecture entitled Beyond the Horizon of Lithuanian Presidency: A Central Banker’s Perspective, was presented in Warsaw by Mr Vitas Vasiliauskas, the Chairman of the Bank of Lithuania, on July 3, 2013, during the Lithuanian Presidency. Cover design: Mariusz Jasiński Layout and print: NBP Printshop Published by: Narodowy Bank Polski Education and Publishing Department 00-919 Warszawa, 11/21 Świętokrzyska Street phone: +48 22 653 23 35, fax +48 22 653 13 21 http://www.nbp.pl Vitas Vasiliauskas Beyond the Horizon of Lithuanian Presidency: A Central Banker’s Perspective Vitas Vasiliauskas Chairman of the Board, Bank of Lithuania Dear Ladies and Gentlemen, Thank you very much for the opportunity to address you all here today in the second National Bank of Poland Biannual EU Presidency Lecture. -
European Banking License
Ranked by: EUROPEAN BANKING LICENSE LITHUANIAN SPECIALISED BANK LITHUANIAN SPECIALISED BANK Prestigious pan-European banking license opening world’s biggest single financial market of European Union and European Economic Area. Lithuanian Specialised Bank license issued by the European Central Bank through the Bank of Lithuania (Lithuanian central bank and financial regulator). License opens all EU/EEA banking and financial markets at significantly lower incorporation and operational costs. Banking services provided by Specialised Specialised Bank is only restricted to eur 1 000 000 Bank: provide: MINIMAL CAPITAL Lending Investment or pension fund management REQUIREMENT Payment services Securities brokerage Receipt of deposits Investment advice Currency exchange and other investment management related services Issuing of e-money Issuing guarantees Fund administration Financial leasing LICENSE Financial intermediation FOR ALL Creditworthiness assessment services Safe-deposit box rental EU/EEA AREA and all other traditional banking services 2 ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE SPECIALISED BANK REQUIREMENTS FOR GENERAL MEETING OF THE SHAREHOLDERS THE MANAGEMENT AND KEY FUNCTION HOLDERS Head of the Internal Audit Service SUPERVISORY BOARD Managers of the Specialised Bank must have high repute, the qualification and experience allowing them to perform their duties properly. Audit Committee (AT LEAST 3 MEMBERS) Specialised Bank can start business activities having 10 management employees including supervisory and management board members. There -
'Brandt Falls to His Knees in the Ghetto' from the Frankfurter Allgemeine
‘Brandt falls to his knees in the ghetto’ from the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (8 December 1970) Caption: On 8 December 1970, the day after the signing in Warsaw of the Treaty between the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and Poland, the German daily newspaper Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung comments on Willy Brandt’s genuflection before the monument erected in memory of those who perished in the city’s Jewish ghetto. Source: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. Zeitung für Deutschland. 08.12.1970, Nr. 284. Frankfurt/Main: FAZ Verlag GmbH. "Brandt kniet im Getto nieder", auteur:Henkel, Walter , p. 4. Copyright: (c) Translation CVCE.EU by UNI.LU All rights of reproduction, of public communication, of adaptation, of distribution or of dissemination via Internet, internal network or any other means are strictly reserved in all countries. Consult the legal notice and the terms and conditions of use regarding this site. URL: http://www.cvce.eu/obj/brandt_falls_to_his_knees_in_the_ghetto_from_the_frankf urter_allgemeine_zeitung_8_december_1970-en-c0fab2a4-8b6c-4032-9233- b4ca39c064a6.html Last updated: 24/11/2016 1/4 Brandt falls to his knees in the ghetto Walter Henkel reports on the events in Warsaw Willy Brandt retains his composure even when laying wreaths. He comes across as self-confident — a man with the inestimable advantage of a powerful physique that inspires confidence at an ordinary human level. It takes a great deal to throw him off balance. At monuments of this kind, which are usually referred to in books as memorials, he remains apparently frosty, unemotional and grudging. At 9.30 a.m. yesterday (Monday), he had laid a wreath of white carnations at the Tomb of the Unknown Solder in Warsaw with full military honours. -
NONVIOLENT RESISTANCE in LITHUANIA a Story of Peaceful Liberation
NONVIOLENT RESISTANCE IN LITHUANIA A Story of Peaceful Liberation Grazina Miniotaite The Albert Einstein Institution www.aeinstein.org 2 CONTENTS Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1: Nonviolent Resistance Against Russification in the Nineteenth Century The Goals of Tsarism in Lithuania The Failure of Colonization The Struggle for the Freedom of Religion The Struggle for Lithuanian Press and Education Chapter 2: Resistance to Soviet Rule, 1940–1987 An Overview Postwar Resistance The Struggle for the Freedom of Faith The Struggle for Human and National Rights The Role of Lithuanian Exiles Chapter 3: The Rebirth From Perestroika to the Independence Movement Test of Fortitude The Triumph of Sajudis Chapter 4: Towards Independence The Struggle for Constitutional Change Civil Disobedience Step by Step The Rise of Reactionary Opposition Chapter 5: The Struggle for International Recognition The Declaration of Independence Independence Buttressed: the Battle of Laws First Signs of International Recognition The Economic Blockade The January Events Nonviolent Action in the January Events International Reaction 3 Chapter 6: Towards Civilian-Based Defense Resistance to the “Creeping Occupation” Elements of Civilian-Based Defense From Nonviolent Resistance to Organized Civilian-Based Defense The Development of Security and Defense Policy in Lithuania since 1992 Concluding Remarks Appendix I Appeal to Lithuanian Youth by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Lithuania Appendix II Republic in Danger! Appendix III Appeal by the Government of the Republic -
The Revival of Lithuanian Polyphonic Sutartinės Songs in the Late 20Th and Early 21St Century Daiva Račiūnaitė-Vyčinienė
The Revival of Lithuanian Polyphonic Sutartinės Songs in the Late 20th and Early 21st Century Daiva Račiūnaitė-Vyčinienė Introduction The ‘Neo-Folklore movement’ (in Lithuania, In contemporary ethnomusicology, attention is folkloro judėjimas, folkloro ansamblių judėjimas; increasingly paid to the defi nition of the terms in Latvia, folkloras absambļu kustība; in Estonia, ‘tradition’ and ‘innovation’. These defi nitions folklooriliikumine) is the term used in the Baltic include stability and mobility; repetition and contries (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) to denote creativity; ‘fi rst’ and ‘second existence’1 and similar the increased interest in folklore tradition during concepts, and how these phenomena relate the 1970s and 80s. The term also ‘describes the to folklore traditions. Most of today’s musical practical forms of actualizing folklore in daily traditions can be described as ‘revival’. This term life and in the expressions of amateur art that is used widely yet ambiguously in research in have accompanied the spiritual awakening of the English language.2 The word is applied to the people and their fi ght for the restoration of the phenomena of revitalisation, recreation, independence at beginning of the 1990s’ (Klotiņš innovation, and transformation, these terms often 2002: 107). In Soviet times, the Lithuanian folklore being used synonymously and interchangeably.3 ensemble movement,5 one among thousands of its Nevertheless, there are some ethnomusicologists kind, was a form of resistance to denationalisation who take a purist approach, adhering to the and to other Soviet ideologies. Without this original meanings of these terms. The Swedish ethnic, cultural union there would not have been ethnomusicologist Ingrid Åkesson describes a Singing Revolution.6 three basic concepts that apply to the processes This movement encompassed a variety of of change in folklore, each with its own shade of folklore genres and styles, refl ecting the general meaning: ‘recreation’, ‘reshaping’/‘transformation’, revival and reinvigoration of folklore. -
Modified Strategic Plan
UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT VILNIUS, LITKUAN1.A MODIFIED STRATEGIC PLAN MAY 1997 USAID / LITHUANIA MODIFIED STRATEGIC PLAN FY 1996 Table of Contents 1. Modified Strategy for USAID Assistance to Lithuania: 1997-2000 ............. 1 2. MacroEconomic Setting for Transition ..............................2 3. Democracy Trends ..........................................4 4. Key Transition Challenges .....................................4 5. Modified USAID Strategic Objective Activities ........................6 Strengthened Fiscal Management (SO 1.2) .........................7 A More Stable Financial Environment (SO 1.4) ...................... 7 Improved Energy Safety and Policy (SO 1.5) ........................ 7 Strengthened NGO Sector (2.1) ................................ 8 6. Role of Other Assistance Providers ................................8 7. Budget and Management Implications ..............................9 8. Main Rationale for Extending Graduation ........................... 10 9. Post Close-Out Foundation ....................................11 10. What Will Be Unfinished Without Additional Funding ................... 11 11. Probability of Success ...................................... 12 Tables 1. Summary of budget shifts 2. Macro economic trends 3. Propose modified budget by SOs. Annexes 1. Strategic Objective 1.2, Improved Financial Management, Modified Results Framework 2. Strategic Objective 1.5, Improved Energy Safety and Policy 3. Strategic Objective 2.1, Baltic Region: Sustainable Citizen Participation