Term 1 - Year 8 Empire & Slavery

Key information Key information Key events The British Empire – The British Empire was at its Transatlantic Slave Trade – The trading of slaves • The ‘First’ British Empire (1583-1783) Including height the largest Empire the world has ever seen, across the Atlantic Ocean, The British and French the USA. consisting of 22% of the Earth’s total land mass! Empires both participated in the trading of slaves • The ‘Second’ British Empire (1783-1924) Not Historians argue that the Empire can be split into from Africa to America where they were forced to including the USA. Did include both India and two distinct categories: work under very China. • The ‘First’ British Empire (1583-1783) harsh conditions. • American War for Independence: USA gained • The ‘Second’ British Empire (1783- The Slave trade independence on 4th July 1776. 1924) led to ‘Triangular • Formation of the East India Trading Company Main Differences between the ‘Empires’: Trade’. 1600. • Control over the United States of America, Triangular Trade • Slave Ship Zong massacre 29th November 1781. the first Empire controlled the USA, the was the trading of (Trial in 1783) ‘Second’ did not. American independence goods in a cycle • 1833 Abolition of slavery in the Europe. in 1776 secured this. between Europe, Africa and America. It consisted of 3 • 1865 Abolition of slavery in the USA.. • The First Empire was formed by small passages the First, Middle and Final passages. Each Key people carried different ‘goods’ as seen in the map above. individual groups of British Seamen and • Captain Luke Collingwood: The Captain of the The Middle Passage – Was the journey from Africa to was not led by a unified government. Slave ship Zong. America where slaves were transported aboard ships. Term 1 Year 8 British • The Second Empire was led by a unified • Olaudah Equiano: A slave who wrote about his The journey took up to 60 days and 2 million slaves Empire and Slavery government aim for Britain to dominate journey to America, managed to save enough would die on the journey from the terrible the waters of the world. money to buy his freedom. conditions. The Trial of the Slave ship Zong 1781 • Queen Victoria, Queen of Britain from 1837-1901: highlights how slaves were treated, also the attitudes Led the British Empire for these years. towards slaves at this time. • Nat Turner: A slave who led a rebellion against his Slave Auctions – Places where the slaves from Africa slave owners in 1831. were sold to rich men in America. Often to work on • Sugar plantations. Christopher Columbus: Italian explorer who discovered the ‘new world’ (America) 1492. It paved the way for the colonisation of America.

Key Words Key Words Skills Nationalism: loyalty or devotion of a group of Slave: Someone who is ‘owned’ by another person. Identify – pick out and use key information to identify

people to their country Forced to work without pay. points that can help answer a question. Imperialism: Imperialism is a policy or ideology of The Middle Passage: The journey from Africa to Describe - give a description of what something is or extending a country's rule over foreign nations. America where slaves were transported, the how something happened/changed. Empire: An extensive group of states or countries second/middle journey in the ‘triangle’ of trade. Explain – giving a detailed description of why ruled over by a single Monarch. Slave Auction: Where slaves were bidded on and sold something occurred using causes and effects. Monarch: King or Queen, Head of sovereign state. to the highest bidder. Evaluate – identifying the importance / significance of Colony: An area under rule of another country Sugar Plantation: A place where sugar was grown and an event, looking both short- and long-term effects of occupied by its settlers. harvested, often by slaves who were forced to work in an event. Settler: Someone who settles/lives in another very poor conditions. Analysis – looking at the ‘WHY’ something has change country. Overseer: A promoted slave who ‘oversaw’ other or is different considering all possibilities and linking it slaves on a plantation and made sure they worked. back to the importance/significance. Term 1 - Year 8 Empire & Slavery