“Everything is Connected” Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age

Martín Carbajo Núñez

2020 www.mediahouse.online 2020 “Everything is Connected”: Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age Martín Carbajo Núñez © 2020 Martín Carbajo Núñez Original edition: CARBAJO NÚÑEZ M., Todo está conectado. Ecología integral y comunicación en la era digital, Paulinas, Lima, 2019. First English edition: CARBAJO NÚÑEZ M., “Everything is connected.” Integral ecology and communication in the Digital Age, Tau Publishing, Phoenix (AZ) 2020. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without written permission from the Author.

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Purchase our books online: www.mediahouse.online I www.amazon.in Facebook: www.facebook.com/mediahousebooks Laudato si', my Lord, for Ascensión and María Ranilla, who taught me to take care of creation, and for my father Martín, whose passion for the radio aroused my interest in media communication.

Contents

Abbreviations...... 13 Biblical books...... 13 Magisterium sources...... 14 Writings of St. Francis...... 16 Franciscan Sources and Authors...... 16 Bibliographical and common...... 17 Introduction...... 19 What went wrong?...... 21 Distribution, method, and content...... 24 The concepts of physical, human, and integral ecology...... 26 The concept of communication...... 28 I. A Look at our World

1. The Web of Life 1.1. The ecological crisis is a family crisis...... 34 1.1.1. The abuse of creation begins when God is excluded...... 35 1.1.2. In the family, the human being develops his identity...... 36 1.1.3. School of communication in the logic of gift...... 38 1.1.4. Fundamental structure of human and integral ecology...... 39 1.2.The thesis of human exception...... 40 1.2.1. The anthropocentric ideology...... 40 1.2.2. Ontic dualism...... 41 1.2.3. Ontological dualism...... 44 1.2.4. Domination and throwaway culture...... 46 1.3. Human ecology and communication...... 47 1.3.1. A forum for dialogue and social awareness...... 47 1.3.2. An interactive communication based on personal relationships...... 49 8 Everything is Connected 1.3.3. Technical dimension vs. anthropological dimension...... 49 1.4. Nature is a network of relationships...... 50 1.4.1. A dialectic of permanent conflict...... 51 1.4.2. In nature, cooperation is more important than conflict...... 52 1.4.3. The principles of the CST from an ecological perspective...... 53

2. Life on the Web 2.1. Getting out of ourselves or being self-absorbed...... 58 2.1.1. The media ecosystem...... 58 2.1.2. The challenges of the global village...... 59 2.1.3. Simulacrum and narcissism...... 61 2.1.4. More connected but more alone...... 63 2.2. Anthropological realm in which identity is built...... 64 2.2.1. Personal identity and social networks...... 65 2.2.2. The importance of the body...... 66 2.2.3. Hyper-connected and hyper-accelerated...... 68 2.2.4. Depersonalizing superficiality...... 71 2.3. The digital fraternity...... 72 2.3.1. Affectionate proximity and encounter...... 73 2.3.2. Eagerness to share and to be recognized...... 74 2.3.3. Uprooted and caught in the Net...... 74 2.4. The media at the service of truth and dialogue...... 75 2.4.1.Truth in relation to goodness and beauty...... 76 2.4.2. At the service of dialogue and socio-environmental education...... 77 2.4.3. The need of being open to diversity...... 79

II. Christian Foundation of Communication

3. Theological and Anthropological Bases 3.1. Before the creatio ex nihilo, communication already existed...... 84 3.1.1. The Trinitarian communion: origin, way, and destiny of all that exists....85 3.1.2. “In the beginning was the Word”...... 86 3.1.3. Christ is the perfect Communicator...... 88 3.1.4. The Church “is a network woven together by Eucharistic communion” ...... 89 3.2. The human person is a dialogical and relational being...... 90 3.2.1. Created for dialogue and communication...... 91 3.2.2. Relations based on freedom and gratuitousness...... 92 3.2.3. Communication as self-giving...... 93 3.2.4. The need for mysticism and spirituality...... 93 3.3. Bases for a cosmic fraternity...... 95 Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 9

3.3.1. Individuality instead of individualism...... 95 3.3.2. Sin breaks communication and communion...... 97 3.3.3. Ecological conversion...... 98 3.3.4. Reconciliation with all creation...... 99 3.4. Creation is language, communication, encounter, relationship ...... 100 3.4.1. All reality is dialogical...... 101 3.4.2. Each creature bears in itself a Trinitarian structure...... 102 3.4.3. “This world is pregnant with God!”...... 103 3.4.4. Sacramental dimension...... 104

4. “Do Not Be Afraid of New Technologies!” 4.1. Gifts of God...... 107 4.1.1. A critical approach to the media...... 108 4.1.2. From neutral instruments to reality configurators...... 109 4.1.3. Mental and media pollution...... 110 4.2. The media facilitate (and shape) our relationships...... 111 4.2.1. Loneliness, indifference, and lack of empathy...... 111 4.2.2 Artificial emotions...... 112 4.2.3. Far from nature, far from the poor...... 114 4.3. Vocation and social mission of communication professionals...... 115 4.3.1. Information is a public right and a social need...... 116 4.3.2. Freedom of speech and freedom of information...... 117 4.3.3. At the service of the person...... 118 4.3.4. At the service of the Church...... 119 4.4. Ethical criteria for communications...... 119 4.4.1. Truth, sincerity, and honesty...... 120 4.4.2. Respecting Human dignity, its pace, and its integral development.121 4.4.3. A public forum for active and responsible participation...... 123 4.4.4. Balanced proportion of formation, information, and entertainment..124 III.Towards a Relational Paradigm

5. Restoring Communication in the Common House 5.1. The sacrament of reconciliation and its relation with the earth...... 129 5.1.1. Sacramental reconciliation with nature...... 130 5.1.2. Examination of conscience about ecological sins...... 131 5.1.3. Contrition and conversion of heart...... 132 5.1.4. Confession...... 133 5.1.5. Satisfaction...... 134 5.1.6. Restitution and ecological justice...... 136 5.1.7. Celebration of the restored fraternity...... 137 10 Everything is Connected 5.2. Overcoming the thesis of human exception...... 138 5.2.1. Overcoming ontological dualism...... 139 5.2.2. Overcoming ontic dualism...... 140 5.2.3. From information about oneself to narration...... 141 5.2.4. Learning to narrate...... 142 5.3. Growing in ecological education and relational skills...... 143 5.3.1. Cultivating ecological virtues and fraternal relationships...... 144 5.3.2. Eco-spirituality...... 145 5.3.3. Towards an integral ecology...... 145 5.4. Dialogue and listening at all levels...... 146 5.4.1. Hear, O Israel...... 146 5.4.2. Dialogue and communication in the religious realm...... 148 5.4.3. Contemplating beauty and the personal mystery...... 149

6. Responsibly Inhabiting the Digital Environment 6.1. New technologies, evangelization, and pastoral care...... 151 6.1.1. The priest and the parish in the digital age...... 152 6.1.2. An interactive evangelization...... 154 6.1.3. The media's potentiality for evangelization...... 156 6.1.4. Integrating the message in the media culture...... 157 6.1.5. The use of new technologies in the liturgy and in pastoral ministry158 6.2. Communication in pastoral projects...... 160 6.2.1. From Communio et Progressio to Aetatis Novae...... 161 6.2.2. A complex relationship between the media and the Church...... 162 6.2.3. An opportunity for mutual enrichment...... 164 6.3. Consecrated life and digital environment...... 166 6.3.1. Access to the Internet in religious communities...... 167 6.3.2. A wise and balanced use...... 168 6.3.3. Retreat and enclosure...... 169 6.3.4. Experts in human relations...... 170 6.3.5. Life in fraternity: richness and challenge...... 171 6.3.6. Digital natives and Digital immigrants...... 172 6.3.7. A peculiar style of inhabiting the digital space...... 173 6.4. Other guidelines for inhabiting the digital environment...... 174 6.4.1. Overcoming the "I like" dependency...... 175 6.4.2. Developing a mature, active, and sensible interiority...... 176 6.4.3. Silence and the "murmuring solitude"...... 177 6.4.4. Enhancing the relational dimension...... 178 6.4.5. Understanding and welcoming digital natives...... 180 6.4.6. Strengthening intrinsic motivations...... 181 6.4.7. Other practical indications...... 183 Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 11

Conclusion...... 185 Bibliography...... 189 Bible...... 189 Magisterium...... 189 St. Francis: his writings and early documents on him...... 197 Franciscanism: Reference works...... 197 Books...... 198 Articles in books...... 211 Articles...... 212 Online resources:...... 217 Name Index ...... 219 Subject Index ...... 224 General Index...... 233 Abbreviations...... 233

Abbreviations

Biblical books 1Cor 1 Corinthians 2Cor 2 Corinthians 1Pt 1 Peter 2Pt 2 Peter Col Colossians Dt Deuteronomy Eph Ephesians Ex Exodus Ez Ezekiel Gn Genesis Heb Hebrews Is Isaiah Jer Jeremiah Jn John Lk Luke Mk Mark Mt Matthew Nm Numbers Phil Philippians Ps Psalms 14 Everything is Connected Rev Revelation; Apocalypse Rom Romans Tit Titus Wis Wisdom

2. Magisterium sources AG SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL, Ad Gentes divinitus. Decree AL FRANCIS, Amoris Letitia. Exhortation AN PCSC, Aetatis Novae. Instruction CA JOHN PAUL II, . CCC Catechism of the Catholic Church CELAM General Conference of the Latin American and Caribbean Bishops CST Catholic Social Teaching CIC Code of Canon Law CICL Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life CP PCSC, Communio et Progressio. Instruction CSDC PCJP, Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church CST Catholic Social Teaching CV BENEDICT XVI, Caritas in veritate. Encyclical DA CELAM, Fifth General Conference, Document Aparecida DC BENEDICT XVI, Deus caritas est. Encyclical DP CELAM, Third General Conference, Document of Puebla DV SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL, Dei Verbum. Constitution EA JOHN PAUL II, . Exhortation ECS PCSC, Ethics in communications Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 15 EG FRANCIS, Evangelii Gaudium. Exhortation EI PCSC, Ethics in Internet EN PAUL VI, Evangelii nuntiandi. Exhortation EP PCSC, Ethics in advertising EV JOHN PAUL II, . Encyclical FC JOHN PAUL II, . Exhortation FR JOHN PAUL II, . Encyclical GE FRANCIS, Gaudete et Exsultate. GS SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL, Gaudium et spes. Constitution IM SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL, Inter mirifica. Decree InsB16 Insegnamenti di Benedetto XVI (Teachings of Benedict XVI) InsGP2 Insegnamenti di Giovanni Paolo II (Teachings of John Paul II) InsFco Insegnamenti di Francesco (Teachings of Francis) LE JOHN PAUL II, . Encyclical LF FRANCIS, Lumen fidei. Encyclical LG SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL, Lumen gentium. Constitution LS FRANCIS, Laudato si'. Encyclical NA SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL, Nostra aetate. Declaration OA PAUL VI, Octogesima adveniens.Apostolic letter PCID Pontifical Council for Inter-religious Dialogue PCJP Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace PCSC Pontifical Council for Social Communications PF BENEDICT XVI, Porta fidei. Apostolic letter PP PAUL VI, Populorum progressio. Encyclical RM JOHN PAUL II, . Encyclical RP JOHN PAUL II, Reconciliatio et paenitentia. Exhortation 16 Everything is Connected RS JOHN PAUL II, Il Rapido Sviluppo. Apostolic letter SCa BENEDICT XVI, Sacramentum caritatis. Exhortation SRS JOHN PAUL II, . Encyclical SS BENEDICT XVI, Spe Salvi. Encyclical USP FRANCIS, Address to members of the Italian periodical press union (USPI) and the Italian federation of Catholic weeklies (FISC) VC JOHN PAUL II, . Exhortation VD BENEDICT XVI,Verbum Domini. Exhortation VFC CICL, Fraternal life in community. Instruction VS JOHN PAUL II, . Encyclical WCC World Day of Prayer for the Care of Creation WCD World Communications Day WDP World Day of Peace 3. Writings of St. Francis

Adm The Admonitions Cant The Canticle of the Creatures Rnb The Earlier Rule (Regula non bullata) SalV A Salutation on Virtues Test The Testament 4. Franciscan Sources and Authors

1Cel CELANO, The Life of St. Francis 1Sent. BONAVENTURE, Commentaria in I librum Sententiarum 2Sent. BONAVENTURE, Commentaria in II librum Sententiarum Brevil. BONAVENTURE, Breviloquium FAED AMSTRONG R.J – HERMANN J.A.W. – SHORT W.J. (ed.), Francis of Assisi: Early Documents, 3 vol., NCP, New York 1999. Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 17 Hex. BONAVENTURE, Collationes in Hexaëmeron In Eccl. BONAVENTURE, Commentarius in librum Ecclesiastes Itin. BONAVENTURE, Itinerarium mentis in Deum Lect. Duns Scotus, Lectura Lm BONAVENTURE, The Minor Legend Lp The Assisi Compilation (The legend of Perugia) Metaph DUNS SCOTUS, Quaestiones super libros metaphysicorum Aristotelis OFM Ordo Fratrum Minorum OPh DUNS SCOTUS, Opera philosophica Ord. DUNS SCOTUS, Ordinatio Quaracchi BONAVENTURE, Opera omnia, Collegii S. Bonaventurae, Quaracchi 1882-1902 Quodl. DUNS SCOTUS, Quodlibet SC Sacrum commercium Vat. DUNS SCOTUS, Opera omnia, ed. Comm. Scotisticae Vivès DUNS SCOTUS, Opera omnia, ed. Vivès L. 5. Bibliographical and common a. Articulus AAS BAC Biblioteca de autores cristianos c. chapter Cf. Confer, see, compare a/m. Aforementioned d. Distinctio, distinctiones ed. Editor, publisher, coordinator, coordinators, editorial EDB Edizioni Dehoniane Bologna GDP Gross Domestic Product Ibid. Ibidem ICT Information and Communication Technologies 18 Everything is Connected Id. Idem, the same LEV Libreria Editrice Vaticana impr. Reprint n. Number, numbers OR L’Osservatore Romano p. Pars, page, pages PG Migne, Patrologia graeca PL Migne, Patrologia latina prol. Prologus q. Quaestio, quaestiones S.Th THOMAS AQUINAS, Summa Theologiae Trad. My translation un. Unicus, unica UP University Press Univ. University Vol. Volume, volumes Bibliography

Bible New American Bible, Revised edition, Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Washington D.C. 2010.

Magisterium

Second Vatican Council, «Inter mirifica. Decree» (Dec. 4, 1963), in AAS 56 (1964) 145-157.

Second Vatican Council, «Nostra Aetate. Declaration» (Oct.28, 1965), in AAS 58 (1966)740-744.

Second Vatican Council, «Perfectae caritatis. Decree» (Oct.28, 1965), in AAS 58 (1966) 702-713.

Second Vatican Council, «Dei Verbum. Dogmatic constitution» (Nov.18, 1965), in AAS 58 (1966) 817-835.

Second Vatican Council, «Lumen Gentium. Dogmatic constitution» (Nov.21, 1964), in AAS 57 (1965) 5-71.

Second Vatican Council, «Gaudium et spes. Pastoral Constitution» (Dec. 7, 1965), in AAS 58 (1966) 1025-1120.

Second Vatican Council, «Ad Gentes divinitus. Decree» (Dec. 7, 1965), in AAS 58 (1966) 947-990. 190 Everything is Connected

Pablo VI, «Populorum progressio. Encyclical letter»(March 26, 1967), in AAS 59 (1967)257-299.

Pablo VI, «Octogesima adveniens. Apostolic letter» (May 14, 1971), in AAS 63 (1971) 401-441.

Pablo VI, «Evangelii nuntiandi. Apostolic exhortation» (Dec. 8, 1975), in AAS 58 (1976) 5-76.

John Paul II, «Inter sanctos. Bull»(Sept.29, 1979), in AAS 71/2 (1979)1509-1510.

John Paul II, «Laborem exercens. Encyclical letter» (Sept.14, 1981), in AAS 73 (1981)577-647.

John Paul II, «Familiaris consortio. Apostolic exhortation» (Nov.22, 1981), in AAS 74 (1982) 81-191.

John Paul II, «Address to journalists in Hiroshima» (Feb. 25, 1981), in AAS 73 (1981) 420-428.

John Paul II, «Message for the 18thWCD» (May 24, 1984), in InsGP2 VII/1 (1984) 1480-1485.

John Paul II, «Reconciliatio et paenitentia. Post-synodal apostolic exhortation» (Dec. 2, 1984), in AAS 77 (1985) 185-275.

John Paul II, «Address to a group of journalists» (Feb.28, 1986), in OR(April 13, 1986).

John Paul II, «Address to the Roman Curia» (Dec. 22, 1986), n. 3, in AAS 79 (1987) 1082-1090.

John Paul II, «Address to the people of the communications industry» (Los Angeles, Sept. 15, 1987), n.8, in Ins GP2 10/3 (1987) 537-539.

John Paul II, «Sollicitudo rei sociales. Encyclical letter» (Dec. 30, 1987), in AAS 80 (1988)513-586.

John Paul II, «Message for the 23th WDP» (Jan.1, 1990), in Ins GP2 XII/2 (1989) 1463-1473. Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 191

John Paul II, «Message for the 24th WCD» (May 27, 1990), in InsGP2 XIII,1 (1990), 157-161.

John Paul II, «Redemptoris misio. Encyclical letter» (Dec. 7, 1990), in AAS 83 (1991) 249-340.

John Paul II, «Centesimus annus. Encyclical letter» (May 1, 1991), in AAS 83 (1981)793-867.

John Paul II,«Message for the 26th WCD1992» (Jan.24, 1992), in InsGP2 XV/1 (1992) 142-146.

John Paul II, «Message for the 28th WCD» (Jan.24, 1994), in InsGP2 XVII/1 (1994) 183-188.

John Paul II, «Gratissimam sane. Letter to families» (Feb. 2, 1994), in AAS 86 (1994) 868-925.

John Paul II, «Evangelium Vitae. Encyclical letter» (March 25, 1995), in AAS 87 (1995)401-522.

John Paul II, «Vita consecrata. Post-synodal apostolic exhortation» (March 25, 1996), in AAS 88 (1996) 377-486.

John Paul II, «Address to conference on environment and health» (March 24, 1997), in InsGP2, XX/1 (1997) 520-523.

John Paul II, «Message for the 32th WCD» (Jan. 24, 1998), in InsGP2 XXI/1 (1998) 234-237.

John Paul II, «Dies Domini. Apostolic letter» (May 31, 1998), in AAS 90 (1998) 713-766.

John Paul II, «Message for the 33thWCD» (Jan.24, 1999), in InsGP2 XXII/1 (1999) 281-284.

John Paul II, «Fides et ratio. Encyclical letter» (Sept.14, 1998), in AAS 91 (1999)5-88.

John Paul II, «General audience» (Jan.17, 2001), in InsGP224/1 (2001) 178-179. 192 Everything is Connected

John Paul II, «Message for the 35th WCD» (Jan.24, 2001), in InsGP2 XXIV,1 (2001)223-226.

John Paul II, «Message for the 36th WCD» (Jan.24, 2002), in OR (Jan.23, 2002) 6.

John Paul II, «Message for the 37th WCD» (Jan.24, 2003), in OR (Jan.25, 2003) 6.

John Paul II, «Message for the 38th WCD» (Jan.24, 2004), in OR (Jan.25, 2004) 6.

Benedict XVI, La rivoluzione di Dio, San Paolo, Milano 2005.

Benedict XVI, «Homily at the beginning of the Petrine ministry» (April 24, 2005), in InsB16, I (2005) 20-26.

Benedict XVI, «Deus caritas est.Encyclical letter» (Dec. 25, 2005), in AAS 98 (2006) 217-252.

Benedict XVI, « Message to Bishop Domenico Sorrentino on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the interreligious meeting of prayer for Peace» (Sept.2, 2006), in AAS 98 (2006) 749-754.

Benedict XVI, «Message for the 40thWDP» (Jan.1, 2007), in InsB16 II/2 (2006) 775-784.

Benedict XVI, «Sacramentum caritatis. Post-synodal apostolic exhortation» (Feb.22, 2007), in AAS 99 (2007) 105-180.

Benedict XVI, «Spe Salvi.Encyclical letter» (Nov.30, 2007), in AAS 99 (2007)985-1027.

Benedict XVI, «Message for the 41st WDP» (Jan.1, 2008), in AAS 100 (2008) 38-45.

Benedict XVI, «Message for the 42th WCD» (Jan.24, 2008), in AAS 100 (2008) 103-106.

Benedict XVI, «Address to representatives from the world of culture. Collège des Bernardins» (Sept.12, 2008), in InsB16, IV/2 (2008) 270-280. Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 193

Benedict XVI, «Address at the opening of the 12th ordinary general assembly of the synod of bishops» (Oct.6, 2008), in Ecclesia 3436 (2008) 26.

Benedict XVI, «Apostolic Letter on the occasion of the 7th centenary of the death of blessed John Duns Scotus» (Oct.28, 2008), in OR (Dec.24, 2008) 9.

Benedict XVI, «Message for the 43thWCD» (Jan.24, 2009), in AAS 101 (2009) 136-140.

Benedict XVI, «Caritas in veritate. Encyclical letter»(June 29, 2009), in AAS 101 (2009)641-709.

Benedict XVI, «Address. Meeting with artists» (Nov. 21, 2009), in AAS 101 (2009) 1051-1058.

Benedict XVI, «General audience» (Dec. 2, 2009), in OR (Dec.3, 2009) 1.

Benedict XVI, «Message for the 43th WDP2010» (Dec. 8, 2009), in OR 290 (Dec.16, 2009) 6.

Benedict XVI, «Message for the 44th WCD» (Jan. 24, 2010), in AAS 102 (2010) 114-117.

Benedict XVI, «General audience» (March 17, 2010), in OR (March 18, 2010) 8.

Benedict XVI, «Verbum Domini: Post-synodal apostolic exhortation» (Sept. 30, 2010), in AAS 192 (2010) 681-787.

Benedict XVI, «Message for the 45th WCD» (Jan. 24, 2011), in AAS 103 (2011) 123-126.

Benedict XVI, «Address to participants in the plenary assembly of the PCSC» (Feb. 28, 2011), in AAS 103 (2011) 188-191.

Benedict XVI, «Message for the 46thWCD2012» (Jan. 24, 2012), in AAS 104 (2012) 112-115. 194 Everything is Connected

Benedict XVI, «Homily. 7th world meeting of families» (June 3, 2012), inInsB16, VIII/1 (2012) 693-697.

Francis, «Homily» (April 14, 2013), in OR (April 15/16, 2013) 8.

Francis, «Lumen Fidei. Encyclical letter» (May 29, 2013), in AAS 195 (2013) 555-596.

Francis, «Message to participants in the 47th social week of Italian Catholics» (Sept. 11, 2013), in Notiziario della CEI 47/4 (2013) 189-192.

Francis, «Address to participants in the international congress on catechesis» (Sept. 27, 2013), in OR (Sept. 29, 2013) 8.

Francis, «Evangelii gaudium. Apostolic exhortation» (Nov. 24, 2013), in AAS 105 (2013) 1019-1137.

Francis, «Message for the 48thWCD» (Jan.24, 2014), in OR 154/18 (Jan.24, 2014) 8.

Francis, «Address to participants in the international colloquium on the complementarity between man and woman» (Nov. 17, 2014) n.2, in AAS 106/12 (2014) 979-981.

Francis, «Those who scandalize the people. Morning meditation» (Nov. 21, 2014), in OR 267 (Nov.22, 2014) 7.

Francis, «Laudato si’.Encyclical letter» (May 24, 2015), in AAS 107 (2015) 847-945.

Francis, «Letter for the establishment of the World day of prayer for the care of creation» (Aug. 6, 2015), in OR 181 (Aug. 10/11, 2015) 8.

Francis, «Address to the members of the diplomatic corps accredited to the » (Jan. 11, 2016), in OR 156/7 (Jan.11/12, 2016) 4-5.

Francis, «Message for the 50thWCD» (Jan. 24, 2016), in OR 156/17 (Jan. 23, 2016) 7.

Francisco - Bartolomé I, «Message for the WCC» (Sept. 1, 2017), in OR 200 (Sept.2, 2017) 8. Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 195

Francis, «Misericordia et misera.Apostolic letter» (Nov. 20, 2016), in AAS 108 (2016) 1311-1327.

Francis, «Amoris Laetitia. Post-synodal apostolic exhortation» (March 19, 2016), in AAS 108/4 (April 1, 2016) 311-446.

Francis,«Address to members of the Italian periodical press union (USPI) and the Italian federation of Catholic weeklies (FISC)» (Dec 16, 2017), [USP], in OR 289 (Dec 17, 2017) 8.

Francis, «Message for the 51st WCD» (Jan. 24, 2017), in OR 19 (Jan. 25, 2017) 7.

Francis, «Message for the 52th WCD» (Jan.24, 2018), in OR 19 (Jan. 25, 2018) 6.

Francis, «Address at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile» (Jan.17, 2018), in OR 14 (Jan.19, 2018) 5.

Francis,Message for the 53th WCD» (Jan. 24, 2019), in OR 20 (Jan.25, 2019) 8.

Francis, «Gaudete et Exsultate. Apostolic exhortation» (March 19, 2018), LEV, Vatican City 2018.

Francis, «Address at the Founder’s Memorial (Abu Dhabi)» (Feb.4, 2019), in OR 29 (Feb.4-5, 2019)7-8. Catechism of the Catholic Church, LEV, Vatican City 2019.

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St. Francis: his writings and early documents on him

Francis of Assisi, «Admonitions» (FAED I,128-137).

Francis of Assisi, «The Canticle of the Creatures»(FAED I,113- 114).

Francis of Assisi, «The Earlier Rule»(FAED I,63-86).

Francis of Assisi, «A Salutation to Virtues» (FAED I,164-165).

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Cacciato C 155, 200 Delio I. 86, 101, 203 Caciuc V.-T 135, 213 Denney R. 180, 208 Campanella T 28, 199 Dennis E.E. 48, 202 Cangià C 175, 183, 200, 211 Desantes J.M 119, 203 Canobbio G 156, 213 Descartes R. 28, 43, 45, 203 Cantelmi T 142, 183, 200, 211 Dijk J.Van 203 Capaccio F 68 Donati P. 79, 112, 203 Capra F 53, 201 Don Bosco 152, 215 Carbajo Núñez M 22, 34, 36, 40, 52, Dulles A 152, 162, 203, 214 56, 61, 66, 67, 74, 88, 95, 122, Duns Scotus J. 198 149, 170, 201, 211, 213, 214 Cardoso G 67, 201 E Carlos V 46, 215 Esser K. 45, 214 Carr N 70, 201 Castellanos Vázquez M.A 26, 209 F Castells M 59, 73, 142, 176, 201 Cazzullo A 110, 205 Fackler P.M. 20, 203 Celano T 197 Flores N.M. 35, 214 Cencini A 169, 171, 174, 183, 201, Forsberg G. 78, 214 214 Fortner R.S. 20, 203 Cheaib R 89, 211 Fox J. 137, 203 Chesterton G.K 100, 202 Fox M. 105, 203 Chiavacci E 93, 202 Francis of Assisi 16, 24, 44, 55, 65, 94, Cifuentes P 201 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 137, Cimatti F 28, 53, 202 139, 145, 146, 149, 152, 169, Cobianchi D 62, 202 177, 197, 198, 202 Cobo Juárez S 48, 202 Fredericks S.E. 214 Codeluppi V 66 Freire P. 154, 203 Collins P 132, 202 Freud 180, 208 Colombo F 108, 214 Conradie E.M 214 G Contini P. 65, 202 Galaviz J.M. 152, 203 Corradi V 143, 214 García Añoveros J.M. 46, 215 Couturier D.B 52, 202 García J.A. 154, 203 Cravotta G 143, 202 Garelli F. 167, 203 Crespo M 71, 217 Geertz C. 73, 204 Crowley D.J 78, 202 Gesteira Garza M. 130, 204 Cucci G 183, 202 Giaccardi C. 111, 211 Gilkey L. 135, 204 D Giuliano L 62, 215 Darwin C 52, 202 Glazer N 58, 180, 208 Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 221

Gonsalves P. 152, 215 K Grandi M 50, 204 Gregory the Great 178, 204 Kaitholil G. 154, 205 Greshake G. 152, 204 Kennedy T. 180, 215 Grillo A. 68, 215 Konrath S. 112, 215 Gronemeyer M.E. 124, 215 Kramer A.D.I 71, 215 Guerrero Sánchez F. 26, 209 Kubicki J.M. 104, 215 Guillory J.E. 71, 215 Küng H. 133, 205 H L Habel N. 136, 215 Lacroix M 72, 205 Ladaria L.F 84, 85, 205 Haeckel E. 26, 204 Laertius D 205 Han B.-C. 60, 204 Lane N 53 Hancock J.T 71, 215 Lauder R.E. 107, 216 Haque U. 112, 215 Leader-Williams N 137, 205 Harari Y.N. 186, 204 Leopold A. 27, 205 Hayes D. 135, 204 Lévinas E. 22, 23, 205 Hayes G.B. 135, 204 Lugaresi L. 113, 205, 216 Heidegger M 113, 204 Lynch J. 62, 67, 69, 71, 110, 205 Heidelberg Institute 147, 218 Heller A. 111, 204 M Hellmann J.A.W. 198 Malizia G 175, 207, 211 Heyer P. 78, 202 Margulis L 53, 205 Hobbes T. 51, 204 Martinelli D 53, 206 Hsing C. 112, 215 Martínez Albertos J.L. 79, 206 Hugh Grant 62, 202 Martínez Díez F. 174, 206 Huxley A. 114, 204 Martini C.M. 59, 109, 151, 206 Massaro R. 65, 202 I Massimo L.M 152, 206 Massimo R. 152, 206 Illich I. 204 Masterman L. 175, 206 Iunii Iuvenalis D 113, 204 Melandri E. 155, 216 J Migne J.-P 206 Mischel W. 176, 206 Jackson D. 210 Moltmann J 43, 85, 98, 206, 207 John of the Cross 94, 150, 178, 204 Mosso D. 158, 207 John Paul II 15, 36, 52, 97, 103, 107, 109, 115, 118, 120, 121, 122, N 149, 158, 190, 191, 192 Nanni C. 175, 207, 211 222 Everything is Connected

Natoli S. 93, 207 Rocchetta C. 22, 208 Nicodemo F. 50, 79, 207 Rosenzweig M.L 100, 208 Northwehr D.M. 54, 211 Rossi P.J. 107, 208 Nykiel K. 131, 207 Rubio Lacoba M. 48, 208 Ruesch J. 33, 41, 199 O Ruggeri G. 59, 208 Oliverio Ferraris A 65, 207 Rusch W 131, 208 Orlando V. 180, 216 Russell B. 94, 209 Ormerod N. 97, 216 Ryan M.A. 37, 216 P S Pablo VI 190 Sagan D. 53, 205 Palmer C. 136, 216 Saint Francis 27, 65, 133, 144, 149, Paolucci B. 36, 212 152, 197, 212 Pardo A. 31, 212 Sánchez Félix H 26, 209 Pariser E. 48, 79, 207 Sandler R. 136, 216 Pasquale G. 142, 216 Santiago Alberione 152, 154, 203, Pasqualetti F. 114, 179, 216 205 Pedrosa V.M. 155, 207 Sbardelotto M. 67, 218 Pérez Martínez A.J. 153, 207 Schaefer J. 54, 209, 212 Peters J.D 43, 207 Schaeffer J.M. 41, 42, 44, 52, 209 Piccolo G. 141, 216 Schillebeeckx E. 91, 173, 209 Porter W.E 116, 209 Schirrmacher F. 65, 209 Postman N. 114, 207 Schmit G. 179, 200 Prellezo J.M. 175, 207, 211 Schramm W. 116, 209 Prensky M. 173, 216 Scolari C.A. 20, 209 Putnam R.D. 58, 207 Sears C.L 53, 216 Seneca Lucio Anneo 70, 209 Q Sequeri P. 156, 217 Shannon C.E 28, 209 Quattrociocchi W 208 Sinek S. 181, 209 Singh K. 23, 149, 209 R Smith R.J. 205 Rahner K 104, 208 Soukup P 208 Rey Benayas J.M 137, 216 St Augustine 113, 198 Rheingold H. 65, 208 Stenico T. 178, 209, 211 Riccieri P. 168, 170, 208 Stephenson N 69, 209 Rieff P. 180, 208 St. Francis 7, 12, 16, 100, 197, 202, Riesman D. 58, 180, 208 226, 231 Rifkin J. 135, 208 Strate L 78, 217 Rivoltella P.C. 168, 208 Strologo C. 48, 210 Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 223

T Vicini A. 208 Vivien F.D. 28, 210 Taylor C. 41, 180, 209, 210 Tertullianus Q.S.F. 113, 210 W Todisco O. 42, 90, 92, 210, 217 Todorov T. 73, 210 Warner K.D. 27, 86, 203, 212 Tomatis P. 159, 217 Watzlawick P. 41, 210 Tonioni F. 183, 210 Weaver W. 28, 209 Toriello F. 143, 217 Wénin A. 95, 210 Tremblay R. 134, 217 White R.A. 161, 217 Trjo E.G 48, 210 Wright T. 27, 210, 212 Tugnoli C. 28, 210 X Turkle S 69, 210 U Y Uribarri G. 172, 217 Young K.S. 183, 211 V Z Vallverdú J. 73, 210 Zamagni S. 55, 211 Vanin C. 216 Zizioulas J.D. 211 Vázquez Manzanares V.M. 51, 218 Zubiri X. 96, 211 Vetrali T. 100, 144, 217 Subject Index

A True 150

Anthropocentrism 40 Biocentrism 51 despotic 20, 23, 52, 186 Biodiversity 137, 216 Promethean 46, Black Death 21 Renaissance 180, Body 19, 38, 40-42, 44-46, 66-68, 90, tyrannical 46 92, 101 Anthropological: and soul 139, 140 dimension 25, 49, 63, 77, 112 of Christ 89, 92, 104 unity 139 of God 101, 206 Anthropology 21, 40, 127, 186 of nature 104 141 essentialist 41 of revelation 104 Areopagus 123 Bread and circuses 113 Ascetic172, 181 Bulimia 46, 64 dimension 176 Asceticism 144 C Awareness 33, 54, 65, 99, 131, 138 of a common origin 97 Canon Law 14, 170, 195 of oneself 65 Canticle: of Brother Sun102, of human dignity 54 of Creatures 55, 103 of our common origin 33 Care: for Creation 5, 16, 97, 194, 203 of himself 139, 141 B of nature 19, 141, of the ecosystem 149 Balance 159, 168, 176 Cash nexus 96 Beauty 77, 78, 88, 104, 120, 150, 156, Cathars 44, 103 171 Catholic Social Teaching 14, 53, 76 of created things 150 Christian: of the Trinitarian God 104 anthropology 28 communicators 152 Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 225

community 68 129, 147, 163, 179, 185, 188, 218 liturgy 159 perennial 20, 52 spirituality 144, 145 permanent 25, 40, 51, 129 tradition 136 Conscience 114, 118, 122, 123, 131, Citizenship 48 176 Common good 53, 56, 76, 99, 115, clause 118 116, 117, 122, 123, 186 examination of 131 Communication responsible 176 authentic 91 Consecrated 26, 61, 127, 166-174, crisis 21 176, 182, 213 digital 63 life 66, 166, 167, 171, 172 Fraternal 132 people 26 instant 71,106, 107, 170 person(s) 127, 166, 169, 171 interactive 49, 74, 146,148 Consumer society 64, 175 intra-Trinitarian 84 Consumerism 40, 46, 47, 50, 77, 78, media 6, 25, 49, 156 179, 99, 135, 144, 145, 162, 183 of faith 150 compulsive 47 damaged 34 Contact 45, 60, 63, 64, 66, 68,85, deep 134 112, 114, 132, 135, 148, 154, 155, gratuitous 92 171, 174 Virtual 111 with nature 132, 135 Communicative: with non-believers 155 dimension 102 Contacts 50, 63, 64, 174, 184 encounter 25, 31 direct 66, 114 environment 156 online 63 Communicator(s) 25 110 111 Contemplation 26, 113, 129, 141, 150 115 154, Conversion 26, 54, 97, 98, 99, 129, perfect 28, 74, 84, 87, 88, 93 131, 132, 134, 135, 145, 185, 187, Communion 29, 38-40, 43, 50, 55, 211, 216 56, 58, 62, 63, 68, 74, 83-97, 102, 103, interior 129 112, 125, 131, 134, 138, 141, 146, 153, of heart 38, 132 154, 158, 161, 162, 185, 2 Corpore et anima unus 139 in plurality 84 Cosmic: living 96, 153 family 35, 37, 39, 55, 139 Community 21, 27, 28, 38, 58, 59, fraternity 25, 83, 95, 134, 137, 138 68, 72, 73, 75, 76, 84, 92, 99, 116, 117, Crisis 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 31, 34, 119, 120, 122, 123, 130, 133, 135, 35, 126, 171 153, 157, 158, 164, 168, 170, 171, financial 21 172, 180, 195, 199, 207 of faith 171 of Creation 99, 135, 199 socio-environmental 19, 21, 24, Conflict 24, 25, 33, 34, 40, 51-53,128, 25, 30, 33, 34, 41, 43, 108, 143 226 Everything is Connected

Cry: of nature 145 natives, 70, 71, 172, 173, 179, of the earth 147 180, 216 of the oppressed 24, 147 network 50 of the poor 145, 147 space 58, 64 173, 174 Culture 22, 23, 27, 38, 40, 41, 42, 44, Dignity 37, 39, 53-55, 89, 96, 107, 46, 47, 50, 51, 52, 59, 64, 67, 75, 78, 108, 115, 120-122, 125, 18-140 108-111, 120, 122, 126, 130, 135, 140, of the body 133 149, 152, 157, 160, 164, 166, 169, Discernment 49, 61, 72, 107, 141, 172, 173, 175, 177, 183, 204, 208, 143, 158, 161, 166-170, 213 209, 213 Diversity 35, 36, 52, 55, 57, 60, 64, of consumerism 135 79, 84, 93, 95, 97, 112, 118, 120, 137, digital 152, 157, 172, 177 146, 158, 164, 172, 216 of excess 75 biological 97 of joy 164 rich 95 of the memorial 164 Divine: beauty 150 throwaway 40, 41, 46, 47, 50, 52, communion 85 76, 140, 183, 213 gift(s) 25, 93, 83, 107, 134, 138 Western 22, 40, 41, 96, 177 Dualism: ontic 40, 41, 42, 44, 52, Cyberbullying 60, 213 140, 141 ontological dualism 21, 40, 42, D 44, 46, 51, 138, 139, 140 rigid 103 Darwinian 49 unhealthy 21, 41 Darwinism 48 Dialogue 29, 47, 57, 64, 65, 73-76, 78, E 79, 85, 87, 88-93, 110, 119, 129, 143, 146-149, 153, 165, 168, 171 Ecclesial: communication 165, 166 constructive 76, 148 communion 134 Inter-religious Dialogue 15, 149 community 157, 158 implicit 165 dimension 134 loving 86, 90-92 tradition 157 respectful 78 Eco-justice 136 with God 88, 147 ecospirituality 145 Digital: communication 67, 141 Ecological: culture 64, 152, 157, 172, 173, 177 awareness 38, 51, 53, 57 era 175, 186 balance 24, 25, 47, 49, 83, 107, fraternity 72 130, 141, 178, 186 immigrants 172, 173, 180, 216 citizenship 143 journalism 48 conversion 26, 97-99, 145, 131, media 48, 57, 73, 153, 167, 170 185, 187, 216 Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 227

crisis 98, 127, 129, 130, 132, 185, serene and enriching 178 186 with all creatures 138 culture 27 with diversity 118 dimension 129 with God 47, 150, 170 education 129, 143 with nature 25, 47, 135, 141 justice 136 with others 68, 111, 150, 170 law 133, 212 Environment(s) 20, 25-27, 31, 34, moral law 133 36-40, 51, 52, 55, 57-59, 69, 74, 75, 78, reconciliation 100 79, 108-111, 118, 127, 132, 135-137, sin(s) 61, 97, 105, 130-132, 134, 139, 143-146, 151, 153, 157, 158, 166, 212, 213 174, 175, 181, 183, 184, 186, 191, 204, virtues 99, 135, 144 210, 212, 213, 216 Ecologist 27, 100, 144, 217 cultural 59, 111, 157 Ecology 19, 20, 21, 23-29, 35, 37, 39, digital 151, 166, 174, 175, 184, 40, 47, 78, 99, 100, 103, 135, 138, 185, 186 141, 145, 146, 175, 185, 186, 199, natural 145 208, 213, 214 welcoming 34, 40 human 19, 25, 27, 37, 39 Environmental: crisis 19, 20, 21, 24, 25, Economic: crisis 21, 23 31, 33, 34, 41, 43, 51, 108, 131, 143 development 34 decay 27 Economy 22, 36, 52, 56, 59, 84, 85, ecology 39 135, 143, 170, 201, 202, 204 ethics 27, 136, 216 of Salvation 84, 85 Environmentalist 26, 27 Ecosystem 83, 97, 98, 132, 133, 137, movements 26 149, 185, 186, 216 Ethic: of minimums 165 local 37 bases 21, 81, 185 mediatic 20 challenges 57, 60, 61, 111, 187 primary 34 commitment 118 Education 37, 39, 65, 67, 70, 78, 124, crisis 127 129, 143, 154, 160, 167, 181 dimension 22 Educators 179, 181 principles 26 Emotions: 67, 68, 71, 72, 112, 124, Ethical: rationality 41 174-176 relationship 22 sensitive 72 relativism 61 shock 71 self 22 strong 124 values 23, 156 Enclosure 147, 169, 170 Ethics 27, 35, 107, 110, 135, 136, 180, egotistical 147 196, 210, 212-214, 216 Encounter 138, 141, 150, 170, 171, in advertising 15, 196 173, 178, 184 in communications 14 affectionate 31, 63, 95, 171 in Internet 15, 196 228 Everything is Connected

Eucharist 158 of communication 25, 116 communion 68, 89, 158 of expression 112, 116 Evangelization 26, 68, 119, 151, 153, of God’s children 88 154, 156, 159 of information 118 interactive 154 metaphysical 96 Exhibitionism 60 of opinion 116 of the press 117 F G Face-to-face: encounter 64, 68 relationships 68, 174,184 Gift 29, 36, 37, 38, 54, 58, 74, 83, 86, Facebook 61,170 91, 92, 93, 103,134, 137, 138, 182, 186 profile 61 of forgiveness 137 users 71 of self 36, 186 Fake news 52 Global: ecosystem 137 Family 19, 24, 25, 26, 33, 34, 35, 36, solidarity 83 37, 38, 39, 40, 55, 75, 78, 101, 107, society 23, 176 127, 139, 140, 143, 181, 185, 212 Good: highest 84 crisis 24, 25, 33, 34, 36, 127, 185 of people 116 nuclear 35, 36, 38 of the individual 57 parental 36, 37 Goodness 37, 76, 77, 100, 102, 104, relationships 19, 24, 25, 39, 140 120, 125 Fathers of the Church 113 of the Creator 103 Formation 72, 124, 131, 142, 155, Google 48, 69, 199, 210 167, 169, 171, 175, 176, 179 googlecracy 48 of conscience 114 Greed 38, 50, 99 of personal identity 142 Forum 47, 73, 119, 123, 161 H for dialogue 47 Franciscan: spirituality 21, 138, 203, 213 Human: body 40, 44 Tradition 86, 90, 92 communication 49 Fraternal: economy 22, 36, 52, 57, community 72, 120, 122 202 encounters 135 contact 68, 171 lifestyles 138 development 60, 64 relationships 144, 167, 171 dignity 53, 54, 107, 120, 121, 125 Fraternity 23, 25, 39, 55, 57, 72, 83, family 35, 37, 38, 55 107 95, 134, 137, 138, 144, 171, 172, 183 formation 63, 72 Freedom 22, 37, 39, 44, 88, 92, 96, identity 42 116, 117, 118, 120, 121, 136, 148, 155, language 89 163, 169, 172, 176, 216 Rights 46, 116, 147, 217 dialogic 90, 148 sin 25, 86, 116, Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 229

values 122 communication 109, 111, 165 Hyper-accelerated 68, 70 users 59, 70, 74, 75, 177 183, 184 Hyper-connected 61, 68, 146, 213 Intimacy 61, 66, 67

I J

Ideal 38, 161, 164, 169, 172, 180, 183 Journalism 48, 115, 119, 124 of authenticity 180 civic or public 124 of life in common 172 first-person 48 of public service 161 Interpretive 124 Identity 34, 36, 37, 42, 46, 57, 62, Journalists 26, 115 , 116, 118, 120, 64, 65, 66, 72, 77, 95, 111, 142, 121, 123, 125, 127, 190 148, 152, 166, 168, 173, 179, mission 115 180, 210 Justice 100, 116, 117, 120, 121, 136 of consecrated 166 Christian K ontological 88 Ideology: anthopocentric 40 Kenosis 54, 87, 144, 177 liberal-capitalist 56 Kerygma 155, 200 Marxist 56 Knowledge 22, 23, 37, 42, 54, 58, 59, 60, Imago Dei 54, 58, 83, 88, 140 63, 70, 74, 90, 94, 110, 112, 115, 117, 119, Individuality 55, 95, 96 156, 161, 165, 166, 184 Inner: balance 57 epistemic and ethical 42 reconciliation 144 scientific 54 Instrumental: rationality 41 relationships 177 L Integral: anthropology 38 communication 66, 125 Language 47, 67, 89, 95, 100, 101, development 121, 122 142, 154, 156, 157, 158, 166, 173 ecology 19, 23, 26, 28, 29, 39, affective 89 40, 41, 138, 145, 146, 175, 186, colloquial 142 213 evocative 157 Interests 119 mediatic 166 of the public 122 narrative 95, 154, 157 commercial 61, 108 outdated 173 cultural 123 Languages 59, 152, 172 monetary 96 Laws 121 particularistic 50 of dynamics 43 selfish 92, 111, 120 of nature 42 war of 52 Leadership 61, 181 Internet: addiction Lifestyle 27, 78, 97, 98, 110, 132, 135, 230 Everything is Connected

144, 175, 182, 183 of self-fulfillment 180 sober 143 Movements 43, 47 Linux 74, 182 dissent 124 Liturgy 158, 159, 160, 178 neo-pagan or pantheistic 54 Logic: commercial 61, 77, 182 Multitasking 69, 177 of efficiency 187 Mystical: body 87 of creation 101 experience 181 of gift 29 Mysticism 83, 93, 94 of gratuitousness 167 The mystic 94 of love 101 materialistic 61 N Loneliness 64, 89, 111, 170, 172, 173, 184 Narcissism 61, 145 Narcissistic: complacency 66, 79 M exhibitionism 60 relationships 187 Maieutics 179 Narration 141 Marshmallow test 175, 176 Network: of life 184 Mass media 107, 160, 162, 208 of relationships 24, 31, 33, 50, 58, Media: communication 49, 184 73, 83, 101, 178, 184, 185, 187 culture 75, 127, 164 of solidarity 47 Ecology 20, 78, 214 society 59, 73, 175, 201, 202, 203 ecosystem 25, 30 New media 60, 65, 68, 110, 157, 160, environment 31, 157 169, 163, 227 popular 163 society 161 O Modern: communications 78, 109, 114 culture 51 Online: addiction 183 economy 22 communication 60, 66, 68, 142, 173 identity 180, 210 contact 68 philosophy 43 relationships 64 Modernity 28, 34, 40, 41, 45, 94, 180, 209, 215 P Moral: crisis 131 anomy 181 Pastoral: care 151 discernment 49 projects 26, 160 imagination 107, 208 Peer to peer 74 imperatives 181 Personal: project 175 values 121 contact 68, 171 Morality 24, 44, 94, 121, 127, 132, encounters 68 180, 215 identity 66, 95 Integral Ecology and Communication in the Digital Age 231

relationships 49, 117, 60 meaningful 68, 171 Physical: body 66 mediated 68 contact 114, 132 stable 62 ecology 21, 141, 146 unsubstantial 112 enclosure 170 vital 130, environment 174 web of 83, 178 Pollution 27 Religious: communication 161, mental 110 community 172, mediatic 110, development 57 Pornography 60 Rights 41, 46, 48, 116, 121, 147, 217 Privacy 48, 122, 184 animal rights 41 Proto-sacrament 104 Roman Empire 113 Public: forum 733 122, 123, 161 good 48, S interest 117, 122 profile 61 Sacrament 129, 130 of communion 89 R of Penance 69, 99, 131, 213 of reconciliation 26, 129, 130, Radio 5, 20, 22, 151, 158 131, 134, 138, 170 Rationality 41, 44, 72 Sacramental: dimension 104 rational dimension 132, 139 unity 153 Reconciliation 129, 130, 131, 134, 144 Selfishness 50, 93 communitarian 134 Silence 60, 72, 168, 170, 175 interior 100 of God 178, with the earth 133, 215 indiscreet 178 Relational: dimension 47, 178, meditative 176 goods 23, 179 relational 178 paradigm 21, 24, 26, 81, 127, Sin 26, 28, 34, 85, 86, 88, 92, 93, 96, 138, 140, 185 97, 98, 102, 104, 105, 115, 121, silence 178 130, 132, 134, 135, 136, 212, 213 Relationships: authentic 34, 166 radical 93 competitive 63, 66, 95 Sins 97, 99, 129, 131, 132 deep 63 against nature 129 four fundamental 24, 29, 31, 40, against the land 133 57, 58, 83, 91, 97, 100, 133, Skype 69, 170 135, 136, 151, 178, 186 Social: awareness 47, free 120 communication 64, 65, 116, 120, harmonious 95 122, 123, 152 hedonistic 63 environment 55, 110, 145, 181 Interpersonal 49, 60, 117 forum 47, 232 Everything is Connected

good 111 society 114 networks31, 47, 50, 57, 61, 63, Technology 28, 49, 50, 54, 62, 67, 69, 64, 65, 66, 67, 71, 73, 74, 79, 111, 75, 78, 111, 112, 159, 176, 202, 205 142, 151, 153, 171, 175, 213 Mobile 69 structures 47 The way of beauty 154, 157 virtues 33, 180 Thesis of human exception 21, 26, ecology 27 40, 41, 42, 43 Society: hierarchical 163 Transparency Society 61, 204 in dividualistic 63 Trinitarian: communion 83, 85, 91, 185 liquid 175 dialogue 88 ludic 113 goodness 100 materialistic 176 Solidarity 35, 36, 38, 39, 47, 53, 55, U 64, 73, 83, 107, 114, 117, 178 among all creatures 55 Universal: communion 29, 102, 138 intergenerational 55 fraternity 39, 57, 144 principle of 55 human family 35, 38 Spirit of Assisi 149 values 122, 180 Spiritual: Canticle 94, 150, 178 dimension 45, 150, 163 V goods 163 spiritual/rational dimension 45 Values: fundamental 98 Spirituality 20, 21, 27, 38, 81, 83, 86, psychological 180 93, 94, 138, 144, 145, 146, 185, 186 traditional 170 Structures: of injustice and transcendent 63 domination 44 Vatican Radio 158 oppressive 114 Via pulchritudinis 154, 157 Sunday liturgy 160 Virtual: contact 112, 114, 171 Supermodernity 75, 199 friends 64 Sustainable Development 108, 218 place 75 reality 112 T relationships 67, 169 world 68, 183 Technical: dimension 49, 63, 77, 179 Virtual/real 67, 173 formation 175 Virtues 16, 197 Techno-scientific paradigm 95 Technocratic: ideology 21 W paradigm 40, 41, 46, 51, 140, 146, 147, 149 Western philosophy 20, 22, 23, 41, 96 society 23 Wikipedia 74, 182 Technological: revolution 59, 222