Place and Memory in the Singing Crane Garden Penn Studies in Landscape Architecture
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How Does Water Get on the "Roof of the World"
1 An important mechanism sustaining the atmospheric “water tower” 2 over the Tibetan Plateau 3 Xiangde Xu1, Tianliang Zhao*2, Chungu Lu3, Yudi Guo1, Bin Chen1, 4 Ruixia Liu4,Yueqing Li5 , Xiaohui Shi1 5 1State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of 6 Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China 7 2 Key Lab for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of CMA, School of Atmospheric Physics, 8 Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 9 Jiangsu, 210044, China 10 3National Science Foundation, VA 22230, USA 11 4 National Satellite Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 12 100081, China 13 5 Institute of Plateau Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, 14 Chengdu, 610072, China 15 16 Corresponding Author: 17 18 Dr. Tianliang Zhao 19 Key Lab for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of CMA, School of Atmospheric Physics, 20 Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 21 Jiangsu, 210044, China 22 E-mail: [email protected] 23 1 24 25 Abstract 26 The Tibetan Plateau (TP), referred to as the “roof of the world” is also known as the 27 “world water tower”, because it contains a large amount of water resources and 28 ceaselessly transports these waters to its surrounding areas. However, it is not 29 clear how these waters are being supplied and replenished. In particular, how 30 plausible hydrological cycles can be realized between tropical oceans and the TP. In 31 order to explore the mechanism sustaining the atmospheric “water tower” over the 32 TP, the relationship of a “heat source column” over the plateau and moist flows in 33 the Asian summer monsoon circulation is investigated, here we show that the 34 plateau’s thermal structure leads to dynamic processes with an integration of two 35 couples of lower convergences and upper divergences, respectively, over the 36 plateau’s southern slopes and main platform, which relay moist air in two ladders 37 up to the plateau. -
Maharani Dowager Cixi: Wanita Yang Memerintah China Di Belakang Tabir, 1862-1874
Sejarah: Journal of History Department, University of Malaya; No. 30 (1) 2021: 1-19; ISSN 1985-0611. MAHARANI DOWAGER CIXI: WANITA YANG MEMERINTAH CHINA DI BELAKANG TABIR, 1862-1874 EMPRESS DOWAGER CIXI: THE WOMAN WHO RULED CHINA FROM BEHIND THE CURTAIN, 1862-1874 Ku Boon Dar* Bahagian Sejarah, Pusat Pengajian Pendidikan Jarak Jauh Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia Abstrak Artikel ini menelusuri sejarah hidup Maharani Dowager Cixi sehingga beliau berjaya memegang tampuk kekuasaan pada tahun 1875. Fokus kajian di era pemerintahan Maharaja Tongzhi (1862- 1874) kerana pada zaman tersebut Cixi berjaya melancarkan kudeta yang dikenali sebagai Xinyou 1861 sehingga beliau tersohor sebagai Maharani China yang memerintah ‘di belakang tabir.’ Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan meneliti polemik isu peranan Maharani Cixi dalam sejarah moden China. Hal ini sedemikian kerana tanggapan dalam kalangan ahli sejarah terhadap pentadbiran beliau sebagai wanita di belakang tabir masih berbelah bagi. Hasil dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa Cixi hanyalah mangsa pergelutan politik semasa disebabkan kebobrokan dalaman Dinasti Qing yang di luar kawalan beliau. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahawa Cixi pada awal pemerintahannya mempunyai iltizam dan keazaman membawa China menuju ke arah sebuah negara moden yang berasaskan model dan pentadbiran Barat. Namun, akhirnya Cixi terpaksa menangguhkan segala usaha pembaharuan tersebut demi memelihara dan mengekalkan kedudukannya daripada ancaman pesaing-pesaing politiknya. Kata kunci: Cixi, Xianfeng, Tongzhi, Putera Gong, Kudeta Xinyou Abstract This article examines Empress Dowager Cixi’s life history up until her ascension to power in 1875. The focus of the study is on the reign of Emperor Tongzhi (1862-1874) because Cixi successfully launched a coup known as Xinyou 1861 until she was known as the Chinese empress who ruled ‘behind the curtains’ during the reign of Emperor Tongzhi. -
The History of World Civilization. 3 Cyclus (1450-2070) New Time ("New Antiquity"), Capitalism ("New Slaveownership"), Upper Mental (Causal) Plan
The history of world civilization. 3 cyclus (1450-2070) New time ("new antiquity"), capitalism ("new slaveownership"), upper mental (causal) plan. 19. 1450-1700 -"neoarchaics". 20. 1700-1790 -"neoclassics". 21. 1790-1830 -"romanticism". 22. 1830-1870 – «liberalism». Modern time (lower intuitive plan) 23. 1870-1910 – «imperialism». 24. 1910-1950 – «militarism». 25.1950-1990 – «social-imperialism». 26.1990-2030 – «neoliberalism». 27. 2030-2070 – «neoromanticism». New history. We understand the new history generally in the same way as the representatives of Marxist history. It is a history of establishment of new social-economic formation – capitalism, which, in difference to the previous formations, uses the economic impelling and the big machine production. The most important classes are bourgeoisie and hired workers, in the last time the number of the employees in the sphere of service increases. The peasants decrease in number, the movement of peasants into towns takes place; the remaining peasants become the independent farmers, who are involved into the ware and money economy. In the political sphere it is an epoch of establishment of the republican system, which is profitable first of all for the bourgeoisie, with the time the political rights and liberties are extended for all the population. In the spiritual plan it is an epoch of the upper mental, or causal (later lower intuitive) plan, the humans discover the laws of development of the world and man, the traditional explanations of religion already do not suffice. The time of the swift development of technique (Satan was loosed out of his prison, according to Revelation 20.7), which causes finally the global ecological problems. -
Influence of Thermal Effects on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on Air Quality
atmosphere Article Influence of Thermal Effects on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on Air Quality in Typical Regions of China in Winter Yanjun Li 1,3 , Xingqin An 2,3,*, Guangzhou Fan 1, Chao Wang 2,3, Yang Zhao 2 and Jiangtao Li 2,3 1 School of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China; [email protected] (Y.L.); [email protected] (G.F.) 2 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; [email protected] (C.W.); [email protected] (Y.Z.); [email protected] (J.L.) 3 Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 6 November 2019; Accepted: 26 December 2019; Published: 30 December 2019 Abstract: In this paper, the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) monthly average reanalysis data from 1954 to 2017, haze days observation data from 1954 to 2017, and PM2.5 daily average mass concentration data from 2013 to 2017 are collected and collated. Firstly, the atmospheric apparent heat source on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is estimated based on thermodynamic equations. The correlation between the atmospheric apparent heat source (Q1) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the air quality in China, especially in the five typical regions (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Fen-Wei Plain, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Sichuan-Chongqing regions) is analyzed and studied. Through comprehensive -
The European Destruction of the Palace of the Emperor of China
Liberal Barbarism: The European Destruction of the Palace of the Emperor of China Ringmar, Erik 2013 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Ringmar, E. (2013). Liberal Barbarism: The European Destruction of the Palace of the Emperor of China. Palgrave Macmillan. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Download date: 06. Oct. 2021 Part I Introduction 99781137268914_02_ch01.indd781137268914_02_ch01.indd 1 77/16/2013/16/2013 1:06:311:06:31 PPMM 99781137268914_02_ch01.indd781137268914_02_ch01.indd 2 77/16/2013/16/2013 1:06:321:06:32 PPMM Chapter 1 Liberals and Barbarians Yuanmingyuan was the palace of the emperor of China, but that is a hope lessly deficient description since it was not just a palace but instead a large com- pound filled with hundreds of different buildings, including pavilions, galleries, temples, pagodas, libraries, audience halls, and so on. -
(Hrsg.) Strafrecht in Reaktion Auf Systemunrecht
Albin Eser / Ulrich Sieber / Jörg Arnold (Hrsg.) Strafrecht in Reaktion auf Systemunrecht Schriftenreihe des Max-Planck-Instituts für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht Strafrechtliche Forschungsberichte Herausgegeben von Ulrich Sieber in Fortführung der Reihe „Beiträge und Materialien aus dem Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht Freiburg“ begründet von Albin Eser Band S 82.9 Strafrecht in Reaktion auf Systemunrecht Vergleichende Einblicke in Transitionsprozesse herausgegeben von Albin Eser • Ulrich Sieber • Jörg Arnold Band 9 China von Thomas Richter sdfghjk Duncker & Humblot • Berlin Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.ddb.de> abrufbar. DOI https://doi.org/10.30709/978-3-86113-876-X Redaktion: Petra Lehser Alle Rechte vorbehalten © 2006 Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e.V. c/o Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht Günterstalstraße 73, 79100 Freiburg i.Br. http://www.mpicc.de Vertrieb in Gemeinschaft mit Duncker & Humblot GmbH, Berlin http://WWw.duncker-humblot.de Umschlagbild: Thomas Gade, © www.medienarchiv.com Druck: Stückle Druck und Verlag, Stückle-Straße 1, 77955 Ettenheim Printed in Germany ISSN 1860-0093 ISBN 3-86113-876-X (Max-Planck-Institut) ISBN 3-428-12129-5 (Duncker & Humblot) Gedruckt auf alterungsbeständigem (säurefreiem) Papier entsprechend ISO 9706 # Vorwort der Herausgeber Mit dem neunten Band der Reihe „Strafrecht in Reaktion auf Systemunrecht – Vergleichende Einblicke in Transitionsprozesse“ wird zur Volksrepublik China ein weiterer Landesbericht vorgelegt. Während die bisher erschienenen Bände solche Länder in den Blick nahmen, die hinsichtlich der untersuchten Transitionen einem „klassischen“ Systemwechsel von der Diktatur zur Demokratie entsprachen, ist die Einordung der Volksrepublik China schwieriger. -
ோेݼาჁᆓஶॉহ᎒खႁহ Chinese National Committee for IUGG Phone: 86-10-58806550, Fax: 86-10-82995172
खܹݼ٬ோेݼาჁᆓஶॉহ᎒खႁহ Chinese National Committee for IUGG Phone: 86-10-58806550, Fax: 86-10-82995172, http://www.iugg.org.cn CURRICULUM VITAE: Jianping Li Jianping Li, PhD, Professor Dean, College of Global Change and Earth System Science (GCESS), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Affiliate Professor, University of Hawaii, USA Email: [email protected] Tel: +86-10-58806550 Webpage: http://web.lasg.ac.cn/staff/ljp/Eindex.html http://lumahai.soest.hawaii.edu/met_faculty.htm 1. Education x Ph. D., 1997, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou x M. S., 1994, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou x B. S., 1991, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 2. Employment and Experience x 2014.6-present, Dean, Senior Professor, GCESS, Beijing Normal University, Beijing x 2013.11, Visiting Fellow, Isaac Newton Inst. for Math. Sci., Cambridge University x 2008.4-present, Affiliated Graduate Faculty, Dept. of Meteorology, University of Hawaii x 2006.11, 2008.4, 2008.8, 2009.2, 2011.1, Visiting Scientist, CSIRO, Australia x 2000.10-2001.1, 2007.1, Visiting Scientist, Indiana University, USA x 2002.4-2002.6, 2004.4-2004.6, Visiting Scientist, Air Resources Lab, NOAA, USA x 2002.1-2014.5, Professor, IAP, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing x 2001.1-2014.5, Deputy Director, LASG, IAP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing x 1999.5-2001.12, Associate Professor, IAP, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing x 1997.9-1999.5, Post-doctor, LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics -
Tracing the History of Radiobiology in Twentieth-Century China Author(S)
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by HKU Scholars Hub Radium, Biophysics, and Radiobiology: Tracing the History of Title Radiobiology in Twentieth-Century China Author(s) Luk, YLC History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences, 2018, v. 40 n. 1, Citation article 2 Issued Date 2018 URL http://hdl.handle.net/10722/243629 The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40656-017-0169-7; This work is Rights licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Page containing authors contact details TITLE PAGE Name of the author: Christine Yi Lai Luk Title: Radium, biophysics, and radiobiology: tracing the history of radiobiology in twentieth-century China Affiliation: the University of Hong Kong Address: Hong Kong Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Abstract: Radiobiology assesses the biological hazards of exposure to radioactive substances and nuclear radiation. This article explores the history of radiobiology in twentieth-century China by examining the overlapping of radium research and biophysics, from roughly the 1920s Nationalist period to the 1960s Communist period; from the foreign purchase of radium by the Rockefeller Foundation’s China Medical Board during the Republican era, to the institutional establishment of radiobiology as a subset of biophysics in the People’s Republic. Western historiography of radiobiology highlights the connection between the military development of nuclear weapons and the civilian use of radiation in biology, as well as the international export of radioisotopes and nuclear reactors. -
Physics and Politics
Beitriige zur Geschichte der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft - I Franz Steiner Verlag Sonderdrucl< aus: Physics and Politics Research and Research Support in TWentieth Century Germany in International Perspective Edited by Helmuth Trischler and Mark Walker j @ Franz Steiner vertag 2o1o t :'i PHYSICS IN CHINA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE coLD \rAR. 1949-1976 Zuo-yue Wang In April 1952, just days after he was appointed the associate director of the In- stitute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing, the Chinese nuclear physicist Wang Ganchang was called into the headquarters of the academy. A secret mission awaited him at the battle front of the Korean \Var: The Chinese forces suspected the US had used "atomic sheils" and wanted W'ang to investigate the matter. \fang, a physicist who had gone to Berlin University to study with Hans Geiger but ended up receiving his Ph. D. with Lise Meitner at the Kaiser \Tilhelm Institute in 1933, was well-qualified for the job. With a primi- tive but effective Geiger counter, W'ang checked fragments of the suspect shells and found that there was no increase in radioactivity. He concluded that they were not mini atomic bombs, but perhaps a new type of conventional weapon.l A relatively minor incident in the Korean W'ar, it nevertheless marked a milestone toward the be ginning of an era when the Cold War and nuclear weapons increas- ingly and decisively shaped the context within which physics was practiced in the People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong. A decade later, \fang emerged as a major architect of the Chinese nuclear weapons project and his whole institute and most of the leading Chinese physicists devoted themselves to it. -
READING BODIES: AESTHETICS, GENDER, and FAMILY in the EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY CHINESE NOVEL GUWANGYAN (PREPOSTEROUS WORDS) by QING
READING BODIES: AESTHETICS, GENDER, AND FAMILY IN THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY CHINESE NOVEL GUWANGYAN (PREPOSTEROUS WORDS) by QING YE A DISSERTATION Presented to the Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures and the Graduate School of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2016 DISSERTATION APPROVAL PAGE Student: Qing Ye Title: Reading Bodies: Aesthetics, Gender, and Family in the Eighteenth Century Chinese Novel Guwangyan (Preposterous Words) This dissertation has been accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of East Asian Languages and Literatures by: Maram Epstein Chairperson Yugen Wang Core Member Alison Groppe Core Member Ina Asim Institutional Representative and Scott L. Pratt Dean of the Graduate School Original approval signatures are on file with the University of Oregon Graduate School. Degree awarded June 2016 ii © 2016 Qing Ye iii DISSERTATION ABSTRACT Qing Ye Doctor of Philosophy Department of East Asian Languages and Literature June 2016 Title: Reading Bodies: Aesthetic, Gender, and Family in the Eighteenth Century Chinese Novel Guwangyan (Preposterous Words) This dissertation focuses on the Mid-Qing novel Guwangyan (Preposterous Words, preface dated, 1730s) which is a newly discovered novel with lots of graphic sexual descriptions. Guwangyan was composed between the publication of Jin Ping Mei (The Plum in the Golden Vase, 1617) and Honglou meng (Dream of the Red Chamber, 1791). These two masterpieces represent sexuality and desire by presenting domestic life in polygamous households within a larger social landscape. This dissertation explores the factors that shifted the literary discourse from the pornographic description of sexuality in Jin Ping Mei, to the representation of chaste love in Honglou meng. -
Biophysics, Rockets, and the State
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ASU Digital Repository Biophysics, Rockets, and the State: the Making of a Scientific Discipline in Twentieth-Century China by Yi Lai Christine Luk A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Approved March 2014 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Ann Hibner Koblitz, Chair Hoyt Tillman Jane Maienschein ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY May 2014 ABSTRACT This study takes biophysics––a relatively new field with complex origins and contested definitions––as the research focus and investigates the history of disciplinary formation in twentieth-century China. The story of building a scientific discipline in modern China illustrates how a science specialty evolved from an ambiguous and amorphous field into a full-fledged academic discipline in specific socio-institutional contexts. It focuses on archival sources and historical writings concerning the constitution and definition of biophysics in order to examine the relationship between particular scientific styles, national priorities, and institutional opportunities in the People's Republic of China. It argues that Chinese biophysicists exhibited a different style of conceiving and organizing their discipline by adapting to the institutional structure and political economy that had been created since 1949. The eight chapters demonstrate that biophysics as a scientific discipline flourished in China only where priorities of science were congruent with political and institutional imperatives. Initially consisting of cell biologists, the Chinese biophysics community redirected their disciplinary priorities toward rocket science in the late 1950s to accommodate the national need of the time. Biophysicists who had worked on biological sounding rockets were drawn to the military sector and continued to contribute to human spaceflight in post-Mao China. -
China, Space, Culture and Intent Implications for US Policy
China, Space, Culture and Intent Implications for US Policy Good afternoon! Thank you for coming. Kevin described what China is doing in space. US policy makers often ask why are they doing it, What are China’s intentions? And how should the US respond? It is hard to address these question without understanding the role of science in modern Chinese history. 1 “The accomplishments of the human space enterprise … strengthen the determination and faith of all the county’s peoples in the Chinese dream of a great renaissance of Chinese culture.” Using language that has its origins in the Chinese reform movements of the early twentieth century, Chinese president Xi Jinping recently tied China’s success in space to a renaissance of Chinese culture and civilization. 2 The idea of a renaissance implies something lost, and in China’s case it was the loss of self respect and the loss of the respect of others for Chinese culture and civilization. This occurred because China lost control of its own territory and of its ability to govern itself. Young Chinese reformers and revolutionaries struggled to recover, and fought among themselves about the best way to do it. 3 They disagreed about so many things that Chinese revolutionary leader Sun Yatsen – pictured here – derisively described the Chinese body politic as “a loose sheet of sand.” But they all agreed that China fell victim to the predations of other nations because China failed to develop modern science and technology. 4 The imperial Chinese government focused on acquiring Western military technology, especially a navy.