-1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1797

SENATE. referred to the Committee on Industrial Expositions snd or- dered to be printed in the RECORD, as fo11ows: ~ THURSDAY, February 2, 1911. CAPITOL, SACRA~ENTO, CAL., January 81 (Februa1·v 1), 1911, Prayer by the ·chaplain, Rev. Ulysses G. B. Pierce, D. D. The Hon. J. S. SHERMAN, The VICE PRESIDEl""lfr resumed the chair. President of the Senate of the United States, The Secretary proceeded to read, the Journal of yesterday's Washington, D. 0. proceedings when, on request of Mr. GALLINGER, and by unani­ Srn: I have the honor to inform you that the following assembly joint resolution No. 9 was this day passed unanimously in both as­ mous consent, the further reading was, dispensed with, and the sembly and senate and ordered immediately transmitted through you to Journal was approved. the Senate of the United States : Whereas the House of Representatives, officially, has recognized SENA.TORS FROM NORTH DAKOTA. AND WEST VIRGINIA. San Francisco as the fitting place for the holding of an international exposition to commemorate· the opening of the Panama Canal in 1915; Mr. SCOTT presented the credentials of CLARENCE W .A.YLA.ND and W ..A.TSON, chosen by the Legislature of the State of West Vir­ Whereas this result has been effected in large measure by the patri­ ofaia to fill otic endeavors of many of the citizens of the State who have- un­ a Senator from that State the vacancy caused by selfishly devoted themselves to the task: Now therefore be 1t the death of Hon. Stephen Benton Elkins in the term ending Resolved by the senate and assembly jointly, That the thanks of the March 3, 1913, which were read and ordered to be filed. citizens of California., expressed by their representatives in the State l\Ir. l\IcCUMBER presented the credentials of ABLE J. GRONNA, legislature b!-!i and they are hereby, tendered to the Members of the Congress of we nited States, in both Houses, and to all who have so chosen by the Legislature of the State of North Dakota a Sena­ generously aided California in securing the official recognition for· the tor from that State for the term ending Marelt ::. 1015, being Panama-Pacific International Exposition; and be it further the unexpired term of Hon. M. N. Johnson, deceased, which were Resolv d. That this resolution be telegraphed to the Speaker of the !louse of Representatives and to the President of the Senate o! the read and ordered to be filed. Congress of the United States. Mr. l\IcCUl\IBER. Mr. GRONNA is present in the Chamber A. H. HEWITT, and ready to take the oath of office. Spealver of Assembly. L. B. lifALLOUY, l\Ir. SCOTT. Mr. WATSON is also present and ready to be Chief Clerk of Assembly. sworn. . A. J. "ALLA.CE, The VICE PRESIDENT. Withmrt objection, the Senators­ President of Senate. elect will appear at the desk and take the oath of office. WALTER N. PARnlSH, Mr. GRONNA. and 1\Ir. W A.TSON were escorted to the Vice Presi­ Secretar11 of Senate. dent's desk by l\Ir. McCUMBER and Mr. ScoTT, respecth·ely, and The VICE P.RESIDENT presented a petition of sundry citi­ the oath prescribed by law having been :ldministered to them zens of r .. ong Island, N. Y., praying that an appropriation be they took their seats in the Senate. made for the survey of Port Pond Bay, in that State, which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. SENATOR FROM RHODE ISLA.ND. He also presented a memorial of the Committee on Peace of Mr. WETMORE presented the credentials of HENRY FREDER­ the Associated Society of Friends, of New York, remonstrating ICK LIPPITT, chosen by the Legislature of the Stute of Rhode -llgainst any appropriation being made for the forti.ficntio:n of Island a Senator from that State for the term beginning l\Iarch the Pnnamn Canal, which was referred to the Committee on 4, 1911, which were read and ordered to be filed. l\Iilitary Affairs. SURVEY OF WEYMOUTH FORE RIVER, MASS. He also presented a memorial of sundry officials of Gobierno, municipality of Iloilo, P. I., remonstI·ating against certain views The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communi­ expressed by Hon. D. C. Wo1-ce ter in a peech befoJ:e the cation from the Secretary of War~ transmitting, in response to Young Men's Christian Association in that island, which was a resolution of the 30th ultimo, information relative to the referred to the Committee on the Philippines. cost for the improvement of the Weymouth Fore River, Mass. l\fr. CULLOM presented a petition of the Chicago Associn­ (H. Doc. No. 1334), which, with the accompanying paper, was tion of Commerce of Illinois, praying for the creation of a referred to the Committee on Commerce and ordered to be court of patent appeals, which was referred to the Committee printed. on the Judiciary. FORT BELKNAP INDIAN RESERV .A.TION. He also presented a petition of Washington Post, No. 573, The. VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communi­ Grand Army of the Republic, Department of Illinois, of Chi­ cation from the Secret.a.ry of the Interior, transmitting, in re­ cago, Ill., praying for the passage of the so-called old-age pen­ sponse to a resolution of June 23, 1910, a report relative to the sion bill, which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. terms and conditions under which the United States may ac­ Mr. PERKINS. I present joint re~olutions adopted by the quire and make available for settlement the northerly one­ Legislature of the State of Cnlifornia, which I ask may lie on fourth of the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation, etc. ( S. Doc. the table and be printed in the RECORD. No. 805), which, with the accompanying paper, was referred to There being no objection, the resolutions were ordered to lie the Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed. on the table and to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: WASHINGTON, SPA. SPRING & GRETTA. RAILROAD CO. SACRAMENTO, CAL., Februaf°'IJ 1-2, 1911. Hon. GEORGE C. PERKINS, The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the annual United States .Senate, Washington, D. 0. report' of th~ Washington, Spa Spring & Gretta Railroad Co. Srn: Under direction of the senate of the State of Californla, I run for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1910 (H. Doc. No. 1347), telegraphing the accompanyin"' senate joint resolutions adopted by the Legislature of the State of California, with the request that yon trans­ which was referred to the Committee on the District o:f Co­ mit a copy thereof to Senator FLINT. lumbia and ordered to be printed. Senate joint resolution 3.-Introduced by Senat or Holohan. MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. Whereas the State of California, at the cost of $250,000, purchased A message from the House, by W. J. Browning, its Chief what is now known as the California Redwood Park, containing 3,800 acres of land in what is known as the Big Basin, situated in the Clerk, announced that the Honse had disagreed to the amend­ counties of Santa Cruz and San Mateo, State of California, upon which ments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 28632) making appropria­ are growing trees of a species known as Sequoia sempervirens, for tions for the construction, repair, and preservation of certain the purpose of preserving a body of such trees from destruction and perpetuating them m their primal state ; works on rivers and harbors, and for other purposes, asks a Whereas the State of California has amply provided for the care and conference with the Senate on the disagreeing votes of the two protection of such park and has placed the same under the control of Houses thereon, and had appointed Mr. ALEXANDER, l\fr. LAW­ the California Redwood Park Commission ; Whereas in the vicinity of such park and within the area known as RENCE, and Mr. SPARKMAN managers at the conference on the Big Basin there are public lands of the United States which, if annexed part of the House. thereto, would greatly add to the value of said park and enhance the benefits to a.cc.rue therefrom to the people and also materially decrea8e ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. the danger from fire within the territory contained within ·the said Big Basin ; and The message also announced that the Speaker of the House Whereas said public lands have been withdrawn from entry and sale had signed the following enrolled bills, and they were there­ by the Department of the Interior, pending action by the State of Cali­ upon signed by the Vice President: fornia and the Congress of the United States: Therefore be it Resolved by the senate and assembly jointly, That the Legislature of S.10268. An act granting to the Ozark Power & Water Co. the State of Californla memorializes the Congress of the United States ·authority to construct a dam across White River, Mo.; and to cede such public lands so situated as aforesaid, in said Big Basin, to S.10304. An act to authorize the construction, maintenance, the State of California, for use as part of the existing California Red­ wood Park ; be it further and operation of a bridge across the Tombigbee River near Resolved, That the Secretary of the Interior be requested to continue Iron Wood Bluff, in Itawamba County, Miss. to withhold from public entry or sale such public lands until the con­ sideration by the Congress of the United States of this memorial ; be PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. it further The VICE PRESIDENT presented a telegram from the Resol·ved, That our Senators and Repr.esentatives in Congress be re­ quested to use all honorable means to secure the withholding from officers of the Legislature of the State of California, which was public entry or sale of said lands and the passage of a measure pro- fl798 GONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 2, viding for the cession thereof to the State of California for the pur­ Whereas the United States has agreements with more thnn a score pose aforesaid ; be it further of foreign countries permitting packages weighin~ up to 11 pounds to ResoZved, That t he State of California will accept transfer from the be mailed at any point in the nited Stat es to pomts on the other side Government of the United States of all of the lands owned by tlie of the world at a rate of 12 cents per pound ; and United States in township 9 south, range 3 west, and in township 9 Wherea s under this agreement an 11-pound package may be sent from south, range 4 west, Mount Diablo base and meridian, in the State of Omaha to Japan at a lower rate per pound t han a 4-pound package California, and will hold the same as a part of the California Red­ may be sent from Omaha to Lincoln : Therefore be it wood P ark ; and be it further Resolved, That t he Nebraska Farmers' Congress demands that Sena­ R es oZ,,;ed, That a copy of the e resolutions be forwarded to the Presi­ tors and Representatives from Nebraska , in the United States Congress, dent of the nited States, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary support country wide, unlimited parcels-post law that will give purcels­ of Agriculture, the respective Houses of Congress, and to each of our post privileges between points in the United .St ates similar to the Senators in Congress now in ofilce and to those who will assume offi.ce privileges enjoyed with foreign countries under the ·parcels-post agree- on March 4, 1911. ments the United States has with foreign countries. · Respectfully, yours, W. S. DELANO, Secretary. Senate joint resolution 4.-Introduced by Senator Boynton. l\!r. BROWN presented a petition of Local Lodge No. 565, Whereas there has been r ecommended by a board of Army engineers that an appropriation of $510,000 be made by the Congress of the United Independent Order of 1\Iechanics, of Grand I sland, Nebr., pray­ States for the opening of Pinole Shoals, in Sa n Pablo Bay; and ing for the enactment of legislation to further restrict immi­ Whereas there has been r ecommended by the Corps of Engineers, gration. which was referred to the Committee on Immigration. United States Army, having jurisdiction over the navigable rivers of Calif ornia, an a pp ropriation of $109,000 for securing and maintaining Mr. BRIGGS presented petitions of Barry Post, of Rahway; a 9-foot low-water channel depth on the Sacramento River between Lyon Post, of Vineland; Weart Post,· of Hopewell; Dandy Post, Sacrame.nto and Suisun Bay, $12,000 for securing and maintaining a of Perth Amboy; Howell Post, of Woodbury; Mecray Post, of 4-foot low-water channel depth on the Sacramento River between Sacra­ mento and Chico Landing, $6,000 for securing and maintaining a 3-foot Cape l\fay; Wilson Post, of Jersey City; l\Ieade_Camp, of Belle­ low-water channel depth on the Sacramento River between Chico Land­ ville; Boggs-Janeway Post, of New Brunswick; Shiras Post, of ing and Red Bluff: Mount Holly; Burnside Post, of Toms River; Stratton Post, of R esolved by tli e senate a?td assembl11 of the State of California jointly, That we consider the r ecommended improvements of the greatest Mullica Hill; Ellsworth Post, of Union; Hatch Post, of Cam­ importance to the State of California, and hereby petition the Congress den; Sharp Post, of Millville; Angel Post, of Lambertville; of the United States to act favorably upon the proposed appropriations; Garfield Post, of Newark; Wilkes Post, of Trenton, all of the and be it further . Resolv ed, That upon the passage of this resolution the secretary of Grand Army of the Republic; of Union Veteran Legion, No. 87, the senate be directed to forward a copy thereof to our Senators and of Camden, and of sundry citizens, all in the State of New Representatives in Congress, a sking them to present this resolution to Jersey, praying for the passage of the so-called old-age pension the Senate and House of Representatives. . bill, which were referred to the Committee on Pensions. He also presented petitions of Central Division, No. 157, Senate joint resolution 9.-Introduced by Senator Shanahan. Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, of Jersey City; of Local Whereas it appears that California's contributions to the reclamation funds have been very great and that the State is entitled to a large Lodge No. 2, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, of Phillips­ share of the regular reclamation funds as provided by the reclamation burg; and of Wilbur Camp, No. 25, Woodmen of the World, of act; and Trenton, all in the State of New Jersey, praying for the enact­ Whereas the Klamath project is among the most worthy in the United States and its early completion is desirable, both to the sections to be ment of legislation providing for the admission of publications developed though its construction and to the United States to secure of fraternal societies to the mail as second-class matter, which the earliest possible return of the construction funds for use else~ were referred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. where; and Whereas it appears that the uninstructed portions of the Klamath He also presented petitions of A. de Z. Patton, of Ridgewood; project are to be equally divided between the Stat es of California and B. F. S. Brown, of Keyport; Henry F." Schmidt, of Orange; the Oregon: Therefore be it Keyport Weekly, of Keyport; the New Jersey Editorial Associa­ Resowed, That our Senators and Representatives in Congress be, and they are hereby, memorialized to use their ear· nest efforts to secure toin; the Star & Wave Publishing Co., of Cape May; and the funds sufficient for the continuous construction of all a pproved units Tenafly Publishing Co., of Tenafly, all in the State of New Jer­ of the Klamath projects, and that they endeavor to secure the coopera­ sey, praying for the enactment of legislation to prohibit the tion of the Senators and R epresentatives from Oregon in securing t h e completion of the Klamath project without unnecess::iry delay or the printing of certain matter on stamped envelopes, which were elimination of any of its important details, slnce both States are equally referred. to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. interested in its construction. He also presented petitions of Local Union No. 535, Waiters' The secretary of state is hereby instructed to transmit, without delay, a copy of this memorial to each of the Senators and Representatives Union, of Jersey City; of the Essex Trades Council, of Newark; of the State of California in Congress. of Enterprise 'council, No. 6, Junior Order United American Respectfully, WALTER N. PARRISH, Mechanics, of Trenton; of Washington Camp No. 113, of Lake­ Secretary of the Senate. wood; of Washington Camp No. 3, of Phillipsburg; and of Mr. BEVERIDGE. I present a resolvtion adopted by the Washington Camp No. 136, of Cedarville, all of the Patriotic senate of the Legislature of the State of Indiana, relative to Order of the Sons of America, in the State of New Jersey, pray­ the enactment of legislation to promote the efficiency of the ing for the enactment of legislation to further restrict immigra­ Life-Saving Service. I ask that the resolution lie on the table tion, which were referred to the Committee on Immigration. nnd be printed in the RECORD. He also presented a petition of the Woman's Club of Cliffside There being no objection, the resolution was ordered to 1ie Park, Grantwood, N. J., praying for the enactment of legislation on the table and ·to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: providing for an investigation into the condition of dairy prod­ Whereas there is now pending in the House of Repre entatives of ucts for the prevention and spread of tnberculosis, which was the United States Senate bill 5677, entitled "A bill to promote the efficiency of the Life-Saving Service ; " and referred to the Committee on Agricult ure and Forestry. Whereas said bill is of great importance to the shipping interests of He also presented a petition of the National State Grange, this State and of the country at large and is a just a.nd desirable Patrons of Husbandry, of New Jersey, praying for the passage measure : Therefore be it Resolv ed by the General Assembly of Indiana, That the Representa­ of the so-called rural parcels-post bill, which was ordered to lie tives from this Sta te in the House of Representatives of the United on the table. States be, and they are hereby, earnestly requested to support said measure and use their efforts to secure its immediate passage. He also presented a memorial of the Board of Trade of New SENATE CHAMBER, Brunswick, N. J., remonstrating against the enactment of legis­ INDIANAPOLIS, IND., Januat·y 27, 1911. lation to prohibit the printing of certain matter on stamped I hereby certify that the inclosed is a true and correct copy of senate envelopes, which was referred. to the Committee on Post Offices resolution offered by Senator Evan B. Stotsenburg on Friday, January 27, 1911. Said resolution was unanimously adopted. and Post Roads. DALE J. CRITTE NBERGER, He also presented a petition of Local Branch No. 14, Glass Sec-retary of t he Senate. Bottle Blowers' Association, of Woodbury, N. J., praying for Mr. BROWN. I present a resolution adopted by the Nebraska the repeal of the present oleomargarine law, which was referred Farmers' Congress at their annual session at Lincoln, Nebr., · to the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. which I ask may be printed in the RECORD -and referred to the He also presented the petition of D. R. Hummer, of Dover, Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. N. J., praying for the enactment of legislation providing for the There being no objection, the resolution was referred to the registration of motor vehicles engaged in interstate travel, Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads and ordered to be which was referred to the Committee on Interstate Commerce. printed in the RECORD, as follows: He also presented. a petition of the New Jersey State Federa­ NEBRASKA FARMERS' CONGRESS, tion of Labor, praying for the retention of the eight-hour clause Lincoln, Nel>r., Janua_ry 26, m11. in the naval appropriation bill, which was referred to thP. Com­ Hon. NORRIS BROWN, United States S enate, Washi ngton, D. 0. mittee on Naval Affairs. MY DEAR S&.'\.ATOR : The Nebraska Farmers' Congress, in annual 1\fr. FLINT. I present a communication from G. Harold session in the city of Lincoln, January 17 to 20, adopted the following Powell, secretary and manager of the Citrus Protective League resolution : of California, relative to the progress made in the lemon indus­ Whereas the limit for packages of fourth-class mail matter between points in the United States is 4 pounds and the rate is 16 cents a try in that State. I ask that the communication be printed in pound; and the RECORD and referred to the Committee on Finance. 1911. CONQ-RESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 11799

pests to conquer. The largest average yield attained In the State as a There being no objection, the communication was referred to whole hardly exceeds one-third of a carload, or less than 9,000 pounds, the C-Ommittee on Finance and ordered to be printed in the of fruit per acre for the 18,000 acres of bearing groves. There are R ECORD, as follows: some groves that produce a carload or more per acre, just as there are unusual surgeons, lawyers, and business men who stand head and CITRUS PROTECTIVE LEAGUE OF CALIFORNIA, shoulders above the average man in the same profession. The increase Los Angeles, January !4, 1911. in the difficulties of production and the decrease in productiveness of Hon. FRANK P. FLINT, many of the bearing groves have caused some apprehension as to the United States Senate, Washington, D. 0 . future of the industry. The State university recently brought two of DEAR SENATOR ·: Referring to our conversation in Washington in the most distinguished soil experts in America to California to help the December in regard to the "recent progress that has been made in the growers solve their difficulties, and two large conventions of fruit - lemon industry in California, I have met a large number of growers growers have recently appealed to the Federal and to the State Govern­ and have seen many of the lemon-growing regions since reaching the ments to furnish investigators and funds to cooperate with the industry State. It has been two years since I have given much attention to the in working out these troubles. . industry. The lemon business appears to have taken on new life, and The industry is awaiting with great interest the outcome of the in­ the acreage is increasing rapidly at the present time. It is estimated vestigations that have been made by the honorable Secretary of the that 3 380 acres have been planted in the last two years, and at least Treasury of the effect of the present regulations in determining the de­ 5 000 'acres will be planted this spring. A detailed survey of the cay in imports of lemons. The industry here feels that it may have lemon-growing counties has recently been made to determine the amount been subjected to unfair competition under the present regulations and of available land adanted to lemon growing, on which water is already that the importer has had an undue advantage for years past by secur­ developed or on which it can be developed. You will probably be sur­ ing an excessive allowance for decay. This is a vital matter to the prised, as I have been, to learn that there are at I.east 56,000 acres _in California lemon grower. The imports of lemons into New York have the counties south of the Tehachapi and, exclusive of the I mperial not . decreased i·ecently, as the importers claimed they would when the Valley that are not now planted with fruit of any kind and which are tariff bill was under discussion. According to the records of the New adapted to' lemon culture. There are at least 800 acres in San Diego, York Fruit Exchange, there was a difference of less than 1,000 boxes and several thousand may be developed in that county in the next few of lemons in the total receipts in New York in the two years ending years, 1,000 in Santa Barbara, 5,000 in Riverside, 2,000 in San Bernar­ November 1, 1909 and 1910. The tarift' act became effective August dino, 10,000 in Orange, 10,000 in Los Angeles, and 20,000 in Ventura 5, 1909. The receipts of foreign lemons into New York from November Counties. There are now 18,000 acres bearing lemons in the State. 1, 1908, to August 1. 1909, amounted to 1,335,275 boxes. The imports 'l'he present acreage, together with the trees to be planted this spring from November 1, 1909, to August 1, 1910, including nine months after and the available acreage that will soon be planted if the conditions the tariff became effective, amounted to 1,439,850 boxes, or 104,575 boxes surrounding the industry remain settled and stable. will supply the more than during the corresponding nine months in the year preceding entire American demand and leave a surpius of lemons for export. the time when the act became effective. The total imports of lemons There is 'a big contrast between the feeling of the growers as I find it into the United States for the year beginning July 1, 1908, and ending now and the feeling that existed in 1904 to 1906, when half a million June 30, 1909, were approximately 135,000,000 pounds. The imports bearing trees were either dug up or were budded over to oranges on for the year be;:;innlng July 1, 1909, and ending June 30, 1910, were ap­ account of the depressed condition of the industry. The California proximately lG0,000,000 pounds, or 25,000,000 pounds more during the grower has set out to furnish the entire Amer1caD' supply of lemons. year after the tariff became effective. As long as these heavy importa­ There is practically an unlimited acreage that could be planted to tions continue the domestic producer feels that no governmental regu­ lemons in Tulare County, but the crop in that part of the State matures lation shonld be allowed to stand when it is found that through its largely in the fall. Under these conditions an extensive planting is enforcement it· works to the disadvantage of the domestic producer. not likely to follow. Two hundred acres have been planted in Tulare I do not know that I have any further general impressions to offer. County in the last two years and 700 acres will be planted this spring. Yours, very truly, G. HAROLD POWELL, There are not less than 500 bearing acres in the county at the present Secretary and M a11ager. time. I am mentioning the Tulare County plantings especially, as they will have an important influence on the future fall prices of lemons. l\fr. DICK presented a memorial of Louis Stix & Co., of Cin­ There is a natural shortage in the lemon supply for a short time in cinnati, Ohio, remonstrating against the passage of the so-called the fall. The California crop is light at that period. The Sicilian crop has not begun to move freely and the importation of the foreign parcels-post bill, which was referred to the Committee on Post fruit is sometimes regulated to create an unusually hlgh price for a Offices ancl Post Roads. few shipments. Such a condition apparently occurred in October in He also presented petitions of the Franklin County Pomona 1910, when the New York market was kept comparatively bare of for­ eign fruit for two weeks in order to create an abnormal price. Acco1·d­ Grange, of Groveport; of the Farmers' Institute of Kipton, and ing to the records of the New York Fruit Exchange there were approxi­ of the Ohio State Grange, all in the State of Ohio, praying for mately 50,000 boxes of foreign lemons afloat or in the 9ort of N ·~w the passage of the so-called parcels-post bill, which were re­ York unsold September 23; 33,700, September 30; 23,00 , October 7. The exports from Italy, or the number reported due in New York, were ferred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. then held back fo1· two weeks. On October 14 there were only 6.875 He also presented memorials of -sundry business firms of boxes and 5,650 on October 21 reported by the importers either afloat Piqua, Ironton, and Xenia, all in the State of Ohio, remonstra­ or unsold in ew York. One week later, October 28, 50,800 boxes h ad been liberated from Italy, or were in New York for sale, and on ting against the enactment of legislation to prohibit the printing November 18, 81,650 boxes were afloat or for sale in port. The fol­ of certain matter on stamped envelopes, which were referred to lowing statement shows the approximate number of boxes of lemons the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. afloat or in the port of New York from September 23 to November 18 for the ·years 1906 to 1910, inclusive: He also presented petitions of sundry business firms of New Foreign lemons reported afloat and. in the port of New York tmsolcl. Carlisle, Cincinnati, Delphos, West Milton, London, Waynes­ field, and Chillicothe, all in the State of Ohio, praying for the 1910 1909 1908 1907 1906 enactment of legi~la tion to prohibit the printing of certain mat­ ------ter on stamped envelopes, which were referred to the Committee ------on Post Offices and Post Roads. September 23 .....••••••••.•••• 49, 900 38,800 22, 700 51,600 32, 700 He also presented petitions of Local Union No. 172, ·Interna­ September SO··--···········-· · 33, 725 29, 950 26,000 48,300 42, 750 October 7 ...... •...... 22, 950 29, 275 17, 650 37, 600 4!1,650 tional Molders' Union, of Toledo; of the Pattern Makers' Asso­ October 14 ..•••.•••••••.. ···--· 6,875 25,625 12,400 . 26,300 53,000 ciation o_f Cleveland; of the Federation of Labor of Cleveland; October 21. •.• . •• ..• _... __ • ••• • 5,650 z.8,000 l{l,850 27,000 47,000 of the Brotherhood of Operative Potters of Wellsville; o1 the Octol.Jer 28 .. ·-················· 60, 800 15, 925 18,500 30, 300 59,300 No,·ember 4 .••••••••••••••••• • 67,500 15,475 40, 950 37,500 69,000 ]'ederation of Women's Clubs of Toledo, and of Kiln Men's Local NoYember 11 . ..••.....•.•... _. 76,650 23,825 47,600 40, 750 70, 950 Union No. 9, National Brotherhood of Operative Potters, of 81, 650 26,450 45, 900 44,800 66,000 November 18. ········-·· .••.•. East Liverpool, all in the State of Ohio, praying for the r~peal of the present oleomargarine law, which were referred to the During the artlficlal shortage created in October, 1910, by the Committee on Agriculture and Forestry. manipulation of imports one carload of California lemons sold for $6 to $12 a box in New York. As soon as this sale was accomplished a He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of Jeff~rson large foreign supply was liberated ; the price fell within a few days to and Austinburg, in the State of Ohio, praying for the passage the usual figure for that time of the year, and this carload and the small of the so-called old-age pension bill, which were referred to receipts were used to show that the duty on lemons restricts importa­ tions and forces the consumer to pay an abnormal price for the fruit. the Committee on Pensions. A::; a good deal has been said about this carload, I think you might He also presented a memorial of the Standard Cereal Co., of be interested to know that similar high prices have been obtained on Chillicothe, Ohio, and a memorial of the National Milling Co., foreign fruit at some period in nearly every year, at least, since 1885. According to tbe New York Journal of Commerce, foreign lemons sold of Toledo, Ohio, remonstrating against the ratification of the in New York for $10.62 per box in July in 1885; $9.50 in October, proposed treaty for the unification of certain rules in the 1 886 ; $7.50 in June, October, and November, 1888; $8.75 in October, matter of collisions, which were referred to the Committee on 1 889; $10.37 in July, 1890, and several times above $9 in the same month, and $8.87 in October; $9.50 in August, 1892; $12.50, $11.75, Commerce. and many times above $9 in September and October, 1895; $10.50 and · He also presented petitions of the Trades and Labor Assem­ several times above $9 in October, 1898. I could cite many similar bly of Sandusky; of the Labor Legislative League of · Middle­ high prices during the following years. Now, when the Tulare County fruit comes into bearing in a few years the American public will be town; and of the Federation of Labor of Cleveland, all 1n the able to depend on a uniform domestic supply in the fall, and the abnor­ State of Ohio, praying for the enactment of legislation to mally high prices that have been created artificially for speculation and further restrict immigration, which were referred to the Com­ spectacular purposes will be a thing of the past. There is promise of the largest lemon crop on record in California mittee on Immigration. this year. It is estimated that the yield will reach 7,000 carloads or l\fr. BURNHAM presented petitions of Thomas M. Huse ovei·. There is a great deal of attention being given to improving the Post, No. 92, of Center Barnstead; of Senator Grimes Post, methods of handling the lemon in the fields and packing houses. It is the most difficult frult in California to produce and market. The No. 25, of .Hillsboro Bridge; and of J. R . NeweH .Post, No. 61, United States Department of Agriculture and the University of Cali­ of Wolfeboro, all of the Department of New Hampshire, Grand fornia have cooperated with the industry for several years and are Army of the Republic, in the State of New Hampshire, prnying helping to solve some of the difficulties that the growers and shippers had not been able to meet alone. There are many problems still to be for the passage of the so-called old-age pension bill, which were worked out, soil difficulties to be investigated, and insect and fungus referred to the Committee on Pensions. 1800 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. _ FEBRUARY 2,_

Mr. GALLINGER. I present a joint resolution of the Legis­ Great Britain, which was referred to the Committee on Foreign lature of the State of New Hampshire, relative to the enact­ Relations. ment of legislation to promote the efficiency of the Life-Saving He also presented petitions of the Trade aild Labor Council of Service. I ask that the joint resolution· be printed in the Poughkeepsie; the Federal Labor Union of Utica; the Central RECORD, and that it lie on the table, as the Senate has aJready Labor Union of Hudson; of New York Commandery, No. 7; passed the bill on that subject. . of Washington Camp No. 6, of New York City; of Washington There being no objection, the resolution was ordered to lie Camp No. 10, of Montgomery; and of Washington Camp No. on the table and to be printed in the RECORD, as follows : 12, of Binghamton, all of the Patriotk Order Sons of America, Joint resolution indorsing United States Senate bill No. 5677, entitled in the State of New York, praying for the enactment of legisla-• "To promote the effiCiency of the Lile-Saving Service." tion to further restrict immigration, which were referred to the Resol,,;ed. by the senate and h-Ouse of representati,,;es in ue11erai court Committee on Immigration. con:1:enea: Whereas the United States Senate has passed Senate bill No. 5677, He also presented a petition of Local Grange No. 69, Patrons entitled "To promote the efficiency of the Life-Saving Service," and of Husbandry, of Carthage, N. Y., praying that New Orleans, 'said bill is now in the Committee of Interstate and Foreign Commerce La., be selected as the site for holding the proposed Panama of the House of Representatives in Congress; and Whereas we believe that the officers and members of the United States Canal Exposition, which was referred to the Committee on Life-Saving Service should receive from .the Government the ~ame treat­ Industrial Expositions. ment in regard to retirement, Iong-serVIce pay., etc., as is given. to pie He also presented a petition of .Cataract Lodge, No. 639, rank and file of the Army and Navy of the Umted States ; ~d m v1~w of the fact that from the hazardous and valuable work which the .life Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, of Niaga ru Fa'ils, N. Y., savers perform the vast amount of value and the great number of llves praying for the enactment of legislation providing for the ad­ which they save from the perils of the sea, and that said service is a mission of publications of fraternal societies to the mail as branch of the Government service which pays back to the public a great profit of what it costs to maintain it; and that ur.ticles of enlis.tment second-class matter, which was . referred to the Committee on compel them to serve with the Army und Navy durmg war : Be it Post Offices and Post Roads. Resolved That they should be entitled to all privileges as given to Mr. STEPHENSON presented a petition of Fox River Valley the aforesaid bodies ; and be it . Resol,,;ed, That we earnestly request early and fav?rable action upo.n Pomona Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, of Appleton, Wis., Senate bill No. 5677 by the House of Representatives m Congress assem­ praying for the passage of the so-called parcels-post bill, which bled for retirement and relief, as recommended by the Hon. S. I. Kim­ was referred to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. ball general superintendent of the United States Life-Saving Service, and' approved by the honorable Secretary of the United States Treasury; He also presented a memorial of sundry citizens of Water­ be it further . town, Wis., remonstrating against the enactment of legislation Resolved_, That a copy of these resolutions be immediately forwarded proposing to change the name of the Public Health and Marine­ to th~ Hon. S. I. Kimball and to the honorable Secretary of _the Treas­ ury, Washingtop. D. C., and to Members of Congress from this State. Hospital Service, etc., which was referred to the Committee on FRANK A. MUSGROVE, Public Health and National Quarantine. Speaker of the House of Representatives. He also presented a petition of the Board of School Directors WILLIAM D. SWART, of Milwaukee, Wis., praying that an appropriation be made for President of the Senate. the extension of the field work of the Bureau of Educa­ Approved, January 25, 1911. RoBERT P. BASS, Governor. tion, which was referred to the Committee on Education and Labor. Mr. GALLINGER presented a petition of Mount Prospect He also presented a petition of George D. Eggleston Post, No. Council, No. 16, Junior Order of United American M~han.ics, of 133, and a petition of John H. Williams Post, No. 4, Depart­ Plymouth, N. H., praying for the enactment of legislation to ment of Wisconsin, Grand Army of the Republic, in the State further restrict immigration, which was referred to the Com­ of Wisconsin, praying for the passage of the so-called old-age mittee on Immigration. pension bill, which were referred to the Committee on Pensions. He also presented a petition of the East Washington Citizens' He also presented a petition of the Woman's Club of Ke­ Association of the District of Columbia, praying for the enact­ nosha, Wis., and a petition of Local Union No. 559, Brotherhood ment of legislation providing for free transfers between the of Painters, Decorators, and Paperhangers of America, of Washington Railway & Electric Co. and the Washington, Spa Superior, Wis., praying for the repeal of the present oleomar­ Springs & Gretta Railroad Co., which was referred to the garine law, which were referred to the Committee on Agri­ Committee on the District of Columbia. culture and Forestry. He also presented a petition of Local Branch No. 3, Paving He also presented a memorial of sundry citizens of Bruce, Cutters' Union of the United States and Canada, of Milford, Wis., remonstrating against the passage of the so-called rural N. H., praying for the repeal of the present oleomargarine law, parcels-post bill, which was ordered to lie on the table. which was referred to the Committee on Agriculture and He also presented a petition of the Association of Army Nurses Forestry. of the Civil War, praying for the enactment of legislation pro­ He also presented a petition of the Weekly Publishers' Asso­ viding for an increase of pension to nurses who served in the ciation of New Hampshire, praying for the enactment of legis­ Civil War, which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. lation to prohibit the printing of certain matter on stamped He also presented a petition of the Chamber of Commerce of envelopes, which was referred to the Committee on Post Offices Milwaukee, Wis., praying for the enactment of legislation au­ and Post Roads. thorizing the establishment of forest reservations io.t the head­ He also presented a petition of the Master Plumbers' Associa­ waters of navigable streams, which was ordered to lie on the tion of the city of Washington, D. C., praying for the enactment table. of legislation to increase the salary of the assistant plum~ing inspectors of the District, which was referred to the Committee He also presented a petition of sundry citizens of St. Croix on the District of Columbia. Falls, W1s., praying that an appropriation be made for the ex­ Mr. DEPEW presented petitions of Tyler J. Snyder Post; tension of the work of the Office of Public Roads, Department of D. F. Schenck Post, No. 271; John W. Watson Post, No. 514; Agriculture, which was referred to the Committee on Agi·icul­ Skillin Post, No. 47; A. A. Hoff Post, No. 494; James A. Hall ture and Forestry. Post, No. 292; Colonel Sammons Post, No. 242; Arthur Smith He also presented the memorial of l\frs. Edward P. Vilas, Post, No. 5-06; W. E. Hunt Post, No. 376; C. A. Siver Post, No. president of the National Society of Colonial Dames in the State 124; Rust Post, No. 357; Knox Post, No. 549; Craig W. Wads­ of Wisconsin, remonstrating against the establishment of a re­ worth Post, No. 417; J. N. Warner Post, No. 565; Charles P. formatory of the Belvoir tract, near Mount Vernon, Va., which Sprout Post No. 76; H.J. Batchford Post, No. 385; Bacon Post, was referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia. No. 53; Be~ Higgins Post, No. 670; Fleming Post, No. 280; Mr. DU PONT presented a petition of Diamond Council, :Melzar Richards Post, No. 367; Howell Post, No. 390; Lock­ Junior Order United American Mechanics, of Wilmington, Del., wood Post, No. 175; A. N. Baldwin Post, No. 263; William 0. and a petition of Washington Camp No. 22, Patriotic Order Sons Stevens Post, No. 393; Vanderburg Post; Keeslar Post, No. 55; of America, of Grubb Corner, Del., praying for the enactment Scoville Post, No. 459; Colonel Hiram Anderson Post, No. 425; of legislation to fU1'ther restrict immigration, which were re­ G. w. Flower Post, No. 306; F. M. Leonard Post, No. 525; H. H. ferred to the Committee on Immigration. Beecher Post; Carey W. Miner Post, No. 624; Upton Post, No. He also presented a petition of General B. F. Butler Post, No. 299; Colonel Elmer E. Ellsworth Post, No. 619; Andrew .T. Chest­ 28 Department of Delaware, Grand Army of the Republic, of nut Post, No. 445, all of the Department of New York, Grand K~nt County, DeL, praying for the passage of the so-called o:d-age Army of the Republic, in the State of New York, praying for the pension bill which was referred to the Committee on Pens10ns. passage of the so-called old-age pension bill, which were re­ Mr. WETMORE presented a memorial of the Society of ferred to the Committee on Pensions. Colonial Dames in the State of Rhode Island and Providence He also presented a memorial of the O'Connell Club, of Bath Plantations remonstrating against the establishment of a re­ Beach, Brooklyn, N. Y., remonstrating against the ratification formatory ~n the Belvoir tract, near Mount Vernon, Va., which of the treaty of arbitration between the United States and was referred to the Committee on the District of Columbia. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE . 11801

Mr. SMITH of South Carolina presented telegrams, in the The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, nature of memorials, from sundry citizens, business firms, and ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third corporations of Georgetown, Charleston, Camden, and Columbia, time, and passed. all in the State of South Carolina, remonstrating against the BENJAMIN S. HANCHETT. ratification of the proposed reciprocity treaty with Canada, Mr. SMOOT. From the Committee on Claims I report back which were referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. favorably, without amendment, the bill (S. 8021) providing Mr. GAMBLE presented a petition of Robert Anderson Post, for refund of expenses incurred in attending the meetings of No. 19, Grand Army of the Repubiic, Department of South the Assay Commission, held at _Philadelphia in 1905, to Ben­ Dakota, of Aberdeen, S. Dak., praying for the passage of the so­ jamin S. Hanchett, Grand Rapids, Mich., and I submit a report called old-age pension bill, which was referred to the Committee (No. 1041) thereon. on Pensions. .1\Ir. KEAN. . That is a very short bill and it might just as Mr. BRANDEGEE presented a petition of the Trades Council well be passed now. I ask unanimous consent that it be put of New Haven, Conn., praying for the repeal of the present upon its passage. oleomargarine law, which was referred to the Committee on The Secretary read the bill an.d, there being no objection, Agriculture and Fore try. the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to its He also presented a petition of Ben Miller Council, Junior consideration. It proposes to pay to Benjamin S. Hanchett, of Order of United American Mechanics, of Danbury, Conn., pray­ Grand Rapids, Mich., out of any money in the Treasury not ing for the enactment of legislation to further restrict immigra­ otherwise appropriated, $77.68, to reimburse him for money tion, which was referred to the Committee on Immigration. expended for necessary expenses while attending the meetings REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. of the Assay Commission in March, 1905, held at Philadel­ phia, Pa. Mr. McCUl\IBER, from the Committee on Pensions, to which The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, was referred the bill (H. R. 308 6) granting pensions and ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, increase of pensions to certain soldiers and sailors of the Civil and passed. War and certain widows and dependent relatives of such soliders AIDS TO NAVIGATION IN ALASKA. and sailors, reported it with amendments and submitted a Mr. PILES. From the Committee on Commerce I report back report (No. 1042) thereon. favorably without amendment the bill ( S. 9721) to authorize Mr. PERKINS, from the Committee on Commerce, to which additional aids to navigation in the Lighthouse Establishment, were referred the following bills, reported them severally with­ and for other purposes, and I submit a report (No. 1039) out amendment and submitted reports thereon : thereon. I ask for its present consideration. A bill (S. 10025) for a fog signal and keeper's quarters at the 'l'he Secretary read the bill, and, there being no objection, Trinidad Headlight Station, Cal. (Rept. No. 1043) ; .the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded' to its c.on­ A bill ( S. 1002-3) for establishing a light and fog-signal station sideration. It proposes to appropriate for establishing a light on Richardsons Rock, in the Santa Barbara Islands, Cal. (Rept. and fog-signal station at or near Cape Spencer, Alaska, $80,000 ; No. 1044); ·for establishing a light and fog-signal station at Resurrection . A bill (S. 10022) for establishing aids to navigation on the Bay entrance, Alaska, $100,000; for establishing a . light and Yukon River, Alaska (Rept. No. 1045); fog-signal station on Cape St. Elias, Alaska, $100,000; for A bill (S. 10284) to authorize the Secretary of Commerce and establishing aids to navigation on the Yukon River, Alaska, Labor to transfer the lighthouse tender Wista1·ia to the Secre­ $11,400; and for rebuilding and improving the present light and tary of the Treasury (Rept. No. 1046) ; fog signal at Lincoln Rock, Alaska, or for building another light A bill ( S. 10008) for a flashing light to replace the fixed light and fog-signal station upon a different site near by, $25,000. now at the Point Fermin Light Station, Cal. (Rept. No. 1047) ; The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, A bill ( S. 10017) for a flashing light, a fog signal, and a ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, keeper's dwelling at the Santa Barbara Light Station, Cal. and passed. · (Rept. No. 1048) ; A bill ( S. 10010) for the substitution of a first-class fog signal CHOCTAWHATCHEE RIVER (ALA.) DAM. to replace the present Daboll trumpet at the Fort Point Light Mr. BANKHEAD. From the Committee on Commerce I Station, Cal. (Rept. No. 1049) ; and report back favorably with an amendment to the title the bill A bill (S.10012) for the establishment of acetylene-gas beacon (S. 10324) extending the provisions of the act approved March lights, lighted buoys, and fog signals at or near Point Herron, 10, 1008, and I submit a report (No. 1040) thereon. I ask Point Glover, Apple Cove Point, Bush Point, Point Partridge, unauimous consent for its present consideration. and the improvement of the lights and fog signals at Marrow­ The Secretary read the bill, and, there being no objection, stone Point and Slip Point, Puget Sound, Wash. (Rept. No. the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to its con­ 1050). sideration. l\fr. PILES, from the Committee on Commerce, to which was The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment,' referred the bill (S. 10404 ) to authorize the Secretary of War ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, to grant a right of way through lands of the United States to and passed. . the Buckhannon & Northern Railroad Co., reported it with The title was amended so as to read: "A bill extending the amendments and submitted a report (No. 1051) thereon. provisions of the act approved March 10, 1908, entitled 'An act Mr. BANKHEAD, from the Committee on Post Offices and to authorize A. J. Smith and his associates to erect a dam Post Roads, to which was referred the bill ( S. 6754) for the across the Choctawhatchee River, in Dale County, Ala.'" relief of the Alabama. Great Southern Railroad Co., reported it ST. JOSEPH BAY HARBOR. without amendment and submitted a report (No. 1053) thereon. .1\fr. STONE. I am directed by the Committee on Commerce, Mr. MARTIN, from the Committee on Commerce, to which to which was referred the bill (H. R. 20366) to transfer St. was referred the bill (S. 10586) to authorize the Chicago Great Joseph Bay, of the Pensacola collection district, in the State of Western Railroad Co., a corporation, to construct a bridge Florida, to the Apalachicola collection district, to report it across the Mississippi River at St. Paul, l\finn., reported it with favorably without amendment, and to submit a report (No. an amendment and submitted a report (No. 1052) thereon. 1037) thereon. I ask unanimous consent for its present con­ Mr. BRADLEY, from the Committee on Claims, to which was sideration. referred the bill (S. 730) for the relief of the several States There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the under the act of July 8, 1898, and acts amendatory thereto, re­ Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. · ported it with an amendment and submitted a report (No. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, 1054) thereon. ordered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. He also, from the same committee, to which was refel'red the bill ( S. 9954) for the relief of Lincoln C. Andrews, re­ LAWS AND CODES OF PORTO RICO. ported it without .amendment and submitted a report (N"o. .1\lr. S:\IOOT, from the Committee on Printing, to which was 1055) thereon. - referred Senate resolution 320, submitted by Mr. DEPEW on the ST. JOSEPH RIVER (MICH.) DAM. 13th ultimo, reported it without amendmE@t. and it was con­ Mr. SMITH of Michigan. From the Committee on Commerce sidered by unanimous consent and agreed to, as follows ( S. Doc. I report back favorably, without amendment, the bill (S. 10288) No. 813) : . granting to Herman L. Hartenstein a right to construct a dam Resolved, That the compilation of the Laws and Codes of Porto across the St. Joseph River near Mottville, St. Joseph County, Rico, with indices, be printed as a public document. Mich., and I submit a report (No. 1038) thereon. I ask unani­ PAPER ON IMMIGRATION. mous consent for the present consideration of the bill. Mr. SMOOT. From the Committee on Printing I report back The Secretary read the bill and, there being no .objection, it favorably a paper on the subject of immigration, which was was considered as in Committee of the Whole. presented to the Senate on the 24th ultimo by the Senator from 11802 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 2,

North Carolina [l\Ir. OVERMAN]. I move that the paper ·be States, for the protection of the· watersheds of navigable printed as a public document ( S. Doc. No. 804). str.ea.ms, and to appoint a commission for the acquisition of The motion was agreed to. lands for the purpose of conserving the navigability of navi­ gable rivers, which was ordered to lie on the table and to be HEARINGS BEFORE COMMITTEE ON FINANCE. printed. Mr. KEAN, from the Committee to Audit and Control the AMENDMENTS TO APPROPRIATION BILLS. Contingent Expenses of the Senate, to which was referred Mr. GALLINGER submitted an amendment authorizing the Senate re~lution 333, submitted by Mr. BURROWS on the 1st Commissioners of the District of Columbia to make a new high­ instant, reported it without amendment, and it was considered way plan for that portion of the District of Columbia in the by unanimous consent and agreed to, as follows : vicinity of and along the Piney Branch parkway, etc., intended Resolved That the Committee on Finance, or a subcommittee thereof, be and the same is hereby, authorized to employ a stenographer from to be proposed by him to the District of Columbia appropria­ tilhe to time as may be necessary to report such hearings as may be had tion bill, which was referred to the Committee on Appropriations on bills and matters pending before said committee, and have the same and ordered to be printed. printed for the use of said committee, and that such stenographer be paid out of the contingent fund of the Senate. l\fr. DICK submitted an amendment authorizing the Secretary BILLS INTRODUCED. of War to prepare a list of the officers of the Army with Civil War records who have been retired on account of wounds, age, Bills were intFoduced, read the the first time, and, by unani­ disability, or after 30 years' service, etc., intended to be pro­ mous consent, the second time, and referred as follows: posed by him to the Army appropriation bill, which was re­ By Mr. GALLINGER: ferred to the Committee on Military Affairs and ordered to be - A bill ( S. 10611) to provide for the appointment and com- printed. pensation of professors and instructors at the Naval Academy; 1\lr. l\fcCUl\IBER submitted an amendment proposing to ap­ to the Committee on Naval Affairs. propriate $150,000 for filling in camp site at Queen Emma Point By Mr. LODGE: for camping purposes, and filling in ponds at Fort De Russy for A bill (S. 10612) to amend the act to amend and consolidate garrison purposes, Honolulu, Hawaii, etc., intended to be pro· the acts respecting copyright; to the Committee on Patents. posed by him to the sundry civil appropriation bill, which was By Ur. BEVERIDGE: ordered to be printed, and, with the accompanying paper, re- A bill (S. 10613) for the relief of Nimrod Headington (with ·ferred to the Committee on l\Iilitary Affairs. ' accompanying paper) ; to the Committee on Claims. l\Ir. OWEN submitted an amendment intended to be proposed By Mr. BROWN: by him to the bill ( S. 6049) establishing a department of A bill (S. 10614) for the relief of William F. Norris; to the health and for other purposes, which was referred to the Com· Committee on Claims. mittee' on Public Health and National Quarantine and ordered By Mr. FRYE: . . . . to be printed. A bill (S. 10615) granting an mcrease of pension to BenJamm F. B. Holmes (with accompanying papers); and MILK INSPECTION IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. .A. bill ( S. 10616) granting a pension to C~therine N .. B?othby :Mr GALLINGER. I present the report of a special com­ (with accompanying papers) ; to the Committee on Pens10ns. mitte~ appointed by the Chamber of Commerce of the Dish·ict By Mr.- THORNTON: . of Columbia to in\estigate the milk situation in the District. I A }Jill ( S. 10617) for the relief of heirs or estate of Fr::mc1s move that the report be referred to the Committee on Printing Jean, deceased (with accompanying paper) ; . for action. A bill ( S. 10618) for the relief of heirs ?r estate of Silas The motion was agreed to. Talbert, deceased (with accompanying paper) ; PENSIONS TO SURVIVORS OF THE CIVIL AND MEXICAN W:A.RS. A bill ( S. 10619 )" for the relief of heirs or estate of Owen Mr. McCU:MBER. On the 31st ultimo I introduced the bill Conlan, deceased (with accompanying paper); and . ( S. 10582) to amend an act entitled "An act granting pe1:1 ·ions A bill ( S. 10620) for the relief of Eleanore Neven (with to certain enlisted men, soldiers and officers, who served lil the accompanying paper); to the Committee on Claims. Civil War and the War with l\fexico, which was read twice by By Mr. DICK: its title and referred to the Committee on Pensions. Upon look­ A bill ( S. 10621) to purchase the McLean property and. other ino- at the bill I find there are several mistakes in the print, property at Appomattox, in the State of Virginia; to the Com­ and I ask that. a reprint of· the bill, with corrections, be made. mittee on l\Iilitary Affairs. The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the bill will be By Mr. TERRELL: A bill ( S. 10622) for the relief of the Catholic Church at reprinted. . Dalton, Ga. ; to the Committee on Claims. NORTH ATLANTIC COAST FISH.E.RIES ARBITRATION. By Mr. BACON: The VICEJ PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the following A bill ( S. 10623) to amend section 11, act of May 28, 1896 ; message from the President of the United States ( S. Doc. No. to the Committee on the Judiciary. 806), which was read and, wi~ the acc?mpanying paper , re­ By Ur. CARTER: . ferred to the Committee on Forei,gn Relations and ordered to be A bill ( S. 10624) to authorize the Secretary of the Interior printed. to settle controversies arising under contracts for the per­ To the Senate and the House of Rep1·esentatii;cs : formance of wo11k under the reclamation act; to the Committee I transmit a communication from the Secretary of State, sub­ on Irrigation and Reclamation of Arid· Lands. mitting a report made by Chandler P. Anderson, Esq., the By l\lr. HAI!..E: agent of the United' States in the North Atlantic coast fisheries A bill ( S. 10625) granting an increase of pension to Thomas arbitration bef.ore the permanent comt at The Hague, and invite D. Pulsifer; to the Committee on· Pensions. the attention. of Congress to the request made by the Secretary By Mr. OWEN: of State that Congress may authorize the printing of the report A bill ( S. 10626) granting a pension to Edward S. Lane; to and appendices at the cost of the appropriation for printing and the Committee on Pensions. binding for Congress. A bill ( s. 10627) for the relief of the estate of Aile~ J. · WM. H. 'l'.AJ."T. Mann, decea eel (with accompanying paper); to the CoIIlIDlttee THE WHITE HOUSE, on Claims. Washington, February 2~ 1911. By Mr. SMITH of Michigan : Mr. ROOT. Mr. President, I wish. to introduce a joint resolu­ A bill ( S. 10628) to pay the claim of the late Harrison, S. tion in reference to the printing of the message which has just Weeks ; to the Committee on Claims. been read and referred, and I ask that the joint re olution be read By Mr. BEVERIDGE: . . . twice by its title and referred to the Committe on Printin1=: . A bill (S. 10620) granting an lllcrease of pension to Jenirna The joint resolution ( S .. J. Res. 139) authorizing the prhting Williams; to the Committee on Pensions. of the message- of the President, together with the report of the By Mr. BRANDEGEE: agent of the United States in the North Atlantic coast fisheries A bill ( S. 10630) granting an increase of pension to William arbitration at The Hague, was read the first time by its title F. Jones; to the Committee on P ensions. and the second time at length, as follows : By Mr. WETMORE: . . . Res.oZved, etc., That the President's message of February 1, 1911, A bill ( S. 10631) granting an mcrease of pension to Lucretia together with the report of the agent of the United States in the No rth A. Low (with accompanying papers); to the Committee on Atlantic coast fisheries arbitration at The Hague, transmitted there­ P ensions. · with and the appendices to the report, be printed as a public l.!ocu­ ment together with an additional 500 copies for the Departme:it of AMEND~IENT TO NAVIGATION BILL. Stat~. the cost thereof to be defrayed out of the appropriation for Mr. STONE submitted an amendment intended to be pro­ printing and binding for. Congress. posed by him to the bil1 (H. R. 11798) to enabl~ any State to The VICE PRESIDENT. The joint resolution will be re­ cooperate with any other State or States or with the United ferred to the Committee on Printing. 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 11803

RIVER AND HARBOR .APPROPRIATION m:LL. passed by the council of the said Muskogee (Creek) Nation in annual session assembled November 5, 1908, and approved by the chief of said The VICE PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the action of nation on said date, and the Attorney General shall appear and defend the House of Representatives, disagreeing to the amendments said action, and in rendering judgment in said cause the court shall fix the compensation to be paid to the attorneys named in said resolution of the Senate to the bill (H. R. 28632) making appropriations of said Creek council upon a quantum meruit for all services rendered for the construction, repair, and preservation of certain public in behalf of said Indians in this matter, said compensation to be based works on rivers and harbors, and for other purposes, and re­ upon a per cent of said judgment, less the money now in the Treasury to the credit of said nation, not to exceed the per cent named in said questing a conferenee with the Senate on the disagreeing votes resolution, and to be distributed in accordance with agreements among of the two Houses thereon. themselves, and the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby directed to pay l\Ir. FRYE. I move that the Senate insist on its amendments said compensation to said attorneys out of any funds of the Muskogee (Creek) Nation now in the Treasury, and all the funds of said nation disagreed to by the House of Representatives, and agree to the now in the '.rreasury not otherwise appropriated by the council and conference asked for by the House, the conferees on the part of approved by the President of the United States, excepting $50 000 the Senate to be appointed by the Chair. shall be utilized and applied upon any judgment that may be rendered The motion was agreed to, and the Vice President appointed under this act. Mr. NELSON, l\fr. SMITH of Michigan, and Mr. MARTIN conferees The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the present on the part of the Senate. consideration of the bill? SENATOR FROM ILLINOIS. l\Ir. OWEN. I wish to offer un amendment to the bill by agreement with the Senator from Kansas [l\fr. Ou&TIS]. ' 1\lr. BURTON. I desire to give notice that on Monday next, The VICFJ PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the present immediately following the address by the Senator from Massa­ consideration of the bill? chusetts [Mr. LODGE], already announced, I !,'hall seek to ad­ l\Ir. HALE. Mr. President, let the amendment first be read. dress the Senate on the Illinois senatorial case. The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is, Shall the bill now CHAPEL ON MILITARY RESERVATION, YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK. be considered by unanimous consent? l\Ir. WARREN. I ask unanimous consent for the present Mr. OWEN. I wish to say, l\Ir. President, that on yesterday considera tion of the bill ( S. 9902) for the construction of a the Sena tor from Kansas desired the bill to go ffvsi· because of chapel in or near the military reserration within Yellowstone an amendment which he wished to offer. We have agreed upon National Yark. the amendment, which I now submit. The VICE PRESIDENT. Is there objection to the request The VICE PRESIDENT. TM Senator from Maine [Mr. · of the Senator from Wyoming? HALE], reserving the right to object, desires that the amend­ Mr. KEAN. Let the bill be read, Mr. President. ment be read. The Secretary will read the proposed amend­ The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will read the bill. ment. The Secretary read the bill, as follows : The SECRETARY. It is proposed to add at the end of the bill Be it enacted, etc., That the Secretary of War be, and he is hereby, the following proviso : authorized to cause a suitable chapel to be erected in or near the mili­ Pro,,;ided, That the equallzatlon certificates heretofore issued to citi­ , tary reservation within Yellowstone National Park, at a cost for build­ zens of the Creek Nation shall be nontransferable and shall not be ing and furnishing not to exceed $25,000, which is hereby appropriated pledged as collateral security by such citizens. out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated. By unanimous consent, the Senate, as in Committee of the Mr. HALE. Mr. President, listening to the reading of the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. bill it appeared pretty plainly to me that it is a bill for the The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­ purpose mainly of caring for and paying attorneys' fees. The dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, language of the bill, the general provisions, as Senators will and passed. obsene if they have listened to it, all are directed to that end. ENLARGED HOMESTEAD ENTRY IN NEV ADA. • I did not discover in listening to the reading of the bill any provision anywhere that showed any solicitude for the rights of Mr. NIXON. I ask unanimous consent for the present con­ any Indians, but I did discover, and would have been blind if I sideration of the bill ( S. 10313) to provide for an enlarged had not discovered, that pretty much the entire phraseology of homestead entry in Nevada where sufficient water suitable the bill is de"Voted to provisions relating to the payment of at­ for domestic pmposes is not obtainable upon the land. It is a torneys' fees and to authority being given to pay out of the bill which relates entirely to the State of Nevada. funds, in accordance with agreements made, attorneys' fees. I There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of do not know what sums or how large, but evidently setting the Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. It provides that them up with rights which they have not to-day, but will have whenever the Secretary of the Interior shall find that any under this bill. tracts of land in the State of Nevada subject to entry under Mr. President, I feel a kind of infirmity in dealing with sub· the act " to provide for an enlarged homestead," approYed jects of this kind, because they are out of the range of the in· February 19, 1909, do not have upon them such a sufficient vestigation of :my committee of which I am a member, and 1 supply of water suitable for domestic purposes as would make do not feel that by giving this warning and calling the atten· continuous residence upon the lands possible, he may, fa his tion of Senators to what I think is the danger of passing such ·discretion, designate such tracts of land, not to exceed in the a bill I can speak with the authority of Senators who are on aggregate 2,000,000 acres, and thereafter they shall be subject committees which have considered these matters and who ought to entry under this act without the necessity of residence, but to present them. in such event the entryman on any such entry shall in good faith cultivate not less than one-eighth of the entire area of I should be glad to have the Senator who is so desirous o1 the entry during the second year, one-fourth during the third passing this bill state to the Senate just what is the entir~ year, and one-half during the fourth and fifth years after the scope of this matter, and how far it goes in validating attorneys' date of the entry, and after entry and until final proof the fees on these great claims. entryman shall reside within such distance of the land as will l\Ir. OWEN. Mr. President, this bill speaks for itself. It haa enable him successfully to farm it. been on the calendar since .;rune last. The urgency with which The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­ I have pressed it is obvious, since it has remained on the cal· dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, endar for nearly a year. The merit of the matter is this: The and passed. United States issued certificates of equalization, so called, for EQUALIZATION OF CREEK ALLOTMENTS. $1,040 to each of the regular citizens of the Creek Nation on Mr. OWEN. Mr. President, I should like at this tim·e to call the roll established under the agreement of 1902. Thereafter up calendar No. 570, being the bill (S. 7364) providing for the the United States put upon the roll several thousand new-born equalization of Creek allotments, which went over yesterday. children, so called, who were born after the roll of 1902 and The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will read the bill previous to l\Iarch 4, 1906, thereby utilizing a portion of the for information, subject to objection. undistributed domain and leaving a sum insufficient to pay in The Secretary read the bill, as follows: full each one of the citizens who had received a certificate of Be it enacted, etc., That to carry into effect the agreement between allotment of $1,040. They refused to receive a lesser sum than the United States and the Muskogee (Creek) Nation of Indians ratified $1,040, although Congress passed an act appropriating it. They by act of Congress approved March 1, 1901 (31 Stats., p. 861), and asked to be allowed to go into the Court of Claims to determine subsequent agreements and la..vs, jurisdiction be, and is hereby, con­ ferred upon the Comt of Claims, with right of appeal as in other cases, whether they should be paid the amount of this certificate given to hear, determine, and render final judgment in the matter of the to each one of these citizens. claim of such citizens of said Muskogee (Creek) Nation who have re­ The Committee on Indian Affairs considered it. The Interior ceived allotments of less than tlle standard value of $1,040 for a sum of money sufficient to equalize the allotments of each, who -shall be Department considered it. The Committee on Indian Affairs found to be so entitled, up to the standard amount of $1,040l and that made a report favorable to their contention, that they should be the action herein autborll:ed shall be brou~ht in the name or the Mus­ kogee (Creek) Nation against the United States by petition to be filed permitted to be heard in the Court of Claims, and in connection within 90 days after the passage of this act, which petition shall be therewith provided that the court, on tlie basis of quantum verified by the attorney or firm of attorneys first named in a resolution _meruit, should P1:0vide for the coII1pensation of their attorneys. 1804 CONGRESSIONAL REC.ORD-SENATE. FEBRU.AR~ 2,

I think it nothing extraordinary, nothing unreasona,ble, that children. This increase of enrollment took so much land that it the court should, on a basis of quantum meruit, fix the compen­ was impossible for each Indian to receive land of the value sation of the attorneys. That is the bill. It speaks for itself. fixed in the agreement. The Senator from Kansas [Mr. CURTIS] yesterday suggested he These additional allotments were made at the request of the would like to have it go over because he had heard some persons tribe and to the children t>f members of the tribe. Now, the had been buying some of the certificates of equalization. I Creeks come before the committee and ask that Congress make agreed with him that that should not be permitted, and pro­ up the difference between what they really received and what posed this amendment to the bill, providing that such transfers was agreed to be given them under the agreement as evidenced should be void. That is all there is in the bill. by the c~rtificates issued to them by the officers of the Gov­ Mr. HALE. .1\fr. President, it is an every-day thing with the ernment. Senate to refer contested claims to the Court of Claims, and As I said to the Senate a few moments ago, I opposed this ordinarily citizens, corporations, everybody under this authority, proposition before the committee, as did the Senator from go to the Court of Claims and employ counsel. Congress does Montana [l\Ir. DrxoN] and the Senator from Vermont [Mr. not interpolate in every bill of that kind a ~rovision that the PAGE], and I do not think it should become a law. But I made coui-t shall take into account the services of the attorneys. up my mind that, after I had so contested it before the com­ Parties are left to the common fortune of lawsuits. mittee, if a majority of the committee was going to report that Mr. OWEN. These people are wards, according to the con­ kind of a measure I did riot feel like making any further sug­ tention of the Government, and the Government must act for gestions in regard to it. I think some members did not oppose them or not at all. the measure because officers of the Government had issued the Mr. HAL]). I am talking about these Indian claims. Their certificates. If it is desired that I prepare an amendment and reference to the Court of Claims is somehow connected witli the matter can go over until I may have the time to examine the provision that the attorneys shall be paid. the provision and draw an amendment, I shall gladly do so. 1\Ir. OWEN. The attorneys can not be paid without the con­ Mr. OWEN. I should be quite willing to have that done. sent of the United States. Mr. HALE. That is entirely fair. 1\Ir. HA.LE. . One would. suppose that the claims of parties, Mr. OWEN. Before concluding the matter, however-- whether they applied as citizens, Indians, or whoever they may Mr. HEYBURN. Before it goes O"rnr I desire to say that dur­ be, that are sent to the Court of Claims, would take their ing the recess, since the last session of Congress, I have been chances there without the Government interposing and provid­ waited upon by bands of Indians, who requested me to look into ing for attorneys. But it is undoubtedly the fact, as suggested and guard their rights in reference to the question of attorneys' by the inquiry of the Senator from Indiana, that whatever this fees. I have had within a week a letter from a chief remind­ fund is and whatever 's its outcome, by the judgment of the ing me of my promise to be vigilant in their interest in this · Court of Claims, it is by the action of Congress tied up for the question of attorneys' fees. I have in my desk also another let­ benefit of the attorney. I do not find anywhere any provision ter in to-day's mail. I do not· know and neither do tltey under­ that in any way limits the amount that shall be paid to the stand why, in dealing with their guardians, they should have attorneys. But it is a curious thing that not one of these attorneys forced upon them to receive fees in such large sums. Indian claims coming out of the Indian tribes' ftmd-- It is.getting to be a sore question with them. I think I have Mr. OWEN. It is obvious, if the Senator from l\Iaine will asked perhaps a dozen times that this bill go over, when it has permit me, that he has not read the bill. been reached on the calendar, and my reason has been that I Mr. HALE. I just heard it read. desired that when this question did come up some attention .Mr.· OWEN. Then the Senator did not hear it accurately, should be given to this question of attorneys' fees in Indian because it does prescribe and limit it. It is based upon the cases. quantum meruit and the agreement theretofore made between If the Government can compel these .poor, helpless people to the parties and by their counsel. expend hundreds of thousands of dollars in order that they Mr. HALE. The Senator has a different understanding of the may have the rights that the Government should give them, if reach and scope of the English language if he thinks that is a they are entitled to them without any~ attorneys to represent limitation. That is precisely not a limitation. It leaves the them, the Go\ernment should furnish these wards with their whole thing open. There is no limitation. It does not say attorneys and not compel them to divide what the Government that it shall not be more than 10 per cent or 20 per cent or 30 is found by its own courts to owe them with a lot of attorneys. per cent, but leaves it just as vague as vague language can We have divided hundreds of thousands of dollars here in the leave it. And I for one- last few years, and there has been some scandal about it, with 1\fr. OWEN. I have no objection whatever to having the attorneys who have ·interposed themsel\es between the father Senator put in any limitation he sees fit. and the child in order that the father might do justice to the Mr. HALE. I am not competent to make a suggestion. I child. I hope the bill will go over unless we are going to give it am sorry the Senator from Kansas is not here. that consideration which will put a stop to this kind of jobs. Mr. OWEN. The Senator from Kansas is here. 1\ir. OWEN obtained the floor. Mr. HALE. I wish the Senator from Kansas, who does give 1\!r. DIXON. :Mr. President-- _ careful study to such matters, as does the Senator from Okla­ The VICE PRESIDE1'1T. Does the Senator from Oklahoma homa, would, in the interest of limitation here, suggest some yield to the Senator from 1\fontana? limitation in this matter with reference to attorneys' fees. Mr. OWEN. In just a moment I will yield. I want to l\fr. CURTIS. Mr. President, the Senator from Montana dispose of this matter. I desire to call the attention of the [1\fr. DrxoN] and I opposed this measure in the committee, and Senate to the report of the Secretary of the Interior in regard after considerable contest in the committee a majority de­ to it. The Secretary's letter, written to the Hon. 1\fosEs E. t ermined to make a favorable report. At that time, having CLAPP, chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs, under opposed it in the committee, I concluded that I would take-no date of April 20, 1910, says : pa rt in preparing the report or the bill for the Senate. Yester­ Inasmuch as the original contract of the Creek Nation with the at­ day when the measure was called up I asked to have it go torneys, referred to in the resolution of the Creek council of November 5, 1908, provided for a contingent fee dependent upon their success in over, hoping to gather certain information which had been prosecuting the claim of the Creek Nation, I am also of opinion t hat the brought to my attention, and after the bill was passed over I provisions in this bill authorizing the court to fix the compensation of culled the attention of the Senator from Oklahqma to the point said attorneys upon a quantum meruit for all services r ender ed the Indians in the matter should be clea rly to the effect that they are to which had been raised, and he agreed to draw an amendment, receive nothing except in the event of their success. which I suppose has been prepared, covering that point. Not being f amiliar with the provision in regard to attorneys' fees, I do not care to discuss the qu~stion of attorneys with the Sen­ I do not desire to draw an amendment in reference to them. ator from Idaho, and will not take the time of the Senate to do it. 1\ly own judgment _is that this bill should not pass. The It is well known, however, that the Indian people are not repre­ Government of the United States undertook to divide the lands sented by the Interior Department in such a way as to press belonging to the Creek Indians equally among them at their the claims which they have. On the contrary, the Indian Office request, giving to each Indian placed on the rolls his propor-· represents the United States first and the Indians second, and tionate share of the tribal real estate. therefore the Interior Department has allowed the claims of Without any direction whatever from Congress, the allotting Indians to linger and to pass along, and finally to be eliminated agents issued a certificate to each Indian showing the amount by the process of time. That is the reason why the attorney-s of property that that Indian would be entitled to. Under the have been representing them in various cases. agreement with the Creek Indians each person on the roll was I do not care to discuss the matter further, and ugree to let to receive lands or money up to the standard, which was fixed the bill go over. at $1,040. Afterwards Congress amended the law, at the re­ :Mr. DIXON. Mr. President, while this matter is now· before quest of the Indians, and added to the rolls certain new-born the Senate I want to say that I did not know,_ until the Senator 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- -SENATE. tl80S from l\Iaine called attention to the fact, that the bill in this Mr. OWEN. I do. shape was on the calendar. I remember distinctly when the Mr. CURTIS. The Senator is advised, is he not, that the Committee on Indian Affairs discussed it for two or three days Creek Indians have counsel paid out of their tribal funds, and and that three or four members of the committee were decidedly have had all these years, to look after their interests? in opposition to the whole measure. If it was referred to the Ur. OWEN. The people who hold these certificates do not re­ Court of Claims to make findings, it was done at some meeting gard the ordinary attorneys charged with looking after their of the committee when I was not present. general affairs as their particular counsel, as I understand it. . I think the Senate ought to know that in this case, instead l\fr. CURTIS. Mr. President-- · of being entitled "A bill providing for the equalization of Creek The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Oklahoma allotments," the bill ought to be entitled "A bill to appropriate yield further to the Sena tor from Kansas? nearly $4,000,000 out of the Federal Treasury for payment to :Mr. OWEN. I do. the Creek Indians," where the Government has merely acted l\fr. CURTIS. Did not the attorneys of the Creek Tribe of as administrator for the distribution of their estates. The truth Indians appear before the committee in behalf of this propo­ was that the Creek lands were distributed and administered by sition? That is my recollection. the Government, and divided equally among all the members of 1\Ir. OWEN. They came in connection with the attorneys the Creek Tribe, numbering about 18,000. As I remember, the who were otherwise employed because they were solicited to do portion to be distributed to each individual was $1,040. After so, but they were not charged with the peculiar function of the certificates had been issued, then on the petition of the looking after this interest. It only comes down to a question Creek Nation themselves, after the rolls had been closed, Con­ whether the Congress of th~ United States will permit these gress added, at their request, the names of about 4,000 Creek people to be heard. Indian children who had been born since the old agreement was There is nothing that can be added particularly beyond the made, making the total number about 22,000. representation which I have already made, that these people Of course, when you added 4,000 additional names-their own hold these certificates from the Federal authorities in pur­ children, not outsiders-the portion to be distributed to each suance of a treaty agreement; that the certificates have not indi\idual was proportionately diminished. You could not take been paid; that Congress offered them a partial payment and a great property and divide it among 22,000 people and get the the individuals holding these pledges of the Government refused same portion that you did when you divided it among 18,000. to accept it and asked to be permitted to go into court where The original bill that these attorneys presented to the com­ the ev~dence might be presented and where the Gov~rnment mittee contemplated the appropriation of nearly $4,000,000 out could present its case, both as to the fact ' and as to the law of the Federal Treasury to make up these allotments which had before judges of their own choosing. . ' been depreciated by their act and at their own request. These judges belong to the United States. Is it possible that I understood that the bill was defeated in the committee. the Senate is unwilling to trust the interest of the United States This bill merely transfers the whole matter to the Court of before such a court, with the Indians petitioners on the other Claims. Of course a finding will be had, and one year or two side? That is not my idea of justice. · years from now we will ha \e the finding of the Court of Claims I have said all that I think it is necessary to say in the that the Government owes these Indians about $4,000,000. matter. . I do not believe in good faith-and certainly I want to deal Mr. HALE. Ur. President- - with the Indians in more than a spirit of liberality-there if; The VICE PRESIDENT. The Ohair understood the Senator any moral obligation on earth for the Government to dig down from Oklahoma to withdraw his request for unanimous consent. in its Treasury and give $4,000,000 to these additional allottees Mr. OWEN. I waive that, and ask that t_he bill may go over. where there is not a question raised, but that the Government Mr. HALE. I move that the bill be transferred to the calen­ has administered this great estate in perfect equity and fairnesi:;. dar under Rule IX. The whole question arose on account of the depreciated portion, The motion was agreed to. because we added, at their request, over 4,000 of their own PENSI?NS A.ND INCREASE OF PENSIONS. children. .... That is the situation. Mr. l\IcCUl\fBER. I ask unanimous consent for the present Mr. OWEN. Ur. President, I can not, in justice to the Creek consideration of two pension bills on the calendar. The first people, allow the statement of the Senator from Montana. to is Senate bill 10453. pass without replying briefly to it. . There be!ng no objection! the bill ( S. _10453) granting pen­ The memorial which has heretofore been submitted to the sions and mcrease of pensions to certain soldiers and sailors Senate shows the contention of these people. They were not of the Regular Army and Navy and soldiers and sailors of permitted to have any choice in determining who should be on wars other than the Civil War, and to widows and dependent these rolls. Nobody will deny that. . relatives of such soldiers and sailors, was considered as in Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President, I think I will have to question Committee of the Whole. It proposes to pension the following­ that statement. named persons at the rates stated: The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Oklahoma Henry Fleming, late of Company M, Third Regiment Ne­ yield to the Sena tor from Kansas? braska Volunteer Infantry, War with Spain, $12. Mr. OWEN. I do. Rebecca Whitthorne, widow of William J . Whitthorne late 1\Ir. CURTIS. If the Senator will allow me, the Creek In­ major, First Regiment Tennessee Volunteer Infantry War' with dians had representatives here and an agreement was prepared Spain, $25. ' in conjunction with the Government officials and the representa­ John J. Duke, late of Company H, Thirteenth Regiment Min­ tives of the Creek Indians. I understand that at all times the nesota Volunteer Infantry, War with Spain, $20. representatives of the Creek Indians, either their commission William T. Douglass, late of Ordnance Detachment, United or delegates or officers, were consulted. Surely the Senator will States Army, $20. not deny that these new-born children were added at the re­ William H. H. Watkins, late of Capt. B. Miller's Company I quest of the tribe. Second Regiment Washington Territory Volunteers, Oregoi{ 1\Ir. OWEN. Mr. President, I will answer that those who re­ and Washington Territory ·Indian War, $16. ceived the certificates were not bound by a memorial of the Andrew L. Weatherford, late of Company L, Eighteenth Regi­ council itself, the council being subject to the solicitation of ment United States Infantry, War with Spain, $24. those who had children whose names they wanted to add to the Cornelia A. Nickels, widow of John A. H. Nickels, late cap­ rolls. It comes down to a question of proof, a question of evi­ tain, United States Navy, $40. dence, and in view of the contention of the Senators that they ·John Gillespie, late of Capt. Callister's company, Smith's are not willing to have these people heard in court, it is obvious regiment, Utah Volunteers, Utah Indian War, $16. · since the department itself takes no step to protect them, ho~ Mary G. UcCarty, widow of Willard A. McCarty, late of the little use they have for an attorney. They can not even be U. S. S. Buffalo, United States Navy, War with Spain, $12 and heard in court. Urider such circumstances, why enlarge on the $2 per month additional on account of each of the minor chil­ question of the guardian allowing the court to fix the attorney's dren of said Willard A. McCarty until they reach the age of fee being a reason for defeating the bill, since the real purpose 16 years. is to prevent any hearing at all? The friendship of the Senator Irene H. Eubanks, widow of John Eubanks, late of Troop B, from Idaho [Mr. HEYBURN] and the Senator from Maine [Mr. Tenth Regiment United States Cavalry, and Hospital Corps, HALE] for the poor Indian must be appreciated by the Indian United States Army, $12 and $2 per month additional on account people. of the minor child of said John Eubanks until he reaches the · Mr. CURTIS. Mr. President-- age of 16 years. . The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Oklahoma · Allen Russell, late of Capt. Standage's cavalry company yield further to the Senator from Kansas? Nauvoo Legion, Utah Volunteers, Utah Indian War, $16. ' 1806 CONGRESSIONAL R.ECORD-. SEN.ATE~ FEBRUARY 2,

Margaret C. Dougherty, widow of John A. Dougherty, late Sarah E. Bishop, widow of Wait R. Bishop, late of Company commander, United States Navy, $40. A, Thirtieth Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, *20. ~ Theophilus R. Bewley, late of Capt. Ankeny's Company C, James W. Griffith, late of Company G, One hundred and First Regiment Oregon :Mounted Volunteers, Oregon and Wash­ fortieth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $30. ington Territory Indian War, $16. William L. Felmly, late of Company .1\f, Eighth Regiment Lyda S. Armstrong, widow of William K. Armstrong, late first Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, $30. lieutenant, Twenty-eighth Regiment United States Infantry, $25. William White, late of Company A, Second Regiment North Charles C. Hanford, late of Capt. Brady's company, First Carolina Volunteer Mounted Infantry, $24. Regiment Florida Mounted Volunteers, Seminole Indian War,$16. Benjamin 0. Spaulding, late of Company I, Tenth Regiment The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­ Perinsylvania Reserve Volunteer Infantry, $30. dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, Sebastian Glasstetter, late of Company G, Seventy-fourth and passed. Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $24. Mr McCUMBER. The next is Senate bill 10454. John W. Carr, late of Company F, Forty-fourth Regiment There being no objection, the bill ( S. 10454) granting pen­ Iowa Volunteer Infantry, $24. sions and increase of pensions · to certain soldiers and sailors John B. Worden, late of Company C, Eighth Regiment In­ of the Civil War and certain widows and dependent relatives diana Volunteer Cavalry, $24. of such soldiers and sailors was considered as in Committee of John A. Churchill, late of Company A, Thirty-fifth Regiment the Whole. It proposes to pension the following-named per­ New York Volunteer Infantry, $24. . sons at the rates stated: Derick Banta, late of Company F, Seventy-sixth Regiment Lyman Aldrich, late of Company A, Twenty-third Regiment Illinois .Volunteer Infantry, $30. Michigan Volunteer Infantry, $30. George W. Crawford, late of Company E, Twentieth Regiment William C. Black, late of Company C, Eighth Regiment Kan- Pennsylvania Volunteer Cavalry, $30. sas Volunteer Infantry, $24. ' Thomas Collins, late of Company G, Eighty-third Regiment Josiah M. Rice, late of Company I, First Regiment New York Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $30. Volunteer Engineers, $30. . Joseph Wolgamot, late of Company C, One hundred and Charles Moulton, late captain Company B, Sixth Regiment eighty-fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $24. Michigan Volunteer Heavy Artillery, $30. James E. Merrifield, late of Company G, and second principal George W. Taylor, late of Company B, Thirty-sixth Regi- musician Fifteenth Regiment West Virginia Volunteer Infantry, ment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, $40. • $30. Cyrus T Wardwell, late of Company K, Seventeenth Regi­ James B. Tubbs, late of Company G, First Regiment Michi­ ment l\Iaine Volunteer Infantry, $30. gan Volunteer Cavalry, $30. Lafayette Carmack, late of Company l'J, Thirteenth Regi­ Charles Wiswall, late of Company I, Twelfth Regiment Illi­ ment Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, $24. nois Volunteer Infanh·y, $20. William H. Black, alias William Hutchinson, late of United George Bond, late of Company K, Eighty-first Regiment Penn- States .Marine Corps, $24. • sylvania Volunteer Infantry, $30. . James H. Mills, late of Company D, Twenty-sixth Regiment Alfred Loftus, late of Company D, Sixth Regiment Minnesota Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, $30. Volunteer Infantry, $24. Thomas Anderson, late of Company E, Eleventh Regiment David A. Henderson, late of Company B, Seventh Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry, $24. Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, $30. Thomas Burt, late of Company H, Thirteenth Regiment Illi­ John Mccombs, late of Company H, Ninth Regiment Kansas nois Volunteer Cavalry, $30. Volunteer Cavalry, $30. William Dannels, late of Company K, Fortieth Regiment Iowa George W. Fine, late of Company A, One hundred and forty­ Volunteer Infantry, $24. third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $24. Perry W. Holcomb, late of Company G, Tenth Regiment Michi­ Frank Benson, late of Company G, One hundred and ninety­ gan Volunteer Cavalry, $30. first Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $24. Matthew l\I. Perry, late of Company F, Forty-fifth Regiment William H. McCune, late of Company B, Ninth Regiment West Iowa Volunteer Infantry, $24. Virginia Volunteer Infantry, $24. Enos Tyson, late of Company F, One hundred and forty-sixth William A. Thomas, late of Company E, Thirteenth Regiment Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $24. West Virginia Volunteer Infantry, $24. . Christoph Stolte, late of Company G, First Regiment Missouri William Fording, late of Company H, One hundred and Volunteer Engineers of the West, $40. twenty-eighth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, $30. Israel D. Lewis, late of Company C, Nineteenth Regiment John G. Stroyick, late of Company K, Seventy-eighth Regi­ Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $24. ment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $24. Joseph B. Williams, late of Company B, Fourth Regiment Henry Moore, late of Company B, Second Regiment New United States Veteran Volunteer Infantry, $30. Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, $24. . Edgar Williams, late of Company F, Tenth Regiment Connec- David D. Rains, late of Company A, Forty-eighth Regiment ticut Volunteer Infantry, $24. · Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $50. Lena Rodelsheimer, widow of Solomon Rodelsheimer, late John Cole, late of Company G, Fifty-first Regiment Missouri captain Company A, Twenty-seventh Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $24. Volunteer Infantry, $12. Robert J. Atwell, late of Company K, Fourth Regiment Penn- William A. Hicks, late of Company .M, Fifteenth Regiment sylvania Volunteer Cavalry, $30. . K.ansas Volunteer Cavalry, $24. l\Iartin Joy, late of Company G, One hundred and forty-ninth William B. Mead, late of Company C, Twelfth Regiment Mis­ Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry, $30. souri Volunteer Cavalry, $24. John W. Pollock, late first lieutenant Company I, .Thirty-sec­ John Griffin, late of Company G, Fil·st Regiment Pennsylvania ond Regiment United States Colored Volunteer Infantry, $30. Volunteer Cavalry, $24. - Thomas E. Nason, late of Company A, Thirtieth Regiment - Jennie F. Grosvenor, widow of Silas N. Grosvenor, late of· Maine Volunteer Infantry, $24. . Company C, Twenty-ninth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Jonah Hutzler, late of Company D, Sixth Regiment Maryland Infantry, $20. Volunteer Infantry, $24. Lucetta A. Robinson, widow of John A. Robinson, late assist­ George Sullivan, late master-at-arms U. S. S. Grampus and ant surgeon Thirty-eighth Regiment New York Volunteer In­ Great Western, United States Navy, $24. fantry, $25. · Jefferson D. Coats, late of Company C, Third Regiment North John L. Corey, late of Company A, Thirty-first . Regiment Carolina Volunteer :Mounted Infantry, $24. Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, $24. Loren Shedd, late of Company E, Twelfth Regiment Michigan Sampson G. Haws, late of Company D, Forty-eighth Regiment Volunteer Infantry, $30. Missouri Volunteer Infantry, $24. Albert L. Graves, late of Company I, Third Regiment West .Alfred Odle, late of Company K, Fourth Regiment Illinois Virginia Volunteer Cavalry, $24 . Volunteer Cavalry, and Company H, Second Regiment United William P. Snodgrass, late of Company G, Second Regiment States Veteran Volunteer Infantry, $24. . Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $30 . Charles A. Tournier, late of Company A, Third Regiment New . Lena D. Nickerson, widow of Azor H. Nickerson, late captain York Volunteer Light Artillery, $24. . .. Company I, Eighth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $30. Gilbert G. Fitch, late of Company F, Thirty-first Regiment Thomas D. Dalton, late of Companies F and A, First. Regi- Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, $24. ment Kentucky Volunteer Cavalry, $24. - Levi Chappell, late of Company I, Thirteenth Regiment Ken­ Hezekiah E. Burton, late of Company I, Thirteenth Regiment tucky Volunt~er Infantry, $24. . . .Kentucky Volunteer Cavalry, $24 . . 1911.\ __ ' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.

Timothy· F . Nell, late of Company B, Thirteenth Regiment Ulvilda E. Britton, widow of Edward Britton, late of Sixth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, $30. Independent Battery Massachusetts Volunteer Light Artillery, John T. Edwards, late of Company I, Seventh Regiment Iowa $20. Volunteer Cavalry, $24. Birney Wilkins, late of Companies I and D, First Regiment Margaret Cullen, widow of James Cullen, late of Third Inde­ Vermont Volunteer Heavy Artillery, $24. pendent Battery, Connecticut Volunteer Light Artillery, and Solomon Blackburn, late of Company F, Second Regiment Company I_,, First Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Heavy Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, $30. Artillery, $20. William H. Wallace, late of Company A, Tenth Regiment Annie Neid, former widow of Bernard Diestel, late of the Vermont Volunteer Infantry, $24. · United States Military Academy Artillery Detachment, United Albert G. Webster, late of Company· A, Second Regiment New States Army, $12. York Volunteer Infantry, $24. Elihu S. Warner, late of Company C, Fourteenth Regiment Isaac T. Hart, late first lieutenant Company D, Third Regi­ Vermont Volunteer Infantry, $30. ment Delaware Volunteer Infantry, $24. Anna Simons, widow of Thomas Simons, late of Company A, Peter Sandford, late of Company A, Eighty-ninth Regiment Twentieth Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, $20. Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $~4. · Joshua G. Richardson, late of Company D, Seventeenth Regi­ Susan E. Garland, widow of Samuel J. Garland, late of Com­ ment Maine Volunteer Infantry, $30. pany H, Tenth Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, $'.W. David S. Bender, late second lieutenant and captain Company Ira Hakes, late of Company M, Second Regiment Minnesota I, lI'orty-seventh Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and Yohrnteer Cavalry, $24. captain Company M, One hundred and sixtieth Regimeut Indiana Almer ~- Crombie, late of Company C, Eleventh ReO'iment Yolunteer Infantry, War with Spain, $40. N.ew Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, $24. Amos H. Cory, late of Company K, Twenty-first Regiment Alden S. Wood, late of Company G, Sixteenth Regiment Xew Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $30. Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, $24. John J. Van Tuyl, late first lieutenant Company G, Tenth Winiam H. H. Patch, late of Company B, Second Regiment Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry, $30. Kew Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, $30. James S. Daugherty, late of Company B, SeYenty-second Frederick Scheer, late of Company D, Forty-first Regiment Regiment. Indiana Volunteer Infantry, $24. Ohio Yolunteer Infantry, $24. Romanzo J. Ashley, late of Company A, Thirty-third Regi­ Mary Ann Duffy, widow of Joseph Duffy, late of Company K, ment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, $24. Oue hundred and fourth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infan­ Frederic C. Buten, late second lieutenant Company B, Thir­ try, $20. teenth Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, $24. J oslma S. Fisher, late of Company C, First Battalion Dela­ Philip Bixby, late of Company E, Ninety-s~ond Regiment ware Volunteer Cavalry, $24. New York Volunteer Infantry, $36. Henry A. l\farsh, late first lieutenant Company F, Third George W. Carter, late captain Company B, Fourth RegimeQt Regiment New H ampshire Volunteer Infantry, $24. Wisconsin Volunter Infantry, $40. Henry A. Addleman, late of Company I, Fifty-eighth Regi­ Mary A. Baker, widow of Peter Baker, late of Company F, ment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, ~24. Twentieth Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry, $20. William .Means, late of Company G, One hnndred and fifth John Norris, late of Company H, Eighteenth Regiment New Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $24. York Volunteer Cavalry, $30. William 1\1. Fairman, late of Company I, Sixty-second Regi­ Horace A. Massey, alias Charles D. Monroe, late of Com­ ment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $30. pany B, First Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, $24. John McCune, late of Company E, Twenty-seventh Regiment Edward F. Smith, late of Fifth Independent Battery (E), Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $24. . Massachusetts Volunter Light Artillery, $30. James G. Durham, late of Company I, Fifteenth Regimen\. Marshall Sias, second, late of Company I, First Regiment Ver­ Kansas Volunteer Cavalry, $24. mont Volunteer Cavalry, $24. Thomas Lauderback, late 9f Company H, Twelfth R egiment Dewitt C. McGill, late of Company A, Thirty-second Regiment l\fis. ouri Volunteer Cavalry, $30. New York Volunteer Infantry, and Company D, Twenty-first Asa Blanchard, late first lieutenant Company F, Thirty­ ninth Regiment l\Iissouri Volunteer Infantry, $30. Regiment New York Volunteer Carnlry, $24. Dayton P. Clark, late first lieutenant and captain Company F, Nahum B. Pinkham, late of Company H, Nineteenth negi­ ment l\Iaine Volunteer Infantry, and Company H, First Regi­ . Second Regiment Vermont Volunteer Infantry, $30. ment Maine Vorunteer Heavy Artillery, $30. John K. Law, late of Company B, Eleventh Regiment New Silas H. Drenner, late of Company D, Thirteenth Regjment Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, $30. Michael H. Higgins, alias Michael Hennessy, late of Company .Maryland Volunteer Infantry, $30. C, Twelfth Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry, $30. J ohn H. Johnson, late of Companies A and D, First Regi­ Gilman S. Danforth, late of Company I, Sixteenth Regiment ment Potomac Home Brigade l\Iaryland Volunteer Infantry, $24. $24. New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, · Sarah E . Anderson, widow of Albanis L. Anderson, late first Oscar D. Purinton, late of Company K, Sixth Regiment West lieutenant Company F, '.rhird Regiment Delaware Volunteer \irginia Volunteer Infantry, $30. I nfantry, $20. John Mantle, late of Company C, Eleventh Regiment Connecti­ James Blade, alias James Malaney, late of Battery B, First cut ·volunteer Infantry, $24. :Regiment Rhode Island Volunteer Light Artillery, $30. Sarah C. Burdick, widow of Caleb H. Burdick, late of Com­ Ephriam Hanson, late of Company B, Seventh Regiment pany K, Twenty-sixth Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Infan­ l\1aine Volunteer Infantry, $30. try, $20. Charles P. Powers, late of Company C, Twentieth Regiment Ju tus P. Luther, late of Company E, Seventh Regiment Wis­ l\Iaine Volunteer Infantry, $24. con in Volunteer Infantry, $24. Horatio Nelson, late of Company E, One hundred and sixty­ Charles H. Russell, late of Company E, First Regiment Wis- second Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry, $24. consin Volunteer Cavalry, $30. · Benoni Sweet, late sergeant major, Second Regiment Rhode John S. Haines, late of Battery C, First Regiment Maine Island Volunteer Infantry, $30. \ olunteer Light Artillery, $30. .Francis Young, late of Company K, First Regiment Vermont Thaddeus Cross, late of Company A, Tenth Regiment Maine Volunteer Cavalry, $50. Volunteer Infantry, $24. William E. Stewart, lJlte of Company H, Second Regiment William C. Maxey, late of Company E, Eightieth Regiment United States Volunteer Sharpshooters, $30. Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $24. Helen J. K. Dean, widow of William B. Dean, late second James W. Cox, late of Company E, Twenty-fifth Regiment lieutenant Company H, Twelfth Regiment New York Volunteer l\li ouri Volunteer Infantry, and Company C, First Regiment Cavalry, $20. Mi souri Volunteer Engineers, $30. Jasper England, late of Company F, Fifteenth Regiment, Samuel M. Anderson, late of Company E, Twenty-first Regi­ and Company H, Tenth Regiment, West Virginia Volunteer In­ meut, and secoud lieutenant Company K, Twentieth Regiment, fantry, $24. Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, $30. William Evans, late of Company F, Sixth Regiment Illinois Moores Freeman, late of Company B, Ninety-fourth Regiment Volunteer Cavalry, $30. Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $30. Charlotte Johnson, widow of George W. Johnson, late of Com­ James H. B. McNees, late of Company A, Eighty-fourth Regi­ panies Kand E, Ninth Regiment Maine Volunteer Infantry, $20. ment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, $30. John C. Barr, late acting ensign, United States Navy, $50. Patrick Shields, late of Company B, Thirty-fourth R egiment Robert N. Adams, late colonel Eighty-first Regiment Ohio Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, $24. Volunteer Infantry, $50. XLVI--114 ~1808' CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. FEBRUARY 2,

l\Ir. l\IcCU1\1B ER. On pnge 20, line 1,' I ·move to· strike out Caleb Reynolds, late of Company G, 'Thi.id Regiment Ken­ the word "thirty" before "do11ars," and insert in lieu thereof tucky Volunteer Canlry, $24. the TI·ord "fort y." Evidence which has since been submitted Joseph Cook, late of Company H, ·Twenty-fifth Regiment to the committee justifies the raising of the pension $10. Michigan Volunteer Infantry, $30. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. CURTIS in the chair). The Franklin Jerome, late of Company F, Ninety-third Regiment ameudment wm be stateil. New York Volunteer Infantry $24. The S ECRETARY. On page 20, line 1, before the word " dol­ William Taylor, late of Co~pany E, One hundred and fo-rty­ lars," stTike out "thirty" and insert "forty," so as to read: third ~egime~t Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $30. The name of Samuel I'll. Anderson, late of Company E, Twenty-first Dand Dickson, late of Company F, Twelfth Regiment Mis- Regirr.en t, and second lieutenant Company K, Twentieth Regiment, souri Volunteer Cavalry, $24. · Kentucky Voluntee1· Infantry, and pay him a pension at the rate of enty-seventh Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry, $20. War and certain widows and dependent relatives of' such sol­ Milton 1\1. Adamson, late of Company I, First Regiment diers and sailors. Nebraska Volunteer Cavalry, $24. There being no objection, the bill was considered_ as in Com­ Thomas J . McLaughlin, late of Company A Forty-sixth Regi- mittee of the WlJ.ole. It proposes to pension the following­ ment Ohio Volunteer Infanb.'y, $30. ' na med persons at the rates stated: Horace Perry, late first lieutenant Company I, One hundred Henry~ · Castle, late sergeant major Se>enty-third Regiment, and twenty-se>enth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $36. and captam Company A, One hundred and thirty-seventh Regi­ J ohn W. Riffe, late of Company D, First Regiment Kentucky ment, Illinois Volunteer InfantTy, UO. Francis M. Massey, late of Company E Eighty-third Regi- Volunteer Cavalry, 24. Algernon Lu e, late of Company C, Forty-sixth Regiment ment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $24. ' _ Pennsylvania, Volunteer Infantry, $24. William E. Mitchell, late of Company A, Fifty-second Regi­ Francis l\I. T hler, late of Company H, Seventy-eighth Regi­ ment Kentucky Volunteer Mounted Infantry, $30. ment Tilinois V lnnteer Infantry, $24. Robert Thomas, alias Franklin, late of Company E, Seventh James A. R utherford, la te captain Company I, One hundred Regiment West Virginia Volunteer Cavalry, $30. and fifteenth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $30. Frank Sackett, late of Company H Nineteenth Regiment New Isaac R. Jame<: on, late sergeant First Company Sharpshooters, York Volunteer Cavalry, $24. ' Twenty-seventh Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry, $50. Da>id R·ine, late of Company B, Twelfth Regiment West Vir­ Cn ~ sius W. Andrew, late of Company B, Thirteenth Regiment ginia Volunteer Infantry, $24. Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, $24. Calvin Miller, late of Company G, Sixteenth Regiment Penn­ Ezra ,V. Robinson, late first lieutenant and adjutant, Second sylvania Volunteer Ca>alry, $24. Regiment Indian Home -Guards Volunteer Infanh-y, $30. .Alfred Williams, late of Company C, Second Regiment West Obed W. Barnard, late of Company B, Twenty-fifth Regiment Virginia Veteran Volunteer Cavah·y, $30. Michigan Volunteer Infantry, $24. Edward Dill, late of Company B, Seventieth Regiment In­ Richnrd Ernns, late of . S. S. North Carolina, Sebago, and diana Volunteer Infantry, $36. Savannah, United States Navy, $30. J ennie S. McKenney, widow of James McKenney, late of Com­ John Dannerber ger, late of Company D, Thirty-third Regi- pany~· Seventieth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, $12. ment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $24. Dand H . Janes, late of Company G, Seventeenth Regiment Edward Stetson, late of Company D, First Regiment West Michigan Volunteer Infantry, $30. Virginia Volunteer Infantry, $30. George W . .Amick, late of Company H Thirty-first Regiment Samuel Magers, late of Company K, Twenty-ninth Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, $24. ' r Iowa Volunteer Infantry, $30. Jesse Gray, late of Company C, Eighth Regiment Michigan Hector C. Northington, late first lieutenant Company I, Thir- Volunteer Cavalry, $24. teenth Regimen Tennes ee Volunteer CaYalry, $30. Abel· Markwell, late of Company 11, Eighty-second Regiment Patrick Rigney, late of Company G, First Regiment New Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and Forty-third Company Sec"ond York Volunteer Light Artillery, $24. Battalion, Veteran Reserve Corps, $30. ' Aaron A. Doty, late of U. S. S. North Carolina- and Augusta, John Augsburger, late of Com puny A, Fortieth Regiment, and United States Navy, $24. Company I, Fifty-first Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantr;y, $24. Nathan Rouch, late of Company G, Sixty-seventh Regiment James H. Fontaine, late of Company B, Third Regiment, and Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $30. Company K, Sixth Regiment, Missouri State 1\Iilitia Cavalry, $24. Wellington K. E ggleston, late of Company G,_ First Regiment William F. Drew, late of Company D, First Battalion, Twelfth Iowa Volunteer Cavalry, $30. Regiment United States Infantry, $30. Per ry E. Davis, late of Company H, One hundred and eighty­ Joseph C. Tousley, late of Company .A, Second Regiment Ohio fifth Regiment New York Volunteer Infanti-y, $24. Volunteer Ca>alry, $24. · John L. Morrison, late of Company G, Fifteenth Regiment Frederick Folger, late of Company E, Fifth Regiment Ver­ Kansas Volunteer Infantry, $24. Julia M. Rhodes, widow of Hinman Rhodes, late major and mont Volunteer Infantry, $24. colonel, Twenty-eighth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, Spencer Walker, late of Company K, Fifteenth Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry, $24. $25. Francis M. Choat, late of Company A, Fifty-sixth Regiment Henry N. Bradbury, late of Company C, Twenty-third Regi­ ment l\Iaine Volunteer Infantry, $30. Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $30. Jesse Mather, late of Company F, Eleventh Regiment Wis- Nelson R. Brown, late of Companies G and B, Twelfth Regi­ ment l\Iaine Volunteer Infantry, $30. consin Volunteer Infantry, $24. Zelates Hill, late of Company D, Eighteenth Regiment Wis- Robert D. Damren, late of Company F, Twenty-fourth Regi­ ment l\lassachusetts Vo!unteer Infantry, $24. consin Volunteer Infantry, $24. Harrey R. Currier, late of Company I, One hundred a.nd Ellen Sargent, late nurse, Medical Department United States twenty-eighth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infanh-y, $24. Volunteers, $24 John Smith, late of Company C, Ninth Regiment Iowa Volun- Lawrence Payne, jr., late of Company K, Fifty-fifth Ilegiment teer Infantry, $24. Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, $30. John Rose, late of Company G, First Regiment Wisconsin Thomas Gunning, . late of Company A, Twentieth Regiment Volunteer Infantry, $30. Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $30. Catharine M. Cunningham, widow of Peter J. Cunningham, Hudson Sherwood, late of Company G, Sixteenth Ilegiment late of Company .A, Ninety-eighth Regiment Pennsylvania Vol­ Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, $24. unteer Infantry, $12. Melville J. Lane, late of Company G, One hundred and fifty­ Daniel W. Graham, late of Company D, Eleventh Regiment fifth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infanti·y, $24. j?ennsylvania Reserve Volunteer Infantry, and Company F, James Armstrong, late of Company D, Eleventh Regiment Jl'ourteenth Regiment Veteran Reserve Corps, $24. Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, $30. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. 1809

Gunner Larsan, late of Company H, One hundred and thirty­ Franklin F . Bolton, late of Company E, Twenty-sixth Regi­ eighth R egiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $24. ment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, $30. Winfield S. Webster, late of Company L, Eighth Regiment David Marquette, late of Company H, Eighty-sixth Regiment ;Michigan Volunteer Cavalry, $24. Ohio Vohmteer Infantry, $24. Enos Allman, late of Company E, Seventy-fifth Regiment In- William C. Shaffer, late of Company L, Sixteenth Regiment diana. Volunteer Infantry, $30. · Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, War with Spain, $24. Sidney J. Hazelbaker, late of Company K, Eighth Regiment Charles- L . Hoyt, late of Company G, Tenth Regiment New Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $24. Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, $24. Nannie R. Dudley, widow of William W. Dudley, late lieu­ Herman C. Eversz, late of Company H, Twentieth Regiment tenant colonel Nineteenth Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry, Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, $24. · $30. Seth W. Ewings, late of Company E, Twenty-second Regiment Stephen G. Bowles, late of Company H, Fourteenth Regiment l\Iaine Volunteer Infantry, $24. Kent ucky Volunteer Cavalry, $24. Charles G. Rising, late of Company G, Twenty-second Regi­ vVilliam Criswell, late of Company G, Eighty-sixth Regi­ ment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, $24. ment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $30. William V. Sheets, late of Thirteenth Battery Wisconsin Vol­ Walter Dickinson, late of Company K, Forty-first Regiment unteer Light Artillery, $30. Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $24. Thomas Driscoll, late of Company H, Sixty-first Regiment John 0. Sutherland, late of Company G, Third Regiment Ken­ Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, $24. tucky Volunteer Infantry, $24. l\fay C. Knight, widow of Edwin A. Knight, late hospital George W . Morgan, late of Company F, Twelfth Reii.ment steward, Fifth Regiment New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, $24. $20. Daniel E.iley, late of Company A, Fifty-second Regiment Adelbert Bywater, late of Company H, Sixth Regiment Iowa Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $30. Volunt~er Cavalry, $30. . William E. Stewart, late of Company D, Eighty-sixth Regi­ Johri l\f. Harvel, late of Company B, One hundred and seven­ ment New York Volunteer Infantry, $30. teenth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $24. George Clark, late of Company D, Twelfth Regiment Ver­ Maria Jones, widow of Seymour Jones, late of Company D, mont Volunteer Infantry; $30. Twentieth Regiment Michigan Volunteer Infantry, $20. Clark H. Butterfield, late of Company K, Thirteenth Regi­ Ira W. Dill, late of Company B, Thirty-fourth Regiment Mas- ment Vermont Volunteer Infantry, $.24. sachusetts Volunteer Illfantry, $24. · Mary Jane Norton, widow of Francis M. Norton, late of Com­ Jessie F. Loughridge, widow of James Loughridge, late first pany I, Fourteenth Regiment Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, lieutenant Company K, Thirty-third Regiment Iowa Volunteer $20. Infantry, and former widow o·f Peter K. Bonebrake, late .of Ralph Kent, jr., late of Company F, Fourteenth Regime1:1t Company I, Thirty-third Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry, $12. Connecticut Volunteer InfaI;ltry, $24. Crawford S. Barclay, late of Company D, Thirty-fifth Regi­ Sylvester 0. Lord, late of Company D, Eleventh Regtinent ment Iowa Volunteer Infantry, $30. Connecticut Volunteer Infantry, $30. Joseph F . Kassner, alias Frank Weber, late of Company B, Charles C. Lyon, late of Company E, Sixteenth Regiment Stewart's Missouri Volunteer Cavalry, and Company M Third Maine Volunteer Infantry, and Company A, Ninth Regiment Regiment Iowa Volunteer Cavalry, $24. ' Veteran Reserve Corps, $30. David Wilson, late of Company G, First Regiment Massachu­ Eli B. Clark, late of Company F, First Regiment !lfaine Vol­ setts Volunteer Cavalry, $24. unteer Infantry, and Second Battery Maine Volunteer Li$ht Leonora M . Talbot , widow of Charles H. Talbot, late first Artillery, $24. lieutenant Company E, Nineteenth Regiment Kentucky Volun­ Charles W. Taylor, late of Company H, Seventh Regiment, teer Infantry, $20. and Company D, One hundred and forty-fifth Regiment, Illi­ William H~nderson, late of Company E, Third Regiment nois Volunteer Infant ry, $24. New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, $30. Peter S. Chenoweth, late of Company A, Eighth Regiment Thomas Thessia, late of Company F, One hundred and ninety­ Iowa Volunteer Cavalry, $24. third Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry, $24. Andrew J. Snow, late of Company K, Ninety-third Regiment George F. French, late second lieutenant Company K Eighth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and Company C, Fifth Regiment Regiment Vermont Volunteer Infantry, $30. ' Veteran Reserve Corps, $30. Albert Littlefield, late of Company G, Twenty-ninth Regi­ Catharine Manion, widow of Martin Manion, late of United ment Maine Volunteer Infantry, $30. States Marine Corps, $16. Thomas Burgess, late of Companies E and H, Thirty-first ~'1.sbury B. Castle, late chaplain One hundred and fifteenth Regiment Wisconsin Volunteer I nfantry, $36. Regiment Ohio Volunteers, $30. Clarence E. Bullard, Jate of Company B, Sixth R egiment, Mary J. Oliver, widow of Alfred S. Oliver, late assistant and second lieutenant Company C, Thirty-sixth Regiment Wis­ surgeon Twentieth Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry, $12. consin Volunteer Infantry, $40. Sidney W. Park, late of Company G, Seventh Regiment Minne­ Melinda E. Chase, widow of Sherman Chase, late of Com­ sota Volunteer Infantry, $24. pany E, Eighty-fifth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer In- William Woodward, late of Company B, Tenth Regiment Ver­ fantry, $12. ' mont Volunteer Infantry, $30. Clara M. Murray, widow of J ohn H . luurray, late .captain Whipple l\f. Brayton, late first lieutenant Company D, One Company .M, Sixty-second R egiment Pennsylvania Volunteer In­ hundred and twenty-seventh Regiment Illinois Volunteer In­ fantry, $20. fantry, $30. Adams T . Murphy, late of Company G, One hundred· and John B. Lucian, late of Company C, Eleventh Regiment New forty-eighth Regiment P ennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, $24. H ampshire Volunteer Infantry, $24. Nelson Beach, late of Company B, Tenth Regiment Vermont George Kelley, late of Company F, Twenty-second Regiment Volunteer Infantry. $30. Maine Volunteer Infantry, $24. Adelbert Whitney, late of Company A, Eighty-first Regiment William F. Hanaford, late of Company F, Eighth Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry, $30. New Hampshire Volunteer Infanh·y, $30. Levi B. Wallace, late of Company A, First Regiment New Annie A. Sanborn, widow of John G. Sanborn, late of Com­ Hampshire Volunteer Heavy Artillery, $30. pany I, First Regiment New Hampshire Volunteer Cavalry, $20. John :Murdie, late of Company C, Sixth R egiment New York Walter E. Pingree, late of Company F, Eleventh Regiment Volunteer Heavy Artillery, $24. New Hampshire Volunteer Infantry, $24. Sadie 0. Purcell, widow of Thomas Purcell, late first lieuten­ Dennis Griffin, late of Company A, First Regiment New Hamp- ant Company C, Sixteenth Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantr y, shire Volunteer Heavy Artillery, $30. · $17. Nazaire Bodett, late of Company H, First Battalion, Sev­ Marcus P. Wheeler, late of Company G, Twenty-ninth Regi­ enteenth Regiment United States Infantry, $30. ment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, $30. Darwin R. Streeter, late of U. S. S. Exchange, United States Royal S. Childs, late of Company D, Thirteenth R egiment Navy, $30. Vermont Volunteer Infa11try, and Company H, l!, irst llcgiment WilJiam B. Scace, late of Company E, Ninety-sixth Regiment New York Volunteer Light Artillery, $24. ·Illinois Volunteer Infantry, $30. Henry F. Tilton, late of Co~pany K, First Regiment DiRtrict Nelson Washburn, late second lieutenant Company L, Tenth of Columbia Volunteer Cavalry, and Company .A, First Regi­ Regiment New York Volunteer Cavalry, $30. ment Maine Volunteer Cavalry, $24. Calvin Burrows, late of Fourth Independent Battery, Wiscon­ Levi T. Pond, late of Company K, Fifth Regiment New York . sin Volunteer Light Artillery, $24. Volunteer Infanh·y, $30. 11810 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 2,

Patrick Culhan, late of Company F,. Forty-sixth Regiment In­ The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read diana Volunteer Infantry, $40. the third time, and passed. l\Ialachi Cordero, late of Company C, First Regiment Cali­ LEASING OF CO.AL L.ANDS IN ALASKA. fornia Volunteer Ca\alry, $30. Martha Vangilder, former widow of Robert McCunnell, late of .Mr. NELSON. I ask unanimous consent that the bill (S. Company B, Brackett's battalion, Minnesota Volunteer Cantlry, 9955) to provide for the leasing of coal and coal lands in the $12. Territory of Alaska may be passed over for to-day without Thomas Reed, lute of Company H, Fourth Regiment Delaware losing its place on the calendar. Volunteer Infantry) $24. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it will be Mary E. Stern, widow of Charles G. Stern, late of Company so ordered. The Chair is advised that the Senate is not regu­ A, First Regiment Pennsylrnnia Reserve Volunteer Infantry, larly considering the calendar at this time, but is considering $16. certain measures, by unanimous consent, at the request of the Elizabeth V. McKeever, widow of John McKeever, late of Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. GALLINGER]. Company D, Third Battalion, Seventeenth Regiment, United Mr. NELSON. I supposed the Senate was regularly con­ States Infantry, $12. sidering the calendar, and that is why I made the request. Echrnrd Kightlinger, late of Company D, Fifteenth Regiment The PRESIDING OFFICER. Should the Senate proceed to Ohio Volunteer Infantry, $24. the consideration of the calendar regularly, the request just Alfred H. Miller, late of Company I, Seventh Regiment Ten­ made by the Senator from Minnesota will be entered. nessee Volunteer Cavalry, $30. . TITLE TO LOTS IN SQU.A.BE 103, WASHINGTON, D. C. Barney A. Cooper, late of Company B, First R2giment Minne­ sota Volunteer Cavalry, $30. Mr. GALLINGER. I ask unanimous consent for the present The bill was reported to the Senate without all'.endment, or­ consideration of the bill (S. 9125) authorizing the Secretary dered to be engrossed for a third rending, read. the third time, of War to convey the outstanding title of the United States to and passed. lots 3 and 4, square 103, in the city of Washington, D. O. The Secretary read the bill. ENGINEER DETACITMENT AT WEST POir T. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to the pres­ Mr. DU PONT. I ask unanimous consent for the present ent consideration of the bill? consideration of the bill (S. 9659) to maintain at the United Mr. KEAN. I have no objection to the present consideration States Military Academy an engineer detachment. of the bill, but I should like to have the report in that case read. -The1·e being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will read the Whole, proc.-eeded to consider the bill, which had been reported i·eport. from the Committee on Military Affairs with an amendment to The Secretary read the report (No. 996) submitted by Mr. add the following proviso : DILLINGHAM on January 21, 1911, as follows: Pro't;ideil, 'Fhat nothing herein shall be so construed as to author­ The Senate C ~mmittee on the District of Columbia, to whom was ize an increase in the total number of enlisted men of the Corps of referred the bill (S. 9125) authorizing the Secretary of War to convey Engineers now authorized by law. the outstanding title of the United States to lots 3 and 4, square 103, So as to make the bill read : in the city of Washington, D. C., having considered the same, recom­ mend that it be amended as follows, and that, when so amended, it Be it enacted etc., That hereafter there shall be maintained at the do pass. United States Military Academy an engineer detachment, which shall On page 1, in line 11, strike out the word " three " and insert in lieu consist of 1 first sergeant, 1 quartermaster sergeant, 6 sergeants, 8 cor­ thereof the word "one." . porals, . 2 cooks, 2 masicians, 40 first-class privates, and 40 second­ The committee beg to report further that the passage of this bill is class privates : Provided, 1.'hat nothing herein shall be so construed as recommended by the Attorney ~neral of the United States in a letter to anthori2ia from the assessments for benefits and covered into fore re~;g--t~ie~~~u;,1ends the passage of the· bill submitted herein. the Treasury to the credit of the revenues of the District of Columbia. The amendment was agreed to. GEO. w. WICKERSHAM, Attorney General, Chairm.m~ of the Oommissi-On to Investigate the Title of the The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the United States to Lands in the District of Columbia. amendment was concurred in. . The PBESfDENT OF THE SE~ATE. - 1911.. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. ·1s11

There :being no objection, the Senate, as m Committee ot the The .PRESIDING -OFFICER. The .Secreta;ry will :read fhe Whole, proceeded to consider the bill, which had been treported repo:rt. from the Ooonmittee on the District of -Oo1umbia with :an amend­ The Secretary read the rep0rt (No. ·997~ submitted by Ml'. ment, on page 2, line 1, to .change the da.ile "1793" to " .1791," D..ILLINGFIAM on ...TanuM·y 21,• .1911., a.s fallows.: so ·as to make ithe bill .read.: The Oommltme on rthe District of Ccxlambi:l., to whom wail referred bill (S. 8910) Be it enacted,, etc~, That the Secretary of War is hereby ·d:irected to the to receive arrearages of taxes due to the District of .grunt .to the present o.ccu_pant of original Jots 3 .and -4, -squ'are lOS, in Columbia to July 1, 1908, at 6 per celrt 'interest per annum, in lieu of the city of Washington, a quttclatm ·deed of the legal title of the penalties and .costs, .havil:tg .carefully ·considered the same, recommend United States to bill. if .ennctecl, 'Would doubtless have the same effect u that which re::.ulted from :m act passed by Congress on ·Februa-r.Y 15. 1902 The bill was ordered to ·be engrossed -for -a third reading, read (32 Stats., pt. 1, .P· .34) and several s~milar a:.cts from time to time, the thir.d time, mid 'Passed. Ullder -which -neai•ly one~alf mil-lion dotlars of arrears of taxes wera ·collected. 'OCEAN .M..AIL 'SER~CE ANB PROMOTION ·OF -001\ilIE.RCE. In a.naey instances rthe !PI9J)ert;y which the proposed legtslation is de· sig.ned. to .relieve is encumbered with ftrrears of taxes, penalties, .and Mr_ GALLINGER. .Mr. President, I withdra iV the rr.:equest -c-osts to an amount which so nearly equals its sale value that no one tor the rconsideration o.f the two other -b-ills il named, inasmuch will purchase 5.t at tux sale as a revenue-1Jrodueing 'investment 1n 'View as the Senator from Nevada [Mr. NEWLANDS] desires to ad­ of the ·doubt .as to the ability to recoup themselves for the expendlture. .Much of the property involved is not sufficiently desirable, ·OD account dress the Senate briefly .on the mrfinished business. .A'S we are rof 'locality ·and environment, to m:ike it ai:tractive as a permanent busi­ to commence voting .QD. -that bill at 2 o'clock, I rusk nn.animous ness iirrvestment ut the -prl:ce which would ihave -to be 'Paid to dear 1t consent that it may "IlOW be laid before 'the Senate. ,of the tax -obligation. The arrears .in most ill.stances originally accu­ mulated throu_gh the inability of the owners to ·raise the .money with The PRESIDING OFF.IDER. Is there ·objection to the :re­ whrch to 'Pay 'them. "It is !PI'Obable tha.t mp.ny of those owners would quest of the Senator :from New iHampshire? :make .:rn exceptional eiiort to cleaT the p-r.operty li relieved 'Of the ·bur.flan Mr. NEWLANDS. 1\fr. President, b.efore 1the question is put, of the accumulated penalties and .costs, :as (proved ta be ±he case in the prior instance above mentioned. I should like to a'Sk 1lre Senator fr.om New Hampshire whether The commissioners are officially advised that an occasfonal ·enaetment :he regands the tUnanirmms-consent ag.reement as requiring an of that nature wm:ks a •puhlic benefit by inaucin~ 11rnusmd efforts on the immediate tVote at 2 o'clock upon the mendments lto the bill part of :IDfillY delinquent .taxpayers to liquidate their -0verdue taxes, and thus brings into foe treasury a considerable 'SUID whose .payment and the bill itself, or whether •@pportunily will be ·given hr might otherwise be indefinitely delayed or evaded ·by some 'form of legal debate after 2 o'clock. [f the 1a'tter, I should prefer to -post· 11rooeedi:ng., filld a.re of ithe opinio11 'that the .enactment of the vroposed pone my memarks mrtil the bill comes up ;regularly fer ieon­ legislation :0uld not onl.Y be ·a deserv.ed lenience iin many c.4.ses, 1but matel'ially further the I>nblic interests. sideration. Very respectfully, Mr. GAiLIJI:KGE-R. il will say ite 1:Jhe Senaltlor :flrom Nevada BOA:ru.> (!)F C.0:M11ilSSIOmDBS OE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, !tll:rn.t, when I drafted the unanimous-consent agreement 11.nd sent Ily CUNO H. tR.uooLP:e;, President. it to the idesk my purpose w.as that lit shot1ld tvroviae that, Eon. J. H. GALLINGEn, Ohairnia'lL of i(Jommit'tee rou District of Oolum'bia, without debate, the Senate should ·commence v-oting ·at '.2 o~clock Un.iteiL .-state11 ·7iiona'tc.. and contiJ:rne to -vote on the amen-Oments and the bill :nnti1 ·the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to the I>~- matter -was euncluded. That was my .Personal view eOf the ent ·consideration •of the 'bill! 'Sitna!l:iion. rrt may be that the agreement ~a-s badly drawn; 1\fr. KEAN. Ur. President, 1 bairn oo ol>jection to the biD, I am nOO: sure ·as to that. but I think the title of it <-0ugbt to be amended so -as to read : 1\Ir. BACON. I think the language of the agreement-- c'A ·b'm to encourage tax 'Shirking in tlle Distr-iet ·of Columbia.=" The PRESIDIN-G OFFTCER. Does the Senatm· :from New There being no objection, the Senate, as ill Committee -of the Hampshire yield to the ·Senator irom Georgia i Wh<71e, "i>l'Oceeded t0 ·consider the bill. Mr. 'GALLINGER. -OertainJy_ The bill was reported to the Senate Without amendment, 'BT- liir. BA.DON. I think !the il:anguage ·of the -a:g,reement wo:ald dered to be engro sed for ·a th'ird reaorts and to prom()te com- 1mcrce," and u_pon the bill itself 1betore .adjournment on that d.a.Y. !lir. WARREN. 1 ask unanimous consent for the present It seems to me, l\:Ir. President, that while the .Senator tr.om consideration of the bill (H. R. 710) for the -i:>elief -0f Cornelius . New Hampshire may have 'Clrawn file agreement without that Cahl"Il, and nlso for :the bill :tollowin~ that on tlbe :calemlar. intention, of course :the Senate in making tlre unanimous~ccm­ They -are short relief bills, whicb have b.een passed .by the House. '• ent agreement· could ha.Te 'had .no anticipation 'bt1t that while Ther-e bei:Eig no objection, tbe Senate, as in Co-mm1ttee of the the Senator would desire that the amendments .should be tdi-s­ Whole, rproceed~d to consider the bill (R. R. ilO) for the relief posed of .and the bill put in shape, then it would be QJ>en of Cornelius Cahill It IJroT1des that in the admlnistr.ation ·of . o ·d bate, the only limitation being that we must \Ote ·on the the pens'ion laws Cornelius Ca.hill sha11 hereafter be held and bill to-day. I do not see .that there is any _possibility of acy ·eonsidered to have been honorably ,dis.charged from the military other construction. !Serviee of the United States ·as a corporal in ComJJruzy G, Ur: GALLINGER. I -personally sha'S­ :suits the convenience of the Senate. -sage of this act. · 1'fr. NEWLANDS. H that is the .constmction to ·be pla.eed . The bill was reported to the Senate without .amendment, or­ upon the unanimous-consent agreement by the -Senate, I shall dered to a third re~di:ng, read the third ti~, and pa-ssed. postpone my ·remarks until th-e bill is taken up a:t :2 ·o'clock. JAMES F . DE "BEA'U. fa:. GALLINGER. Very iWelL Ur. W .A.HREN. l ask unanimous consent for the present con­ ARRE.A.RAGES 'OF DISTRICT TAXES. sideration of the other bill to which I referred, being the bill Mr. GALLINGER. I now ask unanimous consent for the (II. n. 17729) for the relief of James F. De Beau. present consideration of the bill ( S. 8910) to receive arrear.ages There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the of taxes due to the District of Colmnbia to .July 1, 1908, .at 6 Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. It provides that in the per cent interest per annum in lieu of penalties and costs. administration o.f any laws conferring rights, prtvileges, or The 'PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection to the present ·benefits upon honorably discharged soldiers James F. De Beac, consideration of the bill? who was a private of Company C, Fourth Regiment New York Ur. KEAl~. Mr. President, let us 'haxe the report on that bill Heavy Artillery, shall hereafter be held and considered to have read. There ought t-0 be a good 'l'eason for .relieving landowners been discharged hono.r.ably from the military service of the here who do not pay their :taxes. United States as a member of that company and .regiment on - I

11812 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. ·FEBRUARY 2,

November 30, 1864; but, other than as above set forth, no Mr. FLINT. The bill ls under Rule IX. The Senator from bounty, pay, pension, . or other emolument shall accrue prior to Idaho had the bill placed under Rule IX. or by reason of the passage of this act. Mr. HEYBURN. I ask for the regular order, Mr. President. The bill was reported to the Senate ·without amendment, or­ The Senator spoke to me, and I ·supposed it was the child-labor dered to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. bill for the District of Columbia that he referred to. I call for MISSOURI STATE CLAIM. the regular order. .Mr. WARNER. I ask unanimous consent for the present The PRESIDING OFFICER. The regular order is called for . consideration of the bill ( S. 5981) authorizing the Secretary of Mr. KEAN. The calendar, under Rule VIII. the •rreasury to make an examination of certain claims of the Mr. HEYBURN. We are not ready to take up this bill. State of Missouri. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The· Secretary will proceed to There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the call the calendar, under Rule VIII. Whole, proceeded to consider the bill. BILLS PASSED OVEB. Mr. KEAN. I wish the Senator from Missouri would explain the situation in regard to these vouchers, scrip, or certificates. The bill (S. 3528) to reimburse depositors of the Freedman's l\Ir. WARNER. The bilJ simply asks the Secretary of the Savings & Trust Co. was announced as the first business on Treasury to report to Congress what supplies were furnished-- the calendar. 1\Ir. KEAN. By the State of Missouri? Mr. SMOOT. I ask that the bill go over. Mr. WARNER. To the troops, for which scrip or vouchers The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill will go over. were given by the officers taking the supplies. A commission The concurrent resolution ( S. Con. Res. 16) authorizing the was appointed by the State of Missouri to examine into the Secretary of War to return to the State of Louisiana the origi­ services rendered, and certificates were issued by that commis­ nal ordinance of secession that was adopted by the people of sion for the services rendered and supplies furnished. said State in convention assembled, etc., was_am1ounced as next Mr. KEAN. This scrip of the State is still outstanding? in order. l\lr. W .ARNER. This scrip of the commission is still out­ Mr. SMOOT. I ask that it go over. standing. I do not want any misunderstanding. There was a The PRESIDING OFFICER. The resolution wi:l go over. question whether 'Some of that scrip was not fraudulent, and The bill (H. R. 10584) providing for the adjustment of the the originals are all with the Secretary of the Treasury, as I am claims of the States and Territories to lands within national advised, and this simply directs the Secretary of the Treasury forests was announced as next in order. to report, and creates no obligation to pay upon the part of the Mr. KE.AN. Let the bill go over. United States. · The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill will go over. 1\Ir. KEAN. It absolutely bars the fraudulent scrip? The bill ( S. 8083) to provide for the handling of mail on Mr. WARNER. Certainly; because the Secretary of the which insufficient postage is prepaid, and for other purposes, Treasury has the original in the Treasury. was announced as next in order. The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or.!' Mr. BRISTOW. Let the bill go over. dered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the third time, The .PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill goes OYer, -Ol)On ob­ and passed. jection of the Senator from Kansas. CRATER LAKE NATIONAL PARK. The bill ( S. 7668) to grant certain lands to the city of Colo­ l\fr. CHAMBERLAIN, I ask unanimous consent for the rado Springs, the town of Manitou, and the town of Cascade, present consideration of the bill (S. 8282) to amend the act of Colo., was announced as the next business on the calendar. May 22, 1902, establishing Crater Lake National Park, and for Mr. KEAN. Let the bill go over. · other purposes. · The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill will go over. There being no objection, the Senate, as in Committee of the The bill ( S. 7180) authorizing the Secretary of War to return .Whole, proceeded .to consider the bill. to the governor of Louisiana certain bonds of the State of Mr. KEAN. Let the report be read. Louisiana and city of New Orleans was announced as next h1 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, the report order on the calendar. will be read. l\fr. BULKELEY and Mr. HEYBURN. Let the bill go O\er. The Secretary read the report submitted by Mr. CHAMBERLAIN . The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill goes over. January 11, 1911, as follows: The bill ( S. 7902) to promote the science and practice of for­ The Committee on Public Lands, to whom was referred the bill estry by the establishment of the l\forton Institution of Agri­ (S. 8282) to amend the act of May 22, 1902, establishing Crater Lake culture and Forestry as a memorial to the late J. Sterling Mor­ National Park, and for other purposes, having.had the same under con­ sideration, report it back with the recommendation that it do pass. ton, former Secretary of Agriculture, was announced as next in A letter from the Secretary or the Interior, which recommends pas­ order. sage of the bill, is hereto attached and made a part of this report. Mr. HEYBURN. Let the bill go over. DEPARTMENT OF T:i;rE INTERIOR, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill goes over. Wa.sMngton, May 25, 1910. The bill ( S. 6823) conferring jurisdiction of Court of Claims Sm: I am in receipt :l'or report, by reference from the clerk o:I' the to hear, determine, and render judgment in claims of the Senate Committee on Public Lands, o:I' S. 8282, entitled "A bill to amend the act of May 22, 1902, establishing the Crater Lake National Pawnee tribe of Indians against the United States was an­ Park, and for other purposes." nounced as next in order. The act of May 22, 1902, creating the park confers only limited · Mr. KEAN. Let the bill go over. I think it ought to go to authority on this department. It provides that under such regulations as the Secretary may prescribe, the park shall be open to all scientists, the calendar under Rule IX, and I so move. excursionists, and pleasure seekers, and to the location of mining claims The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from New Jersey and the working of the same, anc} that the Secretary may permit moves that the bill go to the calendar under Rule IX. · restaurant and hotel keepers to establish places of entertainment within the park for the accommodation o:I' tourists, but it does not The motion was agreed to. . authorize him to charge a fee for the privilege. The bill (S. 7648) to correct the military record of Charles J. The bill under consideration if enacted into law will permit the Smith was announced as next in order. granting of privileges for the accommodation of tourists in the park, authorizes the charging of such fees as may be proper :l'or the privileges, l\fr. SMOOT. I ask that the bill go over. and provides that the ·money thus accruing may be used in the manage­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill goes over. ment, operation, and improvement of the park. The bill (S. 3719) for the appointment of a national com­ I am heartily in favor of the measure, and earnestly recommend. its early enactment into law. mission for the conservation of natural resources and defining Very respectfully, R. A. BALLINGER, Seoreta1·11. its duties was announced as next in order. Hon. KNUTE NELSON, Mr. HEYBURN. I ask that the bill go over. Chairman Gommittee on Public Lands, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill goes over. United States Senate. The bill (S. 8008) granting to Savanna Coal Co. right to The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, or­ acquire additional acreage to its existing coal lease in the dere

l\fr. KEAN_ Let the bill go over, and let it go ta the: caiendar 1891, entitled "An' act ta provide tor- ocean mail service be­ under· Rule IX. tween the" United States and· foreign ports and to promote The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from New Jersey commerce." moves that the bill go to the calendar under- Rule IX. l\fr. SIDVELY. Mr. President,. I suggest" the absence of a The motion was agreed ta. quorum. The resolution (S. Res; 257J that the Committee on Privileges The PRESIDING OFFiCER: The. Secretary wm: call the and Elections be discharged' from further consideration of roll. Senato joint resolution 41, proposing an amendment to the COn­ The Secretary called the- roll, and the following- Senators stitntion of the United States, waff announced as next in order. answered: to tlleir names: l\fr. HEYBURN. Let it go over. Bacon Culberson Kean Simmons: The PRESIDING OFFICER. The resolution goes over~ Beveridge- Cullom La. Follette Smith, Md. Borah Cummins Lorimer Smith, Mich. STATE LANDS" WITHIN NATIONAL FOJIESTS. Bourne Curtis Mccumber Smith, S. C. Bradley Die~ Martin· Smoot Mr. JONES. I was called out a moment ago. I should. like Brandegee:- Dillinglmm· Newla:nds Stephens.on to inquir:a what has become of. the bill (H. Rr 10584) providing Briggs Dixon. Nixon Stone Bristow Fletcher Oliver S'wanson for the adjustment of the claims of the States and Territories Brown Flint Overman •.raliaferro- to lands within national for.ests. Bull~eley Foster Owen Taylor The PRESIDrnG OFFICER. The. bill went over oa the ob­ Burkett F.rzzler Page Terrell . Burnham Frye Paynter' Thornton jection of the Senator from-Idaho [Mr. HEYBURN]. Burrows· Gallinger Penrose- TlUman Mr. JONES_ L want to ask the Senator fr:om Idaho if. it Burton Gamble Percy Warner would not be possible to amend the bill in some way that Carter Gronna Perkins. Warr.en. Chamberlain Guggenheim Piles Watson would be satisfactory to him. The matter is one ot very great Clark, Wyo. Hale Richardson: Wetmore importance to my. State and. several of the other States out. in the West. They are urging the passage of the bill very strongly. g~~ord foeJ'~urn. ~~~~rv ' Young lUr. HEYBURN. Personally, I have no objection to a. meas-­ The VICE PRESIDENr.r. Seventy-five Senators have- an.­ ure as represented by this: bill being passed, if it doe& not affect swered to the roll calL A. quorum o:t the Senate is. present. lands in Idaho. 1\fr. GALLINGER. I offer the following as a subsitute for Mr. JO:NES. I should be perfectly willing, so far as'- r am the original bill. concerned. to except Idaho from the bill. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will read the sub­ l\Ir. HEYBURN. The supreme court of. Idaho has. passed stitute proposed by the Senator from New Hampshire ~ upan that question adversely to the.. rule that would be· estab­ The· SECRETARY. Strike out all after the enacting. clause and lished by this bill, and I am not willing to hn:ve it disturbed. insert: I think our supteme court is. entitled to- that i:espect That the Postmaster· General is· hereby authorized to pa;y for ocean l\Il!. BORAH. Mr. President:-- .mail service.. undei· the act of March 3, 1891, in vessels of the sec_o:id class on routes to south America south of the Erquator, to the Phihp.­ The·PRESIDING OFFICER. Does- the Senator :from Wash­ pines, to Japan, to China, and to Australasia. at 11 rate· not exceeding ington yield to the Senator from Idaho? lji4. p.er mile on the outward. voyage; by the shortest practicable rou~ Mr. JONES. I do. and in vessels o:F the third class. on said routes at a rate not exceedmg $2 per mne orr the outward· vcryage by the shortest· practicable r~trtes-: Mr. BORAH. I regret to disagree witfi my colleague on that Provided, That if no contract is. made under the provisions of this· a.-ct proposition, but· this is· a matter about which there is a_ differ­ f01: a line of ships between a port on the Atlantic coast south of Cape ence of opinion in my State_ It is a matter of· a. great deal of Charles and South American ports, the Postmaster General shall, prQ­ vided two or more lines are established from North .Atlantie p01~tS'; importance to the State. The. legislature has lately sent a require th.at one of said line shall, upen each cmtWard:. and home.ware memorial to this body asking for the J?.assage of this bill. The voyage, touch at.. at. least one- port of call on the Atlantic coast south of memorial is now upon the table. I also have upon my desk a Cape Charles. for mail, freight, and nassengers, regard being had in the s-election of such port of call to geographical location and to the vol­ letter from the present gover:nru: of the Stater Hon.. James H: ume of the exparr a:nd import' business of! the port so selected :- Pra­ Hawley, who is also one-of the-most· distinguished attorneys on 'l:idecl further, That to insure the· independent 01>era:tion of a.ny steam­ the Pacific coast, urging the passage of this measure. ship line holding a contract under the provisions of the act of' March 3, 1891, or of this amerrdatory act, and to prevent discrimination detri­ Now, it is tr.ue that the. supreme court. o.f. om: State at one mental to the-- public interest; the Postmaster. General shall in no event time hm1ded· down air opinion which might be said to sustain the award an-y contract for the mail s.erviee therein provided for to any position suggested by my colleague. Upon rehearing, however, bidder who shall be engaged in any competitive transpertation business by rail, or who· shall be engaged in tlre business of exporting- or import,. I am satisfied a different view was entertained. by the supreme i:ng good , wares, merchandise, or· other property on his own: account, court of our State. T think, when you take the opinion upon the or who shall bid fou or- on behalf. of. or in the interest of any I!erson or original hearing and upon the rehearing, it will be found that corporation engaged in such business, or either of them, or having the control thereof through stock ownership· or otherwise: And provided the supreme.. court has not held.. contrary to the. theory of this further, Thar the Postmaster General is authorized an:d directed to proposed law. · cancel any contract entered into in Qursusnce. of the act of March 3, Now, there is a disputed r>roposition of law which inheres in 1891, or of.. this amendatory act, if at any time the performance of the same shall rest· within the control of an-y competitive railroad company the controversy, and at this time I am not going to engage. in a 01 of, any ITeroon or persons in control of the same through stock own­ discussion of it But I am not in a position, as- much as I eI"ship or otherwise, or if any party to any sueh contract shall make or should like to accommodate both my colleague and the Senator give any undue. or unreasonable preference or advantage. to any pax:­ ticulal" person, compan-y, firm, corporation, or- locality, or any particular from Washington, to accede to the r>roposition of Idaho being description of traffic iu any respect wha-tsoe.ver, or subject any par­ elimina.ted..from the bill, There is such a universal call for it ticular. person, company firm, corporation, or loeality, or any particular from the legislature and from the present governor, to say description of traffic, to any undue or unreasonable prejudice or dis­ advantage: Provided furtTie1·, That, subject to the· foregoing provisions, nothing of my own views, that I. feel that I ought not, in the every eorrtract hereunder shall be· awarded to. that respunsible bidder passage of the bill, consent to eliminating Idaho from the bill~ who will contract, under penalties prescribed by the- Postmaster General, At a later time I shall want to take a few momentS: to state for the highest. running speed between the point named in the contPact : Ana· provided f1lrther, That the total expenditure for foreign mail serv­ why I feel. that Idaho ought to be retained in the bill. My ice in any one year under this act shall not exceed.the sum of $4,000,000, view of the law differs from that of my colleague; we are· both a:nd shall not in an:y case. ex~eed the. amount of revenue re-ceived from the foreign man service over and above the amount otherwise paid for seeking to do the best under the circumstances for the State. such service. It is largely a difference of opinion as to the law. Mr:. JONES. I merely want to remark that I will not ask .Mr. Sll\fl\IONS. l\Ir. President, it iS" not my purpose to enter for unanimous consent to take up the bill now, but I hope when into a general dfs.cussion of the question now before the Senate. we reach it on the calendar at another :time we may be able When this matter was before the Senate three years ago in a to take it up in some way: somewhat different form, I discussed it at length. l\Ir. HEYBURN. While the mutter is yet befor.e the Senate I wish now simply to make a statement somewhat in the I desire to say that in making. the constitution of the State nature of an explanation of my present attitude. of Idaho we seemed to have been inspired by the same wisdom The opposition to the pendmg measure is not· upon tfie ground as· the makers. of the National Constitutien. We did not give that we do not need better mail and transportation facilities the legislature judicial power and we have had reason. on with South America; it is not upon the· ground that a merchant several oeeasions to be glad that we did not marine, easily convertible into naval transports arrd auxiliary be I see that it is 2 o'clock. cruisers, would not higfily desirable, but upon the ground that the man compensation prov-ided by the act of 1891 is excessive·, OCEAN MAIL SERVICE AND PROMOTION OF COMMERCE. ancr to the extent of this-excess the rate prescriboo by tfiat act The PRESIDING OFFICER. The hour of 2 o'clock having constitutes a subsidy. arrived, the Chair lays before the. Senate the speciaL order, It i~ not nec:ess:ary for the- purpose of this statement that I which is Senate bill 6708. should enter into a discussion of, the question of whetfier the The Senater as. in Committee of the Whole, r.esumed the con­ act of 1891 ig OT is· not a subsidy, and I will not do so. I shall S:ideratiou. of the bilL ( S. 6708) to amend. the: act of. March. 3; confine my statement so far as this phase-of the matter is con- (}814 F CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE .. FEBRUARY 2, cerned to a review as briefly as I may of the general provisions . A few years ago three steamers were employed under it on the of that act; its practical workings during the 19 years it has Pacific in our oriental trade, but after running a short time been in force, and the purpose and effect of the amendment they broke down, and upon their own petition, alleging losses, which the measure now before the Senate proposes to make to it. their contracts were allowed canceled. When I have done this I wish to add some general observations Although the Postmaster General has tried during the whole respecting my attitude in the premises. . of these 19 years to secure a contract under this act for carry­ Prior to the act of 1891, compensation for our ocean-borne ing the mails between this country and South America, he has mail, whether carried in American or foreign bottoms, was regu­ not succeeded in securing a single bidder," as I understand it, lated by the act of 1872 and fixed upon the basis of weight of except in the case of the line to Venezuela to which I have just the mail matter actually carried. referred. In 1886 the compensation prescribed by the department under I have heretofore stated that all American vessels now carry­ the act of 1872 was, for American vessels, $1.60 per pound and ing our ocean mail except those employed under this act are for foreign vessels 44 cents per pound on letters and postal still paid under the act of 1872, which applies the weight basis cards, and on articles other than letters and postal cards 8 of compensation, while the act of 1891 applies the mileage basis. cents per pound for American and 4! cents a pound for foreign I have not the figures to make a comparison between the vessels. amount actually paid the Venezuelan and West Indian lines I These rates continued in force as to all vessels except those nave referred to under this act and what they would have re­ under contract under the act of 1891 until 1907. In 1907 these ceived under the act of 1872, but I .have the figures for a com­ rates were reduced to 80 cents per pound on letters and postal parison between the amount actually received by the four steam­ cards' <;arried in American bottoms and 35 cents per pound for ers plying between this country and Europe and what they those carried in foreign vessels, the rate on articles other than would have received upon the weight basis of compensation letters and postal cards remaining unchanged. under the act of 1872. These figures are contained in a letter The act of 1891, without changing the mail compensation for written to me by l\Ir. E. T. Chamberlain, Commissioner of Navi­ steamers, whether foreign or domestic, not complying with its gation, -under date of March 6, 1907, at which time the amend­ terms, changed the basi~ of mail compensation for American ment we are now considering w as pending before the Senate. built and owned steamers so complying from the weight to the I have in the last few days had the Post Office Department mileage basis. verify the :figures then sent me by Mr. Chamberlain, and I This act does not, as is generally supposed, prescribe a fixed find them to be accurate. !\Ir. Chamberlain's statement is as rate of compensation to be paid by the Postmaster General. It follows: simply fixes the maximum sum that may be paid and requires r omitted giving you yesterday the statement you asked for show­ ing that at the $4 rate under the ocean mail contract law of 1891 the Postmaster General to let contracts to the lowest respon­ the 20-knot American mail-line steamers have rea.lly received less than sible bidder complying with its terms after advertising once a they would have received had they been paid under the act of 1872, week for three months in at least one daily paper published in sea and inland postage. The annexed table shows the details since 1900, taken from the reports of the superintendent of foreign mails. about 14 of the principal cities of the United States. I have no reports earlier than that date. The report for 1907 was not The Postmaster General has no authority to make an:v con­ printed, but the company was actually paid under the act of 1891 the tract for carrying the mails under this act except as the ·result sum of $691,224, while on sea and inland postage on mails carried it of competitive bids, and only ships that are American built, would have received $831,309.12, showing that it would have received owned, and officered are permitted to bid. $140,085.12 more under the act of 1872- For the purposes of this act ships are divided into four classes. Which is now in force as to our ocean mails except that car­ Ships of the first class are such as have a speed of 20 knots an ried under the contract under the act of 1891- than it did get under the contract act of 1891. For eight years the hour and a registered tonnage of 8,000 tons; of the second class, showing is as follows : 16 knots an hour and a gross registered tonriage of 5,000 tons; E:xcess oJ recf:'ipts. third class, 14 knots an hour, with a tonnage of 2,500 fems, and Excess (acy of 1872) : so forth. The maximum compensation allowable is $4 per mile 1907------$140,085.12 1906------147,904.08 _first class, $2 ·second class, and $1 third class, outward voyage. 1905------1904 ______119,748.48 Ships of the three classes I have mentioned employed under 1903 ______61,565.28 this act must be constructed according to plans and specifica- 38,589.36 ----- $507, 892. 32 tions agreed upon by the Secretary of the N~vy, and they must Excess (act o.f 1891) : . be of sufficient strength and stability to carry and sustain the 1902------26, 523. 36 workings and operations of at least four effective rifle cannons 1901------'------162, 073. 44 1 0 of a caliber of not less than 6 inches,. and must be of the highest 9° ------258, 325. 92 446,922. 72 rate known to maritime commerce. They mast be officered by American citizens and a certain portion of the crew must be Balance------60,969.60 American citizens, and they must carry free of charge one mail It will be seen from this statement that these four· steamers messenger. Each ship must carry as a cadet and train and edu­ received during the first three years of their operation under cate in the duties of seamanship one American-born boy for the act of 1891 $446,922 more than they would have received each ton gross register and fraction thereof. It must place its for carrying the same amount of mail under the general law, schedule practically under the control of the Postmaster Gen­ but in 1903, on account of the great increase in the quantity eral, and submit to fines and penalties for failure to comply of mail matter carried, the balance shifted to the other side of with such regulations as he may prescribe. Finally, the United the account, and from that time until 1907 they received an­ States must be given the right to condemn for use as transports nually much less under the act of 1891 than they would have or cruisers all steamers so employed, the price to be paid to be received for carrying the same amount of mail matter under fixed not by the owner bat by appraisement. the general law. The act of 1891 has been in force now about 19 years. Dur­ The a.mount received in 1907 was $140,085.12 more than would ing that time, so far as I have been advised, the act has not have been received for carrying the same amount of mail un­ been amended nor has there been any attempt made to re­ der the general law. The total amount received during the peal it. seven years between 1900 and 1907 was . $60,969.60 less than Having stated the general provisions of this act, with the in­ would have been received under the general law. By the gen­ dulgence of the Senate, I wish now to state as briefly as I can eral law I mean the act of 1872, regulating the compensation its workings during the 19 years it has been in force, what has by the weight of mails carried. been accomplished under it, and the present state of the service In 1907, as I have before stated, the compensation of the affected by it. American vessels, under the general law, was reduced from The Post Office Department, as I . am advised, during the $1.60 to 80 cents per pound. As a result of this reduction since whole period that has elapsed since its passage,. has been rea­ that .time these four steamers have been receiving more for sonably diligent in its efforts to extend oar foreign postal serv­ carrying the mail under the act of 1891 than they would have ice through its application to all the important countries with received for carrying the same amount under the general law. which we have trade relations, but on account of the lack of The actual :figures are given in the following letter from the bidders only a few contracts have been let, and, compared with Postmaster General to me, bearing date of January 24, 1911: the total of our foreign ocean mail, the amount carried by OFFICE OF THE POSTMASTER G ENERAL, WashAnoton, D. 0., Jatwar 11 24. 1911. American vessels employed under· this act is relatively very Hon. F. M. SIMMONS, small. · United States Senate. At present the number of American vessels employed under MY DEAR Srn: In compliance with your memorandum request left it is limited to four steamers, all belonging to one line, running at the department yesterday afternoon, I have the honor to inform b etw een thi s coun t ry and E urope, a sma11 l.me f·rom . · N ew y ork Iyou The as amountsfollows : paid for ocean mall service performed by the American to the _West Indies, and another to Venezuela. Line, route "57 o. M. ~ .• New York to Southampton, via Plymouth ancl 1911. . CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE . . f1815

Cherbourg, under the act of March 3, 1891, for the fiscal years ended as is now paid for carrying the mail in the higher-speed steam­ June 3p, 1908, 1909, and 1910, are $737,016, $737,536, and $676,480, respectively. - ers to Europe. · The amounts that would have been allowable for the service for the South America now has a foreign trade about one-half as great same years if the conveying steamers had not been under contract are $536, 791.28, $618,819.33, and $651,694.08, respectively. a~ that of ?m: own c~~try, and it is. growing and developing The amounts that the contract service cost in excess of what the with astomshing rap1dity. Not a smgle American steamer service would have cost if the conveying steamers had not been under ~xce~t the little line I have mentioned to Venezuela, is engaged contract. are $200,224.72, $118,716.67, and $24,785.92, respectively. m this trade, and our mails to that country, with the exception Yours, very truly, FRANK H. HITCHCOCK, . Postmaster General. bef?re stated, are carried altogether in foreign bottoms, running From these :figures it appears that even under the lesser rate on Irregular schedules, when they run on schedules at all o>er now paid under ·the general law the difference in compensation which the Post Office Department has no control. ' under that law and the act of 1891 is growing less each year For 19 years the Post Office Department has sought to secure indicating that within a very short time the difference wili contracts for this South American service for the compensation totally disappear and the balance will again be against the con­ fixed by the act of 1891, without success. The amount allowed tractor under the act of 1891. has been deemed inadequate and unremunerative by American These statistics represent the actual results during a period shipowners, and not a single bidder has been found. of 10 years of this act as regard to cost of carrying the mail When this amendment, or one of similar import, was before between this country and Europe. The service with respect to the Senate three years ago, I supported it upon the ground that carrying the mail required to be performed by American con­ the question it presented was not a question as to whether t:tie a~t. of 1891 was a subsidy act nor whether that act was per se tractors under both these acts-that is, the acts of 1872 and VICIOUS and should be repealed; but that it was a question of 1801-is substantially the same so far as carrying the mails is whether, if that act was to remain in force, this artificial dis­ concerned, but in addition to the service for carrying the mail the crimination ought not to be removed, to the end that its work­ contractor who is paid upon the mileage basis under the act of ings might be made more equal by allowing to an equally effi­ 1891 is required to do certain other things for the benefit of the cient instrument for carrying our mail to South America the· Government which entail upon him more or less expense and to same compensation as is allow_ed and paid for carrying it to surrender to the Government certain valuable rights, such as Europe. that of eminent domain over his vessel, from which the con­ I still think that is the issue and I still think this discrimina­ tractor upon the weight basis is exempt, without any additional tion is artificial and unwarranted and should be removed. compensation. This amendment seeks to do this by making mail pay of these It will be seen that under both of these acts-the one of 1872, under which most of our foreign mails are carried, and the vessels the same. act of 1891, under which a part of our mails to Europe, the Mr. President, I am not in favor of subsidies, and I so de­ West Indies, and Venezuela are carried-American vessels clared three years ago when I spoke in this Chamber in behalt which carry but a small per cent of the total of our ocea~ of this amendment. I said then that, whatever might be said mail, are paid at a much higher rate than foreign vessels which of the act of 1891, this amendment was not a subsidy enact­ carry the major part ·of them. ' ment, but an enactment to cure the demonstrated inequalities Under both these acts there is a marked discrimination of that act-that is, the act of 1891. There has been, in my against the foreigner in mail compensation. judgment, but one subsidy proposition before the Senate dur­ It is not necessary in the statement I am now making to dis­ ing the more than nine years I have been a Member of the body. That was contained in a bill introduced by the late Senator cuss the que~tion of whether it would be wise public policy to remove this discrimination by the repeal of both these acts and Hanna, carrying, as I remember it, over $200,000,000 for sub­ to award all contracts for carrying our mails to the shipowner sidizing our merchant marine. I was opposed to that bill and who will agree to carry them for the least money without voted against it. regard to the flag under which his vessel sails. As I have said Three years ago, when the amendment to which I have just before, there is not now and has not been, so far as I know any referred, embracing the main provisions of the present amend­ action to repeal either of these enactments. ' ment, was introduced by the Senator from New Hampshire it Mr. President, there are only a little over 20 first-class steam­ was referred to the Committee on Commerce, of which I ~m ers, as defined in the act of 1891, in the world, and all of these a member. The Democratic members of that committee did with the exception of two or three plying between this country not then, as I understood it, regard it as a subsidy proposition. and Canada, are engaged in the trade between this country and It was reported to the Senate without any show of active otpo­ Europe. Four of these steamers are American built and owned sition on their part in the committee or in the Senate. We~ did all belonging to the same line, and are all now employed by th~ not file a minoriq report against it, although we reserved ·the Postmaster General under the act of 1891, and are receiving $4 right to do so, as well as to oppose it on the floor of the Senate per mile, the maximum sum prescribed by the act for carrying if we should afterwards determine to do so. When the meas~ the mail, that sum being the lowest amount bid. ure was before tbe Senate it was passed on a viva voce vote The condition of our trade with Europe and the requirements without a division or a call for a yea-and-nay vote. If ther~ of our postal relations with that country justify and demand in was any negative vote cast at that time, I do not recall it. our vehicles of communication and transportation the high When this measure reached the Senate for final action I speed and the great capacity of these vessels, but that is not offered an amendment, which was adopted, and which is in true of the conditions and requirements of our South American substance retained in the present bill, limiting the amount which trade nor of our postal relations with that country. A vessel the Postmaster General might spend in any on'e year fo:r the of the first class could not now live in that trade, and even if it establishment of new lines to the actual profits on our ocean should develop in the future with much greater rapidity than it mail service of the previous year. At that time it was supposed has in the past it will be many years before their employment that this amendment would safeguard the Treasury. Since will be warranted or economically possible. then, an4 now, it is urged tl!at it will not have that effect, The only difference under this act, as affects the carrying of because, by an alleged false method of bookkeeping obtaining the mails, between ships of the first and second class is that of in the Post Office Department, the profits shown upon the speed and tonnage. In its present state of development our busi­ ledger of th~t department are false and misleading in that ness and postal relations with South America will be as well inland and ocean postage is not segregated. Up to this time and as efficiently served and supplied by ships of the second there has been no law requiring such segregation, and it may class, or even of the third class, as that with Europe is by ships be that in this condition the Post Office Depa'rtment for con­ of the first class. It would therefore seem, considering the dif­ venience in bookkeeping, has not made it. The Sen~tor from ference of our European and South American trade and the re­ Indi~a [~fr. SHIVELY] has offered an amendment, the purpose sulting postal relations, that the differentiation made by this of which IS to force the department to make this segregation act in mail compensation based upon a slight difference in speed i~ case the pending measure shall become law, and I shall give and tonnage is largely artificial and immaterial and furnishes his amendment my hearty support. Mr. President when three no substantial reason why a vessel running 20 knots should be years ago, this bill was permitted to pass the Sena'te without a paid twice as much for carrying the mails from New York to division or a single vote in the negative, the Democrats were Europe as is paid one running at a speed of 16 knots from New as .much opposed to subsidies as they are to-day, and their York to South America. , attitude then can only be reconciled with that now upon the The object of the amendment which is now before the Senate theory that they did not, with the lights then before them is to remove this apparently unwarranted discrimination and regard it as they do now on investigation and in the light of authorize the Postmaster General to pay slower-speed steamers fuller knowledge. rendering the same and just as efficient service between thi~ Shortly after the passage by the Senate of this measure oppo­ country and South America, the same maximum cqmpensation sition sprung up to it in the other branch of Congress. · It was 1816 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 21 much discussed and somewhat vehemently denounced there. of transporting it to the seaport, of transferring it aboard the 'rhe press of the country began to characterize it as a subsidy steamer, of conveying it to the foreign port, and of conveying and. as such, denounce it; and that has gone on until public senti- it to the point of inland distribution should be regarded as ment has crystallized into the acceptance of that opinion and: expense of our foreign mail service~ interpretation. Undoubtedly that is the opinion of' the· people Now, ia it pr~posed to exclude from that account the ex­ of my State, where there has been an active newspaper propa- pense ot preparing the stamps and distributing them; to ex­ ganda against it. Whether this opinion is the result of a full elude from that aceount the expense of assembling the mail at: understanding of the facts as to the original act and its work- the point of inland origin; to exclude from that account the ings during the 19 years since its enactment and the purpose expense of packing the mail and delivering it a.boa.rd the cars and effect of the proposed amendment to it, or whether there at the point of inland origin; to exclude from that account the has been a failure on their part to differentiate between the orig- , expense of transporting the mail from the point of inland origin inal act and the proposed amendment, I do not assume- to say. to the seaport, and the expense ot transferring it and placing At any rate, the matter at issue is not one which raises a . it aboard the steamer? Then, upon the other side, is the constitutional or other question which involves the conscience , expense of conveying that mail to the point of inland delivery of the individual Senator. It involves only a question of policy · to be taken from the expense. account, and practically only the and expediency as to whether we shall pay for our mails upon naked item of the sea cost to be regarded as the expense of our the weight or the mileage basis and mingle in one enactment the foreign mail service for the purpose of creating a fund out of exigencies of our postal and naval service. which the disbursements under this bill are to be made? Upon such a question it is the duty of a Senator, as I see I regret that this position seems to be taken by the Post Office it, to represent in his vote here the views of his constituency, Department; and in c~onfirmation of my statement I call the if he knows to a degree satisfactory to himself what those attention of the Senate to the communication sent by the Post­ views are, rather than his own opinions. master General to the Senator who is in cha.rge of this bill, I am satisfied that the people of North Carolina, in their which communication appears as Appendix A in the report on present understanding . of the matter, are overwhelmingly op- the-bill. I read from page 13 of the report: posed to the pending measure and that they desire me to vote In considering possible expenditures under the provisions, of this against it, and in deference to their views and wishes I shall, b111- . when my name is called, vote in th~ negative. And I should here explain that the bill proposed as a substi The VICE PRESIDE.L~T. The question is on agreeing to the tute is the same as the original bill except that the former proposed substitute offered by the Senator from New Hamp- involves a cha.nge of routes- shire [l\Ir. GALLINGER]. In considering the possible expenditures under the provisions of this Mr. SHIVELY. Mr. President, I offer the amendment which bil4 the amoi;int o! postal revenue collected by the United States on •t b d articles contamed m the mails exchanged with foreign countries other I send to the desk, and ask tha t 1 may e rea · . than Canada -1llld Mexico, the net cost of foreign maif service, and the The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Indiana ofl'.ers surplus of revenue over such cost as estimated for a period of 10 years an amendment to the substitute, which will be stated. ended June 30, 1909, should be given con.side.ration. The following The SECRETARY. It is proposed to add at the end of the sub- table shows these amounts- stitute the words " inclusive of all inland expense thereof." Then follows a tabulated statement prepared by the Post- 'I'he v"ICE PRESIDENT. 'rhe q11estion is on agreeing to master General, including what he calls. "receipts," "cost," that amendment-to the substitute. and "surplus," respectively, a.s showing. the profit of our Mr-. SIDVELY. l\Ir. President, ' if the Senator in charge of ocean mail service. . That statement is as follows: the bill accepts this amendment. I do not care to make any remarks upon it. If he does not, I have some observations to Year. I Receipts. Oost. 8lll'Jl1us. submit. 19()()______Mr. GALLINGER. I certainly shall not accept the amend­ $3' 46'7, 1S9. 26 $2,014, 537.00 $?,452,601.80 ment before I hear the Senator's reasons for offering it. 1001_____ ------3,005,39...&.61 2,062,537 .16 942,786.45 Mr. SIDVELY. Some Senators about me ask that the 1902____ ------3,737,318.57 2., 245' 625. 55 1,4.91,69&.02 1903______------4,991,974.54 2,383,588.80 2,608,385.74 amendment be again stated. 1904,____ ------5,095,389.18 2,516,053.08 2,579,3S6.12 The VICE PRESIDENT. The amendment will })e again 1005-1906______- ~------_ 4,7ll,215.03 2,670, 798.43 2,04.ll,41().60 stated. 6,ooa,so7~53 2,965,624'.21 a, 043, l&'U2 1907 ______------6',579,043. 48 2,941,816.67 3,637 22£1.81 The SECR'ETARY. It is proposed to add to the- proposed sub­ 1908 ___ ------6,692,648.20 2,875,0ll. 72 3,816, 736.48 stitute after the word "service"-- 1909______------fi,220, 751.96 2, 734,665. 76 3,486,086.20 1\Ir. GALLINGER. Let the proviso be read with the pro-­ posed additio·n, and then it may be better understandable. Mr. BRISTOW. Mr. President-- The VICE PRESIDENT. The Secretary will read the pro­ The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator :from Indiana viso as proposed to be amended. yield to the Senator from Kansas? The SECRETARY. After the word " service,'1 on page 3, at the Mr. SHIVELY. Oertainly. end of line 21, it is proposed to in.Sert "inclusive of all inland Mr. BRISTOW. I should like to inquire if the Postmaster expense thereof:,'' so as to read : General states how he arrives a.t the amount of money that is Atta pro-vided further, That the total expenditure for foreign mail received for this ocean mail transportation. service in any• one yeal.' under this act shall not exceed the sum of .Mr. SHIVELY. Well, the Postmaster General is not very $4,000,000. and •shall not in any case exceed the amount of revenue received from the foreign mail service over and above the amount elaborate in stating how he arrives at this conclusion. I will otherwise- paid for such service, inclusiye of all inland expense thereof. quote to the Senate in a minute a little note in minion type that Mr. SHIVELY. .Mr. President, the amendment offered is de­ throws some light upon the question. signed to render clear what is to be considered as profit or It will be seen from the tabulated statement that in 1909 th~ surplus from our foreign mail service, and, as such, available receipts from the foreign mail service, outside of Canada and for expenditure under the proposed substitute offered by the Mexico, are given at $6,220,751.96; the cost of the service is senior Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. GALLINGER]. If' the stated at $2,_734.,665.76; the surplus, which would be available amendment could be accepted: now I would not take the time for the purposes of this act, he states as $3,486,086.20. of the Senate in discussing it. The refusal to acceDt it only Following the tabulated statement ts a little note in minion emphasizes the necessity of pressing it on the· attention of the type, as follows: Senate. The cost mentloned does not include any apportlonment to the maill! Ordinarily profit or surplus- is regarded as excess. o.f receipts exchapged with foreign countries or any part of the general cost of over expenditures. If this is to be an exception to that rule, transporting and handling mails within the United, States. then it seems to me that the Senate should know it. The It is perfectly palpable from this note that the whole ex-. entire revenue from the postage on our foreign mail is re­ pense of our. foreign mn.il servic~ is not charged ofl'. against the garded as foreign-mail receipts. Why should not the entire receipts from our foreign mail serviee. To indicate the con­ expense of our foreign mail service be regarded as the total struction tha.t the Post Office Department is placing upon the expense of that service? Whether it is so regarded by the word '~pro.fit" and the word "surplus," as employed in con­ officers of the Post Office Department, and whether it is so nection with this bill, I invite the further attention of the regarded by those in charge of this bill, is a qnestion of such Senate to the words of the Postmaster General. He says: doubt that it should be settled now. It will be seen that for each of the fiscal yea.r.s ended J"une 30, 1906, 19.07, 1908, and 1909, the surplus was $3,000,000 01: more. Concert\~ The entire re-renue from postage on mails gathered, say, in Ing this matter, the fion. Elihu Root, then Secretary of State, at the Omaha, Nebr., to be sent to Berlin, Germany, or London, Eng­ Trans-Mississippi Commereial Congress, November 20, 1906, said : land, is regarded by the Post Office Department as receipts from "Every dollar of that $3,000,000 is made at the expense of the com­ merce of the United States. What can be plainer th.an that the GQv~ our foreign mail service. The entire expense of assembling ernment ought to expend at lea.st the profits that it gets from tlie tha.t mail of packing that mail, of placing it aboard the cars ocean mail service in makin"' the ocean mail service efficient." 191L CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.

It is palpable that.these authorities see fit to regard all the What relation the inland exp_ense bears to the sea cost or revenue derived from postage for foreign mails as receipts expense has in a measure been determined by the department from the foreign mail service, and then limit the expense of itself. I quote from the act of 1872, and that part of that act that ervice to the slender item of sea_cost. that constitutes section 4009 of the Revised Statutes, as follows: l\Ir. BRISTOW. Mr. President-- For transporting the mail between the United States and any The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Indiana foreign port or between ports of the United States touching any foreign port, the Postmaster General may allow as compensation, if by nited yield to the Senator from Kansas? States steamship, any sum not exceeding the se0r-- Mr. SHIVELY. Yes. Mr. BRISTOW. Does the Postmaster General state how he I will italicize the signi:fica:Qt words for the RECORD- not exceeding the sea an-a United States inland postage; and if by a arrives at the amount of money that is received for foreign foreign steamship or by a sailing vessel any sum not exceeding the mails? sea postage on the mail so transported. Mr. SHIVELY. Oh, not at all. It becomes the duty of the Postmaster General to formulate Mr. BRISTOW. If I am not disturbing the Senator, to illus­ and publish a regulation giving effect to this section of the trate, how can he tell when a stamp is sold at Indianapolis · Revised Satutes, and in pursuance of that duty the regulation whether that stamp is to go on a letter bound for England, or in force is as follows : for New York, or Chicago? Does he explain in any way how he Ste.amers flying the flag of the United States, bu.t not under formal 8.rri1es at this amount which is given as the receipts for foreign contract, are allowed for conveyance of the mails not exceeding the man? full postage on the mails conveyed, at present at the rate of 80 cents a pound for letters and post cards and 8 cents per pound for other Mr. SHIVELY. The -Postmaster General does not explain articles ; and steamers under foreign flags are allowed 4 francs per any way by which he arrives at the total receipts from the for­ kilogram (about 35 cents a pound) ·for letters and post cards and 50 eign mail service. The Assistant Pcstmaster General does state centimes per kilogram (about 4~ cents a pound) for other articles, cal­ in his last report what the receipts from our foreign mail service culated on the basis of the actual net weights of the mails conveyed. . are, and indicates what they are from all sources, save our ex­ l\Ir. BUISTOW. Mr: President-- changes of mail between Canada and Mexico and the United ~'he :VICE PRESIDEN'r. Does the Senator from Indiana States. It is perfectly apparent that it is intended to create by yield to the Senator from Kansas? construction a surplus or profit from our foreign mail service Mr. SHIVELY. Yes, sir. that does not actually exist. Out of that improvised surplus or Mr. BRISTOW. Does the Senator understand that to be the profit, the equivalent of which has once been paid to the rail­ estimate of the amount which the Postmaster General believes roads and other inland agencies, it is proposed to make the the Government receives for this mail? Is that the postage extraordinary disbursements under the operation of this bill. which the Go1ernrnent has received per pound for the letters All I ask by this amendmep.t is that the question be made and per pound for the other articles? clear; that the proposed statute be relieved of ambiguity· Mr. SHIVELY. Unquestionably a relation is established be­ that when we are counting the sum total of the receipts fro~ tween inland expense and what, in the act of 1872, was called our foreign mail service we shall subtract from them the sum "United States inland postage." Postal conventions have, since total of the expense of our foreign mail service. If there be -a 1872, removed much significance from the phrases " the sea n,nd surplus or profit left, such surplus or profit would be available United States inland postage" ai1d "the sea postage." But the department, in the regulation I have quoted, makes the 80 and under th~ operations of the bill. If there be no actual surplus or profit there should be nothing available under the operations 8 cent rates respond to "the sea and United States inland post­ of the bill. age" named in the act and the 35 and 4~ cent rates respond to The junior Senator from New York [.Mr. RooT] in his speech " the sea postage" named in the act. So, by the adjudication to the Senate a few days ago indicated that there was ap­ of the· department, the United States inland expense bears the proximately $4,000,000 available for use under this bill. In relation to the sea expense of 45 to 35 on letters and 3~ to 4! reply to a question or suggestion, he stated that he was relying on other articles. On page 28 of his report the Second Assist­ on information received from the Post Office Department. Now. ant Postrna_ster. General fixes the postage collected on all for­ I invite the attention of the Senate to the report of the com­ eign mails, other tban those exchanged with Canada and Mexico mittee on the original bill as reported to the Senate. The at $5,739,624.22. On page 26 he reports tt.e net cost of the for: writer of this report, whoever he is, speaks as follows: eign mail service at $3,112,302.46, omitting the items of United For the past four years the apparent profit of the ocean mail service States and foreign inland expense. On page 28 he reports the has been upward of $3,000,000 annually. · . letters and post cards "dispatched by sea to foreign countries" The author of this report seems to have had a mental reserva­ for the year at 2,603,663 pounds, and other articles at 14,726,580 tion. He was unwilling to stake his reputation for candor pounds. and good faith before the Senate on an unqualified statement The United States inland expense on the letters and. post that there was $3,000,000 profit. He uses the expression cards, at 45 cents per pound, would be $1,171,648.75, and the "apparent profit." So it is clear that the Post Office Depart­ United States inland expense on the other articles, at 3i cents ment and the author of this report seem to be proceeding upon per pound, would be $515,430.30, and on both combined $1 687 _ the theory of a constructive profit, a constructive surplus, in­ 079.15. Adding this sum to the " net cost " reported by the S~cond stead of an actual surplus. Assistant Postmaster General, we have a total of $4,799,381.71, In. confirmation of this I invite attention to the report of the which, taken from the $5,739,624.22, leaves only $950,242.51, and Postmaster General for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1910. from this sum must then be subtracted the foreign inland cost The Postmaster General, in advocacy and defense of this leuis- before net profit or net deficiency in the foreign mail service can lation, uses the following language: · "' be approximated. The department makes no pretense that The total cost, provided service were ·secured on all these routes there is profit from the Canada and Mexico mails, unless it be would be about $2,201,000 a year. This amount, added to the cost of considered that the whole cost is thrown out of the account the service now in effect under the provisions of the act of March 3 and the gross receipts counted as net profits available for dis­ 1901, gives a sum considerably less than the estimated profit from the foreign mail service, not including the cost of handling between the bursement under this bill. Is there a dollar of actual oro.fit United States exchange offices and offices of mailing and delivery in or surplus from our foreign mail service? Is it not palpable this country. "" both from the statistics of the department and the attitude of The same conclusion appears in the report of the Second As­ the advocates of this bill against the proposed amendment that sistant Postmaster Geueral, in which, on page 31, he uses this it is a constructive profit or surplus that is contemplated?' language: If not, adopt this amendment. The amendment removes all ~be total cost ?f such service would be about $2,201,160 a year, doubt, all uncertainty, all ambiguity. It leaves no room for which, together with the cost of present service maintained under the provisions of the act of 1891, is less than the profits derived from the construction. If this legislation is to be predicated on an foreign mail service (exclusive of the cost of handling foreign mails excess of receipts over cost, let that fact be settled by the words between the United States exchange offices and offices of mailing and of the bill. On the other hand, if a surplus is to be created by delivery in this cou'ntry). construction, there exists no reason why the accommodating It is perfectly cl.ear that the construction for the purposes of officials of the Post Office Department should not throw the this bill placed upon the word " profit" and the word " surplus" remaining item of sea cost out of the expense account and by the Postmaster General, by the Second Assistant Postmaster call the whole postage revenues from our foreign mails net General, and by th~ author of the report upon the bill is that profit. If it be the purpose of the department to confine ex­ it consists of all revenue from the foreign mail service, less an penditure under this bill to actual surplus, no harm is ·done by inconsequential part of the expense or cost of that service. It th.e amendment, and if such be not the purpose then unmixed is by this system of left-handed bookkeeping, a system of ac­ good is accomplished by the amendment. ' counts that would not be tolerated in any other department of Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, my attention was diverted the Government nor in any private enterprise for one moment, for a moment when the Senator from Indiana offered his amend­ that a surplus is fabricated out of which to make the expendi­ ment. Did I understand the Senator to say that he would vote· tures contemplated by the bill. for the bill if his amendment was agreed to? '1818 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE .. FEBRUARY .2,.

Mr. SHIV.ELY. Certainly not. Th~ amendment conforms Ir. JOHNS'J'ON (when ·the name of Mr. DAVIS was called). the bill to the theory on :which it has -been advocated ·and .takes ~he -Senator !from .A.rlmnsas [Mr. D.Av1s] is pail.led with the •the .false .pretense eut of ·it. It is incapable Df .amendment to senior Senator from ·Rhode Island (Mr. ALDBroH]. reconcile me to voti~g for it .except :all ·be _stricken ·out .after the l\Ir. ROOT (when l\Ir. .DEPEW'.s name was called) . I .am ..enacting .cla..use, the ·title be changed,, and ._a new bill substituted charged with the duty of announcing ·the :pair of nry ·eollengue for it. What I do :Say is, tha:t if the S_enator intends the Senate [l\fr. DEPEW~ with .the Sena.tor roposition is to be taken literally it means that the postmaste1;•s to -anno.unce that :my colleague ,f.M:r. MoNEY] i:s absent because salary shall be divided .in ,proj)ortion to the .amount of work . ~f .sickness. If present, he would ;vote "_yea." He is paired on .he •does for the foreign ,and domestic 'mail. It ·p.ro-vides ±hat the the bill. ex:pense of the carriers -wbo hanfile i;he mail shall be divided .Mr. RICHARDSON (when .his name was called;). I have a .as .between the foreign and the-domestic service, and se all along ,pair with the .Senator from Maryland [1\Ir. RAYNER], and with­ the line. It is impossible 1bt>okkeeping, and absol11te}y '.beyond hold my vote. the power of ·any 1man, ihowever wise he may be, 'to put into Mr. SMOOT (when.Mr. .SuTHERLAND's name was called).. My effective operation. colleague ; [Mr~ .STIXHERLANDJ is unavoidably rletained from the M-r. 'BRISTOW. M-r. -President-- .Senate. He is paired with the junior Senator from Minnesota The VIOE PRESIDENT. Does the 'Senator from New Ramp- Jl\lr. CLAPP]. shire yield to the Sena tor from Kansas? Mr. W A.RR.EJN (when ,his name was oalled ).. I Jinve a -.gen- fr. •GALLINGER. 1 was talking -!f:o i:b.e Senator from In- .eral pair with the .senior .Senator from Mississippi .[Mr. .MONEY] . 'diana, out 'I am a1ways glad 'to fteld to the Senator from Xan- I transfer the pair so that he will .stand paired with the junior -sa-s, who always has some troub1esome question to ·propound. .Senator from Iowa ,[Mr. YOUNG] . I am informed that the Mr. BRISTOW. J: -should like to inquire if it is any more junior .Senat-0r from Iowa would vote "nay" and the Senator impossible to ascertain the inland cost, as the Senator from .from 1\lis:siss.i,npi would vote "_yea " on this guest.ion. I :vote 'Indiana has suggested, than 1t is to ascertain the cost at all for ".nay!' ·transmitting foreign mails. The .roll -eaH was rconcluded. Th. GALLINGER. On that point I am not ·going to waste Mr. WET.MO.HE. I desire -to .announce the pair of my ·COl- ·a moment. I simply h.··now that department does estimate the league Jl\Ir. ALDrucH] with the Senator from Arkansas ,[Mr. ·coEt, ~ and I ·run willing to ·stand 'by the ·figures of the department. TIA:v.:i:~J J make this ,announcement :for the da,y. I presume there is a method whereby it can be ·done, and 1I ·Mr. CLARKE of Arkamsas. J: desire ta .a-nnounce that .my nave no doubt the deprr:rtment exercises most excellent judg- .colleague [Mr. .DAv.rsJ •is absent ron account ·Of the illness of a ment anil good sense in reaching its conclusion. member of his family. He will be absent for some days, and l lli. H-RISTOW. 0f course the Senator from New Hampshire will ..not repeat the announcement. :is very wen 1nformed, indeed, on this matter, and since he has ..l\Ir. FOSTER (after having -voted in the affirmative). .Uay ·based ms argument la.rge1y upon the ,profits in .handling the J inquire .if the .senior Senator :from North Dakota ;[Mr. .Mc ­ -foreign -mails lt ·seems to me .that the Senate ought to have Cu.MEER] .has voted? some information as to now the 'department arrives· at ·.the facts illhe PRESIDING QFFIOER. He has not. i:ha't are 'here presented for our constderation. ..Mr. .FOSTER. Then I withdraw my vote. Mr. ·GALLTNGEJR. The -Senator ·from Kansas can :ascertain irhe ~ result was announced-yeas 3-5, nays 40, as lfollows.: tbat by going to the department, '.I ha~e no doubt. YEAS-35. Mr. BRISTOW. And sin.ce the Senator 'from Indiana nas Bacon Crawford Newlands Stone Swanson ,presented two elements of cost .from the re1101·ts ·of the PoEft- 1~~~eal'.I 8~~~fg: g~.e::inn Taliaferro •master General, ·and since ·the ·senator from "New Hampshire Bourne 'Fletcher Paynter 'Taylor challenges the 45 cents per ..Pound as absolutely impossiole or ¥istow Firazier Percy Terrell Thornton ·ascertainment, f wished to ingllire bow much easier it was to lB~~'fc:ri ~~fan ~~~s Tillman ascertain 'the 35 .cents per pounu than it is the other :part ·of tbe 'ChamlJBrltfln La Follette &nith, 'l'da. Watson 'Same -result. Clar~..Ark . Martin Smith, s. c. M~ SIDVELY. Will the Senator .from .New .Hurnpshire _per- Curtis NAYS~~ Perkins mit wrthe:r interrlU)tion·? ~:~lgee '.Dick Heyburn Piles Mr. 'G.A.LLINGER. With ,pleasure. Briggs Dillingham Jones Root '1\fr. SHIVELY. 'The deparbnent has .'fixed 45 cents .as the.re- :Emkett Wxon !Kean co.tt Sm.ith,.Mich. 'lation of ·the inland cost to :the 80 cents composing the in1and ]~~~~ iY~fnt t~~f~er Smoot ~and sea cost. The depa rtment bas alreai.':ly .adjudicated that •Carter :Frye Nixon Stephenson 'question. There is no diffictilty in ·separating sea nnd .in1and Clark, Wyo. g~~1hl~er Oliver WarrenWm·ner 'Cost. ·The department finds no di:fliculty in gett1ng .at the inland .fillo':n ·Gogge.riheim ~~;ose Wetmore eXJ)ense except when confusion is u:sefu1 to cover constructive N0T V:OTING--16. ..Profits for the _purpos.es of this legislation. ..Aldrich ·Clapp -Gore Rayner lVIr. GALLINGER. 1\fr. -President, :I do· not care to enter into :Bailey Davis Mccumber Richardson ·any disctmsion on this IJOint. I do not _propose to stick in .the ~~~{~f' ~~~{~ ~~~~~ ~~~~land bark -about 'these i.bings. The great department known .as the 1Post ·Office ·Department nns -this matter in charge, and ·~y .are So Mr. SHIVELY's ·a:mendment to the ·amendment was Tejected. transacting the business of the country, as .1 believe, 1n .a very 1\Ir.. NEWLANDS. .Mr. !President, l offer the fellowing amend- ·effi.cient manner, and _r mn -;willing to allow that department to rnent in lieu of the amendment proposed by the SenatoT from :determine ·all these matte1'S of detail. New Hampshire. I trust, Mr. President, tbat the amendment stibmitted .b_y the ·The PRESIDING -OFFICER. The :amendment -submitted by Senator from Indiana may not be agreed to. the Senator from Nevada will be .read. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. BRANDEGEE in fhe .chair). The SECRETARY. In lieu of the substitute propo ed by the The question is on agreeing to the amendment proposed .by the Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. GALLINGER1 insert: Senator 'from Indiana to the ·a:m-endnrent. That the :Secretacy of 'the Na-vy, the P ostmaster Genera1, ana fhe Sec- . ' reta.ry of Commerce and Laoor shall hereafter constitut e a commission Mr. SHIVELY. 'On th.at ·1 ask for the yeas and .nays. .to be Jrnown as the foreign commerce commission , and .that they are The :yeas 'and nays were ordered, and the Secretary .:Proceeded .hereby authorized to 1Jl"Ovide "for the construction, either in the private to caTI the roll -sllilJyards of fhe United States or 'in fhe shipyards of -the Navy, or both, · . , lOf 30 -veSBels, not exceeding ~.B OO tons ca-pa.c.i ty -each and costing in the Mr. JOHNSTON (when J\Ir. 'B.A.ILEY:S name was called') . .aggregate .not .exceeding - $30,000,000~ that such vess.els shall be so con­ 'The Sena'tor -from Texas ;[])fr. -:8.A.ILEYJ is ·pa.ired with .the .senior I structed a~ to oe. useful to the N~v:Y ~s auxiliary vessels, such as trans- .Senator from Connecticut [.Mr BULKELEY] , ports, colliers, drspatc~ boats, cruisers, and scouts, :rod also useful in • . · · • , Jti~~ of peace in opemng up new routes of. commerce ; that sucb com- 1\Ir. 'BULKELEY (when ln:s name was called) . .I desire to nuss10n make to .congress such 11.'ecommendab ons .as to it seem .ad-visable announce that I am paired with .the junior Senator from Texas .regarding the manning of such vessels in wnole OT in part by the Navnl [1\Ir. BA.ILEYj. Jf Jie were __present ..he 4lould vote " yea ,, ,and I R.es-erve and _-th·e 1easlng - o~ the~ S? manned in times of peace to snip- " ., • pmg comparu.es, or otherwise utilizmg :them !for rthe pnrpo.se .of pr omot-. s h ould vo t e nay. Ing foreign trade and commerce. - 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. II819

Mr. NEWLANDS. :Mr. President, I have presented an amend- the kind of a subsidy blli the people want, and that's what they are going to get under the Newland.a measure." . ment similar to the one now presented to the various ship­ While in San Diego Engineer Flynn will complete the plans and peti­ subsidy and mail-subsidy bills that have been proposed. I am tion for the proposed local harbor improvements, which are to be sub­ glad to obserYe that there is a gradually increasing sentiment mitted to the legislature early in January. in favor of the creation of an auxiliary navy which can be used in times of peace as a part of the merchant-marine service, [From the San Diegan-Sun, San Diego, Cal.] under suitable terms made by the Government with private SHALL WE SUBSIDIZE OR OWN OUR SHIPS? shipping companies. One of the things commonly anticipated from this closing session of a big-interest Congress is a ship-subsidy bill. Big interests have long I ask unanimous consent to put in the RECORD certain clip­ been wanting a new subsidy of some kind, and they feel that this Con­ pings containing resolutions of boards of trade and shipping gress presents one of the last chances for getting it. associations, and so forth, regarding this measure. These clip­ The proposition as framed up is to give a subsidy of about $30,000,000 to hire steamship lines to run from American ports to Central and pings are not always accurate in their statements regarding South American ports. 'the provisions of the bill which I have presented, but they in­ The Republican leaders have insisted that this ie necessary, but there dicate the growing unwillingness to subsidize private interests, is a Democrat representing Nevada in the United States Senate who de­ clares there is a better way to accomplish the result. and the disposition to insist that wherever Government ap­ Senator NEWLA.NDS proposes this plan: propriation is necessary to create a merchant marine the ships Instead of giving thirty millions to private enterprise, let us build affected shall be Government owned and not Goverrurient aided. 30 ships costing $1,000,000 each. Let ui;i lease these ships to organized commercial bodies in various The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, consent is seaport cities, so that they may develop foreign trade for both local and granted. national benefit, paying a rental which shall cover depreciation and The matter referred to is as follows: reasonable interest on the investment. Let us enroll the seamen employed on these leased steamships as mem­ [San Francisco Call, Jan. 11, 1911.] bers of the auxiliary navy, paying them a monthly bonus out of the CHAlllBER OF COMMERCE FAVOBS MORE VllSSELS-INDORSES PLAN FOR A National Treasury sufficient to make up the difference between foreign and American wages and requiring them in return for this bonus to NAVAL AUXILIARY FLEET. accept training and discipline under naval officers. OAKLAND, January 1.0, 1911. It we do this, what shall we then have in place of subsidized private A meeting of the directors of the chamber of commerce was held lines? to-day, at which a resolution was adopted favoring the construction of We shall have 30 independent steamship lines, controlled by the busi­ a naval auxiliary fleet of 40 ships under the direction of the Navy, in ness men of 30 American seaports. accordance with the bill introduced in the United States Senate by Sen­ We shall have 30 splendid ships ready to serve as transports on short ator F. G. NEWL.A.1'1JS, of Nevada. notice, manned by crews of American seamen, trained for naval s· .:rvice The bill provides for the building of 40 10,000-ton auxiliary vessels, by naval officers. . to be used as colliers in time of war and as freight carriers in time of This plan will not cost the Nation a dollar more than the scheme of peace. It was stated at the meeting that owing to the small number of ship subsidies proposed. American merchantmen there will be little use for the Panama Canal It will have the further advantage of enriching the Nation instead of as an aid to commerce without these additional vessels. private corporations. • If the time has come to think of things intended for public benefit, let us ask you what you think of this proposal by Senator NEWLANDS. [San Diego (Cal.) Union.] 1'."'EWLANDS BILL FOR NAVAL AUXILIARY I:SDORSED BY DIRECTOBS-CHAM· BER OF C0ll1MERCE .APPROVES ME.A.SURE PROVIDING FOR MERCHANT [From Light, San Antonio, Tex.] SHIPS-OTHER BODIES TAKE .ACTION-ENGINEER FLYNN EXPLAINS PUR­ LET'S HAVE A FIGHT. POSES OF BILL; OUTLINES ITS ADVANTAGES. Such an issue is at hand in the proposed ship subsidy. Senator · The chamber of commerce directors yesterday adopted a resolution GALLINGER expects to pass his bill through the last session of the pres­ lndorstng the Newlands nava.l auxiliary bill, which provides for the con­ ent Congress. The President will put the whole power of the adminis­ struction of forty 10,000-ton ships under the direction of the N:avy, the tration behind him. The advocates of the subsidy will have the advan­ vessels to be available as transports in case they are needed as such. tage of a most plausible argument in favor of this new scheme o:f The secretary was Instructed to send copies of the resolution to the enriching the few at the expense of the many. associated chambers of commerce for their concurrence and to all com­ They will say that the American flag has practically disappeared mercial bodies on the Pacific and Atlantic coasts. from the seas of commerce, and that both as a matter o:f national The resolution was submitted to the chamber of commerce for con­ pride and national interest it ought to be restored. sideration by Harbor Engineer John T. Flynn, who returned to San And that is true. Diego a few days ago after an extended visit to the cities of the North,· They will then argue that there is but one remedy, and that that is to where he went in the interests of the Newlands bill. make a donation of tens of millions to private steamship companies. The bill already has been indorsed by the California River and Har­ And that is not true. bor League of San Francisco, of which Mr. Flynn is consulting engineer, Senator NEwLANDS, of Nevada, has a bill pending in Congress which as well as many other commercial bodies of the coast. meets fairly and squarely every one of these conditions, but which does not give one dollar of public money to private corporations. ONE CHANCE FOR SHIPPERS. The Newlands bill has this further claim to public confidence: Speaking to a Union reporter last night in regard to the Newlands Instead of putting commerce in the hands of a powerful monopoly, it bill and the resolution adopted by the chamber of commerce, Mr. Flynn fosters competition by dividing commerce among the business men of 30 said: different seaports on both sides of the continent. " There is only one chance on earth for the relief of the producers These are the provisions of the measure : and shippers of the Pacific and Atlantic seaboards against the excessive First. Instead of giving $30,000,000 to private corporations It dedi­ rail rates, and that is through the adoption Of the Newlands bill. All cates $30 000,000 to the construction of 30 ships by the Nation itself, talk about relief through any so-called mail subsidy, which is backed costing $ 1,000 000 each. . by the transcontinental railroad trust, is a pipe dream, pure and simple. Second. It leases these ships to local companies, presumably com­ Every ship flying the American flag capable of making 16 knots an posed of merchants, manufacturers, and bankers who desire to build hmr, which Is provided for in the subsidy bill, ls owned or controlled up the trade of their seaports, at a price which .shall (1) pay 4 per by the railroads. The adoption of such a bill would not only increase cent interest on the investment and (2) provide for depreciation. the railroads' power of exaction, but would make the people pay for Third. It employs American sailors exclusively for manning these the added power. ships, and pays the difference between home and foreign wages, requir­ FOREIGN BUYERS DICTATE SHIPMENTS. ing these sailors, in return for the bonus, to enlist in the Naval Re­ serve and accept instruction under naval officers detailed for the " Between the plea of restoring the American flag upon the high seas purpose. and providing a naval auxiliary in time of war, the railroad combine Fourth. It makes these national steamships available for naval pur­ would pull Uncle Sam's leg for about $10,000,000 a year, without pro­ poses in time of war, \vith their well-trained crews ready to serve effi­ viding either one of these much-desired results. The producers of the ciently at a moment'::; notice. United States are now able to reach all the foreign markets of the Thus the Newlands bill meets every need urged by the friends of world by reason of the low water rates afforded by foreign ships, and ship subsidies and avoids every objection urged by the opponents of ship that condition will continue just as long as the foreign buyer of Amer­ subsidies. ican goods insists upon shipping his purchases in his own ship. What Here ls the concrete issue between public good and private privilege the producers of the country demand is cheaper water rates . between which, if urged upon the present Congress by the whole power of the the Atlantic and Pacific seaboards, where the foreign ship can not oper­ progressive movement, will clearly disclose to the country the attitude ate under the coastwise laws. This is the relief promised under the of individuals and of existing parties. provisions of the Newlands bill. The big interests should be challenged to decisive battle on this ship­ PANA!iIA CA'NAL REVEl:!ilUE. subsidy question. " Those 40 ships, built by the Government at a cost of $40,000,000, If the battle ls lost by the people, we shall know that there is no hope will not only serve as colliers and troopships in time of war, but save in either of the present parties and that the friends of progress in both the producers of the Pacific coast $10,000,000 a year in freight rates. parties should unite to organize a real insurgency for the battle of 1912. In addition to that, they will earn for the Government in the way of canal tolls not less than $5,000,000 a year additional. Instead of pay­ ing an average of $26 per ton on freights by rail from the Atlantic to [From The Public, Chicago.] t)l.e Pacific, we will pay an average of about $6 per ton. And this will Senator NEWLANDS seems to have had the right idea of subsidy, if not bankrupt the railroads, either, as they seem to think, but stimulate subsidy there is to be. Jt relates to a proposed subsidy of thirty million settlement and business to such an extent that it will take all of their for steamship lines to Central and South American ports. " Senator rolling stock to handle those water shipments to and from coast ports. NEWLANDS," says the San Diego Sun, " proposes this plan : Instead of giving thirty millions to private enterprise, let us lease these ships to BUSINESS FOR COAST CITIES. organized commercial bodies in various seaport cities, so that they may 0 Instead of hauling goods over three ranges of mountains a distance develop foreign trade for both local and national benefit, paying a of 3,500 miles, they will .Pick them up at San Diego and other coast rental which shall cover depreciation and reasonable interest on the ports and take the short, easy haul to the interior. The 40 ships pro­ investment. Let us enroll the seamen employed on these leased steam­ vided for under the Newlands bill could make six round trips per year ships as members of the auxiliary navy, paying them a monthly bonus between the Atlantic and Pacific, with a carrying capacity of 120,000 out of the National Treasury sufficient to make up the difference be· tons each, or a total of abol!!t 5,000,000 tons. A saving of $20 per tween foreign and American wages, and requiring them in return for ton would mean $100,000,000 a year to the producers of the country this bonus to accept training and disciplin.e under naval officers. If we and $10,000,000'a year in canal tolls to the Federal Government. That's do this, what shall we then have in place of subsidized private lines? 1820_ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. FEBRUARY~'

We shall have 30 .independent steamship lines, controlled by the business San Francisco and .Australia, ~hips which amply met the con- · men of 30 American seaports. We shall have 30 splendid ships ready to serve as transports on short notice, manned by crews of American ditions of · commerce and the requirements of trade. seamen, trained for naval service by naval officers. This plan will not Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President-- cost the Nation a dollar more than the scheme of ship subsidies pro­ The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Nevada posed. It will have the further advantage of enriching the Nation in­ stead of private corporations." yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? Mr. NEWLAJ.'TDS. Certainly. Mr. NEWLANDS. I will only say briefly, Mr. President, that Mr. GALLINGER. I do not want to unduly interrupt the we are now making an expenditure of about $125,000,000 an­ Senator, but as I remember it, the Senator is going to build nually for our Navy. In a period of 10 yea.rs we will have ex­ ships at a cost of about $1,000,000 apiece. Am I correct in pended at that rate $1,250,000,000 for the construction and the that? maintenance of the Navy, and at the end of that time we will have, if we pursue the methods which have been pursued here­ Mr. NEWLANDS. Yes. tofore, as incomplete a Navy, as disproportionate a Navy as we Mr. GALLINGER. The best authorities tell us that ships have to-uay, a Navy composed altogether of fighting ships with­ of that tonnage, modern ships, built under the conditions im­ out the auxiliary ships, such as transp0rt s, scouts, colliers, and posed upon them by the Navy Department, will cost nearer dispatch boats, which are necessary to sustain the fighting ships $1,500,000 apiece than $1,000,000. in case of war. l\Ir. NEWLANDS. I have not the data upon this subject, I believe in a well-proportioned Navy, and I believe that we but I was fortified with such data when I spoke a year or two should apply a part, say $10,000,000 annually, of the $125,000,000 ago upon this subject-data furnished by people familiar with now annual appropriated for the Navy upon the construction. such matters; I undertake to sa.y that the cost of the ships of useful auxiliary ships, which will support the fighting ships which plied between San Francisco and Australia did not ex­ in case of war, and which can be let out in times of peace to ceed $1,000,000 each, and their tonnage was 6,500 tons. I shipping companies for such purposes as are contemplated by believe that such tonnage is ample for such trade as we will this act. We would then have at the end of 10 years 100 ships open up in South America or in the Orient or in Australia. such as are contemplated in this amendment, and we would have Mr. President, as the result of the expenditure of $30,000,000 a well-proportioned Navy instead of a disproportioned Navy. we will have 30 ships as a part of our auxiliary navy, and if Mr. President, this bill may pass, and yet it will not be pro­ we expend $40,000,000 under the bill of the Senator from New ductive of the results desired by the Senator from New Hamp­ Hampshire we will have nothing. shir..-· [Mr. GALLINGER]. Through out protective system the cost Mr. GALLINGER. But, Mr. President, is not the Senator of construction and the cost of operation in this country has going to deduct the cost of operating those ships, which the been so raised that it is impossible for us to construct ships in Government must pay? · this country without expending at least 50 per cent more than is Mr. NEWLANDS. I will speak of the cost of operating in ·a expended by other nations, and it is impossible to operate them moment, but I am afraid that the Senator is tempting me to without expending at least 50 per cent more. So, in order to go very much beyond the boundaries which I had imposed upon support a merchant marine in competition with the merchant myself. mar~e of other countries upon the high seas we not only Mr. GALLINGER. I will not further interrupt the Senator. ha.Ye to equal the subsidies which those nations now give, but Mr. NEWLANDS. I have not been "ery welJ, and I had we have to largely increase them. And even if this bill passes I intended to speak only about 10 minutes. I shall be glad if I can see from the utterances of the Senator from New Hampshire can conclude my remarks without any further interruption. · I that he has but little hope of any substantial result. am very glad to answer any question of the Senator, but I do Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President-- not wish to speak at length. The PRESIDING OFFICER: Does the Senator from Nevada Of course we will have the operation of these ships, and how yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? will we utilize them? We can utilize them, in purt, as training Mr. NEWLANDS. "I do. ships for our Naval Reserve, for the men who are ultimately to Mr. GALLINGER. I beg the Senator's pardon; I did not man our fighting ships. A floating training ship does not cost quite understand his observation concerning me. any more than a training sc:i:tool on land. Viewed just in that Mr. NEWLANDS. I said I could judge from the utterances light the ship is simply a floating boarding house or a floating of the Senator from New Hampshire that he has but little hope hotel, and as we intend to have a Naval Reserve and go to a of substantial result from this bill if it is passed. considerable expense for a Naval Reserve, why should we not Mr. GALLINGER. Will the Senator kindly quote those have that reserve at sea as well as on land, where its mainte­ utterances? nance costs no more and where that Naval Reserve is learninoo Mr. NEWLANDS. I can not quote them. If the Senator dis­ day by day the duties of its vocation? Then I can imagiu~ claims them, of course I shall accept his disclaimer. that a commission organized as this is, consisting of the Secre­ Mr. GALLINGER. I certainly do. tary of War, the Postmaster General, and the Secretary of the Mr. NEWLANDS. I had the impression from his remarks the Navy, could easily arrange in times of peace that these ships other day that he is not hopeful of any large results. He cer­ could be used under lease in opening up new routes of <'Om­ tainly did not expect the expenditure-to come up to the amount merce, and that thus the object of subsidizing a merchant which he states as the possible limit of $4,000,000 annually. marine would be accomplished. . l\Ir. GALLINGER. I do not immediately, most certainly. If The ships would open up these new routes of commerce, and the Senator will permit me, as I stated the other day, it will as they became profitable, then perhaps private shipping com­ take at lea.st from two to three yea.rs to construct these ships, panies would undertake the entire field. Meanwhile the ships during which time there will be practically no expenditure. would serve the useful purpose of being at hand at any time in After that it will depend upon the number of lines we succeed case of war and of serving during any other time as training in establishing. Not only have I hope, but I have a profound schools for our Naval Reserves. expectation that under the terms of the bill, if it shall become Man these ships even when they are employed in the mer­ a law, we will make very great strides toward rehabilitating chant marine, in part, by the Naval Reserve, and to that ex­ the American merchant marine. It will not do as much as I tent you reduce the operating cost to the private shipping com­ wish it might, but it will do a great deal, in my judgment. pany. ~o the operation of a line of ships impossible now would Mr. NEWLANDS. The Senator does then expect that under become possible by reason of the Government payinlY a part of the bill the limit provided in it of $4,000,000 annually will be the operation of the vessel itself. "' · reached? But what have we without this? We have a badly propor­ l\fr. GALLINGER. I have very great hopes that that result tioned Navy composed of fighting ships derelict in the ocean in will be accomplished. time of war, utterly unable to fight without the supporting Mr. NEWLANDS. I misunderstood the Senator, then, and ships, at a cost of $1,250,000,000 during the next 10 years. Is I accept his present statement. it not better to take during the next 10 years at least l\1r. President, assuming that $4,000,000 annually will be paid $100,000,000, less than 10 per cent of this total sum and apply out by the National Government in these mail subsidies, we it to making a well-proportioned Navy that can meet the ex­ will have the sum of $40,000 000 expended within 10 years. igencies of war? During that time, if I have understood the Senator from New l\Ir. President, I have no hope that this amendment can be Hampshire aright, he does not expect more than 30 ships to adopted at this time, though I have very gratifying evidence of be constructed under this subsidy, so that we will have a total a growth of sentiment on this fl oor in favor of this measure. subsidy of about $40,000,000 to private companies to aid them The first ally we had in it was the Senator from Maine, the in the construction of about 30 ships. chairman of the Committee on Naval Affairs, who some years The amendment which I have offered proposes that only ago as the result of this agitation largely increased the colliers $30,000,000 shall be expended for 30 ships of 6,500 tons capacity, of the Navy and assured us of a still further increase. The such ships as those plying some time ago between the port of Navy has already been compelled to build some colliers. The 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. tl821' bill to which I refer brought in three or four. It is no new Mr. RICHARDSON (when his name was called). I again thing. The Navy is riot to-day relying entirely upon privately announce my pair with the senior Senator from Maryland [Mr. owned ships for the carrying of its coal RAYNER]. This has no more suggestion of paternalism than the ap­ Mr. SMOOT (when Mr. SUTHERLAND'S name was called). I propriations already made. It is simply an attempt to measure desire to announce that my colleague [1\lr. SUTHERLAND] is up to the requirements of the situation, and, when it is im­ paired with the junior Senator from Minnesota. [Mr. CLAPP]. possible to get such ships from a merchant marine as it exists I will let this notice stand for the day. to-day and will be impossible even under this bill, to secure the Mr. WARREN (when his name was called). As announced ships without which our Navy will be as incapable in time of on the previous roll call, my regular pair, the Senator from l\Hs­ war as an Army would be without a quartermaster's depart­ sissippi [Mr. MoNEY], will stand paired with the junior Senator ment or without a commissary department. from · i ,wa [Mr. YOUNG], and I will vote. I vote "nay." The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on agreeing l\Ir. SCOTT (when Mr. W..ATSON's name was called)~ My to the amendment proposed as a substitute by the Senator from colleague (Mr. WATSON] is unavoidably absent from the Cham­ Nevada [Mr. NEWLANDS]. ber, having been temporarily called away on very important The amendment was rejected. business. The PRESIDI:KG OFFICER The question recurs on agree­ The roll call liaving been concluded, the result was an­ ing to the amendment proposed as a substitute by the Senator nounced-yeas 37, nays 39, as follows : from New Hampshire [Mr. GALLINGER]. . YEAS-37. 1\Ir. STONE. 1\Ir. President, I sent an amendment to the desk Bacon Culberson Martin Stone some days ago with a statement that I would in due time Bankhead Cummins Newlands Swanson propo ~e it as an amendment to this bill, and I now offer it. It Bourne Fletcher Overman Taliaferro Bristow Foster Owen Taylor may be observed that I ha\e somewhat changed the last clause Brown Frazier Paynter Terrell of tile amendment as printed. by adding the fo1lowing proviso: Burkett Gronn.a Percy Thornton Provided That all ships registered under the provii:;ions of this· sec­ Burton .Johnston Shively Tillman tion shall be entitled to all rights, benefits, and privileges granted by Chamberlain .Tones Simmons Clarke, Ark. La Follette Smith, Md. this act to any vessels of the United States. Crawford Mc Cumber Smith, S. C. What I seek to accomplish by this proviso is to allow foreign­ NA.YS-39. built Qhips when admitted to American registry, to ha\e every Borah Curtis Hale Piles right that 'would be enjoyed by American-built ships in bidding Bradley Dick Heyburn Root for these subsidized mail contracts, an(\ to have every other Brandegee Dillingham Kean Scott Briggs Dixon Lodge Smith, Mich. right and privilege conferred by this proposed enactment. In Burnham du Pont Lorimer Smoot other words if Americans should purchase a foreign-built ship, Burrows Flint Nixon Stephenson and should be the exclusfre owners thereof, I would give them Carter Frye Oliver Warner Clark, Wyo. Gallinger Page Warren the right to register it and confer upon it every right and privi­ Crane Gamble Penrose Wetmore leO'e granted by the provisions of this bill to American-made Cullom Guggenheim Perkins shlps. A.side from the particular privileges granted by this bill, NOT VOTING-15. the amendment I offer, taken as a whole, would expressly ex­ Aldrich Clapp Money Sutherland clude foreign-made ships from engaging in the coastwise trade. Bailey Davis Nelson Watson Beveridge Depew Rayner Young They would be expressly excluded from that trade, except that Bulkeley Gore Richardson under this act they might enjoy the same rights that would attach to American-built ships to call at the port south of Cape So Mr. STONE'S amendment to l\Ir. GALLINGER's substitute was Charles, as provided in the act, and as would be required by rejected. The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the the mail contract. l\Ir. President, as I discussed this whole subsidy question, -in­ substitute submitted by the Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. cludinO' the amendment I offer, on Monday last, three days ago, GALLINGER]. 0 I will not detain the Senate by further elaborating the subject Mr. OWEN. Mr. President, I deem it my duty to place on the at this time. I will now ask to ha>e the amendment read and record - of the Senate a formal protest, not only against the ship-subsidy bill ( S. 6708), but against the manner in which it submitted. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The amendment proposed by is being passed. the Senator from 1\Iissouri will be read. In the first place, it is being done by unanimous consent, taken The SECRETARY. Add to the amendment proposed by the at a time when the opposition to this bill was largely absent Senator from New Hampshire the following: from the Chamber attending to the duties of the Senate, and SEC. 2. That section 4132 of the Revised Statutes is hereby amended when, I am advised, there were about 15 or 20 Senators on the so as to read as follows : floor. " SEC 4132 Vessels built within the United States and belonging The unanimous consent of 15 Senators favorable to the bill wholly to citizens thereof, and vessels which may be captured in war by citizens of the United States and lawfully condemned as prize, or or indifferent to the bill is not the unanimous consent of the which may be adjudged to be forfeited for a breach of the laws of the Senate of the United States in any proper parliamentary sense. United States and seagoing vessels, whether steam or sail, wherever I do not think such a unanimous consent should. stand. I built and to engage only in h·ade with foreign countries or with the Phili'ppines or other island possessions of the United States, being wholly vigorously dissent from a unanimous consent obtained under owned by citizens of the United States or corporations organized and such circumstances. Had I been present I should emphatically chartered under the laws of tbe United States or of any State thereof, have refused consent to a vote upon this bill until it had been and whose stockholders are all citizens of the United States, and no others may be registered as directed in this title. Foreign-built vessels thoroughly discussed. re"istered pursuant to this act shall not, except as herein provided, But, in the second place, l\fr. President, I protest against the . engage in the coastwise trade: Provided, '.rhat all ships registered under the provisions of this section shall be entitled to all rights, bene­ Senate, as at present constituted, exercising the power to fix fits, and privileges granted by this act to any vessels of the United a subsidy amounting to millions of dollars upon the American States. J'OOple, for the sopnd reason that on the 8th of November last The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on the amend­ the American people repudiated the Sixty-first Congress now in ment proposed by the Senator from l\Iissouri [l\1r. STONE] to the session, and elected a very different set of men. substitute proposed by the Senator from New Hampshire [l\Ir. They not only chose a different set of men, Mr. President, but GALLINOER]. they chose a set of men notoriously opposed to the ship subsidy. Mr. STONE. Mr. President, I ask for the yeas and nays. They chose a set of men pledged to the policy of reducing taxes The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded favorable to special interests and unfavorable to the people. to call the roll. The only proper and becoming course, in my opinion which Mr. BULKELEY (when his name was called). I announce this Senate and this Congress could pursue under the ~ircum­ that I am paired with the junior Senator from Texas [Mr. stances is to adjourn sine die, on the broad ground that they no BAILEY]. If be were present, he would vote "yea" and I longer have the moral or ethical right to exercise the legislative should vote " nay." powers of the people of the United States. I concede, Mr. Presi­ !!fr. OWEN (when Mr. GoRE's name was called). I an­ dent, that this Congress has the legal right, but it has no moral nounce the pair of my colleague [Mr. GoBE] with the senior right, it has no ethical right, in good conscience to pass any law Senator from Kew York [Mr. DEPEW]. which would not be passed by the newly chosen representatives Mr. SMITH of .1\iaryland (when Mr. RAYNER'S name was of the American people. Such conduct is identical with the con­ called) . My colleague the Senator from Maryland [Mr. RAY­ duct of an agent who, knowing that his successor had been NER] is absent. He· is paired with the junior Senator from appointed, should make haste to commit his principal to a pol­ Delaware [.Mr. RICHARDSON]. If he were here, my colleague icy he knew was obnoxious to his principal before his successor would vote "yea." could arrive as a physical fact. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE. FEBRUARY 2,

. I regard such conduct grossly unjust. and in its essence dis­ after built. It speaks for itself, and it. seems to . me it does creditable, and I regard it my duty to i;iay so. There is no neces­ not need any argument to show that any moneys expended out" sity whatever, in my opinion, for granting these ship subsidies. of the Federal Treasury for the purpose of encouraging the· There is no necessity and there is no justification for giving the establishment of steamship lines should only be spent u~n ves­ owners of these ships money out of the Public Treasury without sels that are built pursuant to the provisions of the act. corresponding benefits to the people from whom these taxes are · It may be said that the vessels for which this money will be taken. expended will necessarily be hereafter constructed; that there The merchant marine can easily be built up by other means, are no vessels now or at any rate very few that could come in which would operate equitably upon all the people and would under the provisions of the bill. That is simply an argument not invol"Ve special privilege to the few at the expense of the why we should make it more certain in the bill. This simply many. gives assurance that if any money is spent under the bill it will The first method would be free ships; the second method bring some new ships under the American flag to engage in our would be free materials for shipbuilding; and the third method ocean business. would be by discriminating taxes in favor of American ships. While I am on my feet I want to say a few words, l\fr. Presi­ If an American citizen had the right to buy or build a ship dent, in regard to the substitute bill. I have never belie-red that anywhere, giving it the benefit of American registry law and we would accomplish very much by subsidies or subventions or with the right to fly the American flag on it, nothing more extra mail contract pay in the building up of our merchant would be necessary to cover the high seas with ships flying marine; but I have been willing to vote for any proposition that the American flag. Instead of this special privilege, through a majority of this body or any other legislative branch of the manipulating the politics of this country and controlling the Government belie-red would upbuild our merchant marine. I statutes of this country, has imposed an enormous tax upon have been perfectly willing to put aside my personal opinion any ship built elsewhere or bought elsewhere when it enters with reference to these plans and to abide by the judgment of this country. Granting subsidies will not build up the shipyards the majority; but I feel satisfied that the only way we will of this country. · It will ,merely take the taxes of the. American ever build up the American merchant marine will be by the people and give it to special favorites. If we should remove ancient policy of years ago; that is, by discriminating duties, the duty on all shipbuilding materials, it would build up the and I think in the Fifty-sixth or Fifty-seventh Congress I shipyards of America, employ labor, and build, up our merchaut introduced a bill along those lines. marine. The American people are, in my opinion, opposed to I know there are objections to that policy, bnt it does not giving bonuses, to giving .gratuities, or to giving bounties to the seem to me that they are of very great weight-not so weighty or few at the expense of the many; and having voted out of power sound as are the objections to this policy. I listened with those who believed in such a doctrine, th.e country is now pre­ very much interest a few days ago to the remarks of the sented with the spectacle of the repudiated agents in Congress Senator from l\fassachusetts [l\fr. LODGE], who said that he had attempting to pass a measure after they have been repudiated formerly held to this opinion, but by his service on the Mer­ and before the arrival of the legislative authorities who truly e.hunt Marine Commission and by reason of the testimony that represent the will of the American people. I r~sp~ctfully invite was presented to that commission, he had changed his mind in those who control this body by the present maJority to perform that regard. The reasons that he gave did not appeal very their duty to· the American people by adjourning sine die, in strongly to me. One of those reasons was that it would take order that the newly elected representatives of the people, a great deal of money out of the Treasury of the United States those who really represent the American people, be given an in the rebate of duty. It would not take this money out of the oppQrtunity to pass the appropriation bills and other legislation Treasury unless it accomplished the _purpose desired, unless of immediate necessity. · it brought foreign goods into this country in American ships, What right bas this, the Sixty-first Congress, having been and that is the very purpose of all this legislation and so much repudiated by the people of the United States, to pass appro~ desired by all of us. If by a policy of that character the reve­ priation bills amounting to a thousand million dollars and fix t~e nues of this Government would be diminished fifteen or twenty fiscal policy of the United Stat.es up to July 1, 1912, wh~n th~s million dollars, it would mean a tremendously large American Congress had been repudiated m November, 19~0? Is th1~ .fan· shipping flying the American flag; and, as was sugge ted, I and right? Is it right as a moral or as an ethical. :Qropos1tI~n? think hy the Senator from Georgia [Mr. BACON], it would not Mr. President, it is a part and parcel of the ancient machme necessarily follow that the revenues of the Treasury would be politics which has laid down the rules for government and diminished ; in fact, they would very likely be increased. which takes out of the hands of the American people the means Another source of opposition to such a policy has been the of making effective the will of the American people in the legis­ fact that we have a great many treaties existing with the lative halls of this country. It is my judgment that the proper principal commercial nations of the earth. That is h·ue; but conduct for the third session of the Sixty-first Congress is to every one of those treaties has a provision in it that it can b~ pass an act declaring that all future Congresses shall meet on terminated upon one year's notice. I am satisfied that it will the first Monday in December after the regular biennial elec­ be more than one year by far before we will have any new tions; that the Sixty-second Congress shall meet immediately ships, even under the proposition submitted here. They say upon the adjournment of the Sixty-first Congress, and that the that to abrogate them will invite tariff wars. I doubt it, but Sixty-first Congress do now adjourn. if it does we are better fitted to wage such a war than any Knowing its futility and having but a faint hope of any other nation on earth and could wage it with far more hope of response, nevertheless I make the appeal to those in control of success than we can wage the mail-contract war. the Senate and who have the power of government, to adopt There is another reason why I am especially opposed to tllis this course. I appeal to their conscience and sense of propriety substitute, and that is this: It means nothing to the Pacific that this is right. I appeal to them to acknowledge the rec­ coast. I am not a sectionalist. As I have said, I ha-re been · titude of the doctrine that the will of the American people should willing to vote for the various bills along this line heretofore, prevail, and that the newly chosen representatives who enter­ but they have been whittled down and whittled down unti.l it tain a different view of government from the Sixty-first Con­ seems to me this substitute is absolutely unfair. It simply Ci'ln­ gress should be allowed to represent the American people with­ fines the ships that will be built under it to the trade with out further delay; and that the Sixty-first Congress, no longer South America. No provision is made for the trans-Pacific representing the will of the American people, should not usurp trade or for the trade with Aush·a1asia. this power merely because it has a technical legal right. Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President-- A legal right ought to be identical with a moral and ethical The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Washing­ right. Whenever a man with a legal right finds that he is ton yield to the Senator from New Hampshire? exercising it contrary to the law of good conscience it seems .Mr. JONES. Certainly. to me, Mr. President, that a high-minded man would refuse to Mr. GALLINGER. The Senator has not read the substitute. exercise such a legal power. This is the substitute: Mr. JO ... JES. I offer the amendment which I send to the That the Postmaster General is hereby authorized to pay for ocenn desk. mail service, under the act of March 3, 1891, in vessels of the second The VICE PRESIDENT. The amendinent to the proposed class on routes to South America south of the Equator, to the Philip­ substitute will be stated. pines, to Japan, to China, and to .Australasia. The S ECRETARY. After the word " vessels," in line 3, on page 1 Mr. JONES. That is not the substitute that I have here in of the substitute, it is proposed to insert the words " he.reafter my hand, proposed by the Senator from New Hampshire on built," and after the word "vessels," in line 7, to insert the January 9, 1911. - words " hereafter built." Mr. GALLINGER. No; the Senator from New Hampshire Mr. JONES. l\1r. · President, the effect of this amendment is asked permission-which was bis right under the rules-to to limit any expenditures under the substitute to vessels here- modify his substitute. 1911: ·· -..__ , CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. il823

Mr. JONES. I did not know that that right had been granted and it is largely out of deference to his wisdom, fairness, or that the Senator had asked for it. anc~ liberal consideration of this question that makes me will­ Mr: GALLINGER. That right has been granted. ing to vote for this substitute. Many times heretofore when Mr. JONES. That takes away some part of the objection. this matter has been up I have pressed an amendment such as Mr. GALLINGER. I hope it takes it all .away. proposed. Such an amendment was adopted in another legis­ Mr. JONES. I think not. My recollection is that it reads lath~ e body several years ago when this same matter was pend­ " to the Philippines and Australasia,'' but not to China · or .ing. It may be true that there are only two ships, and those Japan. ships on the Pacific coast, that would be excluded if this amend­ Mr. GALLINGER. I beg the Senator's pardon. I will read ment were adopted, and yet it does seem to me that the pos­ it again: sibilities are that under the inducement offered by this bill To the Phlllppfnes, to Japan, to China, and to Australasia. coastwise ships might be taken out of that trade and placed Mr. JONES. That makes it very much better. That takes on some of the lines proposed here simply for the purpose away that objection, and I am very glad indeed that the Sen­ of getting the compensation provided in this bill. ator has modified his former substitute along those lines, be­ I do think, if we are to pass a measure of this character­ cause I can see absolutely no justification for the failure to in­ taking money out of the Treasury for this purpose, which it i.s clude Jines to the Orient in the original substitute. admitted is more than is really necessary as a just compensa­ As to the substitute as it now is, I simply desire to call at­ tion for carrying the mails, but in the hope tha,.t we may de­ tention to the fact that a measure of this character has been velop vessels that will be useful in connection with the Navy­ reported by the committee quite a number of times, · and has that we should at least confine this expenditure to vessels that been recommended by many Presidents. In the report sub­ are hereafter built, and built under the direction and subject mitted to the Senate by the Committee on Commerce on March to the approval of the Secretary of the Navy. I hardly feel 7, 1910, it is stated: like withdrawing the amendment; but I shall not ask for the The President of the United States in his annual message of Decem­ yeas and nays, so far as I am concerned. ber 7, 1909, to this Congress earnestly recommends the passage of this .Mr. GALLINGER. Then, Mr. President, let us have a vote legislation, as his predecessors, President McKinley and President on the amendm·ent. Roosevelt, have recommended· similar legislation. President Taft said: " Following the course of my distinguished predecessor, I earnestly The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to pecommend to Congress the consideration and passage of a ship subsidy the amendment of the Senator from Washington [Mr. JONES] bill, looking to the establishment of lines between our Atlantic seaboard to the substitute offered by the Senator from ]\few Hampshire and the eastern coast of South America. as well as lines from the west coast of the United States to South America, China, Japan, and the [Mr. GALLINGER]. . Philippines." Mr. PERKINS. Mr. President, in connection with the re­ . I shall not take the time of the Senate further. I shall sup­ marks of the .Senator from Washington [Mr. JONES], I desire port the substitute of the Senator from New. Hampshire as it to have read telegrams from the owners of the Oceanic Steam­ h as been modified, not because it suits me in every respect, not ship Co. ; also from the Merchant .Marine League of California because I believe it is really the best thing to do, but because I and the Chamber of Commerce. hope it is a step that will result in some ships flying the Ameri­ The VICE PRESIDENT. Without objection, the Secretary can flag engaging in the trade across the Pacific and in the trade will read the telegrams. to South America. I am willing to take the judgment of men The Secretary read as follows: SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., Januarv 10, 1911. wiser than and just as devoted to the interests of the.people as Hon. GEORGE c. PERKINS, I am and who are desirous of seeing American ships entering Washitngton, D. 0.: the ports of the world with our products just the same as I am. Australian-United States trade over fifty million annually bein" 60 I hope this measure will accomplish its purpose. If it does not, per cent greater than entire west coast South America. is capable of imm~nse expansi~n if mall facilities improved by direct connection. we will try another plan, and will keep on until we do succeed If nothrng else possible, monthly sailing should be provided for follow­ in showing our flag in the marts of the world. ing route : San Francisco, Honolulu, Tutuila, and Sydney, in vessels I hope, however, that my amendment will be agreed to. 6,000 tons, at 15 knots speed. Maximum compensation, $4 per mile. Total payments yearly not to exceed $350,000. This would establish Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, the only objection I have at least moderate means of. communication with a most important to the amendment submitted by the honorable Senator from market ; would satisfy Hawaiians with more frequent steam communi­ Washington [Mr. JONES] is, that at best, if the bill is left as cation; would bring Tutuila Naval Station in direct touch with United States, and return to United States some of trade now being diverted the substitute reads, there are probably not more than two to Canada through means of liberal subsidies paid by Canada. ships in the United States that could fulfill the requirements F. S. SAMUELS, of the law and go into the service; and those ships, as probably For OCEANIC STEAMSHIP Co. the Senator knows, are in his own section of the country-the SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., Januar11 9. 1911. ships that were tied up three years ago by the Oceanic Line Hon. GEORGE c. PERKINS, . and are now rotting at their cables in the harbor of San Fran­ United States Senate, Washington, D. O.: cisco. Those ships were built according to designs approved by Ad!1itional argument will be t~at Australasian service would supply the Navy Department; they are seaworthy in every respect; Tutu1la· American naval station with regular communication with United States. they were in the trade between San Francisco and Australasia F. S. SAMUELS, for a time, and did most excellent service, but the pay was For OCEANIC STEAMSll!!' Co. inadequate, and they surrendered. Mr. President, I think if those ships were given an opportunity to reengage in the trade SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., Januarv 9, 191.1. Hon. GEORGl!l c. PERKINS, at an adequate compensation, it would be well. If they are United States Senate, Washington, D. 0.: denied the privilege, it is not going to increase the number of GALLINGER'S revised ocean mall bill eliminating Australasia wm cause ships over which the American flag might fly, but more likely ~acific coast to be great sufferer, in view of present and future diver­ will decrease. the number. I quite regret that the Senator is sion to Canada of Australasian traffic. Australasia is far more im· portant to Pacific coast than are Chile and Peru. so insistent upon his amendment. . F. S. SAMUELS, I have no interest in this matter, of course, other than an For OCEANIC STEA~SHIP Co. interest in the development in the trade to South America and SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., January 10, 191.1. the trade of the Pacific coast with the Orient; and r have Hon. GEORGE c ..P ERKINS, always been in favor of the provision that is now in the sub­ United States Se-nate, Washington, D. O.: stitute. I did at first leave it out upon the importunities of Replying to your telegram of the 9th to C. C. Henion, the Merchant other people; but when I looked . the matter over again ·it Marine League of California feels keenly the injustice of eliminating trans-Pacific routes, and particularly that to Australia and New Zealand, seemed to me that equity and justice demanded that the pro­ from a mail-subsidy bill, and fe-els, moreover, that the entire Pacific vision in regard to lines on the Pacific should be reincorporated. slope is suffering from unjust discrimination. However, as any bill fa­ I placed it back in the substitute upon my own volition, and I voring, even in a remote manner, an American merchant marine iis bet­ ter than none, we would urge your support of the Gallinger measure, am glad it pleases the Senator that I did. So, Mr. President, provided no favorable amendment can be made thereto; but in so doing I wish that the Senator would withdraw his amendment and we reserve our rights to voice our feelings and to resent what we con· let us have a vote upon the substitute as it stands. I appeal sider an injustice to our coast. MERCHANT MARINE LEAGUE OF CALIF-OR!iIA. · to the Senator to do that. ANDREW CARRIGAN, President. - Mr. JONES. Mr. President, I appreciate the friendship of the Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. GALLINGER] for the SAN FR.A.NCisco, CAL., Januarv 9-10, JJJJ.1. American merchant marine. I know that he is working in Hon. G~oRGE c. PERKINS, . re~ onse to hat h b li t b t . ti d t f I United States Senate, Washington, D. O.. >:>P W e e eves O e a · P~ rio c. ~ Y and or. a See administration and urge great importance to Pacific coast and patriotic purpose, and he has shown his patriotism and fair- I United States in general to have Australasia included in the shipping ness in extending the provisions of his substitute. I know he I ~ill. Pr~ctically entire freight now being divert~d t? Canada and great has ·no special i;iterests to serve. I know he is acting solely ~~~~~ v:~aeu~~s~1ii.oss to lack of our commumcat1on between Pacifi~ 1 for wba.t he believes to be for the good of the whole country, 'il'HE CHAMBER OF COMMERC.EJ OF SL~ FRA... "iCUCO . XLVI-115. 11824 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 2,

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., Dec.ember B, 191(). Mr. President,. there is nothing. sectional in this matter, so far Hon. GEORGE. C. PERKINS, United Stmte& Senate,. Washington,. D. O.~ as I am concerned. We haye one little seaport in my Stste. Canadian Government just approved-ship subsidy $425,000 annuall:y. It has a glorious history. Out of that seaport John Paul Jones: Vancouver, Auckland, Sydney, lB trips yearly, 15 k:n()ts.. Contrast this sailed the Ranum· and went out to conquer the navies of the action with hitherto apathetic att:l.tude of United Sta,tes toward its world. At one time we built ships there-some of the great oeean mail service and foreign commerce relations. GALLINGE.R's pro­ posed amendment to. postal act 91 WE>uld enable, ve~sels to compet~ for clipper ships that brought such renown to this country-but the Australasian trade, which otherwise a.s at present will be almost entirely commercial importance of Portsmouth has passed away, and diverted to Canada. F. s. SAMITTJLS, possibly no ship ever will be built there again. So I have no. For OCEANIC STEAKS.Hll' Co. personal or State stake in this issue. But I do feel, Mr. Presi­ dent, that I have done no more than my duty in my humble, The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the way year in and year out to advocate measures that gave us amendment of the Senator from Washington to the substitute of some hope that the American merchant marine might be re­ the Senator from New Hampshire. habilitated. and our flag again seen on the oceans of the world. The amendment to the substitute was rejected. Mr. President, it is inconceivable to me that this great Nation · Ur. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. President2 I am in favor .o.f should spend $500,000,000 to· build the Panama Canal, and when such legislation as will be most likely to permanently rehatnli­ it is built no vessel carrying the American flag, except in the tate the American merchant marine. I believe in closer commer­ coastwise trade or on the yacht ot a multimillionaire or on a cial relations between all the countries of the Western He_mi­ battleship of the United States, will pass through it unless we do this sphere1 and if I thought bill was calculated to permanently something to rehabilitate our merchant marine. If Senatoi~s secure this result I would vote-for it. If, however, this bounty is choose to put our Nation in that position, theirs is the duty and hereafter withdrawn, owing to political differences, such as have· theirs the responsibility. I have done my work as best I could. been revealed in the votes already taken, our situation would be It is the last effort I shall ever make in this direction, and i even more pitiable than it is to-day, and the false hope held out prophesy to-day that if this bill fails, whether it be by the votes to shipbuilders would recoil to vex us and defeat more substan­ of Republicans or the votes of Democrats, it will be a long time. tial efforts in the future. in the future before any measure will be enacted by the- Con­ I ff).vor a reasonable discriminative customs duty as· the. best gress of the United States that will in the least degree restore means of insuring a revival of American shipping, so firmly the American fiag to the- oceans of the world and give us that established in our political system that it will not be affected by prestige among the nations of the earth that this mighty, wealthy, temporary politieal storms, but, inasmuch as such an amend­ transcendent Nation of. ours is entitled to. Again I say, Sen­ ment would affect the revenues of the Government and legisla- . ators, yours is the duty and yours the responsibility of the vote tion of this character must originate in the House of Represen­ you .cast. · . tatives, I am precluded from taking the sense of the Senate The. VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agFeeing to the upon that question to-day, and shall t~erefore content. myself substitute offe:red ~Y the Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. by voting against the b.ill!. ~ do so witb some reluctance .be­ GALLINGER}. cause of my high regard for its autborr and foremost champion, Mr. BEVERIDGE and Mr. . SHIVELY demanded the yeas the distinguished Senator from New Hampshire, whose intelli­ and nays, and they were ordered aent and persistent efforts are worthy ~f his great eanse, but The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. tlie importance of the subject and myi deep conviction that it is Mr. BULKELEY (when his named was called}. I again an­ unwise. ta thus expend the pnbllc: money is my sole reason for nounce my pair with the junior Senator from Texas [Mr: differing with him at this time. BAILEY}. If he were present, be WQuld vote 'cnay 1 ~ and I Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President,. I do not q:uite understand should vote " yea." how a Senator- squares. his. conscience with either himself or ~Ir. ROOT (when Mr. DEPEw's name was called). I again anybody else when he makes any great .dis?n~tion ootw~n annonnee- the pair of my colleague witll the Senator from Okla- takin..g mOn.ey under the old system of discrunmating duties homa [Mr. GoRE]. · be!ore it reaches the Treasury or- allows it to come into the: Mr. PERCY (when Mr. MoNEY s name was called}. I an­ Treasury and paiys it out afterwards. I have never been able­ nounce the absence ot my colleague on account of sickness. ta discover the remarkable difference en that point with which He is paired with the Senator from Wyoming [Mr-. WARREN]. some· public men seem to be imbuepose this Burton Gronna Shively Thornton trifling appr.opriation from the Treasury of the Urnted States Chamherlaln J"ohnston Simmons Tillman for this purpose? " I did not oppose it. As an eastern man, I Clarke, Ark. La Follette Smith, Md. voted for it as I have voted for all such appropriations, and as NOT VOTING-13. every New England Senator has· voted for all the appropriations Aldrich Davis Rayner Young Bailey Depew Richardson that have tended to de-velop and make great the western section Bulkele;v. Gore Sutherland of this country. Clapp Money Watson 1911. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1825

The VICE PRESIDENT. On the question i,f agreeing to the I who would vote "nay," with the junior Senator from Iowa substitute of the Senator from Ne'Y Hampshire the yeas are·39 [Mr: YOUNG], who would vote" yea." I vote" yea." and the nays are 39. The Chair votes in the affirmative. The The roll call having been concluded, it resulted-yeas 39, yeas have it, and the substitute is adopted. nays 30, as follows: The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the YEAS-39. amendment was concurred in. Brndley Curtis Heyburn Perkins Br~degee Dick Jones Piles · 1\Ir. STONE. I offer the following amendment. Briggs Dillingham Kean Root The VICE PRESIDENT. The ·senator from Missouri offers Burkett Dixon Lod ~e Scott an amendment, which the Secretary will report. Burnham du Pont Lorimer Smoot Burrows Flint Nelson Stephenson The SECRETARY. It is proposed to add to the bill· the fol­ Carter Frye Nixon Warner lowing: Clark, Wyo. Gallinger Oliver Warren SEC. 2. That section 4132 of the Revised Statutes is hereby amended Crane Guggenheim Page Wetmore so as to r ead as follows : Cullom Hale Penrose "SEC. 4132. Vessels built within the United States and belongi..ng NAYS-39. wholly to citize-ns thereof, and vessels which may be captured in war Bacon Crawford Mccumber Emith, Mich. by citizens of the United States and lawfully condemned as prize, or Bankhead Culberson Martin Smith, S. C. which may be adjudged to be forfeited for a breach of the laws of Beveridge Cummins Newlands Stone the United States, and seagoing vessels, whether steam or sail, wherever Borah Fletcher Overman Swanson built, and to engage only in trade with foreign countries or with the Bourne Foster Owen Taliaferro Philippine or other ii;.lnnd possessions of the United States, being Bristow Frazier Paynter Taylor wholly owned by citizens of the United States or corporations organ­ Brown Gamble Percy 'l'errell ized and chartered under the laws of the United States or of any State Burton Gronna Shively Thornton the1·eof, and whose stockholders are all citizens of the United States, Chamberlain Johnston Simmons Tillman anrl no others, may be registered as directed in this title. Foreign­ Clarke, Ark. Smith, Md. buil t vessels registered pursuant to this act shall not engage in the La Follette coastwi!~e trade ; but such ve-sels shall be entitled to all other benefits NOT VOTING-13. and privileges given to vessels of the. United States." Aldrich Davis Rayner YoUPDg The VICE PRESIDENT. The question is on agreeing to the Bailey Depew Richardson Bulkeley Gore Sutherland nml1Ildment offered by the Senator from Missouri. Clapp Money Watson Mr. STONE. On that I ask for the yeas and nays. The VICE PRESIDENT. On the passage of the bill the The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded yeas are 39 and the nays are 39. The Chair votes in the to call the roll. affirmative. The yeas have it, and the bill is passed. Mr. WARREN (when his name was called). Again amiounc­ ing the pair of the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. 1\foNEY] with SENATOR FROM ILLINOIS. the Senator from Iowa [Mr. YOUNG], I vote "nay." Mr. JONES. Mr. President, I wish to give notice that after Mr. RICHARDSON (when his name was called). I again the routine morning business on next Tuesday. I will deliver :mnounce my pair with the senior Senator from Maryland [Ur. some remarks on the Illinois election case. RAYNER]. ALASKAN COAL LANDS. The result was announced-yeas 37, nays 40, as follows: Mr. NELSON. I move that the Senate proceed to the con­ YEAS-37. sideration of the bill ( S. 9955) to provide for the leasing of coal Bacon Culberson Martin Stone and coal lands in the Territory of Alaska. Bankhead Cummins New lands Swanson Beveridge Fletcher · Overman Taliaferro Mr. BORAH. Mr. President, I rise to a parliamentary in- Bourne Foster Owen Taylor quiry. I ask if the motion is subject to amendment? Bristow Frazier Paynter Terrell The VICE PRESIDENT. It is not. Brown Gronna Percy Thornton Burton Johnston Shively Tillman Mr. BORAH. Upon the motion I call for the yeas and nays. Chamberlain Jones Simmons The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Minnesota moves Clarke, Ark. La Follette Smith, Md. the present consideration of the bill { S. 9055) to provide for Crawford Mccumber Smith, S. C. the leasing of coal and coal lands in the Territory of Alaska, NAYS-40. and upon that question the Senator from Idaho asks for tile Borah Curtis Hale Perkins yeas and nays. Bradley Dick Heybmn Piles Brandegee Dillingham Kean Root Mr. HALE. Mr. President, I. move that the Senate do now Briggs Dixon Lodge Scott adjourn. Burnham du Pont Lorimer Smith, Mich. The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Maine moves Burrows Flint Nelson Smoot Carter F1·ye Nixon Stephenson that the Senate do now adjourn. Clark, Wyo. Gallinger Oliver Warner Mr. BORAH. Mr. President-- Crane Gamble Page Warren Cullom Guggenheim The VICE PRESIDENT. That motion is not debatable~ Penrose Wetmore Mr. BORAH. I am not seeking to debate it, but I ask for the NOT VOTING-14. yeas and nays upon the motion to adjourn. Aldrich Clapp Money Watson Bailey Davis Rayner Young The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded Bulkeley Depew Richardson to call the roll. Burkett Gore Sutherland Mr. WARREN (when his name was called). Making the So Mr. STONE'S amendment was rejected. same announcement as before as to the pair of the Senator from The VICE PRESIDENT. If there be no further amendment Mississippi [Mr. MoNEY] with the Senator from Iowa [Mr• . offered in the Senate, the question is on the engrossment and YouNo], I vote "yea." third reading of the bill. The roll call was concluded. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, and Mr. GALLINGER. I have been requested to announce that it was read the third time. the Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE] is paired with the Senator The VICE PRESIDENT.. The question. is, Shall the bill pass? from Georgia [Mr. BACON]. Mr. SIDVELY. On that I ask for the yeas and nays. · Mr. BACON (after having voted in the negative). I have The yeas and nays were ordered, and the Secretary proceeded a pair with the junior Senator from Maine [Mr. FRYE]. I did to call the roll. not know of his absence. I withdraw my vote. Mr. JOHNSTON (when Mr. BAILEY'S name was called). The Mr. ROOT. I ask that note be taken of the pair of my col• Senator from Texas [Mr. BAILEY] is paired with the Senator league · [Mr. DEPEW] with the Senator from Oklahoma .[Mr. from Connecticut [Mr. BULKELEY]. GoRE] on this and any other roll call that there may be to-day. Mr. OWEN (when Mr. GoRE's name was called). 1\Iy col­ Mr. RICHARDSON. I am paired with the senior Senator league [Mr. GORE] is paired with the Senator from New York from Maryland [Mr. RAYNER]. I transfer my pair to the ·[Mr. DEPEW]. . junior Senator from Illinois [Mr. LORIMER] and vote "yea." 1\1r. SMITH of Maryland (when Mr. RAYNER'S name was The roll call resulted-yeas 37, nays 37, as follows: called). My colleague [Mr. RAYNER] is paired with the Sena­ YEAS-37. tor from Delaware [Mr. RICHARDSON]. If my colleague were Bradley Curtis Kean Root present, he would vote "nay." Brandegee Dick Lodge Scott Mr. RICHARDSON (when his name was called). I again Briggs Dillingham Mccumber Smith, Mich. Bulkeley du Pont Nelson Smoot announce my pair with the senior Senator from Maryland [Mr. Burnham Flint Nixon Step.henson RAYNER]. If he were present, he would vote "nay," and I Burrows Gallinger Oliver Warren would vote " yea." Burton Gamble Page Wetmore Carter Guggenheim Penrose Mr. WARREN (when his name was called). I again an­ Crane Hale Perkins nounce the pair of the Senator from Mississippi [Mr. MONEY], Cullom Heyburn Richardson ~1826 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. / FEBRUARY 2,

NAYS-37. every amendment: There will be no effort made to avold it, Bankhead erawford Martin Swanson certainly. Beveridge Culberson New lands Taliaferro Bornh Cummins Overman Taylor Mr. SMALL. May that be done upon request of a Member? Bom·ne Dixon Paynter Terrell Mr. ALEXANDER of New York. Yes. Bristow · Fletcher Percy Thornton Mr. S.MALL. If that may be done upon the request of a Brown Ft·azier Shively Tillman Burkett Gronna Simmons Warner Member, then I have no objection at the present time. In fact, Chamberlain ;Johnston Smith, Md. I would prefer to await the action of the conference committee Clark, Wyo. ;Jones Smith, S. C. before asking for a separate vote on any amendment. Clarke, Ark. La Follette Stone NOT VOTING-17. The SPEAKER. The Chair hears no objection, and an­ nounces as conferees Mr. ALEXANDER of New York, Mr. LAw­ .Aldrich Depew Money Watson Bacon Foster Owen Young BENCE, and Mr. SPARK.MA~. Bailey Frye Piles Clapp Gore Rayner LEAVE TO PRINT. Davis Lorimer Sutherland Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to have The VICE PRESIDENT. On the motion of the Senator from printed in the RECORD an editorial taken from the Price Cur­ l\Iaine that the Senate adjourn the yeas are 37 and the nays rent, of Wichita, Kans., on January 28, regarding the parcels are 37. The Chair votes in the affirmative. The yeas have it, post, together with a short statement of ·my own. This and the Senate stands adjourned. editorial is based on the remarks I made here on that one The Senate accordingly (at 5 o'clock and 20 minutes p. m.) subject. adjourned until to-morrow, Friday, February 3, 1911, at 12 The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Indiana asks unani­ o'clock m. mous consent to have printed in the RECORD in connection with his remarks on the parcels post an editorial from a Wichita, --,~ Kans., paper. Is there objection? · HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Mr. PAYNE. I submit that the gentleman ought oot to occupy the time of the House in that way in the morning hour, THURSDAY, February 13, 1911. \ but ought to get time in Committee of the Whole in the usual \ way. I object. The House met at 12 o'clock noon. The SPEAKER. Objection is made. The Chaplain, Rev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offerlild the fol­ lowing prayer : AGRICULTUBAL APPROPRIATION BILL. Our Father in heaven, impress us, we beseech Thee, with the Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House resolve fact that time waits on no man, lest we become laggards in the itself into the Committee of the Whole House on the state of grand, eternal march of existence under the spiritual leadership the Union for the consideration of the agricultural appropria­ of the world's great Exemplar. tion bill (H. R. 31596). Touched by the sad and pathetic death of one of the em­ 1\fr. LAMB. I ask unanimous consent that the time for gen­ ployees of this House, who for a quarter of a century has filled eral debate on this bill be extended one hour, half to be used his place with singular fidelity, we pray most fervently for his on that side and half on this. · aged and grief-stricken wife, that she may be encouraged to The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Kansas moves that look forward with hope to a world where parting comes no the House resolve itself into the Committee of the Whole House more ; and Thine be the praise forever. Amen. on the state of the Union for consideration of the agricultural MESSAGE FROM THE SXNATE. bill, pending which the gentleman from Virginia asks unani­ mous consent that the time for general debate upon this bill A message from the Senate, by Mr. Crockett, one of its clerks, may be extended for one hour. Is there objection? announced that the Senate had passed bill and joint resolution There was no objection. of th~ following titles, in which the concurrence of the House of The motion was agreed to. Representatives was requested: Accordingly the House resolved itself into the Committee of S. 10431 . .An act to authorize the Argenta Railway Oo. to con­ the Whole House on the state of the Union for the further con­ struct a bridge across the Arkansas River between the cities of sideration of the agricultural appropriation bill (H. R. 31596), Little Ilock and Argenta, Ark. ; and with Mr. GAINES in the chair. S. J. Res.132. Joint resolution authorizing the delivering to Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Chairman, owing to circumstances which I the commander in chief of the United Spanish War Veterans of did not seem to be able to control, but for the results of which I one or two dismounted bronze ca.nllon. ha·rn few personal regrets, my membership in the House of Rep­ The message also announced that the Senate had passed with­ resentatives will cease on the 4th of March. In the 10 years out amendment bill of the following title: during which I have been honored with a seat in this Chamber H. R.15342. An act to reimburse Charles K. Darling for the work which has engaged the greater part of my attention moneys necessarily expended by him as clerk of the court of has been that which came before the Committee on Agriculture. appeals for the first circuit. It has been intensely interesting work, dealing as it has with SENATE BILL AND JOINT RESOLUTION REFERRED. every measure brought before the Congress relating in any way to the great basic industry of our people, and having jlll·isdiction Under clause 2 of Rule XXIV, Senate bill and joint resolu­ and supervision over the thousandfold activities of the great De­ tion of the following titles were taken from the Speaker's table partment of Agriculture, and I do not mind confessing that I and referred to their appropriate committees, as indicated shall lay it down with reluctance tempered by the 1."Tiowledge below: · that I have given to it all that was in me to give. [Applause.] S.10431. An act to authorize the Argenta Railway Co. to con­ Partly because of my deep interest in it, partly because I am struct a bridge across the Arkansas River, between the cities leavil!g it. and partly because the decade of my service upon of Little Rock and Argenta, Ark.; to the Committee on Inter- this committee happens to be coincident with our decennial state and Foreign Commerce; and - census period, so that we have now come to the time when S. J. Res.132. Joint resolution authorizing the delivering to the Nation is taking stock of the progress it has made during the commander in chief of the United Spanish War Veterans of these 10 years, I have felt that instead of devoting this pre­ one or two dismounted bronze cannon ; to the Committee on liminary hour to discussion 9f the pending bill, which I believe Military Affairs. can be sufficiently considered under the five-minute rule, I RIVERS AND HARBORS APPROPRIATION BILL. should like to review the growth and development of the great Mr. ALEXANDER of New York. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani­ Department of Agriculture during this period, to recall some mous consent to take from the Speaker's table the rivers and of its more notable achievements, and perhaps to submit some harbors appropriation bill (H. R. 28632), to disagree to the observations touching agricultural conditions throughout the Senate amendments, and ask for a conference. country generally that may serve to show the progress which The SPEAKER. The gentleman from New York asks unani­ has been made during the last 10 years in the practice of that mous consent to take from the Speaker's table the rivers and art which is at once the most ancient and the most modern harbors appropriation bill, disagree to all the Senate amend­ of arts. If I may have the indulgence of the House to do this, ments, and ask for a conference. Is there objection? I shall requite the courtesy by being as brief as is consistent . Mr. SMALL. I would ask the chairman of the committee if with anything like an adequate presentation of the great and there will be an opportunity for a separate vote on any of the fascinating subject which I propose to consider. Senate amendments. I have in mind particularly Senate Applying first the measuring rod of persons employed and amendment No. 10, and perhaps others. money spent, the growth of the Department of Agriculture dur­ Mr. ALEXANDER of New York. I do not know any reason ing the past 10 years has far exceeded that of all its preceding why there may not be a vote taken, if Members desire it, upon history. As a full-fledged department with a Cabinet minister