Name Many of the people hated the Spanish. They practiced their religion in secret while pretending to listen to the priests. Their anger simmered. Only the lack of a leader and the protection of the Spanish against enemy raiders kept it from boiling over. Pueblo Revolt In the meantime, a Pueblo man named Popé [po-PAY] was born. He By Mary Lynn Bushong trained to be one of the wise men of his village. In the 1670's, drought and disease were sweeping through Pueblo villages. For thousands of years the Anasazi built a culture in the American West. Many of the native people looked to their own religion for answers At first they lived in Utah and and began to practice it openly. The Spanish government responded Colorado. Then they moved south to by having forty-seven medicine men arrested and whipped. Some the Arizona and New Mexico region. were imprisoned. Three were hanged. The land was dryer but warmer. Popé was one of the men who were whipped. He went into hiding Over the years they had built up a rich from Spanish authorities and planned a revolt. More than twenty-four tradition of myth and legend that villages joined him. On August 10, 1680, the Pueblo people revolted underscored their religious beliefs. and killed more than 400 Spaniards and twenty-one of the priests. Those beliefs were influenced by their Then they looted and destroyed buildings. dependence on agriculture. The Spanish were forced to retreat or die. The new peace lasted for After living in an arid climate for many years, the people understood twelve years before Popé died. It was the most successful revolt by the need for careful use of water. They built special irrigation ditches Native Americans in United States history. to water their corn and other crops. Their lives depended on their proper use and design. Pueblo Revolt The men were the ones in charge of the religious aspects of their society. They held their rituals in an underground chamber called a Questions Kiva. They were also the weavers of the village, while the women were potters. 1. When you consider the long-suffering attitude of the Pueblo There were differences in language between many of the Pueblo people under Spanish rule, what does that tell you about their people. Some Hopi spoke a language related to the Aztecs, while character? others spoke Keresan, and the Zunis spoke a language that was original to them.

When the Spanish arrived in the area in about 1540, they tried to change a culture that was older than their own. They immediately grabbed control of more than 100 villages.

They required the villagers to provide them with food and labor even though the people only produced enough food to feed themselves. The 2. The Anasazi had hidden reserves of water. people were pushed into virtual slavery and forbidden to take part in any of their religious ceremonies. The people were also required to A. True provide labor for the Spanish building projects. B. False 8. What effect did the revolt have on the Pueblo situation? Name

3. They had highly developed systems for irrigating crops. A. False B. True 4. The underground worship chamber was called a ______. Why would the Spanish be so intolerant of native religions?

5. The man who led the Pueblo revolt was: A. Pompeii B. Hopi C. Zuni D. Popé 6. How many Pueblo villages joined the revolt? A. 36 B. 67 C. 93 D. 24 7. List two factors that contributed to the revolt. Name

When one country invades another one, they try to make the conquered people change. Explain why they might do that.