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The Fight for a Continent Main Ideas the Spanish Move North • During Mrs. Farrell Chapter 7 Social Studies Study Guide: The Fight for a Continent Main Ideas The Spanish Move North • During the 1500’s and 1600’s, New Spain expanded by establishing colonies in Florida and New Mexico. • Junipero Serra was a Spanish missionary who established a chain of nine missions in present-day California. • Although they never found the gold for which they were looking, Spanish expeditions from Mexico did spread Spanish customs, religious beliefs, and artistic styles throughout the Southwest. French Explore the Mississippi • French exploration of the Mississippi River led to new French colonies in North America. Map and Globe Skills: Compare Maps at Different Scales • Small-scale maps show a large area and few details, and large scale maps show a small area and many details. The French and Indian War • In the French and Indian War, the British, French, and Native Americans fought for control of a large part of North America. Objectives • Explain Spain’s reasons for wanting a colony in Florida. • Describe the early Spanish colonies in New Mexico. • Analyze the causes and effects of the Pueblo Revolt. • Identify ways in which French settlers learned from Native Americans. • Explain how La Salle’s explorations led to the expansion of New France. • Relate the location of New Orleans to its success as a port city. • Compare and use scales to measure distance on maps. • Identify the cause of conflicts over land among the British, French, and Native Americans. • Describe the beginning of the French and Indian War. • Explain how the British were able to win the French and Indian War. • Analyze the major effects of the French and Indian War. Test Material • Spain wanted to establish a colony in Florida to prevent the French and the English from gaining a foothold. • What was NOT one of Pedro Menendez de Avile’s goals in Florida? -Discovering natural resources • Which of the following BEST describes what the Spanish found in New Mexico? -Grassland • Which of the following does NOT describe a hacienda in New Mexico? -Source of cash crops • Which of the following BEST explains the reason for the Pueblo Revolt? -The Pueblo were being mistreated by the Spanish • What was the result of the Pueblo Revolt? -The Spanish were driven out of New Mexico. • From whom did the French settlers learn to make birch-bark canoes? -Native Americans • Why did the French want to explore the Mississippi? -To find new lands to build trading posts • What is one way the French tried to find the Northwest Passage? -By exploring the Mississippi • Which of the following contributed to the success of New Orleans as a trading center? -Its location near the mouth of a river • What happened when English settlers moved west? -Native Americans resisted English settlement • What was Metacom’s goal in waging war against the settlers? -To force the English out of New England • Which BEST describes the beginning of the French and Indian War? -French and British fight over the Ohio River valley. • What helped the British win the French and Indian War? -More British soldiers joined them • What was the effect of the French and Indian War on New France? -Britain took over most of New France • Which BEST describes one effect of the French and Indian War? -Native American lands became part of the British Empire. Essay Questions (all essay questions may/may not be tested) 1. How did the Spanish use the presidios they built in New Mexico? Sample response: Presidios protected their missions. The missions were built by the religious leaders who tried to convert Native Americans to Christianity. 2. What did the Spanish do after returning to New Mexico? Sample response: They continued to expand their lands. They moved into present-day Texas and Arizona. They established new settlements that they hoped would help them retain control over the Southwest. 3. What benefits resulted from the relationship of the French and the Native Americans in the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River region? Sample response: The French and the Native Americans traded goods, which was beneficial to both groups. The French learned many useful life skills from the Native Americans. They learned to build canoes and make snowshoes, and the Native Americans told them about the Mississippi River. 4. Why did the French settlement of New Orleans grow into a major American city? Sample response: New Orleans became a major city because of its location near the mouth of the Mississippi River. The port is one of the busiest in the United States. 5. How did Pontiac’s Rebellion affect colonists? Sample response: The Proclamation of 1763 was enacted. To attempt to halt future Native American rebellions, it tried to stop settlers from settling on land west of the Appalachian Mountains. Map Skills Be able to compare and contrast different scales (small scale map & large scale map) .
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