Excavations at LA 80000, Santa Fe, New Mexico Stephen C. Lentz

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Excavations at LA 80000, Santa Fe, New Mexico Stephen C. Lentz

MUSEUM OF NEW MEXICO OFFICE OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES The Santa Fe Plaza Community Stage: Excavations at LA 80000, Santa Fe, New Mexico Stephen C. Lentz Contributions by Nancy J. Akins Philip R. Alldritt Matthew J. Barbour Candace K. Lewis Natasha Williamson Timothy D. Maxwell Principal Investigator ARCHAEOLOGY NOTES 343 SANTA FE 2004 NEW MEXICO ADMINISTRATIVE SUMMARY At the request of the City of Santa Fe, the Office of Archaeological Studies, Museum of New Mexico, undertook a testing and data recovery program prior to the construction of the Santa Fe Plaza Community Stage. Excavations were confined to the architectural footprint of the stage. During the three-stage field process, the OAS excavated 29 whole and partial 1 by 1 m excavation units at the proposed site (LA 80000). CIP Project No. 403A MNM Project No. 41.733 (Santa Fe Plaza) NMCRIS Activity No. 90008 iii CONTENTS ADMINISTRATIVE SUMMARY . iii INTRODUCTION . 1 ENVIRONMENT . 5 Physiography . 5 Geology . 5 Climate . 5 Flora . 6 Fauna . 6 CULTURE HISTORY . 7 The Developmental Period (A.D. 600-1200) . 7 The Coalition Period (A.D. 1200-1325) . 7 The Classic Period (A.D. 1325-1600) . 8 The Historic Period . 8 The Pueblo Revolt . 9 Reconquest . 9 The Mexican Period (1821-1846) . 10 The Territorial Period (1846-1912) . 10 THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE SANTA FE PLAZA AND VICINITY . 13 Historical Background . 13 Previous Excavations . 13 The Gazebo . 15 THE EXCAVATION . 21 General Stratigraphy . 21 Feature 3 . 23 Excavation Units . 23 Stratum 5 . 26 Trench Monitoring . 26 Discussion . 33 FAUNA . 35 LITHIC ARTIFACTS . 41 Debitage . 41 Formal and Informal Tools . 41 Discussion . 41 MISCELLANEOUS ARTIFACTS . 45 CERAMIC ARTIFACT ANALYSIS . 47 Method of Analysis . 47 Temper . 47 Vessel Form . 48 Pottery Types . 48 Historic Tewa Decorated Pottery . 49 Historic Tewa Utility Pottery . 50 Glaze Ware . 50 Analysis by Provenience . 52 Conclusion . 54 GLASS . 57 MAJOLICA AND OTHER EUROPEAN CERAMIC TYPES . 59 v METAL ARTIFACTS . 63 Artifacts from the Pueblo Revolt . 63 Other Artifacts . 63 INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS . 67 REFERENCES CITED . 73 APPENDIX 1: PLANT MATERIALS FROM SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY DEPOSITS IN THE SANTA FE PLAZA . 79 APPENDIX 2: SITE LOCATION INFORMATION. 83 Figures 1. The plaza site (LA 80000) during excavation. 1 2. Site location map. 2 3. Site map and excavation units. 3 4. The Santa Fe Plaza in ca. 1865. ..

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