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NECROLOGY 127 NECKOLOGY JULY 16, 1907, TO JULY 31, 1908 DIED 1907 JULY 17. Angelo Heilprin, naturalist, geologist, and trav- eler, New York, aged 54. 19. Bernhard H. Gordon, Rabbi, Chicago, aged 58. 24. A. W. Edelman, Rabbi, Los Angeles, Cal., aged 75. AUGUST 1. Hirsh Bernstein, Hebrew scholar, Tannersville, N. Y., aged 61. 6. Judah Wechsler, Rabbi, Indianapolis, Ind., aged 74. 15. Joseph Joachim, violin virtuoso, Berlin, aged 76. 27. Moritz Ellinger, journalist, record clerk of the Surrogate Court, New York City, aged 76. SEPTEMBER 9. Simon Cook, Commander United States Navy, St. Louis, Mo., aged 51. 10. Madame Zadoc Kahn, widow of the Grand- Rabbin of France. 11. Randolph Guggenheimer, lawyer, New York City, aged 59. 22. Ernest Blum, dramatist and journalist, Paris, aged 72. OCTOBER 15. Maurice Loewy, astronomer, Director of the Paris Observatory, Paris, aged 74. 27. Hillel Lipschitz, Chief Rabbi of Lublin, Poland, 28. Marion Moss Hartog, authoress, London, aged 86. 30. Esther J. Ruskay, writer and communal worker, New York City, aged 50. 31. Gustave Lehmann, communal worker, New Or- leans, La. NOVEMBER 7. Jacob Horowitz, Chief Rabbi of Diisseldorf, Germany, aged 70. 10. Julia Herzl, wife of the late Zionist leader Theodor Herzl, Vienna, aged 38. IS. Baroness Adolphe de Rothschild, at Geneva, Switzerland. 25. Alexander Abramson, member of the Second Duma, Kovno, Russia, aged 48. 128 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK DECEMBER 1. Gershom Ravinson, Rabbi, Cleveland, O., aged 59. 5. Samuel A. Tuska, communal worker, New York City. 12. Philip Bondy, Rabbi, Prague, aged 77. 13. Nathaneel Sichel, painter, Berlin, Germany, aged 63. 21. Oskar E. Lassar, dermatologist and hygienist, Berlin, aged 68. 23. Ernest F. L. Gauss, librarian, Chicago, 111., aged 65. 23. Herman N. Hyneman, artist, Philadelphia, Pa., aged 59. 23. John Paley, Yiddish journalist, New York City, aged 37. 25. Isaac Cohen, Rabbi, Dallas, Tex., aged 60. 26. David Avner, communal worker, Pittsburg, Pa., aged 64. 26. Aaron Adolf de Pinto, jurist, The Hague, Hol- land, aged 79. 26. Gustav Kussy, communal worker, Newark, N. J., aged 83. 28. Otto Gras, professor of chemistry at the Poly- technic School of Prague, Prague, aged 68. 29. Hyman P. Bush, brigadier-general in National Guard of California, San Francisco. 30. Max Horb, painter, Prague, Austria, aged 70. 30. Abraham Levy, communal worker, London, aged 59. —. I. Benchimol, Director of the Mayer Rothschild Hospital, Palestine. —. Judah Bendahan, formerly Headmaster of the Old English School, Morocco, aged 84. —. Bernard Frankl, Hofrat, Vienna, Austria, aged 61. —. David Isaacson, Rabbi, Roman, Roumania, aged ,90. —. Emile Levy, Chief Rabbi of Bayonne, officer of the French Legion of Honor, Tours, aged 49. —. Leopold Marks, communal worker, Helena, Mont., aged 77. —. S. R. Melli, Rabbi, Trieste, Hungary, aged 83. —. Feiwel Taubes, Rabbi, Jassy, Roumania, aged 68. 1908 JANUARY 2. Sigmund Kohner, court councillor, Budapest, Austria, aged 68. 2. August Michel Le>y, engineer, geologist, and mineralogist, Paris, aged 63. NECROLOGY 129 5. Alois Kaiser, cantor and composer, Baltimore, Md., aged 68. 9. Abraham Goldfaden, Yiddish dramatist, New York City, aged 68. 12. Bernhard Felsenthal, Rabbi, Chicago, 111., aged 86. 15. David Neumann, Rabbi, Pressburg, Germany. 20. Eduard Bacher, Editor of the " Neue Freie Presse," Vienna, aged 62. 20. Madame Lia F61ix, actress, sister of Rachel, Paris, aged 77. 20. Ronetti Roman, poet, at Jassy, Roumania, aged 55. 22. Samuel Simeon Oppenheim, communal worker, London, England, aged 82. FEBRUARY 4. Solomon W. Levi, communal worker and philan- thropist, Cincinnati, O., aged 48. .16. L. B. Perel, journalist, Amsterdam, Holland, aged 70. 16. Morris Van Thai, superintendent of the Board of Shehita, London, England, aged 68. 29. L. Sternheim, Rabbi, Vienna, Austria, aged 72. (end). Camilla Sacerdote, philanthropist, Turin, Italy. MARCH 2. Isaac Nahum Levy, communal worker, Jeru- salem, aged 42. 5. Lily Hanbury Guedalla, actress, London, aged 33. 6. Sigmund Drechsler, Rabbi, Cleveland, O., aged 64. 8. Paul Hirsch, communal worker, Leeds, England, aged 73. Adolph Meyer, congressman and Civil War vet- eran, New Orleans. La., aged 66. 9. Gerson Bernstein, Rabbi, Chicago, 111., aged 71. 10. Jehudah Steinberg, Hebrew writer, Odessa, Russia, aged 44. 11. Isaiah Bershadsky (pseudonym for Domoshe- vitzky), novelist, Warsaw, Russia, aged 34. 11. Henry Louis Bischoffsheim, philanthropist, Lon- don, aged 79. 17. Gustav Solomon Oppert, Orientalist, Berlin, aged 72. 18. Gregory Gershuni, Russian revolutionist, Switz- erland, aged 40. 19. Solomon Lurie, Rabbi and Hebrew poet, Kiev, Russia, aged 50. 130 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK 21. Joshua Steinberg, writer and educator, Wilna, aged 69. 23. Eugene Pereire, financier and communal worker, Paris, France, aged 76. 29. Nathan Stix, communal worker, Cincinnati, O., aged 72. (end). Marco Alatri, statesman, Rome, Italy. APRIL 6. Gabriel Lindo, lawyer and communal worker, London, England, aged 70. 11. Arthur Levysohn, editor-in-chief of the " Berliner Tageblatt," Meran, Austria, aged 67. 13. Hartwig Derenbourg, Orientalist, Paris, France, aged 64. 27. Jacob Voorsanger, Rabbi, San Francisco, Cal., aged 56. 27. Josef Wertheimer, Rabbi, Geneva, aged 75. Haim Yechiel Halaivi Epstein, Rabbi, Novo- horodok, Minsk, Russia. Wolf Wahrmann, Hebrew scholar and philan- thropist, Botoschani, Roumania, aged 52. MAY Issach Raffael Tedeschi, Rabbi of Ancona, aged 82. Eduard Glaser, traveler and Arabist, Munich, aged 53. 8. Ludovic Hale>y, dramatist and novelist, Paris, aged 74. 17. Percival S. Menken, communal worker, New York City, aged 43. 21. Albert Loewy, Rabbi and communal worker, London, England, aged 84. Moritz Lowy, Chief Rabbi of Temesvar, Austria, aged 60. JUNE 1. Abraham Brodsky, Philanthropist, Odessa, Rus- sia, aged 72. 21. Bechor Eliyahu Hazzan, Haham Bashi of Alex- andria, Egypt, aged 63. JULY (end). Donato Levi, Rabbi of Geneva, Italy, aged 72. Dr. Edward Spiegler, Professor of Dermatology at the University of Vienna, at Gainfarn, Aus- tria, aged 45. A LIST OF LEADING EVENTS 131 A LIST OF LEADING EVENTS IN 5668 JULY 16, 1907, TO JULY 31, 1908 A dash (—) before an event indicates that the source from which the information was obtained did not specify the exact date. In all such instances it is safe to assume that the event occurred during the month under which it is recorded in this list. 1907 JULY 17. The alleged detention of a Mussulman woman in the Jewish quarter of Teheran, Persia, leads to fighting. Twenty Jews injured. 18. Dispatch announcing a massacre of Jews at Skonitz. 19. Heinrich Maas, on the anniversary of the fiftieth year of the existence of his woolen yarn firm in Berlin, creates a pension fund for the em- ployees, to which he contributes 150,000 marks. 19. The Austrian Jewish Union offers a reward of 20,000 kronen for the discovery of the Polna murderers, or for proof of the innocence of Leopold Hilsner. 20. District Courts in Saxony, Germany, exclude Jews from juries and from the positions of Assistant Judges (Assessoren). 25. A large mob of men and women attack the Kosher butcher shops in the southeastern sec- tion of Philadelphia, as a protest against the rise in the price of meat. Fifty shops attacked and the meat spoilt with acid and gasoline. 26. The Association of Orthodox Rabbis calls upon all Jews to boycott New York Yiddish news- papers that are published on the Sabbath day. 31. The Monarchists of the Government of Saratov demand equal rights for the Jews in their program. AUGUST 2. The Kabyles near Casablanca, Morocco, revolted, because the harbor works were in the hands of the French and because a Frenchman was ap- pointed Director of Customs. A French battle- ship bombarded the town to oppose the attacks of the Moors upon the town, and the Arab 132 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK tribes in turn attacked the 6000 Jews in the Mellah, killing 30, wounding 60, violating many women, carrying off 250 young women and girls. The Jewish quarter was ruined, and more than half the Jewish population fled to Tangier, Ceuta, Gibraltar, and elsewhere. 12. Imolgany, Russia, destroyed by an incendiary fire. Jews sustain great losses. 14-21. Eighth Zionist Congress held at The Hague. SEPTEMBER 2. The Black Hundreds attack the Jews of Odessa. Four killed, and sixty wounded. The police remain impassive for two hours. In the even- ing the Union of Genuine Russians adopts a resolution to annihilate, with the help of Cos- sacks, the members of the Jewish Self-Defense Organization. 4. " Hazeman," " Volkszeitung," " Das Wort," and " Volksstimme," Russian Jewish papers, He- brew and Yiddish, suppressed by the au- thorities. The Jewish community of Florence appeals to the Minister of Commerce and Industry to revise the new Sunday law so that Jewish shop- keepers who observe the Sabbath may open their places of business on Sunday. 8. An attack upon the Jews of Krementchug, Russia, by the Union of Genuine Russians. 60 Jews wounded. 9. A pogrom at Kishineff. Many Jews reported killed. 10. Finnish passport laws enforced against Jews. 10. The Roumanian Government issues an order to frontier towns forbidding the authorities to admit Russian Jews even in time of pogroms. 13. The Russian authorities issue orders to revoke the rights of the Jews who had joined the Greek Catholic Church, and who have recently returned to Judaism. OCTOBER 1. In response to a request, the members of the Jewish community of Posen are permitted to open their shops on Sunday, provided they are kept closed on Saturday. The Governor of Mohilev, Russia, permits the Jews of Homel to open their shops on Sunday, on account of the many Jewish holidays of the previous month, but are prevented from doing A LIST OF LEADING EVENTS 133 business by the threats of massacre by the Union of Genuine Russians. 3. Of the instigators of the pogrom at Tiraspol, Russia, the telegrapher and four peasants were sentenced to a four years' term in the galleys, and three other rioters to one year's imprison- ment.